第10讲 八年级上Unit5-7【名师导航】2024中考英语教材梳理学案(人教新目标版)（含解析)

第10讲 八年级上 Unit 5--7
重点单词 sitcom ['s tk m] n.情景喜剧 (= situation comedy) news [nju z] n.新闻；消息 soap [s p] n.肥皂；肥皂剧 educational [ ed u'ke nl] adj.教育的；有教育意义的 plan [pl n] n.计划；方法v.打算；计划 hope [h p] .希望；期望；盼望n.希望 discussion [d 'sk n] n.讨论；谈论 stand [st nd] v.站立；忍受 happen ['h p n] vi.发生；碰巧；出现；偶遇 expect [ k'spekt] v.预期；期待；盼望 joke [d k] n.笑话；玩笑v.说笑话；开玩笑 comedy ['k m di] n.喜剧；滑稽；幽默事件 meaningless ['mi n l s] adj.无意义的；不重要 action [' k n] n.行为；活动 cartoon [kɑ 'tu n] n.卡通；漫画 culture ['k lt (r)] n.栽培；文化；教养 famous ['fe m s] adj.著名的；有名的 appear [ 'p (r)] vi.出现；出版；显得 successful [s k'sesfl] adj.成功的；圆满的 main [me n] adj.主要的；最重要的 reason ['ri zn] n.原因；理由 film [f lm] n.电影 unlucky [ n'l ki] adj.倒霉的；不幸的；不吉利 lose [lu z] vt.丢失；失败vi.失败 ready ['redi] adj.准备好的；乐意的 character ['k r kt (r)] n.个性；品质；人物； simple['s mpl] adj.简单的;朴素的;单纯的;笨的 computer programmer / 'pr gr m (r)/计算机程序设计员；编程人员 cook /k k/ n.厨师v.烹饪；煮 doctor /'d kt (r)/，/ 'dɑ:kt (r)/ 医生 engineer / ,end 'n / ，/end 'n r/ 工程师 violinist /'va 'l n st/小提琴手 driver / 'dra v (r)/ n.驾驶员；司机 pilot /'pa l t/ n.飞行员 pianist /'p n st/ n.钢琴家 scientist/'sa nt st/ n.科学家 college /' k l d /n.学院；大学；高等教育 education /'ed u'ke n/ n.教育 medicine /'medsn, 'med sn / n.药；医学 university /'ju:n 'v :rs ti/ n.(综合性)大学;高等学府 article /'ɑ:(r)t kl/ n.文章；论文 send /send/ v.邮寄，发送 resolution /,rez 'lu: n/ n.决心；决定 team /ti: m/ n.队；组 foreign /'f :r n/ daj.外国的 able /'e bl/ adj.能够 meaning /' mi:n / n. 意义；意思 discuss /d 'sk s/ v.讨论，商量 promise / pr m s/，/ 'pr a: m s/ n.承诺；诺言；v.许诺；承诺 beginning / b 'g n / n.开头；开端 improve / m'pruv/ v.改进，改善 agree / 'gri:/ v.同意；赞成；允许 own /o n/ adj&pron 自己的；本人的 personal /'p :(r)s nl/ adj.个人的;私人的 relationship /r 'le n p/ n.关系;联系 paper ['pe p r]n.纸；纸张 pollution[p 'lu n] n.污染；污染物 prediction[pr 'd k n] n.预言；预测 future['fju t r] n.将来；未来 pollute [p 'lu t]v.污染 environment[ n'va r nm nt] n.环境 planet['pl n t] n.行星 earth [ rθ]n.地球；世界 plant[pl nt] v.种植 n.植物 peace[pi s] n.和平 astronaut[' str n t] n.宇航员；航天员 apartment[ 'pɑ rtm nt]n.公寓套房 rocket ['rɑ k t]n.火箭 space [spe s]n.空间；太空 human['hju m n]adj.人的 n.人 servant ['s rv nt]n.仆人 dangerous ['de nd r s]adj.危险的；不安全的 already [ l'redi]adv.已经；早已 factory['f ktri] n.工厂 believe [b 'li v]v.相信；认为有可能 disagree[ d s 'ɡri ] v.不同意；持不同意见；有分歧 even['i vn] adv.甚至；连；愈加 agree[ 'gri ] v.同意、赞成、应允 shape [ e p]n.形状；外形 fall [f l]v.(fell/fel/) 倒塌；跌倒；掉落 inside [ n sa d] adv.&prep.在…里面 possible ['pɑ s bl]adj.可能的 impossible[ m'pɑ s bl] adj.不可能的 side [sa d] n.一方（的意见、态度、立场） probably['prɑ b bli] adv.大概；很可能 during [ dj r ] [ d r ]prep.在……期间 holiday['hɑ l de ] n.假期；假日
