2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练（30份打包，含答案）

2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【1】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·浙江金华·校联考一模）
The romantic Rhine, which flows more than 700 miles from Switzerland to the North Sea, is one of the most popular cruising(巡游) rivers in Europe, with many options available. Take a look at things to do in Rhine River!
Amsterdam
Many Rhine River Cruises begin or end in Amsterdam. This city is popular among multiple age groups and types of travelers for its relaxing atmosphere. Grab a bicycle and enjoy an afternoon of cafes, art, and historical sites. The Anne Frank House is a popular attraction in Amsterdam. Be sure to check if your river cruise can help with advance tickets as the lines are consistently long, though.
Neuschwanstein Castle
This fairytale castle is in the heart of Bavaria, Germany. Situated in the Black Forest, and conjuring up(唤起) visions of princes and princesses, it is an extremely popular tourist attraction. It was in fact one of the inspirations for Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. If your Rhine River cruise includes a stop in Munich, there’s a good chance that visits to Neuschwanstein will be available.
Strasbourg
If you’re looking for a classic European country town, this is the stop for you Strasbourg has a typical French feel, with cobblestoned streets, small shops, and of course a cathedral. Be sure to visit picturesque Petite France, the historic quarter of town, and Rohan Palace to walk in the footsteps of Marie Antoinette, the last queen of France before the French Revolution. Strasbourg is also a delightful place for visit for Christmas markets.
Basel
Sharing three international borders: Switzerland, Germany, and France, Basel presents a fascinating combination of cultures, cuisines, and languages. You can enjoy several wonderful historic sights in Basel, within a short distance from each other, and don’t miss a walk through the Botanical Gardens
1 . What do Amsterdam and Strasbourg have in common
A．They have historical sites.
B．They have a relaxing French style.
C．They are home to big shopping malls.
D．They are famous for the picturesque scenery.
2 . What might be the reason for Neuschwanstein Castle’s popularity
A．Its mysterious story. B．Its favourable location
C．Its fairytale romance. D．Its inspiration for films.
3 . Which stop would you recommend most to those who want to experience diverse cultures
A．Amsterdam B．Neuschwanstein Castle.
C．Strasbourg D．Basel.
B
(2023·湖北荆州·校联考期中)
One day in Bronx, a first-grade teacher sat down in a barbershop for a haircut and one of his students walked in, sat down, and started looking antsy. He thought to himself that it was a perfect opportunity to practice reading, a thought that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershops around the US with free books to trim back childhood illiteracy (文盲). His non-profit, Barbershop Books, has delivered 50,000 free books to more than 200 barbershops in mainly black neighborhoods in 24 states, considering the fact that in Black American communities, barbershops are like community centers where people gather naturally.
“So many kids associate reading with something you do in or for school,” he said. “If the only place a kid practices the piano is during a lesson, the progress will be slow. Our program is about getting kids to say three words: ‘I’m a reader.’”
Irby’s program may seem straightforward but there’s a lot of thought behind it. He puts a colorful, kid-sized bookshelf in each shop, making it inviting to children. The books displayed are all carefully chosen based on recommendations from his target audience. The bookshelves display the covers of the books rather than the spines, helping kids who may be interested in reading seize the opportunity for themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair or they’re waiting on their dad or friend. And Irby involves the barbers in his mission — training them to engage kids about reading. “We want them to encourage kids to use the reading spaces,” he said. “Then they can talk to them about how they like reading, how funny a book was or tell them about another book another kid was reading.”
Denny Moe was the first barber to work with Irby. Moe had previously offered video games at his Harlem shop, to bring in extra income, but he was willing to quit that to help the community. “I decided to pay it forward by getting rid of the video games, putting books in here, just to get the kids’ minds going,” he said. “You want to make an impact.”
“These books, I would say, have power,” 8-year-old boy Chance said. That’s what keeps Irby motivated. “I’m just excited that we get to create a safe space for boys to do something that’s really life changing,” he said. “That’s what I really believe reading is. It unlocks potential.”
4 . What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A. Restless. B. Serious. C. Relieved. D. Joyful.
5 . Why does the program appeal to children
A. Because it expresses children’s requirements. B. Because it shows children’s characteristics.
C. Because it protects children’s security. D. Because it considers children’s preferences.
6 . What made Denny Moe give up the video games finally
A. That he wanted to attract more customers. B. That he wanted to make a difference.
C. That he wanted to bring in more money. D. That he wanted to meet different demands.
7 . What is the best title for this passage
A. Black Kids, Potential Big Readers B. Free Books, Good Way to Pay Back
C. Colourful Covers, Nice Try to Attract Kids D. Small Barbershops, Treasure House to Start Reading
C
（2023·湖北武汉·校联考一模）
Deep within the Yukon, one of the most densely wooded areas of Canada, sits a patch of land that is unlike any other forest on the planet. Instead of a canopy of treetops spreading across the horizon, tens of thousands of signposts perch haphazardly one on top of the other. They are all part of the Signpost Forest, the largest collection of signs from places around the world. At last count, the Signpost Forest in Watson Lake, located about 10 miles north of the U.S.-Canadian border, contains 91,000 signs from spots near and far.
The tradition began during the Alaska Highway Project in 1942, when U.S. soldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watson Lake recovering from an injury. A commanding officer asked him to repair and erect the directional signposts, and while completing the job, the homesick soldier added a sign that indicated the direction and mileage to his hometown: “Danville, Illinois, 2,835 miles.” Others followed suit, and the trend caught on. Each year, an average of 1,000 new signs are being added to the collection. Lindley’s original sign has since been lost to time. Fifty years later, in 1992, Lindley and his wife Elinor made the pilgrimage back to Watson Lake to place a replica, which is still there.
The Signpost Forest takes up a couple of acres, with huge panels snaking through the trees. There are street signs, welcome signs, signatures on dinner plates, and license plates from around the world. There are also a lot of familial signs; for example, a grandfather will put up a sign and then years later family will come back and try to find it. A lot of these are personal signs to literally say that they are here. Though the visitor center has wood and paints on hand to help create a sign, many people opt to bring their own signs, though illegally, by snatching a metal sign from their hometown and nailing it to one of the wood posts. The forest has grown so vast that the visitor center no longer tries to keep a detailed list of the signs.
8．What does “The tradition” in the second paragraph refer to
A．Counting the number of signs in the Signpost Forest.
B．Replacing the natural forest with signs of different kinds.
C．Putting directional signposts on the highways of the Yukon.
D．Bringing signs to the Signpost Forest from around the world.
9．According to the passage, which of the following is true about the first sign in the Signpost Forest
A．It remained in the Forest until 1992.
B．It was erected by an American soldier.
C．It was first put on the Alaska Highway.
D．It was brought from Lindley’s hometown.
10．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “replica” in the second paragraph
A．List. B．Trunk. C．Copy. D．Border.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The origins and sizes of the signs in the Signpost Forest.
B．The quantity and variety of the signs in the Signpost Forest.
C．The difficulty of categorizing the signs in the Signpost Forest.
D．The practice of nailing illegal signs to the posts in the Signpost Forest.
D
(2023·湖南长沙·校考阶段练习)
Parents have been urged to stop pretending Father Christmas is real in case the “lie” damages relations with their children. Making up stories about Santa risks destroying a child’s trust and is morally unbelievable, according to two experts.
Psychologist Professor Christopher Boyle and social scientist Dr. Kathy McKay also criticize the idea employed by parents—Santa Claus judges children to be nice or naughty. Writing in a well-known journal, they argue, “If they are capable of lying about something so special and magical, can they be relied upon to continue as the guardians of wisdom and truth ”
Defending the claims, Prof Boyle said, “The morality of making children believe in such myths has to be questioned. All children will eventually find out they’ve been consistently lied to for years, and this might make them wonder what other lies they’ve been told. Whether it’s right to make children believe in Father Christmas is an interesting question, and it’s also interesting to ask whether lying in this way will affect children in ways that have not been considered.”
Dr. McKay, from the University of New England in Australia, said there was clear evidence from the world of make-believe in movies and TV that adults looked for a chance to be children again. “The persistence of fandom (影迷) in stories like Harry Potter and Star Wars indicates their desire to briefly re-enter childhood,” she said. “However,” she added, “if adults have been lying about Santa, even though it has usually been well intentioned, what else is a lie If Santa isn’t real, are fairies real Is magic Is God ”
They conclude, “Many people may long for a time when imagination was accepted and encouraged, which may not be the case in adult life. Might it be the case that the harshness of real life requires the creation of something better, something to believe in, something to hope for in the future or to return to a long-lost childhood a long time ago in a galaxy far far away ”
12 . What did parents do that drew criticism from Dr. Kathy McKay
A. They were fond of Harry Potter and Star Wars.
B. They acted as the guardians of wisdom and truth.
C. They said Santa Claus could judge a kid to be good or bad.
D. They have told many lies to their children besides Santa Claus.
13 . What can be implied in the passage
A. Parents are capable of making up stories about Santa Claus.
B. Lies about Santa Claus can have a negative impact upon children.
C. Stories about Santa Claus develop children’s trust in their parents.
D. Experts think it right to make children believe in Father Christmas.
14 . Why are adults fond of watching fictional movies
A. They desire to return to the long-lost childhood.
B. Everything will become better in movies than in real life.
C. They want to get away from pressure from life and work.
D. They didn’t watch such exciting movies when they were young.
15 . What is the author’s attitude toward parents’ lying about Santa Claus
A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Disappointed. D. Concerned.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·安徽合肥·八校联考）
Everyone knows about straight-A students. Many straight-A students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their low-scoring classmates. Here are some secrets of the young study champions.
16 .
Top students bear no breaks on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, and snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation.
Get organized.
Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. 17 . Melendres’ methods have actually proven effective. Even students who don’t have a private study area remain organized to cut down time-wasting searches.
Clean up your act.
Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones. “The student who turns in a neat paper,” says Claude Olney, an Arizona State University business professor, “is already on the way to an A．It’s like being served a cheeseburger. 18 .”
Speak up.
“If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him to repeat it,” says Christopher Campbell. Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. 19 . “Better academic grades come from better understanding.” says Campell. “I don’t want to memorize information for tests only.”
Test yourself.
As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points that she thinks may be covered during exams. 20 . Later she gives herself a written examination before test day. “If I can’t answer the questions satisfactorily, I will go back and review.” she says.
A．Set priorities.
B．Schedule your time.
C．She designs test questions based on them.
D．It’s a matter of showing intellectual curiosity.
E．A bag or drawer keeps essential supplies together.
F．Hard work isn’t the whole story behind their academic grades.
G．You can’t believe it tastes good if it’s presented on a dirty plate.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·广东深圳·校联考期末）
I am a professor of psychology. Some time ago, I got halfway through a day of teaching before a co-worker pointed out to me I was quite 1 wearing a different pair of shoes, one red and one black. I felt so 2 and upset but I would have to go to teach my 3 like this. When I noticed how much I wanted to disappear and avoid this 4 , I was determined to face it 5 . I walked into class and 6 to the students that I was wearing two shoes from 7 pairs, and directed their attention to my feet. Everyone laughed and we went on with class. Years later, a 8 in that class told me that this was the moment she first thought that maybe, just maybe, she could be a professor, too.
I 9 my mistake because I realized that trying to hide it was weakening my ability to concentrate my mind on my teaching — but I had no idea that it would also help shorten the 10 distance between my students and myself.
Many contexts may 11 or shame people for making mistakes. Our efforts to avoid them 12 our desires for success, and how others will respond to our mistakes. We might feel 13 and shame if we do make some.
However, mistake-making is part of learning new things, and it can 14 us closer to others. It 15 up the possibility of accepting mistakes gladly, letting us be more open and engaged in what we are doing.
1．A．impatiently B．carelessly C．quietly D．slowly
2．A．confused B．touched C．terrified D．embarrassed
3．A．aim B．book C．course D．feeling
4．A．situation B．direction C．operation D．option
5．A．besides B．moreover C．instead D．otherwise
6．A．shouted B．appealed C．called D．announced
7．A．beautiful B．fancy C．different D．colorful
8．A．worker B．teacher C．student D．peer
9．A．shared B．made C．avoided D．corrected
10．A．physical B．psychological C．critical D．economical
11．A．recognize B．stop C．help D．punish
12．A．result from B．come out C．give off D．take on
13．A．self-control B．self-respect C．self-confidence D．self-criticism
14．A．draw B．force C．push D．affect
15．A．clears B．opens C．turns D．uses
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·重庆·校考适应性试题）
A Chinese company says it plans to gather artificial intelligence 1 (learn) how humans drive and use the data to develop autonomous driving technology.
Called DriveCPT, the system uses “enhanced learning with human feedback” technology to learn how to drive, according to 2 report from China Car News.
While existing semi-autonomous driving systems are guided via set of instructions that the car’s computer system can understand and respond 3 , this new approach instead observes how cars 4 (drive) safely by real people and learns from their actions.
According to the report, DriveGPT is able to navigate difficult scenarios such as U-turns and roundabouts with an increased rate of success of”30 per cent“ compared with other autonomous driving 5 (technology).
DriveCPT is the brainchild of Haomo.ai — a company 6 (devote) to artificial intelligence, with significant 7 (finance) backing from Great Wall Motors which says it will have announcements on the technology’s progress during a 8 (present) in April 2003.
In January 2023, the company 9 (launch) Mana Oasis — the largest autonomous driving computing centre in China, 10 it says will allow its technology to self-train using large volumes of data gathered from vehicles while on the road.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在莱茵河畔的四个典型城市。 1．推理判断题。由文章第二段“Many Rhine River Cruises begin or end in Amsterdam. This city is popular among multiple age groups and types of travelers for its relaxing atmosphere. Grab a bicycle and enjoy an afternoon of cafes, art, and historical sites. The Anne Frank House is a popular attraction in Amsterdam. Be sure to check if your river cruise can help with advance tickets as the lines are consistently long, though. (许多莱茵河游船在阿姆斯特丹开始或结束。这座城市因其轻松的氛围而受到不同年龄层和类型的游客的欢迎。抓一辆自行车，享受一个下午的咖啡馆，艺术，和历史遗迹。安妮·弗兰克之家是阿姆斯特丹一个受欢迎的景点。不过，一定要检查一下你的游船能否帮你提前订票，因为队伍总是很长。)”和文章第四段“If you’re looking for a classic European country town, this is the stop for you Strasbourg has a typical French feel, with cobblestoned streets, small shops, and of course a cathedral. Be sure to visit picturesque Petite France, the historic quarter of town, and Rohan Palace to walk in the footsteps of Marie Antoinette, the last queen of France before the French Revolution. Strasbourg is also a delightful place for visit for Christmas markets. (如果你正在寻找一个经典的欧洲乡村小镇，那么斯特拉斯堡是你的不二之选。斯特拉斯堡有典型的法国风情，鹅卵石铺成的街道，小商店，当然还有大教堂。一定要参观风景如画的小法兰西，历史悠久的小镇和罗汉宫，走在法国大革命前法国最后一位女王玛丽·安托瓦内特的脚步中。斯特拉斯堡也是参观圣诞集市的好地方。)”可知，阿姆斯特丹和斯特拉斯堡都有历史遗迹。故选A。 2．推理判断题。由文章第三段“This fairytale castle is in the heart of Bavaria, Germany. Situated in the Black Forest, and conjuring up(唤起) visions of princes and princesses, it is an extremely popular tourist attraction. It was in fact one of the inspirations for Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. If your Rhine River cruise includes a stop in Munich, there’s a good chance that visits to Neuschwanstein will be available. (这座童话般的城堡位于德国巴伐利亚州的中心。它坐落在黑森林里，让人联想到王子和公主，是一个非常受欢迎的旅游景点。事实上，它是华特·迪斯尼睡美人城堡的灵感来源之一。如果你的莱茵河游轮在慕尼黑有一站，那么你很有可能可以参观新天鹅堡。)”可知，新天鹅堡受欢迎的原因可能是因为它是童话般的城堡。故选C。 3．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Sharing three international borders: Switzerland, Germany, and France, Basel presents a fascinating combination of cultures, cuisines, and languages. You can enjoy several wonderful historic sights in Basel, within a short distance from each other, and don’t miss a walk through the Botanical Gardens (巴塞尔共有三个国际边界：瑞士、德国和法国，展现了文化、美食和语言的迷人结合。您可以在巴塞尔欣赏几处美妙的历史景点，彼此相距不远，也不要错过植物园的漫步)”可知，这里有不同的文化。故选D。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了让孩子爱上阅读并不容易，但是阿尔文·艾尔比正在为此努力，他创建了理发店书屋以鼓励年轻孩子们去阅读，因为他知道阅读对于孩子的重要性。 4. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“One day in Bronx, a first-grade teacher sat down in a barbershop for a haircut and one of his students walked in, sat down,(一天，在布朗克斯，一个一年级的老师坐在理发店里理发，他的一个学生走了进来，坐下)”及下文“He thought to himself that it was a perfect opportunity to practice reading, a thought that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershops around the US with free books to trim back childhood illiteracy (文盲).(他对自己说，这是一个练习阅读的绝佳机会，这个想法改变了阿尔文·艾尔比的生活，他在美国各地的许多理发店里摆满了免费的书，以减少儿童文盲)”可推知，阿尔文·艾尔比想到在理发店里摆满了免费的书，是因为他看到这些来理发的学生无事可做。再结合常识可知，与老师在一个空间里，多少会有些紧张。由此可知，划线词antsy与restless“坐立不安的”意思接近。故选A。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He puts a colorful, kid-sized bookshelf in each shop, making it inviting to children. The books displayed are all carefully chosen based on recommendations from his target audience. The bookshelves display the covers of the books rather than the spines, helping kids who may be interested in reading seize the opportunity for themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair or they’re waiting on their dad or friend.(他在每家商店里都放了一个五颜六色的儿童书架，让孩子们喜欢。展出的书籍都是根据他的目标读者的推荐精心挑选的。书架上展示的是书的封面而不是书脊，帮助那些可能对阅读感兴趣的孩子们自己抓住机会，无论他们是坐在理发师的椅子上，还是在等爸爸或朋友)”可知，这个节目考虑到孩子们的喜好，所以很受孩子们的欢迎。故选D。 6. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I decided to pay it forward by getting rid of the video games, putting books in here, just to get the kids’ minds going,” he said. “You want to make an impact.”(“我决定把它传递下去，把电子游戏扔掉，把书放在这里，只是为了让孩子们的思想活跃起来，”他说。“你想要产生影响。”)”可知，丹尼·莫想要有所作为，这让他最终放弃了电子游戏。故选B。 7. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“He thought to himself that it was a perfect opportunity to practice reading, a thought that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershops around the US with free books to trim back childhood illiteracy (文盲).(他对自己说，这是一个练习阅读的绝佳机会，这个想法改变了阿尔文·艾尔比的生活，他在美国各地的许多理发店里摆满了免费的书，以减少儿童文盲)”及下文可知，文章讲述了阿尔文·艾尔比减少儿童文盲，他创建了理发店书屋以鼓励年轻孩子们去阅读，因为他知道阅读对于孩子的重要性，他希望孩子们爱上阅读，让阅读改变他们的人生。由此可知，D. Small Barbershops, Treasure House to Start Reading(小理发店，开始阅读的宝库)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大Yukon的路标森林。 8．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The tradition began during the Alaska Highway Project in 1942, when U.S. soldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watson Lake recovering from an injury. A commanding officer asked him to repair and erect the directional signposts, and while completing the job, the homesick soldier added a sign that indicated the direction and mileage to his hometown: “Danville, Illinois, 2,835 miles.” Others followed suit, and the trend caught on. Each year, an average of 1,000 new signs are being added to the collection.(这个传统始于1942年的Alaska Highway计划，当时美国士兵卡尔·K·林德利在沃森湖养伤。一位指挥官让他修理和竖立路标，在完成这项工作的同时，这位思乡的士兵在上面加了一个标志牌，标明了到他家乡的方向和距离：“伊利诺斯州丹维尔，2835英里。”其他人纷纷效仿，这一趋势开始流行起来。每年，平均有1000个新标识被添加到这个收藏中)”中“Others followed suit, and the trend caught on.”和“an average of 1,000 new signs are being added to the collection”可推知，上文的“The tradition”是指人们开始将世界各地的标识带到路标森林。故选D项。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The tradition began during the Alaska Highway Project in 1942, when U.S. soldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watson Lake recovering from an injury. A commanding officer asked him to repair and erect the directional signposts, and while completing the job, the homesick soldier added a sign that indicated the direction and mileage to his hometown: “Danville, Illinois, 2,835 miles.” Others followed suit, and the trend caught on. (这个传统始于1942年的Alaska Highway计划，当时美国士兵卡尔·K·林德利在沃森湖养伤一位指挥官让他修理和竖立路标，在完成这项工作的同时，这位思乡的士兵在上面加了一个标志牌，标明了到他家乡的方向和距离：“伊利诺斯州丹维尔，2835英里。”其他人纷纷效仿，这一趋势开始流行起来)”可知，路标森林中的第一个标志牌是一个美国士兵竖起来的，所以B项是正确的说法。故选B项。 10．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Lindley’s original sign has since been lost to time. Fifty years later, in 1992, Lindley and his wife Elinor made the pilgrimage back to Watson Lake to place a replica, which is still there. (林德利最初的标志已经随着时间的流逝而消失了。50年后的1992年，林德利和他的妻子埃丽诺朝圣回到沃森湖，放置了一个replica，它仍然在那里)”可知，林德利最初的标志牌已经找不到了，50年后他故地重游，重新放了一个“复制品”，所以划线词与copy同义。故选C项。 11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“The Signpost Forest takes up a couple of acres, with huge panels snaking through the trees. There are street signs, welcome signs, signatures on dinner plates, and license plates from around the world. There are also a lot of familial signs (路标森林占地几英亩，巨大的面板蜿蜒穿过树木。这里有街道标志、欢迎标志、餐盘上的签名，还有来自世界各地的车牌。还有很多家族标志)”和“The forest has grown so vast that the visitor center no longer tries to keep a detailed list of the signs.(森林已经变得如此广阔，以至于游客中心不再试图保留一个详细的标志列表)”可推知，最后一段主要讲了路标森林中指示牌的数量和种类。故选B项。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。介绍了专家对于家长对孩子依然谎称圣诞老人存在的批评态度。专家认为，父母谎称圣诞老人存在的做法对于孩子今后对于大人的信任有消极影响。 12. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Psychologist Professor Christopher Boyle and social scientist Dr. Kathy McKay also criticize the idea employed by parents—Santa Claus judges children to be nice or naughty. (心理学家Christopher Boyle教授和社会科学家Kathy McKay博士也批评了父母的想法——圣诞老人会评判孩子是好是坏)”可知，圣诞老人评判孩子好坏的说法遭到了Kathy McKay博士的批评。故选C项。 13. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whether it’s right to make children believe in Father Christmas is an interesting question, and it’s also interesting to ask whether lying in this way will affect children in ways that have not been considered.(让孩子们相信圣诞老人是否正确是一个有趣的问题，同样有趣的是，以这种方式撒谎是否会以未被考虑的方式影响孩子。)”和文章第一段的主题句“Making up stories about Santa risks destroying a child’s trust and is morally unbelievable, according to two experts.(两位专家表示，编造圣诞老人的故事可能会破坏孩子的信任，在道德上是令人难以置信的。)”推知，作者通过文章想表达关于圣诞老人的谎言对孩子们是有消极影响的。故选B项。 14. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The persistence of fandom(影迷) in stories like Harry Potter and Star Wars indicates their desire to briefly re-enter childhood,(《哈利·波特》和《星球大战》等故事中粉丝的持续存在表明他们渴望短暂地重新进入童年)”可知，对于《哈利·波特》和《星球大战》的持久迷恋表明成年人想再次体验童年乐趣。故选A项。 15. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Making up stories about Santa risks destroying a child’s trust and is morally unbelievable, according to two experts.(两位专家表示，编造圣诞老人的故事可能会破坏孩子的信任，在道德上是令人难以置信的。)”与第三段中“All children will eventually find out they’ve been consistently lied to for years, and this might make them wonder what other lies they’ve been told. (所有的孩子最终都会发现自己多年来一直被欺骗，这可能会让他们想知道自己还被说了什么谎言。)”可知，作者对于父母们对孩子们撒谎说圣诞老人确实存在的做法很担忧。故选D项。
【答案】16．A 17．E 18．G 19．D 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习成绩优秀的学生的学习方法。 16．下文“Top students bear no breaks on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, and snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation. (优等生在学习时间上不受任何打扰。一旦打开书或启动电脑，电话就无人接听，电视节目不看，零食也不吃了。学习是事业；学习重于娱乐。)”说明优等生都是优先考虑学习，选项A“设定优先顺序。”符合本段主题，适合做小标题。故选A项。 17．上文“Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. (Paul Melendres是新墨西哥州的一名优等生，他有两个文件夹，一个放当天的作业，另一个放已完成并评分的论文。)”说明要把必须完成的作业放在一起，不能和已完成的混在一起，选项E“用一个袋子或抽屉把必需品放在一起。”承接上文，建议把必需的东西放在一起。故选E项。 18．上文“The student who turns in a neat paper is already on the way to an A. (交了一份整洁的试卷的学生，就已经在拿A的路上了。)”说明整洁的试卷容易得到好评，上文“It’s like being served a cheeseburger. (这就像被端上一个芝士汉堡。)”和选项G“如果把它放在脏盘子里，你不会相信它很好吃。”承接上文，用比喻的手法，说明试卷就像汉堡，如果不整洁，就不愿意吃。故选G项。 19．上文“If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him to repeat it.(如果我不明白老师在解释什么，我会让他重复一遍。)”说明要积极的寻求知识，而上文“Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. (然而，课堂参与不仅仅是提问。)”说明课堂参与不仅仅是提问，选项D“这是表现出求知欲的问题。”承接上文，说明学生的提问是求知欲的表现。故选D项。 20．小标题“Test yourself.(自我测试)”和上文“As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points that she thinks may be covered during exams. (作为笔记的一部分，Domenica Roman强调了她认为考试中可能会涉及的要点。)”说明要进行自我测试，找出自己认为考试中可能涉及的要点，选项C“她根据它们设计试题。”承接上文，说明根据自己找到的要点，设计自测的试题。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的尴尬、沮丧，同时还拉进了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以了解自己，还能将自己与其他的事情联系起来。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：前段时间，一天的教学进行到一半时，一位同事向我指出，我很不小心穿了一双不同的鞋，一只红一只黑。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. quietly安静地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据“wearing a different pair of shoes”可知，此处指由于粗心穿错了鞋，故选B。 2．考查形容词词辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬和沮丧，但我必须这样去教我的课程。A. confused困惑的；B. touched感动的；C. terrified害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。空处和“upset”并列，结合语境可知，穿错鞋应是感到尴尬，故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aim目的；B. book书；C. course课程；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“I got halfway through a day of teaching”可知，作者一天的教学还没完成，指必须这样去教授课程，故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到我是多么想要消失和避免这种情况时，相反我决定去面对它。A. situation情况；B. direction方向；C. operation操作，手术；D. option选择。结合语境可知，此处指作者想要避免穿错鞋这种情况，故选A。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. besides此外；B. moreover而且；C. instead相反；D. otherwise否则。根据上文“how much I wanted to disappear and avoid”和“I was determined to face it”可知，前后句是相反的情况，作者想要避免这样的情况，但是决定去面对它，故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进教室，向同学们宣布我穿了两双不同的鞋，并把他们的注意力引到我的脚上。A. shouted大喊；B. appealed呼吁；C. called打电话；D. announced宣布。根据“to the students”可知，此处指作者作为老师向同学们宣布自己穿错了鞋，故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beautiful美丽的；B. fancy精致的，奢华的；C. different不同的；D. colorful多彩的。根据上文“I was quite ___1___ wearing a different pair of shoes”可知，作者穿了两双鞋中的各一只，故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，那个班里的一个学生告诉我，那是她第一次想到也许，只是也许，她也可以成为一名教授。A. worker工人；B. teacher老师；C. student学生；D. peer同龄人。结合上文“to the students that I was wearing two shoes…”以及空后“in that class”可知，作者告诉同学们自己穿错了鞋，此处指班里其中一个学生听完后想到自己以后也可以成为教授，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了我的错误，因为我意识到试图隐藏它会削弱我专注于教学的能力——但我不知道这也有助于缩短我和学生之间的心理距离。A. shared分享；B. made制作；C. avoided避免；D. corrected纠正。结合上文“I walked into class and ___6___ to the students that…”可知，作者向同学们分享了自己的错误，故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. physical身体的；B. psychological心理的；C. critical关键的；D. economical经济的。根据上文“ ...told me that this was the moment she first thought that...”可知，作者分享错误后，一个学生告诉作者她一次感觉自己也可以成为教授，故此处指缩短了自己和学生之间心理上的距离，故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。A. recognize识别；B. stop停止；C. help帮助；D. punish惩罚。根据“shame people for making mistakes”可知，犯错误应是会受惩罚，故选D。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们努力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反应。A. result from由于；B. come out出现，出版；C. give off释放，放出；D. take on呈现。结合句意可知，空后表示原因，因为我们渴望成功，所以我们努力避免犯错，故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们确实犯了一些错误，我们可能会感到自我批评和羞耻。A. self-control自我控制；B. self-respect自我尊重；C. self-confidence自信；D. self-criticism自我批评。空处和“shame”并列，所以指我们犯错时会自我批评，感到羞愧，故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，犯错误是学习新事物的一部分，它可以拉近我们与他人的距离。A. draw拉（动），（向某个方向）移动；B. force强迫；C. push推；D. affect影响。结合空后的“us closer to others”可知，此处指犯错能拉近我们与别人的距离，故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，让我们更开放，更专注于我们正在做的事情。A. clears清理；B. opens打开；C. turns翻转；D. uses使用。根据“letting us be more open”可知，它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，故选B。
【答案】1．to learn 2．a 3．to 4．are driven 5．technologies 6．devoted 7．financial 8．presentation 9．launched 10．which 【导语】本篇文章为新闻报道。文章介绍了一家中国公司研发出基于人工智能的DriveGPT系统，用于发展自动驾驶技术。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一家中国公司称其计划整合人工智能来学习人类如何驾驶，并使用得到的数据发展自动驾驶技术。此处作目的状语，应用不定式to learn。故填to learn。 2．考查冠词。句意：根据China Car News的一篇报道，名为DriveGPT的系统使用“人类反馈强化学习”技术来学习如何驾驶。此处泛指“一篇报道”，应用不定冠词，report是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。 3．考查介词。句意：目前的半自动驾驶系统是由一系列汽车的电脑系统能够理解和响应的指令所指导的，而这一新型方法则是观察真人驾驶的汽车如何被安全驾驶并且从它们的动作中学习。此处是that引导的定语从句，先行词为instructions，应用动词respond与介词to构成词组表示“响应”与instructions搭配。故填to。 4．考查动词语态。句意：目前的半自动驾驶系统是由一系列汽车的电脑系统能够理解和响应的指令所指导的，而这一新型方法则是观察真人驾驶的汽车如何被安全驾驶并且从它们的动作中学习。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时，此处cars与drive之间为动宾关系，应该用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are driven。 5．考查名词复数。句意：根据报道，DriveGPT能够应对诸如U型弯和环岛这样困难的情境，成功率相较于其他自动驾驶技术多出“30%”。technology是可数名词，空前有other表示“其他的”，应用名词复数形式。故填technologies。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。固定搭配be devoted to“致力于”，省略be动词，使用过去分词，作后置定语。故填devoted。 7．考查形容词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。此处表示资金支持，应用形容词financial“金融的，财政的”，修饰名词backing。故填financial。 8．考查名词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。此处作宾语，应用名词presentation“发布会”，由不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填presentation。 9．考查动词时态。句意：2023年1月，该公司成立了雪湖·绿洲——中国最大的自动驾驶计算中心，并声称这将使其技术能够利用从路面上行驶的车辆中收集的大量数据进行自我训练。根据时间状语In January 2023可知，应用一般过去时。故填launched。 10．考查定语从句。句意：2023年1月，该公司成立了雪湖·绿洲——中国最大的自动驾驶计算中心，并声称这将使其技术能够利用从路面上行驶的车辆中收集的大量数据进行自我训练。分析句子可知，空处前句成分完整，后句will前缺少主语，考虑定语从句，先行词应为整个前句，应用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【2】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）
How to apply to the city volunteer program of Hangzhou Asian Games
You can apply through either online or offline channels.
(1)Online channels:
Channel 1: Search the Alipay for applets “Zhejiang Volunteers”.
Channel 2: Enter the Wechat public account “Civilized Hangzhou” and click the navigation column “Voluntary Service”
(2)Oftline channels:
Register through the New Era Civilization Practice Center/Office/Station established at the city, district, county, town, sub-district or village level.
Where to buy licensed souvenirs of Asian (Para) Games Hangzhou 2022
Offline channels: Licensed commercials’ retailing stores of Asian Games Hangzhou 2022
Online channel: Tmall flag store “Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 Official Store”.
How can an aerial photographer apply for radio frequencies
During the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022, radio access will be allowed in relevant areas of the Games. Users who need to use radio frequencies or radio equipment may submit an application on the following website: https: /spectrum. Hangzhou 2022. cn/frequency/enterdeclare.
How do overseas people purchase tickets
After entering China, overseas people can purchase tickets following the same procedures as domestic public. For the member countries and regions of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) that have obtained permission for overseas agencies, their residents can purchase tickets through appointed agencies.
According to the sales agency arrangements and processes for overseas ticketing of the Hangzhou Asian Games, the following four National Olympic Committees (NOCs) and their Authorised Ticket Resellers (ATR), listed in the order of confirmation time, will sell tickets for the sports events of the Hangzhou Asian Games. Audiences within the respective regions can purchase sports event tickets for the Hangzhou Asian Games through these NOCs and their ATRs:
NOC ATR
1 HKG China Travel Service (H. K. )LTD
2 KOR Hanjin Travel Service Co. LTD
3 JPN PIA Corporation
4 MGL New Juulchin Tours LLC
1．Where can one buy licensed souvenirs of Asian (Para) Games Hangzhou 2022
A．Tmall flag store Licensed commercials’ retailing stores of Asian Games Hangzhou 2022
B．Shopping at the website: https: /spectrum. hangzhou2022. cn/frequency/enterdeclare
C．Through the Alibaba applets “Zhejiang Volunteers”.
D．Both offline and online channels.
2．How can overseas people purchase tickets for the Hangzhou Asian Games
A．Only through appointed ticket resellers in their respective regions.
B．Following the same procedures as domestic residents after entering China.
C．By visiting the official ticketing website with the English page.
D．Becoming residents of member countries and regions of OCA
3．Which section of the website might the passage be taken from
A．Ticket services. B．One-stop Service for Asian Games.
C．Questions & Answers. D．E-Certificate Download.
B
(2023·辽宁·高三辽宁实验中学校考阶段练习)
Everyone tries their best in life, and sometimes a few kind words of encouragement can help people realize that their efforts are not in vain (徒劳). Ⅰ remember a time when I was in fifth grade, and I was a very shy girl.
There was a drawing competition at my school that day. As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.”
Taking her words of wisdom to heart, I started my painting. Time flew by, and soon the bell rang, signaling the end of the time limit. We all turned in our canvases for inspection (检查). The next day, the winners of the competition were announced in front of the whole school. To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize.
Later on, I expressed my gratitude to my art teacher for her words of encouragement and for believing in me. That day, I became aware of my talent and started painting more whenever I had free time. Sometimes, I think that if it weren’t for her words of encouragement, I may have never discovered the talent I have.
Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life.
4. What was the author doing when called by the art teacher
A. Organizing a drawing competition. B. Trying to get some creative ideas.
C. Painting her work on her canvas. D. Trying to get help from others.
5. What did the author think of the competition
A. Easy. B. Interesting. C. Challenging. D. Encouraging.
6. What do the underlined words “bolt from the blue” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Addiction. B. Puzzlement. C. Disappointment. D. Surprise.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Power of Encouragement B. The Importance of Art Competitions
C. Overcoming Shyness Through Painting D. Discovering Your Great Natural Ability
C
（2024·广东深圳·罗湖区部分学校联考）
Anyone can be late a handful of times, but to be the person who is always late - that’s an art, a frustrating art. Or, a side effect of your personality traits, scientists have found.
So what is it that causes some people to constantly miss trains, make it to the wedding just after the bride’s shown up and regularly annoy their friends And why is it so hard for us to fix it “There are all sorts of punishments for being late, and the paradox is that we are late even when those punishments and consequences exist.” said Justin Kruger, a social psychologist at New York University.
One of the commonest reasons why people are frequently late is that they fail to accurately judge how long a task will take - something known as the planning fallacy(谬误). Research has shown that people on average underestimate the time to complete a task by a significant 40 percent.
Another trait is that forever -late-comers are more likely to be multitaskers. In a 2003 study run by Jeff Conte from San Diego State University found that out of 181 subway operators in New York City, those who preferred multitasking were more often late for their job. This is because multitasking makes it harder to have the awareness of what you’re doing. Conte also discovered there is a personality type that’s more likely to be late. While highly strung(紧张不安), achievement-oriented Type A individuals are more possible to be punctual. Type B individuals, however, who are more laid-back(漫不经心), have a higher chance to be late.
Admittedly, knowing all of this doesn’t necessarily help fix the problem. But scientists are starting to work on strategies that can slowly improve our punctuality. For people who constantly underestimate tasks, breaking down an activity into detailed steps can help people estimate how long something will take more accurately. As for your personality type, unfortunately, there isn’t much you can do to change that. But accepting that you need to struggle for it may just help. Acceptance, after all, is the first step to change.
8．What does the underlined word “paradox” mean in paragraph 2
A．Strategy. B．Argument. C．Solution. D．Puzzle.
9．What is a possible feature of forever-late-comers
A．They plan to spend more time on a task.
B．They tackle more than one task at a time.
C．They suffer from concentration difficulties.
D．They have high expectations for achievements.
10．Which advice can be given to people who are always late
A．Learn to accept who you are. B．Change your personality type.
C．Divide a task into smaller ones. D．Keep to the timetable accurately.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A．Time management contributes to success.
B．Late comers should be severely punished.
C．One’s always being late is linked to personality.
D．Changing personality helps improve punctuality.
D
（2023·浙江·高三德清县高级中学校联考一模）
The personal grievance provisions of New Zealand’s Employment Relations Act 2000 (ERA) prevent an employer from firing an employee without good cause. Instead, dismissals must be justified. Employers must both show cause and act in a procedurally fair way.
Personal grievance procedures were designed to guard the jobs of ordinary workers from “unjustified dismissals”. The premise was that the common law of contract lacked sufficient protection for workers against arbitrary conduct by management. Long gone are the days when a boss could simply give an employee contractual notice.
But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives. As countless boards and business owners will attest, constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance. The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be the difference between business success or failure. Between preserving the jobs of ordinary workers or losing them. Yet mediocrity is no longer enough to justify a dismissal.
Consequently and paradoxically laws introduced to protect the jobs of ordinary workers may be placing those jobs at risk.
If not placing jobs at risk, to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers, those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages. Indeed, in “An International Perspective on New Zealand’s Productivity Paradox” (2014), the Productivity Commission singled out the low quality of managerial capabilities as a cause of the country’s poor productivity growth record.
Nor are highly paid managers themselves immune from the harm caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures. Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee, employers are more cautious about hiring new staff. This makes it harder for the marginal manager to gain employment. And firms pay staff less because firms carry the burden of the employment arrangement going wrong.
Society also suffers from excessive employment protections. Stringent job dismissal regulations adversely affect productivity growth and hamper both prosperity and overall well-being.
Across the Tasman Sea, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradox by excluding employees earning above a specified “high-income threshold” from the protection of its unfair dismissal laws. In New Zealand, a 2016 private members’ Bill tried to permit firms and high-income employees to contract out of the unjustified dismissal regime. However, the mechanisms proposed were unwieldy and the Bill was voted down following the change in government later that year.
12．The personal grievance provisions of the ERA are intended to ________.
A．discipline dubious corporate practices
B．promote traditional hiring procedures
C．regulate the privileges of the employers
D．safeguard the rights of ordinary workers
13．It can be learned from paragraph 3 that the provisions may ________.
A．hinder business development B．justify managers’ authority
C．affect the public image of the firms D．worsen labor-management relations
14．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A．ERA’s sensible approach corresponds with the international trend of democracy.
B．The society will see a rise in well-being with the ERA’s procedures carried out.
C．Non-proficient managerial capabilities make employees suffer from salary cuts.
D．High-income threshold in Australia is relatively beneficial to business owners.
15．What’s the author’s attitude towards the personal grievance provisions issued by ERA
A．Appreciative B．Skeptical C．Optimistic D．Contradictory
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东广州·广州市协和中学校考一模）
Collecting must be one of the most varied of human activities, and it’s one that many of us psychologists find fascinating. Collecting hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and money that could surely be put to much more productive use. And yet there are millions of collectors around the world. 16
There are the people who collect because they want to make money. They’ll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit. 17 Buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of achievement. And as selling online is so easy, more and more people are joining in.
Many collectors collect to develop their social life. 18 This is a variant on joining a bridge club or a gym, and similarly brings them into contact with like-minded people.
Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. 19 There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they’re looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone.
20 Stamp collecting, for example, opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. Similarly, many collectors collect fossils, animals and plants from around the globe, and their collections provided a vast amount of information about the natural world. Without those collections, our understanding would be greatly reduced.
A．Why do they do it
B．But there may well be a psychological element, too.
C．Another potential reason for it is its educational value.
D．A particular example is a rare early recording by a particular singer.
E．A psychological reason for collecting is the need for a sense of control.
F．Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless.
G．They attend meetings of groups collectors and exchange information on items.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·黑龙江绥化·高三校考期末）
I was in the back seat of a yellow taxi grabbing my mother’s hand like a 5-year-old. But in fact, I was 28 years old, still 1 , and hoping my mom would make it all right.
We were coming home from the 2 , and I was in a full-body brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的) surgery exactly a week earlier and headed to my tiny apartment in San Francisco. Each time the taxi 3 over the steep hills, I felt as if my bones were 4 . I doubted that I would get hurt again during the journey.
I was about to open my mouth to shout at the driver or at least 5 , when my mom leaned forward and said cheerfully, “Thank you!” The driver glanced at us 6 from his mirror. “You’re just the best driver I’ve ever seen,” my mom continued. “These hills must be so 7 to drive on. And I am so 8 . My daughter had surgery on her back and is so 9 . Because of you, she’s going to get home safe. Thank you. You’re wonderful.”
In the mirror, I could see the driver 10 proudly. I felt a flash of 11 , but before I had a chance to 12 my mother’s words, a miracle happened. The driver slowed down. He stretched his neck left and right to 13 a smooth ride before making each turn. Indeed, he drove us home like the best driver I’d ever seen.
In that moment of 14 , what my wise mom had instinctively done was only obvious to me: 15 is powerful.
1．A．scared B．tired C．upset D．confused
2．A．shelter B．hospital C．college D．countryside
3．A．bounced B．blocked C．interrupted D．trapped
4．A．out of shape B．out of reach C．out of control D．out of place
5．A．whisper B．explain C．warn D．complain
6．A．especially B．doubtfully C．properly D．personally
7．A．interesting B．hard C．easy D．familiar
8．A．grateful B．hopeful C．great D．guilty
9．A．proud B．patient C．weak D．soft
10．A．shaking B．smiling C．joking D．applauding
11．A．embarrassment B．pity C．satisfaction D．anger
12．A．receive B．forgive C．contradict D．recognize
13．A．expect B．experience C．delay D．ensure
14．A．crisis B．account C．guidance D．recognition
15．A．Praise B．Love C．Trust D．Communication
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·湖南长沙·市第一中学年高三试题）
Music has strong effects on us and different music has different effects. Faster music helps us concentrate better. Lively music makes us feel more pleased. And slower music 1 (quiet) our mind and makes us relax.
New findings show that music around 60 beats a minute can cause the brain to synchronize (合拍) with the beat, 2 (cause) alpha brainwaves. This wave will appear when we are relaxed. Researchers at Stanford University have said that listening to music can change our brain activities and 3 music can be reached easily, making 4 a helpful stress 5 (reduce) tool.
