整合集训（18）2024年高中英语高三每日精选精练40分钟
（高频词30+阅读理解1+七选五1+完形填空1+语法填空+精选作文1）
英语（解析版）
高频词30
decent a.像样的,体面的
shallow a.浅的
nonsense n.胡说,冒失的行动
grant vt.授予,同意,准予
jealous a.妒忌的
partial a.部分的
mist n.薄雾
quotation n.引文,引语
minimum a.最低的,最小的
spray v.喷,（使）溅散
invade v.侵入,侵略,侵袭
prompt vt.促使 a敏捷的,及时的
entitle vt.给...权利,给...资格
equivalent a.相等的 a.相等物
shiver vi./n.发抖
recruit vt.招募,吸收（新成员）
bunch n.群,伙；束,串
maximum a.最高的,最大的
notion n.概念；意图,想法
external a.外部的,外表的,外面的
joint a.连接的；共同的
neutral a.中立的,中性的
dash vi.猛冲,飞奔
regulate vt.管理,调节
modest a.谦虚道
leak v.漏,渗出
internal a.内部的,国内的
yield vi.(to)屈服于；让出,放弃 n.产量
humble a谦逊的；谦虚的
split v.劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的
阅读理解1
(2021·吉林长春市高三三模)It's hard to turn down hamburgers, French fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call out to us. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you're between the ages of 10 and 19.
“Junk food shapes adolescent brains in ways that weaken their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive behaviors，” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teen's risk of depression and anxiety.”
Reichelt and two other researchers found adolescents are more sensitive than any other age group to process foods with a lot of fat and sugar. Adolescent brains are still developing the ability to assess risks and control actions. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn't eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge. But this region is the last to mature—it doesn't fully develop until we are in our early 20s. Meanwhile, teen brains get more active from rewards for a while. The parts of the brain that make us feel good when we do something pleasurable are fully developed by the teen years.
In fact, these regions are even more sensitive when we are young. That's because dopamine (多巴胺), a natural chemical that lifts our mood when we experience something good, is especially active in adolescent brains. Therefore, the teen brain has two strikes against it when it comes to resisting junk food. “It has a heightened drive for rewards and reduced self－regulation，” said Reichelt.
So, what's the best way to say no to junk food Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain's reward system becomes less sensitive to food. Exercise also cause the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and boosts connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses.
1．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．The effects of eating junk food.
B．The causes of favouring junk food.
C．The tendency of sharing junk food.
D．The benefits of avoiding junk food.
2．What is the function of the prefrontal cortex
A．It serves as the sense of taste.
B．It promotes teenagers' spirits.
C．It is partly in charge of self－control.
D．It helps teenagers grow physically mature.
3．What does “it” refer to in the third paragraph
A．The prefrontal cortex.
B．The urge.
C．The adolescent brain.
D．The body.
4．Why is it hard for teens to give up junk food
A．Junk food is delicious and nutritious.
B．Junk food is popular among young people.
C．Teenagers don't realize the harm of junk food.
D．Teenagers can feel temporary excitement from junk food.
ACAD
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家最新研究表明，垃圾食品不仅对身体不好，甚至会对大脑造成负面影响，造成记忆减退和认知能力下降，而且对青少年的影响尤为明显。
1．A 段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，垃圾食品会损伤思维、学习和记忆的能力进而影响青少年大脑发育。它也会使控制冲动行为变得更加困难，并增加青少年患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险。由此可知，本段主要介绍了吃垃圾食品的影响。故选A。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn't eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge.(前额叶皮层是大脑的一部分，它告诉我们不应该一直吃薯片，并帮助我们抵制这种冲动。)”可知，前额叶皮层能帮助我们抵制吃薯片的冲动。由此可知，它在一定程度上掌管着自我控制能力。故选C。
3．A 指代判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn't eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge. But this region is the last to mature—it doesn't fully develop until we are in our early 20s.(前额叶皮层是大脑的一部分，它告诉我们不应该一直吃薯片，并帮助我们抵制这种冲动。但是这一区域是最后发育成熟的部分——要到我们二十岁出头，它才完全发育好。)”可知，此处it代指上文提到的the prefrontal cortex(前额叶皮层)。故选A。
4．D 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，多巴胺是一种天然的化学物质，当我们体验到美好的事物时，它能提升我们的情绪，在青少年的大脑中尤其活跃。因此，在抵制垃圾食品方面，青少年的大脑有两个劣势。大脑加强了获得奖励的冲动而降低了自我调节能力。由此可推知，从垃圾食品中感受到的暂时的兴奋让青少年难以拒绝垃圾食品。故选D。
七选五1
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·河南郑州市高三三模)It is so easy to get comfortable and stuck in our comfort zones. We know what we like; we know what to expect; we know where we'll do well and we stay there. Outside of this zone are risks and fears. 1
This works sometimes. However, while the zone outside of where we are comfortable might be scary and risky, it is also the area of growth. 2
3 Over two days, we worked with the group and helped them see how they were limiting themselves, their lives and their careers by unknowingly staying with what they knew and where they were comfortable. We put them in awkward situations, asked them tough questions and helped them feel ill at ease until they got more comfortable with that. 4 At last they identified what they wanted was out of their comfort zones.
