专题09 七选五10篇
（2023下·北京·高二校考期中）There’s nothing like family. The people we’re related to by blood and marriage are expected to be our greatest sources of love and support. Too often, however, our interactions with family are filled with misunderstanding and resentment. Those we should know and be known by best, end up feeling like adversaries or strangers.
Family is where our first and strongest emotional memories are made, and that’s where they keep appearing. And this is why emotional intelligence(EQ)succeeds where other efforts at family harmony fail. 1 The suggestions offered below are transformed from familiar reasonable advice, to highly effective methods for bringing your family ever closer.
Look to yourself first. A family is a system made up of interdependent individuals, but that doesn’t mean you can blame your family of origin for the way you are today 2 When you act on the belief that you have a right and obligation to assert your own emotional needs, your family will notice that your emotional independence benefits not only you, but the whole family, and they may quickly follow your lead.
Recognize that being close doesn’t mean being clones. Sometimes family ties blind us to the uniqueness of those we love. Pride in the family continuum can make it easy to forget that. You can’t be expected to have the same talents as your siblings, even though you may look a lot alike. 3
Cherish every stage of life in each family member. No matter how well we understand that it can’t happen, we desperately want Mom and Dad to stay the way they are, and for the kids to stay home forever. 4 Accept the natural fear that your parents’ aging evokes but use your emotional awareness and empathy to figure out how you can cherish this moment for its unique qualities. What can you and your parents share now that wasn’t possible in the past Can you keep having fun and make sure everyone still feels useful and worthy in the family support system
5 Fully accepting your fear of change can make it easier to ask questions that you may have considered awkward in the past. Maybe your parents are just waiting for your cue. Feel them out. In a flexible, healthy family dynamic, change is just one of the many opportunities you have to enrich one another.
A．Your best hope for fixing any family problem is to attend your own emotional health.
B．You won’t necessarily choose to follow in parent’s footsteps.
C．It’s also important to keep your awareness active with family.
D．The best to accept that fact emotionally, is to embrace change.
E．People all change, and yet many seem to only see change in themselves.
F．If you’re not sure what will work, ask.
G．Active awareness and empathy tell us how to respond to one another’s needs.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何提高家庭和谐的重要性，以及如何通过情商来实现这一目标。
1．根据前文“And this is why emotional intelligence(EQ)succeeds where other efforts at family harmony fail. (这就是为什么情商(EQ)能成功，而其他家庭和谐的努力却失败了。)”可知，此处强调的是情商能够有助于家庭和谐。后文应该对此进行解释。G选项“Active awareness and empathy tell us how to respond to one another’s needs.(积极的意识和同理心告诉我们如何回应彼此的需求。)”中的“积极的意识和同理心”能够告诉我们如何回应家庭成员的需求，其属于EQ的具体体现，因此EQ能够有助于家庭和谐，与前文呼应。故选G。
2．根据前文“Look to yourself first. (先看看你自己)”可知，此处强调的是从自己着手，不要把今天自己的样子归咎于原生家庭。A选项“Your best hope for fixing any family problem is to attend your own emotional health.(解决家庭问题的最大希望是关注自己的情绪健康。)”中“关注自己的情绪健康”与前文呼应，即关注自己的情绪问题是能够解决家庭问题的最大希望。故选A。
3．根据本段段旨“Recognize that being close doesn’t mean being clones.(认识到亲密并不意味着克隆人。)”以及“You can’t be expected to have the same talents as your siblings, even though you may look a lot alike. (即使你和你的兄弟姐妹长得很像，你也不能指望拥有和他们一样的才能。)”可知，虽然与兄弟姐妹有着亲密的关系，但不意味着你们是一样的。B选项“You won’t necessarily choose to follow in parent’s footsteps.( 你并不一定会选择追随父母的脚步。)”承接前文指出，虽然家人们是亲密的，但是不一定会有着同样的才能，也不一定会选择追随亲人的脚步，故B选项符合语境。故选B。
4．根据后文“ Accept the natural fear that your parents’ aging evokes but use your emotional awareness and empathy to figure out how you can cherish this moment for its unique qualities.(接受父母变老带来的自然恐惧，但运用你的情感意识和同理心，想想如何珍惜这一刻，因为它的独特品质。)”可知要学会接受父母变老带来的自然恐惧，运用情感意识和同理心珍惜当下的一刻。D选项“The best to accept that fact emotionally, is to embrace change.(从情感上接受这个事实的最好方式，就是拥抱改变。)”引起下文，指出最好的方式就是要接受改变，与下文的“ Accept the natural fear”形成呼应，符合语境。故选D。
5．根据下文“Fully accepting your fear of change can make it easier to ask questions that you may have considered awkward in the past.(充分接受自己对变化的恐惧可能会让你更容易提出过去可能认为尴尬的问题。)”可知，此处强调接受变化的恐惧，能够让自己更能大胆地提出问题即强调大胆的提出问题，确定到底何种方式起作用。F选项“If you’re not sure what will work, ask.(如果你不确定什么会起作用，那就去问。)”与下文呼应，指出如果遇到不确定什么起作用则大胆询问，符合语境。故选F。
（2023上·北京顺义·高二牛栏山一中校考期中）Have you ever met someone that never gets sidetracked by the difficulties No matter what chaos the world throws at them in their career or personal life they adapt accordingly and build a solution with the pieces they’re left. 6
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources in front of you at the time and optimizing what you have. 7 . They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.
8 When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 9 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.
While many people look at their resourceful co-workers and friends in awe of their problem-solving skills, it’s an ability that can be enhanced with practice. When you’re facing a challenge, train yourself to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 10 Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, no one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. If you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help.
A．You also learn what you’re good at.
B．Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C．Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
D．They may be famous mottoes that always inspire us to move on.
E．Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
F．This ability is called resourcefulness, and it’s helpful in many aspects of life.
G．Instead, be honest about your skills and work towards improving your resourcefulness.