词汇拓展 educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的→education n. 教育→ educate v.教育 plan n.计划；方法v.打算；计划→ planned vp.→planned vpp.→ planning 现在分词 *plan to do计划做某事 *make a plan to do 计划做某事 hope 希望；期望；盼望n.希望 *hope to do discussion n.讨论；谈论→ discuss v. *have a discussion with sb about sth *discuss with sb about sth stand v.站立；忍受 *stand doing 忍受做某事 *can’t stand doing 无法忍受做某事 happen vi.发生；碰巧；出现；偶遇 *happen to sb *happen to do sth expect v.预期；期待；盼望→ expected adj.意料之中的→ unexpected adj.出乎意料之外的 *expect to do 期盼做某事 *be expected to do 应该做某事 meaningless adj.无意义的；不重要的→ meaningful adj.有意义的→ meaning n.意义→ mean v.含义 culture n.栽培；文化；教养→ cultural adj. appear vi.出现；出版；显得→ disappear v.小时→ appearance n.露面，到场；外表，外观 successful adj.成功的；圆满的→ successfully adv.→ success n.→ succeed v. *succeed in doing 成功做某事 main adj.主要的；最重要的→ mainly adv. unlucky adj.倒霉的；不幸的→lucky adj.幸运的→ luck n.运气→ luckily adv.幸运地 lose vt.丢失；失败vi.失败→lost vp.→lost vpp. ready adj.准备好的；乐意的 *be ready to do 准备好做某事 cook n.厨师v.烹饪；煮→cooker n.炊具，锅 violinist 小提琴手→violin n.小提琴 *play the violin拉小提琴 driver n.驾驶员；司机→drive v.驾驶 pianist n.钢琴家→piano *play the piano弹钢琴 scientist n.科学家→ science n.科学→scientific adj.科学的 medicine n.药；医学→ medical adj.医学的 send v.邮寄，发送→ sent vp.→ sent vpp. *send ab sth =send sth to sb foreign daj.外国的→ foreigner n.外国人 able adj.能够→ability v. →enable v. be able to 能够做某事 promise n.承诺；诺言；v.许诺；承诺 *promise to do *make a promise to do beginning n.开头；开端→ begin v. *at the beginning of 在……开始 agree v.同意；赞成；允许→ disagree v.不同意→ agreement n.同意 *agree with sb同意 *agree to so 同意去做 *be in agreement同意 own自己的；本人的→ own v.拥有 personal adj.个人的;私人的→ person n.人→ personality n.个性 pollution n.污染；污染物→ pollute v.→ polluted adj. prediction n.预言；预测→ predict v. *make a prediction environment n.环境→ environmental adj. *environmental problem 环境问题 peace n.和平→ peaceful adj. *in peace build 建筑；建造→ built vp.→ built vpp.→ building n. servant n.仆人 → serve v.服务→ servant n.服务 dangerous adj.危险的；不安全的→ danger n.危险→ endangered adj.濒危的 *be in (great) danger believe v.相信；认为有可能→ believable adj.可信的→ unbelievable adj.难以置信的 disagree v.不同意；持不同意见；有分歧→ agree v.同意→ agreement n. fall v. 倒塌；跌倒；掉落→ fell vp.→ fallen vpp.→ fallen adj.掉落的 *fall down 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌 *fall in love with 爱上 inside adv.&prep.在…里面→ outside在....外面 possible adj.可能的→ impossible adj.不可能的→ possibly adv.可能地 probably adv.大概；很可能→ probable adj.