What type of music reduces stress greatly A bit surprising: Drums and flutes (长笛) can have positive effects on relaxing the mind even when 6 (play) a little loud. Sounds of rain and thunder may also be relaxing especially when mixed with other music, such as light jazz and classical music.
How can we choose the music that is best for us The answer depends on ourselves. We could start by 7 (simple) exploring the music on the web page. Just choose the music 8 can calm us down and make us feel relaxed. But remember that quieting our mind does not mean we will feel 9 (sleep) listening to the music. It means our brain and body are relaxed. And 10 our new calm self, we can then do our best in many activities.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是一篇针对2022年杭州亚运会相关问题的问答。 1．细节理解题。根据标题Where to buy licensed souvenirs of Asian (Para) Games Hangzhou 2022 下面第一段“Offline channels: Licensed commercials’ retailing stores of Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 (线下渠道：2022年杭州亚运会授权广告零售门店)”以及第二段“Online channel: Tmall flag store “Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 Official Store”. (线上渠道：天猫旗舰店“2022年杭州亚运会官方商店”)”可知，线下和线上渠道都可以买到2022年杭州亚运特许纪念品。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据标题How do overseas people purchase tickets 下面第一段首句“After entering China, overseas people can purchase tickets following the same procedures as domestic public. (进入中国后，海外人士可以按照与国内公众相同的程序购买门票。)”可知，海外人士购买杭州亚运会门票可按照国内公众相同的程序购买。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据四个以设问出现的标题以及下面的回答可知，本文应摘自网站上的问答环节部分。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性。 4. 细节理解题。根据第二段“As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind.(当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实)”可知，当艺术老师叫作者时，作者正在努力获得一些富有创造力的思路。故选B。 5. 推理判断题。根据第二段“As everyone started to use their creative ideas to draw, I was only trying to think of something creative that could express my thoughts and emotions. Lost in my own world, I was brought back to reality when my art teacher called my name from behind. She came to me and encouraged me, saying, “Don’t overthink it, just put whatever comes to your mind on the canvas (画布). Do your best, and you will do well.”(当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实。她走到我面前鼓励我，说：“不要想得太多，只要把你想到的都写在画布上。尽你所能，你就会做得很好。”)”可知，别的学生已经开始画画了，但是作者还在苦苦构思；且艺术老师对作者说：“不要想太多，只要把你想到的东西画在画布上就行了。”这些都说明作者觉得这次比赛对自己来说很难，很有挑战性。故选C。 6. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“To my surprise, I heard my name being called second prize. It was a bolt from the blue for me, as I had never dared to dream of winning any prize.(令我惊讶的是，我听到二等奖里有自己的名字。这对我来说是bolt from the blue，因为我从来不敢梦想赢得任何奖项)”可知，作者做梦都不敢想能得到任何奖品，所以听到自己获奖的消息后感到非常惊讶，划线部分表示“震惊，惊讶”,与surprise同义。故选D。 7. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Overall, this experience taught me the importance of encouraging others and how a few kind words can make a significant impact on someone’s life.(总的来说，这段经历教会了我鼓励他人的重要性，以及几句友善的话如何对某人的生活产生重大影响)”以及文章内容可知，作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性，所以“鼓励的力量”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迟到的原因可能能与性格特征相关，并提出了一些相应的策略。 8．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词paradox前文的内容“There are all sorts of punishments for being late(对于迟到，有各种各样的惩罚)”和后文的内容“we are late even when those punishments and consequences exist.(即使存在惩罚和后果，我们仍然会迟到)”可知，前文提出迟到了会有相应的惩罚，后文提出即使受到惩罚，但我们还是会迟到，故此处的划线词与D项“令人费解的事、难题”意思相近，迟到了会受到惩罚，令人费解的就是即使有惩罚，我们仍然会迟到，故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Another trait is that forever -late-comers are more likely to be multitaskers.(永远迟到的人的另一个特点可能是多重任务的)”可知，永远迟到的人的特点可能是一次要处理很多任务，是多重任务的，故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But scientists are starting to work on strategies that can slowly improve our punctuality. For people who constantly underestimate tasks, breaking down an activity into detailed steps can help people estimate how long something will take more accurately.(对于那些经常低估任务的人来说，将一项任务分解成详细的步骤可以帮助人们准确地估计这项任务花的时间。)”可知，对于那些经常迟到的人，他们可以将任务分解成一些小任务，从而更好的估计任务所花费的时间，故选C。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Anyone can be late a handful of times, but to be the person who is always late - that’s an art, a frustrating art. Or, a side effect of your personality traits, scientists have found.(任何人都可能迟到几次，但要成为一个总是迟到的人，这是一门艺术，一门令人沮丧的艺术。或者，科学家发现，这是你性格特征点副作用。)”以及后文对迟到人的特征的分析可知，本文主要介绍迟到可能是与性格相关的，故选C。
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者针对新西兰《雇佣关系法》的个人申诉条款禁止雇主没有正当理由的情况下解雇员工的条款发表个人观点，他认为这一条款有利于保护普通工人的利益，但是对企业和社会的发展也带来一定的阻碍作用。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Personal grievance procedures were designed to guard the jobs of ordinary workers from “unjustified dismissals.”（个人申诉程序旨在保护普通工人的工作不受“不正当解雇”的影响。）可知，个人申诉程序的目的是保护普通工人的权益。故选D项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段“But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives. As countless boards and business owners will attest, constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance.”（但是当这些规定适用于高新经理和高管时，会给企业带来困难。正如无数的董事会和企业主将证明的那样，限制公司解雇表现不佳，收入高的经理是提高生产率和整体业绩的一种阻碍。）可知，由于雇佣关系法的保护企业很难辞退业绩平庸的高管和经理，这就给企业的发展带来困难。故选A项。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Across the Tasman Sea, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradox by excluding employees earning above a specified “high-income threshold” from the protection of its unfair dismissal laws.”（在塔斯曼海对岸，澳大利亚应对不正当解雇谬论的方法，是将收入超过特定“高收入门槛”的雇员排除在其不公平解雇法的保护之外。）可知，澳大利亚的企业主不接受雇佣关系法对高收入雇员的保护，推断出澳大利亚的高收入门槛对企业主相对有利。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives.”（但是当这些规定适用于高薪经理和高管时，会给企业带来困难。）和第七段“Society also suffers from excessive employment protections.”（社会也遭受了过度就业保护带来的困难。）可推知，作者对于新西兰《雇佣关系法》的个人申诉条款所能带对于社会和企业的利益持有怀疑态度。故选B项。
【答案】16．A 17．B 18．G 19．F 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要对“收集”这一爱好进行了说明。 16．根据上文“Collecting hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and money that could surely be put to much more productive use. And yet there are millions of collectors around the world.( 收集数百甚至数千张明信片、巧克力包装纸或其他任何东西都需要时间、精力和金钱，而这些肯定可以用于更高效的用途。然而，世界各地仍有数以百万计的收藏家)”可知上文提出了一种矛盾现象，下文要对这种现象表达疑问并解释，与A项“Why do they do it ( 他们为什么这么做？)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 17．根据下文“Buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of achievement.(低买高卖可以给收藏家一种成就感)”可知此处上下文说的是心理因素，与B项“But there may well be a psychological element, too(但很可能也有心理因素)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 18．根据上文“Many collectors collect to develop their social life(许多收藏家为了发展他们的社交生活而收藏)”可知此处上下文说的是收藏与社交活动的关系，与G项“They attend meetings of groups collectors and exchange information on items(他们参加团体收藏家会议，并就物品交换信息)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 19．根据上文“There are the people who collect because they want to make money.( 有些人收集是因为他们想赚钱)”、“Many collectors collect to develop their social life(许多收藏家为了发展他们的社交生活而收藏)”以及“Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this(有些人可能一生都在寻找这个)”可知，很多人收藏是有目标的，与F项“Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless.( 从心理学上讲，这会给一种没有目标的生活带来一个目标)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 20．根据下文“Stamp collecting, for example, opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. Similarly, many collectors collect fossils, animals and plants from around the globe, and their collections provided a vast amount of information about the natural world(例如，集邮为其他国家以及邮票上的植物、动物或名人打开了一扇窗户。同样，许多收藏家从世界各地收集化石、动物和植物，他们的收藏提供了大量关于自然世界的信息)”可知此处上下文说的是收藏的潜在教育价值，与C项“Another potential reason for it is its educational value(另一个潜在的原因是它的教育价值)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．A 【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚做完手术从医院乘坐出租车回家，当时出租车很颠簸，作者害怕自己再次受伤，对司机感到很不满，但是作者的母亲却对司机进行赞扬，结果司机改变了驾驶行为，由此作者感慨到：赞扬的力量强大。 1． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但事实上，我28岁了，仍然很害怕，希望我母亲能使一切都好起来。A. scared恐惧的；B. tired疲倦的；C. upset难过的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“I was in the back seat of a yellow taxi grabbing my mother’s hand like a 5-year-old(我坐在一辆黄色出租车的后座上，像个5岁的孩子一样抓住母亲的手)”以及“I was 28 years old(我28岁了)”可知，28岁的作者坐在出租车上，像个5岁的孩子一样紧握着母亲的手，由此可推出，作者当时像个孩子一样感到恐惧，故选A项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们刚从医院回家，我戴着一个全身支架，一周前从脊柱手术中幸存下来，前往我在旧金山的小公寓。A. shelter避难所；B. hospital医院；C. college大学；D. countryside乡村。根据下文“I was in a full-body brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的) surgery exactly a week earlier(我戴着一个全身支架，一周前从脊柱手术中幸存下来)”可知，作者从医院出院要回家，故选B项。 3． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次出租车在陡峭的山丘上颠簸时，我都觉得自己的骨头错位了。A. bounced颠簸；B. blocked堵塞；C. interrupted打断；D. trapped使陷入困境。根据下文“I doubted that I would get hurt again during the journey(我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”可知，作者当时坐在出租车里，怕自己因为颠簸再次受伤，故选A项。 4． 考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. out of shape变形；B. out of reach够不着；C. out of control失去控制；D. out of place位置不当；错位。根据上文“Each time the taxi bounced over the steep hills, I felt as if my bones were(每次出租车在陡峭的山丘上颠簸时，我都觉得自己的骨头好像……)”以及下文“I doubted that I would get hurt again during the journey(我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”可知，出租车颠簸，作者害怕骨头错位再次受伤，即骨头错位，故选D项。 5． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫，或者至少抱怨一下，这时我母亲探出头来，爽朗地说：“谢谢！”A. whisper低语；B. explain解释；C. warn警告；D. complain抱怨。根据上文“I doubted that I would get hurt again during the journey(我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”以及“I was about to open my mouth to shout at the driver or at least(我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫，或者至少……)”可知，出租车很颠簸，作者害怕自己再次受伤，由此可知，作者对出租车的驾驶行为不满，打算抱怨，故选D项。 6． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：司机从镜子里怀疑地瞥了我们一眼。A. especially尤其；特别；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. properly适当地；D. personally亲自地。根据上文“I was about to open my mouth to shout at the driver or at least(我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫，或者至少……)”以及下文“You’re just the best driver I’ve ever seen(你是我见过的最好的司机)”可知，作者和母亲对出租车司机的态度相反，由此可知，司机用怀疑的眼神看着他们，故选B项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这些山上开车一定很难。A. interesting有趣的；B. hard难的；C. easy容易的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“These hills(这些山)”以及下文“to drive on(在上面开车)”以及结合上文母亲赞美司机车技好可知，母亲说“在山上开车一定很难”，换言之，母亲在赞美司机车技好，故选B项。 8． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. great伟大的；D. guilty内疚的。根据下文“Because of you, she’s going to get home safe.( 因为你，她得以安全回家)”可推理出，作者的母亲对司机从语言上表示感激，故选A项。 9． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我女儿背部做了手术，身体很虚弱。A.proud骄傲的；B. patient耐心的；C. weak虚弱的；D. soft柔软的。根据上文“My daughter had surgery on her back(我女儿背部做了手术)”可知，作者背部做了手术，所以目前身体虚弱，故选C项。 10． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在镜子里，我可以看到司机骄傲地微笑着。A. shaking摇晃；B. smiling微笑；C. joking开玩笑；D. applauding鼓掌。根据上文“Because of you, she’s going to get home safe. Thank you. You’re wonderful.(因为你，她得以安全回家。非常感谢。你太棒了)”可知，作者的母亲对司机表达了感激，所以司机感到高兴，回报以微笑，故选B项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到一阵愤怒，但还没来得及反驳母亲的话，奇迹就发生了。A.embarrassment尴尬；B. pity同情；C. satisfaction满足；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“I was about to open my mouth to shout at the driver(我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫)”以及“In the mirror, I could see the driver smiling proudly(在镜子里，我可以看到司机骄傲地微笑)”可知，作者本来就对司机的驾驶行为不满，再看到司机骄傲地笑，可推理出作者对此感到愤怒，故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. receive收到；B. forgive原谅；C. contradict反驳；D. recognize认出。根据上文“Because of you, she’s going to get home safe. Thank you. You’re wonderful.(因为你，她得以安全回家。非常感谢。你太棒了)”以及“I felt a flash of anger(我感到一阵愤怒)”可知，作者并不认可母亲的话，打算说些什么进行反驳，故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边，以确保每次转弯都能顺利行驶。A. expect期望；B. experience经历；C. delay拖延；D. ensure确保。根据上文“He stretched his neck left and right to(他把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边)”以及下文“a smooth ride(顺利行驶)”可知，司机把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边是为了确保顺利行驶，故选D项。 14． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个危机时刻，我聪明的母亲本能地做的事对我来说是显而易见的：赞美是强大的。A. crisis危机；B. account账户；C. guidance指导；D. recognition认出。根据上文“I was in a full-body brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的) surgery exactly a week earlier and headed to my tiny apartment in San Francisco. Each time the taxi bounced over the steep hills, I felt as if my bones were out of place . I doubted that I would get hurt again during the journey.( 一周前，我从脊柱手术中幸存下来，当时我戴着全身支架，前往我在旧金山的小公寓。每次出租车在陡峭的山丘上颠簸时，我都觉得自己的骨头好像错位了。我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”可知，作者手术刚结束，出租车司机的颠簸让作者感受到危机，担心自己再次受伤，由此可知，作者认为这是那是危机，故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. Praise赞美；B. Love爱；C. Trust信任；D. Communication交流。根据上文“Because of you, she’s going to get home safe. Thank you. You’re wonderful.(因为你，她得以安全回家。非常感谢。你太棒了)”以及“a miracle happened. The driver slowed down. He stretched his neck left and right to ensure a smooth ride before making each turn. Indeed, he drove us home like the best driver I’d ever seen.(奇迹发生了。司机放慢了车速。他把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边，以确保每次转弯前都能顺利行驶。事实上，他像我见过的最好的司机一样开车送我们回家)”可知，在作者母亲的赞美之下，司机改变了驾驶行为，作者感慨赞美的力量的强大，故选A项。
【答案】 1．quiets 2．causing 3．that 4．it 5．reduction/reducing 6．played 7．simply 8．that/which 9．sleepy 10．with 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对我们有强烈的影响，不同的音乐有不同的影响。快节奏的音乐有助于我们更好地集中注意力。活泼的音乐使我们感到更高兴。慢节奏的音乐让我们的大脑安静下来，让我们放松。 1．考查时态。句意：慢节奏的音乐让我们的大脑安静下来，让我们放松。作谓语，结合后文makes可知为一般现在时，主语为slower music，谓语用三单形式。故填quiets。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：新发现表明，每分钟60拍左右的音乐可以使大脑与节拍同步，从而产生阿尔法脑电波。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且作结果状语应用现在分词。故填causing。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。此处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that且第二个宾语从句的连词that不能省略。故填that。 4．考查it用法。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。指代前文提到的music应用代词it。故填it。 5．考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。此处作定语修饰tool，表示“减压”可用名词reduction，或-ing形式reducing。故填reduction/reducing。 6．考查省略句。句意：有点令人惊讶的是：鼓和笛子即使演奏得有点大声，也能对放松大脑有积极的作用。在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，相当于省略了Drums and flutes are。故填played。 7．考查副词。句意：我们可以从简单地探索网页上的音乐开始。修饰动词explore应用副词simply，作状语。故填simply。 8．考查定语从句。句意：只要选择能让我们平静下来，让我们感到放松的音乐。定语从句修饰先行词music，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 9．考查形容词。句意：但请记住，让我们的大脑安静下来并不意味着我们听音乐会感到困倦。作表语，应用形容词sleepy。故填sleepy。 10．考查介词。句意：有了新的冷静的自己，我们就能在许多活动中做到最好。此处为with十n.结构，作状语。故填with。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【3】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校联考期中)
Travel has become increasingly inconvenient and sometimes impossible over the last couple of years. However, museums around the world are digitizing their collections, enabling people to tour the museums from afar.
The British Museum, London
The British Museum contains objects from around the world, including the Rosetta Stone, with three versions of a text that helped researchers learn to read ancient Egyptian. The Great Court’s ceiling, in the middle of the museum, is composed of 3212 pieces of glass, none of which are alike. The virtual tour of the museum offers a 360-degree view of the room, allowing visitors to look at every piece.
MASP, S o Paulo
The first modern museum in Brazil, the Museu de Arte de S o Paulo includes art from the 14th to the 20th centuries. The paintings, which are placed on glass panels, appear to be floating in mid-air. This setup, included in the virtual tour shows, makes the art appear almost magical.
National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Korea
This Korean museum includes four branches in different cities and features works of art from Korea and around the world. The art includes a variety of media such as print, sculpture and photography. There are also online exhibitions such as “Artists in Their Times” which traces trends in Korean art since the late 1970s.
The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles County
This museum, with locations in two different places, features art going back to The Neolithic Period. Its virtual tour, accessible through Google Arts & Culture, offers views of more recent works, including some by van Gogh and Renoir. Another platform, Xplorlt, also features views of some of the museum’s outdoor spaces.
1. What can we learn about The British Museum
A. It is best known for the Rosetta Stone. B. It tells the changes of ancient Egyptian.
C. It is made up of several pieces of glass. D. It houses exhibits from different countries.
2. Which museum may suit visitors interested in van Gogh’s works
A. The British Museum.
B. MASP, S o Paulo.
C. National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art.
D. The J. Paul Getty Museum.
3. What do the listed museums have in common
A. They have several branches. B. They display their paintings in mid-air.
C. They can be visited in your own home. D. They are accessible on Google Arts & Culture.
B
(2023·山东济南·山东师范大学附中校考模拟预测)
When he went outside during the break, John Buettner would dream of learning the monkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, so they aren’t accessible to him — in fact, most of the playground at Glen Lake Elementary School isn’t. Betsy Julien would look out at the students in their wheelchairs, and thought, “Our playground is not set up for everybody in the school to play and have fun.”
Now, thanks to this teacher and her students, that dream is about to come true in a bigger way.
Last fall, Julien and a few of her colleagues applied for, and won, a grant for an accessible swing and merry-go-round. The grant fell $ 35,000 short of the amount the school needed, so Julien asked her class to help raise the rest.
Her students jumped at the idea, and took it a step further. “Why can’t we make the whole playground accessible ” said Hadley Mangan. They brainstormed ideas on how to raise money: door-knocking, partnering with restaurants, handing out flyers, and even cold-calling local businesses. They got to work and reached their goal in a matter of weeks. Now, they aim to raise $1 million so they can completely transform their playground.
Last week, Julien loaded the students for a field trip to see how the equipment is built and even got to color in a blueprint of the playground design. Buettner said he could hardly believe how quickly an idea turned into reality. “All of this equipment is big enough for my friends and I to play on. I just feel some sense of capability.”
Julien speaks through tears, too, when reflecting on the project and the transformation. “Anything we raise beyond our goal will go towards accessible equipment at neighboring schools. I hope that the world is accepting and inclusive for every child.”
4. What’s the problem with the school playground
A. Little playing space. B. Limited accessibility.
C. Poor construction funding. D. Narrow wheelchair passage.
5. What does the underlined phrase “a step further” refer to
A. Donating more money. B. Achieving original goals.
C. Asking more people for help. D. Transforming the whole playground.
6. What can we infer from Buettner’s words
A. He engages more in donation. B. He has more faith in himself.
C. He becomes an expert in sports. D. He gets more involved in contests.
7. What can we learn from Julien’s story
A. Hard work matters. B. Kindness bears fruits.
C. Good ideas win favor. D. Trust promotes friendship.
C
（2023·山东青岛·高三统考期末）
In life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.
Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. The psychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.
The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.
Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”
8．What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The experiment. B．Functional fixedness.
C．The path. D．The thinking.
9．Which way is hard to think of to complete the task
A．Tacking the candle to the wall.
B．Fixing the candle with melted wax.
C．Using the tack box as a candle-holder.
D．Lighting the candle to stand it.
10．Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with
A．People should question.
B．We should be used to the way things are.
C．People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.
D．The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.
11．What's the passage mainly about
A．An interesting experiment
B．A psychological phenomenon.
C．A theory to be proved.
D．The opinion of Hannah Arendt.
D
（2023·上海青浦·校考一模）
Have you ever noticed that some difficult situations tend to repeat themselves Does it seem as if you married or dated the same kind of person several times in different bodies with different names Have you run into the same type of boss over and over again If you don't deal well with authority figures at home, then you will have an opportunity to deal with them out in the world.
You may try desperately to avoid these repeated difficult situations, which seem to have become your set patterns, but they will eventually catch up with you. The only way you can free yourself of them is to shift your perspective on them seriously and persistently. To face the challenge means you need to bravely accept the fact that something within you keeps drawing you to the same kind of person or issue repeatedly in your life. This is no easy task, since it means you have to change, and to change is not always easy. Staying just as you certainly is comfortable in its familiarity, but does not help you advance spiritually.
Rising to the challenge of identifying and releasing your patterns forces you to admit that the way you have been doing things isn't working. However, the good news is that by identifying and releasing your patterns, you actually learn how to change. In order to facilitate your process of change, you will need willingness and patience.
When struggling to make a change, ask yourself, "How willing am I, really, to make this change " If you truly want to change, you will make a commitment to the process of it. If you absolutely hate getting stuck in traffic, chances are that you need a little work in the area of patience. And, chances are, you will probably get stuck in more traffic jams than someone who has patience. It is not because the universe has a sense of humor. You just notice and care about the traffic more than someone who has patience. Remember, you just need willingness and a little patience. Once you master these, you will most likely find the challenge of identifying and releasing your patterns far less frightening.
12．How can you get rid of repeated difficult situations in your life
A．By trying your best to avoid those disappointing situations.
B．By taking a different attitude towards previous life.
C．By gathering up the courage to change your identity.
D．By changing your viewpoint on them with great determination.
13．What's the author's attitude towards the idea of staying just as you are
A．Disapproving. B．Skeptical C．Supportive. D．Casual
14．What does the underlined word "facilitate" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Promote B．Postpone C．Influence D．Overlook
15．What is the effect of mastering willingness and patience according to the passage
A．Guiding you to identify your old patterns.
B．Making your changes become easier.
C．Challenging you with difficult patterns.
D．Arousing your inner desire to challenge yourself.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·陕西榆林·高三校考期中）
Moving your body regularly and often is a key to good health. But for people who don’t feel the urge to exercise, sitting can become a habit that hurts the body and the brain. Here are some easy tips that will invite more movement into your routines.
Budget in some mobile breaks.
16 For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around. Schools and workplaces can be creative about building those breaks into the day.
Give yourself prompts (提示).
Are you forgetting to get up 17 Let it remind you to “break up” an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple, says Aaron Kandola at University College London. For example, you might use the short break to empty the dishwasher or pick up the dog’s toys.
18
“If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. 19 For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.
Use the partner system.
Work with friends to remind each other to stand up and stretch. Or remind each other to stand when you’re on the phone. Get your family involved, too. Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often stand to reach for something or even jump during the games. 20
A．Seek for challenges.
B．Work with what you have.
C．Set an alarm clock if you have to.
D．Or try short online exercise videos.
E．No one sits still for long, she says.
F．Make a conscious effort and set simple goals
G．Exercise videos help them to realize their health goals
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·吉林省长春·高三上学期质量监测（一））
I’m a 47-year-old teacher. I am so blessed to work in the greatest 1 for 20 years. Despite the 2 schedule and hard work, I finish each day feeling I have made a 3 . This is the drive that keeps me 4 and passionate. As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.”
When I was named Maryland Teacher of the Year, I received a congratulatory e-mail from a former student who is now 5 Georgetown University and is a leader in the student-run Women in Politics group. Recently, I watched a college basketball game to find another former student 6 up and down the court for Georgetown. Walking through a supermarket yesterday, I 7 encountered a former student, who handed me a business card for the company he started, at age twenty-two. Another student said he is in the 8 of applying for law school at Howard University. Believe it or not, I 9 former students with similar success stories nearly every week.
Seeing their success and knowing that I was able to make a small 10 to their success is the greatest 11 . Those glorious moments 12 me to continue hoping to play a role in the life of every child. Sometimes, while I am watching my 13 students working in class, I try to 14 what they will be doing ten years from now. I would not 15 my career for any other. I literally touch the future every day.
1．A．business B．company C．profession D．project
2．A．light B．tight C．flexible D．casual
3．A．difference B．fortune C．name D．promise
4．A．generous B．independent C．curious D．inspired
5．A．leaving B．joining C．attending D．visiting
6．A．cheering B．pacing C．judging D．running
7．A．unavoidably B．unexpectedly C．unconditionally D．unquestioningly
8．A．habit B．form C．hope D．process
9．A．came across B．picked up C．calmed down D．turned to
10．A．change B．contribution C．proposal D．chance
11．A．help B．praise C．reward D．response
12．A．pressure B．block C．fuel D．corner
13．A．current B．regular C．top D．average
14．A．realize B．picture C．confirm D．doubt
15．A．charge B．prepare C．provide D．trade
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中)
In one club in Beijing, for example, players enter into a fictional martial arts school 1 they wear costumes and assume roles like a peach fairy or a dragon. The script offers character backgrounds, relationships and potential storylines. The plot develops as the players go around the table, talking in character, taking clues from the script and the host. In the end, they vote on 2 they think the murderer might be.
The whodunits may be imaginary, 3 they provide a real-world alternative for young Chinese people who spend increasing amounts of time on their screens. The country’s one billion Internet users spend much of their time on their phones, 4 (cause) worries from the public and the government alike about too much screen time. The government’s concerns over children in particular 5 (lead) it to restrict video game time for minors recently.
The games also provide free-flowing opportunities for young people to get together, something 6 can be rare in China, according to Kecheng Fang, an assistant professor in the School of Journalism and Communication at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. The games provide “ 7 participatory experience and a way of socializing, which is 8 (miss) from the life of many Chinese young people,” Dr. Fang said. They are 9 (lack) in participation in civic affairs, community 10 (engage) and meaningful socialization.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个博物馆以及各自的特色。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The British Museum contains objects from around the world, including the Rosetta Stone, with three versions of a text that helped researchers learn to read ancient Egyptian.(大英博物馆收藏了来自世界各地的物品，包括罗塞塔石碑，其中有三种文本版本，帮助研究人员学习阅读古埃及语)”可知，大英博物馆容纳了来自不同国家的展品。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Its virtual tour, accessible through Google Arts & Culture, offers views of more recent works, including some by van Gogh and Renoir.(通过谷歌艺术与文化网站的虚拟之旅，可以看到更多的近期作品，包括梵高和雷诺阿的一些作品)”可知，保罗盖蒂博物馆适合对梵高作品感兴趣的游客。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The virtual tour of the museum offers a 360-degree view of the room, allowing visitors to look at every piece. (虚拟的博物馆之旅提供了360度的房间视野，让游客可以看到每一件作品)”；第三段中“This setup, included in the virtual tour shows, makes the art appear almost magical. (这种设置，包括在虚拟巡回展览中，使艺术看起来几乎是神奇的)”；第四段中“There are also online exhibitions such as “Artists in Their Times” which traces trends in Korean art since the late 1970s. (在网上也有追溯70年代末以后韩国美术动向的“时代艺术家”等展览)”以及最后一段中“Its virtual tour, accessible through Google Arts & Culture, offers views of more recent works, including some by van Gogh and Renoir.(通过谷歌艺术与文化网站的虚拟之旅，可以看到更多的近期作品，包括梵高和雷诺阿的一些作品)”可知，列出的博物馆的共同之处是可以在你自己家里参观它们。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了John Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生 在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。 4. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He uses a wheelchair, so they aren’t accessible to him — in fact, most of the playground at Glen Lake Elementary School isn’t. (他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦 湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”可知，学校操场的问题是对于使用轮椅的人来说并不方便，即无障碍环境 有限，故选B。 5. 词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“so Julien asked her class to help raise the rest.(所以朱利安让她的学生帮忙 筹集剩下的钱。)”和下文““Why can’t we make the whole playground accessible ” said Hadley Mangan. (“为什 么我们不能让整个操场都变得方便呢？”哈德利·曼根说。)”可知，Julien让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱，她 的学生欣然接受了，并决定筹集钱把整个操场改造一下，弄得更方便，由此可推知，“a step further”指的是 改造整个操场，故选D。 6. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Buettner所说的话“I just feel some sense of capability(我只是觉得自己有能 力)”可推知，Buettner 对自己更加有信心，故选B。 7 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“When he went outside during the break, John Buettner would dream of learning the monkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, so they aren’t accessible to him — in fact, most of the playground at Glen Lake Elementary School isn’t. (课间休息时，约翰·比特纳出去玩时，总是梦想着学习单杠。 他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”和第二段中 “Now, thanks to this teacher and her students, that dream is about to come true in a bigger way.(现在，多亏了这位 老师和她的学生，这个梦想即将以更大的方式实现。)”可知，文章主要讲述了John Buettner的老师和同学为 了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。由此可推知， 从这个故事中可以得知，善良会结出果实。故选B。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象的实验。 8．代词指代题。根据前一句This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.可知这是一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。根据划线词所在句子This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:可知这个经典的实验将让你了解它是如何起作用的，还会让你知道你是否会掉入同样的陷阱。结合上文可知这里的it就是前文的“(functional fixedness)功能固着”，故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. ..from functional fixedness.可知成功实现的方法就是把钉盒用作烛台。你需要把盒子清空，把它钉在墙上，然后把蜡烛放在里面。要考虑到这一点，你必须超越盒子通常的作用，不再把它看作是一个仅仅是为了图钉而设计的盒子，而是把它重新想象成一个有全新的用途的工具。这是困难的，因为我们都或多或少地承受着功能固着的痛苦。也就是说把钉盒用作烛台这个方法是很难想到的。故选C项。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase…also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.”可知政治理论家汉娜·阿伦特创造了“冻结思维”一词，它用来描述我们不再质疑、但应该质疑的根深蒂固的想法。阿伦特认为，自满的依赖这些公认的事实使人们对不符合他们世界观的想法视而不见，即使有足够的证据支持这些想法。由此可以推断汉娜·阿伦特会赞同“人们需要质疑”这个想法。故选A项。 11．主旨大意题。文章第一段提出存在着一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。后几段介绍了一个经典实验让读者了解功能固着这种心理现象是如何起作用的，最后介绍了汉娜·阿伦特创造了“冻结思维”一词，用来描述我们不再质疑、但应该质疑的根深蒂固的想法。全文都围绕着功能固着这一心理现象在描写。故选B项。
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．A 15．B 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章认为面对生活中反复出现的困境，我们应该通过下定决心改变观点来摆脱，通过坚定的耐心和意愿来促进改变。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The only way you can free yourself of them is to shift your perspective on them seriously and persistently.”(唯一能让你摆脱它们的方法就是认真而持久地改变你对它们的看法。)可知，你可以通过下定决心改变你的观点来摆脱生活中反复出现的困境。故选D。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“This is no easy task, since it means you have to change, and to change is not always easy. Staying just as you certainly is comfortable in its familiarity, but does not help you advance spiritually. ”(这不是一项容易的任务，因为这意味着你必须改变，而改变并不总是容易的。待在熟悉的环境中，你当然感到舒适，但这并不能帮助你在精神上进步。)可知，作者对保持原样的态度是不赞同的。故选A。 14．词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“you will need willingness and patience”(你需要意愿和耐心)可知，此处是指需要用意愿和耐心来促进改变。所以facilitate意为“促进”。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Once you master these, you will most likely find the challenge of identifying and releasing your patterns far less frightening.”(一旦你掌握了这些，你很可能会发现识别和释放你的模式的挑战就不再那么可怕了。)和第二句 “If you truly want to change, you will make a commitment to the process of it.”(如果你真的想要改变，你就要对改变的过程做出承诺。)可知，根据文章，掌握意愿和耐心的效果是使你的改变变得更容易。故选B。
【答案】16．F 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。久坐不利于身体健康，因此我们应该多运动。本文主要介绍了四条如何在日常生活中多动少坐的建议。 16．根据本标题“Budget in some mobile breaks.”（一些移动休息时间的预算。）可知，本段主要介绍要多给自己移动休息的时间， 下文“For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around.”（例如，你坐着的每一个小时，你可能希望自己起床10分钟并且四处走动。）举例子说明要设定一些目标，F项“有意识地努力并设定简单的目标”符合。故选F。 17. 根据本段的小标题“Give yourself prompts (提示).”（给自己一些提示）及空后“Let it remind you to ‘break up’ an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple...”（让它提醒你为了一些简单的事情“打破”一个小时的坐着和短暂的休息）可知，要给自己一些提示，空处应该具体介绍下文的“it”，C项“如果有必要的话，你可以设置一个闹钟”符合，这是一种提示，下文it代指选项中an alarm clock。故选C。 18. 根据本段的内容““If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. ”（巴尔的摩Just TATI的塔蒂亚娜 沃伦(Tatiana Warren)表示: “如果天气不错，你肯定应该出去散散步。”如果天气不好，计划其他选择。你可以在房间里跳舞或者原地慢跑。）可知，本段主要讲述在现有的条件下尽可能运动，故B项“ 利用你所拥有的。”符合本段主题。故选B。 19. 下文“For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.”（例如，俄亥俄州的莱克县基督教青年会(Lake County YMCA)就有8到12分钟的免费儿童瑜伽视频。他们的主题包括星球大战，恐龙和丛林。）举例说明可以在网上看一些有关运动的视频，D项“或者可以尝试网上的运动短视频”符合。故选D。 20. 根据空前“Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often stand to reach for something or even jump during the games.”（沃伦说她表亲的家人喜欢玩棋类游戏。但是他们经常站着去拿东西，甚至在比赛中跳起来。）可知，沃伦的家人不会一动不动地一直坐着，E项“她说没有人长时间一动不动地坐着”符合。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己的教书事业并为之感到自豪。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运能在最伟大的职业中工作20年。A. business商业；B. company公司；C. profession职业；D. project项目。根据“I’m a 47-year-old teacher.(我是一名47岁的教师。)”可知，作者做教师工作有20年了。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管日程安排很紧，工作也很辛苦，但每天结束时我都觉得自己有所作为。A. light亮的；B. tight紧身的，紧贴的；C. flexible灵活的；D. casual随意的。根据“hard work(工作也很辛苦)”可知，作者的日程安排很紧。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. difference不同；B. fortune幸运；C. name名字；D. promise承诺。根据“As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.”(正如Christa ' McAuliffe所说，“我触及未来，我教书。”)”可知，作者认为自己的教书工作，触及未来，所以教书每天结束时。都觉得自己有所作为。make a difference有意义，有所作为。故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是激励我的动力，让我充满激情。A. generous慷慨的；B. independent独立的；C. curious好奇的；D. inspired激励人的。根据“As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.”(正如Christa ' McAuliffe所说，“我触及未来，我教书。”)”以及“passionate(热情的)”可知，作者认为自己的教书工作，触及未来，作者充满激情，备受激励。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我被评为马里兰州年度最佳教师时，我收到了一封来自一位学生的祝贺邮件，她现在就读于乔治城大学，是学生组织的“女性参政”小组的负责人。A. leaving离开；B. joining连接，接合；C. attending参加，上；D. visiting拜访。根据“Georgetown University(乔治城大学)”可知，作者的学生现在就读于乔治城大学。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我看了一场大学篮球赛，发现另一位乔治城大学的以前自己的学生在球场上跑来跑去。A. cheering喝彩；B. pacing踱步；C. judging判断；D. running跑步。根据“I watched a college basketball game(我看了一场大学篮球赛)”可知，作者看了一场大学篮球赛，发现自己的学生在球场上跑来跑去。故选D。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：昨天在逛超市的时候，我意外地遇到了一个以前的学生，他递给我一张他22岁时创办的公司的名片。A. unavoidably不可避免地；B. unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地；C. unconditionally无条件地；D. unquestioningly 不犹豫地， 绝对地。根据“Walking through a supermarket yesterday(昨天在逛超市的时候)”可知，作者在逛超市的时候，意外地遇到了一个以前的学生。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一名学生说他正在申请霍华德大学的法学院。A. habit习惯；B. form形成；C. hope希望；D. process过程。根据“applying for law school at Howard University (申请霍华德大学的法学院)”可知，另一名学生说他正在申请霍华德大学的法学院。故选D。 9．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：信不信由你，我几乎每周都能遇到有类似成功故事的以前的学生。A. came across碰见；B. picked up捡起；C. calmed down平静；D. turned to转向。根据“Walking through a supermarket yesterday, I 　　7　　 encountered a former student, who handed me a business card for the company he started, at age twenty-two. (昨天在逛超市的时候，我意外地遇到了一个以前的学生，他递给我一张他22岁时创办的公司的名片)”可知，作者在讲述自己碰到学生的经历。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他们的成功，知道自己能为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献，这是最大的回报。A. change改变；B. contribution贡献；C. proposal提议，建议；D. chance机会。根据“to their success(为他们的成功)”可知，作者教书，为他们的成功做出了一份贡献。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. help帮助；B. praise赞扬；C. reward报酬；D. response回应。根据“Seeing their success and knowing that I was able to make a small 　　10　　 to their success(看到他们的成功，知道自己能为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献)”可知，作者为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献，看到他们的成功作者认为是最大的回报。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些光荣的时刻激励着我继续希望在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用。A. pressure压力；B. block阻碍；C. fuel刺激，加剧；D. corner角落。根据“to continue hoping to play a role in the life of every child(我继续希望在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用)”可知，光荣的时刻激励着作者继续在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用。故选C。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，当我看着我现在的学生在课堂上学习时，我试着想象他们十年后会做什么。A. current现行的，当前的；B. regular定期的；C. top顶端的，顶部的；D. average平均的。根据“working in class(在课堂上学习)”可知，作者指的是现在的学生。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. realize意识到；B. picture想象；绘画，拍摄；C. confirm证实；D. doubt怀疑。根据“what they will be doing ten years from now.(十年后他们会做什么)”可知，作者想象学生十年后会做什么。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会拿我的事业去换别的。我每天都在触摸未来。A. charge充电；B. prepare准备；C. provide提供；D. trade贸易，交换。根据“I literally touch the future every day(我每天都在触摸未来)”可知，作者不会拿自己的事业去换别的。故选D。
【答案】1. where 2. who 3. but 4. causing 5. have led 6. that 7. a 8. Missing 9. lacking 10. engagement 【详解】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了广受追捧的剧本杀游戏。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：例如，在北京的一个俱乐部里，玩家们进入一个虚构的武术学校，在那里他们穿着戏服，扮演桃仙或龙之类的角色。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 fictional martial arts school，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 2. 考查宾语从句。句意：最后，他们投票选出他们认为凶手可能是谁。分析句子结构，此处考查介词后的宾语从句，从句缺表语，指人，所以填连接代词who。故填who。 3. 考查连词。句意：这些侦探小说可能是虚构的，但它们为在屏幕上花费越来越多时间的中国年轻人提供了一个现实世界的选择。由句意可知，“imaginary”和“a real-world alternative”之间构成转折关系，所以空处填连词but。故填but。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国有10亿互联网用户，他们的大部分时间都花在手机上，这引起了公众和政府对屏幕时间过长的担忧。分析句子成分，该句子的谓语动词是spend，所以空处填非谓语动词，由句意可知，“过多时间花费在手机”这件事情主动造成了担忧，所以用现在分词作状语，即causing。故填causing。 5. 考查谓语动词时态。句意：政府对儿童的担忧导致其最近限制了未成年人玩电子游戏的时间。分析句子成分，该空在句中作谓语动词。由提示词“recently”和句意可知，时态为现在完成时，主语是复数名词concerns，所以填have led。故填have led。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：香港中文大学新闻与传播学院助理教授方克成表示，这些游戏还为年轻人提供了自由交流的机会，这在中国可能很少见。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词something，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that。故填that。 7. 考查冠词。句意：方博士说：“这些游戏提供了“一种参与性的体验和一种社交方式，这是许多中国年轻人生活中缺失的。” 空后是可数名词单数experience，所以空处填不定冠词，表泛指。participatory发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故填a。 8. 考查形容词和固定短语。句意：方博士说：“这些游戏提供了“一种参与性的体验和一种社交方式，这是许多中国年轻人生活中缺失的。”空前是系动词is，结合句意，此处填形容词missing作表语，表示“丢失的”，构成固定短语be missing from,表示“在…中缺少的”。故填missing。 9. 考查形容词。句意：他们缺乏对公民事务的参与、社区参与和有意义的社会化。此处考查be lacking in，表示“匮乏；缺乏”。故填lacking。 10. 考查名词。句意：他们缺乏对公民事务的参与、社区参与和有意义的社会化。分析句子结构，名词短语“participation in civic affairs”、“community 10 (engage)”和meaningful socialization并列，所以该空填名词作宾语，即engagement。故填engagement。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【4】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考三模）
Four Music Festivals in 2023
Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California
When; June 9-11, August 11-13, and August 18-20
For the last 10 years, Splash House has been redefining the summer festival scene, offering a boutique (精品) festival experience in the heart of Palm Springs, complete with pool parties. To celebrate the 10-year milestone, Splash House 2023 is returning this and summer for its second triple-weekender (三周的周末游客) season on June 9—11, August 11-13, August 18-20.
Elements Music and Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania
When: August 10-14
Elements Music and Arts Festival is the Northeast’s premier boutique festival experience, featuring artists like Chris Lake, John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook, and LSD ream. It’s the ultimate carefree weekend event where music, community, art, camping, and adventure converge (集中) in to take over the small community of Long Pond, Pennsylvania.
Lightning in a Bottle—Buena Vista Lake, California
When: May 24-29
Taking place Memorial Day Weekend at Buena Vista Lake in Southern California, Lightning in a Bottle hosts a series of top music, creative art and immersive(沉浸式的) environments, and educational classes and workshops. The lineup this year includes ZHU, Tale of Us, Diplo, REZZ, The Glitch Mob, and more.
Heatwave Music Festival—Chicago, Illinois
When: June 10-11
Produced by Auris Presents, Chicago’s leading force in live music events, the Heatwave Music Festival takes over the entire city with a fully immersive, pop-art inspired event. The festival features headlining dance music acts like Tiesto, Slander, and more.
1．What can we know about the festival Splash House
A．Its attendees can’t enjoy pool parties.
B．It has been held continuously for 10 years.
C．It’s held for its first triple-weekender season.
D．Its workshops are popular with music lovers.
2．Who will you probably see at Elements Music and Arts Festival
A．REZZ. B．The Glitch Mob. C．Tiesto. D．Skrillex.
3．Which music festival lasts the shortest
A．Lightning in a Bottle. B．Heatwave Music Festival.
C．Splash House. D．Elements Music and Arts Festival.
B
(2023·湖北荆门·校考三模)
Todd Bol, a retired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact it does today.
Bol built a dollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, who was a book lover and school teacher. Bol’s design gave birth to Little Free Library (LFL), a nonprofit organization that seeks to place small, accessible book exchange boxes in neighborhoods around the world. The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.
Almost everyone can register with LFL and start a library as long as the person keeps it in good shape and makes sure that book materials are appropriate for his/her neighborhood. Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. One library in California was built out of a used wine container; another in Texas had tiny stairs and bright colored walls. Once registered, libraries are assigned a number at LFL’s website. The LFL Index lists the locations of all libraries with GPS coordinates (坐标) and other information. Owners receive a sign saying “Little Free Library”.