【答案】6．F 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是足智多谋以及如何变得足智多谋。
6．根据上文“Have you ever met someone that never gets sidetracked by the difficulties No matter what chaos the world throws at them in their career or personal life they adapt accordingly and build a solution with the pieces they’re left.(你有没有遇到过一个人，他从来不会因为困难而分心？无论世界在他们的事业或个人生活中给他们带来什么样的混乱，他们都能相应地适应，并利用他们剩下的碎片建立一个解决方案)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故总结上文这种能力：足智多谋。故F选项“这种能力被称为足智多谋，它在生活的许多方面都很有用”符合语境，故选F。
7．根据上文“Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources in front of you at the time and optimizing what you have.(足智多谋意味着找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你面前的任何资源，优化你所拥有的)”以及后文“They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience.(它们也可以是任何有用的东西，比如信息、建议或你自己的经历)”中的also可知，空处和下文为并列关系，也是在列举可以利用的资源可能是什么。故D选项“它们可能是著名的格言，总是激励我们继续前进”符合上下文语境。故选D。
8．根据后文“When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(当我们学会自己解决问题而不是立即向别人寻求帮助时，它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感觉更独立，在做决定时感觉更好。足智多谋可能不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理它们会让你感觉压力更小，下次更有准备)”可知，本段主要介绍足智多谋所带来的好处。故C选项“足智多谋是一种在很多方面对你都有好处的技能”符合上下文语境。故选C。
9．根据上文“Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋可能不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理它们会让你感觉压力更小，下次更有准备)”指出创造性地思考的好处之一是让自己更有准备，空处应也在介绍好处，故A选项“你也会知道你擅长什么”符合，即好处是对自己更加了解。故选A。
10．根据上文“Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.(接下来，为这个问题想出尽可能多的解决方案)”以及后文“Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.(最后，回顾一下哪些是有效的，哪些是无效的，这样你就能在下次处理这种情况时做好准备)”可知，想出尽可能多的解决方案后要权衡和筛选，选出最佳的一个。故E选项“权衡一下每个方案的优点和缺点，选择最好的”符合上下文语境。故选E。
（2023上·北京·高二北京市第十一中学校考期中）Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential
What is a boundary, you ask A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. 11 If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.
Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的). 12
Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work.
Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. 13 One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time.
Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics(道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this. 14 Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within.
15 . Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace.
A．Why are boundaries important
B．However, they are equally, if not more, important.
C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them.
D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful.
E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.
F．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.
G．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict.
【答案】11．E 12．B 13．F 14．G 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了工作场所中设置界限的重要性，包括身体界限、情感界限和心理界限，以及这些界限如何影响工作满意度和员工健康。
11．根据空前内容“What is a boundary, you ask A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something.(你可能会问，什么是界限？界限是定义你与某人或某事之间关系的界限。)”可知，上文引入概念界限。选项E“Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.(界限可以是身体上的、精神上的、情感上的、有形的或无形的。)”对界限进行了分类。与下文“If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.(如果你告诉别人这是你的办公空间，你的桌子，或者你的椅子，你已经试图设置物理边界。)”内容一致，故选E。
12．根据上文“It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的).(物理边界通常更容易理解。情感或精神上的界限可能更微妙。)”可知，上文提到了物理界限和精神上的界限。选项B“However, they are equally, if not more, important.(然而，它们同样重要，如果不是谁更重要的话。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是两种界限同样重要。故选B。
13．根据空后内容“One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. (这方面的一个例子是在周末或假期被反复要求工作到很晚。另一个例子是被要求看太多的客户或病人，以至于我们在一天结束时感到疲倦，到周五就筋疲力尽了。通常，以上工作场所的要求会导致压力增加，并且随着时间的推移，很有可能会精疲力竭。)”可知，下文讲述的是我们会被要求做一些超出我们能力范围的事情。选项F“Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. (这种界限通常包括在很长一段时间内被要求做超出我们能力范围的事情。)”与下文内容相一致，指的都是我们被要求做超出我们能力范围的事情。故选F。
14．根据上文内容“For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this.(例如，你看重一种尊重员工和客户、尊重尊严、道德行事的职场文化。六个月后，你意识到公司领导一再以与此不一致的方式行事。)”以及常识可知，当个人价值观和公司不一致时，可能就会有冲突。选项G“Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict.(你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部不适，甚至冲突。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是当你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部不适，甚至冲突。故选G。
15．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. (边界有很多功能。他们帮助保护我们，明确我们的责任，保持我们的身体和情感能量，并实践我们的价值观和标准。学习设定界限的技能有助于我们优先考虑我们的价值观和幸福，更好地管理我们的压力。识别、设定和保持界限是很有价值的技能，不幸的是，我们在学校或工作场所往往没有学到这些技能。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是界限的重要性。选项A“Why are boundaries important (为什么界限很重要？)”可以统领本段内容。故选A。
（2023下·北京房山·高二统考期中）How to Do a Proper Social Media Detox
Despite the involvement of dopamine (多巴胺), social media addiction is a psychological addiction. You need to stop rewarding your current dopamine triggers so that your brain can return to normal. 16 Plus, you’re more likely to continuously go back into addiction with little hits. Here are the simple steps to a true social media detox:
●Deactivate your accounts. 17 And it will also signal to your friends that you’ re on a detox. It is easy to find out how to deactivate Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn.
●Uninstall all social media apps. This will eliminate all of those notifications and alerts that play such a crucial role in social media addiction. And you won’t be as likely to pop one of those apps open in moments of boredom or stillness.
●Block all social media sites. This is for your computers, laptops, and tablets. Use one of these web filtering tools to restrict access to social media sites. 18 I also have OpenDNS on my router, which blocks sites for all devices connected to it.
● 19 It’s not enough to remove social media from your day. You need to fill that empty space with something else. Otherwise, you’re just going to claw your way back. I recommend learning new skills, whether creative hobbies, geeky DIY hobbies, or even hobby programming.
●Stick with the detox long enough. While studies are still limited on this, most experts agree that it takes approximately three months (or 100 days) for dopamine levels to return to normal. It may take longer depending on how long and how intensely you’ ve been addicted. 20
One last word of advice: Don’t panic. A detox doesn’t have to be permanent — it just has to be long enough to rewire your brain and break you out of the endless dopamine cycle. You can always come back later.
A．Take a moment and search your heart.
B．My preferred tool is K9 Web Protection.
C．Replace social media with another activity.
D．This will serve as a fence against your sudden wish to check in.
E．You can’t do a detox if you’re feeding your appetite here and there.
F．So don’t be surprised if it takes upwards of six months or even a year.
G．Like most addictions, it takes hold of you long before you realize it even exists.