重点短语 1. find out 查出/发现 2. be ready to do 准备做… 3. dress up 打扮/化妆成 4. take one's place 代替某人 5. do a good job 干的好/表演的出色 6. think of 想到/思考 7. game show 游戏节目 8. learn from 向…...学习 9. talk show 访谈节目 10. soap opera 肥皂剧 11. go on 继续 12. watch a movie 看电影 13. one of… 其中之一 14. try one’s best to =do one’s best to 竭尽全力 15. a pair of 一双 16. as famous as 一样闻名/出名 17. look like 看起来像 18. around the world 世界各地 19. have a discussion about 讨论…... 20. one day 有一天/某一天 21. such as 例如 22. a symbol of 一个象征/标志 23. something enjoyable 快乐的事情 24. interesting information 有趣的信息 25.on computers 在电脑上 26.on paper 在纸上 27.live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 28.free time 空闲时间 29.in danger 在危险中 30.on the earth 在世界上 31.play a part in sth 在某方面出力/做贡献 32.space station 太空站 33.look for 寻找 puter programmer 电脑程序师 35.in the future 在将来 36.hundreds of 成百上千的 37.the same…as 与…...一样 38. over and over again 反复 39.get bored 无聊 40.wake up 醒来/唤醒 42.look like 看起来像 42.fall down 倒下/落下 43.grow up 长大 44.every day 每天 45.be sure about 对某事确信 46.make sure 确信/有把握 47.send…to…把…...发送到...…/把...…寄…... 48.be able to 能/能够 49.the meaning of …...的意思/含义 50.different kinds of 不同种类的 51.have …..in common 有…共同点 52.at the beginning of 在…开始的时候 53.write down 写下/记下 54.have to do with 与….有关系 55.take up 开始从事/着手处理/接受 56.hardly ever 几乎不 57.too…to… 太......而不能......
重点句型 1. Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular. 2. Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger. Mickey. 3. Mickey was unlucky and had many problems such as losing his house or girlfriend. 4. However, he was always ready to try his best. 5. Most of them wanted to be like Mickey. 6. On November 18, 1978, Mickey became the first cartoon character to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. 7. Today’s cartoons are usually not so simple as little Mickey Mouse, but everyone still knows and loves him. 8. Who has a pair of ears more famous than Mickey’s 9. I think those movies are so meaningless. 10. I’d like to find out what different people think of a subject. 11. I hope to find out what’s going on around the world. 12. I hope to be a TV reporter one day. 13. I like to follow the story and see what happens next. 14. What do you want to be/ become when you grow up 15. I want to be a/an computer programmer/ bus driver/ basketball player... 16. My parents want me to be a doctor, but I’m not sure about that. 17. How are you going to do that 18. I’m going to practice basketball every day. 19. Where/ When are you going to study 20. I know why you’re so good at writing stories. 21. I’ m going to keep on writing stories. 22. Not everyone knows what they want to be. 23. Just make sure you try your best. 24. Then you can be anything you want. 25.For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 26. My New Year’s resolution is to get good grades. 27.What will the future be like 28.Cities will be more polluted. And there will be fewer trees. 29.Will people use money in 100 years No, they won’t. Everything will be free. 30.Will there be world peace 31.Yes, I hope so. 32.Kids will stuffy at home on computers. 33.They won’t go to school. 34. There will be more people. 35.There will be more pollution. 36.There will be fewer trees. 37.There will be less free time.
知识点
◆考点1 I don’t mind them.
mind作及物动词，意为“介意、照料、留神、注意”。常用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中，后面接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句。例如：
Would you mind opening the window 你介意打开窗户吗？
【拓展】
mind还可作名词，意为“智力、头脑、想法、意见”。例如：
He has quick mind. 他头脑敏锐。
Tom changed his mind at last. 最后Tom改变了主意。
◆精题巧练
1.(2020四川达州)4．— Mrs. Smith, I have some _________ sleeping. Would you mind ________ the music a bit, please
— OK, of course not.