People say they have been attracted to pick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. Some sidewalk librarians say they have met more neighbors since having a little library in their front yard. Bol is also most proud of the way Little Free Library is bringing communities together. “It’s started a neighborhood exchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors,” he says. “This leads to them helping each other.”
4. What does the underlined word “design” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A community center. B. A dollhouse on a post.
C. A book exchange box. D. A nonprofit organization.
5. What can we learn about the operation of a Little Free Library
A. There is no limit to the selection of books.
B. The library can come in any shape and color.
C. The library needs to hire many professional librarians.
D. The owner must first be assigned a number from the LFL website.
6. What can be inferred about Little Free Library
A. It helps improve GPS functions. B. It connects libraries around the world.
C. It makes reading accessible to the poor. D. It helps restore human connections.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. LFL: A Booster to Shared Reading B. LFL: The Best Place to Meet Neighbors
C. Todd Bol: A Successful Book Businessman D. Reading: An Approach to Improving Yourself
C
（2023·山东济南·校考二模）
Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the “dream bird that hatches the egg of experience”. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. Viewing mindlessly through attention-grabbing posts and videos prevents “profound (深层的) boredom” that can drive people on to new passions or skills. Instead, people find themselves in a state of “superficial boredom”, which does not motivate creative thought.
Dr Timothy Hill, leader of the research team at the University of Bath, said, “The problem we observed was that social media can ease superficial boredom. But that also consumes time and energy, and may prevent people progressing to a state of profound boredom, where they might discover new passions. Profound boredom may sound like a negative concept but, in fact, it can be intensely positive if people are given the chance for undisturbed thinking and development.
Researchers interviewed 15 people during the pandemic (流行病), when boredom was more likely because of restrictions. Many described being trapped in regularly daily walks and watching television, with many turning to social media to pass the time. But although the participants said that social media provided a temporary escape from superficial boredom, it also appeared to exacerbate it, leaving them feeling they had wasted their time.
The pandemic was a painful and consuming experience for thousands of less fortunate people. But there are stories of those in lockdown who found new hobbies, careers or directions in life. Switching off devices could help people reach the state of boredom which pushes them on to new hobbies or achievements.
This research has given us a window to understand how the “always-on”, 24/7 culture and devices that promise an abundance of information and entertainment may be fixing our superficial boredom but are actually preventing us from finding more meaningful things.
8. Why are Walter Benjamin’s words mentioned
A. To call for attention to the research on boredom.
B. To comment on the strategies to face loneliness.
C. To offer advice on developing creative thinking.
D. To clarify the problem caused by social media.
9. Which of the following may Dr Timothy Hill agree
A. Profound boredom is of value.
B. Social media can fuel passions.
C. The research has some limitations.
D. Creative thought is easily disturbed.
10. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Avoid. B. Break. C. Inspire. D. Worsen.
11. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Why people enjoy boredom
B. How boredom helps kill time
C. Why being bored may be good for you
D. How social media blocks creative ideas
D
（2023·四川成都·校考阶段练习）
Conservationists go to war over whether humans are the measure of nature’s value. New Conservationists argue such trade-offs are necessary in this human dominated era. And they support “re-wilding”, a concept originally proposed by Soule where people reduce economic growth and withdraw from landscapes, which then return to nature.
New Conservationists believe the withdrawal could happen together with economic growth. The California-based Breakthrough Institute believes in a future where most people live in cities and rely less on natural resources for economic growth.
They would get food from industrial agriculture, including genetically modified foods, desalination intensified meat production and aquaculture (水产养殖), all of which have a smaller land footprint. And they would get their energy from renewables and natural gas.
Driving these profound shifts would be greater efficiency of production, where more products could be manufactured from fewer inputs. And some unsustainable commodities would be replaced in the market by other, greener ones-natural gas for coal, for instance, explained Michael Heisenberg., president of the Breakthrough Institute. Nature would, in essence, be decoupled from the economy.
And then he added a warning: “We are not suggesting decoupling as the pattern to save the world, or that it solves all the problems.”
Cynics (悲观者) may say all this sounds too utopian, but Breakthrough maintains the world is already on this path toward decoupling. Nowhere is this more evident than in the United Sates, according to Iddo Wernick, a research scholar at the Rockefeller University, who has examined the nation’s use of 100 main commodities.
Wernick and his colleagues looked at data carefully from the U. S. Geological Survey National Minerals Information Center, which keeps a record of commodities used from 1900 through the present day. They found that the use of 36 commodities (sand, iron ore, cotton etc.) in the U. S. Economy had peaked.
Another 53 commodities (nitrogen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used more efficiently per dollar value of gross domestic product than in the pre-1970s era. Their use would peak soon, Wernick said.
Only 11 commodities (industrial diamond, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nov. 6), and most of these are employed by industries in small quantities to improve systems processes. Chicken use is rising because people are eating less beef, a desirable development since poultry cultivation has a smaller environmental footprint.
The numbers show the United States has not intensified resource consumption since the1970s even while increasing its GDP and population, said Jesse Ausubel of the Rockefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectation we had, we were always assuming the future involved greater consumption of resources,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the developed countries is, of course, peaks.”
12. What does the underlined word “trade-offs” refer to in the first paragraph
A. The difficult situation of economies growth.
B. The profitability of import and export trade.
C. The balance between human development and natural ecology.
D. The consumption of natural resources by industrial development.
13. Which of the following is true of the views of the new environmentalists
A. They believe that mankind should limit economic growth.
B. They believe that mankind is the master of the whole universe.
C. They believe that mankind should live in forests with rich vegetation.
D. They believe that mankind will need more natural resources in the future.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph of the passage
A. Natural resources cannot support economic development.
B. All resource consumption in developed countries has reached a peak.
C. More resource consumption will not occur in a certain period of time.
D. Excessive resource consumption will not affect the ecological environment.
15. What is the passage mainly about
A. Urbanization and re-wildness.
B. Human existence and industrial development.
C. Commodity trading and raw material development.
D. Socioeconomic development and resource consumption.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·江苏常州·八校联合调研）
How to make a cooking video on TikTok
You may think sharing your cooking videos on TikTok isn’t a big deal. 16 We’ve asked some experts for tips on how to film, edit and post cooking videos on TikTok.
Keep it simple
“Simplicity is key when creating food content on TikTok,” says MacKenzie Smith, creator of Grilled Cheese Social. 17 “My Baked Feta Pasta that went viral (走红) earlier this year is a good example of how simple food trends can take over the social landscape,” says Smith.
Show off kitchen skills
18 Film something you do special or share a helpful tip some viewers may not know. Smith, who’s partnering the National Mango Board, says she’s been starting all her videos for the campaign with a demonstration of the best mango cutting technique.
Film from different angles
If you have two smartphones or cameras, try setting them up on tripods (三脚架) at different angles, so you can edit with a diversity of different shots, both overhead and from another good point. Only have one device No worries. 19
Break the rules
Just like cooking, the rules of TikTok are meant to be broken. So if you want your viewers to keep coming back to your videos, never be afraid of trying creative ideas. 20 Make what you want to make. Who knows what will become a trend, and what was a waste of your time
A．Actually, it isn’t as easy as you think.
B．Keep your videos between 30 and 60 seconds.
C．Consider filming your content in natural lighting.
D．Film various parts of your cooking from a few perspectives.
E．That’s because the golden rule of social media is to be creative.
F．An approachable recipe is key to connecting with a larger audience.
G．Before leaping into full-on recipes, consider showing off your cooking skills.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·全国·九省联考）
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 1 , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 2 on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for 3 the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 4 the heat when an older gentleman 5 to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 6 my predicament (困境). To my 7 , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 8 a tool set.
Right then and there, this total 9 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged for so long that they were 10 to function. After about an hour, he 11 that my car was safe to finish the trip.
12 came at the hands of a stranger. 13 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man 14 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his 15 .
1．A．busy B．loud C．dead D．secure
2．A．mechanic B．policeman C．manager D．guide
3．A．washing B．parking C．purchasing D．maintaining.
4．A．feel B．beat C．absorb D．produce
5．A．promised B．refused C．stopped D．volunteered
6．A．solved B．noticed C．escaped. D．explained
7．A．surprise B．regret C．amusement. D．disappointment
8．A．called up B．pulled out C．put down D．threw away
9．A．liar B．beginner C．stranger D．loser
10．A．free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable
11．A．pronounced B．agreed C．discovered D．doubted
12．A．Tiredness B．Kindness C．Loneliness D．Carefulness
13．A．Folding B．Drying C．Soiling. D．Mending
14．A．saved B．called C．judged D．banned
15．A．friend B．daughter C．coworker D．customer
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·河南郑州·统考一模）
China’s conventional tea-making techniques and their social practices have successfully been included in the UNESCO’s world intangible culture heritage list.
“Stove boiled tea”, 1 new way of drinking tea, has been popular inChina. The process of drinking tea has a sense of ritual (仪式), and so far the ceremony 2 (become) a new favorite of young people.
Usually, the process of boiling tea on a stove 3 (consist ) of lightly roasting tea leaves before making tea, sometimes with rosebuds (玫瑰花蕾), in a pot over a stove. The art of boiling tea is a time-consuming process, 4 requires constant attention to the temperature in order to properly “cook” it. People sit around the stove and have snacks such as fruits, nuts and desserts with their hot tea. It’s a pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea.
People also post their moments of stove boiled tea while wearing 5 (tradition) Hanfu in these ancient teahouses. Similar to other trending 6 (lifestyle) such as cycling and camping, “stove-boiled tea” reflects young people’s desire to escape from cities to get close to nature and experience a peaceful mind. It’s 7 (absolute) relaxing to drink hot tea, feel the winter breeze, and chat with best friends.
“Stove boiled tea” is a popular way 8 ( integrate) Chinese culture elements into people’s daily lives.
You may have heard of cafe latte (拿铁咖啡), 9 have you ever heard of a similar art in a cup of tea Apart from the “stove-boiled tea”, Dian Cha is also a tea art from the Song dynasty. During the Dian Cha making process, the froth (泡沫) and the tea paste act like paper and ink, 10 (allow) artists to create delicate patterns.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了2023年将会举办的音乐节。 1．细节理解题。根据Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California部分的内容“For the last 10 years(在过去的十年里)”和“To celebrate the 10-year milestone(为了庆祝10年的里程碑)”可知，Splash House已经连续举办了10年。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Elements Music and Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania部分的“Elements Music and Arts Festival is the Northeast’s premier boutique festival experience, featuring artists like Chris Lake, John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook, and LSD ream.( Elements Music and Arts Festival是东北地区的顶级精品音乐节体验，拥有像Chris Lake, John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook和LSD ream这样的艺术家。)”可知，在Elements Music and Arts Festival这个音乐节，你有可能会看见Skrillex。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California部分的“When: June 9-11, August 11-13, and August 18-20(时间：6月9日至11日，8月11日至13日，8月18日至20日)”、Elements Music and Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania部分的“When: August 10-14(时间：8月10日至14日)”、 Lightning in a Bottle—Buena Vista Lake, California部分的“When: May 24-29(时间：5月24日至29日)”、Heatwave Music Festival—Chicago, Illinois部分的“When: June 10-11(时间：6月10日至11日)可知，Heatwave Music Festival持续的时间最短。故选B。
【答案】4 C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了ToddBol退休之后为了纪念自己的母亲在自己家院子建立的供人 阅读的木质容器催生了一个非营利组织——小小免费图书馆 ，旨在在世界各地的社区设置小型、方便的图 书交换箱。 4. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Bolbuiltadollhouse-size structure that looked like a schoolhouse on a post and he put it in his yard as a free community library to remember his mother, (Bol 在柱子上建造了一个玩偶屋大小的 建筑，看起来像校舍，他把它放在自己的院子里，作为一个免费的社区图书馆来纪念他的母亲)”和下文“The concept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both.(这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享 一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之)”可知，Bol设计的是装在柱子上的像玩偶屋大小的小小校舍，用 来让邻居们交换书籍，所以他设计的是用来交换书箱的小箱子。故选C项。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Library owners can create their own library boxes; therefore, the libraries are usually unique in appearance, and there seems to be no limit to the possibilities. (图书馆所有者可以创建自己的 图书馆盒；因此，图书馆在外观上通常是独一无二的，而且似乎没有任何限制)”可知，免费图书馆外观上 没有任何限制，可以有任何形状和颜色。故选B项。 6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’sstartedaneighborhoodexchange. It gets people talking and more comfortable with their neighbors. This leads to them helping each other. (它开始了邻里交流。它能让人们交谈，让他们和邻 居相处得更舒服。这让他们互相帮助)”可推知，小型免费图书馆帮助恢复人际关系。故选D项。 7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“ToddBol,aretired businessman, could never have expected that a wooden container he built in his front yard one day would have the global impact ii does today. (退休商人托德·博 尔绝对没有想到，有一天他在自家前院建造的一个木箱会产生今天这样的全球影响)”、第二段中“Theconcept is simple: Neighbors are invited to share a book, leave a book, or both. Today, there are over 50 ,000 of these libraries registered in 70 countries.(这个概念很简单：邀请邻居分享一本书，留下一本书，或者两者兼而有之。 今天，在70个国家注册的图书馆超过50000个)”和第四段中“Peoplesaytheyhavebeenattracted topick up a book when walking by a Little Free Library, out of curiosity and because it’s convenient. (人们说，当他们经过一 个小型免费图书馆时，他们会被吸引去拿一本书，一方面出于好奇，另一方面是因为它很方便)”可知，文 章主要介绍了在ToddBol影响下建立的小小免费图书馆LFL(LittleFreeLibrary)，它推动了“共享阅读”这一 理念的发展。A项“LFL：共享阅读的助推器”是本文最佳标题。故选A项。
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。社交媒体扼杀了由于无事可做而产生的创造性幻想，通过研究分析其原因发现：深度无聊能激发创造性思维，使人们去追求新的激情或技能。所以处于无聊的状态对于我们是一件好事。 8. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the ‘dream bird that hatches the egg of experience’. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. (德国哲学家沃尔特 本雅明曾指出，无聊是‘孵出经验之蛋的梦想之鸟’。然而，研究人员认为，通常由于无事可做而产生的创造性幻想正在被社交媒体扼杀。)”可知，在文章开头提到本雅明的话是为了引出关于“boredom”的话题，引起读者对相关研究的关注。故选A项。 9. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Dr Timothy Hill, leader of the research team at the University of Bath, said, ‘The problem we observed was that social media can ease superficial boredom. But that also consumes time and energy, and may prevent people progressing to a state of profound boredom, where they might discover new passions. Profound boredom may sound like a negative concept but, in fact, it can be intensely positive if people are given the chance for undisturbed thinking and development.’ (巴斯大学研究小组的负责人蒂莫西·希尔博士说：‘我们观察到的问题是，社交媒体可以缓解表面上的无聊。但这也会消耗时间和精力，并可能阻止人们进入一种深层无聊的状态，在那里他们可能会发现新的激情。深层无聊听起来像是一个消极的概念，但事实上，如果人们有机会不受干扰地思考和发展，它可能是非常积极的。’)”可知，Dr Timothy Hill认为：沉迷再社交媒体使人看似不再无聊，实则使人失去了进入深层无聊的状态的机会，而深层无聊可能会使人发现新的激情。由此推知，他会赞同“深层无聊是有价值的”这一观点。故选A项。 10. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“But although the participants said that social media provided a temporary escape from superficial boredom, it also appeared to exacerbate it, leaving them feeling they had wasted their time. (但是，尽管参与者表示，社交媒体让他们暂时摆脱了表面上的无聊，但它似乎也exacerbate了这种无聊，让他们觉得自己在浪费时间。)”可知，上半句表示：社交媒体让他们暂时摆脱了表面上的无聊，但是没有真正摆脱无聊，所以反而会使这个现象更严重，worsen与exacerbate意思相近，故选D项。 11. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the ‘dream bird that hatches the egg of experience’. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. (德国哲学家沃尔特 本雅明曾指出，无聊是‘孵出经验之蛋的梦想之鸟’。研究人员认为，通常由于无事可做而产生的创造性幻想正在被社交媒体扼杀。盲目地浏览吸引眼球的帖子和视频可以防止‘深度无聊’，而这种无聊会驱使人们去追求新的激情或技能)”和最后一段“This research has given us a window to understand how the ‘always-on’, 24/7 culture and devices that promise an abundance of information and entertainment may be fixing our superficial boredom but are actually preventing us from finding more meaningful things. (这项研究为我们提供了一个窗口，让我们了解‘全天候’的文化和承诺提供丰富信息和娱乐的设备如何解决我们表面上的无聊，但实际上却阻止我们找到更有意义的事情。)”可知，本文介绍了一个针对“无聊”进行的研究，分析了其中原因，发现：深度无聊能激发创造性思维，使人们去追求新的激情或技能，所以处于无聊的状态，对于我们是一件好事，故“Why being bored may be good for you”适合做文章的标题。故选C项。
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新保护主义者的“重野化”概念。 12. 词句猜测题。根据前文“Conservationists go to war over whether humans are the measure of nature’s value. (自然资源保护主义者就人类是否是自然价值的衡量标准展开了战争)”可知，自然资源保护主义者倡导权衡人类与自然关系，结合后文“And they support “re-wilding”, a concept originally proposed by Soule where people reduce economic growth and withdraw from landscapes, which then return to nature. (他们还支持“再野生化”，这一概念最初是由索勒提出的，即人们减少经济增长，退出自然景观，然后回归自然)”可知，他们提倡人们减少经济增长，退出自然景观，然后回归自然。由此推知，他们认为这种人与自然的平衡是必要的，trade-offs指的是人类发展与自然生态的平衡。故选C。 13. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“New Conservationists believe the withdrawal could happen together with economic growth. The California-based Breakthrough Institute believes in a future where most people live in cities and rely less on natural resources for economic growth. (新环保主义者认为，退出可以与经济增长一起发生。总部位于加州的突破研究所相信，未来大多数人将生活在城市，经济增长对自然资源的依赖将减少)”可推知，新环保主义者认为人类应该限制经济增长。故选A。 14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““It seems like the 20th-century expectation we had, we were always assuming the future involved greater consumption of resources,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the developed countries is, of course, peaks.” (奥苏贝尔说：“这似乎就像我们20世纪的预期，我们总是假设未来会消耗更多的资源。”“但我们在发达国家看到的，当然是峰值。”)”可断，现在的资源消耗是峰值，由此推知，在一段时间内不会出现更多的资源消耗。故选C。 15. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是前两段的内容可知，这篇短文主要讨论了新保护主义者的观点，他们认为人类是衡量自然价值的标准，提倡“重野化”概念，即人们应限制经济增长，减少对自然资源的依赖，提高生产效率，并从自然景观中退出，让自然回归。因此，文章主要和社会经济发展、资源消耗有关。故选D。
【答案】16．A 17．F 18．G 19．D 20．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何在TikTok上制作烹饪视频。 16．上文“You may think sharing your cooking videos on TikTok isn’t a big deal. (你可能认为在TikTok上分享你的烹饪视频没什么大不了的。)”说明你可能认为分享视频是很容易的，选项A“实际上，这并不像你想的那么容易。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这并不像你想的那么容易。故选A项。 17．上文小标题“Keep it simple(保持简单)”和下文“My Baked Feta Pasta that went viral (走红) earlier this year is a good example of how simple food trends can take over the social landscape.( 今年早些时候，我的烤羊肉通心粉走红了，这是一个很好的例子，说明了简单的食品趋势可以如何影响社会。)”说明烹饪的食物不必过于复杂，往往简单的食品更受欢迎，选项F“容易理解的食谱是吸引更多观众的关键。”符合本段主题，说明容易理解的食谱更吸引观众。故选F项。 18．上文小标题“Show off kitchen skills (展示厨房技能)”建议展示厨房技能，选项G“在大谈菜谱之前，考虑炫耀一下你的厨艺。”承接小标题，贴合主题，建议炫耀一下厨艺。故选G项。 19．上文小标题“Film from different angles (不同角度拍摄)”建议从不同角度拍摄，选项D“从几个角度拍摄你烹饪的各个部分。”呼应小标题，贴合主题，建议从几个角度拍摄。故选D项。 20．上文“So if you want your viewers to keep coming back to your videos, never be afraid of trying creative ideas. (所以，如果你想让你的观众不断回到你的视频，永远不要害怕尝试创造性的想法。)”说明视频要有创造性，选项E“这是因为社交媒体的黄金法则就是要有创造力。”承接上文，强调创造力在社交媒体上的重要性。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对此非常的感谢。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. loud大声的；C. dead（因无电力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. policeman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absorb吸收；D. produce生产。根据下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。A. promised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stopped停止；D. volunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. solved解决；B. noticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappointment失望。根据下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 　　8　　 a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled out取出；C. put down放下；D. threw away扔掉了。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total 　　9　　 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were 　　10　　 to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人；D. loser失败者。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 　　4　　 the heat when an older gentleman 　　5　　 to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced宣布；B. agreed同意；C. discovered发现；D. doubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Loneliness孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Folding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Soiling弄脏。D. Mending修补。根据上文“After about an hour, he 　　11　　 that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁止。根据上文“Right then and there, this total 　　9　　 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were 　　10　　 to function.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女儿；C. coworker同事；D. customer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
【答案】1．a 2．has become 3．consists 4．which 5．traditional 6．lifestyles 7．absolutely 8．to integrate 9．but/yet 10．allowing 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国的传统茶艺，它已经成为联合国教科文组织的最新世界非物质文化遗产。 1．考查冠词。句意：“炉煮茶”是一种新的饮茶方式，在中国很受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，way为可数名词单数，无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一种新的饮茶方式”表泛指，所以使用不定冠词，new的首个音素为辅音。故填a。 2．考查谓语动词。句意：喝茶的过程有一种仪式感，到目前为止，这种仪式已经成为年轻人的新宠。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，此处为现在完成时，become与句子主语the ceremony之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has become。 3．考查谓语动词。句意：通常，在炉子上煮茶的过程包括在泡茶前轻微烘烤茶叶，有时用玫瑰花蕾在炉子上的锅里煮茶。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及副词usually可知，此处为一般现在时，consist与句子主语the process之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填consists。 4．考查定语从句。句意：煮茶的艺术是一个耗时的过程，需要时刻注意温度，才能正确地“煮”茶。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词a time-consuming process指的是事情，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 5．考查形容词。句意：人们还在这些古老的茶馆里晒出穿着传统汉服煮茶的朋友圈。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词Hanfu，tradition的形容词为traditional意为“传统的”符合句意。故填traditional。 6．考查名词的数。句意：与骑行、露营等其他流行的生活方式类似，“煮茶”反映了年轻人逃离城市、亲近自然、体验宁静心灵的渴望。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，lifestyle为可数名词单数，其前有other修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填lifestyles。 7．考查副词。句意：喝着热茶，感受着冬天的微风，和最好的朋友聊天，这绝对是一种放松。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，absolute的副词为absolutely意为“绝对地”符合句意。故填absolutely。 8．考查动词不定式。句意：“炉煮茶”是一种将中国文化元素融入人们日常生活的流行方式。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词way，根据“way to do sth.”可知，此处应为不定式形式。故填to integrate。 9．考查连词。句意：你可能听说过拿铁咖啡，但你听说过在一杯茶中有类似的艺术吗 分析句子结构可知，此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前与空后两个句子之间为转折关系。故填but/yet。 10．考查现在分词。句意：在点茶的制作过程中，泡沫和茶浆就像纸和墨水一样，让艺术家们创造出精致的图案。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，allow与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填allowing。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【5】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·福建省部分地市校2024届高中毕业班一检一模）
Thanks For Giving 4 Miler
Thurs. November 23, 2023
The Event
Sign up today for the 2023 Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Dash that will take place this Thanksgiving in New Albany! Come out and join us for a fun kick off to Thanksgiving Day festivities! As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.
All are welcome, including competitive runners, joggers, and walkers wanting to enjoy time with friends and loved ones. Registration ends on November 22, 2023.
The Fee
There is no official race fee. You can give as much or as little as you want. However-a $40 minimum donation is required to get our soft T-shirt. Our goal is to feed as many families in Central Ohio as we can. You can help by running our race, spreading the word, or making a donation. You may bring any donation you want, from a can of soup to cash. Let’s make a difference.
Event Day Timeline
6:30 am: Race day check-in begins.
8:00 am: Opening ceremony (仪式) begins!
8:15 am: Kids Dash begins!
8:30 am: The Thanks For Giving 4 Miler kicks off!
Awards
The top three overall male and female finishers will receive a gift certificate. The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie: 14 and under, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 and above. Every participant of the kids race receives a finisher’s medal!
Safety
For safety, please no bicycles, skateboards, inline skates, or participation with pets.
1．What is Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Run
A．A marathon race. B．A charity event.
C．A kid-targeted activity. D．A holiday get-together.
2．What will a man ranking second in his age group be sure to win
A．A soft T-shirt. B．A pumpkin pie.
C．A gift certificate. D．A finisher’s medal.
3．What is required for participation
A．Bringing a donation.
B．Reaching a certain age.
C．Registering in advance.
D．Wearing safety equipment.
B
(2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测)
Eliana Yi dreamed of pursuing piano performance in college, never mind that her fingers could barely reach the length of an octave (八度音阶). Unable to fully play many works by Romantic-era composers, including Beethoven and Brahms, she tried anyway — and in her determination to spend hours practicing one of Chopin’s compositions which is known for being “stretchy”, wound up injuring herself.
“I would just go to pieces,” the Southern Methodist University junior recalled. “There were just too many octaves. I wondered whether I was just going to play Bach and Mozart for the rest of my life.”
The efforts of SMU keyboard studies chair Carol Leone are changing all that. Twenty years ago, the school became the first major university in the U.S. to incorporate smaller keyboards into its music program, leveling the playing field for Yi and other piano majors.
Yi reflected on the first time she tried one of the smaller keyboards: “I remember being really excited because my hands could actually reach and play all the right notes,” she said. Ever since, “I haven’t had a single injury, and I can practice as long as I want.”
For decades, few questioned the size of the conventional piano. If someone’s hand span was less than 8.5 inches — the distance considered ideal to comfortably play an octave — well, that’s just how it was.
Those who attempt “stretchy” passages either get used to omitting notes or risk tendon (腱) injury with repeated play. Leone is familiar with such challenges. Born into a family of jazz musicians, she instead favored classical music and pursued piano despite her small hand span and earned a doctorate in musical arts.
A few years after joining SMU’s music faculty in 1996, the decorated pianist read an article in Piano and Keyboard magazine about the smaller keyboards. As Leone would later write, the discovery would completely renew her life and career.
In 2000, she received a grant to retrofit a department Steinway to accommodate a smaller keyboard, and the benefits were immediate. In addition to relieving injury caused by overextended fingers, she said, it gave those with smaller spans the ability to play classic compositions taken for granted by larger-handed counterparts.
Smaller keyboards instill many with new confidence. It’s not their own limitations that have held them back, they realize; it’s the limitations of the instruments themselves. For those devoted to a life of making music, it’s as if a cloud has suddenly lifted.
4. What is the similarity between Eliana Yi and Carol Leone
A. Their interest in jazz extended to classical music.
B. Short hand span used to restrict their music career.
C. They both joined SMU’s music faculty years ago.
D. Romantic-era composers’ music was easy for them.
5. Why did SMU initiate an effort to scale down the piano
A. To reduce the number of octaves.
B. To incorporate Bach into its music program.
C. To provide fair opportunities for piano majors.
D. To encourage pianists to spend more hours practicing.
6. How did Yi probably feel when she played the retrofitted piano
A. Confident. B. Frustrated. C. Challenging. D. Determined.
7. Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A. Who Qualifies as an Ideal Pianist B. Traditional or Innovative Piano
C. Hard-working Pianists Pays off D. The Story behind Retrofitted Pianos
C
（2023·河北唐山·开滦第二中学试卷）
It’s no secret that non-alcoholic beer tastes much worse than regular beer, but scientists in Denmark now claim to have developed a way of making it taste just as satisfying.
What non-alcoholic beer lacks is the flavor from hops (啤酒花). When you remove the alcohol from the beer, for example by heating it up, you also kill the flavor that comes from hops. Other methods for making alcohol-free beer also lead to poor flavor because alcohol is needed for hops to pass their unique flavor to the beer.
“After years of research, we have found a way to produce monoterpenoids (单萜), which provide the flavor, and then add them to the beer at the end of the process of making beer to give back its lost flavor. No one has been able to do this before, so it’s a game changer for non-alcoholic beer,” the Danish professor added.
This method of artificially recreating the flavor of hops using monoterpenoids is currently being tested in factories producing across Denmark, and the plan is to have a plan ready for the country’s entire beer industry by the end of October.
Although non-alcoholic beer has been growing in popularity at a very rapid pace, the new thing announced by Sotirios Kampranis and his team could have major meaning for the entire beer industry and our environment. Growing hops is a very wasteful process, with one kilogram of hops requiring no less than 2.7 tons of water.
“With our method, we skip hops and the water and the transportation. This means that one kilogram of hops can be produced with more than 10,000 times less water and more than 100 times less CO2,” Kampranis said. “When the monoterpenoids are released from yeast, we collect them and put them into the beer, giving back the taste of regular beer that so many of us know and love.” he added.
8．What plays a key role in making beer
A．Hops. B．Water. C．CO2. D．Patience.
9．What can we learn about the new non-alcoholic beer
A．It is the best beer in the market. B．It has been produced in many countries.
C．It has the same taste with the traditional beer. D．It is very popular with the young in Denmark.
10．What does Kampranis think the new non-alcoholic beer
A．It is a process filled with waste. B．It is environmentally friendly.
C．It needs better transportation. D．It gets an unexpected response.
11．In which section can we read this text in a newspaper
A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Education. D．Technology.
D
（2023·江西南昌·校联考模拟）
Cyberspace （网络空间）is constantly developing and presenting new opportunities, as the desire of businesses to quickly adopt new technologies, such as using the Internet to open new channels and adopting cloud services, provides vast opportunity. But, it also brings unexpected risks and unintended consequences that can have a potentially negative effect.
Hardly a day goes by without news of a new cyber threat. Unfortunately, businesses tend to misjudge how much risk they face from cyber-crimes and how quickly this risk can develop. For them, the commercial, reputational and financial risks that go with cyberspace presence are real and growing every day.
So all businesses need to do now is establish cyber security within their organization, right
Establishing cyber security alone is not enough. Nowadays, it is not very difficult for attackers to break security and stop the overall business system. Preventive measures are not enough to stop them. With the advancement of technology, hackers （黑客）have been changing and developing. So business risk management should include risk resilience （复原力）so that businesses can respond to any damaging cyberspace activity. Cyber resilience helps businesses successfully recover to their pre-attack business processes and business operations.
Building cyber resilience is not easy. A key finding of an authentic cyber-resilience report is that no organisation can respond effectively on its own to the threats from cyberspace. Organisations must work together to share intelligence and resources. In this way, the quality, usability and authenticity of intelligence will be greatly improved.
12．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To describe the development of cyberspace.
B．To show the great contributions from business.
C．To explain the technologies adopted by businesses.
D．To draw attention to potential dangers from cyberspace.
13．What's the author's concern about the businesses
A．Awareness of safety.
B．Financial conditions.
C．Commercial management.
D．Judgement of development.
14．Why is cyber resilience currently necessary
A．It can prevent attacks.
B．Threats are always transforming.
C．Cyber security doesn't work now.
D．It keeps all the hackers off the internet.
15．What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A．An organization alone can build effective resilience.
B．True resilience requires joined efforts from organizations.
C．There is a great amount of difficulty in building resilience.
D．The cyberspace threat is nothing when cooperation is used.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
What makes a work of architecture great Most people would argue that aesthetics (美感) are the most important. 16 However, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure. The Rostonville Library in my city is a great example of Vitruvius’s principles.
Constructed entirely of granite—a hard and tough stone, the library is durable. It can withstand environmental pollution. For example, it is resistant to acid rain. Moreover, its granite structure is stable so it’s more likely to survive an earthquake. 17 It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling.
18 Providing free access to print and digital information, it conveys a feeling of openness and accessibility. Furthermore, the entire library is on one level, and it has an open design—there are no inner walls or dividers. In addition, large windows let in plenty of natural light, so it’s easy to see and get to each department within the library.
Finally, the library is beautiful, with aesthetically pleasing details both inside and out. The large windows are copper-framed (铜框的). The copper color provides an interesting contrast against the color of the granite structure and it will remain as the copper ages. Growth from the rooftop garden, which reaches down the sides of the building, adds to the aesthetics of the building. 19
Durability, functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow Vitruvius’s principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. 20
A．The library is also sustainable.
B．It is true that beauty is critical.
C．This is not the only concern of the architects.
D．The library was designed with functionality in mind.
E．It softens the lines of the structure and helps it to fit into its natural surroundings.
F．Plus，the library was built on the edge of the city park，surrounded by native plants.
G．Buildings that fulfill these criteria offer both peace of mind and beauty for their users.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·山东德州·高三统考期中）
The biggest risk I’ve ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China. I almost gave my parents a heart 1 when they found out what I was doing. But I had already made a(an) 2 . Little did I know this would 3 the greatest experience of my life.
Before starting my trip in China, I had never 4 for more than two hours in one day. It was a huge 5 challenge, but I got stronger every day, and 6 , I could easily bike for eight hours each day.
One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people. Once I 7 a group of Chinese cyclists in western China. They invited me to stay with them in the mountains in Yunnan, 8 fish over a lire with wood we chopped ourselves. It felt like true 9 from the busy feeling of everyday life.
Another 10 of my journey was definitely the food. I got to taste local food in every place I went. My favorite was the 11 of Sichuan, a province known for its spicy flavors and interesting dishes. There are so many different options!
Mostly each day, of course, I was 12 with nature. Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling brooks, western China is home to some of the most amazing 13 in the world.
By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going. I felt like I could do it 14 . It was truly an experience I will never forget. If anyone has an interest in traveling, I would highly 15 going by bicycle!
1．A．rate B．attack C．test D．surgery
2．A．conclusion B．attempt C．decision D．outline
3．A．carry on B．take off C．make up D．turn into
4．A．biked B．driven C．traveled D．surfed
5．A．regional B．mental C．physical D．financial
6．A．eventually B．suddenly C．fortunately D．formally
7．A．rescued B．directed C．protected D．encountered
8．A．cooking B．catching C．washing D．eating
9．A．energy B．freedom C．concern D．fashion
10．A．choice B．invention C．highlight D．progress
11．A．material B．cuisine C．medicine D．music
12．A．alone B．wild C．safe D．empty
13．A．food B．scenery C．culture D．tradition
14．A．indeed B．otherwise C．forever D．instead
15．A．permit B．appreciate C．understand D．recommend
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·江苏盐城·高三盐城市伍佑中学校联考阶段练习)
According to a recent survey conducted by wenjuan.com, an online survey platform, some 96 percent of surveyed youth said they were willing to purchase guochao products, 1 refers to products by homegrown brands. 2 the same time, 91.6 percent of respondents 3 (voice) their expectations for more video programs digging deeper into traditional Chinese culture. The age group of the interviewees ranged from the post-80s to the post-2000s generations, with the latter 4 (account) for 22.1 percent.
“Nowadays we are 5 (deep) connected with most countries in the world, which results in a comprehensive understanding of the outside world, yet we still have confidence in our own culture. This sense of pride 6 (base) on rational thinking,” said professor Su Junbin of Xiamen University.
Unlike older generations who might favor Western culture and brands, Chinese youth were born and raised when the 7 (country) economy was taking off, so they tend to have strong confidence in their national identity and culture. They have gained 8 full understanding of the outside world, and after several rounds of comparison,have finally found 9 (they) to be in a strong position. So the timing is perfect, Su said, 10 (push) forward cultural products imprinted with traditional Chinese cultural features.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年感恩节在新奥尔巴尼举行的2023年“感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑”活动的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.(一如既往，我们100%的净收益将用于帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑是一个慈善活动。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie(以下年龄组的前三名男女选手将获得一个南瓜派)”可知，在他的年龄组中排名第二的人一定会赢得一个南瓜派。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Registration ends on November 22, 2023.(登记截止日期为2023年11月22日)”可推知，参加活动需要提前登记。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了南方卫理公会大学的音乐系教授Carol Leone如何引入小钢琴 键盘来改变钢琴教育的现状和Eliana Yi使用小钢琴键盘的经历。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Eliana Yi dreamed of pursuing piano performance in college, never mind that her fingers could barely reach the length of an octave (八度音阶). ( Eliana Yi 在大学时梦想着从事钢琴演奏，尽管她 的手指几乎达不到一个八度音程的长度。)”以及第二段中““I would just go to pieces,”the Southern Methodist University junior recalled. “There were just too many octaves. I wondered whether I was just going to play Bach and Mozart for the rest of my life.” (“我会崩溃，”这位南卫理公会大学的大三学生回忆说。“八度太多了。我 想知道我的余生是否只会演奏巴赫和莫扎特。”)”以及第六段中“Leone is familiar with such challenges. Born into a family of jazz musicians, she instead favored classical music and pursued piano despite her small hand span and earned a doctorate in musical arts. ( Leone Leone 对这些挑战很熟悉。她出生在一个爵士音乐家的家庭，但 她更喜欢古典音乐，并且尽管她的手指距离较小，她还是选择了追求钢琴，并获得了音乐艺术博士学位。)” 可知，短手距限制了她们的音乐事业，这是Eliana Yi和Carol Leone之间的相似之处。故选B。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Twenty years ago, the school became the first major university in the U.S. to incorporate smaller keyboards into its music program, leveling the playing field for Yi and other piano majors.( 20 年前，该校成为美国第一所将小型键盘纳入音乐课程的主要大学，为Yi和其他钢琴专业的学生创造了公平 的竞争环境。)”可知，SMU将将小型键盘纳入音乐课程是为Yi和其他钢琴专业的学生创造了公平的竞争环 境。故选C。 6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Smaller keyboards instill many with new confidence. It’s not their own limitations that have held them back, they realize; it’s the limitations of the instruments themselves. (更小的键盘给 许多人注入了新的信心。他们意识到，阻碍他们前进的不是他们自身的局限；这是仪器本身的局限性。)” 可知，当她弹奏这架改装过的钢琴时，她感觉到非常有信心。故选A。 7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了南方卫理公会大学的音乐系教授Carol Leone如何引入小钢琴键 盘来改变钢琴教育的现状。过去，人们对于传统钢琴的尺寸几乎没有质疑，导致手指长度不够的人无法舒 适地演奏八度音阶。然而，通过引入小钢琴键盘，这些人可以更轻松地演奏，并且不再受到手指过度伸展 而导致的伤害。这一改变不仅让那些手指长度较短的人有了更多的机会演奏经典作品，也给他们带来了新 的信心和动力。D选项“The Story behind Retrofitted Pianos(改装钢琴背后的故事)”概括文章主要内容。故选D。
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了丹麦的科学家发明了一种无酒精的啤酒，文章介绍了这种啤酒的特点和与传统啤酒相比的不同之处。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Other methods for making alcohol-free beer also lead to poor flavor because alcohol is needed for hops to pass their unique flavor to the beer.(其他酿造无酒精啤酒的方法也会导致啤酒味道差，因为啤酒花需要酒精才能将其独特的味道传递给啤酒)”可知，啤酒花在酿造啤酒中起着关键作用。故选A。 9．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When the monoterpenoids are released from yeast, we collect them and put them into the beer, giving back the taste of regular beer that so many of us know and love.(当单萜类化合物从酵母中释放出来时，我们收集它们并将它们放入啤酒中，使我们许多人所熟悉和喜爱的普通啤酒的味道恢复)”可知，这种新型无酒精啤酒和传统啤酒的味道一样。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Although non-alcoholic beer has been growing in popularity at a very rapid pace, the new thing announced by Sotirios Kampranis and his team could have major meaning for the entire beer industry and our environment. Growing hops is a very wasteful process, with one kilogram of hops requiring no less than 2.7 tons of water.(尽管无酒精啤酒正以非常快的速度增长，但Sotirios Kampranis和他的团队宣布的新事物可能对整个啤酒行业和我们的环境具有重大意义。种植啤酒花是一个非常浪费的过程，一公斤啤酒花需要不少于2.7吨的水)”可知，坎普拉尼斯认为这种新型无酒精啤酒是环保的。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s no secret that non-alcoholic beer tastes much worse than regular beer, but scientists in Denmark now claim to have developed a way of making it taste just as satisfying.(无酒精啤酒的味道比普通啤酒差很多，这已经不是什么秘密了，但丹麦科学家现在声称，他们已经研发出一种方法，让无酒精啤酒的味道和普通啤酒一样令人满意)”结合文章主要说明了丹麦的科学家发明了一种无酒精的啤酒，文章介绍了这种啤酒的特点和与传统啤酒相比的不同之处。可推知，文章选自报纸的“技术”部分。故选D。
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．B 15．B 【解析】这是一篇议论文。网络的迅速发展带来了机遇的同时也带来了意想不到的风险和可能产生潜在负面影响的意想不到的后果。作者认为所有企业现在需要做的就是联合起来在他们的组织内建立网络安全。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But, it also brings unexpected risks and unintended consequences that can have a potentially negative effect.”（但是，它也带来了意想不到的风险和可能产生潜在负面影响的意想不到的后果。）可知，第一段是为了吸引对网络空间的潜在危险的关注。故选D。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Unfortunately, businesses tend to misjudge how much risk they face from cyber-crimes and how quickly this risk can develop.”（不幸的是，企业往往会误判他们面临的网络犯罪风险有多大，以及这种风险发展的速度有多快。）可知，作者认为企业对网络安全的认识不足。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“With the advancement of technology, hackers （黑客）have been changing and developing.”（随着科技的进步，黑客也在不断变化和发展。）可知，因为威胁一直在变化，所以现在网络复原力是必要的。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后两句“Organisations must work together to share intelligence and resources. In this way, the quality, usability and authenticity of intelligence will be greatly improved.”（各组织必须共同努力，共享情报和资源。这样，情报的质量、可用性和真实性将大大提高。）可知，最后一段主要是讲真正的复原力需要组织的共同努力。故选B。
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．E 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伟大建筑作品除了具有美感以外，还要有耐久性和功能性。 16．上文“Most people would argue that aesthetics(美感)are the most important.(大多数人会认为美感是最重要的。)”说明美感的重要性。选项B“的确，美是至关重要的”承接上文，是对上文的肯定。同时引出下文“However, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure.(然而，罗马建筑师Marcus Vitruvius Pollio认为，在评估结构时，我们还应该考虑耐久性和功能。)”，与之构成转折关系。选项B起到承上启下的作用，故选B项。 17．下文“It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling.(它使用太阳能供暖，屋顶花园制冷。)”介绍图书馆使用可持续能源的具体做法。选项A“图书馆也是可持续的”引出下文，说明图书馆使用的能源是可持续的。下文中It指选项中The library，语义一致，故选A项。 18．下文“ Providing free access to print and digital information, it conveys a feeling of openness and accessibility. Furthermore, the entire library is on one level, and it has an open design—there are no inner walls or dividers. In addition, large windows let in plenty of natural light, so it’s easy to see and get to each department within the library.(提供免费的印刷和数字信息，它传达了一种开放和无障碍的感觉。此外，整个图书馆都在同一层，它有一个开放的设计——没有内墙或隔板。此外，大窗户让充足的自然光进入，所以很容易看到和到达图书馆的每个部门。)”具体解释了图书馆的设计,充分考虑到了其功能，选项D“图书馆的设计考虑到了功能”概括本段大意。故选D项。 19．上文“Growth from the rooftop garden, which reaches down the sides of the building, adds to the aesthetics of the building.(从屋顶花园一直延伸到建筑的两侧，增加了建筑的美感。)”说明屋顶花园增加了建筑和自然环境的联系，选项E“它软化了结构的线条，有助于它融入自然环境”承接上文，说明它的设计融入自然环境。故选E项。 20．上文“Durability, functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow Vitruvius’s principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. (耐用性、功能性和美观性使罗斯顿维尔图书馆成为一个伟大的建筑。遵循Vitruvius原则的建筑师帮助这座城市变得更加宜居。)”介绍伟大的建筑的标准，选项G“满足这些标准的建筑为用户提供了内心的平静和美丽”承接上文，进一步说明满足这些标准带来的内在美。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经冒险辞掉工作，骑自行车独行穿越中国西部，这是他人生中最大的冒险经历。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我父母发现我的所作所为时，差点被吓出心脏病。A. rate比率；B. attack袭击、疾病侵袭；C. test测试；D. surgery手术。根据上文“The biggest risk I’ve ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.(我冒过的最大的风险就是辞掉工作，独自骑自行车穿越中国西部)”可知，作者做过的最冒险的事情就是辞职骑车穿越中国西部。由此可知，作者的父母得知这一切时应该吓了一跳。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我已经做了决定。A. conclusion结论；B. attempt试图；C. decision决定；D. outline大纲、轮廓。根据上文内容“I almost gave my parents a heart　　1　　when they found out what I was doing (当我父母发现我的所作所为时，差点被吓出心脏病)”可知，作者最终还是骑车穿越中国西部，由此可知，此时作者已经做了决定。故选C。 3．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我一点也不知道这将成为我一生中最伟大的经历。A. carry on继续进行、从事；B. take off脱去、起飞；C. make up组成、编造；D. turn into转变成。根据下文“the greatest experience of my life.(这是我一生中最伟大的经历)”可知，作者当时还不知道这一决定成为了一生中最伟大的经历。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在开始我的中国之旅之前，我从来没有一天骑自行车超过两个小时。A. biked骑自行车；B. driven驾驶；C. traveled旅游；D. surfed浏览、冲浪。根据“biking solo across western China”可知，作者之前每天骑自行车从没超过两个小时。故选A。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对身体是一个巨大的挑战，但我每天都变得更强壮，最终我可以轻松地每天骑8个小时。A. regional地区的；B. mental金属的；C. physical身体的；D. financial金融的。根据“Before starting my trip in China, I had never　　4　　for more than two hours in one day.(在开始我的中国之旅之前，我从来没有一天骑自行车超过两个小时)”可知，作者之前每天骑自行车从没超过两个小时，而现在作者打算骑车穿越中国西部，这对身体是一个巨大的挑战。故选C。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对身体是一个巨大的挑战，但我每天都变得更强壮，最终，我可以轻松地每天骑8个小时。A. eventually最终；B. suddenly突然；C. fortunately幸运地；D. formally正式地。根据上文“but I got stronger every day(但我每天都变得更强壮)”可知，骑行是一个慢慢进步的过程，而随着每天都变得更强壮，最终，作者终于能每天骑8个小时。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我在中国西部遇到了一群骑自行车的中国人。A. rescued救援；B. directed指挥；C. protected保护；D. encountered遭遇。根据 “They invited me to stay with them in the mountains in Yunnan(他们邀请我和他们一起去云南的山区)”可知，这是作者在骑自行车过程中所遇到的人。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们邀请我和他们一起住在云南的山上，用我们自己砍的木头在火上烹饪鱼。A. cooking烹饪；B. catching抓到；C. washing洗；D. eating吃。根据空后“fish over a fire with wood we chopped ourselves(在火上用我们自己砍的木头钓鱼)”可知，空处指的是用自己砍的木头在火上烹饪鱼。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这感觉就像从日常生活的忙碌中获得了真正的自由。A. energy能量；B. freedom自由；C. concern关注；D. fashion时尚。根据空后的“from the busy feeling of everyday life(从日常生活的忙碌中)”可推测，作者此时的感觉就像从忙碌中获得了真正的自由。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我旅行的另一个亮点绝对是食物。A. choice选择；B. invention发明；C. highlight精彩部分；D. progress进步。根据 “One of the best parts of the whole experience was the people.(整个经历中最棒的部分之一就是那里的人)”可知，此处指的是旅行中遇到的美好的另一精彩部分。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最喜欢的是川菜。A. material材料；B. cuisine佳肴；C. medicine药物；D. music音乐。根据上文“Another　　10　　of my journey was definitely the food. I got to taste local food in every place I went.(我旅行的另一个亮点绝对是食物，我每到一个地方都能品尝到当地的食物)”可知，本段指的是佳肴，由此可知，空处指的是川菜。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，我是独自面对大自然的。A. alone单独的；B. wild野外的；C. safe安全的；D. empty空的。根据第一段“The biggest risk I’ve ever taken was quitting my job and biking solo across western China.(我冒过的最大的风险就是辞掉工作，独自骑自行车穿越中国西部)”可知，作者是独自骑行，作者是独自面对大自然。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在连绵起伏的群山和潺潺的小溪中，中国西部拥有世界上最令惊叹的风景。A. food食物；B. scenery风景；C. culture文化；D. tradition传统。根据上文“Throughout the rolling hills and the babbling brooks(穿过起伏的山丘和潺潺的小溪)”可知，此处作者所指的是中国西部的风景。故选B。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意:我觉得我可以永远做下去。A. indeed确实；B. otherwise否则；C. forever永远；D. instead反而。根据上文“By the end of my journey, I wanted to keep going.(在我的旅程结束时，我想继续前进)”可知，作者还想继续这样骑行，由此可知，空处指的是作者可以永远做这件事。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强烈建议骑自行车去旅行。A. permit许可；B. appreciate欣赏、感激；C. understand理解；D. recommend推荐。根据上文“If anyone has an interest in traveling(如果有人对旅游感兴趣)”可知，作者推荐对旅游感兴趣的人去骑自行车。故选D。
【答案】1. which 2.At 3.voiced 4. accounting 5. deeply 6. is based 7. country’s 8. a 9. themselves 10. to push 【详解】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国年轻一代的文化自信。 1. 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：根据在线调查平台问卷网最近的一项调查，约96%的受访青年表示他们 愿意购买国超产品，国超指的是本土品牌的产品。关系词指代先行词guo chao products并在非限定性定语从句作主语，故填which。 2. 考查固定短语。句意：与此同时，91.6%的受访者表示希望有更多深入挖掘中国传统文化的视频节目。at the same time 与此同时，故填At。 3. 考查时态。句意同上，陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填voiced。 4. 考查with的复合结构。句意：受访者的年龄范围从80后到00后，其中00后占22.1%。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，the latter与account for之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填accounting。 5. 考查副词。句意：如今，我们与世界上大多数国家都有着密切的联系，这使得我们对外部世界有了全面 的了解，但我们仍然对自己的文化充满信心。修饰be connected with用副词，表示程度深，故填deeply。 6. 考查短语和时态。句意：这种自豪感是以理性思考为基础的。be based on以……为基础，陈述的是客观 事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，故填is based。 7. 考查名词所有格。句意：中国年轻人出生和成长于中国经济腾飞之时，因此他们往往对自己的民族身份和文化有着强烈的信心。此处用名词所有格修饰后面的名词economy，表示“国家的”，故填country’s。 8. 考查冠词。句意：他们对外面的世界有了充分的了解，经过几轮的比较，终于发现自己处于优势地位。a full understanding of 对……有充分的了解，故填a。 9. 考查反身代词。宾语指的就是主语自己，所以用反身代词作宾语，故填themselves。 10. 考查不定式。句意：苏说，现在正是推出带有中国传统文化特色的文化产品的绝佳时机。此处用不定式作原因状语，故填to push。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【6】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·浙江台州·高三上学期第一次教学质量评估）
Challenge curious young minds from 9 to 14 with Cricket Media’s collection of magazines. Whether your child is a promising poet or a future engineer, these award-winning, ad-free publications are made for your kids.