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了戒掉社交媒体的方法。
16．上文“You need to stop rewarding your current dopamine triggers so that your brain can return to normal.(你需要停止奖励你当前的多巴胺触发点，这样你的大脑才能恢复正常)”提出要停止满足多巴胺触发点，E项“You can’t do a detox if you’re feeding your appetite here and there. (如果你处处满足自己的欲望，你就无法实现脱瘾)”解释了原因：如果我们不断去满足自己对多巴胺的的欲望，我们就无法戒掉社交媒体，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
17．小标题“Deactivate your accounts.(停用你的帐户)”建议停用社交媒体帐号，D项“This will serve as a fence against your sudden wish to check in.(这可以防止你突然想要登录)”解释了需要停用帐号的原因：没有帐号就可以避免再次登录，上下文构成因果关系。故选D项。
18．下文“I also have OpenDNS on my router, which blocks sites for all devices connected to it.(我的路由器上也安装了OpenDNS，它可以屏蔽所有连接到它的设备的网站)”列举了作者使用的一种网络过滤工具，根据句中“also have”可推知，设空句中会提到另一种网络过滤工具。B项“My preferred tool is K9 Web Protection.(我最喜欢的工具是K9 Web Protection)”提到作者最喜欢的过滤工具K9 Web Protection，与下文构成并列关系，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
19．设空句是段首小标题，根据下文“It’s not enough to remove social media from your day. You need to fill that empty space with something else. Otherwise, you’re just going to claw your way back. I recommend learning new skills, whether creative hobbies, geeky DIY hobbies, or even hobby programming.(把社交媒体从你的生活中移除是不够的。你需要用别的东西来填补空白。否则，你很容易会网瘾复发。我建议学习新的技能，无论是创造性的爱好，极客DIY的爱好，甚至是编程的爱好)”可知，本段主要讲用其它活动来代替社交媒体。C项“Replace social media with another activity.(用其他活动代替社交媒体)”是最佳标题。故选C项。
20．上文“While studies are still limited on this, most experts agree that it takes approximately three months (or 100 days) for dopamine levels to return to normal. It may take longer depending on how long and how intensely you’ ve been addicted.(虽然在这方面的研究仍然有限，但大多数专家认为，多巴胺水平需要大约三个月(或100天)才能恢复正常。也可能需要更长的时间，这取决于你上瘾的时间和程度)”指出社交媒体脱瘾需要的时间与上瘾时间和上瘾程度有关，因人而异。F项“So don’t be surprised if it takes upwards of six months or even a year.(所以，如果需要六个月甚至一年的时间，不要感到惊讶)”承接上文，提示如果你需要更长的时间来脱瘾不要感到惊讶，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
（2022上·北京·高二人大附中校考期中）Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. 21
In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. 22
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them alphabetically, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.
23 Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can--then let the unconscious (无意识的) take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. 24 but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. 25 Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
A．Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
B．We do everything we can to get ourselves out of this gloomy situation.
C．We experience this tiredness in two ways: start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.
D．Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions.
E．The solution is obvious though-perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
F．What's more, making use of your unconsciousness wisely also proves effective in tackling difficult tasks.
G．In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.
【答案】21．C 22．E 23．A 24．D 25．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。围绕失败、疲劳和成功的关系展开论述，以亲身经历为例提出措施如何解决启动疲劳和执行疲劳。
21．根据上文“There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.(没有什么比不成功更累的了)”和下文“In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult.(在前一种情况下，我们总是推迟一项任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难)”可知，空格处应总的指出疲惫感分为两种情况，引出下文。选项C“We experience this tiredness in two ways: start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.(我们以两种方式体验这种疲劳：启动疲劳和执行疲劳)”指出了两种疲劳，符合语境。故选C项。
22．根据下文“And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.(我每天的工作都是从写作这项艰巨的任务开始的。经验证明这条规则是有效的)”推知，前文应该指出了作者所说的规则是什么。选项E“The solution is obvious though-perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.(解决方案很明显，但可能不容易应用：总是先处理最困难的工作)”恰好提出了一个规则，即先处理最困难的事，符合语境。故选E项。
23．下文“Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right.(尽管我们愿意开始工作，但我们似乎不能把工作做好)”指出我们愿意开始工作，即没有启动疲劳，可知本段开始讨论第二种疲劳：执行疲劳。选项A“Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.(执行疲劳更难处理)”符合语境。故选A项。
24．根据下文“but none of them worked.(但是没有一个奏效)”可知空格处应该指出作者尝试了很多办法，都没有成功。选项D“Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions.(以前从来没有这样做过，我日复一日地不断提出解决方案)”表明作者反复提出了许多解决措施，符合语境。故选D项。
25．根据上文“An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.(一个小时后，我突然醒来，脑海中清晰地浮现出解决方案)”和下文“Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.(虽然我和以前一样努力工作，但我并不感到疲劳)”推知，作者的方案是凑效的，因此他才没有觉得累。选项G“In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.(在接下来的几周里，我潜意识中想到的解决方案在每一步都被证明是正确的)”符合语境。故选G项。
（2023上·北京东城·高二统考期中）Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. 26 Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on the person.
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights. 27 Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one.
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. 28 It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more likely to overeat.
29 Not all foods are created equal. For example, if you choose a fed workout, you’ll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack.
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. 30
A．However, a fasted workout might not work for you.
B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity.
C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.
D．To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.
E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.
F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.
G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts.
【答案】26．D 27．C 28．A 29．F 30．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和快速锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。
26．根据上文“Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout.(有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东西，这被称为“进食锻炼”(fed workout)。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为禁食锻炼。)”和下文“Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on the person.(许多专家说这个问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。)”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中地“the question”和下文的“answer”对应。D项：To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.( 吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的问题。)符合语境。故选D。
27．根据上文“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.(运动前吃点东西可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。)”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的“These benefits”对应。C项：These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.(这些好处可以燃烧更多的脂肪，塑造更苗条的身材。)符合语境。故选C。
28．根据上文“Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. (研究快速运动的专家进一步声称，在快速运动之后吃东西会让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。)”和下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy. (它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，上文提到快速运动的好处，下文提到快速运动的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。A项：However, a fasted workout might not work for you.(然而，快速锻炼可能并不适合你。)符合语境。故选A。
29．根据下文“Not all foods are created equal. (并不是所有的食物都生而一样。)”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什么很重要。F项：Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. (知道理想的锻炼应该吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要。)符合语境。故选F。
30．根据上文“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.(决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。禁食锻炼和进食锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的“before taking a choice.”与主旨对应。E项：Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.(在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与你的健身教练讨论。)符合语境。故选E。
（2022下·北京·高二人大附中校考期中）Every year thousands of people converge(汇集) on the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town.
