2024届高考英语之时态语态课件(共26张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语之时态语态课件(共26张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-21 15:12:57 | ||
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(共26张PPT)
动词的时态和语态
Tense & Voice
一、被动语态（passive voice）
1.结构：
be+及物动词过去分词
The game is played by us.
I am attracted by English.
2.使用注意：
a.“感官动词或使役动词+宾语+省略to的动词不定式（宾补）”→
be+感官动词或使役动词的过去分词+带to的动词不定式
A girl saw my wallet drop.
→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl .
使役动词：使役动词表示一种引起发生的动作。换句话说，当我为自己做了一件事时，我就让它发生，或者我实际上什么都不做，而是请别人替我做。这就是使役动词的意义。
五看:look，see，watch，notice，observe
三使:have，make，let
两听:hear，listen to
一感觉:feel
半帮助:help
b. 接双宾语的动词改为被动语态
直接宾语(物)作主语 → 动词后要用介词（固定搭配）
例: He gave me a book.
→
My father bought me a new bike.
→
A book was given to me by him.
A new bike was bought for me by my father.
二、时态（tense）
一、一般现在时
1．一般现在时结构：
常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加 s或 es。
She is an engineer.
I always watch TV at 8：00 in the evening.
He has breakfast at 6：00 every day.
2．适用条件：
(1)经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态，通常与always，often，usually，every day，sometimes，once a week 等时间状语连用。
They go home once a week.
We are cute.
(2)表客观事实或普遍真理。
The light travels faster than the sound.
（3) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。
If you come this afternoon，we'll have a meeting.
When you come back, I'll tell you all about it.
1．The sun always (rise) in the east.
2．He often (wash) his clothes on Sundays.
3．We will start as soon as our team leader (come)．
rises
washes
comes
二、一般过去时
1．使用条件：表示在过去的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，last night...连用
I was sleepy last class.
I played games during the holiday.
2.结构：主语+动词过去式+其他
动词过去式不规则变化（见书最后几页)：
AAA型：cost-cost-cost,cut-cut-cut
AAB型：beat-beat-beaten
ABA型：become-became-become
ABB型：get-got-got
ABC型：begin-began-begun sing-sang-sung know-knew-known grow-grew-grown
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示：
a.现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作。通常与now，at present 等时间状语连用。
We are waiting for you.
She is writing a report this week.
b.表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr.Green is writing another novel.
2．基本结构：
be (am，is，are)＋ v． ing
You are listening to me carefully now.
四、过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时刻或某阶段时间正在进行的动作， 常与 at 6：00 yesterday等表示过去某一时刻或过去某阶段的时间连用。
2．结构：be (was/were) ＋v. ing
It was raining at 7：00 yesterday.
They were building a library last winter.
4．I (read) some newspaper at seven yesterday evening.
5．Now he (write) a book about New York.I don't think he will finish it.
6．Zhang Hua does a lot of housework every evening，but now he
(help) his schoolmates with their lessons.
was reading
is writing
is helping
五、现在完成时
1．句型结构：
have/has＋动词过去分词
I have watched 89 movies so far.
He has waited for her for 900 years.
I have heard from her recently.
I have already read this book.
I have not finished my homework yet.
2．使用条件
A.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
B.表示过去某时间已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，通常与时间状语up to now，recently，by+时间点， for+时间段，since +时间点，so far，already，yet，ever，just等连用。
六、过去完成时
含义：
表示“过去的过去”
2．句型结构：
had＋动词过去分词
The train had already left before we arrived.
Had you finished your job before that time
What had you done before you came here
七、一般将来时
1．表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next Sunday，soon，in a few days等连用
2．结构：
（1）will/shall＋V.原形 (shall常用于第一人称)
I shall go to Shanghai tomorrow.
They will have a meeting next week.
（2）be going to do sth
They are going to swim next Sunday.
（3）be about to＋V.原形 (此时通常不与表将来的时间状语连用)
I am about to leave school.
They are about to set out. (√)
They are about to set out soon.(×)
3．另外：还可以用其他时态表将来
(1)一般现在时表将来:
A.表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情:
come，go，arrive，leave，return（表示位置移动的词），start，begin. (如列车时刻表等)。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
B.在if，as soon as，until，when，before，after等引导的时间和条件状语从句中
When Bill comes，ask him to wait for me.
(2)现在进行时表将来:意为“意图”“打算”“安排”，常用于人。常用词为come，go，start，arrive，leave，stay等。
I'm leaving tomorrow.
八、过去将来时
1．过去将来时是立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。主要用于宾语从句中。
2．基本结构：
would/should/was/were going to ＋V.原形
He said that he would have a meeting next week.
He said that he would finish his work before 9 o'clock.
14．His grandfather (die) for thirty years.
15．Since you don't want to go，I (go) alone.
16．It's time you (have) a holiday.
17．His parents did not know why he (do) his homework so quickly.
18．Yesterday a man (hit) my car.
19．If we study hard，we (pass) the exam.