CRICKET Magazine
CRICKET Magazine, our flagship publication, is the world leader in providing the highest-quality fiction and nonfiction to children from 9 to 14. Since its premiere in 1973, CRICKET has delighted and entertained generations of kids with contemporary stories and classic literature from the world’s best writers. ADD TO CART
COBBLESTONE Magazine
COBBLESTONE knows history doesn’t have to be dull and dry. Filled with fascinating true stories of American history, every page is a living, breathing guide to how Americans lived from the 1600s to today. It takes kids on a journey through history while exciting their imaginations and bringing the past to life! ADD TO CART
FACES Magazine
FACES magazine takes young readers around the world and back to learn about important inventions and ideas from other cultures. From common customs to rules of the road, games to housing, FACES uses breathtaking photography and authentic local voices to bring the entire world right to your kids. ADD TO CART
MUSE Magazine
MUSE magazine is the arts and science magazine for kids from 9 to 14 who want to know how to keep robots from taking over the world or whether animals can think, accompanied by high-quality illustration and photography. Explore the world in a fun (and funny!) way with MUSE. ADD TO CART
1．In which magazine will young readers probably read fun-filled history stories
A．CRICKET Magazine. B．COBBLESTONE Magazine.
C．FACES Magazine. D．MUSE Magazine.
2．What do FACES Magazine and MUSE Magazine have in common
A．They provide high-quality fictions. B．They cover life in foreign countries.
C．They are vividly illustrated with photos. D．They are packed with authentic local voices.
3．What is the text
A．A science blog. B．A literature review.
C．An encyclopedia entry, D．A publication advertisement.
B
(2023·广东东莞·东莞中学校联考期中)
Mia, 12, is now on a year-long trip with her parents and three younger brothers. Far from their home in Quebec, Canada, the family rode horses in Mongolia, kayaked in Cambodia, camped in Namibia and flew in a hot air balloon in Turkey, looking to collect as many once-in-a-lifetime memories as they could.
The memories really matter because unless science makes a breakthrough soon, three of the children will become blind, likely in adulthood. They have been diagnosed with a disease that has no effective treatment and no specific timeline as it gradually robs them of their sight.
The diagnoses came in 2015. Despite the grief, the parents were surprised to find Mia, then 7, was calm about it. She announced that she would need to start keeping her bedroom especially neat, with everything in its place. “In the future, I’ll need to know where things are,” Mia said.
“She’s finding solutions on her own,” the parents told each other. “We need to follow her lead.” And so the idea of a yearlong trip was born, one that would show the kids the world, in person and at close range – while the kids could still see it. For the next two years, the parents saved money and researched places to visit. “How we adults see the world and how kids see the world are so different.” says the mother, Edith. “It would have to be less about temples and museums and more about whatever caught their eyes.”
By the time the trip began to wind down in early 2023, the family had traveled 52,000 miles and visited 18 countries. Mia grew taller and when entering adolescence, needed more independence. Her brothers became more confident and outgoing. The kids were very aware that they had learned a lot. “There’s a lot of suffering, a lot of poverty, but lots of good and interesting things too. We should be positive.” said Mia.
4. What’s the probable function of the first paragraph
A. To lead in the story behind. B. To arouse the readers’ interest.
C. To provide background information. D. To inform readers of a wonderful trip.
5. What can be inferred about the parents from paragraph 3 and 4
A. They are optimistic about the children’s disease.
B. They are surprised at their daughter’s creative ideas.
C. They are proud of their daughter’s courage to face difficulties.
D. They are open-minded enough to respect their children’s decision.
6. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The details about the year-long journey.
B. The keen anticipation of Mia about the future.
C. The changes of the kids physically and mentally.
D. The impression Mia had of what she had experienced.
7. Which is the best title of the story
A. Seeing is believing. B. Making the most of the vision.
C. Man who travels far knows more. D. The eyes are the window to the soul.
C
（2023·四川·统考模拟）
It’s becoming increasingly vital for individuals to cultivate strong critical thinking skills. Critical thinking involves analyzing information and evidence in a clear, logical, and unbiased way. It’s the ability to ask relevant questions, evaluate information, and come to well-reasoned conclusions.
One of the key benefits of critical thinking is that it can help us make better decisions. By analyzing information carefully, we can avoid making hasty or impulsive decisions that we may later regret. Instead, we can make well-informed choices that are backed by evidence and logical reasoning.
Critical thinking is also essential for academic success. College and university courses require students to read and analyze texts, synthesize information from different sources, and present evidence-based arguments. Without the ability to think critically, students may struggle to excel in their coursework and may be unable to engage in meaningful debates and discussions.
Moreover, strong critical thinking skills are necessary for success in the workplace. Many employers look for individuals who can provide well-reasoned solutions to complex problems, think creatively, and make sound judgments. Critical thinking skills enable us to consider various options and outcomes and weigh the pros and cons of each before arriving at a decision.
Finally, critical thinking is crucial for participation in civic life and democracy. Informed citizens need to be able to evaluate information from different sources and decide which sources are reliable. They need to be able to question assumptions, separate fact from opinion, and make well-reasoned decisions when voting or participating in public debate.
Critical-thinking skills are essential for success in many areas of life. They enable us to make better decisions, excel academically and professionally, and participate effectively in civic life. Therefore, it’s important for individuals to cultivate and develop these skills throughout their lives.
8．Why are strong critical thinking skills essential for academic success
A．Because academic courses require students to memorize information from different sources.
B．Because academic courses require students to engage in debates and discussions.
C．Because academic courses require students to analyze and synthesize information from different sources and present evidence-based arguments.
D．Because academic courses require students to avoid learning from different sources.
9．Why are critical thinking skills necessary for success in office
A．Because employers need individuals who supply evidence and reasoning to arrive at conclusions.
B．Because employers look for individuals who can’t provide well-reasoned solutions to complex problems.
C．Because employers want individuals who can make right and impulsive decisions.
D．Because employers try to gain individuals who provide reasoned solutions to problems, think creatively, and so forth.
10．Why is critical thinking crucial for participation in civic life and democracy
A．Because it’s dispensable for informed citizens to evaluate information from different sources.
B．Because informed citizens need become capable of question-assumptions, separate fact from opinion, etc.
C．Because civic life and democracy do require individuals to be informed in advance.
D．Because informed citizens neglect evidence and proof when participating in public debate.
11．What’s the best title for this passage
A．The Importance of Exercise for Academic Success
B．The Power of Positive Thinking for Workplace Success
C．The Significance of Critical Thinking Skills
D．The Art of Persuasion in Civic Life
D
（2023·河南·校联考一模）
A worrying rise in social media posts, suggesting that people leave their Halloween pumpkins in the woods to feed wildlife after October 31, has made wildlife experts concerned. Thousands of pumpkins are discarded in woods across Britain. While well-meaning pumpkin carvers might think they are doing the local animals groups a kindness, leaving your leftover jack-o’-lantern in the woodland is actually doing more harm than good.
“A myth seems to have built up that leaving pumpkins in woods helps wildlife, but behind it are many hidden issues.” said Paul Bunton, engagement and communication officer at The Woodland Trust, according to The Telegraph.
One of the main issues is that the leftover of the Halloween pumpkins are often eaten by already struggling hedgehogs(刺猬). In early November, hedgehogs are looking to gain as much weight as possible to survive their winter hibernation. However, eating pumpkin is harmful to their little hedgehog stomachs, leading to diarrhea and dehydration. This means they may struggle to put on weight, and in some cases can even be fatal.
Moreover, leftover Halloween pumpkins can contain candles and plastic decorations which can also be fatal to wildlife if mistakenly eaten. The rotting leftover can also attract less popular wildlife, such as rats, to an area. According to The Woodland Trust, the additional nutrients in the pumpkins can negatively affect the soil balance as well. “Pumpkin flesh can have a really harmful effect on woodland soils,plants, and fungi(真菌),” Bunton pointed out.
So what should you do with your beautifully carved pumpkin creation after October 31 Most experts recommend composting (堆肥) it yourself at home if you can, or asking if a local farm will accept it as a donation. You could even try some scientific experiments to produce more energy from the throw-away wasted. Either way, the hedgehogs will thank vou.
12．What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in paragraph 1
A．Processed. B．Recycled. C．Deserted. D．Preserved.
13．Why do hedgehogs try to eat so many pumpkins in early November
A．To enjoy the sweet food. B．To fill their stomachs.
C．To prepare for the winter. D．To improve their health.
14．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The additional nutrients in the leftover pumpkins.
B．The damages of candles and plastic in the pumpkins.
C．The attraction of the rotting leftovers to some wildlife.
D．Further explanation of the effect of leftover pumpkins.
15．What are people advised to do with the leftover pumpkins after Halloween .
A．Stop leaving your pumpkins in the woods.
B．Keep your beautiful pumpkin creations at home.
C．Feed the hedgehogs with the leftover pumpkins.
D．Bury the pumpkins leftover deep under the ground.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·吉林·统考模拟测试）
How to Turn Your Dreams into a Reality
Do you have dreams, visions or plans about things you’d love to have or achieve Of course you do! We all do. Unfortunately, dreaming is the easy part. 16 The good news is that there are proven techniques that can get you from where you are to where you want to be. Follow this process to bring your dreams to fruition (实现):
Turn your dream into a goal.
When you have a goal, you have a true target. For a greater chance of success, your plan should have a deadline and it must be measurable. 17 Give yourself the gift of setting a deadline and things will start to happen. Make your goal as desirable as possible without being unrealistic. If you feel that your goal is unreasonable, it’s much more difficult to encourage yourself to actually pursue it.
Prioritize (优先化) your goal daily.
18 You give instructions to your brain thousands of times a day. Let your mind know that your goal is something more important than “I feel like eating a ham sandwich” or “I need to stop at the grocery store on the way home”.
19
Difficult goals can rarely be achieved alone; you’re likely to need some help and guidance. Look at the list you made and see what you already have in your life that could help you on your path.
Track your progress.
Measure your progress each day. Use old fashioned paper and pencil or take advantage of the latest smartphone app. 20 You can only adjust your approach if you know how you’re doing. Consider making a chart if that’s applicable to your goal.
A．Read and write your goal each day.
B．Make a list of negative associations.
C．Classify (将……分类) your available resources.
D．Tracking is critical to making continued progress.
E．Turning those dreams into a reality is the challenge.
F．It has been said that dreams are goals without a deadline.
G．So make a list of all the negative stuff that slip into your mind.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河南郑州·宇华实验学校高三上学期1月期末）
My son turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphone. He was the only kid in his class without one. When he asked for a phone, I 1 .
“You can choose to do things 2 when you’re a parent.” I replied. But sometimes, I wondered if I was being too stubborn (固执的) or unfair.
The more I research, the more confident I feel in my 3 . Many studies 4 the current mental health crisis among teenagers to changes in how they socialize, namely, the change from in-person to online 5 .
But other parents 6 my view, saying “He must feel so left out!” Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone 7 longer than they did. They 8 me to hold out.
If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing Kids 9 in their devices are missing out on real life, which strikes me a lot.
I want my son to have a 10 childhood, one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges. The simplest way to achieve these 11 is to delay giving him a smartphone.
Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not. He does well in school, 12 with friends, and moves independently around our town. He claimed he would give his own 14-year-old boy a phone someday, and I told him that’s 13 . But recently, he admitted he 14 the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.
If that is his 15 of admitting I’m right, I’ll take it.
1．A．agreed B．exclaimed C．refused D．apologized
2．A．gently B．differently C．desperately D．slightly
3．A．decision B．conversation C．preference D．memory
4．A．treat B．link C．limit D．solve
5．A．interaction B．payment C．business D．guidance
6．A．present B．change C．favor D．challenge
7．A．addiction B．membership C．ownership D．preference
8．A．require B．forbid C．refuse D．support
9．A．skilled B．absorbed C．hidden D．specialized
10．A．causal B．stable C．dramatic D．memorable
11．A．breakthroughs B．balances C．goals D．milestones
12．A．hangs out B．catches up C．shows off D．settles down
13．A．silly B．fine C．incredible D．meaningful
14．A．missed B．appreciated C．imagined D．polluted
15．A．commitment B．aim C．version D．promise
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·浙江·天台中学校联考阶段练习)
The power of Chinese emperors rose and fell with their control of the Grand Canal. Today, this waterway is shorter than it was once, 1 it is still the longest man-made river in the world. 2 (important), the Grand Canal continues to provide a vital cultural and economic link for modern China.
The original Canal system began around the year 605, 3 China’s emperor Yang realized that he needed a better way to move food and feed his army, so the emperor ordered the construction of the first section of the Grand Canal, 4 (connect) those existing canals, lakes and rivers.
For more than a thousand years, goods 5 (transport) along the Grand Canal. Even today the country’s watery highway plays an important economic role in China. Boats continue to carry tons of coal, food and other goods 6 Hangzhou and Jining. However, local governments eager to increase 7 (tour) and city development have torn down almost all of the older canal-side buildings. In 2005 a group of citizens proposed that the historic Grand Canal be made 8 UNESCO world heritage site, hoping this status would protect both the waterway and the architecture around it. With UNESCO status officially 9 (grant) in 2014, the world’s greatest engineering accomplishments continue to link north and south China for 10 (century) to come.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本适合9至14岁孩子看的杂志。 1．细节理解题。根据“COBBLESTONE Magazine”下面的“COBBLESTONE knows history doesn’t have to be dull and dry. Filled with fascinating true stories of American history, every page is a living, breathing guide to how Americans lived from the 1600s to today.(COBBLESTONE知道历史不一定是枯燥乏味的。每一页都充满了引人入胜的美国历史真实故事，是美国人从17世纪到今天生活的生动指南。)”可知，读者可能在COBBLESTONE Magazine上读到有趣的历史故事。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“FACES Magazine”下面的“From common customs to rules of the road, games to housing, FACES uses breathtaking photography and authentic local voices to bring the entire world right to your kids.(从常见的习俗到道路规则，从游戏到住房，FACES使用令人惊叹的摄影和真实的当地声音，将整个世界带给你的孩子。)”和“MUSE Magazine”下面的“MUSE magazine is the arts and science magazine for kids from 9 to 14 who want to know how to keep robots from taking over the world or whether animals can think, accompanied by high-quality illustration and photography.(MUSE杂志是一本艺术和科学杂志，面向9至14岁的孩子，他们想知道如何阻止机器人占领世界，或者动物是否会思考，并配以高质量的插图和摄影。)”可知，这两本杂志都用图片进行生动的说明。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章开头的图和每个杂志介绍最后的“ADD TO CART(添加到购物车)”可推测出，本文应该是一则出版物广告。故选D。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Mia一家为了制造回忆，在孩子们失明前进行为期一年的旅行的故事。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Far from their home in Quebec, Canada, the family rode horses in Mongolia, kayaked in Cambodia, camped in Namibia and flew in a hot air balloon in Turkey, looking to collect as many once-in-a-lifetime memories as they could.(他们远离加拿大魁北克的家，在蒙古骑马，在柬埔寨划皮艇，在纳米比亚露营，在土耳其乘坐热气球，希望尽可能多地收集一生中一次的回忆。)”和第二段“The memories really matter because unless science makes a breakthrough soon, three of the children will become blind, likely in adulthood. They have been diagnosed with a disease that has no effective treatment and no specific timeline as it gradually robs them of their sight.(这些记忆真的很重要，因为除非科学很快取得突破，否则其中三个孩子很可能会在成年后失明。他们被诊断出患有一种疾病，这种疾病没有有效的治疗方法，也没有具体的时间表，因为它会逐渐夺走他们的视力。)”可知，第一段主要是要引出他们旅行的背后的故事，故选A。 5. 推理判断题。根据第四段““She’s finding solutions on her own,” the parents told each other. “We need to follow her lead.”(“她在自己寻找解决办法，”父母互相告诉对方。“我们需要跟随她的脚步。”)”可知，这对父母很开明，尊重孩子的决定，故选D。 6. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Mia grew taller and when entering adolescence, needed more independence. Her brothers became more confident and outgoing. The kids were very aware that they had learned a lot.(米娅长高了，进入青春期后，她需要更多的独立。她的兄弟们变得更加自信和外向。孩子们很清楚他们学到了很多东西。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是孩子们身心的变化。故选C。 7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“The memories really matter because unless science makes a breakthrough soon, three of the children will become blind, likely in adulthood. They have been diagnosed with a disease that has no effective treatment and no specific timeline as it gradually robs them of their sight.(这些记忆真的很重要，因为除非科学很快取得突破，否则其中三个孩子很可能会在成年后失明。他们被诊断出患有一种疾病，这种疾病没有有效的治疗方法，也没有具体的时间表，因为它会逐渐夺走他们的视力。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Mia一家为了制造回忆，在孩子们失明前进行为期一年的旅行的故事，因此最好的题目是B选项“Making the most of the vision.(充分利用视力。)”。故选B。
【答案】8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了批判性思维能力在生活的许多领域的重要性。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段中“College and university courses require students to read and analyze texts, synthesize information from different sources, and present evidence-based arguments.(学院和大学课程要求学生阅读和分析文本，综合不同来源的信息，并提出基于证据的论点。)”可知，强大的批判性思维能力对学术成功至关重要的原因是因为学术课程要求学生分析和综合来自不同来源的信息，并提出基于证据的论点。故选C项。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Many employers look for individuals who can provide well-reasoned solutions to complex problems, think creatively, and make sound judgments.(许多雇主都在寻找能够为复杂问题提供合理解决方案、创造性思维和做出正确判断的人。)”可知，批判性思维技能是办公室成功的必要条件的原因是因为雇主想要的是那些能为问题提供合理的解决方案、创造性思维的人。故选D项。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Informed citizens need to be able to evaluate information from different sources and decide which sources are reliable. They need to be able to question assumptions, separate fact from opinion, and make well-reasoned decisions when voting or participating in public debate.(知情的公民需要能够评估来自不同来源的信息，并决定哪些来源是可靠的。他们需要能够质疑假设，区分事实和观点，并在投票或参与公共辩论时做出合理的决定。)”可知，批判性思维对参与公民生活和民主至关重要的原因是因为知情的公民需要具备质疑假设、区分事实和观点等能力。故选B项。 11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Critical-thinking skills are essential for success in many areas of life. They enable us to make better decisions, excel academically and professionally, and participate effectively in civic life. Therefore, it’s important for individuals to cultivate and develop these skills throughout their lives.(批判性思维能力在生活的许多领域都是成功的关键。它们使我们能够做出更好的决定，在学术和专业上脱颖而出，并有效地参与公民生活。因此，对个人来说，在一生中培养和发展这些技能是很重要的。)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了批判性思维能力在生活的许多领域的重要性。C项“批判性思维技能的重要性”符合题意。故选C项。
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了万圣节后剩下的南瓜丢弃到树林里所产生的不良影响，建议人们不要把南瓜丢弃到树林里。 12．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“A worrying rise in social media posts, suggesting that people leave their Halloween pumpkins in the woods to feed wildlife after October 31, has made wildlife experts concerned. (社交媒体上有越来越多的帖子建议人们在10月31日之后把万圣节南瓜丢到树林里喂野生动物，这让野生动物专家感到担忧。)”说明有很多万圣节南瓜丢弃在了树林里，从而推知划线词句“Thousands of pumpkins are discarded in woods across Britain. (成千上万的南瓜被discarded在英国各地的树林里。)”中划线词汇意思应为“丢弃”。故选C项。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One of the main issues is that the leftover of the Halloween pumpkins are often eaten by already struggling hedgehogs(刺猬). In early November, hedgehogs are looking to gain as much weight as possible to survive their winter hibernation. (其中一个主要问题是，万圣节南瓜的剩余部分经常被已经在挣扎的刺猬吃掉。在11月初，刺猬会尽可能地增重以度过冬眠期。)”可知，刺猬在11月初吃那么多南瓜是为冬天做准备。故选C项。 14．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Moreover, leftover Halloween pumpkins can contain candles and plastic decorations which can also be fatal to wildlife if mistakenly eaten. The rotting leftover can also attract less popular wildlife, such as rats, to an area. According to The Woodland Trust, the additional nutrients in the pumpkins can negatively affect the soil balance as well. (此外，万圣节剩下的南瓜可能含有蜡烛和塑料装饰品，如果被误食，对野生动物也是致命的。腐烂的剩菜还会吸引不太受欢迎的野生动物，如老鼠，来到一个区域。林地信托基金会表示，南瓜中额外的营养物质也会对土壤平衡产生负面影响。)”可知，本段主要对剩余南瓜的不良影响作进一步解释。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段中“While well-meaning pumpkin carvers might think they are doing the local animals groups a kindness, leaving your leftover jack-o’-lantern in the woodland is actually doing more harm than good. (虽然好心的南瓜雕刻者可能认为他们是在为当地的动物群体做一件好事，但把你剩下的南瓜灯丢弃到森林里实际上是弊大于利。)”和最后一段“So what should you do with your beautifully carved pumpkin creation after October 31 Most experts recommend composting (堆肥) it yourself at home if you can, or asking if a local farm will accept it as a donation. You could even try some scientific experiments to produce more energy from the throw-away wasted.(那么，在10月31日之后，你应该如何处理雕刻精美的南瓜呢？大多数专家建议，如果可以的话，可以自己在家里堆肥，或者询问当地农场是否接受捐赠。你甚至可以尝试一些科学实验，从浪费的垃圾中产生更多的能量)”推知，文章建议人们不要把万圣节后剩下的南瓜丢弃到树林里。故选A项。
【答案】16．E 17．F 18．A 19．C 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。每个人都有自己的梦想，那么怎么能把梦想变为现实呢？本文提出了一些可行性建议。 16．上文“Unfortunately, dreaming is the easy part. (不幸的是，有梦想是一件轻松的事情)”说明有梦想是件容易的事。空处和前文为转折关系，并且引出下文。E项中的challenge和前文中的easy是相反的意思，说明有梦想容易，但是把梦想转变成现实是一个挑战。故选E。 17．下文“Give yourself the gift of setting a deadline and things will start to happen. (给你自己设定一个梦想实现的截止日期，然后事情就会逐渐开始进行)”说明给梦想设置截止日期，那么梦想就会慢慢实现。空处呼应本段标题，引出下文。F项中的goals和本段主题相呼应，“without a deadline”和下文中的“setting a deadline”相呼应，表明有人认为梦想就是没有最后期限的目标，但实际上我们要给它设定一个截止日期。故选F。 18．小标题“Prioritize your goal daily (每天优先考虑你的目标)”说明本段主要给出了每天优先考虑你的目标的建议。空处进一步说明怎样优先考虑你的目标。A项“每天读写你的目标”符合语境。故选A。 19．下文“Look at the list you made and see what you already have in your life that could help you on your path.(看看你列出的清单，看看你生活中已经有什么可以帮助你走上正轨)”说明本段建议把可利用的资源列成目录分类，然后看在你生活中所能帮助你的那些资源。C项“对可用资源进行分类。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选C。 20．小标题“Track your progress.(跟踪你的进度)”以及空前“Measure your progress each day. Use old fashioned paper and pencil or take advantage of the latest smartphone app. (衡量你每天的进步。使用老式的纸和铅笔，或者使用最新的智能手机应用程序)”说明本段所给建议为每天都追踪你的进度。空处表明这种方法的重要性。D项中的Tracking 和主旨句相呼应，说明追踪对于取得持续进展至关重要。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍作者不给儿子使用手机，并且解释了坚持这种做法的原因。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他要电话时，我拒绝了。A. agreed同意；B. exclaimed惊叫；C. refused拒绝；D. apologized道歉。根据上文“He was the only kid in his class without one.”以及下文作者解释的原因可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，故选C。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当你为人父母时，你可以选择不同的做法。”我回答说。A. gently温柔地；B. differently不同地；C. desperately绝望地；D. slightly稍微。根据上文“When he asked for a phone, I 　　1　　.”可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，所以和儿子说的话是他为人父母时可以不这样做，故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我研究得越多，我对自己的决定就越有信心。A. decision决定；B. conversation谈话；C. preference偏爱；D. memory回忆。根据上文“Many studies 　　4　　 the current mental health crisis among teenagers to changes in how they socialize, namely, the change from in-person to online 　　5　　.”可知研究的越多，知道上网和青少年精神健康危机有联系，所以作者对自己的决定越有信心，故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多研究将当前青少年的心理健康危机与他们社交方式的变化联系起来，即从面对面互动到在线互动的变化。 A. treat对待；B. link联系；C. limit限制；D. solve解决。根据下文“the change from in-person to online 　　5　　.”可知青少年心理健康和社交方式变化有联系，故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interaction互动；B. payment支付；C. business业务；D. guidance指导。根据“how they socialize”可知怎样社交，所以是从面对面的互动到网络互动的变化，故选A。 6．查动词词义辨析。句意：但也有家长质疑我的观点，他们说：“他一定觉得自己被冷落了!”A. present提出；B. change改变；C. favor更喜爱；D. challenge质疑。根据下文““He must feel so left out!””可知有的家长不同意作者不给儿子电话的做法，所以应该是质疑作者的观点，故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一些父母悲伤地告诉我，他们后悔没有更晚才让孩子有手机。A. addiction着迷；B. membership会员身份；C. ownership所有权；D. preference偏爱。根据上文“Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone”可知有些父母后悔没有更晚让自己孩子拥有手机，故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们支持我坚持下去。A. require要求；B. forbid禁止；C. refuse拒绝；D. support支持。根据上文“Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone 　　7　　 longer than they did.”可知那些后悔的父母支持作者坚持自己的做法，故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉迷于电子设备的孩子正在错失现实生活，这让我很震惊。A. skilled熟练的；B. absorbed专注的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. specialized专业的。根据上文“If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing ”可知一天花5小时在电子设备上，应该是沉迷于电子设备，be absorbed in，意为“沉迷于”，符合句意，故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的儿子有一个难忘的童年，一个充满冒险、充满想象力的游戏和身体挑战的童年。A. causal因果关系的；B. stable稳定的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. memorable难忘的。根据下文“one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges”可知作者希望儿子的童年丰富多彩，令人难忘，故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实现这些目标最简单的方法就是推迟给他智能手机。A. breakthroughs突破；B. balances平衡；C. goals目标；D. milestones里程碑。根据上文“I want my son to have a 　　10　　 childhood, one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges.”可知这些是作者想要的目标，故选C。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在学校表现很好，和朋友一起出去玩，在我们镇上独立活动。A. hangs out闲逛；B. catches up追赶；C. shows off炫耀；D. settles down定居。根据下文“with friends”和常识可知是和朋友出去游玩，故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说有一天他会给自己14岁的儿子一部手机，我告诉他没关系。A. silly愚蠢的；B. fine很好，不错；C. incredible不可思议的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文““You can choose to do things 　　2　　 when you’re a parent.” I replied.”和下文“But recently, he admitted he 　　14　　 the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.”可知作者不会反对儿子的想法，让儿子自己意识到电子设备的弊端，所以应该是没关系，故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最近，他承认自己在开车去山上的路上错过了美丽的风景，因为他太专注于iPad了。A. missed错过；B. appreciated欣赏；C. imagined想像；D. polluted污染。根据下文“because he had been so absorbed in his iPad”可知因为太专注于iPad，所以会错过美丽的风景，故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这就是他承认我是对的方式，我接受。A. commitment承诺；B. aim目的；C. version版本，型式；D. promise诺言。根据上文“But recently, he admitted he 　　14　　 the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.”可知儿子自己意识到电子设备的弊端，所以也是承认作者是对的一种方式，故选C。
【答案】 1. But 2. Importantly 3. when 4. connecting 5. have been transported 6. between 7. Tourism 8. a 9. granted 10. centuries 【详解】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了大运河的发展历史和意义，以及人们为保护大运河做出的努力。 1. 考查连词。句意：现如今这条水道比以前更短了，但是它仍然是世界上最长的人工河。分析句意可知， 前后句之间是转折关系，用连词but连接前后两个分句。故填but。 2. 考查副词。句意：重要的是，大运河继续提供重要的文化和现代中国经济的联系。空格处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填Importantly。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：最初的运河系统大约始于公元605年，当时中国的隋炀帝意识到他需要一种更好的方式来运输食物和养活他的军队，所以皇帝下令建造大运河的第一段，连接现有的运河、湖泊和河流。 此处为定语从句修饰先行词theyear605，关系词将其代入定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：最初的运河系统大约始于公元605年，当时中国的隋炀帝意识到他需要一种更好的方式来运输食物和养活他的军队，所以皇帝下令建造大运河的第一段，连接现有的运河、湖泊和河流。分析句子结构，句子谓语动词是ordered，提示词是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the construction之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填connecting。 5. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1000多年来，货物被沿着大运河运输。空格处在作谓语，根据时间状语For more than a thousand years 可知，应用现在完成时，主语goods和transport 是动宾关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been transported。 6. 考查介词。句意：船只继续在杭州和济宁之间运输大量的煤炭、食物和其他的货物。between…and…是 固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。 7. 考查名词。句意：然而地方政府渴望增加旅游和城市的发展，已经拆毁了几乎所有运河边的老建筑。根 据and并列结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，tourism为不可数名词。故填tourism。 8. 考查冠词。句意：2005年一群公民提议将历史悠久的大运河列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，希望这一地位能够保护这条水道和它周围的建筑。site为可数名词，此处表示泛指，UNESCO以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着联合国教科文组织保护遗产的身份在2014年被官方认定，世界上最大的伟大的工程成就将在未来的几世纪里继续连接中国的南方和北方。考查with的复合结构，空格处应填非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语UNESCO status和grant之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填granted。 10. 考查名词的数。句意：随着联合国教科文组织保护遗产的身份在2014年被官方认定，世界上最大的伟大的工程成就将在未来的几世纪里继续连接中国的南方和北方。根据空格前的介词for可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，century表示“世纪”为可数名词，上文没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填centuries。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【7】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·湖北武汉·武汉市黄陂区第一中学校考模拟预测）
What limits you from hiking more often Many complain that they don't have a suitable partner to go with. Why not take a look at the great hiking clubs across Canada
Yukon Outdoors Club
Website: yukonoutdoorsclub.ca
Membership cost: $10 for a single membership; $15 for a family membership
Description: The club arranges day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, cross-country skiing trips, snowshoeing trips and various workshops for members to gain new skills and valuable information.
UBC Varsity Outdoor Club
Website: ubc-voc.com
Membership cost: Students $40； non-UBC students $60
Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes, mountaineers, rock climbs and ice climbs. Travel and outdoor-minded UBC students and non-students are welcome to join. The UBC VOC has also constructed a few backcountry cottages in the Coast Mountains.
Pender Harbor Hiking Group
Website: penderharbourhiking.weebly. Com
Membership cost: Free.
Description: The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance, so get on the mailing list or check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you! Hikes are usually one and a half to two hours long, but some full-day hikes are scheduled, depending on members, interest.
Vernon Outdoors Club
Website: vernonoutdoorsclub. Org
Membership cost: A single membership is $25, and students pay $10, Children are free.
Description: Boasting a membership of close to 200 people, the Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling. The group organizes a Tuesday Rambles event each week and also hosts multi-day trips.
1．Which club has built remote shelters for hikers
A．The Yukon Outdoors Club.
B．The Vernon Outdoors Club.
C．The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club.
D．The Pender Harbor Hiking Group.
2．What should you do if you hope to hike with the Pender Harbour Hiking Group
A．Make a proper appointment.
B．Follow the website or the mail.
C．Develop your interest in hiking.
D．Arrange two months ahead of time.
3．What do the four clubs have in common
A．Booking in advance.
B．Charging membership fee.
C．Providing skill workshops.
D．Organizing hiking activities.
B
（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考一模）
“Did you forget your name ” someone asked me at a networking event a few years ago after it took me almost a minute to say it. “No, I stutter (口吃),” I politely replied. This is what I have to face every day. So I wasn’t upset.
I’ve stuttered since I was three years old. In my case, stuttering usually shows itself in terms of repetitions: “My name is S-S-S-S-Samuel.” Instead of being unhappy about the experience at the networking event, I felt proud that I’d brought up my stuttering. But I wasn’t always so forthcoming about it. When I was growing up, I hardly spoke. Whether it was at school or at work, I avoided most social situations out of embarrassment and fear of being laughed at.
But things became different after I attended the National Stuttering Association meeting, the largest gathering of stutterers worldwide. It was the first time I’d met so many other professionals who stutter—lawyers, doctors, actors, etc.—all in one place. To my surprise, everyone spoke without fear or embarrassment. In fact, they were proud. Stuttering was celebrated. That was when I first realized that stuttering isn’t something to be ashamed of. It’s just something I happen to do, and that’s okay.
The change didn’t happen overnight, but over the last eight years, I’ve started to bring up my stuttering more. I’ve talked to friends and co-workers. I’ve mentioned it in every organization I’ve worked for. And when I talk about it with others, it encourages them to open up, too. My stuttering has allowed me to connect with others and develop stronger ties with them.
Don’t get me wrong. It’s still frustrating when I know exactly what I want to say but I just can’t seem to get the words out of my mouth. But today I don’t let my stuttering hold me back. Instead, I let it push me forward and help me make progress.
4．By saying “I wasn’t always so forthcoming about it”, the author means ________.
A．he was once an outgoing person
B．he regretted talking about his stuttering
C．he used to avoid opening up about his stuttering
D．he was unwilling to receive comments on his speech
5．How did the National Stuttering Association meeting influence the author
A．He began to make friends with stutterers.
B．He learned some skills at stopping stuttering there.
C．It made him focus his attention on good comments.
D．The confident stutterers changed his attitude to stuttering.
6．What happened after the author started bringing up his stuttering
A．He has improved his work performance.
B．He became popular among his co-workers.
C．He learned to express himself with simple words.
D．He was able to build a close relationship with others.
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．The power of accepting my stutter B．The challenge from normal people
C．Special ways to live with stuttering D．My experience of overcoming stuttering
C
（2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测）
When the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) began last Friday, Steve and Janet Kistler of Hart County, Kentucky, joined in. They’ve done so every year since the now-global tradition began 25 years ago.
For Moira Dalibor, who teaches math at a school, this was the first count. She led a group of students and parents to an arboretum (植物园) for an exercise in data-gathering. They were among hundreds of thousands of people around the world counting and recording over four days. Last year, about 385,000 people from 192 countries took part in the GBBC．
This global data goes into the eBird database used by scientists for research on bird populations, which have declined sharply overall in past decades. It’s part of a rise in “citizen science” projects in which volunteers collect data about the natural world for use by researchers.
Many bird-watchers use eBird year-round, and it has collected huge amounts of data — often between 1 million and 2 million bird checklists a month from around the world in the past couple of years, says Becca Rodomsky-Bish, the project’s leader at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, in Ithaca, New York. “Observing birds is a good way to connect with the natural world. Birds are everywhere. You don’t have to leave your house. They will come. And they’re charismatic because they’re fun and interesting to watch.”
This is how it works: Participants watch birds, whether that means looking out of the window for 15 minutes or taking a longer trip to a nature area. Organizers recommend the Merlin bird ID app to distinguish birds by size, shape, song or other characteristics. Many participants also carry field guides and binoculars (双筒望远镜) along with their phones. They then enter the findings into the eBird app. Those numbers help researchers track the ups and downs of various species, which then help determine the direction of conservation efforts.
Dalibor prepared her classes with information about local species and practiced with the Merlin app. The kids recorded bird sightings with pencils and drawing boards, and parent volunteers entered those numbers on phones.
12．Why did Dalibor lead her students to an arboretum
A．To do exercise for health. B．To observe different plants.
C．To practice their math skills. D．To collect information about birds.
13．What does the underlined word “charismatic” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Attractive. B．Beautiful. C．Rare. D．Shy.
14．What can people use the Merlin bird ID app to do
A．To record their findings. B．To identify different birds.
C．To help determine the birds’ habitat. D．To track the ups and downs of various species.
15．What’s the best title of the text
A．Great Backyard Bird Count: a strange activity
B．Watching birds contributes to students’ education
C．Moira Dalibor: a pioneer and responsible teacher
D．Great Backyard Bird Count shows power of citizen science
D
（2023·福建泉州·校考模拟预测）
Could looking through trees be the view to a greener future Trees replacing the clear glass in your windows is not a work of science fiction. It's happening now.
Forest Products Laboratory researcher Junyong Zhu together with colleagues from the University of Maryland and University of Colorado has developed a transparent wood material that may be the window of tomorrow. Researchers found that transparent wood has the potential to outperform glass currently used in construction in nearly every way.
While glass is the most common material used in window construction, it comes with quite a few bad consequences. Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it's warm. Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint. Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year, without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass.