31 But the event is of interest to more than just adrenaline junkies and animal-rights activists. A paper just published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.
That is a useful topic to explore. Architects,civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire,a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly crushes. 32 Ethics-review boards, after all,are likely to frown on researchers putting volunteers into deadly danger simply to study how they might behave.But Daniel Parisi,a physicist and computer scientist at the Technical Institute of Buenos Aires,and the paper's lead author, realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019,and recorded footage of the runners as the animals were released. 33 The researchers brought their recordings back to the lab to calculate the velocities(速度)of the runners, the density of the crowd and the probability of a runner tripping and falling.They also examined the trajectories of the bulls,the responses of individual runners as bulls came near to them,and the relationship between runner-group density and velocity.
34 Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd. At the crowd's maximum speed of around four metres per second,density reached roughly one pedestrian per square metre.This finding is at odds with a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up,in order to lower the risk of a collision,which could lead to a fall and,perhaps,injury or death as a runner is trampled by others.Dr Parisi's data suggests that groups of fast,crowded runners are indeed at risk:of 20 people who fell,all did so within a fast-moving,dense group. Most(14 of the 20) involved two or more people,with one person tripping another.
Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little heed to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The duty therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future alleys, tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. 35 .
A．Unfortunately,solid information is hard to come by.
B．The only option may well be to make them wider.
C．Goring(顶伤)is much less common but potentially life threatening.
D．A wave of people running at top speed raced past their cameras a few seconds ahead of the bulls.
E．There are dozens of injuries every year,and there have been at least 15 deaths recorded since 1910.
F．Perhaps unsurprisingly,the researchers found that runners sped up when the bulls drew near.
G．A set of wooden fences is erected to direct the bulls along the route and to block off side streets.
【答案】31．E 32．A 33．D 34．F 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现在盛怒或紧张的时刻，人们似乎很少注意到相互碰撞的危险，也没有减速。因此，城市设计师的责任就落在如何最好地规划未来的小巷、隧道、桥梁和其他限制流量的通道的建设上，从而减少危险的发生。
31．空格处是段落首句，起到承上启下的作用，根据第一段“Every year thousands of people converge(汇集) on the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town.( 在西班牙东北部的潘普洛纳市，每年都会有成千上万的人聚集在一起，等待着六头斗牛被释放并在镇上冲锋的机会。)”可知每年的西班牙斗牛比赛会引起大量的人员聚集，根据下文“Architects,civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire,a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly crushes.( 建筑师、土木工程师和城市规划师必须设法弄清楚人们在发生火灾、洪水或恐怖袭击等灾难时的行为，这样他们才能设计出能够避免潜在致命撞击的建筑。)”可知人员聚集会有潜在相互撞击的危险，结合选项可知选项E. There are dozens of injuries every year,and there have been at least 15 deaths recorded since 1910.( 自1910年以来，每年都有数十人受伤，至少有15人死亡)能够承接上文，讲述斗牛比赛大量人员聚集的严重后果，同时引出下文对怎样才能设计出能够避免潜在致命撞击的建筑的讨论。故选E。
32．根据前文“That is a useful topic to explore. Architects,civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire,a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly crushes.( 这是一个值得探讨的有用话题。建筑师、土木工程师和城市规划师必须设法弄清楚人们在发生火灾、洪水或恐怖袭击等灾难时的行为，这样他们才能设计出能够避免潜在致命撞击的建筑。)”可知建筑师、土木工程师和城市规划师还没有弄清楚人们在发生火灾、洪水或恐怖袭击等灾难时的行为，由此可知在这个话题上还是缺少相关信息和证据的，根据下文“Ethics-review boards, after all,are likely to frown on researchers putting volunteers into deadly danger simply to study how they might behave.( 毕竟，伦理审查委员会很可能不赞成研究人员仅仅为了研究志愿者的行为，而将他们置于致命的危险之中。)”可知研究人员的研究方案不被支持，由此可知获得相关实验数据比较困难。结合选项可知A. Unfortunately,solid information is hard to come by(不幸的是，可靠的信息很难得到)与上述分析一致。故选A。
33．根据前文“Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019,and recorded footage of the runners as the animals were released.( 2019年7月，帕里西博士和他的团队去了潘普洛纳的两个不同的屋顶地点，在动物被释放时记录了跑步者的视频。)”可知接下来会写视频中跑步者的状态，结合选项可知选项D. A wave of people running at top speed raced past their cameras a few seconds ahead of the bulls.( 一群人以最快的速度跑过摄像机，比公牛快了几秒钟。)与上述话题一致且衔接自然。故选D。
34．空格处是段落首句，起到承上启下的作用。根据上文“They also examined the trajectories of the bulls,the responses of individual runners as bulls came near to them,and the relationship between runner-group density and velocity.( 他们还检查了公牛的运动轨迹，当公牛靠近跑步者时个体的反应，以及跑步者群体密度和速度之间的关系。
)”可知下文将进一步说明当公牛靠近跑步者时个体的反应，以及跑步者群体密度和速度之间的关系，结合选项可知选项F. Perhaps unsurprisingly,the researchers found that runners sped up when the bulls drew near.( 毫不奇怪的是，研究人员发现，当公牛靠近时，奔跑者加快了速度。)中与此处话题一致，且选项F中的 “unsurprisingly”与下文中的 “Less expected”形成对比。故选F。
35．根据前文“The duty therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future alleys, tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow.( 因此，城市设计师有责任研究如何最好地规划未来的建设，如小巷、隧道、桥梁和其他限制人流量的通道。。)”可知此处总结如何最好地规划未来的小巷、隧道、桥梁和其他限制流量的通道，结合选项可知选项B. The only option may well be to make them wider.( 唯一的选择可能是将通道扩大化)是其中一种规划方式。故选B。
（2022下·北京·高二101中学校考期中）Facebook Is a Big Waster
During the first decade of the 21st century, a popular and new word has come into our vocabulary — Facebook. This is the most popular social networking website on the Internet. 36 You can send messages to your friend’s electronic wall, put up a status saying something like “Going to the mall, I need to get a new pair of shoes” or “it’s finally the weekend!”.