20．Bill said that he (do) his homework at half past seven yesterday evening.
has been dead
will go
had/should have
had done
hit
will pass
was doing
动词的时态和语态
Tense & Voice
一、被动语态（passive voice）
1.结构：
be+及物动词过去分词
The game is played by us.
I am attracted by English.
2.使用注意：
a.“感官动词或使役动词+宾语+省略to的动词不定式（宾补）”→
be+感官动词或使役动词的过去分词+带to的动词不定式
A girl saw my wallet drop.
→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl .
使役动词：使役动词表示一种引起发生的动作。换句话说，当我为自己做了一件事时，我就让它发生，或者我实际上什么都不做，而是请别人替我做。这就是使役动词的意义。
五看:look，see，watch，notice，observe
三使:have，make，let
两听:hear，listen to
一感觉:feel
半帮助:help
b. 接双宾语的动词改为被动语态
直接宾语(物)作主语 → 动词后要用介词（固定搭配）
例: He gave me a book.
→
My father bought me a new bike.
→
A book was given to me by him.
A new bike was bought for me by my father.
二、时态（tense）
一、一般现在时
1．一般现在时结构：
常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加 s或 es。
She is an engineer.
I always watch TV at 8：00 in the evening.
He has breakfast at 6：00 every day.
2．适用条件：
(1)经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态，通常与always，often，usually，every day，sometimes，once a week 等时间状语连用。
They go home once a week.
We are cute.
(2)表客观事实或普遍真理。
The light travels faster than the sound.
（3) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。
If you come this afternoon，we'll have a meeting.
When you come back, I'll tell you all about it.
1．The sun always (rise) in the east.
2．He often (wash) his clothes on Sundays.
3．We will start as soon as our team leader (come)．
rises
washes
comes
二、一般过去时
1．使用条件：表示在过去的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，last night...连用
I was sleepy last class.
I played games during the holiday.
2.结构：主语+动词过去式+其他
动词过去式不规则变化（见书最后几页)：
AAA型：cost-cost-cost,cut-cut-cut
AAB型：beat-beat-beaten
ABA型：become-became-become
ABB型：get-got-got
ABC型：begin-began-begun sing-sang-sung know-knew-known grow-grew-grown
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示：
a.现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作。通常与now，at present 等时间状语连用。
We are waiting for you.
She is writing a report this week.
b.表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr.Green is writing another novel.
2．基本结构：
be (am，is，are)＋ v． ing
You are listening to me carefully now.
四、过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时刻或某阶段时间正在进行的动作， 常与 at 6：00 yesterday等表示过去某一时刻或过去某阶段的时间连用。
2．结构：be (was/were) ＋v. ing
It was raining at 7：00 yesterday.
They were building a library last winter.
4．I (read) some newspaper at seven yesterday evening.
5．Now he (write) a book about New York.I don't think he will finish it.
6．Zhang Hua does a lot of housework every evening，but now he
(help) his schoolmates with their lessons.
was reading
is writing
is helping
五、现在完成时
1．句型结构：
have/has＋动词过去分词
I have watched 89 movies so far.
He has waited for her for 900 years.
I have heard from her recently.
I have already read this book.
I have not finished my homework yet.
2．使用条件
A.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
B.表示过去某时间已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，通常与时间状语up to now，recently，by+时间点， for+时间段，since +时间点，so far，already，yet，ever，just等连用。
六、过去完成时
含义：
表示“过去的过去”
2．句型结构：
had＋动词过去分词
The train had already left before we arrived.
Had you finished your job before that time
What had you done before you came here
七、一般将来时
1．表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next Sunday，soon，in a few days等连用
2．结构：
（1）will/shall＋V.原形 (shall常用于第一人称)
I shall go to Shanghai tomorrow.
They will have a meeting next week.
（2）be going to do sth
They are going to swim next Sunday.
（3）be about to＋V.原形 (此时通常不与表将来的时间状语连用)
I am about to leave school.
They are about to set out. (√)
They are about to set out soon.(×)
3．另外：还可以用其他时态表将来
(1)一般现在时表将来:
A.表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情:
come，go，arrive，leave，return（表示位置移动的词），start，begin. (如列车时刻表等)。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
B.在if，as soon as，until，when，before，after等引导的时间和条件状语从句中
When Bill comes，ask him to wait for me.
(2)现在进行时表将来:意为“意图”“打算”“安排”，常用于人。常用词为come，go，start，arrive，leave，stay等。
I'm leaving tomorrow.
八、过去将来时
1．过去将来时是立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。主要用于宾语从句中。
2．基本结构：
would/should/was/were going to ＋V.原形
He said that he would have a meeting next week.
He said that he would finish his work before 9 o'clock.
14．His grandfather (die) for thirty years.
15．Since you don't want to go，I (go) alone.
16．It's time you (have) a holiday.
17．His parents did not know why he (do) his homework so quickly.
18．Yesterday a man (hit) my car.
19．If we study hard，we (pass) the exam.
20．Bill said that he (do) his homework at half past seven yesterday evening.
has been dead
will go
had/should have
had done
hit
will pass
was doing