The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and Central America. The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath, where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure. The wood is then penetrated（注入）with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）, creating a product that is virtually transparent. So the transparent wood is created, which is far more durable and lighter than glass.
Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well. It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass. cutting energy costs. It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions.
With all of these potential benefits for consumers, manufacturing and the environment, the case for transparent wood couldn't be clearer.
12．What is the main problem with glass used in window construction
A．It is inefficient in letting heat out.
B．It does not reflect light and heat.
C．It cause a high ecological cost
D．It is inconvenient to transport.
13．What does the underlined part "a bleach solution" refer to
A．A liquid to make objects white.
B．A process to solve problems.
C．A container to store liquids.
D．A way to make colors fade.
14．What does paragraph 4 focus on
A．How to make things transparent
B．How to produce the new material.
C．The benefits of the wood material.
D．The great importance of innovation.
15．What is the author's attitude towards transparent wood
A．Skeptical. B．Ambiguous.
C．Conservative. D．Appreciative.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·山东日照·高三山东省日照实验高级中学校联考期中）
When people first come across the Law of Attraction (吸引力法则), their hearts and minds often immediately think of one specific thing that they’d love to achieve in their lives. However, the next thought is often “But I can’t do that”. You may come up with all kinds of excuses. 16 Here are the reasons why you should believe you can use the Law of Attraction to obtain whatever you want.
Small steps create big changes. One of the most common reasons for abandoning dreams is that they simply seem too huge to realize. Usually it’s manageable to think of following your dream as taking a series of significant but small steps. 17 Then look at each of them. Not so unrealistic now, is it
18 When people are interviewed on their deathbeds or write about their lives in autobiographies (自传), it is often observed that major regrets tend to relate to things that were not done. In older age, it’s likely that you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain what you truly wanted. 19 But you don’t ever need to feel this way! Make today the first day of your new journey towards avoiding regret.
Steps towards your dream are never backwards steps. Another common worry is that if you follow your dreams, you’ll be “taking steps back”. 20 However, what looks like backward steps in your old life can more productively and accurately be seen as forwarding steps in the brand new life you’re creating.
A．You can avoid regret.
B．It is no use regretting it.
C．Luckily, the truth is that it’s never too late to follow your dream.
D．It often comes up when people are at the top of careers they hate.
E．It is painful to feel like you haven’t ever found your true purpose.
F．For example, challenge yourself to write down the path to success in ten stages.
G．You have enough life experience and knowledge to pursue your dream.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·江西省景德镇市高三上学期第一次质量检测一模）
The days that make us happy make us wise.
--- John Masefield
When I first read this line by England's Poet Laureate, it 1 me. What did Masefield mean Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the 2 was true. But his serious assurance was 3 . I was deeply attracted by it.
Slowly, I seemed to 4 his meaning and realized the wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception(洞察力), not 5 by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind 6 caused by fear.
Active happiness---not mere satisfaction or 7 ---often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has 8 it. Amazingly, in your eyes, the grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the 9 of your friends are more understandable, and more forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your 10 vision.
Nor are the 11 of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts focused on your emotional woes (痛苦) , your vision is cut short as though blocked by a wall. Happy, the wall 12 .
Consequently, the long vision is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you---people, thoughts, emotions, pressures---are now 13 a larger scene. Everything covers a fairer 14 . Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer seems such a big deal. And here is the beginning of 15 .
1．A．terrified B．satisfied C．surprised D．upset
2．A．other B．opposite C．view D．contrast
3．A．arresting B．amazing C．interesting D．disturbing
4．A．handle B．observe C．appreciate D．seize
5．A．iced B．clouded C．rained D．snowed
6．A．roads B．paths C．spots D．places
7．A．fulfillment B．sorrow C．disappointment D．entertainment
8．A．embraced B．interrupted C．responded D．accompanied
9．A．brightness B．stupidity C．shortcomings D．memories
10．A．physical B．sharp C．spiritual D．solid
11．A．insights B．impressions C．attentions D．expectations
12．A．extended B．collapsed C．witnessed D．withdrew
13．A．got out B．stayed on C．kept off D．fitted into
14．A．proportion B．position C．explanations D．duty
15．A．happiness B．wisdom C．ability D．life
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·广东深圳·外国语学校高三试题）
Many teens dream about leaving home, but the truth can often be much harder than they imagine. Many have been thinking about it, off and on, for some 1 (year); some have been dreaming of independence since they were twelve, or even 2 (young). Leaving home is one part of the teenage dream.
Recently, a survey of “Young People’s Social Attitudes” asked British teenagers for their view 3 leaving home. 49% of 12- to 15-year-olds thought that teenagers should be allowed 4 (leave) home at the age of 16; another 12% said 17, and 8% said “when they want”. Only 23% of young teenagers thought that they should live at home 5 they were 18!
Yet the teenage dream seems to conflict with the experience of real life; when the same question 6 (put) to 18- and 19-year-olds, almost half of 7 (they) replied that teenagers should not leave home before the age of 18.
However, leaving home is part of a teen’s 8 (grow). Many teenagers leave to study or train or look for a job in a different town or city. They will return home when the money runs out. Others leave because they simply want to get out. Most, 9 (especial) younger ones, are happy to go home again later; for a small number, leaving home is 10 definitive break.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以提供徒步旅行的俱乐部。 1．细节理解题。由文中第二部分UBC Varsity Outdoor Club 介绍中“The UBC VOC has also constructed a few backcountry cottages in the Coast Mountains.（UBC VOC在海岸山脉还建造了一些偏僻的村舍。）可知，只有UBC Varsity Outdoor Club提到了为远足者建设了偏远的村舍。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。由第三部分Pender Harbor Hiking Group中“The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance, so get on the mailing list or check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you!”（Pender Harbor远足小组提供提前两个月安排的远足，因此，请进入邮件列表或定期检查网站，以找到适合您的远足！）可知，该俱乐部的远足安排要关注网站或邮件，故选B项。 3．推理判断题。由文中Pender Harbor Hiking Group介绍中“Description: The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance.”（ Pender Harbor远足小组提供提前两个月安排的远足）所以可推知是要提前订票安排的。 A项“Booking in advance.”（提前预定）可知文中并没有提到所有活动都要提前订票。同时该俱乐部介绍中“Membership cost: Free.”（会员费：免费）可知不收取会员费用，故B项“Charging membership fee.”（收取会员费）不对。 文中Yukon Outdoors Club介绍中提到“Description: The club arranges day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, cross-country skiing trips, snowshoeing trips and various workshops for members to gain new skills and valuable. information.”（描述：俱乐部安排一日远足，背包旅行，独木舟旅行，山地自行车，越野滑雪旅行，雪鞋旅行和各种工作坊，供会员获得新技能和宝贵信息。）可知提到了获取技能。其他俱乐部未提及。故C项“Providing skill workshops”（提供技能作坊）不对。根据 UBC Varsity Outdoor Club中的“Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes, mountaineers, rock climbs and ice climbs. ”描述:UBC Varsity户外俱乐部是一个社会团体，包括远足、登山、攀岩和攀冰。根据 Vernon Outdoors Club中的“Description: Boasting a membership of close to 200 people, the Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling.”描述:拥有近200名会员，弗农户外俱乐部是一个活跃的团体，喜欢徒步旅行和骑自行车。由此可知，四个俱乐部都组织徒步活动。故选D项。
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因为口吃而不愿意与人交流，但在加入了全国口吃协会之后，作者变得自信，不再逃避与人交流，且与人联系紧密起来，在生活中取得了很多进步。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中本句后文“When I was growing up, I hardly spoke. Whether it was at school or at work, I avoided most social situations out of embarrassment and fear of being laughed at.（在我成长过程中，我很少说话。无论是在学校还是在工作中，因害怕尴尬和被嘲笑，我会去避免社交。）”可知，作者的意思是他过去常常避免提及自己口吃的事情，也因为害怕尴尬和被嘲笑，而避免社交，故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“That was when I first realized that stuttering isn’t something to be ashamed of. It’s just something I happen to do, and that’s okay.（就在那时，我意识到，口吃并不是什么令人羞愧的事情，这只是我碰巧做的事情，没什么关系的。）”可知，在参加了国家口吃协会后，作者对口吃有了新的认识，协会里自信的口吃者给了改变了他对口吃原有的态度，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The change didn’t happen overnight, but over the last eight years, I’ve started to bring up my stuttering more. I’ve talked to friends and co-workers. I’ve mentioned it in every organization I’ve worked for. And when I talk about it with others, it encourages them to open up, too. My stuttering has allowed me to connect with others and develop stronger ties with them.（这种改变并不是一夜之间发生的，在过去的八年间，我开始更多地提到我的口吃。我和朋友和同事交流，在每个我工作的机构里，我都会提及我的口吃。当我与其他人提起时，也鼓励了他们与我交流。勇敢面对口吃让我敢于与其他人交流，也让我与其他人培养了紧密的联系。）”可知，在作者勇敢面对自己的口吃后，作者与其他人建立了紧密的联系，故选D。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其文章最后一段“But today I don’t let my stuttering hold me back. Instead, I let it push me forward and help me make progress.（但是今天，我不再让我的口吃阻止我。相反，我让它推动我前进，帮助我取得进步。）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者因为口吃而不愿意与人交流，但在加入了全国口吃协会之后，接受了自己的口吃，作者变得自信，不再逃避与人交流，且与人联系紧密起来，在生活中取得了很多进步。故A项“接受口吃的力量”符合文章标题，故选A。
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“后院鸟类大统计”这一活动，这是“公民科学”项目兴起的一部分，在这些项目中，志愿者收集有关自然世界的数据供研究人员使用。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“She led a group of students and parents to an arboretum (植物园) for an exercise in data-gathering.(她带领一群学生和家长到一个植物园进行数据收集练习。)”可知，达利伯要带她的学生去植物园是为了收集鸟类的信息。故选D项。 9．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“because they’re fun and interesting to watch(因为它们看起来很有趣)”可知，这些鸟应该是很有吸引力、有魅力的，所以可推测画线词是Attractive“有吸引力的”意思。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Organizers recommend the Merlin bird ID app to distinguish birds by size, shape, song or other characteristics.(组织者推荐使用梅林鸟类识别应用程序，通过大小、形状、鸣叫或其他特征来区分鸟类。)”可知，人们可以使用梅林鸟类ID应用程序来辨别不同的鸟类。故选B项。 11．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了“后院鸟类大统计”这一活动，这是“公民科学”项目兴起的一部分，在这些项目中，志愿者收集有关自然世界的数据供研究人员使用，所以D选项“伟大的后院鸟类统计显示了公民科学的力量”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选D项。
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文是说明文，研究发明了一种新型材料，透明的木材被创造出来，它比玻璃更耐用，也更轻。12．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it's warm. Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint. Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass”热量很容易通过玻璃传递，当它在寒冷的天气中逃逸，在温暖的天气中涌入时，会导致更高的能源账单。用于建筑的玻璃生产也带来了沉重的碳足迹。如果不考虑玻璃运输的沉重足迹，仅制造业每年的排放量就约为25,000公吨。可知，玻璃窗户会产生更高的能源账单，有严重的碳足迹，说明玻璃窗户的主要问题是不利于环境、生态代价高。故选C项。 13．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath, where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure”研究小组将巴尔沙木材处理到氧化浴中，在室温下将木材保存在漂白剂溶液中，以去除结构上的吸光物质。 研究小组将巴尔沙木材置于a bleach solution 中可知，solution 是一种液体，且能去除结构中的吸光物质。结合常识，白色不吸光，所以巴尔沙木材会变白，可得出a bleach solution 是一种能让物体变白的液体。故选A项。 14．主旨大意题。第四段最后一句“So the transparent wood is created, which is far more durable and lighter than glass.” 因此，透明的木材被创造出来，它比玻璃更耐用，也更轻。本句话是对这一段内容的总结：如何生产出这种新型材料。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With all of these potential benefits for consumers, manufacturing and the environment, the case for transparent wood couldn't be clearer” 由于透明木材对消费者、制造业和环境都有潜在的好处，使用透明木材的理由再清楚不过了。可知，作者认为透明木材对消费者、制造业和环境有潜在好处，说明作者对透明木材持欣赏的（Appreciative）态度。故选D项。
【答案】16．C 17．F 18．A 19．E 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种可以让你保持追逐梦想的方法和建议。 16．根据上文“You may come up with all kinds of excuses.”（你可能会想出各种各样的借口。）提到不想付诸行动的各种借口。以及下文“Here are the reasons why you should believe you can use the Law of Attraction to obtain whatever you want.”（下面是为什么你应该相信你可以利用吸引力法则得到你想要的任何东西的原因。）提到建议和方法。结合选项C项Luckily, the truth is that it’s never too late to follow your dream.（幸运的是，事实是，追逐梦想永远不会太晚。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选C项。 17．根据上文“Usually it’s manageable to think of following your dream as taking a series of significant but small steps.”（通常情况下，你可以把追求梦想看成是一系列重要而又小的步骤。）说明把追求梦想看成重要而又小的步骤。结合选项F项For example, challenge yourself to write down the path to success in ten stages.（例如，挑战自己，把通往成功的道路分为十个阶段。）为具体举例解释这一方法，和上文内容意思一致，为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。 18．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“When people are interviewed on their deathbeds or write about their lives in autobiographies (自传), it is often observed that major regrets tend to relate to things that were not done. In older age, it’s likely that you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain what you truly wanted.”（当人们在弥留之际接受采访，或在自传中讲述他们的生活时，我们常常发现，主要的遗憾往往与没有做过的事情有关。在年老的时候，你很可能会因为你甚至没有尝试做你喜欢的事情或试图获得你真正想要的东西而感到不舒服。）可知，讲的是遗憾往往与没有做过的事情有关。结合选项A项You can avoid regret.（你可以避免后悔。）意思一致，都是讲的关于如何止让自己避免后悔的内容，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 19．根据上文“In older age, it’s likely that you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain what you truly wanted.”（在年老的时候，你很可能会因为你甚至没有尝试做你喜欢的事情或试图获得你真正想要的东西而感到不舒服。）提到没有尝试做你喜欢的事情或试图获得你真正想要的东西。以及下文“But you don’t ever need to feel this way!”（但是你不需要有这种感觉！）结合选项E项It is painful to feel like you haven’t ever found your true purpose.（感觉自己还没有找到自己真正的目标是很痛苦的。）可知，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，下文中提到的feel this way（这种感觉）指的就是该句中的内容。上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选E项。 20．根据上文“Another common worry is that if you follow your dreams, you’ll be “taking steps back”.”（另一个常见的担忧是，如果你追随梦想，你会“后退一步”。）说明追随梦想，你会“后退一步”的这种担忧。以及下文“However, what looks like backward steps in your old life can more productively and accurately be seen as forwarding steps in the brand new life you’re creating.”（然而，在你的旧生活中，那些看起来像是倒退的步骤，可以更有效、更准确地被视为你正在创造的全新生活中的前进步骤。）为转折说明这些担忧可能是创造的全新生活中的前进步骤。结合选项D项It often comes up when people are at the top of careers they hate.（当人们处于自己讨厌的职业巅峰时，这种情况就会出现。）可知，和上下文内容紧密连接，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要论述了作者对“使我们快乐的日子使我们聪明”这句话的深刻认识。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次读到英国桂冠诗人的这句话时，我很惊讶。A. terrified使害怕；B. satisfied使满意；C. surprised使惊讶；D. upset使心烦意乱。根据“Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the 　　2　　 was true.(没有仔细考虑，我一直认为事实正好相反。)”可知，因为和作者一直认为的事实正好相反，所以作者感到惊讶。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有仔细考虑，我一直认为事实正好相反。A. other两者中的另一个（代词）；B. opposite相反的人或物、对立面；C. view观点，看法；D. contrast差异，对比。根据上文“When I first read this line by England's Poet Laureate, it 　　1　　 me. (我第一次读到英国桂冠诗人的这句话时，我很惊讶。)”可知，作者惊讶的原因是，这句话和作者认为的事实正好相反。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他那严肃的保证却引人注目。A. arresting醒目的；引人注意的；B. amazing惊人的，了不起的；C. interesting有趣的；D. disturbing令人不安的。根据“I was deeply attracted by it.(我被它深深吸引了)”可知，他那严肃的保证引人注目，是作者被深深吸引。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我似乎领会了他的意思，意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力，不为焦虑所笼罩，不为绝望和厌倦所蒙蔽，也没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。A. handle处理，应付；B. observe观察；C. appreciate感激；D. seize领悟，理解。根据“and realized the wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception(洞察力)(意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力)”可知，作者慢慢领悟到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我似乎领会了他的意思，意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力，不为焦虑所笼罩，不为绝望和厌倦所蒙蔽，也没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。A. iced杀死；结冰；B. clouded破坏，给……蒙上阴影；C. rained下雨；D. snowed下雪。根据“and realized the wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception(洞察力)(意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力)”可知，幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力，不为焦虑所笼罩。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我似乎领会了他的意思，意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力，不为焦虑所笼罩，不为绝望和厌倦所蒙蔽，也没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。A. roads道路；B. paths通道；C. spots点；斑点；D. places地方。根据“caused by fear(因恐惧而产生)”可知，幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力，没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：积极的快乐——不仅仅是满足或实现，往往来得突然，就像四月的阵雨或花蕾的绽放。A. fulfillment实现；满足（感）；B. sorrow悲哀；C. disappointment失望；D. entertainment娱乐，娱乐表演。根据“Active happiness---not mere satisfaction(积极的快乐——不仅仅是满足)”可知，积极的快乐不仅仅是满足或实现。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后你会发现伴随它而来的是什么样的智慧。A. embraced拥抱；B. interrupted打断；中断；C. responded回答，回报；D. accompanied伴随。此处it指代上句的“Active happiness(积极的快乐)”以及根据“Amazingly, in your eyes, the grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the 　　9　　 of your friends are more understandable, and more forgivable. (令人惊奇的是，在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美;朋友的缺点更容易理解，也更容易原谅。)”可知，你会发现伴随积极的快乐而来的智慧是在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美；朋友的缺点更容易理解，也更容易原谅。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊奇的是，在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美；朋友的缺点更容易理解，也更容易原谅。A. brightness聪明，活泼；B. stupidity愚蠢，糊涂；C. shortcomings缺点；D. memories记忆。根据“your friends are more understandable(更容易理解)”可知，朋友的缺点更容易理解。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：快乐就像一副眼镜，可以矫正你的精神视力。A. physical身体的，肉体的；B. sharp锋利的；C. spiritual精神的，心灵的；D. solid坚硬的；固体的。根据“Amazingly, in your eyes, the grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the 　　9　　 of your friends are more understandable, and more forgivable. (令人惊奇的是，在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美；朋友的缺点更容易理解，也更容易原谅。)”可知，快乐让自己的精神更加的富足。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对快乐的洞察并不局限于你周围的事物。A. insights洞察力；B. impressions印象；C. attentions 注意；D. expectations期待。根据“of happiness(对于幸福)”可知，是对快乐的洞察力并不局限于周围的事物。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：高兴的时候，墙倒了。A. extended扩大，延长；B. collapsed倒塌；崩溃；C. witnessed目击，亲眼看到；D. withdrew收回。根据“Unhappy, with your thoughts focused on your emotional woes (痛苦) , your vision is cut short as though blocked by a wall.(当你不快乐时，你的思想集中在你的情感悲伤上，你的视野就像被一堵墙挡住了一样)”可知，你不快乐时，你的思想集中在你的情感悲伤上，视野就像被一堵墙挡住，当高兴的时候，墙倒了。故选B。 13．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你脚下的土地，你周围的世界——人、思想、情感、压力——现在都融入了一个更大的场景。A. got out离开，逃脱；B. stayed on继续从事某项工作；C. kept off远离，不接触；D. fitted into适应，融入。根据“Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer seems such a big deal.(你周围的一切，无论是令人鼓舞的还是令人沮丧的，都不再显得那么重要。)”可知，当周围的一切，都融入了一个更大的场景的时候，都不再显得那么重要。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每件事都有一个公平的比例。 A. proportion部分，份额；B. position位置；C. explanations解释；D. duty职责。根据“Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer seems such a big deal.(你周围的一切，无论是令人鼓舞的还是令人沮丧的，都不再显得那么重要。)”可知，你周围的一切，都不再显得那么重要，因为每件事都有一个公平的比例。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是智慧的开端。A. happiness快乐；B. wisdom智慧；C. ability能力；D. life生活。根据“Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer seems such a big deal.(你周围的一切，无论是令人鼓舞的还是令人沮丧的，都不再显得那么重要。)”可知，你周围的一切，都不再显得那么重要，因为每件事都有一个公平的比例。这就是智慧的开始。故选B。
【答案】 1．years 2．younger 3．on/about 4．to leave 5．until 6．was put 7．them 8．growth 9．especially 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了青少年想离开家的原因以及他们对离开家生活的态度。 1．考查可数名词单复数。句意：许多人断断续续地思考这个问题已经好几年了；有些人从12岁甚至更小的时候就梦想着独立。根据句意和所给可数名词year以及空格前的some可知，空格处应该填入year的复数形式years。故填years。 2．考查形容词比较级。句意：许多人断断续续地思考这个问题已经好几年了；有些人从12岁甚至更小的时候就梦想着独立。根据句意和空格前的even以及所给形容词young可知，空格处应该填入young的比较级形式younger（even的作用是修饰比较级）。故填younger。 3．考查介词。句意：最近，一项关于“年轻人的社会态度”的调查询问了英国青少年对离开家的看法。根据句意和空格前的名词view可知，空格处应该填入介词on或about（表示“关于……的观点”，名词view后应该用介词on或about）。故填on或about。 4．考查不定式。句意：12至15岁的青少年中，49%的人认为应该允许青少年在16岁时离开家；另有12%的人说17岁，8%的人说“当他们想要的时候”。根据句意和空格前的动词allow以及所给动词leave可知，空格处应该填入不定式to leave（be allowed to do something“被允许做某事”）。故填to leave。 5．考查连词。句意：只有23%的青少年认为他们应该住在家里直到18岁!根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个时间状语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连词引导时间状语从句，且意义为“直到”，所以应该用连词until。故填until。 6．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，青少年的梦想似乎与现实生活的经历相冲突；当把同样的问题问给18岁和19岁的年轻人时，几乎一半的人回答说，青少年在18岁之前不应该离开家。根据句意和所给动词put分析句子可知，空格处是when引导的时间状语从句的谓语部分，主语the same question和谓语动词put之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；由下文的replied可知，该从句应该用一般过去时；主语the same question是单数形式，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填was put。 7．考查代词。句意：然而，青少年的梦想似乎与现实生活的经历相冲突；当把同样的问题问给18岁和19岁的年轻人时，几乎一半的人回答说，青少年在18岁之前不应该离开家。根据句意和所给代词they以及空格前的介词of可知，空格处应该填入代词they的宾格形式them作介词of的宾语。故填them。 8．考查名词。句意：然而，离开家是青少年成长的一部分。根据句意和所给动词grow以及空格前的介词of可知，空格处应该填入grow的名词形式growth，作介词of的宾语。故填growth。 9．考查副词。句意：大多数人，尤其是年轻人，都很乐意稍后再回家；对一小部分人来说，离开家是一种彻底的休息。根据句意和所给形容词especial可知，空格处应该填入especial的副词形式especially作状语，强调空格后的内容。故填especially。 10．考查冠词。句意：大多数人，尤其是年轻人，都很乐意稍后再回家；对一小部分人来说，离开家是一种彻底的休息。根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词break可知，空格处应该填入一个不定冠词表示数量，因为空格后的definitive发音是辅音音素开头，所以应该用冠词a。故填a。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【8】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·广东·统考二模）
Languages are dying out all the time. Here are four languages that were once widely spoken but are now considered as “dead” languages.
Old Norse
Old Norse was spoken and written by the Vikings from about the 7th century. It was used in countries like Iceland and parts of Russia. The Vikings were famous for their attacks on neighbouring countries, and so Old Norse had an influence on the languages of the places they attacked, including English. For example, English words such as “egg, gift, anger, want, trust and score” come from Old Norse.
Middle English
Middle English was spoken in England between the 12th and 15th centuries and was very different from the English we use these days. In the past, England was highly influenced by Old Norse. So was its language. There are no manuscripts (手稿) in Middle English as it was much more fashionable to write in French. Middle English gave way to modern English. One example of the wide use of modern English was Shakespeare’s works.
Hunnir
Hunnir is the most mysterious of the languages on our list. The Huns were a community that spread across eastern Europe in the 4th and 5th centuries. Despite the Huns’ success in expanding their empire, their language was never written down. The few words that are known are mainly names-in modern Turkey and Mongolia. Apart from these, only three words are known; kamos, medos (types of drinks) and strava (a big meal).
Ancient Greek
More than 4,000 years ago, the Greeks spoke an advanced language known today as Ancient Greek, and developed the first alphabet. Indeed, the English word “alphabet” is taken from the first two letters of the Greek alphabet: alpha and beta. Although the language is no longer spoken anywhere, it continues to be studied by scholars around the world and is regarded as one of the most important languages of all time.
1．Which language was spoken by the Vikings
A．Old Norse. B．Middle English.
C．Ancient Greek. D．Hunnir.
2．Why did Middle English disappear
A．French was a popular written language then. B．Modern English replaced Middle English.
C．Shakespeare didn’t use Middle English. D．Middle English was influenced by Old Norse.
3．Which word comes from Ancient Greek
A．Want. B．Kamos. C．Strava. D．Alphabet.
B
（2023·山东·德州·校联考模拟预测）
Damon Carson calls himself a matchmaker (媒人) of the never-ending waste of American society, trying not to pair people with people, but things with people.
In the late 1990s, Carson was on break from business school in Vail, Colorado, when he discovered the vast world of waste. He began thinking about creating a secondhand store that would sell old materials and keep them out of being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his company, Repurposed Materials appeared.
For nearly ten years, his company, Repurposed Materials, has not been looking to recycle the waste he gets — breaking it down to make something new — but rather finding new homes for thrown-away goods in their original forms.
Carson, a husband and father of three adult children, is far from wasteful. Frugal is how he describes himself. The clothes he’s wearing all came from a charity shop; his truck was bought with 290, 000 kilometers driven.
“Why break something down, why melt something down, if it still has value ” he asks. An old oil-field pipe might be melted down and turned into a car bumper, but it still takes an amount of power to finish the complete change. Why not leave it as a steel pipe Why not turn it into a fence post on a farm The only cost is transport.
American industrial facilities create and throw about 7.6 billion tons of unwanted industrial materials every year. For the moment, Carson’s unique business finds new lives for millions of kilograms of industrial waste every year.
4．What is paragraph two mainly about
A．Carson’s school lessons.
B．Carson’s journey to Colorado.
C．The start of Carson’s business.
D．The serious waste of materials.
5．What is Repurposed Materials aimed at
A．Marketing wastes to people in need.
B．Breaking down the wasted goods.
C．Manufacturing industrial products.
D．Recycling the thrown-away stuffs.
6．How does Carson describe his life
A．Economical. B．Poetic. C．Tough. D．Risky.
7．What can we learn from Carson
A．Well began, half done.
B．Innovative thinking counts.
C．One is never too old to learn.
D．Hard work will pay back.
C
（2023·福建漳州·校考阶段）
Network-based technologies have become increasingly widespread, and they are now being used by countless individuals, professionals, and businesses worldwide. Despite their advantages, most network-based systems are highly at risk of malicious (恶意的) attacks.
The consequences of a malicious attack on network-based systems can be extremely harmful. For instance, an attack on a power plant network could leave millions of individuals and offices without electricity, while attacks on social media networks can lead to exposure of user information.
To overcome the weaknesses of network-based systems, computer scientists worldwide have been trying to develop advanced intrusion detection systems (IDSs) (入侵检测系统) that could help to identify malicious attacks, increasing a network’s safety. In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms (机器学习算法) have been found to be particularly promising for automatically detecting attacks and intrusions on a network’s functioning.
An important step in the development and training of ML-based IDSs is the selection of data features that a model can rely or focus on when making predictions. Ideally by analyzing large datasets, researchers should be able to identify the most suitable features for solving a given task using ML tools, and this can also be applied to intrusion detection.
Researchers at Canadian University Dubai in the UAE have recently developed a new feature selection method that could enable the development of more effective ML-based IDSs. This method was found to perform remarkably well when compared with other commonly employed feature selection techniques. Using the features they identified as most important for intrusion detection, the researchers created a highly efficient ML-based detection system. This system was found to be capable of distinguishing between DDoS attacks and harmless network signals with 99% accuracy.
In the future, the feature selection method developed by the researchers and their findings could help the development of new, highly effective IDSs. In addition, the system they created using the features they identified could be applied in real-world settings to detect malicious attacks on real networks.
8. What does paragraph 1 focus on about network-based technologies
A. Their targeted users. B. Their popularity.
C. Their potential risk. D. Their advantages.
9. How can IDSs increase the safety of networks
A. By tracking malicious attacks.
B. By starting anti-virus programs.
C. By sorting out user information.
D. By recognizing malicious attacks.
10. What is the key to the development of ML-based IDSs
A. Solving given tasks. B. Selecting reliable data features.
C. Making accurate predictions. D. Analyzing large enough datasets.
11. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To introduce a new technique for IDSs.
B. To promote network-based technologies.
C. To raise people’s awareness of network safety.
D. To discuss ways to deal with malicious attacks.
D
（2023·浙江·高三校联考开学考试）
In recent years, China has witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands. In this market, Chinese consumers are now the largest spenders. It’s clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self-image.
I am a fashionist too, at least in spirit—I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don’t understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels.
When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that’s a scary thing.
What’s interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn’t lead to happiness.
Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don’t suddenly become “happy” people. In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. That’s because experiences are more easily combined with a person’s identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me.
Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.
It’s natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn’t tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style. You don’t have to break the bank to send a message about who you are.
Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.
12．What can we infer from the first three paragraphs
A．The author enjoys buying luxury brands herself.
B．The author agrees to spend money on material things.
C．The author is critical of youths tying their looks to designer labels.
D．The author finds it natural for fashionists to follow fashion trends.
13．Leaf Van Boven’s studies showed that ________.
A．traveling changes a person’s identity greatly
B．people dislike those who love luxuries
C．experiences can bring people more happiness than luxuries
D．luxuries have a negative effect on people’s happiness
14．What is the author’s advice on expressing oneself
A．Be selective about designer labels.
B．Create your own personal unique style.
C．Choose styles that are simple and comfortable.
D．Try styles like Mark Zuckerberg’s.
15．The main purpose of the article is to ______.
A．persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuries
B．prove how luxury leads to an unpleasant life
C．tell how to express yourself through appearances
D．report on a series of studies about luxuries and happiness
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·浙江·强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）
Some people measure success by the wealth they’ve accumulated, or the status they’ve achieved. Yet, even though they’ve reached success beyond their wildest dreams, they still feel something is missing from their life. Their soul may be searching for something more. 16
Although everyone is different, there are common threads that bind a life with purpose.
Live by your beliefs and values.
People who live a life of purpose have core beliefs and values that influence their decisions, shape their daily actions, and determine their priorities. They place significant value on being a person of virtue. 17 And they spend more time listening to their inner voice than being influenced by others.
Follow your passion.
People who live a life of purpose wake up each morning eager to face the new day. They pursue their dreams with enthusiasm, put their heart into everything they do, and feel that they’re personally making a difference. As James Dean once said, “ 18 ”
Feel content.
People who live a life of purpose have an inner peace. They’re satisfied with what they have and who they are. 19 As the saying goes, “The real measure of your wealth is how much you’d be worth if you lost all your money.”
20
People who live a life of purpose have a positive impact on someone else’s life. They are willing to help people in need and make their life better and happier. They gain as much satisfaction witnessing the success of others as witnessing their own.
Without purpose, it’s easy to wander aimlessly through life instead of following your North Star. Without purpose, it’s easy to achieve remarkable success and still feel that life is passing you by.
A．Make a difference.
B．It’s the purpose of life.
C．Put others before yourself.
D．So they live with certain moral principles.
E．The secret of success is constancy to purpose.
F．Dream as if you’ll live forever and live as if you’ll die today.
G．To them, the grass is greener on their own side of the fence.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·山东·高三校联考阶段练习）
In a village in Malawi, Africa, people faced constant drought and poverty. A young boy named William Kamkwamba had a dream of bringing 1 to his village.
When famine (饥荒) came, William had to 2 school to help with farming. However, he kept reading books for the wonders of 3 and the endless possibilities it offered. 4 by his teacher’s bicycle flashlight, he decided to build a large windmill (风车) to 5 the battery, and then use a water pump to water the land so as to 6 solve the famine.
After many difficult conversations, his father finally chose to 7 his son and handed over the only broken 8 to him. William used the wheels and also 9 the local junkyard for some 10 parts. He worked really hard every day. Due to 11 education and resources, it was a 12 challenge to turn bits of old materials into a working machine.
After countless 13 and failures, the boy’s windmill finally started 14 . Weeping with joy, the boy and his father hugged tightly. This is the story of “The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind,” a story of hope, strength, and the strong spirit of a young boy who changed people’s lives with the power of 15 .
1．A．wind B．water C．fortune D．chance
2．A．quit B．ignore C．attend D．enjoy
3．A．art B．history C．magic D．science
4．A．Amused B．Confused C．Inspired D．Annoyed
5．A．enhance B．charge C．preserve D．repair
6．A．barely B．hardly C．frequently D．completely
7．A．abandon B．support C．forgive D．distrust
8．A．bicycle B．radio C．car D．flashlight
9．A．bought B．exchanged C．searched D．skipped
10．A．old B．different C．unique D．spare
11．A．acquired B．limited C．adequate D．potential
12．A．complex B．simple C．financial D．tough
13．A．attempts B．successes C．discoveries D．achievements
14．A．floating B．sailing C．turning D．spreading
15．A．awareness B．fantasy C．harmony D．knowledge
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·吉林白山·统考一模）
A small device, Moxie, has produced oxygen on the surface of Mars, 1 (bring) the chances of surviving on the red planet a step closer. Research published in 2 journal Science Advances reported that Moxie produced breathable oxygen in seven-hour-long tests conducted in various weather and atmospheric conditions last year. The research also found that even in 3 (extreme) harsh weather conditions like a Martian dust storm, Moxie 4 (continue) to produce high purity oxygen.
“This is the first demonstration of actually using 5 (resource) on the surface of Mars and transforming them chemically into something useful for a human mission,” Jeffrey Hoffman, a retired astronaut, said.
“The thin atmosphere on Mars is 96 percent carbon dioxide and much more 6 (change)than on Earth and the temperature can vary by 100 degrees, ” Hoffman said. “One aim is 7 (show) we can run Moxie in all seasons.”
The device, Moxie, uses some special pumps, 8 take in carbon dioxide. The gas 9 (heat) to 800°C and pressed to separate the carbon and oxygen. Carbon monoxide is sent out as waste while the pure oxygen is left behind.
Despite the challenges, Moxie has proved durable in the extreme conditions on Mars and scientists regard the test results 10 a great achievement.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种曾经广泛使用但现在被视为死亡的语言——古诺尔斯语、中古英语、匈牙利语和古希腊语。 1．细节理解题。根据Old Norse的“Old Norse was spoken and written by the Vikings from about the 7th century. (古斯堪的纳维亚语大约从7世纪开始由维京人使用。)”可知，维京人说的语言是古斯堪的纳维亚语。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Middle English的“Middle English gave way to modern English. (中世纪英语让位给现代英语。) ”可知，中古英语的消失是因为现代英语取代了中世纪英语。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据Ancient Greek的“More than 4,000 years ago, the Greeks spoke an advanced language known today as Ancient Greek, and developed the first alphabet. Indeed, the English word “alphabet” is taken from the first two letters of the Greek alphabet: alpha and beta. (4000多年前，希腊人说一种先进的语言，今天被称为古希腊语，并开发了第一个字母表。事实上，英语单词alphabet就是取自希腊字母表的前两个单词alpha和beta。)”可知，单词Alphabet来自古希腊语。故选D。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，·文章讲述了达蒙卡森经营公司，为一些被废弃的垃圾寻找新的归宿，不需再次浪费能源回收，保护环境的故事。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In the late 1990s, Carson was on break from business school in Vail, Colorado, when he discovered the vast world of waste. He began thinking about creating a secondhand store that would sell old materials and keep them out of being wasted. As a result, in 2010, his company, Repurposed Materials appeared.(上世纪90年代末，Colorado在科罗拉多州韦尔的商学院休学期间，发现了这个巨大的废物世界。他开始考虑开一家二手店，出售旧材料，防止它们被浪费。结果，在2010年，他的公司Repurposed Materials出现了)”可知，本段主要讲述Carson的生意是如何创办的，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段“For nearly ten years, his company, Repurposed Materials, has not been looking to recycle the waste he gets — breaking it down to make something new — but rather finding new homes for thrown-away goods in their original forms.(近十年来，他的公司Repurposed Materials并没有寻求回收他得到的垃圾——将其分解成新的东西——而是为那些被丢弃的物品以原本的样子寻找新的归宿)”可知，Repurposed Materials的目标是将废品卖给有需要的人，故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Frugal is how he describes himself.(节俭是他对自己的描述)”可知，Carson用节俭描述自己的生活，故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段“For nearly ten years, his company, Repurposed Materials, has not been looking to recycle the waste he gets — breaking it down to make something new — but rather finding new homes for thrown-away goods in their original forms.(近十年来，他的公司Repurposed Materials并没有寻求回收他得到的垃圾——将其分解成新的东西——而是为那些被丢弃的物品以原本的样子寻找新的归宿)”和最后一段中“For the moment, Carson’s unique business finds new lives for millions of kilograms of industrial waste every year.(目前，Carson的独特业务每年为数百万公斤的工业废物找到新的生命)”可知，Carson的公司并没有将回收的垃圾分解成新的东西，而是为那些被丢弃的物品以原本的样子寻找新的归宿，这项独特业务每年为数百万公斤的工业废物找到新的生命，由此可推知“创新思维很重要”，故选B。
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了IDSs (入侵检测系统)相关技术和发展。 8. 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Despite their advantages, most network-based systems are highly at risk of malicious (恶意的) attacks. (尽管它们具有优势，但大多数基于网络的系统都很容易受到恶意攻击。)”可知，本段主要想要指出系统都很容易受到恶意攻击，即具有潜在的风险。故选C项。 9. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“To overcome the weaknesses of network-based systems, computer scientists worldwide have been trying to develop advanced intrusion detection systems (IDSs) (入侵检测系统) that could help to identify malicious attacks, increasing a network’s safety. (为了克服基于网络的系统的弱点，世界各地的计算机科学家一直在努力开发先进的入侵检测系统（IDS），该系统可以帮助识别恶意攻击，提高网络的安全性。)”可知，该系统能够识别恶意攻击，提高安全性。故选D项。 10. 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“An important step in the development and training of ML-based IDSs is the selection of data features that a model can rely or focus on when making predictions. (开发和训练基于ML的IDS的一个重要步骤是选择模型在进行预测时可以依赖或关注的数据特征。)”可知，选择可依赖的数据特征是该系统的重要核心步骤。故选B项。 11. 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“To overcome the weaknesses of network-based systems, computer scientists worldwide have been trying to develop advanced intrusion detection systems (IDSs) (入侵检测系统) that could help to identify malicious attacks, increasing a network’s safety. (为了克服基于网络的系统的弱点，世界各地的计算机科学家一直在努力开发先进的入侵检测系统（IDS），该系统可以帮助识别恶意攻击，提高网络的安全性。)”可知，本文主要为了介绍IDSs (入侵检测系统)。故选A项。
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章主要介绍了青年人越来越依赖奢侈品来提升个人形象。这是很可怕的事情。我们应该出去旅行，去世界各地看一看，多体验多经历，自信来自于眼界。 12．推理判断题。根据前三段的内容，以及When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that’s a scary thing.可知，青年人越来越依赖奢侈品来提升个人形象。这是很可怕的事情，说明作者在批评这些年轻人，故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第五段中In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things.可知，Leaf Van Boven研究表明旅行和类似经历比奢侈品更能给人带来更多快乐。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中It’s natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn’t tied to a designer label. These people, successful people, have style.可知，作者建议我们创造独特唯一的风格。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things可知，作者的写作目的是通过Leaf Van Boven研究劝告公众不要依赖奢侈品而要通过经历来提升个人形象。故选A。 【点睛】4. 解题剖析：此题属于推理判断题中的（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）常见于广告类的文章。3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。高考阅读试题设计到各类文章，而以议论文为主，文章的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场；阅读理解中也有说明文、描述文。前者因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。而后者因为其文章观点往往不直接提出，而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以，阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。 答案需要从文章Leaf Van Boven研究劝告公众不要依赖奢侈品而要通过经历来提升个人形象。进行推断。 答案定位：根据文章Leaf Van Boven研究结果可知，文章劝告公众不要依赖奢侈品而要通过经历来提升个人形象。 推理关系：题干The main purpose of the article is to. 文章内容has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things 答案：spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. A选项persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuries
【答案】16．B 17．D 18．F 19．G 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍如何成为一个生活有目标的人，使人生更有意义。 16．上文“Some people measure success by the wealth they’ve accumulated, or the status they’ve achieved. Yet, even though they’ve reached success beyond their wildest dreams, they still feel something is missing from their life. Their soul may be searching for something more.(有些人以积累的财富或取得的地位来衡量成功。然而，即使他们已经取得了超乎想象的成功，他们仍然觉得生活中缺少了一些东西。他们的灵魂可能在寻找更多的东西。)”指出，以积累的财富或取得的地位来衡量人的成功，即使取得了超乎想象的成功，他们的灵魂可能在寻找更多的东西；由下文“Although everyone is different, there are common threads that bind a life with purpose.(尽管每个人都是不同的，但有一些共同的线索是将生活与目标联系在一起。)”可知，作者认为成功应该将生活与目标联系在一起；由此可知，B选项“It’s the purpose of life.(它就是生活的目的性。)”说明即使以积累的财富或取得的地位来衡量成功人取得成功，他们的灵魂可能在寻找更多的东西，这就是生活的目的性，符合语境，选项中的“It”指代上文中的“something more”。故选B。 17．上文“People who live a life of purpose have core beliefs and values that influence their decisions, shape their daily actions, and determine their priorities. They place significant value on being a person of virtue.(过着有目标的生活的人有核心信念和价值观，这些信念和价值观会影响他们的决定，塑造他们的日常行动，并决定他们的优先事项。他们非常重视做一个有美德的人。)”指出，过一种有目标的生活、能坚守自己价值和信念的人非常重视做一个有美德的人；D选项“So they live with certain moral principles.(所以他们有一定的道德准则。)”与上文构成因果关系，说明做一个有美德的人有一定的道德准则，符合语境；选项中的“they”与上文“They”所指代的人一致。故选D。 18．由小标题“Follow your passion.(追随你的热情。)”以及上文“People who live a life of purpose wake up each morning eager to face the new day. They pursue their dreams with enthusiasm, put their heart into everything they do, and feel that they’re personally making a difference. As James Dean once said, (生活有目标的人每天早上醒来都渴望面对新的一天。他们热情地追求自己的梦想，全身心地投入到他们所做的每一件事中，并且觉得他们个人正在做出改变。)”可知，作者认为应该追随自己的梦想，并引用James Dean的话来印证自己的观点；F选项“Dream as if you’ll live forever and live as if you’ll die today.(像你永远活着那样去追求梦想，也像今天即将死去那样用力活着。)”符合语境，选项中的“Dream as if you’ll live forever”与小标题“Follow your passion”以及上文中的“pursue their dreams with enthusiasm”表达意义一致。故选F。 19．上文“People who live a life of purpose have an inner peace. They’re satisfied with what they have and who they are.(生活有目标的人内心平静。他们对自己所拥有的和自己是谁感到满意。)”指出生活有目标的人内心平静，对自己现状很满足；G选项“To them, the grass is greener on their own side of the fence.(对他们来说，自家那边的草更绿。)”说明感到满足的人觉得自己所拥有的就很好，符合语境；选项中的“them”指代上文“They”，即内心平静、对自己所拥有的和自己是谁感到满意的人。故选G。 20．文章结构分析可知，设空处为小标题；由下文“People who live a life of purpose have a positive impact on someone else’s life. They are willing to help people in need and make their life better and happier. They gain as much satisfaction witnessing the success of others as witnessing their own.(有目标的人会对别人的生活产生积极的影响。他们愿意帮助有需要的人，使他们的生活更好、更快乐。他们看到别人的成功和看到自己的成功获得的满足感是一样多的。)”可知本段主要阐述要做一个对别人生活产生积极影响的人；A选项“Make a difference.(带来改变/影响)”符合本段主旨，适合作为小标题，选项与下文“have a positive impact on someone else’s life”表达内容一致。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在非洲马拉维的一个村庄，一个名叫William Kamkwamba的男孩用自己所学到的科学知识，为村里发明了可以给土地浇水的装置，从而彻底解决饥荒的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个名叫William Kamkwamba的小男孩梦想着把水带到他的村庄。A. wind风；B. water水；C. fortune运气；D. chance机会。根据上文“In a village in Malawi, Africa, people faced constant drought and poverty.(在非洲马拉维的一个村庄，人们面临着持续的干旱和贫困)”可知，村庄面临干旱，男孩梦想着把水带到他的村庄。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当饥荒来临时，William不得不退学去帮忙种地。A. quit停止；B. ignore忽视；C. attend参加；D. enjoy欣赏。根据后文“school to help with farming”可知，饥荒来临时，William不得不退学去帮忙种地。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他为了科学的奇迹和它提供的无限可能性而继续读书。A. art艺术；B. history历史；C. magic魔法；D. science科学。根据后文William利用科学解决了村里的饥荒问题，可知是科学的奇迹。故选D。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到老师自行车手电筒的启发，他决定建造一个大型风车给电池充电，然后用水泵给土地浇水，从而彻底解决饥荒。A. Amused被逗乐的；B. Confused困惑的；C. Inspired受鼓舞的；D. Annoyed生气的。根据后文“by his teacher’s bicycle flashlight”可知，他的灵感来自于自行车手电筒，即收到自行车手电筒的启发。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到老师自行车手电筒的启发，他决定建造一个大型风车给电池充电，然后用水泵给土地浇水，从而彻底解决饥荒。A. enhance增强；B. charge负责，充电；C. preserve保护；D. repair修理。根据后文“the battery, and then use a water pump to water”可知，风车给电池充电，然后用水泵给土地浇水，故选B。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：受到老师自行车手电筒的启发，他决定建造一个大型风车给电池充电，然后用水泵给土地浇水，从而彻底解决饥荒。A. barely几乎不；B. hardly几乎不；C. frequently频繁地；D. completely彻底地，完全地。根据上文“a water pump to water the land so as to”可知，有了水泵给土地浇水，就可以彻底解决饥荒。故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几经周折，父亲最终还是选择了支持儿子，把唯一一辆坏掉的自行车交给了他。A. abandon抛弃；B. support支持；C. forgive原谅；D. distrust不信任。根据后文“handed over the only broken”父亲把自行车给了儿子，说明支持儿子。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几经周折，父亲最终还是选择了支持儿子，把唯一一辆坏掉的自行车交给了他。A. bicycle自行车；B. radio电台；C. car汽车；D. flashlight闪光灯。根据上文“by his teacher’s bicycle flashlight”可知，William需要自行车才能进行自己的发明，故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：William使用了车轮，还在当地的垃圾场寻找了一些备件。A. bought购买；B. exchanged交换；C. searched搜索；D. skipped跳跃。根据后文“the local junkyard”指William搜索垃圾场寻找需要的零件。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：William使用了车轮，还在当地的垃圾场寻找了一些备件。A. old老的；B. different不同的；C. unique独特的；D. spare备用的。根据后文“parts”可知，有了自行车，William还需要其他的一些备件才能完成自己的发明。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于教育和资源有限，把一些旧材料改造成能工作的机器是一项艰巨的挑战。A. acquired后天的；B. limited有限的；C. adequate足够的；D. potential潜在的。后文“challenge to turn bits of old materials into a working machine”提到把一些旧材料改造成能工作的机器是一项艰巨的挑战，是因为教育和资源有限，故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于教育和资源有限，把一些旧材料改造成能工作的机器是一项艰巨的挑战。A. complex复杂的；B. simple简单的；C. financial经济的；D. tough艰难的。上文提到教育和资源有限，所以把一些旧材料改造成能工作的机器是一项艰巨的挑战。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过无数次的尝试和失败，这个男孩的风车终于开始转动了。A. attempts尝试；B. successes成功；C. discoveries发现；D. achievements成就。根据后文“and failures”指男孩经过无数次的尝试和失败。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过无数次的尝试和失败，这个男孩的风车终于开始转动了。A. floating漂浮；B. sailing航行；C. turning转弯，转动；D. spreading传播。根据后文“Weeping with joy, the boy and his father hugged tightly.(男孩和父亲紧紧地拥抱在一起，喜极而泣)”可知，这个男孩的风车终于开始转动了，男孩和父亲都很高兴。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个关于“驾驭风的男孩”的故事，一个关于希望、力量和一个小男孩的坚强精神的故事，他用知识的力量改变了人们的生活。A. awareness意识；B. fantasy幻想；C. harmony和谐；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“education and resources”可知，男孩借助知识的力量改变了人们的生活。故选D。
【答案】1．bringing 2．the 3．extremely 4．continued 5．resources 6．changeable 7．to show 8．which 9．is heated 10．as 【解析】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以在火星表面制造氧气的设备Moxie。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一种名为Moxie的小型设备在火星表面产生了氧气，使人类在这颗红色星球上生存的机会更近了一步。根据句中谓语“has produced”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，与“A small device”之间为主动关系，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词。故填bringing。 2．考查冠词。句意：发表在《科学进展》杂志上的研究报告称，去年在各种天气和大气条件下进行的长达7小时的测试中，Moxie产生了可呼吸的氧气。分析句子可知，空处应为冠词，修饰名词“journal”，特指《科学发展》杂志，故应用定冠词the。故填the。 3．考查副词。句意：研究还发现，即使在火星沙尘暴等极端恶劣的天气条件下，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，修饰形容词“harsh”，作状语；extremely为副词，意为“极端地、极度地”，符合句意。故填extremely。 4．考查动词时态。句意：研究还发现，即使在火星沙尘暴等极端恶劣的天气条件下，Moxie也能继续产生高纯度的氧气。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据“found”和句意可知，应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；continue为动词，意为“继续”。故填continued。 5．考查名词复数。句意：这是第一次真正利用火星表面的资源，并将其化学转化为对人类任务有用的东西。根据动词“using”可知，空处应用名词，作宾语；resource表示“资源”，为可数名词，故应用复数形式。故填resources。 6．考查形容词。句意：火星上稀薄的大气96%是二氧化碳，比地球上更易变化，温度可以变化100度。根据“is... and much more...than”可知，空处应为形容词原级，作表语；changeable为形容词，意为“易变的、可变化的”，符合句意。故填changeable。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个目标就是向大家展示我们可以在任何季节都能运行Moxie。根据句中谓语动词“is”可知，空处应用非谓语动词，作表语；主语是“aim”，一般用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。故填to show。 8．考查定语从句关系词。句意：这种名为Moxie的设备使用一些特殊的泵来吸收二氧化碳。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“some special pumps”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 9．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：将气体加热到800°C，并加压以分离碳和氧。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词，根据上一句的“uses”和下一句的“is sent out”及句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；heat可作动词，意为“加热”，与主语“The gas”之间应为被动关系，表示“气体被加热”，故应用被动语态，且谓语为单数。故填is heated。 10．考查介词。句意：尽管面临挑战，但Moxie在火星的极端条件下证明了它的耐用性，科学家们认为测试结果是一项伟大的成就。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“a great achievement”；动词短语regard...as...意为“把……视为……”，符合句意。故填as。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【9】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·浙江杭州·浙江省杭州第二中学校考模拟预测)
Official Ticketing Service
Welcome to the official Louvre online sales site The Musée du Louvre is reopening and we are glad to be able to welcome you back again. In line with the measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19, visitors will be required to wear a mask. According to government recommendations, all visitors to the Louvre aged 12 years and two months or older must show a Health Pass. All visitors, including those entitled to free admission, must book a time period. Please accept our apologies for the inconvenience.