In spite of the benefit it does on common people, it is true that this social network is a big waster. There are about 350 million active users on this website and 67% of them are between the ages of 13-25. More than 35 million users update their status every day. 37
The highest age group who use Facebook are teenagers. Most of them keep the website running whenever they are using the computer, if they aren’t in school or when they aren’t asleep. Facebook is just changing the new generation of youngsters unconsciously. The teenage life is one of the most important stages of life. 38 It is a distraction to their mind as well. Nowadays, when all their homework and research are on ICT (information and communication technology), they would easily switch to Facebook just to check if there was anything updated among their friends.
Facebook is also where people can see the gossip among their friends, virtual arguments, relationship status and updates, who is in whose “top friends”, you can become a fan of anything, join groups, post pictures and videos, play childish games, invite friends to parties or events and a lot more. Generally, all these would just disturb people into living life to the fullest. It’s not just teens who become addicted, even grown-ups do. An average person spends about 55 minutes on Facebook. 39 Technology might be taking over people’s life. Furthermore, people who use Facebook through their mobile phones are 50% more active on Facebook than non-mobile phone users. This shows people using Facebook on their phones as well as computers just can’t stand being away from the website. Facebook is like crack to some folk.
40 This would make them think how life is like without saying what’s on their mind to all their friends on the Internet. A break would also make them more active, like socializing in person. This would finally help them focus better in school or in work. Although about 80% of people who take a break would come back to Facebook within days.
A．And 2.5 billion photos are added each month.
B．Wasting it on Facebook is not encouraging in any way.
C．This statistic isn’t that bad but some people spend about 3-5 hours.
D．It is time people should take a break from Facebook once in a while.
E．As a result, the average Facebook users have 130 friends who they share links with.
F．Usually, when people hear the words “social networking”, their brains automatically go to sites such as Twitter or Facebook.
G．The main idea of Facebook is that you can keep in touch with all your friends around the world who have Facebook.
【答案】36．G 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了Facebook是当前一种主要的社交网站，尤其是青少年每天花在上面的时间很多，最后建议我们要控制好时间。
36．根据空后“You can send messages to your friend’s electronic wall, put up a status saying something like ‘Going to the mall, I need to get a new pair of shoes’ or ‘it’s finally the weekend!’.（你可以给朋友发送信息，也可以发布状态说“我打算去商场，我需要买一双鞋”或者“终于到周末了！”这些事情。）”可知，你可以通过Facebook与朋友保持联系，故G项“Facebook的主要理念是，你可以与世界各地使用Facebook的朋友保持联系”符合，本空提出通过Facebook与朋友联系的理念，空后提出具体做法，故选G项。
37．根据空前“More than 35 million users update their status every day.（每天35百万的用户更新资料。）”可知，本空A项“每月增加25亿张照片”符合，空前提到每天很多用户更新他们的状态，本空用照片的上传量进一步说明使用Facebook的人很多，故选A项。
38．根据空前“Facebook is just changing the new generation of youngsters unconsciously. The teenage life is one of the most important stages of life.（Facebook正在无意识中改变着年轻一代。青少年是人生中最重要的阶段之一。）”和空后“It is a distraction to their mind as well.（它也是一种分心。）”可知，空前提到了青少年是人生阶段最重要的一年，空后却说出Facebook对青少年的影响，故B项“不要再Facebook上浪费时间”符合，空后提出不要在Facebook上浪费时间的原因，故选B项。
39．根据空前“An average person spends about 55 minutes on Facebook.（平均每人花大约55分钟在Facebook上。）”可知，空前提到了平均下来，每人花55分钟玩Facebook，故C项“这个统计数据并不是太差，但有些人花了大约3-5个小时”中的this statistic指代空前的55minutes，且空前说到55分钟，这一数据并不可怕，但是有人花3-5小时，本空用数据进一步说明Facebook对人的影响，故选C项。
40．根据空后“This would make them think how life is like without saying what’s on their mind to all their friends on the Internet. A break would also make them more active, like socializing in person.（这可以让他们思考，如果不与网上的朋友分享心理想的事情时，生活会是什么样的。休息也会让他们变得更积极，比如说更积极地去面对面交流。）”可知，空后提出了不上网的好处，故此空D项“人们应该从Facebook上休息一下了”符合，本空提出应该休息，空后说明休息的好处，故选D项。
（2022下·北京房山·高二统考期中）Time management is all about making the most effective use of your time and working smarter. It requires planning, and then sticking to the plan — and that takes discipline (自律). 41
It’s important that you know what your short-term and long-term goals are — this will enable you to differentiate between what’s important and what’s not. 42 It's only when you know where you want to go and what you want to achieve that you can figure out exactly what needs to be done, and in what order.
Some people have the habit of putting off doing things. 43 It’s important to look at the causes of your postponement — is it because you re waiting for the right time or mood, or have just developed a very bad habit The only way to break a habit is to consistently act in other ways — so stop putting things off and just do it.
44 They can increase your productivity by 20 per cent, help to clear your mind, and save you energy and stress. Start your day by spending five to ten minutes planning your activities for the day — or, better still, prepare your list the evening before.
Write out your tasks to-do either on paper or on your computer. Focus on one task at a time. As you complete your tasks, cross them off. 45
Learning how to squeeze more into your day, and knowing how to make the most of your time is essential to your career and life balance.
A．It can give you a very satisfying feeling.
B．You need to be energetic in the activities.
C．It is a good method for you to make to-do lists.
D．You’d better figure out your strengths in your mind.
E．Here are some tips which can help you maximise your time.
F．For them, this bad behavior may be a major barrier to their success.
G．Once you have clear goals, you can prepare a series of actions to achieve them.