A．troubles；turning up B．trouble；turning down
C．problem；to turn down D．problems；turning off
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——史密斯太太，我入睡有点困难。你介意把音乐声关小一点吗？ ——好的，当然不介意。
考查固定搭配。have trouble/ problems/ difficulties (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，其中trouble为不可数名词，第一个空格前为some，故A、C选项可排除。根据句中a bit提示，第二个空是指将音乐声调小，而不是关掉音乐，且Would you mind doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“做这事你介意吗？”，故第二个空应填入turning down，故选B。
2.(2020湖北宜昌)3．—Would you _______ opening the window Get more fresh air.
—Of course not. I’ll do it right away.
A.consider B．practice C．suggest D．mind
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你介意打开窗户吗？多呼吸点新鲜空气。——当然不介意。我马上去开窗。
考查动词辨析。consider考虑；practice练习；suggest建议；mind介意。根据答句中“Of course not. I’ll do it right away.”表示“当然不，我马上去开窗”，可推出问句是问是否介意开窗，用mind符合题意。Would you mind doing sth. 你介意做某事吗？是固定句式。故选D。
◆考点2 one of the main reasons is that….
one of…意为“……中的一个”或“……之一”，后接复数名词，当名词前有形容词修饰时，形容词应用其最高级形式。one of…作主语时，应看成单数。例如：
One of the girls is my sister. 这群女孩当中有一个是我的妹妹。
Mike is one of the tallest students in our class.迈克是我们班最高的学生之一。
◆精题巧练
1.(2020湖北恩施)2．Wuhan, one of the most important ________ in China, is famous for the Yellow Crane Tower.
A.cities B．citys C．city
【答案】A
【解析】句意：武汉是中国最重要的城市之一，以黄鹤楼而闻名。
本题考查名词复数。city城市，以辅音字母加y结尾，变复数时，把y变为i再加es，city的复数为cities。one of the +形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示最的之一。故选A。
◆考点3 Because I hope to find out what’s ...
hope意为“希望”，用于表示有可能实现的愿望，其后可接不定式或宾语从句，但表达“希望别人做某事”时，需用hope that从句。例如：I hope you can pass the exam. 我希望你能通过考试。
例如：
My mother wishes/hopes to find her lost watch somewhere.我妈妈希望在什么地方找到她丢失的手表。
I wish you to finish the work in time.我希望你及时完成这项工作。
◆考点4 He was always ready to…
ready是形容词，意为“有准备的”。be always ready to do sth. 表示“乐于做某事”。例如：
She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。
【拓展】
（1）get ready for意为“为……做准备”，强调动作。例如：
The farmers are getting ready for the next year.农民们正在为明年做准备。
（2）be ready for意为“为……做好了准备”，强调状态。例如：
They are ready for the party. 他们为聚会做好了准备。
（3）get sth. ready意为“把某物准备好”。例如：
Please get your school things ready. 请把学习用具准备好。
◆精题巧练
(2020广西桂林)53．We have already________（发送）spaceships to Mars.
【答案】sent/launched
【解析】句意：我们已经向火星发送了宇宙飞船。根据句意和中文提示可知，这里用动词“发送”send或launch；结合空前have already以及句意和语境可知，本句用现在完成时，即have done，所以send或launch要用其过去分词的形式：send的过去分词是sent，launch的过去分词是launched。故填sent/launched。
◆考点5 have … in common
have…in common意为“在……有共同之处。”中间常加much，something，nothing等不定代词表示“有很多、一些共同之处或没有共同之处”。例如：
They are brothers, but they have nothing in common. 他们虽然是兄弟，但却没有一点共同之处。
【拓展】
common还有“普通的，常见的，一般的（无比较级）”的意思。例如：
It’s a common mistake. 这是常见的错误。
◆考点6 There are different kinds of resolutions.
kinds of 意为“多样的”，其中的kind为可数名词，意为“种类”；其常用搭配为：a kind of 意为“一种”；all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。常用来修饰名词。例如：
This is a kind of bird. 这是一种鸟。
There are all kinds of birds in the tree. 树上有各种各样的鸟。
【拓展】
kind of意为“有点”，相当于“a little”。例如：
I am kind of hungry. = I am a little hungry.我有点饿了。
◆考点7 They are going to take up a hobby.