Individual tickets for the Museum Admission and reservation of a time period to access the permanent collections. Tickets valid for the selected date only. Full list of visitors entitled to free admission at Louvre. fr. General admission: ?18
The Musée du Louvre is open every day — except Tuesdays, January 1, May 1 and December 25— from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm. Visitors will be asked to leave the exhibition rooms 30 minutes before closure. All tickets purchased online are time-stamped and nominative (记名的); you may therefore be asked to provide proof of identity. They are only valid for the service, date and time selected. They cannot be used to skip the queue but do guarantee access to the museum within half an hour of the time shown on the ticket. Any holder of an online ticket who does not arrive within the assigned time period for admission to the museum shall be subject to the same admission and waiting conditions as visitors without tickets.
Visitors entitled to free admission (other than Louvre members)—Under 18s, proof of ID required —16-25 year-old residents of the European Economic Area (European Union, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein), proof of ID and residency required Professionals —Teachers working in France, valid “Pass Education” required —Teachers of art, art history or the applied arts, valid proof of employment stating subject taught required —Artists with the Maison des Artistes or International Association of Art, valid proof required Other —Jobseekers, valid proof and ID required (dated within the last year or indicating a period of validity) —Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them
1. This passage mainly aims at ________.
A. introducing the exhibits at the Louvre B. providing ticketing information of the Louvre
C. listing restrictions on admission to the Louvre D. clarifying the history of the Louvre
2. If a family in Norway, including the wife, an art teacher, the husband, an IT engineer, and a 10-year-old son, want to visit the Louvre this weekend, they should pay at least ________ in all.
A. ?18 B. ?36 C. ?45 D. ?54
3. What can be learned about the Louvre from the passage
A. It is open every day except on Tuesdays.
B. Its online tickets guarantee access to it at any time.
C. Proof of ID is required for anyone buying its tickets online.
D. Ticket holders may be refused to enter it if arriving an hour late.
B
(2023·福建福州·高三福建省福州第一中学校考开学考试)
“Can we eat this one, Dad ” my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.
Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.
It’s not all easy—but sometimes that’s the point. Alicia practices the violin every day, and although she enjoys it, even 15 minutes of practice can upset her. The trick, I’ve found, is to let her watch me try to get better at something, too. I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.
4. What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”
A. It is rewarding to learn new skills. B. Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C. He will explore more with his daughter. D. His daughter will accompany him forever.
5. Why does the father start learning to play the piano
A. To prove it is never too old to learn. B. To set a good example for his daughter.
C. To experience the joy of piano practice. D. To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
6. Which of the following can best describe the father
A. Rigid and humorous. B. Cautious and inspiring.
C. Creative and thoughtful. D. Ambitious and patient.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. The Thrill of the Skill B. Practice Makes Perfect
C. Like Father, Like Daughter D. The Power of Knowledge
C
（2024·湖南·名校大联考英语试题）
PFAS are found in nonstick pans, water-proof fabrics and food packaging. They're called forever chemicals because of their ability to stick around and not break down. Now, using a bit of heat and two relatively common compounds, researchers have degraded(降解) the chemical in the lab.
While some scientists have found relatively simple ways of breaking down select PFAS,most degradation methods require harsh processes using intense pressure—in some cases over 22 mega-pascals—or extremely high temperatures—sometimes upwards of 1,000℃ —to break the chemical bonds.
William Dichtel, from Northwestern University in Evanston, and his team experimented with two substances found in nearly every chemistry lab; sodium hydroxide(氢氧化钠),also known as lye, and a solvent(溶剂)called DMSO. The team worked specifically on a group of forever chemicals which contain a large percentage of PFAS.
When the team combined chemicals with the lye and DMSO at 120℃ and with no extra pressure needed, the carbolic acid(羧酸)fell off the chemicals and became carbon dioxide."What happened next was unexpected," Dichtel said. The loss of the acid helped degrade the chemicals into fluoride ions(氟离子)and smaller carbon-containing products, leaving behind no harmful by-products.
"It's a neat method; it's different from others that have been tried," says Chris Sales, an environmental engineer at Drexel University in Philadelphia who was not involved in the study."The biggest question is how this could be adapted and scaled up. Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals," Sales said.
This process wouldn't work to deal with PFAS in the environment, because it requires a concentrated amount of the chemicals, but it could one day be used in wastewater treatment plants, where the pollutants could be filtered out of the water, concentrated and then broken down.
8. What can we learn about the previous ways to break down PFAS
A. They're eco-friendly. B. They've been widely used.
C. They're difficult to operate. D. They're regarded as useless.
9. What did the team do in their experiment
A. They experimented with different solvents.
B. They tried two very common substances.
C. They tested every group of forever chemicals,
D. They exposed chemicals to extreme temperatures.
10.What made the researchers most surprised in their experiment
A. Environmentally-friendly reactions occurred.
B. The carboxylic acid became carbon dioxide.
C. No extra pressure was needed for the trial.
D. The lye and DMSO could work at 120℃,
11. What can we infer from Chris Sales' words
A. It is difficult to deal with PFAS in the environment.
B. This mechanism will soon be used in the environment.
C. The method will be applied to different kinds of chemicals.
D More research is needed before the method is widely used.
D
（2023·辽宁沈阳·高三校联考一模）
What may well be the oldest metal coins in the world have been identified at an ancient abandoned city known as Guanzhuang in China. Like many Bronze Age (青铜时代) coins from the region, they were cast in the shape of spades (铲) with finely carved handles. These ancient coins existed during an in-between period between barter (以物易物) and money, when coins were a novel concept, but everybody knew that agricultural tools were valuable.
Reading about this incredible discovery, I kept thinking about the way modern people represent computer networks by describing machines as having “addresses”, like a house. We also talk about one computer using a “port” to send information to another computer, as if the data were a floating boat with destination. It’s as if we are in the Bronze Age of information technology, grasping desperately for real-world reference to transform our civilization.
Now consider what happened to spade coins. Over centuries. metalworkers made these coins into more abstract shapes. Some became almost human figures. Others’ handles were reduced to small half-circles. As spade coins grew more abstract. people carved them with number values and the locations where they were made. They became more like modern coins, flat and covered in writing. Looking at one of these later pieces, you would have no idea that they were once intended to look like a spade.
This makes me wonder if we will develop an entirely new set of symbols that allow us to interact with our digital information more smoothly.
Taking spade coins as our guide, we can guess that far-future computer networks will no longer contain any recognizable references to houses. But they still might bring some of the ideas we associate with home to our mind. In fact, computer networks — if they still exist at all — are likely to be almost the indispensable part of our houses and cities, their sensors inset (嵌入) with walls and roads. Our network addresses might actually be the same as our street addresses. If climate change leads to floods, our mobile devices might look more like boats than phones, assisting us to land.
My point is that the metaphors (比喻) of the information age aren’t random. Mobile devices do offer us comfort after a long day at work. In some sense, our desire to settle on the shores of data lakes could change the way we understand home, as well as how we build computers. So as we cast our minds forward, we have to think about what new abstractions will go along with our information technology. Perhaps the one thing we count on is that humans will still appreciate the comforts of home.
12．Why were many Bronze Age coins made into the shape of a spade
A．These coins also served as agricultural tools.
B．This stylish design made the coins valuable.
C．A lot of emphasis was put on agriculture.
D．The handles made the coins easily exchanged.
13．Why does the author relate computers to spade coins
A．To show they both used to be new concepts when first invented.
B．To highlight their same importance in our civilizational transformation.
C．To suggest computers will experience dramatic changes as coins did.
D．To explain abstract digital worlds are different from concrete coins.
14．What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Flexible. B．Wasteful. C．Essential. D．Alternative.
15．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．How Agriculture Loses to Digital Industry
B．What Coins and Computers Bring Us
C．What Bronze Age and Information Age Have In Common
D．What Ancient Money Tells Us About the Future Digital World
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测)
Across Asia many people have just witnessed the natural wonder that is a total solar eclipse. 16
This week’s total eclipse could be seen in eastern India before slowly moving across Burma, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Japan, and the Pacific Ocean. Yesterday, when it reached eastern China, people flocked (聚集) into the streets to witness the astronomical wonder.
As daylight disappeared and the sky quickly darkened. 17 Cities such as Shanghai were plunged into (陷入) darkness during what is thought to be the longest total eclipse of the 21st century. It lasted 6 minutes and 39 seconds.
Total solar eclipses of such a long duration are very rare events. 18 Shao Zhenyi, an astronomer at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in China explained: “We’ll have to wait a few hundred years for another opportunity to observe a solar eclipse that lasts this long so it’s a very special opportunity. ‘‘
But while millions celebrate this phenomenon, it should be remembered that total eclipses have not always been such treasured events. Many cultures traditionally believed that a total eclipse was a bad omen (凶兆) or a supernatural event. 19 Others believed that the eclipse signified oncoming disasters. Nowadays it appears that these fears and superstitions (迷信) are long forgotten. As daylight once again flooded Asian cities such as Shanghai, whoops and cheers could be heard among the gathered crowds.
Reflecting on what had just happened, one Shanghai resident described the eclipse as “eerie” (怪诞的，奇异的), while another said “It’s like magic, the day turns into night in such a short period of time. I have no idea where I am right now. 20
A. It feels like a different world.
B. They happen but once in a lifetime.
C. Those watching were left far from disappointed.
D. Some believed that evil gods were eating the Sun.
E. People were frightened by the sudden darkness.
F. Some people thought it was a natural wonder.
G. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Sun, Moon and Earth line up in such a way that our view of the Sun is totally hidden by the Moon.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河南省洛阳市等三地名校高三上学期开学联考）
Starting a career in engineering can be challenging. You know what you 1 : experience, a network, and often the confidence that everything will 2 .
My advice to young engineers is: Focus on your 3 , and stop worrying about your weaknesses. Of course, you must 4 problems in areas where you are weak, but 5 spending too much effort on them. Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas, so it makes no 6 in wasting your energy.
Of course, there will be times when things are hard, but if you believe in yourself and have a 7 of where you want to go and develop your strengths——they’ll 8 you apart, you will go far.
The biggest challenge I have faced in my career is being a woman in a 9 profession. When I started working, I was the only female engineer in my division. Though I was as 10 as my colleagues, it was tough to get them to accept me as their 11 . Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. 12 , they accepted me.
Thankfully, the gender 13 has improved since I first started. Now, I have several female engineers working in my team. As the head, I get a thrill from 14 people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results. Helping a person 15 by focusing on her strengths gives me a huge amount of satisfaction.
1．A．approve B．lack C．envy D．face
2．A．bring out B．put out C．work out D．leave out
3．A．strengths B．hobbies C．routines D．priorities
4．A．expand B．identify C．observe D．address
5．A．avoid B．ignore C．practise D．escape
6．A．compromise B．excuse C．mistake D．sense
7．A．practice B．luck C．review D．vision
8．A．keep B．take C．set D．tell
9．A．narrow-minded B．male-dominated C．old-fashioned D．female-centred
10．A．stubborn B．humorous C．capable D．realistic
11．A．equal B．opponent C．contemporary D．friend
12．A．Occasionally B．Originally C．Frequently D．Eventually
13．A．characteristic B．role C．balance D．preference
14．A．placing B．inspiring C．concerning D．updating
15．A．explore B．develop C．compete D．qualify
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·浙江省七彩阳光联盟、金丽衢十二校高三试题）
Ronni Abergel of Copenhagen has always been curious 1 the lives of other people. In 2000, with his brother and friends, he launched the Human Library, 2 (fill) it with “human books” — volunteers recruited from often-stigmatized backgrounds (for example, they may have been labeled as homeless, ADHD, Muslim, or obese). “I wanted to create a safe place 3 it was okay to ask other people questions,” Abergel says.
The first Human Library 4 (hold) at a music festival, and the concept caught on. More than 85 countries now have human libraries, often in actual libraries. People can browse the catalogue and check out a “human book” for 30 minutes. “It’s 5 chance to see what it’s like to walk in their shoes, and to dispel fear,” says Abergel, adding that the organization trains applicants 6 (ensure) they’ll be open-minded and genuine.
In 2020, the Human Library went online for the first time. Weekly virtual sessions are available and are 7 (typical) fully booked with participants from around the world. Abergel says it takes a special kind of person to volunteer as a human book, opening 8 (they) up to whatever is asked. 9 has rewards, too. “This forum allows them to explain themselves,” says Abergel. “Who doesn’t want to be understood if for most of your life you 10 (misunderstand) ”
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【导语】本篇文章是一篇应用文。文章介绍了卢浮宫网上的票务信息以及注意事项。 1. 主旨大意题。根据标题“OfficialTicketing Service”（官方门票服务）可知，下文主要讲的是关于卢浮宫的 门票信息，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据问题可知是在问价格方面的，所以在文章中找相关价格的。根据“Generaladmission:?18” （一般价格是18欧元）以及“Visitorsentitled to free admission (other than Louvre members)”（有权免费入场的 拜访者）包括的“Under18s,proofofIDrequired”（18 岁以下，需要提供身份证明）还有“—Teachersofart,art history or the applied arts, valid proof of employment stating subject taught required”（艺术、艺术老师或者是应 用艺术，提供有效的就业证明。），题目中包含的有“IfafamilyinNorway,includingthewife, anartteacher,the husband, an IT engineer, and a 10-year-old son”（如果在挪威的家庭，包括作为艺术教师的妻子，作为IT工程 师的丈夫还有一个10岁的儿子）可知，妻子和儿子是免费的，丈夫是需要支付一般费用的，所以至少需要 18 欧元，故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据“Allticketspurchased online are time-stamped and nominative (记名的); you may therefore be asked to provide proof of identity.”（所有网上买票都有时间盖章的并且是记名的，因此你可能被要求提供 身份证明）可知，买票需要身份验证，所以人们需要提供身份证明来购票，故选C。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过作者女儿不断的尝试各种技能的同时，父亲也做出了表率，希望女儿能够明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。父亲希望技能可以给孩子带来乐趣。 4. 句意猜测题。根据第二段“Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.”（看着你的孩子学习新技能是非常值得的，但我经历的个人成长比我生命中其他任何时候都要多。）以及划线句前“Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined ”（去年，艾丽西亚在为初学者准备的绿色雪道上练习了一个冬天的滑雪之后，她在蓝色中级雪道一路摸索，甚至尝试了她的第一个黑色钻石雪道。那个月我去山上的次数比过去15年的总和还多）可知，孩子在探索的同时，我也在探索。所以划线句的意思是他将和女儿一起探索更多。故选C。 5. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. ”（我从41岁开始上钢琴课，心想如果她看到我在练习和进步的过程中苦苦挣扎，她就会明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。）可知，父亲开始学弹钢琴为了给女儿树立一个好榜样。故选B。 6. 细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Can we eat this one, Dad ’ my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.”（“我们可以吃这个吗，爸爸 ”我四岁的女儿艾丽西娅(Alicia)问道。我们正在进行周四的一次冒险，在附近的树林里寻找可食用的蘑菇。她指着一顶布满白点的鲜红色帽子。我拿出手边的蘑菇识别软件，上面显示，如果准备得当，毒蝇伞虽然可以食用，但也是一种已知的致幻剂。我有一个坚定的“告诉他们真相，并尽可能精确”的理念，并解释了应用程序的内容，我认为我们的周四冒险还没有准备好进行那样的冒险。）可知，作者在女儿问他一种毒蝇伞蘑菇是否可食用，作者查找识别软件，并认为不能尝试食用这种蘑菇，说明作者是一个谨慎的人。最后一段“I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. ”（我从41岁开始上钢琴课，心想如果她看到我在练习和进步的过程中苦苦挣扎，她就会明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。）可知，父亲开始学弹钢琴为了给女儿树立一个好榜样，说明他是一个鼓舞人心的人。故选B。 7. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“ I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.”（我知道总有一天我会在场边为她加油，因为她找到了自己的激情所在。我对此没有意见，我希望到那时她会把实践和知识的乐趣贯穿一生。）可知，本文通过作者女儿不断的尝试各种技能的同时，父亲也做出了表率，希望女儿能够明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。父亲希望技能可以给孩子带来乐趣。所以“技能带来的快感”符合最佳标题，故选A。
【答案】8. C 9.B 10.A 11.D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国埃文斯顿西北大学的研究人员发现了一种新的方法来分解那些难以分解的PFAS。 8.C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“…most degradation methods require harsh processes using intense pressure—in some cases over 22 megapascals—or extremely high temperatures—sometimes upwards of 1,000℃—to break the chemical bonds”可知，以前的那些分解方法需要高压高温，因此很难操作。 9.B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“… and his team experimented with two substances found in nearly every chemistry lab: sodium hydroxide(氢氧化钠),also known as lye, and a solvent(溶剂)called DMSO”可知，William Dichtel团队使用了两种很常见的物质。 10.A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘What happened next was unexpected,'Dichtel said. The loss of the acid helped degrade the chemicals into fluoride ions(氟离子)and smaller carbon-containing products, leaving behind no harmful by-products.”可知，他们没预料到会有非常环保的化学反应发生。 11.D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"'The biggest question is how this could be adapted and scaled up.Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals,'Sales said.”可知，Chris Sales认为想要广泛地应用这个方法还需要很多研究。
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是作者以青铜时代的古钱币为视角，探讨未来电脑科技的发展。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Like many Bronze Age (青铜时代) coins from the region, they were cast in the shape of spades (铲) with finely carved handles. These ancient coins existed during an in-between period between barter (以物易物) and money, when coins were a novel concept, but everybody knew that agricultural tools were valuable.(像很多青铜时代的硬币，它们都被做成铁铲的形状。这些古币存在于物物交换和货币交换之间的一个时期，当时硬币还是一个新奇的概念，但每个人都知道农业工具是有价值的)”可知，许多铜器时代的硬币被制成铁锹的形状，因为当时非常重视农业。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“It’s as if we are in the Bronze Age of information technology, grasping desperately for real-world reference to transform our civilization.(我们仿佛处于信息技术的青铜时代，拼命地寻找现实世界的参考来改变我们的文明)”可知，作者通过提及青铜时代的货币提到了如今的电脑科技世界，是因为二者具有共同的特点即铁锹货币在青铜时代改变的文明中起着重要作用，电脑科技在我们当今时代改变文明中也发挥着重要作用。即强调它们在我们的文明变革中同样重要。由此推知，作者把电脑和铲形币联系起来，以强调它们在我们的文明转型中同样重要。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中划线词indispensable后文“part of our houses and cities, their sensors inset (嵌入) with walls and roads. Our network addresses might actually be the same as our street addresses.(是我们房屋和城市的一部分，它们的传感器嵌入了墙壁和道路。我们的网络地址实际上可能与我们的街道地址相同)”可知，电脑网络与我们的街道地址相同，嵌入了我们的墙壁和道路，成为了我们房屋和城市的一部分，这是必不可少的。由此可知，划线词与C选项“essential必不可少的”意思相近。故选C。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Reading about this incredible discovery, I kept thinking about the way modern people represent computer networks by describing machines as having “addresses”, like a house.(读到这一令人难以置信的发现，我一直在思考现代人如何而通过将机器描述为“地址”来表示计算机网络)”可知，文章由第一段讲述的青铜时代的铁锹货币，让作者联想到当今的电脑世界，以及后文对受到货币演化过程的启发，讲述了我们是否会开发出一套全新的符号，让我们能够更顺畅地与数字信息进行交互，展开了对未来数字世界的畅想。本文通过硬币的发展介绍了从青铜时代到信息时代的发展变化。由此可知，D项What Ancient Money Tells Us About the Future Digital World(古代货币告知我们未来的数字世界)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了此次21世纪最长日全食的情况，整个日全食过程持续了6分39秒。如此长时间的日全食是非常罕见的事件，想要再次看到可能还得等上几百年。还介绍了历史上人们对于日全食的不同看法。 16. 根据上文Across Asia many people have just witnessed the natural wonder that is a total solar eclipse.可知亚洲各地的许多人刚刚目睹了日全食这一自然奇观。由此可知，上文提到了日全食的景象，本句应当是说明这一现象发生的原因。故G选项“当太阳、月球和地球排成一条直线时，我们看到的太阳完全被月球遮住了，日全食就发生了”符合语境，故选G。 17. 根据后文Cities such as Shanghai were plunged into (陷入) darkness during what is thought to be the longest total eclipse of the 21st century. It lasted 6 minutes and 39 seconds.可知在这场被认为是21世纪持续时间最长的日全食中，上海等城市陷入了黑暗之中。整个过程持续了6分39秒。由此可知，这次日全食是21世纪持续时间最长的，所以那些观看日全食的人不会失望。故C选项“那些观看的人远远没有失望”符合语境，故选C。 18. 根据后文Shao Zhenyi, an astronomer at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in China explained: “We’ll have to wait a few hundred years for another opportunity to observe a solar eclipse that lasts this long so it’s a very special opportunity.”可知中国上海天文台的天文学家邵振义解释说:“我们必须等待几百年才能有机会观测到持续这么久的日食。所以这是一个非常特殊的机会。”由此可知，再次看到这么久的日食需要等待几百年，所以这是一生只有一次的机会。故B选项“一生只有一次”符合语境，故选B。 19. 根据后文Others believed that the eclipse signified oncoming disasters.可知另一些人认为日食预示着即将到来的灾难。由此可知，本句与后文都是在说明人们对这一现象的看法，其中D选项中some可与后文others构成对应，some…others…“一些人……另一些人……”。故D选项“有些人相信邪恶的神正在吃太阳”符合语境，故选D。 20. 根据上文Reflecting on what had just happened, one Shanghai resident described the eclipse as “eerie”(怪诞的，奇异的), while another said “It’s like magic, the day turns into night in such a short period of time. I have no idea where I am right now.可知在反思刚刚发生的事情时，一位上海居民形容日食“可怕”，而另一位说“这就像魔术一样，在这么短的时间内白天就变成了黑夜。我不知道我现在在哪里。”由此可知，本句承接上文说明，日食给人一种进入了不同世界的感觉。故A选项“感觉就像进入了一个不同的世界”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章以自己的经历告诉年轻的工程师：关注自己的优点，无需担忧自己的缺点。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道自己缺乏什么：经验，人际关系，通常还有一切都会解决的信心。A. approve同意；B. lack缺乏；C. envy嫉妒；D. face面对。根据上文“Starting a career in engineering can be challenging.”可知，这里指的是刚刚工作的人，由此可知，下文提到的“experience, a network, and often the confidence”是这些人所缺乏的。故选B。 2．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你知道自己缺乏什么：经验，人际关系，通常还有一切都会解决的信心。A. bring out拿出；B. put out扑灭；C. work out解决、锻炼；D. leave out省略。根据句意可知，刚刚步入职场的人缺乏那种一切都会解决的信心。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对年轻工程师的建议是：关注你的优点，不要担心你的缺点。A. strengths强项、优点；B. hobbies爱好；C. routines常规工作；D. priorities优先权。根据下文“stop worrying about your weaknesses”可知，下文指的是不要担心自己的缺点，由此可知，空处指的是专注自己的优点。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，你必须在自己的弱项上解决问题，但不要在这些方面花费太多精力。A. expand扩展；B. identify识别；C. observe观察；D. address发表演说、解决。根据空后“problems in areas where you are weak”，可知，空后指的是弱项上的问题，根据常识可知，这些问题是需要解决的。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，你必须在自己的弱项上解决问题，但不要在这些方面花费太多精力。A. avoid避免；B. ignore忽视；C. practise练习；D. escape逃离。根据下文“Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas”可知，很有可能在这些方面永远都不会完美，由此推断，在这些方面不要花费太多精力。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很有可能你在这些方面永远不会完美，所以浪费精力是没有意义的。A. compromise妥协；B. excuse借口；C. mistake错误；D. sense感官。短语：make no sense，意为“毫无意义”；再根据上文“Chances are that you will never be perfect in those areas”可知，有些方面你可能永远不会完美，由此可知，在这方面浪费精力是没有意义的。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，会有困难的时候，但如果你相信自己，对自己想要去的地方有一个愿景，并发展你的优势——它们会让你与众不同，你会走得很远。 A. practice练习；B. luck运气；C. review复习；D. vision视力、愿景。根据空后的“where you want to go and develop your strengths”可知，下文指的是自己对于自己未来发展的愿景；考查短语：have a vision of，意为“对……的愿景”。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，会有困难的时候，但如果你相信自己，对自己想要去的地方有一个愿景，并发展你的优势——它们会让你与众不同，你会走得很远。 A. keep维持；B. take取走；C. set设立；D. tell讲述。根据下文“you will go far”可知，对未来的愿景会让你与众不同；短语：set…apart，意为“使与众不同”。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在职业生涯中面临的最大挑战是，作为一名女性，在一个男性主导的行业中工作。A. narrow-minded眼光短浅的；B. male-dominated男性主宰的；C. old-fashioned过时的；D. female-centred以女性为中心的。跟下文“When I started working, I was the only female engineer in my division.”可知，这个行业是由男性主导的。故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我和我的同事一样有能力，但要让他们平等对待我却很难。A. stubborn顽固的；B. humorous幽默的；C. capable有能力的；D. realistic现实的。根据下文“Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. ______, they accepted me.”可知，作者没有感到沮丧，反而继续专注自己的优点，从而获得同事的尊重。由此可知，作者虽然有能力，却因为这个行业是男性主导而不被平等对待。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我和我的同事一样有能力，但要让他们平等对待我却很难。A. equal平等；B. opponent对手；C. contemporary同龄人；D. friend朋友。根据下文“Instead of feeling upset, I chose to focus on my strengths as a woman engineer to earn their respect. ______, they accepted me.”可知，作者没有感到沮丧，反而继续专注自己的优点，从而获得同事的尊重。由此可知，最初同事是不能平等对待作者的。故选A。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，他们接受了我。A. Occasionally偶尔地；B. Originally起初；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Eventually最终。根据空后“they accepted me.”可知，通过作者的努力，最终同事接受了自己。根据故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，自从我开始工作以来，性别平衡已经有所改善。A. characteristic特点；B. role角色；C. balance平衡；D. preference偏爱。根据下文“Now, I have several female engineers working in my team.”可知，现在作者的团队里已经不止一个女性了，也就是说性别平衡已经有所改善。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为主管，根据人们的能力分配他们的角色和项目，并看到他们取得了巨大的成果，这让我感到兴奋。A. placing放置；B. inspiring激励；C. concerning与……有关；D. updating更新。根据下文“in roles and on projects according to their abilities”可知，是根据人们的能力将人们分配不同的角色和项目。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过关注一个人的优势来帮助她发展，这给了我巨大的满足感。A. explore探索；B. develop发展；C. compete完成；D. qualify取得资格。根据上文“As the head, I get a thrill from______people in roles and on projects according to their abilities and seeing them achieve great results.”可知，作者看到了别人的优点而给他们分配了适合的角色和项目，并看到他们取得了巨大的成就。由此可知，作者是通过关注一个人的优势而帮助她发展。故选B。
【答案】1．about 2．filling 3．where 4．was held 5．a 6．to ensure 7．typically 8．themselves 9．But/Yet 10．have been misunderstood 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了哥本哈根的Ronni Abergel和他的兄弟和朋友们创办了“人类图书馆”，里面装满了“人类书籍”——志愿者通常来自污名化的背景（例如，他们可能被贴上无家可归、多动症、穆斯林或肥胖的标签）。 1．考查介词。句意：哥本哈根的Ronni Abergel一直对其他人的生活充满好奇。短语be curious about表示“好奇”。故填about。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年，他和他的兄弟和朋友们创办了“人类图书馆”，里面装满了“人类书籍”——志愿者通常来自污名化的背景例如，他们可能被贴上无家可归、多动症、穆斯林或肥胖的标签。分析句子结构可知fill与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填filling。 3．考查定语从句。句意：阿伯格尔说：“我想创造一个安全的地方，可以向其他人提问。”定语从句修饰先行词place，从句缺少地点状语，故填where。 4．考查时态语态。句意：第一个人类图书馆是在一个音乐节上举办的，这个概念开始流行起来。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文caught可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填was held。 5．考查冠词。句意：阿伯格尔说:“这是一个机会，让你看到站在他们的立场上是什么感觉，并消除恐惧。”他补充说，该组织对求职者进行培训，以确保他们思想开放、真诚。名词chance可数，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：阿伯格尔说:“这是一个机会，让你看到站在他们的立场上是什么感觉，并消除恐惧。”他补充说，该组织对求职者进行培训，以确保他们思想开放、真诚。此处ensure作目的状语应用不定式。故填to ensure。 7．考查副词。句意：每周的虚拟会议都是可用的，通常都被来自世界各地的参与者预订一空。修饰后文fully booked应用副词typically，作状语。故填typically。 8．考查代词。句意：阿伯格尔说，这需要一种特殊的人自愿作为一本人类的书，开放自己接受任何要求。此处指他们自己应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 9．考查连词。句意：但也有回报。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用but或yet，句首单词首字母要大。故填But/ Yet。 10．考查时态语态。句意：“如果你一生的大部分时间都被误解，谁不想被理解呢？”主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been misunderstood。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【10】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·河南省TOP二十名校高三上学期调研考试（七））
Four Best Museums in Hong Kong
Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum
Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum is the city’s first museum to only focus on biodiversity. It houses over 15,000 specimens (标本) of various animals and plants, with some specimens dating as far back as the early 1920s. Aside from promoting environmental education and the appreciation of biodiversity, it also supports scientific research on threatened species, providing a platform for the public to learn more about the preservation and importance of biodiversity and ecosystems.
Opening hours: Wednesday: 2:00 pm—8:45 pm Saturday to Sunday: 10:30 am—5:15 pm
Hong Kong Science Museum
This exciting institution offers a series of engaging interactive exhibits. There are 10permanent exhibition halls in total, covering different areas of science such as biodiversity, light and sounds, earth science and more. Don’t miss out on the 22-metre-high energy machine that produces awesome audiovisual effects as it demonstrates various forms of energy.
Opening hours: Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Fridays: 10: 00 am—7: 00 pm
Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays: 10:00 am—9:00 pm
Liang Yi Museum
This four-storey private museum is all about design, craftsmanship and heritage. It is home to impressive collections of Chinese antique furniture from the Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as a collection of historic pieces that tell the bygone era of Europe.
Opening hours: from Tuesday to Saturday: 10: 00 am—6: 00 pm
Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb (墓) Museum
Discovered in 1955 during construction work, the declared monument (纪念碑) is believed to be a tomb built in the Eastern Han dynasty (AD 25—220). Though the actual tomb is closed to the public for the conservation reason, you can still get a pretty clear view of the tomb structure through a glass panel. Go to the exhibition hall next door to see items unearthed from the tomb and learn more about the history behind the monument.
Opening hours: from Monday to Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm (closed on Thursdays)
1．What does Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum offer
A．A huge collection of Chinese antique furniture.
B．Access to interaction with living animals and plants.
C．Support for scientific research on threatened species.
D．An exhibition of species from the nineteenth century.
2．Which museum can you visit if you are available on Thursday
A．Liang Yi Museum. B．Hong Kong Science Museum.
C．Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museurn. D．Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum.
3．What can you do at Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museum
A．Look at and touch the actual tomb. B．Visit an exhibition about the tomb.
C．Learn about the history of biodiversity. D．Operate a 22-metre-high energy machine.
B
(2023·浙江杭州·校考模拟预测)
That youngsters were glued to online games on their smart phones was a great concern for Ngurang Meena, a school teacher in Nirjuli. The 30 year old social science teacher, who ran the Ngurang Learning Institute, an adult literacy centre, said that she felt disheartened when she read student papers. “The graph of student performance is falling every year. It breaks my heart whenever I see answer sheets — basic grammar skills are missing and there’s an absence of any cohesive (连贯的) expression. They lack guidance and their reading culture is almost zero,” Meena said. When her school and the centre she ran had to close due to infectious diseases, she planned to do something to address the problem.
Inspired by a similar proposal in Mizoram, Meena set up a bookshelf with around 80 books as well as some benches on the side of the road in Nirjuli on 30 August 2020, where passers by could spend time reading. The selections included motivational books, biographies and novels as well as comics for young children. “I have to please the minors with sweets to sit and read, but that is okay,” she laughed.
Meena’s bookshelf became a hit among youngsters who spent hours in the reading corner. Within two months, her effort became the talk of the town.
Now, generous contributions of books come in from the public and she is even receiving requests to set up such libraries in other parts of the state, including one in the capital, Itanagar. Since the tiny libraries are far from the main town, she also lends books out to those who want to read at home.
“I never thought that this would become such a big inspiration,” Meena said. “Since childhood, we have been told that books are our best friends. The next generation of kids is focused on games and other things. I don’t want them to head on the wrong track,” she added.
4. What’s the aim of Meena’s reading program
A. To care for youngsters lacking in reading.
B. To help adults learn some cohesive expression.
C. To keep Ngurang Learning Institute running well.
D. To highlight the importance of reading for adults.
5. What did Meena do to encourage young kids to read more
A. She offered some rewards to them. B. She provided them with transportation.
C. She chose novels with beautiful covers. D. She selected books covering every category.
6. Which words can best describe Meena’s libraries
A. Small and useless. B. Influential and meaningful.
C. Large but impractical. D. Widespread but unwelcome.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. Books：Sources of Knowledge B. The Roadside Reading Corner
C. The Library：an Ideal place for the Young D. New Ideas about Setting a Reading Plan
C
（2023·吉林长春·长春外国语学校高三试题）
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles — equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles — fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei around which water vapor condenses to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “ We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
8．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How microplastics are used widely.
B．How microplastics come into being.
C．How microplastics pollute water.
D．How microplastics should be handled.
9．What do we know about microplastics
A．They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B．They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C．They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
D．They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
10．What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph
A．Countries should work together to fight pollution.
B．The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C．It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
D．No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
11．Which of the following can be the best title
A．The sources and effects of microplastics.
B．The difference between acid rain and plastic rain.
C．The dangers of microplastics.
D．The microplastics in food chain.
D
（2024·云南丽江·校考期末）
Most people think that women are naturally kind, cry too much and think with their hearts, instead of using their heads like men. Meanwhile, men are thought to be born to be rational creatures who naturally know how to lead and do math. However, statistics on personality types report that 75. 5% of women are Feelers and 56. 5% of men are Thinkers. So, right now we see that a huge number of men about 43%- -have Feeling preferences.
According to these numbers, only 25% of women are Thinkers. A majority of women tested are Feelers, but are a majority of women born as Feelers In many regards, women are still expected to uphold the feminine(女性的) goals of half a century ago- stay pretty, have babies, keep a tidy home, and cook a good nutritious meal every night. Now, in addition to those old standards, most women plan on working and having careers. But even in the workplace, showing a Thinking preference can be problematic. Women who take charge or offer criticism may be seen 88 bossy,
Of courser the question goes to the Thinking men. Boys learn at a young age that being emotional or sensitive can be seen to be less strong. They have been taught not to cry to show that they are brave enough to bear any sufferings. In that case, they are more likely to be less of Feelers.
Maybe Feeler women and Thinker men are not naturally 80.
There is nothing wrong with being a Feeler woman or a Thinker man. Being a Feeler does not mean that you're a rollercoaster of emotions who might knock over a table at any moment, nor does being a Thinker mean that you are an infallible robot designed to make heartless decisions. Regardless of gender. your personality and preferences are completely valid; neither Thinking nor Feeling is right or wrong, good or bad. And of course, people, who prefer a Thinking style still have feelings, and Feelers can be extremely intelligent.
12．What is the common belief about men according to paragraph 1
A．They prefer to be math teachers. B．They tend to think with their heads.
C．They seem ruder and more merciless. D．They are emotional group leaders.
13．What mainly makes women become Feelers
A．Their working experiences. B．The social expectations.
C．The born characteristics. D．Their family backgrounds,
14．What can be learned from the last paragraph
A．Personality is not necessarily limited to a type.
B．Feelers and Thinkers can hardly live in harmony,
C．A Thinker is certain to make heartless decisions.