I saw then, as I have seen so many times in my own life and in the lives of others, that there is so much possibility when we stretch and try. We may need to build up to it. We may need to gather support and encouragement. 5 But when we do, and when we reach beyond where we usually comfortably stay, we find ourselves in a zone of opportunity (机会). We find so much of what we want.
Take at least two actions that put you outside of your comfort zones and get you closer to what you want.
A．Opportunity zones are where dangers lie.
B．So, we continue where we are with what we know.
C．We may need to take steps to get closer to our goals.
D．However, most people are used to staying in their comfort zones.
E．It is our opportunity zone, with so much potential and possibility.
F．We pushed them beyond where they were both physically and mentally.
G．We once designed a program to push people to step out of their comfort zones.
BEGFC
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了舒适圈的定义和走出舒适圈的必要性。
1．B 根据设空处上文“Outside of this zone are risks and fears.(这个区域之外是风险和恐惧。)”可知，设空处应讲因为舒适圈外的区域很危险，所以人们会继续待在舒适区。B项(所以，我们继续待在我们所了解的地方。)承接上文。故选B。
2．E 根据设空处上文“However, while the zone outside of where we are comfortable might be scary and risky, it is also the area of growth.(然而，尽管我们感到舒适的区域之外可能是可怕的、有风险的，但它也是成长的区域。)”可知，设空处应讲舒适圈之外更容易成长。E项(这是我们的机会区，有如此多的潜力和可能性。)承接上文。故选E。
3．G 根据设空处下文“we worked with the group and helped them see how they were limiting themselves, their lives and their careers by unknowingly staying with what they knew and where they were comfortable(我们和这个小组一起工作，帮助他们认识到，不知不觉地待在熟悉且感到舒适的地方是如何限制了自身以及生活和职业的)”可知，设空处应与把人们推出舒适圈的项目有关。G项(我们曾经设计了一个项目来推动人们走出他们的舒适区。)引出下文。下文中的“the group”指G项中的“people”。故选G。
4．F 根据设空处上文“We put them in awkward situations, asked them tough questions and helped them feel ill at ease until they got more comfortable with that.(我们把他们放在尴尬的环境中，问他们尖锐的问题，让他们感到不自在，直到他们适应了。)”可知，设空处应归纳总结项目的实施方式。F项(我们把他们推出身体和精神的舒适圈。)承接上文。故选F。
5．C 根据设空处上文“We may need to build up to it. We may need to gather support and encouragement.(我们可能需要慢慢来。我们可能需要获得支持和鼓励。)”可知，设空处应讲我们可能需要如何做。C项(我们可能需要采取措施来更接近我们的目标。)承接上文。故选C。
完形填空1
(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up, I learned how to be stronger and be a better version of myself. __1__， how I felt or the pain I felt was really __2__within each passing day but I longed for being understood. I could do nothing for people and felt useless about everything in my life. It made me feel __3__. People never really __4__ to me any more as I started caring less. As a result, the sympathy and soft mind I had for people started to __5__.
Waking up one bright morning and looking through the windows at the left, I saw the __6__ as the sun brightened up the clouds and people went to and from __7__ locations. I forgot my __8__ and felt quite happy. Although the previous night I had __9__， this morning I thought tears __10__ could solve nothing.
I began to think __11__ me that I was better. I was __12__ and deserved more than silver or gold. I __13__ in myself and I said just this one thing I was not going to die. Why Because the hope of being a better version of myself was within and it kept me __14__ forward. I believed I would be truly happy and get a real __15__， meet the perfect dreams.