take up意为“学着做；开始做”。例如：
I want to take up painting during the holiday. 我想在假期学习绘画。
【拓展】
take up还可意为“占据；占用”。例如：
The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地方。
◆考点8 There will be…
There will be是there be句型的将来时形式，也可用there is/are going to be…来表将来时。例如：
There will / are going to be a lot of personal cars in our town.在我们小镇上将有许多私家车。
There will/is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow.明天我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
【注意】
there与be动词连用表示“有”，不能与have连用出现在同一句话中。
◆考点9 However, some scientists believe that although we can make robots move like people…
此句中make作使役动词，make sb. do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，后接省略to的动词不定式，类似的动词还有let，have等。例如：
The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。
They madeus forget the past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。
【注意】make在被动用法中，动词前必须要加上to。例如：
She is made to repeat the whole story.她被要求重述一遍整个故事。
◆精题巧练
1.【2023山东东营】5. A new study shows that sunshine can make men feel ________. They will eat more food after receiving UVB rays (紫外线) from the sun.
A. hot B. sick C. sleepy D. hungry
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：一项新的研究表明，阳光会让人感到饥饿。在接受了来自太阳的紫外线后，他们会吃更多的食物。hot热的；sick生病的；sleepy瞌睡的；hungry饥饿的。根据“They will eat more food after receiving UVB rays from the sun.”可知吃更多食物是因为阳光使人感到饥饿。故选D。
◆考点10 Scientists are now trying to make robots look like humans…
try意为“努力、试图、尽力做某事”。可作及物动词或不及物动词。作及物动词时，可构成以下结构：
try sth. 尝试某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事：
例如：
I’ve tried the new machine. 我已经试过了这台新机器。
We’ll try to answer all the questions. 我们将尽量回答所有的问题。
We tried growing our own vegetables. 我们尝试自己种菜。
【拓展】try的相关短语：
try one’s best to do sth. 相当于do one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大努力……”。
try on试穿 try out 试用，试验 have a try 试一试
◆考点11 Some will look like humans,and others might look like animals.
look like意为“看起来像……” 应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：
He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。
That bicycle looks just like the one I used to have. 那个自行车看起来像我曾经拥有的那个。
It looks like it's going to rain soon. 天看起来要下雨。
【拓展】
(1)take after意为“像……，与……相似”。最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：
She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。
Adam is my grandfather and I take after him. 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像
(2)be similar to意为“与……相似”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：
His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。
◆精题巧练
【2023湖北省荆州市】8. —Jimmy, the bikes you gave away to the poor kids help them a lot. What gave you the idea
—I guess I _______ my father. He always volunteers to help people.
A. take after B. look after C. talk back D. turn down
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：——Jimmy，你送给贫穷的 孩子们的自行车帮了他们很大的忙。是什么让你有了这个想法？——我猜我像我的爸爸。他总是自愿帮助别人。take after像；look after照顾；talk back还口；turn down关小。根据“He always volunteers to help people.”可知，应该是像他的父亲。故选A。
语法点
◆ 一般将来时☆☆☆
概念
表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。
基本用法
用法 示例
will/shall+do 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态（往往指事先未思考或计划过的意图）。 英式英语中shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称；美式英语中will可用于各种人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。
be going to do 表示计划、打算去做某事（往往指当前计划过或思考过的意图或打算）；还可以表示客观迹象表明必将要发生某事。
时间状语：
1. tomorrow, the day after tomorrow 明天，后天
2. next week/ month/ year 下周/月/年
3. in +时间段（对其提问用how soon）：in two days 两天后
4. in +过去时间点：in 2020在2020年
5. soon 不久以后
6. in (the) future 将来、未来
句子结构
will do be going to do
肯定式 主语+ will do… 主语+ be going to do…
否定式 主语+ will + not + do… 主语+ be + not + going to do…
疑问式 Will +主语+do… Be+主语+ going to do …
五．表将来时的其它形式：
1. 现在进行时表将来
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时：go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, finish, end, arrive.
