高考英语 二轮专题 形容词和副词 课件

(共39张PPT)
形容词、副词
Step 1
Speech
Step 2
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
1. To know the usage of adj. and adv.;
2. To improve the ability to solve the problem about them.
Step 3
Lead-in
[高考感悟]
1.（2023新课标卷I）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, ___________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
2.（2023新课标卷I）No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is ___________ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left ___________ (want) more next time.
3.（2023全国乙卷）The __________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
tasty
rarely
remarkable
wanting
[高考感悟]
4.（2023全国甲卷）__________(difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
5.（2023浙江1月）The term “hutong”, __________ (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
6.（2023浙江1月）The Hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by __________ (space) homes and walled gardens.
7.（2023浙江1月）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____________ (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Different
originally
spacious
more simple
/simpler
Step 4
Explanation
[考点一] 形容词和副词的基本形式
形容词和副词
1. 形容词的构词规则
类别 例词
加-y cloud→cloudy，luck→lucky，health→healthy，fog→foggy
greed→greedy, guilt→guilty, mist→misty
加-(e)d talent→talented，advance→advanced，excite→excited
类别 例词
加-ing surprise→surprising，convince→convincing，frighten→frightening，appeal→appealing，reward→rewarding，invite→inviting
加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless，care→careful/careless，help→helpful/helpless，harm→harmful/harmless，colour→colourful/colourless，use→useful/useless，thank→thankful/thankless
加-able comfort→comfortable，knowledge→knowledgeable，accept→acceptable，respect→respectable
加-ous danger→dangerous，courage→courageous，humour→humorous
-ce变为-t confidence→confident，difference→different
加-al music→musical，person→personal，nation→national，education→educational，tradition→traditional
加-ly friend→friendly，week→weekly，love→lovely
加-en wood→wooden，wool→woolen
加-ive/ -ative attract→attractive，talk→talkative，prevent→preventive，protect→protective
其它 energy→energetic，fool→foolish，pleasure→pleasant/pleased，science→scientific
【注意】　
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节名词加后缀-y变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y，
如：sun→sunny，fun→funny等。
以-e结尾的名词加-y变形容词时要去掉e再加-y，
如：noise→noisy，ice→icy，taste→tasty等。
2. 形容词变副词的规则
类别 例词
(1) 一般形容词变副词直接在其后加-ly quick→quickly，anxious→anxiously
(2)以辅音字母＋e结尾的形容词直接加 -ly，以元音字母＋e结尾的形容词去掉 e再加-ly immediate→immediately，polite→politely，true→truly
(3)以辅音字母＋le结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-y possible→possibly，probable→probably
(4) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词要变y为i再加-ly happy→happily，healthy→healthily
(5) 以ic结尾的形容词要在其后加-ally economic→economically，basic→basically
(6)以ll结尾的形容词要在其后加-y full→fully，dull→dully
【注意】　
下面这两个单词是特殊的形式：whole→wholly　public→publicly
3. 常见的以-ly结尾的形容词
(1) 表时间的形容词：
hourly每小时的；daily 每天的；weekly 每周的；monthly 每月的；yearly 每年的；timely及时的，适时的。
(2) 表人的形容词：
manly有男子气概的；womanly 女性特有的；motherly慈母般的；fatherly 慈父般的；comradely 同志般的。
(3) 表人的外貌、特征、性格、心理等的形容词：
lovely可爱的；friendly 友好的；ugly 难看的；lively 活泼的；lonely 孤独的；unfriendly 不友好的；kindly 亲切的；sickly多病的；elderly 年长的。
(4) 表示事物特征、环境、情况、状态的形容词：
likely可能的；orderly 整齐的；deadly 致命的；chilly 寒冷的；disorderly 乱七八糟的；unlikely 不大可能发生的。
4. 如何区分-ed结尾的形容词与-ing结尾的形容词
(1) -ing结尾的形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的性质或特征，常译为“令人……的”。
(2) -ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，也可以修饰事物，多修饰smile(微笑)，appearance(外貌)，face(面部表情)，voice(声音)，look(表情)，expression(表情)等表示人的情绪状况的名词。
5. 常考的连接性副词
though 然而，可是；meanwhile 在此期间；therefore/thus/consequently因此，所以；moreover/furthermore而且，此外；besides而且，另外，还有；however然而；instead相反，代替；anyway/anyhow尽管，即使这样；otherwise否则。
The young man couldn’t afford a new car. Instead，he bought a used one.
那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的。
The house was too expensive and too big. Besides，I’d grown fond of our little rented house.