1．A.Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Instead
2．A.misunderstood B．expected
C．guessed D．ignored
3．A.puzzled B．interested
C．encouraged D．annoyed
4．A.attended B．mattered
C．bowed D．apologized
5．A.appear B．approach
C．fade away D．die out
6．A.wonders B．inventions
C．curtains D．sufferings
7．A.deserted B．certain
C．formal D．different
8．A.sadness B．rudeness
C．kindness D．coldness
9．A.read B．slept
C．danced D．cried
10．A.gradually B．generally
C．obviously D．officially
11．A.beyond B．within
C．despite D．unlike
12．A.special B．straight
C．stubborn D．patient
13．A.called B．took
C．joined D．believed
14．A.planning B．putting
C．moving D．bringing
15．A.fame B．variety
C．pity D．smile
BADBC ADADC BADCD
本文是一篇记叙文。作者有的时候觉得自己不被理解所以慢慢不再关注周围的人。但是有一天醒来，他看到了阳光下世界的美，于是重燃对生活的希望，从而重拾快乐。
1．B前一句话说到了自己想要成为更好的自己，后文说到自己的痛苦不被别人理解，所以前后两句是转折关系，因此使用However。
2．A由后文的but I longed for being understood 可知，作者的一系列消极表现都来自他的不被理解(misunderstood)。
3．D由 I could do nothing for people and felt useless...可知，这种感觉让作者感到很烦恼(annoyed)。
4．B由后文的as I started caring less可知，作者认为周围的人对他来说都不重要了(mattered)。
5．C由前文的I started caring less可知，作者对别人的同情和柔软的心开始消退(fade away)。
6．A在一个阳光明媚的早晨醒来，透过左边的窗户，作者看到了太阳照亮的云层和来往于不同地点的人们带来的奇观(wonders)。
7．D
解析：大街上来来往往的人是来自不同(different)地方的人。
8．A由前文的叙述可知，作者以前因为别人的不理解而感到沮丧和伤心，但是作者看到了这个世界的精彩之后忘记了自己的伤心(sadness)。
9．D：由后文的tears可知，作者前一天晚上哭了(cried)。
10．C作者看到了街上的人们过着自己的生活，所以认为眼泪明显(obviously)解决不了任何问题。
11．B看到了世界的精彩和自己一直以来悲观的做法，作者开始进行发自内心(within)的思考。
12．A由后文的deserved more than silver or gold可知，作者认为自己是特殊的(special)。
13．D由后文的I said just this one thing I was not going to die和meet the perfect dreams可知，作者信任自己。believe in“信任”。
14．C成为一个更好的自己的希望是内在的，这让作者不断前进(moving)，变得更强大。
D由前文的I would be truly happy可知，作者会得到真正的微笑(smile)。
语法填空1
(2023·安徽省舒城中学高三模拟)Residents of Xiazhuang, Chongqing, used to risk their 1 (life) whenever they ventured out of the mountain village surrounded by steep cliffs (悬崖) about 1,000 meters high. It was Mao Xianglin, head of the village, 2 gathered nearly all Xiazhuang's 400 villagers for a meeting in 1997 and suggested building a road 3 (snake) along the mountains. The 8 kilometer long road links the village, located at the bottom of a valley, 4 the outside world. Before it was built, it usually took the villagers more than a full day to access the outside world. Now it only needs 5 one hour drive.
The construction work was rather more difficult than they imagined. Standing on the edge of the cliff, they were 6 (extreme) terrified with their legs shaking. However, when there was a dangerous situation, Mao was always the first 7 (go). After 7 years of wrestling with severe challenges, the road 8 (complete) in 2004, which is not only a road but a route to overcome 9 (poor). Nowadays the villagers are much 10 (well off) than before by selling agricultural products through livestreaming.