【答案】41．E 42．G 43．F 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种可以帮助人最大化利用时间的建议。
41．根据上文“Time management is all about making the most effective use of your time and working smarter. It requires planning, and then sticking to the plan — and that takes discipline (自律).(时间管理就是最有效地利用你的时间和更聪明地工作。它需要计划，然后坚持计划——这需要自律)”可知，上文引出话题“时间管理”。E项“Here are some tips which can help you maximise your time.(以下是一些可以帮助你最大化利用时间的建议)”起到承上启下作用，承接上文话题，引出下文的关于时间管理的建议。故选E项。
42．根据上文“It’s important that you know what your short-term and long-term goals are— this will enable you to differentiate between what's important and what's not.(知道你的短期和长期目标是什么是很重要的，这将使你区分什么是重要的，什么是不重要的)”可知，此句为主旨句，善于利用时间的人，先得设定目标。G项“Once you have clear goals, you can prepare a series of actions to achieve them.(一旦你有了明确的目标，你就可以准备一系列的行动来实现它们)”与上文主题一致，与下文“It’s only when you know where you want to go and what you want to achieve that you can figure out exactly what needs to be done, and in what order.(只有当你知道你想要去哪里，你想要实现什么，你才能确切地知道需要做什么，以什么顺序做)”一起阐述了设定目标的重要性，语意连贯顺畅。故选G项。
43．根据上文“Some people have the habit of putting off doing things. (有些人有拖延做事的习惯)”可知，F项“For them, this bad behavior may be a major barrier to their success.(对他们来说，这种不良行为可能是他们成功的主要障碍)”可以承接上文，其中的them指代上文中的Some people，this bad behavior指代上文中的the habit of putting off doing things。故选F项。
44．此处应是主旨句。根据下文“They can increase your productivity by 20 per cent, help to clear your mind, and save you energy and stress. Start your day by spending five to ten minutes planning your activities for the day - or, better still, prepare your list the evening before.(它们可以使你的工作效率提高20%，帮助你理清思绪，为你节省精力和压力。用5到10分钟计划你一天的活动，或者，更好的是，在前一天晚上准备好你的清单)”可知，本段话题为“清单”。C项“It is a good method for you to make to-do lists.(制定待办事项清单对你来说是一个很好的方法)”可以作本段主旨句，下文的they指代的是C项中的to-do lists，语意连贯。故选C项。
45．根据上文“As you complete your tasks, cross them off.(当你完成任务时，把它们划掉)”可知，A项“It can give you a very satisfying feeling.(它能给你一种非常满足的感觉)”能够承接上文，其中的it指代上文整个句子，“划掉已完成的任务”能给你满足感，语意连贯顺畅。故选A项。
（2023下·北京朝阳·高二日坛中学校考期中）It had been a hard week for Jack. His parents had to cancel the family’s spring vacation to Disney World. 46 And he studied the wrong chapter for his science test. Jack pressed the play button on his CD player. As his favorite song played, Jack thought about the coming weekend. After a few minutes, he called to his sister in the next room. “Hey, how about playing basketball ”
47 The right song can make you smile and feel like getting up and dancing. It can also calm you down when you’re worried. Besides changing how you feel, music may help make your brain work better.
48 It may be because peopled bodies have natural rhythms, such as a heartbeat and pulse. Different kinds of music can affect you in different ways. Changing your mood can be as easy as pressing the “play” button.
Soft music with long, gentle notes is what many people play to relax. If you want to relax, try listening to nature sounds. 49 Maybe just hearing a single voice soothes you. At an exhibit in New York City, visitors can lie down on the city’s latest futon bed. They close their eyes, put on headphones, and listen to soft music, relaxing themselves.
Music can do more than just help them relax. Playing music while studying helps keep your brain in shape. When you listen to a sound, it travels from the ear to the brain by electrical signal and it involves learning, memory, and emotions. Experts suggest playing slow music to help you concentrate while you study. It may even improve your memory. 50 For example, if you’re reading a beautiful poem, playing light music may help you understand it better.
No matter what style of music you like, you can use it to help you. The right music can add to a good mood or turn around a bad day. Just ask Jack. After listening to his favorite song, he put his tough week behind him and played a great game of basketball with his sister.
A．Why does music have these powers
B．It may help make people healthy again.
C．His basketball team lost an important game.
D．Why can music help you stay longer in a place
E．Or look for music with a single instrument you like.
F．So try to match the type of music to the type of learning.
G．Music can be just what you need when you’re feeling down.
【答案】46．C 47．G 48．A 49．E 50．F
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论的音乐能改善心情的原因。
46．下文“And he studied the wrong chapter for his science test.(他为他的科学考试学习了错误的章节)”说明，他的父母取消了去迪士尼度假的计划，是因为他的足球队输了比赛且要为科学考试学习，与选项C. His basketball team lost an important game.(他的足球队输了一场重要的比赛)相一致，都是取消度假的原因。故选C。
47．下文“The right song can make you smile and feel like getting up and dancing.(合适的歌曲可以让你微笑，感觉像起床跳舞)”说明，对的歌曲会使你好起来。与选项G. Music can be just what you need when you’re feeling down.(音乐是当你心情低落时你需要的)相一致。故选G。
48．上文“It may be because people's bodies have natural rhythms, such as a heartbeat and pulse.(可能是因为人的身体有自然的节律，比如心跳和脉搏)”说明，这或许是因为人们有天生的旋律感，与选项A. Why does music have these powers (为什么音乐有这种力量？)相一致，且A选项中“these powers”指代上文“music may help make your brain work better (音乐可能有助于让你的大脑更好地工作)”。故选A。
49．上文“If you want to relax, try listening to nature sounds.(如果你想放松，试着听听大自然的声音)”说明，如果你想放松，尝试听自然的声音。与选项E. Or look for music with a single instrument you like.(或用一个你喜欢的乐器来寻找音乐)相一致，且E选项中“a single instrument”和下文“Maybe just hearing a single voice soothes you(也许只听到一个声音就能抚慰你)”相一致。故选E。
50．下文“For example, if you're reading a beautiful poem, playing light music may help you understand it better.(例如，如果你正在阅读一首优美的诗歌，播放轻音乐可能会帮助您更好地理解它)”说明，不同的音乐有不同的作用。与选项F. So try to match the type of music to the type of learning.(所以尽力把音乐和学习的类型结合起来)相一致。故选F。专题09 七选五10篇
（2023下·北京·高二校考期中）There’s nothing like family. The people we’re related to by blood and marriage are expected to be our greatest sources of love and support. Too often, however, our interactions with family are filled with misunderstanding and resentment. Those we should know and be known by best, end up feeling like adversaries or strangers.
Family is where our first and strongest emotional memories are made, and that’s where they keep appearing. And this is why emotional intelligence(EQ)succeeds where other efforts at family harmony fail. 1 The suggestions offered below are transformed from familiar reasonable advice, to highly effective methods for bringing your family ever closer.