例：She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 她明天将会到达上海。
The bus is coming. 公交车要来了。
2. 一般现在时表将来
1). 下列动词的一般现在时可以表示将来：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。
2). if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
例：If it doesn’t rain, we will go swimming tomorrow.假如明天不下雨，我们就去游泳。
3. be about to do 表示马上就要发生的事。一般不再与具体的时间状语连用。
例：Don’t go out. We’re about to have dinner. 别出去了，我们很快就要吃饭了。
4. be to do表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。
例：The president is to visit China next week. 总统下周来访问中国。
◆精题巧练
1.【2023江苏连云港】5. To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year.
A. plant B. will plant C. are planted D. will be planted
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时被动语态。句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。
2.【2023四川达州市】6. —Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in two days
—He won’t, unless he ________.
A. will attend, is invited B. attends, will be invited C. will attend, invites
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——你介意告诉我他两天后是否会参加会议吗？——除非有人邀请，否则他不会参加的。第一处if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，结合“in two days”可知，用一般将来时“will do”，排除B；分析“He won’t, unless he...”可知，该句是以unless引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，从句主语he是动作的承受者，所以用一般现在时被动语态“is done”，故选A。
3.【2023天津】12. Some photos of the moon ________ in the Space Club next week.
A. shows B. is showing C. were shown D. will be shown
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：一些月球的照片将于下周在太空俱乐部展出。根据“next week”可知句子应用一般将来时，主语Some photos of the moon与动词show存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：will be+过去分词。故选D。
4.【2023江西省】2. I’ve just got two tickets! I ________ to see the new movie with Tony.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：我刚买了两张票！我将和托尼一起去看这部新电影。根据“I’ve just got two tickets!”可知，这里指刚买了两张票，所以是将要去看电影，应用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，故选C。
5.【2023湖北省武汉】4. —The car will not start. What can I do
—Don’t worry. Tom and I ________ it a push.
A. give B. gave C. have given D. will give
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——汽车发动不了。我怎么办呢？——别担心。汤姆和我会推它的。根据“The car will not start. What can I do ”可知“汤姆和我会去推车”，应用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故选D。
6.【2023河北省】4. I ________ ice skating this Sunday. Do you want to come
A. go B. went C. was going D. will go
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：这个星期天我要去滑冰。你想来吗？根据“Do you want to come”可知动作还未发生，用一般将来时will do。故选D。
7.【2023福建省】7. Modern technologies ________ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023.
A. were used B. are using C. will be used
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：现代技术将在2023年9月举行的第19届亚运会上使用。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“in September, 2023”可知，是将来时，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
8.【2023黑龙江绥化市】20. I don’t know if it ________ sunny tomorrow. If it ________ sunny, I will go fishing.
A. will be; is B. is; will be C. will be; is going to be
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：我不知道明天否晴天。如果晴天，我会去钓鱼。第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，主句是现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知宾语从句中用一般将来时will do，排除B；第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，排除C。故选A。
9.【2023辽宁沈阳】8. After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy!
A. have B. have had C. had D. will have
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这次考试后，你下个月将有一个美好的假期。别紧张！
根据“next month”可知，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do。故选D。
10.【2023北京】9. If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ________ a great time there.
A. have B. had C. will have D. have had
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：如果你明天和我们一起去听音乐会，你会玩得很开心的。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故选C。
◆ 动词不定式的主要用法☆☆☆☆☆
一．动词不定式在句子中不能独立充当谓语, 没有人称和数的变化。
二．动词不定式是由“to+do(动词原形)”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+to do”(此时not不能再与助动词连用)。
三．基本构成
形式 结构 例句
肯定形式 to+动词原形 The teacher asked his students to finish their homework on time. 老师让学生们按时完成作业。
否定形式 not to+动词原形 Aunt Li often tells her son not to eat too much sugar. 李阿姨经告诫她的儿子不要吃太多的糖。
被动形式 to+be+过去分词 He would like to be treated as a child.他喜欢被当成孩子般看待。
四．动词不定式的语法功能
动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
不定式的作用 例句
作主语 ①To learn is very important. ②To drive in the right is not allowed here. 注意：①不定式作主语时，可置句首。 ②如果过长，可采用it作形式主语，不定式后置的结构。 ※重点句式：1.It is/was+adj./n.+ to do（做什么。。是。。） ①It was difficult to answer the question. ※重点句式：2.It is/was+ adj.+ for sth./sb. +to do. 3.It is/was + adj.+ of sb.to do ①It is necessary for this door to be locked. ②It is very kind of you to help me. 4. It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do sth. 5. sb.+ be + adj. + to do sth. 6. think/find + it +adj.+ to do sth.