lives 2．who/that 3．snaking 4．to 5．a
6．extremely 7．to go 8．was completed 9．poverty 10．better off
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了重庆市下庄村党支部书记毛相林带领乡亲修建山路，脱贫致富。
1．lives 考查名词。句意：重庆下庄的居民们过去走出这个被约1,000米高的悬崖环绕的山村常常需要冒着生命危险。名词life表示“生命”时，为可数名词，根据前面的their可知，应用名词的复数。故填lives。
2．who/that 考查强调句型。此处为强调句型，强调了主语Mao Xianglin, head of the village，指人，故填who/that。
3．snaking 考查非谓语动词。句意：1997年，下庄村村长毛相林召集几乎所有400名村民开会，建议修建一条蜿蜒的山路。名词road与snake之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填snaking。
4．to 考查介词。句意：位于山谷底部，这条8公里长的公路将村庄与外界连接起来。link ... to ... “把……与……连接起来”。故填to。
5．a 考查冠词。句意：现在它仅需要1小时的车程。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且one的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
6．extremely 考查词性转换。句意：他们站在悬崖边上，两腿发抖，吓得要命。修饰形容词terrified要用副词。故填extremely。
7．to go 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在危险的情况下，毛相林总是第一个走上去。序数词first后应用不定式作定语。故填to go。
8．was completed 考查动词的时态和语态。根据in 2004可知，应用一般过去时；主语road与complete之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was completed。
9．poverty 考查词性转换。句意：经过7年艰苦卓绝的努力，这条公路于2004年竣工。这不仅是一条道路，更是一条克服贫困的道路。动词overcome后接名词作宾语。故填poverty。
10．better off 考查形容词的比较级。句意：如今，通过直播销售农产品，村民们比以前富裕多了。根据介词than可知，用形容词的比较级。故填better off。
精选作文1
（满分15分）
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2022·云南省云天化中学高三摸底测试)假定你是李华，你的加拿大网友Jack想了解你所在社区的垃圾分类(garbage classification)开展情况。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1．活动开始时间；
2．活动开展情况；
3．活动后社区变化。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[精彩范文]
Dear Jack，
I am delighted to receive your letter asking about how the garbage classification is going on in our community. Now I am writing to share with you the details at your request.
The campaign has been launched for months in our neighborhood. Initially, the local government advertises the importance of the activity. Meanwhile, volunteers are trained to help carry out the project. Gradually, the residents here can accurately distinguish different kinds of rubbish and accordingly throw the waste into dustbins which are placed at the main entrances.
Thanks to the joint efforts, our community takes on a brand new look.
Yours，
Li Hua整合集训（18）2024年高中英语高三每日精选精练40分钟
（高频词30+阅读理解1+七选五1+完形填空1+语法填空+精选作文1）
英语（原卷版）
高频词30
decent a.像样的,体面的
shallow a.浅的
nonsense n.胡说,冒失的行动
grant vt.授予,同意,准予
jealous a.妒忌的
partial a.部分的
mist n.薄雾
quotation n.引文,引语
minimum a.最低的,最小的
spray v.喷,（使）溅散
invade v.侵入,侵略,侵袭
prompt vt.促使 a敏捷的,及时的
entitle vt.给...权利,给...资格
equivalent a.相等的 a.相等物
shiver vi./n.发抖
recruit vt.招募,吸收（新成员）
bunch n.群,伙；束,串
maximum a.最高的,最大的
notion n.概念；意图,想法
external a.外部的,外表的,外面的
joint a.连接的；共同的
neutral a.中立的,中性的
dash vi.猛冲,飞奔
regulate vt.管理,调节
modest a.谦虚道
leak v.漏,渗出
internal a.内部的,国内的
yield vi.(to)屈服于；让出,放弃 n.产量
humble a谦逊的；谦虚的
split v.劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的
阅读理解1
(2021·吉林长春市高三三模)It's hard to turn down hamburgers, French fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call out to us. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you're between the ages of 10 and 19.
“Junk food shapes adolescent brains in ways that weaken their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive behaviors，” said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teen's risk of depression and anxiety.”
Reichelt and two other researchers found adolescents are more sensitive than any other age group to process foods with a lot of fat and sugar. Adolescent brains are still developing the ability to assess risks and control actions. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn't eat chips all the time and helps us resist that urge. But this region is the last to mature—it doesn't fully develop until we are in our early 20s. Meanwhile, teen brains get more active from rewards for a while. The parts of the brain that make us feel good when we do something pleasurable are fully developed by the teen years.
In fact, these regions are even more sensitive when we are young. That's because dopamine (多巴胺), a natural chemical that lifts our mood when we experience something good, is especially active in adolescent brains. Therefore, the teen brain has two strikes against it when it comes to resisting junk food. “It has a heightened drive for rewards and reduced self－regulation，” said Reichelt.
So, what's the best way to say no to junk food Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain's reward system becomes less sensitive to food. Exercise also cause the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and boosts connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses.
1．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．The effects of eating junk food.
B．The causes of favouring junk food.
C．The tendency of sharing junk food.
D．The benefits of avoiding junk food.
2．What is the function of the prefrontal cortex
A．It serves as the sense of taste.
B．It promotes teenagers' spirits.
C．It is partly in charge of self－control.
D．It helps teenagers grow physically mature.
3．What does “it” refer to in the third paragraph
A．The prefrontal cortex.
B．The urge.
C．The adolescent brain.
D．The body.