Look to yourself first. A family is a system made up of interdependent individuals, but that doesn’t mean you can blame your family of origin for the way you are today 2 When you act on the belief that you have a right and obligation to assert your own emotional needs, your family will notice that your emotional independence benefits not only you, but the whole family, and they may quickly follow your lead.
Recognize that being close doesn’t mean being clones. Sometimes family ties blind us to the uniqueness of those we love. Pride in the family continuum can make it easy to forget that. You can’t be expected to have the same talents as your siblings, even though you may look a lot alike. 3
Cherish every stage of life in each family member. No matter how well we understand that it can’t happen, we desperately want Mom and Dad to stay the way they are, and for the kids to stay home forever. 4 Accept the natural fear that your parents’ aging evokes but use your emotional awareness and empathy to figure out how you can cherish this moment for its unique qualities. What can you and your parents share now that wasn’t possible in the past Can you keep having fun and make sure everyone still feels useful and worthy in the family support system
5 Fully accepting your fear of change can make it easier to ask questions that you may have considered awkward in the past. Maybe your parents are just waiting for your cue. Feel them out. In a flexible, healthy family dynamic, change is just one of the many opportunities you have to enrich one another.
A．Your best hope for fixing any family problem is to attend your own emotional health.
B．You won’t necessarily choose to follow in parent’s footsteps.
C．It’s also important to keep your awareness active with family.
D．The best to accept that fact emotionally, is to embrace change.
E．People all change, and yet many seem to only see change in themselves.
F．If you’re not sure what will work, ask.
G．Active awareness and empathy tell us how to respond to one another’s needs.
（2023上·北京顺义·高二牛栏山一中校考期中）Have you ever met someone that never gets sidetracked by the difficulties No matter what chaos the world throws at them in their career or personal life they adapt accordingly and build a solution with the pieces they’re left. 6
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources in front of you at the time and optimizing what you have. 7 . They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.
8 When we learn to solve problems for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 9 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.
While many people look at their resourceful co-workers and friends in awe of their problem-solving skills, it’s an ability that can be enhanced with practice. When you’re facing a challenge, train yourself to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 10 Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, no one is expected to solve all problems by themselves. If you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help.
A．You also learn what you’re good at.
B．Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C．Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
D．They may be famous mottoes that always inspire us to move on.
E．Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
F．This ability is called resourcefulness, and it’s helpful in many aspects of life.
G．Instead, be honest about your skills and work towards improving your resourcefulness.
（2023上·北京·高二北京市第十一中学校考期中）Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential
What is a boundary, you ask A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. 11 If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.
Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的). 12
Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work.
Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. 13 One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time.
Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics(道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this. 14 Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within.
15 . Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace.
A．Why are boundaries important
B．However, they are equally, if not more, important.
C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them.
D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful.
E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.
F．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.
G．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict.
（2023下·北京房山·高二统考期中）How to Do a Proper Social Media Detox
Despite the involvement of dopamine (多巴胺), social media addiction is a psychological addiction. You need to stop rewarding your current dopamine triggers so that your brain can return to normal. 16 Plus, you’re more likely to continuously go back into addiction with little hits. Here are the simple steps to a true social media detox:
●Deactivate your accounts. 17 And it will also signal to your friends that you’ re on a detox. It is easy to find out how to deactivate Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn.
●Uninstall all social media apps. This will eliminate all of those notifications and alerts that play such a crucial role in social media addiction. And you won’t be as likely to pop one of those apps open in moments of boredom or stillness.
●Block all social media sites. This is for your computers, laptops, and tablets. Use one of these web filtering tools to restrict access to social media sites. 18 I also have OpenDNS on my router, which blocks sites for all devices connected to it.
● 19 It’s not enough to remove social media from your day. You need to fill that empty space with something else. Otherwise, you’re just going to claw your way back. I recommend learning new skills, whether creative hobbies, geeky DIY hobbies, or even hobby programming.
●Stick with the detox long enough. While studies are still limited on this, most experts agree that it takes approximately three months (or 100 days) for dopamine levels to return to normal. It may take longer depending on how long and how intensely you’ ve been addicted. 20
One last word of advice: Don’t panic. A detox doesn’t have to be permanent — it just has to be long enough to rewire your brain and break you out of the endless dopamine cycle. You can always come back later.
A．Take a moment and search your heart.
B．My preferred tool is K9 Web Protection.
C．Replace social media with another activity.
D．This will serve as a fence against your sudden wish to check in.
E．You can’t do a detox if you’re feeding your appetite here and there.
F．So don’t be surprised if it takes upwards of six months or even a year.
G．Like most addictions, it takes hold of you long before you realize it even exists.
（2022上·北京·高二人大附中校考期中）Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. 21
In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. 22
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them alphabetically, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.
23 Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can--then let the unconscious (无意识的) take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. 24 but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. 25 Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
A．Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
B．We do everything we can to get ourselves out of this gloomy situation.
C．We experience this tiredness in two ways: start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.
D．Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions.
E．The solution is obvious though-perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
F．What's more, making use of your unconsciousness wisely also proves effective in tackling difficult tasks.
G．In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.
（2023上·北京东城·高二统考期中）Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. 26 Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on the person.
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights. 27 Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one.
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat. 28 It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more likely to overeat.
29 Not all foods are created equal. For example, if you choose a fed workout, you’ll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack.
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. 30
A．However, a fasted workout might not work for you.
B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity.
C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.
D．To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.
E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.
F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.
G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts.
（2022下·北京·高二人大附中校考期中）Every year thousands of people converge(汇集) on the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town.
31 But the event is of interest to more than just adrenaline junkies and animal-rights activists. A paper just published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.
That is a useful topic to explore. Architects,civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire,a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly crushes. 32 Ethics-review boards, after all,are likely to frown on researchers putting volunteers into deadly danger simply to study how they might behave.But Daniel Parisi,a physicist and computer scientist at the Technical Institute of Buenos Aires,and the paper's lead author, realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019,and recorded footage of the runners as the animals were released. 33 The researchers brought their recordings back to the lab to calculate the velocities(速度)of the runners, the density of the crowd and the probability of a runner tripping and falling.They also examined the trajectories of the bulls,the responses of individual runners as bulls came near to them,and the relationship between runner-group density and velocity.