D．A Feeler is emotionally changeable all the time.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Does Personality Change Over the Time
B．Is Personality Only Determined by Gender
C．Are Feeler Women and Thinker Men Born to Be So
D．Can Feelers and Thinkers Get On Well With Each Other
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2023·广东东莞·东华高级中学校联考模拟预测)
Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team Like lots of people, maybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive and had trouble getting motivated again. 16 It all comes down to good planning, realistic expectations, and a stick-to-it attitude. Here’s what you need to do:
First, know your goal. Start by writing down your major goal. For example, “I want to make honor roll,” or “I want to get fit enough to make the cross-country team,” or even, “I want to play in the Olympics” are all major goals because they’re the final thing the goal ‘setter wants to see happen. 17 That’s how people get things done. You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there.
Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than an unclear one. 18 That’s pretty unclear. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve, why you want to get fit, and by when. This helps you make a plan to reach your goal.
19 People often abandon their goals because their expectations are unreasonable. Part of staying motivated is being realistic about what you can achieve within the time-frame you’ve peting on the Olympic ski team is a workable goal if you are 15 and already a star skier. But if you’re 18 and only just taking your first lesson, time isn’t exactly on your side.
Break it down. Making any change takes self-discipline. You need to pay constant attention so you don’t get sidetracked. 20 For example, let’s say you want to run a marathon. If it’s February and the marathon is in August, that’s a realistic time-frame to prepare. Start by planning to run 2 miles and work up gradually to the distance you need.
A. Make it realistic.
B. It’s OK to dream big.
C. What if you keep slipping up
D. Let’s say your goal is to get fit.
E. So how do you stay motivated and on track with your goal
F. One way to make this easier is to break a big goal into small steps.
G. Finding the motivation to do it isn’t necessarily easy, but it is always possible.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·江苏苏州·南京师范大学苏州实验学校月考）
At the age of 12, I withdrew into my bedroom with my guitar. I had neither musical talent — many 1 music lessons had proved that — nor musical training. My fingers ached as I tried to press down on the strings without making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声). 2 , I worked my way through 2-, 3- and even 5-chord (和旋) songs and discovered the 3 thrills of these musical notes. No one 4 me to do this. I did this myself and of my own free will for a week, and the sense of happiness－ true happiness 5 in absorption in something － has 6 me. Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a model and 247 for almost every meaningful thing I have done since. It makes me understand the 8 between achievement and accomplishment.
The world favors achievement while 9 accomplishment. The former is the completion of the task imposed (强加) from the outside — the 10 being a path to the next task. The latter is the end point of an activity we have chosen, whose bonus is the sudden 11 of happiness.
The seeking of accomplishment always 12 people. I learned so long ago in that 13 week that simply lifting one finger from the guitar’s C chord, you should get the most moving 14 in tune. I didn’t know then it was a major 7th chord, a favorite of some masters’. I just 15 accomplishment. That’s real human “achievement”.
1．A．added B．tailored C．expected D．failed
2．A．Besides B．Instead C．Therefore D．However
3．A．fruitless B．matchless C．effortless D．senseless
4．A．wished B．allowed C．required D．invited
5．A．masked B．rooted C．set D．stuck
6．A．waited for B．passed by C．departed from D．stayed with
7．A．exchange B．reason C．foundation D．priority
8．A．relationship B．difference C．balance D．similarity
9．A．ignoring B．avoiding C．assessing D．defending
10．A．origin B．process C．decision D．reward
11．A．lack B．need C．rush D．dream
12．A．amazes B．concerns C．frightens D．discourages
13．A．adventurous B．dangerous C．memorable D．horrible
14．A．impression B．performance C．scene D．harmony
15．A．pursued B．accepted C．interpreted D．analysed
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·四川自贡·统考一模）
Hanfu, or Han-style clothing, one of the 1 (old) types of clothing in the world, is becoming popular again. Walking in downtown areas or scenic spots in the Chinese mainland, one can’t miss the sight of girls and boys elegantly 2 (dress) in Han-style clothing posing for photographs with either 3 oil paper umbrella or a circular silk fan in hand.
Actually, the clothing style of Chinese Hanfu kept changing over the centuries due to the 4 (change) in people’s taste, requirements and the availability of new clothing materials. However, the development of Han-style clothing came to a sudden stop, when the Manchus, after establishing the Qing Dynasty, 5 (essential) banned people from wearing Hanfu.
For a long time, Hanfu was worn only by some brides and grooms during weddings and a few other special occasions. Attracted by the elegance and beauty of Hanfu, a few brave youngsters began to wear Han-style clothes a decade ago 6 (take) photos in ancient towns. They immediately drew the attention of the public and the media, 7 in turn prompted (促使) others to try on Hanfu.
Thanks to the country’s emphasis 8 cultural confidence, Han-style clothing has been developing into a trend. Some cities 9 (hold) Hanfu festivals or Hanfu fashion shows so far. The 10 (grow) popularity of Hanfu has also fueled public interest in other traditional cultural elements, Chinese painting, calligraphy, kung fu and so on.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港的四个博物馆的特点及其开放时间。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum”部分的句子“Aside from promoting environmental education and the appreciation of biodiversity, it also supports scientific research on threatened species, providing a platform for the public to learn more about the preservation and importance of biodiversity and ecosystems.(除了推广环境教育和重视生物多样性外，它亦支持对濒危物种的科学研究，为公众提供一个平台，了解保护生物多样性和生态系统的重要性。)”可知，Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum会向关于濒危物种的科学研究提供支持，故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据“Liang Yi Museum”部分的“Opening hours: from Tuesday to Saturday: 10: 00 am—6: 00 pm(开放时间：星期二至星期六上午10:00至下午6:00)”可知，Liang Yi Museum周四开放，故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据“Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb (墓) Museum”部分“Go to the exhibition hall next door to see items unearthed from the tomb and learn more about the history behind the monument.(去隔壁的展厅看看墓中出土的物品，了解更多纪念碑背后的历史)”可知, 你在Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museum可以参观展出古墓出土物的展览，故选B项。
【答案】4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Meena的女教师发现孩子们缺乏阅读后，决定开设 一个路边的读书角，以激励他们多读书的故事。 4. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theylackguidanceandtheirreading culture is almost zero (他们缺乏指导， 他们的阅读文化几乎为零)”以及第二段中的“Meenasetupabookshelf with around 80 books as well as some benches on the side of the road in Nirjuli on 30 August 2020, where passers-by could spend time reading. (2020 年 8 月30日，Meena在尼尔朱利的路边搭建了一个书架，书架上有大约80本书和一些长凳，路人可以在那里 花时间阅读。)”可知，Meena阅读计划的目的是关心那些缺乏阅读条件的年轻人，故选A。 5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ihavetopleasetheminorswith sweets to sit and read, but that is okay(我必须 用糖果来取悦未成年人，让他们坐下来看书，但这没关系)”可知，Meena通过给小孩子一些糖果作为奖励来 鼓励他们多读书，故选A。 6. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“generous contributions of books come in from the public and she is even receiving requests to set up such libraries in other parts of the state, including one in the capital, Itanagar. (公众慷 慨捐赠书籍，她甚至收到在该州其他地区建立此类图书馆的请求，包括在首都伊塔那加的一个图书馆。)” 可知，Meena的路边图书馆想法得到了外界的广泛支持与认可，人们想要更多这样的图书馆。因此，Meena 的图书馆是非常有意义且有影响力的，故选B。 7. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Inspired by a similar proposal in Mizoram, Meena set up a bookshelf with around 80 books as well as some benches on the side of the road in Nirjuli on 30 August 2020(受 Mizoram 类似提 议的启发，Meena于2020年8月30日在Nirjuli的路边设立了一个书架，书架上有大约80本书以及一些长 凳)”以及结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Meena为了鼓励孩子们多读书，在路边开设了街边图书馆， 故选B。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。释放到环境中的塑料袋和塑料瓶被分解成越来越小的碎片。据《每日邮报》报道，一些微塑料是故意制造出来的，以在牙膏和洗面奶等一系列产品中产生磨损作用。另一个主要来源是你的洗衣机。当你洗合成衣物时，微小的微纤维会随着废水一起被冲走。据美国《连线》杂志报道，尽管污水处理厂对这些水进行了处理，但微塑料仍然存在，并被释放到海洋中。)”可知，第三段介绍了微塑料的几种来源，故本段是讲述微塑料是如何产生形成的。故选B。 9．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.(你能想到的任何地方都有微塑料。据《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠、蚊子，他们的体内平均含有40个塑料微粒。作为食物链的顶端，人类也会接触到微塑料。)”可知，微塑料几乎可以在任何地方被发现，由此可推断，微塑料几乎影响了整个食物链。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”(“我们生活在一个泡泡里的球上，”苏格兰斯特拉希利德大学的微塑料研究员Steve Allen告诉《连线》杂志。“没有边界，没有边缘。它(塑料雨)在陆地上下雨，然后再次被吹回空中，移动到其他地方。一旦泄露出去，就无法阻止了。”)”可知，在Steve Allen看来，世界上没有任何一个地方可以免受微塑料的污染。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.(雨对地球上的生命至关重要。然而，雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。)”可知，现在的雨水中含有塑料；文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。)”；文章第四段“Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with.(塑料雨可能会让人想起酸雨，但前者的影响范围更广，也更难处理。)”可知，文章用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，并分析了微塑料的来源以及影响。故选A。
【答案】12．B 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。人们通常认为女人天是感受者而男人天生是思考者，然而这并不是绝对的，个性并不一定局限于某一种类型。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Most people think that women are naturally kind, cry too much and think with their hearts, instead of using their heads like men. Meanwhile, men are thought to be born to be rational creature who naturally know how to lead and do math”（大多数人认为女人天生善良，爱哭，用心思考，而不是像男人那样动脑思考。与此同时，男人被认为是天生的理性生物，天生知道如何领导和做数学。）可知，人们通常认为男人是理性思考者。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ In many regards, women are still expected to uphold the feminine(女性的) goals of half a century ago- stay pretty, have babies, keep a tidy home, and cook a good nutritious meal every night. Now, in addition to those old standards, most women plan on working and having careers. But even in the workplace, showing a Thinking preference can be problematic. Women who take charge or offer criticism may be seen 88 bossy,”（在许多方面，人们仍然期望女性坚持半个世纪前的女性目标——保持漂亮，生孩子，保持家庭整洁，每天晚上做一顿营养丰富的晚餐。现在，除了那些旧标准，大多数女性计划工作和事业。但即使在工作场合，表现出思维偏好也是有问题的。主事或提出批评的女性可能被认为是专横跋扈的,）可推知，主要是社会期望使女性变成了感受者。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Being a Feeler does not mean that you're a rollercoaster of emotions who might knock over a table at any moment, nor does being a Thinker mean that you are an infallible robot designed to make heartless decisions.”（做一个感觉者并不意味着你是一个随时可能打翻桌子的情绪过山车，做一个思考者也不意味着你是一个绝对正确的机器人，被设计来做无情的决定。）及“And of course, people, who prefer a Thinking style still have feelings, and Feelers can be extremely intelligent.”（当然，喜欢思考方式的人仍然有感觉，而“感觉者”可能非常聪明。）可推知，个性并不一定局限于某一种类型。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。大多数人认为女人天生善良，爱哭，用心思考，而不是像男人那样动脑思考。与此同时，男人被认为是天生的理性生物，天生知道如何领导和做数学。然而，根据性格类型的统计数据显示，75.5%的女性是“感受者”，56.5%的男性是“思考者”。可知，本文在探讨“是否女人就是天生的感受者而男人就是天生的思考者”。根据最后一段“Being a Feeler does not mean that you're a rollercoaster of emotions who might knock over a table at any moment, nor does being a Thinker mean that you are an infallible robot designed to make heartless decisions.”做一个感觉者并不意味着你是一个随时可能打翻桌子的情绪过山车，做一个思考者也不意味着你是一个绝对正确的机器人，被设计来做无情的决定。由此可知，人们通常认为女人天是感受者而男人天生是思考者，然而这并不是绝对的，个性并不一定局限于某一种类型。所以短文的最佳标题为“是否女人就是天生的感受者而男人就是天生的思考者”。故选C。
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. F 【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文提出了四条如何坚持实现目标的建议。 16. 根据上文“Have you ever set a goal for yourself, like getting fit, making honor roll, or being picked for a team Like lots of people, maybe you started out doing great, but then lost some of that drive and had trouble getting motivated again.（你曾经为自己设定过目标吗，比如健身，上光荣榜，或者入选球队？像很多人一样，也许你一开始做得很好，但后来失去了一些动力，很难再次获得动力）”以及下文“It all comes down to good planning, realistic expectations, and a stick-to-it attitude.（这一切都归结于良好的计划、现实的期望和坚持下去的态度。）”可知，上文提到失去实现目标的动力的现象，可知，本句在说明与前文现象相关的问题，故E选项“那么，你是如何保持动力并朝着目标前进的呢”符合语境，故选E。 17. 根据下文 “That's how people get things done. You just have to remember that the bigger the goal, the more work it takes to get there.（这就是人们做事的方式。你只需要记住，目标越大，需要付出的努力就越多。）”可知，本句与目标远大有关，B选项中dream big 对应后文That，指的就是有远大梦想这件事，故B 选项“有远大的梦想是可以的”符合语境，故选B。 18. 根据上文“Make it specific. It’s easier to plan for and master a specific goal than an unclear one.（使目标具体一点。制定和掌握一个明确的目标比制定一个不明确的目标更容易。）”以及下文 That's pretty unclear. Make it specific by defining what you want to achieve, why you want to get fit, and by when.（这很不清楚。明确你想要达到的目标，为什么要健身，以及什么时候要健身。）可知，上文提到制定明确的目标，后文提到具体的步骤。故本句举一个如何让目标明确的例子，D 选项“假设你的目标是健身。”符合语境。故选D。 19. 根据下文“People often abandon their goals because their expectations are unreasonable. Part of staying motivated is being realistic about what you can achieve within the time-frame you've planned.（人们常常因为期望过高而放弃目标。保持动力的一部分是你在计划的时间框架内可以实现的目标要现实。）”提到目标要现实，A选项“现实一点。”符合语境，故选A。 20. 根据主旨“Break it down.（把目标分解。）”以及下文 “For example, let's say you want to run a marathon. If it's February and the marathon is in August, that's a realistic time-frame to prepare. Start by planning to run 2 miles and work up gradually to the distance you need.（例如，假设你想跑马拉松。如果是在2月，而马拉松在8月，这是一个现实的准备时间框架。从计划跑2英里开始，逐渐增加到你需要的距离。）”可知，本句是在举例说明如何分解目标。故F选项“有一种方法可以让这个目标更容易实现，那就是把一个大目标分解成一个个小步骤。”符合主旨，且能连接举的练习马拉松的例子，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 247．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过坚持自学一周吉他，获得了扎根于对某事的专注的真正的幸福感，这种幸福感伴随着作者并成为他此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既没有音乐天赋——许多失败的音乐课证明了这一点——也没有音乐训练。A. added增加；B. tailored剪裁；C. expected期待；D. failed失败。根据“nor musical training”可知，作者在音乐课上也失败了。故选D。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我尝试2和弦、3和弦甚至5和弦的歌曲时，我发现了这些音符所带来的无与伦比的刺激。A. Besides此外；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。上文提到“当我试图按下琴弦而不让它们发出嗡嗡声时，我的手指感到疼痛。”，下文提到“当我试图按下琴弦而不让它们发出嗡嗡声时，我的手指感到疼痛。”，上下文之间为转折关系，需用副词however。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fruitless没有结果的；B. matchless无与伦比的；C. effortless毫不费力的；D. senseless毫无意义的。根据“thrills of these musical notes.”可知，作者发现了这些音符无与伦比的刺激。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人要求我这么做。A. wished希望；B. allowed允许；C. required要求；D. invited邀请。根据“I did this myself and of my own free will for a week”可知，作者自己这样做的，没有人要求他。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自己这样做了一个星期，这是我自己的自由意志，而幸福感——扎根于对某事的专注的真正的幸福感——一直伴随着我。A. masked掩饰；B. rooted扎根于；C. set设置；D. stuck卡住。根据“Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a model and 　　7　　 for almost every meaningful thing I have done since.”可知，对某件事情的专注而获得的幸福感，一致扎根于内心深处。故选B。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. waited for等待；B. passed by经过；C. departed from离开；D. stayed with和……呆在一起。根据“Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a model”可知，幸福感——扎根于对某事的专注的真正的幸福感——一直伴随着作者。故选D。 247．考查名词词义辨析。句意：五十年后，那个星期的自我指导实践成为了我此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础。A. exchange交换；B. reason原因；C. foundation基础；D. priority优先权。根据空后的“for almost every meaningful thing I have done since.”可知，那个星期的自我指导实践成为了作者此后所做的每件有意义的事情的基础。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我明白了成就和成就感之间的区别。A. relationship关系；B. difference不同；C. balance平衡；D. similarity相似。根据下文“The world favors achievement while 　　9　　 accomplishment.”可知，作者通过那一周的经历理解了成就和成就感的区别。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界偏爱成就，而忽视成就感。A. ignoring忽视；B. avoiding避免；C. assessing评估；D. defending保卫。While前后为对比关系，上文提到“这个世界偏爱成就”，此处指“忽视成就感”。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者是完成任务后从外界加强的奖励，使通往下一个任务的途径。A. origin起源；B. process过程；C. decision决定；D. reward奖励。根据下文“The latter is the end point of an activity we have chosen, whose bonus”可知，空处和bonus意思接近，reward（奖励）符合语境。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后者是我们选择的活动的终点，其奖励是突如其来的幸福感。A. lack缺乏；B. need需要；C. rush冲；D. dream梦想。根据上文“I did this myself and of my own free will for a week, and the sense of happiness－ true happiness 　　5　　 in absorption in something”可知，此处指成就感是指突然迸发的幸福感。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对成就感的追求总是让人惊讶。A. amazes使惊讶；B. concerns担心；C. frightens使害怕；D. discourages使泄气。根据上文“Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a model”可知，作者认为根据之前那一周自学吉他后获得的幸福感，了解到对成就感的追求让人感到惊讶。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很久以前，在那难忘的一周里，我明白了只要从吉他的C弦上抬起一个手指，你就能得到最动人的和声。A. adventurous冒险的；B. dangerous危险的；C. memorable难忘的；D. horrible可怕的。根据上文“Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a model and 　　7　　 for almost every meaningful thing I have done since.”可知，那是令人难忘的一周。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impression印象；B. performance表演；C. scene场景；D. harmony和谐。根据常识和上文“simply lifting one finger from the guitar’s C chord”可知，在那难忘的一周里，作者明白了只要从吉他的C弦上抬起一个手指，就能得到最动人的和声。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是追求了成就感。A. pursued追求；B. accepted接受；C. interpreted解释；D. analysed分析。根据上文“The seeking of accomplishment always 　　12　　 people.”可知，作者认为自己只是在追求成就感。故选A。
【答案】1．oldest 2．dressed 3．an 4．changes 5．essentially 6．to take 7．which 8．on/upon 9．have held 10．growing 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了目前流行的汉服，实际上汉服一直在变化发展，直到清朝建立后才停止了变化，随着一些勇敢的人尝试穿着汉服拍照，汉服重新获得了关注和喜爱，变成一种流行趋势。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：汉服，又叫汉式服饰，是世界上最古老的服装之一，如今又开始流行起来。根据“one of the”和“types of clothing”可推知，此处用固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，空处应用old的最高级形式。故填oldest。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：走在中国大陆的闹市区或景点，你不会错过那些优雅地穿着汉服的女孩和男孩，他们手里拿着一把油纸伞或一把丝绸的团扇，摆着姿势拍照。分析句子可知，空处作girls and boys的后置定语，是非谓语动词，dress和girls and boys逻辑上是被动关系，且此处侧重状态，应用dress的过去分词形式。故填dressed。 3．考查冠词。句意：走在中国大陆的闹市区或景点，你不会错过那些优雅地穿着汉服的女孩和男孩，他们手里拿着一把油纸伞或一把丝绸的团扇，摆着姿势拍照。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一把”，应用不定冠词，且oil的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 4．考查名词的数。句意：实际上，几个世纪以来，由于人们的品味、要求的变化，以及新服装材料的出现，中国汉服的服装风格不断变化。根据空后“in people’s taste, requirements”可推知，变化应不止一个，可数名词change应用复数形式。故填changes。 5．考查副词。句意：然而，满族人在建立清朝后，基本上禁止人们穿汉服，汉服的发展突然停止了。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词banned，应用副词essentially，意为“基本上，大致上”。故填essentially。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：十年前，一些勇敢的年轻人被汉服的优雅和美丽所吸引，开始穿汉服到古镇拍照。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作目的状语，应用take的不定式形式。故填to take。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他们立即引起了公众和媒体的注意，这反过来又促使其他人尝试汉服。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 8．考查介词。句意：由于国家对文化自信的重视，汉式服装已经发展成为一种趋势。名词emphasis“强调，重视”后常跟介词on或upon，引出重视的对象。故填on/upon。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，一些城市已经举办了汉服节或汉服时装秀。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为so far，句子应用现在完成时，且主语Some cities为复数，助动词用have。故填have held。 10．考查形容词。句意：汉服的日益流行也激发了公众对中国绘画、书法、功夫等其他传统文化元素的兴趣。分析句子可知，空处作修饰popularity的定语，形容词growing符合题意，意为“增长的，增加的”。故填growing。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【11】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·安徽合肥·高三合肥一六八中学校联考阶段练习)
Camping tips: Which overnight wilderness experience is right for you
If you’re an experienced backpacker, read no further. This article is for camping rookies, those who have never slept beneath the stars or haven’t pitched a tent since their youth but are seriously thinking about overnighting in the wilderness.
Car camping
At its most basic, car camping involves packing a tent, sleeping bag, fold-up chair, cooler and camp stove into your vehicle and staying at a drive-up campground. Nearly every national park, and many state and county parks and private facilities, offer drive-up campgrounds with restrooms, potable water, fire rings or pits, and maybe even hot showers. So there are lots of choices.
The downside of car camping is the fact that these campgrounds are often packed with other campers. Not a lot of privacy, they can be noisy, and possibly hinder your quest of communing with nature.
Backpacking
No vehicle required; just your feet and a good pair of hiking boots or shoes to get you to the next overnight spot. A multi-day hiking trip is without doubt the most immersive way to experience the great outdoors.
Different from maybe car camping, it requires the least expense and equipment. All you really need are a backpack, sleeping bag, water bottle, small first-aid kit, enough food to last the entire travel. It can be done just about anywhere on the planet.
Boat Camping
While this does involve owning or renting a watercraft or using a ferry or water taxi service to reach the overnight site, camping via canoe, kayak, raft or boat offers a similar get-away-from-it-all adventure as backpacking.
Experienced paddlers and boaters usually prefer to camp on their own along a secluded shoreline. But many adventure or wilderness outfitters offer guided trips that can last anywhere from a couple of days to two or three weeks. With a boat, you can sometimes camp places that not even backpackers can reach.
1. Who are the intended readers
A. Red-blooded males . B. White-collar staff. C. Blue-blooded tourists. D. Green-hand campers.
2. What can you learn from the passage
A. Backpacking allows you to communicate with nature deeply.
B. Car camping is the most economic way to experience nature.
C. The drive-up campgrounds provide people with private environment.
D. Boat camping offers the same adventures as backpacking.
3. In which column will you find this passage
A. Feature. B. Style. C. Travel. D. Entertainment.
B
(2023·江苏镇江·第一中学统考二模)
Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in heliospheric (日球层的) physics for the past half century, passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed (誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.
Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”, a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun. It can become violent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism (怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum (真空), and was thus completely empty of any matter. But, there were no errors in his study or his calculations, and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students, thus urging them to be independent.
Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise. His son Eric said, “My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death, they traveled to Lund, Sweden, to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.
4. What can we learn from the second paragraph
A. A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.
B. The sun has less effects on Earth than expected.
C. Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.
D. NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.
5. Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first
A. It went against the popular opinion at that time.
B. Some mistakes were found in his calculations.
C. The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.
D. Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.
6. What did Parker suggest young researchers do
A. Seek close cooperation. B. Avoid high expectations.
C. Learn by trial and error. D. Compete against others.
7. What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage
A. Straightforward and generous. B. Responsible and accessible.
C. Intelligent yet conservative. D. Distinguished yet modest.
C
（2023·江苏·高三第一届“七夕杯”高中英语能力检测试题）
Humans are pretty unique among life on Earth. As far as we know, we’re the only living species to evolve the higher intelligence, wear clothes, cook our food, and even invent smartphones. But what if humans suddenly went extinct What other animals might evolve to have the smarts and skills to create large,complex societies as we have
With modern genetic technology and our understanding of evolution, “we’re pretty good at making short-term predictions. “Martha Reiskind, an ecologist, told Live Science. For example, we can predict that if humans were to disappear tomorrow, climate change would continue to drive many species to adapt to drought. And species living in cold areas would continue to struggle to live as well.
“A big thing will be the concept of convergence.” Dougal Dixon, a geologist, told Live Science Convergence is an evolutionary process by which two unrelated creatures develop similar features in order to succeed in a particular environment. For example, with their sleek (光滑的) bodies and fins, fish are suitable for living in water. However, dolphins have evolved a very similar body plan—and unlike fish, they are warm-blooded, air-breathing animals with a totally different evolutionary background.
One feature that makes humans uniquely good at building is our skillful hands. In order to fill the same role as humans—that is, building cities and heavily modifying our environment—another species would need to develop a similar ability to control objects. Other primates (灵长目动物), like chimpanzees. our closest living relatives, already can make tools in the wild. It’s possible that if humans disappeared, they might replace us.
But any disaster terrible enough to destroy humans is also likely to destroy chimpanzees, which leaves another tool-using candidate to fill humans place: birds. Birds are very brainy. Some birds can use their feet to form wire into hooks. And trained African grey parrots can learn upwards of 100 words and do simple math, including understanding the concept of zero. Birds can also gather in large groups, and some even build group nesting sites.
Of course, all of these are predictions. Scientists have said it’s almost impossible to truly predict how evolution will unfold. As we go further and further out, the prediction is less accurate. And it’s even more difficult to predict whether another species will develop human-level intelligence, Some think that it could happen. Others, however, are less optimistic because they don’t think nature will make mistakes twice.
8．Why does the author mention fish and dolphins in Para. 3
A．To show how dolphins evolved
B．To explain what convergence is.
C．To show the advantage of the fish shape
D．To explain the feature of animals living in water.
9．What do chimpanzees and some birds have in common
A．The ability to make tools B．The habit of group living
C．The ability to do simple math D．The close relationship with humans
10．Which animals might replace humans if a worst disaster happened
A．Sea animals. B．Chimpanzees
C．Birds. D．Dogs.
11．Which of the following best describes the future of other species filling the same role as humans
A．Hopeless. B．Challenging.
C．Promising. D．Uncertain.
D
（2023·云南大理·校考三模）
Psychological stress is likely to surface during a human mission to Mars. Prof Jeff Johnson thinks an on-board “comedian” could keep spirits up during the long journey. He is drawing on his research on the differing teambuilding approaches of competing polar explorers Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott to prove his point. Amundsen’s team made it to the South Pole and back while Scott’s died on the return journey.
Well, Roald Amundsen actually put people through tests before they set off to make sure that they would take orders and, in particular, whether they would challenge any of them. Amundsen would set up situations where there would be an ambiguous context to see what their responses would be, and if somebody questioned him, they were out. However, if you read Amundsen’s diary, he writes that Lindstr m, the cook, was basically the most important person on the expedition.
Lindstr m was the comedian. He didn’t actually go to the South Pole, but you’ve got to remember that the walking expedition was a small component of the overall time that they were on the ice. They were there for well over a year, waiting to walk to the Pole. They had to wait during the winter and it’s a very tense time when people are idle (懒散的). Lindstr m played an essential role in keeping the peace in the group when there were tense moments, and he would do something funny to get everybody to laugh, which would break the tension.
There are individuals who have these certain natural abilities that you want to be able to recognize and include when you’re putting together groups that are going to be isolated, such as those going into space. There are a number of different roles that we’ve discovered are important, but one of them is somebody who has humour. That’s clearly important. So, you’d want to have somebody like Lindstr m, somebody who is not only good at what they have to do (he was a very good cook) but who also has another skillset beyond what’s in the job description.
We can put people together thinking that they’re going to work together in a certain way, but over the course of time a crisis is bound to happen. There are the kinds of things that make groups more adaptable and help them function better. You can think about it in terms of atoms: when you put different elements together, they produce different kinds of things. It’s the same with people. They may have their own characteristics, but when you put them together, they’re going to create a different kind of situation and we want to have a better idea of what that might be.
12．By comparing Amundsen with Scott, the author intends to __________.
A．contradict his previous statements B．introduce the topic of the passage
C．illustrate the importance of a comedian D．emphasize the necessity of team spirits
13．What was the very quality Amundsen was valuing in his interview
A．Willingness to take orders. B．Optimism about success.
C．Eagerness to make progress. D．Curiosity about mysteries.
14．For what reason was Lindstr m regarded as a key figure on the expedition
A．He went against the command of the Amundsen in every circumstance.
B．He could make up many jokes about other team members to ease tension.
C．Besides cooking tasty dishes, he was capable of easing tension when it arose.
D．When a vacancy appeared, he was always ready to fill it in and made it work.
15．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Comedians, keys to landing on Mars B．Atoms, roles of members in a team
C．Teamwork, secret to overall success D．Amundsen, example for group leaders
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·河北廊坊·高三文安县第一中学校联考期中）
Research suggests that parental favouritism is surprisingly common, and can actually be very harmful. 16 . Widespread as it is, it can damage children’s well-being across the lifespan, from their childhood to middle age and beyond. It is considered such an important factor in a range of emotional problems that psychologists have a name for it—“parental differential treatment”.
However, siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the same family may disagree over whether their family is even affected by it. 17 . Laurie Kramer, a professor of applied psychology says, “It is an experience that a parent prefers another child to them.” She adds, “ 18 . It possibly means less control, so that they may enjoy fewer restrictions and be subject to less discipline or even punishment.”
19 . Such perceived parental favouritism has been associated with low self-esteem in children, as well as childhood anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. There may also be a knock-on effect on emotional well-being that causes more indirect problems.
In a small Canadian study of eight homeless teenagers, seven said they felt that their parents had favoured a sibling over them while they had always been the “problem children”. 20 . While the study may be too small to draw wider conclusions, it highlights just how far a child’s experience of favouritism can potentially go.
A．Being the favourite can also come with pain
B．That’s because feeling less-favoured can be very subjective
C．This could mean devoting more time, attention or affection
D．They believed this had contributed to the breakdown of family ties
E．This may not be the same observation that the other siblings encounter
F．For those who feel they are treated as second-best, the consequences can be serious
G．It occurs in around 65% of families, and has been studied across different cultures
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河北邢台·宁晋中学高三模拟预测）
Ever since I was a boy, I have been an active reader and dreamed to be a writer. I have read and been 1 by so many books from so many authors. I think it may be one of the reasons I started 2 myself. I even enjoy hearing 3 about other authors, because often they can 4 us a lot as well.
I heard one such story the other day that really made me stop and 5 . The two famous authors, Kurt Vonnegut and Joseph Heller were invited to a(n) 6 given by a billionaire at his home. As the host 7 his luxurious rooms to his guests and the rare works of art he had collected, Vonnegut said 8 to his friend Heller that the host had probably made more money in a single day than Heller had earned from his most 9 novel over its entire history. Heller 10 back and said, “Yes, he probably has, but I have something he will never have—ENOUGH.”
What is enough Our society tells us that 11 is ever enough: The messages and advertisements 12 us every day telling us to buy more. The 13 of life, however, teach us differently. They say that if we have clothes to keep 14 , a roof over our heads, and love from people around us, we have enough. It is up to us, though, to 15 it, and share it with the world.
1．A．astonished B．concerned C．confused D．inspired
2．A．reading B．writing C．painting D．carving
3．A．comments B．introductions C．stories D．adventures
4．A．assign B．comfort C．promise D．teach
5．A．complain B．argue C．think D．predict
6．A．party B．exhibition C．competition D．lecture
7．A．showed off B．gave away C．shut down D．pointed out
8．A．seriously B．jokingly C．deliberately D．happily
9．A．plain B．common C．popular D．shallow
10．A．looked B．returned C．jumped D．smiled
11．A．nothing B．anything C．everything D．nobody
12．A．abuse B．bomb C．change D．charge
13．A．lessons B．welfare C．destinations D．reward
14．A．healthy B．wealthy C．warm D．energetic
15．A．tolerate B．complete C．abandon D．value
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·湖北·百校联考高三联考试题）
Breeding efforts at Shedd Aquarium (水族馆) are a big part of the conservation work that staff and researchers engage 1 and that means baby animals are born at Shedd every day.
According to senior aquarist Rachel Zak, 2 currently works with marine fish larvae (幼体) the aquariums across the county are actually working together on breeding efforts and 3 (share) their research with each other.
Zak’s work in particular requires several 4 (level) of cultivation (培养). In order to breed the tiny organisms that her newly hatched fish will eat, she first needs to cultivate the algae that those tiny organisms will eat. All of that work is performed behind 5 scenes in the aquarium’s live food area. Some of the animal breeding happens in plain sight, though, especially for Shedd’s large animals in the oceanarium.
Harmony, Shedd’s youngest dolphin, was born nearly a year ago. And the staff 6 (watch) the entire birthing process from in and around the dolphins’ environment. “Her birth was incredible, I remember a lot about it” said animal care 7 (special)Sheri Hendricks. 8 (fortunate), we did not have to do much as trainers. Katrl (Harmony’s mother) is a really 9 (experience) and wonderful mom.
From dolphins to cuttlefish, fish larvae to sea-monkeys, the new animals born and 10 (raise) at Shedd everyday make for an ever-changing landscape at Chicago’s world famous aquarium.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了针对于露营新手的几种露营方式和建议。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“This article is for camping rookies, those who have never slept beneath the stars or haven’t pitched a tent since their youth but are seriously thinking about overnighting in the wilderness. (这篇文章是写给露营新手的，这些人从年轻时就没有在星空下睡过觉，也没有搭过帐篷，但他们正在认真考虑在野外过夜)”可推知，这篇文章的目标读者应该是新手露营者。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据Backpacking中“A multi-day hiking trip is without doubt the most immersive way to experience the great outdoors.(多日徒步旅行无疑是体验户外美景的最身临其境的方式)”可知，背包旅行可以让你与自然进行深入的交流。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及标题“Camping tips: Which overnight wilderness experience is right for you (露营小贴士：哪种过夜的野外体验适合你？)”和第一段“If you’re an experienced backpacker, read no further. This article is for camping rookies, those who have never slept beneath the stars or haven’t pitched a tent since their youth but are seriously thinking about overnighting in the wilderness. (如果你是一个有经验的背包客，不要再往下读了。这篇文章是写给露营新手的，这些人从年轻时就没有在星空下睡过觉，也没有搭过帐篷，但他们正在认真考虑在野外过夜)”可知，文章主要讲的是针对于露营新手的几种露营方式和建议。由此推知，你可能在旅行板块一栏找到这篇文章。故选C项。
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了日球物理学的领军人物，尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的 影响。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. (帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体的影响的认 识。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. (美 国宇航局甚至表示，“太阳物理学领域的存在在很大程度上要归功于尤金·帕克博士。”)”可知，帕克对整个 日球物理学领域做出了极大的贡献，他是值得赞扬的。故选C。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community.(当帕克的研究成果于 1958 年发表时，他的理论最初 遭到了科学界的质疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空), and was thus completely empty of any matter. (当时的普遍观点是，行星之间的空间是绝 对真空的，因此完全没有任何物质。)”可知，人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度，因为它违背了当 时的流行观点。故选A。 6. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you want to be the first one to know that.” (这段经历可能导致了帕克经常给年轻研究人员的建议：“如果你做了一 些新的或创新的事情，预计会有麻烦。但要批判性地思考，因为如果你错了，你想成为第一个知道这一点 的人。”)”可知，帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。故选C。 7 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailed(誉为)as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. (被誉为作为太阳物理 学领域的梦想家，帕克彻底改变了我们对太阳及其对地球和太阳系内其他天体影响的理解。)”以及根据最后 一段中“Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise.(帕克谦逊、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但谦逊的。 故选D。
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章提出如果人类突然消失了，什么动物进化出智慧创造像我们一样庞大、复杂的社会这个问题，基于基因技术和对进化的理解，科学家们做出了短期预测。 8．推理判断题。根据第三段“‘A big thing will be the concept of convergence.” Dougal Dixon, a geologist, told Live Science Convergence is an evolutionary process by which two unrelated creatures develop similar features in order to succeed in a particular environment. For example, with their sleek(光滑的)bodies and fins, fish are suitable for living in water. However, dolphins have evolved a very similar body plan—and unlike fish, they are warm-blooded, air-breathing animals with a totally different evolutionary background.（“融合的概念将是一件大事。”地质学家杜格尔·迪克森告诉《生活科学》杂志，趋同是一种进化过程，两种不相关的生物发展出相似的特征，以便在特定的环境中取得成功。例如，鱼有光滑的身体和鳍，适合生活在水中。然而，海豚进化出了非常相似的身体结构——与鱼类不同的是，它们是温血动物，呼吸空气，有着完全不同的进化背景。）”可知，作者先介绍了 convergcnce 这一概念，即两种不相关的生物进化出相似的特征以求在某种特定环境中生存。然后，作者以海豚进化出鱼类的身形为例来说明这一概念。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Other primates(灵长目动物), like chimpanzees. our closest living relatives, already can make tools in the wild.（其他灵长类动物，如黑猩猩。我们现存的近亲，已经可以在野外制造工具了。）”和第五段第一句“But any disaster terrible enough to destroy humans is also likely to destroy chimpanzees, which leaves another tool-using candidate to fill humans place: birds.Birds are very brainy.Some birds can use their feet to form wire into hooks. （但是，任何足以毁灭人类的灾难也可能毁灭黑猩猩，这就留下了另一种工具来填补人类的位置：鸟类。鸟很聪明，有些鸟能用脚把铁丝做成钩子。）”可知，黑猩猩可以在野外制造工具，鸟类也可以，比如有的鸟类能够用爪子将金属丝弯成钩子。因此，两者的共同点是都能制造工具。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“But any disaster terrible enough to destroy humans is also likely to destroy chimpanzees, which leaves another tool-using candidate to fill humans place: birds.（但是，任何足以毁灭人类的灾难也可能毁灭黑猩猩，这就留下了另一种工具来填补人类的位置：鸟类。）”可知，当特大灾难致使人类和黑猩猩都灭绝后，能够使用工具的鸟类有可能代替人类的位置。故选C。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, all of these are predictions. Scientists have said it’s almost impossible to truly predict how evolution will unfold. As we go further and further out, the prediction is less accurate. And it’s even more difficult to predict whether another species will develop human-level intelligence, Some think that it could happen. Others, however, are less optimistic because they don’t think nature will make mistakes twice.（当然，所有这些都是预测。科学家们表示，要真正预测进化将如何展开几乎是不可能的。随着我们越走越远，预测就越不准确。更难预测的是另一个物种是否会发展出人类水平的智力，有些人认为这是可能发生的。然而，其他人则不那么乐观，因为他们认为大自然不会犯两次错误。）”可知，未来的其他物种能否扮演与人类相同的角色？有的人认为这是可能的，而有的人则对此持消极态度。因此，智能生物的未来是不确定的。故选D。
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．C 15．A 【解析】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是在人类的火星任务中，杰夫 约翰逊教授认为，一名机上的“喜剧演员”可以在长途旅行中保持精神抖擞。“喜剧演员”成为了登陆火星的关键。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段的Prof Jeff Johnson thinks an on-board “comedian” could keep spirits up during the long journey. He is drawing on his research on the differing team building approaches of competing polar explorers Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott to prove his point. 杰夫 约翰逊教授认为，一个在船（或飞机、车）上的“喜剧演员”可以在长途旅行中保持精神抖擞。他利用自己对极地探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森(Roald Amundsen)和罗伯特·法尔肯·斯科特(Robert Falcon Scott)不同团队建设方法的研究来证明自己的观点。由此可以推知，通过比较阿蒙森和斯科特，作者试图说明“喜剧演员”的重要性。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段的Well, Roald Amundsen actually put people through tests before they set off to make sure that they would take orders罗尔德·阿蒙森(Roald Amundsen)让人们在出发前进行测试，以确保他们会接受命令，由此可知，阿蒙森在面试中看重的品质是愿意接受命令，故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段的Lindstr m, the cook, was basically the most important person on the expedition.可知Lindstr m是一个厨师，以及第三段的Lindstr m played an essential role in keeping the peace in the group when there were tense moments, and he would do something funny to get everybody to laugh, which would break the tension. Lindstr m在团队里在保持平静这方面扮演了一个至关重要的角色，当面对紧张时刻时，他会做一些有趣的让每个人都笑，将这紧张打破。Lindstr m被视为一个关键人物是因为除了烹饪美味佳肴，他还能在紧张情绪出现时缓解紧张情绪。故选C。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第一段的Psychological stress is likely to surface during a human mission to Mars. Prof Jeff Johnson thinks an on-board “comedian” could keep spirits up during the long journey. 在人类的火星任务中，心理压力很可能会浮出水面。杰夫 约翰逊教授认为，一名机上的“喜剧演员”可以在长途旅行中保持精神抖擞。可知“喜剧演员”，登上火星的关键可以是文章最好的标题，故选A。
【答案】16．G 17．B 18．C 19．F 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家长的偏爱会对孩子产生不良的影响。 16．上文“Research suggests that parental favouritism is surprisingly common, and can actually be very harmful. (研究表明，父母的偏爱非常普遍，而且实际上可能非常有害。)”说明父母的偏爱既普遍又有害，选项G“它发生在大约65%的家庭中，并且已经在不同的文化中进行了研究”承接上文，具体说明它的普遍性。选项中It指上文中parental favouritism，语义一致，故选G项。 17．上文“However, siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the same family may disagree over whether their family is even affected by it. (然而，同一家庭的兄弟姐妹可能会对他们的家庭是否受到偏爱的影响意见不一。)”说明同一家庭的兄弟姐妹会对家庭偏爱的影响意见不一，这是孩子的主观意识。选项B“那是因为感觉不那么受欢迎是非常主观的”承接上文，和上文之间是因果关系。故选B项。 18．上文“It is an experience that a parent prefers another child to them. (这是一种父母更喜欢另一个孩子而不是自己的经历。)”谈到偏爱的经历，选项C“这可能意味着投入更多的时间、精力或感情”承接上文，是对这种经历的具体说明，所谓偏爱意味着父母对某个孩子投入更多。故选C项。 19．下文“Such perceived parental favouritism has been associated with low self-esteem in children, as well as childhood anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. (这种感知到的父母偏袒与儿童的低自尊、儿童焦虑、抑郁和行为问题有关。)”说明了孩子不受待见的不良后果，选项F“对于那些觉得自己被置于次要位置的人来说，后果可能很严重”引领下文，说明父母偏爱对于被认为自己不是父母的最爱的孩子有严重后果。故选F项。 20．上文“In a small Canadian study of eight homeless teenagers, seven said they felt that their parents had favoured a sibling over them while they had always been the ‘problem children’. (在加拿大对8名无家可归的青少年进行的一项小型研究中，有7人表示，他们觉得自己的父母更偏爱兄弟姐妹，而他们一直是‘问题儿童’。)”说明一些无家可归的青少年之所以离开家庭是因为他们认为父母偏爱其他兄弟姐妹，选项D“他们认为这导致了家庭关系的破裂”承接上文，说明他们认为父母偏爱导致了家庭破裂。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者讲述了自己读了很多书深受启发，其中一则故事让作者感悟到什么是足够，要珍惜赋予我们的一切。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我读过这么多作家写的这么多书，并深受启发。A. astonished使震惊；B. concerned关心；C. confused使困惑；D. inspired启发。根据下文“I think it may be one of the reasons I started ____2____ myself”可知，作者受到启发。故选D项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想这可能是我自己开始写作的原因之一。A. reading阅读；B. writing写作；C. painting绘画；D. carving雕刻。根据上文“Ever since I was a boy, I have been an active reader and dreamed to be a writer.”可知，作者读的书多，受到启发也开始写作。故选B项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至喜欢听其他作家的故事，因为他们也经常教给我们许多。A. comments评论；B. introductions介绍；C. stories故事；D. adventures冒险。根据下文“I heard one such story the other day that really made me stop and __5__”可知，作者喜欢听其他作者的故事。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. assign分配；B. comfort舒适；C. promise承诺；D. teach教。根据下文“The ____13____ of life, however, teach us differently.”可知，故事能教给我们很多事情。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天我听到一个这样的故事，它真的让我停下来思考。A. complain抱怨；B. argue争论；C. think想；D. predict预测。根据下文“It is up to us, though, to ____15____ it, and share it with the world.”可知， 作者对这个故事有所思考。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位著名的作家，库尔特·冯内古特和约瑟夫·海勒，被邀请参加一个由亿万富翁在他家举办的聚会。A. party晚会；B. exhibition展览；C. competition竞争；D. lecture演讲。根据下文“As the host ____7____ his luxurious rooms to his guests and the rare works of art he had collected,”可知，这位富翁在家里举办晚会。故选A项。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上题。A. showed off炫耀；B. gave away泄露；C. shut down关闭；D. pointed out指出。根据下文“his luxurious rooms to his guests and the rare works of art he had collected,”可知，这位富翁是在炫耀。故选A项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当主人向他的客人炫耀他的奢华豪宅并吹嘘他收集的稀有艺术作品时，冯内古特对他的朋友海勒开玩笑说，主人在一天内赚的钱可能比海勒在其整个历史上最受欢迎的小说中赚的钱还多。A. seriously严重地；B. jokingly开玩笑地；C. deliberately故意地；D. happily高兴地。根据下文“the host had probably made more money in a single day than Heller had earned from his most ___9____ novel over its entire history.”可知，这是开玩笑说的话。故选B项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. plain简单的，朴素的；B. common普通的；C. popular流行的，受欢迎的；D. shallow浅的。根据下文“novel over its entire history”可知，这里是拿他整个写作史上最受欢迎的小说的收入作比较。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：海勒微笑着回答说：“是的，他可能是（挣了很多前），但我有他永远不会有的东西——足够”。A. looked看；B. returned返回；C. jumped跳；D. smiled微笑。根据上文“the host had probably made more money in a single day than Heller had earned from his most ___9__ novel over its entire history.”可知，此处是开玩笑，海勒也以微笑回应。故选D项。 11．考查代词词义辨析。句意：什么是足够的？我们的社会告诉我们，没有什么是足够的。A. nothing没有东西；B. anything任何东西；C. everything所有东西；D. nobody没有人。根据下文“The messages and advertisements __12__ us every day telling us to buy more.”可知，信息和广告每天告诉我们去买越来越多的东西，说明没有东西是足够的。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信息和广告每天轰炸我们，告诉我们去买越来越多的东西。A. abuse虐待；B. bomb轰炸；C. change改变；D. charge要价。根据下文“every day telling us to buy more”可知，广告和信息狂轰乱炸，鼓动人们买东西，说明广告多。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，生活的课程教导我们不同。A. lessons课程；B. welfare福利；C. destinations目的地；D. reward奖励。根据下文“teach us differently”可知，此处lessons“课程”与动词teach相对应。故选A项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们说如果我们身上有衣服保暖，那我们就足够了。A. healthy健康的；B. wealthy富有的；C. warm 温暖的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文“clothes”可知衣服是用来保暖的。故选C项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这取决于我们来珍惜它，并与世界分享它。A. tolerate容忍；B. complete 完成；C. abandon放弃；D. value珍惜。根据前文“They say that if we have clothes to keep ____14____ , a roof over our heads, and love from people around us, we have enough”可知，对于生活赋予我们的一切，我们应当珍惜。故选D项。
【答案】1．in 2．who 3．sharing 4．levels 5．the 6．watched 7．specialist 8．Fortunately 9．experienced 10．raised 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谢德水族馆的动物繁殖与保育工作。 1．考查介词。句意：谢德水族馆的繁殖工作是工作人员和研究人员所从事的保护工作的重要组成部分，这意味着每天都有小动物在谢德出生。动词短语engage in表示“从事，参加”，符合句意。故填in。 2．考查定语从句。句意：据高级水族馆管理员瑞秋·扎克说，她目前正在研究海鱼幼虫，全国各地的水族馆实际上正在共同努力繁殖，并相互分享他们的研究成果。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是“Rachel Zak”，指人，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3．考查动词时态。句意：据高级水族馆管理员瑞秋·扎克说，她目前正在研究海鱼幼虫，全国各地的水族馆实际上正在共同努力繁殖，并相互分享他们的研究成果。分析句子结构可知，“working together on breeding efforts”和“__3___their research with each other”是并列关系，共用be动词“are”，构成现在进行时。故填sharing。 4．考查名词。句意：扎克的工作尤其需要几个层次的培养。根据“several”可知，空处需填名词复数。故填levels。 5．考查冠词。句意：所有这些工作都是幕后在水族馆的活体食物区进行的。此处表特指，应用定冠词，behind the scenes表示“在幕后，在后台”。故填the。 6．考查动词时态。句意：工作人员从海豚的环境内外观察整个生产过程。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填watched。 7．考查名词。句意：动物护理专家谢里 亨德里克斯说：“她的出生令人难以置信，我记得很多关于它的事情。”根据“animal care”及人名“Sheri Hendricks”可知，空处需填单数名词，special作形容词，表示“特别的，特殊的”，specialist作名词，表示“专家”符合句意。故填specialist。 8．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，作为教练我们不需要做太多事情。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Fortunately。 9．考查形容词。句意：卡特尔（哈默尼的母亲）是一位非常有经验的好妈妈。根据“and wonderful mom”可知，空处需填形容词修饰名词，experienced作形容词，表示“有经验的”符合句意。故填experienced。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：从海豚到墨鱼，从鱼苗到海猴，每天在谢德出生和饲养的新动物构成了芝加哥举世闻名的水族馆不断变化的景观。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“make”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“the new animals”和“raise”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填raised。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【12】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测）
It’s easy to assume that a vacation to Bali will cost a small fortune. There are plenty of accommodations, food and local transportation, and even the spas offer massages and treatments at value prices. However, you can easily spend a week or two in Bali for under $2,000, without having to sleep on the beach. Here are a few things to consider when planning Bali on a budget.