4．Why is it hard for teens to give up junk food
A．Junk food is delicious and nutritious.
B．Junk food is popular among young people.
C．Teenagers don't realize the harm of junk food.
D．Teenagers can feel temporary excitement from junk food.
七选五1
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·河南郑州市高三三模)It is so easy to get comfortable and stuck in our comfort zones. We know what we like; we know what to expect; we know where we'll do well and we stay there. Outside of this zone are risks and fears. 1
This works sometimes. However, while the zone outside of where we are comfortable might be scary and risky, it is also the area of growth. 2
3 Over two days, we worked with the group and helped them see how they were limiting themselves, their lives and their careers by unknowingly staying with what they knew and where they were comfortable. We put them in awkward situations, asked them tough questions and helped them feel ill at ease until they got more comfortable with that. 4 At last they identified what they wanted was out of their comfort zones.
I saw then, as I have seen so many times in my own life and in the lives of others, that there is so much possibility when we stretch and try. We may need to build up to it. We may need to gather support and encouragement. 5 But when we do, and when we reach beyond where we usually comfortably stay, we find ourselves in a zone of opportunity (机会). We find so much of what we want.
Take at least two actions that put you outside of your comfort zones and get you closer to what you want.
A．Opportunity zones are where dangers lie.
B．So, we continue where we are with what we know.
C．We may need to take steps to get closer to our goals.
D．However, most people are used to staying in their comfort zones.
E．It is our opportunity zone, with so much potential and possibility.
F．We pushed them beyond where they were both physically and mentally.
G．We once designed a program to push people to step out of their comfort zones.
完形填空1
(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up, I learned how to be stronger and be a better version of myself. __1__， how I felt or the pain I felt was really __2__within each passing day but I longed for being understood. I could do nothing for people and felt useless about everything in my life. It made me feel __3__. People never really __4__ to me any more as I started caring less. As a result, the sympathy and soft mind I had for people started to __5__.
Waking up one bright morning and looking through the windows at the left, I saw the __6__ as the sun brightened up the clouds and people went to and from __7__ locations. I forgot my __8__ and felt quite happy. Although the previous night I had __9__， this morning I thought tears __10__ could solve nothing.
I began to think __11__ me that I was better. I was __12__ and deserved more than silver or gold. I __13__ in myself and I said just this one thing I was not going to die. Why Because the hope of being a better version of myself was within and it kept me __14__ forward. I believed I would be truly happy and get a real __15__， meet the perfect dreams.
1．A.Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Instead
2．A.misunderstood B．expected
C．guessed D．ignored
3．A.puzzled B．interested
C．encouraged D．annoyed
4．A.attended B．mattered
C．bowed D．apologized
5．A.appear B．approach
C．fade away D．die out
6．A.wonders B．inventions
C．curtains D．sufferings
7．A.deserted B．certain
C．formal D．different
8．A.sadness B．rudeness
C．kindness D．coldness
9．A.read B．slept
C．danced D．cried
10．A.gradually B．generally
C．obviously D．officially
11．A.beyond B．within
C．despite D．unlike
12．A.special B．straight
C．stubborn D．patient
13．A.called B．took
C．joined D．believed
14．A.planning B．putting
C．moving D．bringing
15．A.fame B．variety
C．pity D．smile
语法填空1
(2023·安徽省舒城中学高三模拟)Residents of Xiazhuang, Chongqing, used to risk their 1 (life) whenever they ventured out of the mountain village surrounded by steep cliffs (悬崖) about 1,000 meters high. It was Mao Xianglin, head of the village, 2 gathered nearly all Xiazhuang's 400 villagers for a meeting in 1997 and suggested building a road 3 (snake) along the mountains. The 8 kilometer long road links the village, located at the bottom of a valley, 4 the outside world. Before it was built, it usually took the villagers more than a full day to access the outside world. Now it only needs 5 one hour drive.
The construction work was rather more difficult than they imagined. Standing on the edge of the cliff, they were 6 (extreme) terrified with their legs shaking. However, when there was a dangerous situation, Mao was always the first 7 (go). After 7 years of wrestling with severe challenges, the road 8 (complete) in 2004, which is not only a road but a route to overcome 9 (poor). Nowadays the villagers are much 10 (well off) than before by selling agricultural products through livestreaming.
精选作文1
（满分15分）
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2022·云南省云天化中学高三摸底测试)假定你是李华，你的加拿大网友Jack想了解你所在社区的垃圾分类(garbage classification)开展情况。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1．活动开始时间；
2．活动开展情况；
3．活动后社区变化。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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