34 Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd. At the crowd's maximum speed of around four metres per second,density reached roughly one pedestrian per square metre.This finding is at odds with a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up,in order to lower the risk of a collision,which could lead to a fall and,perhaps,injury or death as a runner is trampled by others.Dr Parisi's data suggests that groups of fast,crowded runners are indeed at risk:of 20 people who fell,all did so within a fast-moving,dense group. Most(14 of the 20) involved two or more people,with one person tripping another.
Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little heed to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The duty therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future alleys, tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. 35 .
A．Unfortunately,solid information is hard to come by.
B．The only option may well be to make them wider.
C．Goring(顶伤)is much less common but potentially life threatening.
D．A wave of people running at top speed raced past their cameras a few seconds ahead of the bulls.
E．There are dozens of injuries every year,and there have been at least 15 deaths recorded since 1910.
F．Perhaps unsurprisingly,the researchers found that runners sped up when the bulls drew near.
G．A set of wooden fences is erected to direct the bulls along the route and to block off side streets.
（2022下·北京·高二101中学校考期中）Facebook Is a Big Waster
During the first decade of the 21st century, a popular and new word has come into our vocabulary — Facebook. This is the most popular social networking website on the Internet. 36 You can send messages to your friend’s electronic wall, put up a status saying something like “Going to the mall, I need to get a new pair of shoes” or “it’s finally the weekend!”.
In spite of the benefit it does on common people, it is true that this social network is a big waster. There are about 350 million active users on this website and 67% of them are between the ages of 13-25. More than 35 million users update their status every day. 37
The highest age group who use Facebook are teenagers. Most of them keep the website running whenever they are using the computer, if they aren’t in school or when they aren’t asleep. Facebook is just changing the new generation of youngsters unconsciously. The teenage life is one of the most important stages of life. 38 It is a distraction to their mind as well. Nowadays, when all their homework and research are on ICT (information and communication technology), they would easily switch to Facebook just to check if there was anything updated among their friends.
Facebook is also where people can see the gossip among their friends, virtual arguments, relationship status and updates, who is in whose “top friends”, you can become a fan of anything, join groups, post pictures and videos, play childish games, invite friends to parties or events and a lot more. Generally, all these would just disturb people into living life to the fullest. It’s not just teens who become addicted, even grown-ups do. An average person spends about 55 minutes on Facebook. 39 Technology might be taking over people’s life. Furthermore, people who use Facebook through their mobile phones are 50% more active on Facebook than non-mobile phone users. This shows people using Facebook on their phones as well as computers just can’t stand being away from the website. Facebook is like crack to some folk.
40 This would make them think how life is like without saying what’s on their mind to all their friends on the Internet. A break would also make them more active, like socializing in person. This would finally help them focus better in school or in work. Although about 80% of people who take a break would come back to Facebook within days.
A．And 2.5 billion photos are added each month.
B．Wasting it on Facebook is not encouraging in any way.
C．This statistic isn’t that bad but some people spend about 3-5 hours.
D．It is time people should take a break from Facebook once in a while.
E．As a result, the average Facebook users have 130 friends who they share links with.
F．Usually, when people hear the words “social networking”, their brains automatically go to sites such as Twitter or Facebook.
G．The main idea of Facebook is that you can keep in touch with all your friends around the world who have Facebook.
（2022下·北京房山·高二统考期中）Time management is all about making the most effective use of your time and working smarter. It requires planning, and then sticking to the plan — and that takes discipline (自律). 41
It’s important that you know what your short-term and long-term goals are — this will enable you to differentiate between what’s important and what’s not. 42 It's only when you know where you want to go and what you want to achieve that you can figure out exactly what needs to be done, and in what order.
Some people have the habit of putting off doing things. 43 It’s important to look at the causes of your postponement — is it because you re waiting for the right time or mood, or have just developed a very bad habit The only way to break a habit is to consistently act in other ways — so stop putting things off and just do it.
44 They can increase your productivity by 20 per cent, help to clear your mind, and save you energy and stress. Start your day by spending five to ten minutes planning your activities for the day — or, better still, prepare your list the evening before.
Write out your tasks to-do either on paper or on your computer. Focus on one task at a time. As you complete your tasks, cross them off. 45
Learning how to squeeze more into your day, and knowing how to make the most of your time is essential to your career and life balance.
A．It can give you a very satisfying feeling.
B．You need to be energetic in the activities.
C．It is a good method for you to make to-do lists.
D．You’d better figure out your strengths in your mind.
E．Here are some tips which can help you maximise your time.
F．For them, this bad behavior may be a major barrier to their success.
G．Once you have clear goals, you can prepare a series of actions to achieve them.
（2023下·北京朝阳·高二日坛中学校考期中）It had been a hard week for Jack. His parents had to cancel the family’s spring vacation to Disney World. 46 And he studied the wrong chapter for his science test. Jack pressed the play button on his CD player. As his favorite song played, Jack thought about the coming weekend. After a few minutes, he called to his sister in the next room. “Hey, how about playing basketball ”
47 The right song can make you smile and feel like getting up and dancing. It can also calm you down when you’re worried. Besides changing how you feel, music may help make your brain work better.
48 It may be because peopled bodies have natural rhythms, such as a heartbeat and pulse. Different kinds of music can affect you in different ways. Changing your mood can be as easy as pressing the “play” button.
Soft music with long, gentle notes is what many people play to relax. If you want to relax, try listening to nature sounds. 49 Maybe just hearing a single voice soothes you. At an exhibit in New York City, visitors can lie down on the city’s latest futon bed. They close their eyes, put on headphones, and listen to soft music, relaxing themselves.
Music can do more than just help them relax. Playing music while studying helps keep your brain in shape. When you listen to a sound, it travels from the ear to the brain by electrical signal and it involves learning, memory, and emotions. Experts suggest playing slow music to help you concentrate while you study. It may even improve your memory. 50 For example, if you’re reading a beautiful poem, playing light music may help you understand it better.
No matter what style of music you like, you can use it to help you. The right music can add to a good mood or turn around a bad day. Just ask Jack. After listening to his favorite song, he put his tough week behind him and played a great game of basketball with his sister.
A．Why does music have these powers
B．It may help make people healthy again.
C．His basketball team lost an important game.
D．Why can music help you stay longer in a place
E．Or look for music with a single instrument you like.
F．So try to match the type of music to the type of learning.
G．Music can be just what you need when you’re feeling down.