这个房子太贵、太大了。而且，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的小屋了。
6. 意义不同的同根副词
[考点二] 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1.少数以-er，-ow，-y或-le结尾的双音节词，可以加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。
clever→cleverer→cleverest
narrow→narrower→narrowest
easy→easier→easiest
simple→simpler→simplest
温馨提示
1. 有少数几个双音节词以及以-er及-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最
高级形式。
common→commoner/more common→commonest/most common
clever→cleverer/more clever→cleverest/most clever
simple→simpler/more simple→simplest/most simple
2. 有些复合形容词有两种比较级和最高级形式。
well-known→better-known/more well-known→best-known/most well-known
2. 有些形容词没有程度可分或其本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。
这类形容词有right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，first(第一的)，wooden(木制的)，final(最后的)，east(东方的)，last(最后的)等。
3. 有些形容词和副词变比较级或最高级时为不规则变化，需牢记。
good/well→better→best
bad/ill→worse→worst
many/much→more→most
little→less→least
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
far→farther→farthest(指具体空间上)
far→further→furthest(指抽象程度上)
4. 比较级的基本用法
(1) 同级比较
①as＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as...“和……一样”；not as/so＋adj./adv.(原级)＋as...“不如……”
Since people are fond of humour，it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.
因为人们喜欢幽默，所以在谈话中或其他任何地方它都是受欢迎的。
② 当as...as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：
as＋形容词原级＋a(n)＋n.＋as...
as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as...
as＋much＋不可数名词＋as...
I’m not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today.
今天对房间进行了大扫除之后我非常累，我从来没有过比今天更累的一天了。
(2) 比较级比较
“形容词/副词比较级＋than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less＋形容词/副词原级＋than”表示“一方不及另一方……”。
I know my sister better than anyone else.Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.
我比其他任何人更了解我姐姐。她一旦下定决心，没有什么能够改变。
比较级的修饰词:
rather,much,still,even,far,any,a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit。
5. 比较级的特殊用法
①“more＋原级＋than＋原级”表示“与其说……不如说……”。
The girl was more frightened than hurt.
与其说这个女孩是受了伤，不如说是受到了惊吓。
②“more than＋主语＋can＋谓语”表示“非……所能；……不能”。
The beauty of the city is more than I can describe.
这座城市的美是我所不能描述的。
③形容词比较级前一般不用冠词，但如果出现表示范围的短语时，就需要加定冠词。
Of the two sisters，Mary is the cleverer.
这两姐妹中，玛丽更聪明。
6. 比较级形式表示最高级含义
在某个特定范围内，同类事物对比，可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义。
①比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数
②比较级＋than＋the other＋可数名词复数
③比较级＋than＋anyone/anything else
④比较级＋than＋any of the other＋可数名词复数
⑤“否定词＋比较级”也可表示最高级含义。
China is the largest country in Asia.That is，it is larger than any other country in Asia.
中国是亚洲最大的国家。即中国比亚洲其他任何国家都要大。
No man is better than you in the world.
人世间没有人比你好。
I haven’t read a more interesting novel.
这是我读过的最有趣的小说了。
7. 最高级的基本用法
(1) 形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语
She is the most active student in our class.
她是我们班最活跃的学生。
(2) one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
＝Shanghai is among the biggest cities in our country.
上海是我国最大的城市之一。
(3) 序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.
非洲是世界上第二大洲。
Step 5
Exercise
1.The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and 　　　　　 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild. (2022新高考Ⅰ)
2.Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning).The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. (2022·全国甲)
3.In the last five years，Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents，and in 2016，he reached the top of Kilimanjaro，Africa’s _________(high) mountain. (2022·全国甲)
高考真题练
eventually
meaningful
highest
4.On the day of the accident，Mrs Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.They both fell _______(sleep) while watching TV.
(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
5.When he looked down，he ____________(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge. (2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
6.This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside，including ______(low) levels of income and education，higher costs of healthy foods，and fewer sports facilities. (2021·浙江1月)
accidentally
asleep
lower
7.As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and
the　　　　　 (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to
work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea in-
dustry. (2022全国乙)
8.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 　　　　　
(rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists—have promised to
fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.(2022浙江1月)
roughly
largest
9. It will 　　　　　 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! (2021新高考Ⅰ)
10.The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,
the 　　　　　 (hot) the spring! (2021新高考Ⅰ)
11. Provide 　　　　　 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
(2021全国乙)
12. When the house was built, it was much 　　　　　 (small) than it is
today. (2021浙江6月)
hotter
undoubtedly
financial
smaller
Thank you!