作表语 The most important thing is not to give up.
作宾语 ①I want to swim in the pool. ②They intend to postpone the trip. ③A good translator is hard to find.
作定语 ②Give him an ornament to polish. ②I need a volunteer to take the minutes.
作状语 ①The officer returned to help.（目的状语） ②My parents will be happy to meet you.（原因状语）
注意：动词不定式在一些感官动词（see, watch, hear等）或使役动词（make, let, have等）的后面，做宾补时，通常会省略to，如：
The boss made me work ten hours a day.=I was made to work ten hours a day by the boss.
易错点
1. 形式主语的使用
在It+is/ was+adj. for sb. to do的结构中，若形容词为表示人的内在品质，则介词不用for而用of，如：
It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那么做真是太聪明了。（正确）
2. 使役动词省略to的不定式的被动形式
一些使役动词的不定式中to可省略，被动需还原，如：
I was made to finish my homework on time by my teacher.（正确）老师让我按时完成作业。
◆精题巧练
1.【2023江苏扬州】6. Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club.
A. join B. joining C. to join D. to joining
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。
2.【2023四川自贡市】8. —Mike, we are told not ________ the phone while crossing the street.
—I am sorry. I won’t do it again.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词语句意：——迈克，我们被告知过马路时不要接电话。——对不起。我不会再这样做了。be told not to do sth“被告知不要做某事”，故选B。
.3【2023四川泸州市】5.— What are you going to do this summer vacation
— I plan ________ Hua Hua, a nearly 3-year-old lovely panda in Chengdu.
A. see B. saw C. seeing D. to see
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我计划去成都看一只将近3岁的可爱熊猫花花。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，空格处为动词不定式作宾语。故选D。
4.【2023四川凉山州】2. The twins look the same, even their father finds ________ difficult to tell them from each other.
A. that B. this C. it
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词。句意：这对双胞胎长得太像了，甚至他们的父亲认为很难把他们区别开来。that那个；this这个；it它。find it +形容词+to do sth表示“认为做某事是……的”，it是形式宾语，to do sth是真正宾语，故选C。
5.【2023湖南省郴州】9. —Are you going to read the book Journey to the West
—Yes. Our teacher expects us ________ such traditional Chinese books.
A. read B. reading C. to read
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你打算读《西游记》吗？——是的。我们老师希望我们读这样的中国传统书籍。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式，故选C。
6.【2023天津】8. David learnt ________ when he was five.
A. swim B. swims C. swam D. to swim
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：大卫五岁时学习游泳。learn to do sth“学习做某事”，为固定短语，故选D。
7.【2023云南省】9. Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. prepare
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天是父亲节，我打算为父亲准备一顿晚餐。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，为固定短语，故选A。
8.【2023福建省】11. It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A. send B. sending C. to send
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，为固定短语，故选C。
9.【2023湖北孝感市】5. —Safety is very important to all of us.
—I agree. We students should learn ________ ourselves in the daily life.
A. where to hold B. what to visit C. how to protect D. why to help
【答案】C
【解析】考查疑问词+动词不定式。句意：——安全对我们所有人来说都非常重要。——我同意。我们学生应该学会如何在日常生活中保护自己。where to hold在哪里举行；what to visit参观什么；how to protect如何保护；why to help为什么帮忙。根据“ourselves in the daily life”可知此处应是指在日常生活中保护自己，应用动词protect表示“保护”。故选C。
10.【2023湖南省株洲市】9. Today, we must continue working ________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，我们必须继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。根据“our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear”可知蓝天、碧水、净土是继续工作的目的，空格处应用动词不定式表目的。故选B。