What is the best time to visit Bali on a budget
If you’re on a budget, consider visiting Bali during the lower, wetter season, which runs from October through March. The crowds will be fewer, and both hotel rates and flights from abroad are often cheaper, except during the holiday period between mid-December and early January, when crowds swell. The only trade-off for the lower prices is the wet season. This time of year isn’t always ideal for sunbathing, and serious rainfall can make outdoor activities, such as whitewater rafting and visiting waterfalls and rice terraces, less than appealing. That said, even during rainy season, it doesn’t usually rain all day long. Expect bursts of sunshine between the storms.
What is the cheapest way to get around Bali
The absolute cheapest way to get around Bali is by local bus, but it can take a long time. There are also tourist buses, including hop-on, hop-off options, that travel between different hubs across the island. Bali is well-served by taxis, both of the car and motorbike variety, and the prices tend to be affordable by international standards. Most drivers will offer you a fixed rate for full-day hires or to get from point A to point B, rather than using a meter.
Remember to bargain; doing so is particularly easy when a driver is on his own rather than at a taxi stand.
How much does food cost in Bali
If you’re into fine dining, you can end up spending a large chunk of your budget on food. Eating at the average restaurant geared towards tourists is the best way to have a meal in Bali on a budget. A good meal should cost you around 100,000 rupiah (around $7), but if you’re willing to subsist mostly off of local specialties such as nasi goreng (fried rice) and eat at local restaurants, you can expect to pay around 30,000 rupiah ($2) to get fed. Best of all, most hotels and guesthouses in Bali come with free breakfast, and many offer heavier options of noodles and meat that may keep you full until lunch.
1．Which of the following situation can be best described by the underlined word trade-off in paragraph 2
A．Jack got a reward after he returned the lost bag to its owner.
B．Lily spent much money buying some handicrafts at the local fair.
C．Wendy cancelled her trip in order to prevent the spread of the virus.
D．Sam was scolded by his parents for what he did in school last night.
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．It’s better for outdoor enthusiasts to visit Bali during the off season.
B．Passengers had better fix the price with drivers before the taxi pulls out from the station.
C．If on a tight budget, one is advised to visit Bali at the end of December every year.
D．It’s relatively economical to eat merely at average restaurants tailored to visitors.
3．In which column of a magazine can you most probably find this passage
A．City and Transport. B．Travel and Recreation.
C．Nature and Environment. D．Food and Health.
B
（2023·湖南娄底·高三湖南省新化县第一中学校考期末）
One night in March, five years ago, during happy hour at a bar in my hometown, I made a surprise announcement to my friends: I was going to shut down my law practice and attempt to travel around the globe in a year. What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind. My announcement drew mixed reactions from my friends. Some offered support and encouragement, while others were more doubtful.
Once I’d said the words, there was no turning back. It took months to shut down my law practice and get things in order. Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher. Even so, travelling overland was the most awe-inspiring way to truly understand the immensity of our wonderful planet.
I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. I would look out the windows for hours on end at the completely unspoiled plains, as if humans had never touched it.
It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing, each day spent gazing out the windows for hours as the West Siberian Plain swept by. Sometimes, I wouldn’t see a village or a human being for 10 hours. Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure.
It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than I had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere. It also kept me flexible and open about all my travel plans, which is advice I give everyone who asks—plan far less than you think you should.
4．The author’s trip was special in that .
A．he made it at the expense of giving up his job B．it hardly cost him anything
C．he did not make advance booking or travel by air D．it was a global trip
5．The author most probably returned to the United States in .
A．June 2017 B．December 2018
C．October 2017 D．February 2018
6．What’s the correct order of the places that the author travelled to
①Moscow ②Philadelphia ③New Zealand ④Ushuaia ⑤Beijing ⑥Buenos
A．⑤④①⑥③② B．④⑥①⑤③②
C．④⑤①⑥③② D．⑤①⑥④③②
7．What does the author think of his around-the-world tour
A．challenging but pleasing B．dangerous but wonderful
C．boring and disappointing D．costly and painful
C
（2023·山东济南·统考三模）
For motorcycle enthusiasts, nothing beats the excitement of riding your motorcycle on the open highway with the wind on your back. With gas prices rising, riding motorcycles is economical and a much greener way to travel. Along with the benefits comes the risk of personal injury if an accident occurs. After all, you’re not protected by steel like you are while driving your car. Besides a helmet (头盔), the latest safety innovations, new airbag jeans, are personal airbags that you can wear to better protect your life.
Airbags have been protecting people in car accidents for decades. Now, a Swedish company, Mo’cycle, teamed up with an airbag technology company which previously produced upper body protection for motorcycle riders, to design and produce the airbags jeans. This kind of airbag can offer protection for the motorcycle rider’s lower body, especially the tailbone, in case of an accident. According to the company, “It reformed the airbag technology to protect the first bone of the spinal column (脊柱), because spinal column injury is the leading cause of disability among motorcycle riders.”
The airbag jeans look like conventional trousers. Its component is removable and the jeans can be washed, dried, and worn again. The jeans are made of a fabric called Armalith which is stronger and weighs less than steel. Armalith helps to prevent riders from injuries caused by force of friction after a fall. The airbags fixed into the fabric help protect the rider if he or she falls off the motorcycle. If the rider is separated from the vehicle, the airbags are touched off in seconds. That’s because the mechanism is actually a chain that connects the jeans to the motorcycle.
Mo’cycle’s airbag jeans are available on the company’s crowdfunding campaign along with an airbag shirt and a complete protection package. Obviously, they can provide protection for more motorcycle riders. Making the roads safer for them is certainly a worthy effort.
8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A. To show the popularity of motorcycles.
B. To stress the necessity of airbags jeans.
C. To state the importance of wearing helmets.
D. To display the excitement of highway riding.
9. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A. The tailbone injuries are hard to identify.
B. Airbags offer overall protection for riders.
C. Mo cycle is famous for airbag design and production.
D. The airbag jeans are based on the existing technology.
10. What is a feature of airbag jeans
A. They lead a new fashion trend. B. They are comfortable to wear.
C. They are quick in response. D. They need fixing regularly.,
11. How does the author feel about the future of the airbag jeans
A. Indifferent. B. Uncertain. C. Promising. D. Curious.
D
（2023·江苏·马坝高中校考期中）
Some people worry that there’s too much technology in our lives.And they may have a point, given how countless people now carry the internet around in their pocket and use it as a primary form of communication. It’s practically difficult to shun technology in our world. There are computer microchips(微芯片) in our watches, our cars, light switches, even our pets! Where will it end
Well, if certain people have their way, it’ ll go even further. We’ll have microchips implanted(植入) into our brains that can interact with the computers by thought alone. It may sound like something from the science fiction, but in many ways, things look quite promising. Thanks to the ability to send and receive information remotely via computers microchips and other related devices have long been put into brains.
For example, electrodes have been implanted in the brains of epilepsy patients to better record and even predict the abnormal neurological activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulation, through implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regions, is an established treatment for things like Parkinson’s disease, and is even being looked into for illnesses like depression.
However,it’s another thing to place such devices in healthy individuals. There are the practical concerns,not least of which is what these chips will be made of. The inside of the brain is a mass of highly reactive chemicals and electrical activity. Implants would need to be inert(静止的) enough to not upset the delicate processes by their presence, but also sensitive enough to read and process the activity around them.Current technology has made impressive progress with this, but if it were to be rolled out to millions of people, we’d need to be 100 per cent certain that it’s safe.
How many people will actually want to have technology literally put into their brain A surprising 60 per cent of Americans say they’d be okay with it, but that’s when it’s purely theoretical. In reality, the possibility of having strangers stick chips in your brain is likely to prove unattractive, especially for a population where millions get mad at fictional microchips in vaccines(疫苗), and even more are frightened of dentists.
Ultimately, the technology of computer-brain interface(接口) implants is still far away from us.
12．What does the underlined word “shun” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Develop. B．Avoid. C．Change. D．Trust.
13．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 3
A．The possible treatment for particular diseases.
B．The process of human-computer interaction.
C．The existing application of microchip implants.
D．The future of microchips and devices alike.
14．How may most Americans react to implanting chips in the brain in reality
A．They may reject it.
B．They may expect it.
C．They may adjust to it.
D．They may feel curious about it.
15．What might be the best title for the text
A．Computer-brain interface: The light of the future
B．Innovation is necessary to make progress
C．Where are we in the medical technology
D．Mind-controlled tech: Is it possible
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·江苏·高三学情调研试题）
Before you go on your next two-wheeled adventure, make sure you’re familiar with the ins and outs of bicycle safety. This holds true whether you’re riding a traditional bike or an e-bike — one powered by an electric motor in addition to your pedaling.
Many of the safety recommendations are the same for both types of bikes. Wear a helmet. 16 Make sure you’re visible to motorists (some e-bikes now come with lights). Know how to use your arm to signal turns (left: extend your left arm out to the side; right: extend your right arm or bend your left arm up at a right angle). Don’t talk on the phone, text, or listen to music. 17
Be sure your e-bike is ready to ride. That starts with checking that the tires are inflated and the brakes are working properly. If the bicycle hasn’t been used for a while, take it for a tune-up before you take it for a ride. 18 And before and after every ride, inspect your bicycle for damage.
19 This is also important for e-bike riders. “With the ability to go faster comes the responsibility to know when you should slow down,” says Ash Lovell, electric bicycle policy director at People for Bikes, a cyclist advocacy organization.
Know the rules of the road. “When you’re riding in the street, even in a protected bike lane, read the signals, pay attention to the lane markings, and check the signage to see where e-bikes are allowed,” Lovell says. 20 Signs in those states may specify which types of bikes are allowed on which roads and paths. Check the People for Bikes website (peopleforbikes.org) for more information.
A．Do not ride on the left.
B．Be aware of your speed.
C．And if you’re an e-bike rider, take notice of the following tips.
D．Remember to replace batteries on a regular basis.
E．Ride with the flow of traffic rather than against it.
F．For an e-bike, also make sure your battery is charged.
G．Thirty-six states have adopted a classification system for e-bikes.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·江苏常州·高三校联考期末）
Most of us need to heal once in a while. Physically. Mentally. Emotionally. Sometimes it’s all the above. For some of us, the 1 part of healing is simply to believe that it’s possible.
Years ago, I was watching my oldest son 2 free throws. He made a dozen 3 through the net without a miss.
“How do you do that ” I said.
“Before I release the ball,” he said, “I see it in my mind going 4 the net. I see it in my mind to make it happen.”
I loved these words. It struck me that they might also 5 healing. We need to believe healing can happen and picture it in our minds to see it in 6 . 7 doesn’t assure us of the outcome we hope for. But it sets us in motion to move toward desired 8 .
Last year I had surgery for a broken 9 and spent eight weeks in a wheelchair. At the end of those eight weeks, I 10 to start walking again. 11 , that didn’t happen. I then started going to physical 12 . I believed it could help, so I kept at it just when it seemed I’d never 13 again as I did before.
When hope grows dim (暗淡的), belief 14 the way and makes all things possible. We need to believe 15 is possible. If we can see it in our minds, we can let go of the past, accept the present and move toward a better future.
1．A．simple B．emotional C．hardest D．reasonable
2．A．practice B．display C．release D．enjoy
3．A．attempts B．shots C．choices D．adjustments
4．A．against B．with C．for D．through
5．A．rely on B．apply to C．arise from D．respond to
6．A．reality B．detail C．turn D．person
7．A．Imagination B．Desire C．Belief D．Dreaming
8．A．outcome B．prize C．career D．option
9．A．hand B．ankle C．wrist D．arm
10．A．promised B．planned C．longed D．expected
11．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Additionally D．However
12．A．strength B．beauty C．therapy D．examination
13．A．walk B．live C．wish D．recover
14．A．feels B．lights C．forces D．clears
15．A．success B．improvement C．healing D．breakthrough
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·广东汕头·高三汕头市潮阳实验学校校考期中)
The mascot design for Bing Dwen Dwen 1 (choose) from over 5,800 submissions from China and 35 countries around the world after a global competition 2 (arrange) by the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee kicked off. According to the committee, the number of design proposals was nearly three times 3 of the 2008 Games.
“There was a lot of 4 (diverse), with everyone from little children to professionals 5 (submit) proposals.” said Alexis, director of the University of Art and Design in Switzerland, 6 the IOC is based.
To make Bing Dwen Dwen look 7 (adore), the design team used the image of a baby panda. In fact, Bing Dwen Dwen soft toys have become so popular that they are out of stock at 8 (official) licensed online and physical stores. A spokesman said they were negotiating with relevant departments 9 (increase) the supply of Bing Dwen Dwen.
On Saturday, Prince of Monaco Albert II received a figurine (雕塑) of Bing Dwen Dwen at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, and asked if he could have 10 second one because he has twins, according to a China Central Television report.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个去巴厘岛度假省钱的办法。 1．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“This time of year isn’t always ideal for sunbathing, and serious rainfall can make outdoor activities, such as whitewater rafting and visiting waterfalls and rice terraces, less than appealing.(每年的这个时候并不总是日光浴的理想时间，而且严重的降雨会使户外活动，如漂流、参观瀑布和梯田，没有吸引力)”可知，价格下降的原因是雨季这一代价。划线词意为“代价”。故C选项“为了防止病毒的传播，温迪取消了她的旅行”最能描述画线词，温迪以失去旅行为代价，换取防止病毒传播。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Eating at the average restaurant geared towards tourists is the best way to have a meal in Bali on a budget.(要想在巴厘岛省钱，在一家面向游客的普通餐厅吃饭是最好的办法)”结合选项可知，在为游客量身定制的普通餐厅吃饭相对经济省钱。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s easy to assume that a vacation to Bali will cost a small fortune. There are plenty of accommodations, food and local transportation, and even the spas offer massages and treatments at value prices. However, you can easily spend a week or two in Bali for under $2,000, without having to sleep on the beach. Here are a few things to consider when planning Bali on a budget.(人们很容易认为去巴厘岛度假会花一大笔钱。这里有充足的住宿，食物和当地交通，甚至水疗中心提供合理价位的按摩和治疗。然而，你也可以花不到2000美元在巴厘岛度过一两个星期，甚至不用在海滩上睡觉。以下是在规划巴厘岛预算时需要考虑的一些事情)”结合文章主要介绍了三个去巴厘岛度假省钱的办法。可推知，你最可能在杂志的“旅游和娱乐”专栏里找到这篇文章。故选B。
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在没有任何计划的前提下进行了环球旅行，结果证明毫无准备地旅行比想象的要容易得多。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind.(此外，我也不会乘坐任何航班，也不会提前预订任何种类的机票)”可知，作者旅行的特别之处是没有提前预定，也没有坐飞机。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher.(当我在2016年10月开始我的冒险之旅时，我发现不使用飞机旅行并不容易。试着在16个月内绕地球一周〔这比我最初计划的12个月要长一些〕让事情变得更加困难)”由此可知，作者2016年10月出发，16个月后返回，即作者最有可能在2018年2月回到美国。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. (我连续乘坐了三趟通宵巴士，从世界最南端的城市乌斯怀亚到首都布宜诺斯艾利斯，穿越阿根廷3000公里)”、第四段第一句“It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing (从莫斯科到北京坐了连续七天的火车)”及第四段最后一句“Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure. (在我后来的旅程中，我用了22天的时间乘坐货轮从新西兰穿过巴拿马运河回到费城，完成了我的环球冒险)”可知，作者的旅行路线是乌斯怀亚，布宜诺斯艾利斯，莫斯科，北京，新西兰，费城。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I found travelling without using planes was not easy.”可知，作者在2008年12月开始他的冒险之旅时，他发现不坐飞机旅行并不容易；结合最后一段中“It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere.(没有计划的旅行远没有想象中那么困难，带着背包坐公交车进城，在旅游指南上寻找一些住宿建议，然后找到一个住处在任何地方都不是什么大问题)”可推知，作者的态度是积极的，认为虽然旅行有一定挑战性，但总体上是愉快的。故选A。
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安全气囊牛仔裤可以更好地保护人们的生命，文章介绍了安全气囊牛仔裤的原理以及涉及的技术。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“For motorcycle enthusiasts, nothing beats the excitement of riding your motorcycle on the open highway with the wind on your back. With gas prices rising, riding motorcycles is economical and a much greener way to travel. Along with the benefits comes the risk of personal injury if an accident occurs. After all, you’re not protected by steel like you are while driving your car. Besides a helmet (头盔), the latest safety innovations, new airbag jeans, are personal airbags that you can wear to better protect your life.(对于摩托车爱好者来说，没有什么比骑着摩托车在开阔的高速公路上迎风而行更令人兴奋的了。随着汽油价格的上涨，骑摩托车是一种既经济又环保的出行方式。随着这些好处而来的是，如果发生事故，人身伤害的风险。毕竟，你不像开车时那样受到钢铁的保护。除了头盔之外，最新的安全创新产品——新型安全气囊牛仔裤——是一种个人安全气囊，你可以穿上它来更好地保护你的生命)”可推知，第一段的目的是强调安全气囊牛仔裤的必要性。故选B。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段“Now, a Swedish company, Mo’cycle, teamed up with an airbag technology company which previously produced upper body protection for motorcycle riders, to design and produce the airbags jeans. This kind of airbag can offer protection for the motorcycle rider’s lower body, especially the tailbone, in case of an accident. According to the company, “It reformed the airbag technology to protect the first bone of the spinal column (脊柱), because spinal column injury is the leading cause of disability among motorcycle riders.”(现在，一家瑞典公司Mo’cycle与一家安全气囊技术公司合作，设计和生产安全气囊牛仔裤。该公司之前为摩托车手生产上半身保护装置。这种安全气囊可以在发生事故时保护摩托车骑手的下半身，特别是尾骨。据该公司介绍，“它改革了安全气囊技术，以保护脊柱的第一块骨头，因为脊柱损伤是摩托车骑手致残的主要原因。”)”可推知，安全气囊牛仔裤是基于现有技术。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If the rider is separated from the vehicle, the airbags are touched off in seconds.(如果骑手与车辆分离，安全气囊会在几秒钟内被触发)”可知，安全气囊牛仔裤的特点反应迅速。故选C。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Obviously, they can provide protection for more motorcycle riders. Making the roads safer for them is certainly a worthy effort.(显然，他们可以为更多的摩托车骑手提供保护。让道路对他们来说更安全当然是值得的)”可推知，作者认为安全气囊牛仔裤的未来很有前途。故选C。
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了将微芯片植入人类大脑的可能性。 12．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“There are computer microchips(微芯片) in our watches, our cars, light switches, even our pets! (我们的手表，汽车，电灯开关，甚至我们的宠物里都有电脑芯片！)”说明电脑芯片在人们日常生活中已经是普遍存在，从而推知划线词句“It’s practically difficult to shun technology in our world. (在我们的世界里，shun科技实际上是很困难的。)”其中划线词汇意思是“回避，不用”。故选B项。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thanks to the ability to send and receive information remotely via computers microchips and other related devices have long been put into brains. (由于能够通过计算机远程发送和接收信息，微芯片和其他相关设备早已被植入大脑。)”和第三段“For example, electrodes have been implanted in the brains of epilepsy patients to better record and even predict the abnormal neurological activity. Similarly, deep-brain stimulation, through implanted devices that cause activity in key brain regions, is an established treatment for things like Parkinson’s disease, and is even being looked into for illnesses like depression. (例如，电极已经植入癫痫患者的大脑，以便更好地记录甚至预测异常的神经活动。类似地，通过植入设备引起大脑关键区域活动的深部脑刺激，是治疗帕金森氏症等疾病的既定方法，甚至正在研究治疗抑郁症等疾病。)”可知，作者想通过例子说明微芯片植入的现有应用。故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In reality, the possibility of having strangers stick chips in your brain is likely to prove unattractive, especially for a population where millions get mad at fictional microchips in vaccines(疫苗), and even more are frightened of dentists. (事实上，让陌生人在你的大脑里植入芯片的可能性很可能被证明是没有吸引力的，尤其是对于一个数百万人对疫苗中虚构的微芯片感到愤怒的人群，对于害怕牙医的人群来说更多。)”可知，在现实中，大多数美国人可能会拒绝对在大脑中植入芯片。故选A项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“How many people will actually want to have technology literally put into their brain (有多少人真的想把科技真正地植入他们的大脑？)”可知，本文探讨了将微芯片植入人类大脑的可能性。D项“大脑控制技术：这可能吗？”符合主题，故选D项。
【答案】16．E 17．C 18．F 19．B 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了骑自行车或电动自行车的安全事宜。 16．上文“Wear a helmet. (戴头盔)”为骑行时安全建议。下文“Make sure you’re visible to motorists (some e-bikes now come with lights). (确保你能被司机看到(现在有些电动自行车带灯了))”也为骑行时安全建议。结合选项，E项“Ride with the flow of traffic rather than against it. (顺应车流而不是逆着车流而行)”同为骑行时安全建议，符合语境。故选E。 17．上文“Many of the safety recommendations are the same for both types of bikes. (对于这两种类型的自行车，许多安全建议是相同的)”讲述的是骑两种类型的自行车均需注意的规则。下文“Be sure your e-bike is ready to ride. (确保你的电动自行车已经准备好了)”讲述的是骑电动自行车的注意事项。结合选项，C项“And if you’re an e-bike rider, take notice of the following tips. (如果你是一个骑电动自行车的人，请注意以下建议)”承上启下，为下面几段的中心句。故选C。 18．上文“Be sure your e-bike is ready to ride. (确保你的电动自行车已经准备好了)”讲述的骑电车之前，确保电车是准备好的状态，且为中心句。结合选项，F项“For an e-bike, also make sure your battery is charged. (对于电动自行车，也要确保电池充满电)”讲述的是确保电池已充电,符合语境。故选F。 19．设空处应为本段中心句。下文中的““With the ability to go faster comes the responsibility to know when you should slow down,” says Ash Lovell, electric bicycle policy director at People for Bikes, a cyclist advocacy organization. (“有了骑得更快的能力，你就有责任知道什么时候应该减速，”自行车倡导组织“自行车人”的电动自行车政策主管阿什·洛弗尔说。)”可知，本段讲述电动车的速度。结合选项，B项“Be aware of your speed. (注意你的速度)”照应下文内容，应为中心句。故选B。 20．下文“Signs in those states may specify which types of bikes are allowed on which roads and paths. (这些州的标志可能会指定哪些类型的自行车允许在哪些道路和小径上行驶)”介绍一些州的制度。结合选项，G项“Thirty-six states have adopted a classification system for e-bikes. (36个州已经采用了电动自行车的分类制度)”与下文之间语意一致，且下文的“those states”指代G项中的“Thirty-six states”。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者通过看儿子练习发球，总结出对我们中的一些人来说，治愈最难的部分就是相信它是可能的，并自己亲身实践了这一观点。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们中的一些人来说，治愈最难的部分就是相信它是可能的。A. simple简单的；B. emotional情感的；C. hardest最硬的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文的“We need to believe healing can happen and picture it in our minds to see it in 6 ”可知，“我们”需要相信治愈是可以发生的，并在“我们”的脑海中描绘它，以便在现实中看到它，治愈最难的部分就是相信它是可能的。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我看着大儿子练习罚球。A. practice练习；B. display展示；C. release释放；D. enjoy享受。根据后文的“free throws. He made a dozen 3 through the net without a miss.”可知，儿子罚球时，射门了十几个球都没有打偏，儿子肯定是在练球。故选A项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他射门了十几个球都没有打偏。A. attempts尝试；B. shots射门；C. choices选择；D. adjustments调整。根据前文的“free throws”可知，他在练习射门。故选B项。 4．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我释放球之前，”他说，“我在脑海中看到它穿过球网。我在脑海中看到它，让它发生。”A. against反对；B. with与；C. for对于；D. through通过。根据前文的“through the net without a miss”可知，脑海中看到它穿过球网。故选D项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我突然想到，它们或许也适用于治疗。A. rely on依靠；B. apply to适用于；C. arise from产生于；D. respond to回应。根据前文的““Before I release the ball,” he said, “I see it in my mind going 4 the net. I see it in my mind to make it happen.” ”和后文的“We need to believe healing can happen and picture it in our minds to see it in 6 ”可知，“我”认为儿子的话也适用于患者的心理。故选B项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信治愈是可以发生的，并在我们的脑海中描绘它，以便在现实中看到它。A. reality现实；B. detail细节；C. turn转向；D. person人。根据前文的““Before I release the ball,” he said, “I see it in my mind going 4 the net. I see it in my mind to make it happen.” ”和“We need to believe healing can happen and picture it in our minds”可知，在我们的脑海中描绘后，现实中才有可能实现，才能在现实中看到描绘的结果。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：信念并不能保证我们所希望的结果。A. Imagination想象；B. Desire欲望；C. Belief信念；D. Dreaming梦想。根据后文的“doesn’t assure us of the outcome we hope for. But it sets us in motion to move toward desired”可知，信念会让我们朝着想要的方向前进，但是并不能保证我们所希望的结果。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它会让我们朝着想要的结果前进。A. outcome结果；B. prize奖品；C. career职业；D. option选项。根据前文的“We need to believe healing can happen and picture it in our minds to see it ”和“But it sets us in motion to move toward desired”可知，信念会让我们朝着想要的结果前进。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年我做了脚踝骨折的手术，在轮椅上坐了8个星期。A. hand手；B. ankle脚踝；C. wrist手腕；D. arm手臂。根据后文的“spent eight weeks in a wheelchair”可知，我脚部受伤。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这八周结束时，我希望能重新开始走路。A. promised答应；B. planned计划；C. longed渴望；D. expected预期。根据前文的“Last year I had surgery for a broken 9 and spent eight weeks in a wheelchair.”和“start walking again”可知，做了脚踝骨折的手术后，“我”希望能重新开始走路。故选D项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有发生。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Additionally另外；D. However然而。根据前文的“I 10 to start walking again.”和后文“that didn’t happen”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，故用However。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始接受物理治疗。A. strength强度；B. beauty美丽；C. therapy治疗；D. examination检查。根据前文的“At the end of those eight weeks, I 10 to start walking again. 11, that didn’t happen.”可知，“我”没能重新开始走路，需要接受物理治疗。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信它会有帮助，所以就在我似乎再也不能像以前那样走路的时候，我还是坚持了下来。A. walk步行；B. live 生活；C. wish希望；D. recover恢复。根据前文的“At the end of those eight weeks, I 10 to start walking again. 11, that didn’t happen.”和后文“again as I did before”可知，“我”像以前那样走路。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当希望渺茫时，信念照亮道路，使一切成为可能。A. feels感觉；B. lights点燃；C. forces强迫；D. clears清除。根据前文的“When hope grows dim(暗淡的), belief ”和后文“the way”可知，信念照亮道路。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要相信治愈是可能的。A. success成功；B. improvement改进；C. healing愈合；D. breakthrough重大进展。根据前文的“We need to believe healing can happen and picture it in our minds”可知，“我们”要相信治愈是可能的，才会有可能治愈。故选C项。
【答案】1. was chosen 2. arranged 3. that 4. diversity 5. submitting 6. where 7. Adorable 8. officially 9. to increase 10. a 【详解】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了北京冬奥会冰墩墩的基本介绍。 1. 考查时态和语态。句意：在北京2022年奥组委组织的全球竞赛拉开帷幕后，冰墩墩的吉祥物设计是从来自中国和全球35个国家的5800多份参赛作品中选出的。分析句子成分可知，此处为谓语动词。主语The mascot design和动词choose之间形成动宾关系，且为过去发生的事实，故一般过去时的被动。故填was chosen。 2. 考查过去分词。句意：在北京2022年奥组委组织的全球竞赛拉开帷幕后，冰墩墩的吉祥物设计是从来自中国和全球35个国家的5800多份参赛作品中选出的。此处为非谓语动词，这里a global competition和非谓语动词arrange之间形成动宾关系，用过去分词短语做后置定语修饰a global competition。故填arranged。 3. 考查代词。句意：据委员会称，设计提案的数量几乎是2008年奥运会的三倍。此处that 代替上文的 the number，表示特指。故填that。 4. 考查名词。句意：“有很多多样性，从小孩到专业人士，每个人都提交了提案。” 国际奥委会所在的瑞士艺术与设计大学主任亚历克西斯说。a lot of空后跟名词，所以填入不可数名词diversity“多样性”来做句子主语。填diversity。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“有很多多样性，从小孩到专业人士，每个人都提交了提案。” 国际奥委会所在的瑞士艺术与设计大学主任亚历克西斯说。此处little children to professionals和动词submit之间形成主动关系， with 复合结构中用现在分词作宾补。故填submitting。 6. 考查关系副词。句意：“有很多多样性，从小孩到专业人士，每个人都提交了提案。” 国际奥委会所在的瑞士艺术与设计大学主任亚历克西斯说。此处用关系副词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Switzerland在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7. 考查形容词。句意：为了让冰墩墩看起来很可爱，设计团队使用了熊猫宝宝的形象。空处位于系动词look后，形容词作表语。adorable“可爱的”。故填adorable。 8. 考查副词。句意：事实上，冰墩墩毛绒玩具已经变得如此受欢迎，以至于它们在官方授权的在线和实体店都缺货。用副词修饰过去分词，officially licensed“官方授权的”。故填officially。 9. 考查不定式。句意：一位发言人表示，他们正在与相关部门协商，以增加冰墩墩的供应。根据句意可知，此处表达“来增加冰墩墩的供应”，所以此处用不定式表目的。故填to increase。 10. 考查冠词。句意：据中国中央电视台报道，周六，摩纳哥亲王阿尔贝二世在北京人民大会堂收到了冰墩墩的塑像，并询问是否可以再拥有一个，因为他有双胞胎。根据句意可知，此处表示“再一个、又一个”。不定冠词+序数词表示“再一、又一”。故填a。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【13】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习)
It’s that time of year, again, somehow time for the list of UK LEGO events of this year 2023. Here is a rough guide.
Discovery Brick Show
Date:30th, April-1st, May
Place: Discovery Museum
Description: This LEGO show in central Newcastle returns, with LEGO models from builders across the UK, activities and a marketplace for LEGO-lovers.
Cost: Some free activities; entry to the marketplace requires a paid ticket.
Thirsk Brick Show
Date:12th February
Place: Thirsk& Sowerby Town Hall
Description: A small LEGO show in this town hall, back for its third year. The money that is made from the show goes to an aged care centre in the town. LEGO displays and some activities.
Cost: A small entry fee in aid of charity.
Hull Brick Festival
Date:13th-14th August
Place: Guildhall
Description: This show is in its seventh year and this time it’s in town for the whole weekend! Awesome
LEGO creations from the best builders in the UK, fun activities plus several specialist
LEGO traders with everything from new bargain sets, loose bricks to custom accessories.
Cost: Free entry; ticket booking is recommended.
Caterham Model Show
Date:17th September
Place: Sacred Heart Centenary Hall
Description: This remarkable LEGO and model show is back again this year. LEGO as well as non-LEGO displays, activities and traders who buy and sell a lot of unique LEGO creations.
Cost: Paid tickets are required for entry; see the event page for details.
1. Whose profits will be used to help people in need
A. Discovery Brick Show’s. B. Thirsk Brick Show’s.
C. Hull Brick Festival’s. D. Caterham Model Show’s.
2. Where will a free but ticketed LEGO event be hosted
A. In Discovery Museum. B. In Thirsk& Sowerby Town Hall.
C. In Guildhall. D. In Sacred Heart Centenary Hall.
3. What do the four events have in common
A. They have been held before. B. They are aimed at selling LEGO models.
C. They have their marketplace. D. They include some non-LEGO activities.
B
(2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模)
My mother-in-law asked me to climb a mountain in her rural village. We went through tall and weedy expanse of grass, pulling ourselves up with the help of smooth bamboo trees. Weathered gray rocks dotted tracks only visible to an experienced hiker. The view we were rewarded with halfway up the mountain, fixing our eyes upon the colorful pieces of fields and whitewashed homes set against the deep green hills and a sky so blue that it looked digitally polished, was a side benefit of being there.
Our eyes were mostly on the wild eatable plants that grew on the mountainside. We first came upon the wild mountain bamboo, a plant that was the main part in my mother-in-law’s salted bamboo shoots that, once preserved, could be used all year long in cooking. Along the way, we also encountered another precious wild food — fiddlehead ferns (蕨菜). Those delicate leaves, when stir-fired, were a tasty treat. Once I had purchased fiddleheads at a market in the US. Yet there we were, picking this prized vegetable on our own, with only our labor as the cost.
What we had collected that afternoon looked the same as any other wild mountain bamboo shoots and fiddlehead ferns I had seen before in my mother-in-law’s kitchen. And yet, they felt different to me because I had used my own hands to help pick them and carry them back down the mountain. Spending time and energy gathering these wild plants gave me a deeper appreciation for the food that ends up on the dinner table.
“Many generations have kept this natural lifestyle. We depend on the mountains for our life,” my mother-in-law says. Those mountains and rivers supporting her life aren’t some abstract concept. They are right there, outside her door and within her rural village. Once I saw them through her angle that afternoon, I realized they are closer to me than I ever imagined.
4. Why was the author asked to climb a mountain
A. To pull some bamboo trees. B. To enjoy its beautiful scenery.
C. To get some wild vegetables. D. To lake some digital pictures.
5. What made the picked fiddlehead ferns different
A. The fresh leaves. B. The input of labor. C. The rich nutrition. D. The help from Mother-in-law.
6. What does the author want to show by quoting her mother-in-law
A. Nature feeds villagers and sustains their life. B. City people want to settle down in mountains.
C. Rural areas are inaccessible to some outsiders. D. Farmers dream of changing the natural lifestyle.
7. How does the author sound when telling the story
A. Humorous. B. Anxious. C. Satisfied. D. Tolerant.
C
（202·黑龙江·肇州二中高三试题）
Finding a mask which offers you a high protection level is crucial to filtering (过滤) out any particles for a long time. However, after a few hours, the mask becomes contaminated (污染) by the particles and you need to replace it with a new one. See, you have to get a mask offering active protection in addition to passive filtration.
The first rule of a mask offering you any kind of protection is that it needs to fit well. The mask also needs to be comfortable and allow you to breathe easily for you to be able to keep it on for as many hours as you need.
During long hours of wear, food and dirt may remain on the inside of your mask. All the hours spent in a place with less-than-ideal conditions for human health are wonderful news for bacteria that thrive on food particles and muck left behind on the inside of your mask. This growth opportunity for bacteria could not just be dangerous but could also cause a bad smell. So you’d better have a kind that kills off the smell-causing bacteria, leaving your mask smelling fresh.
You should look for cloth masks that have multiple layers of breathable fabric that is tightly woven, include a robust (结实的) nose wire for you to adjust the mask to the shape of your face and prevent air escaping from around your nose, do not have gaps around the nose or sides of the face and that block out the light if you hold the mask up to a bright light source. It is good for the mask to come with your choice of either head straps or ear straps, both adjustable. It is also good if the mask has different sizes ranging from kids to adults to ensure everyone stays protected.
8．What is most important about a mask according to the first paragraph
A．Offering passive filtration.
B．Offering active protection.
C．Working for long hours.
D．Filtering out all particles.
9．Why should a mask have a robust nose wire
A．To shape your face.
B．To block out the light.
C．To offer different sizes ranging from kids to adults.
D．For you to adjust the shape and prevent air escaping.
10．Which of the following can’t be adjusted
A．The size. B．The ear strap.
C．The nose wire. D．The head strap.
11．Whom is the passage intended for
A．Kids. B．Doctors.
C．Citizens. D．Mask makers.
D
（2024·湖南岳阳·校考期末）
I grew up in a home with a mother who believes that vaccines cause brain damage, and do not contribute to the health and safety of a society. The only shot I received was for tetanus when I was two months old. After that, nothing.
At the beginning of each school year, I was very nervous. Delayed term paper Mischievous behavior Late for school None of them. I'd be pulled out of class and brought to the headmaster's office. The school doctor would tell me I haven' received any of the necessary shots to attend school. But the same thing occurred each time: my mom would exempt me from the shots and nothing would happen.
After doing a lot of research, I found although people who don't vaccinate their children make up only a relatively small group, they can cause major consequences. People who, for health or age reasons, cannot receive vaccines are at a higher risk of catching a preventable disease.
Eventually, I turned 18. In Ohio, where I live, I had to wait until I became a legal adult to make the decision to receive vaccine shots. A huge factor in taking the step to ensure my health was the message board website Reddit. Last November, I asked Reddit users for advice about what vaccines to ask for and how to go about getting them from a doctor. After my post reeve more than 1,000 comments, I made an appointment with my family physician. Despite how strongly my mother felt, I went through with it anyway.
I did something every person should do. It wasn't special in any way. Vaccines protect the health and safety of not only yourself but also other people. Vaccination is important because someone could die if you don' t get vaccinated. This was the biggest reason I got vaccinated despite the opposition.
12．What do we know about the author from Paragraph 1
A．He was born disabled. B．He was hardly ever vaccinated.
C．He suffered a lot from tetanus. D．He grew up with his single mother.
13．What made the author nervous at the beginning of each school year
A．He was late for school.
B．He didn't behave himself.
C．He couldn't hand in his term paper on time.
D．He would be called to the headmaster's office.
14．How might the author's mother have felt about his appointment with the family physician
A．Annoyed B．Grateful C．Excited D．Guilty
15．What does the author mainly want to tell us through his story
A．Listening to your mother pays off. B．Doing the right thing matters.
C．Keeping fit is the best policy. D．Asking for advice helps.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·湖北襄阳·襄阳四中校考模拟预测）
You don’t need to be an astronomer with a giant telescope to enjoy a simple but spellbinding activity: stargazing. 16 It’s so interesting to discover what’s going on. With a bit of practice, and know-how from books and websites, stargazers can spot particular stars and also groups of stars.
There is plenty to take in using just your eyes but some people use a telescope for a more detailed look. For the best results, choose a clear night when the moon is not very bright. 17
It can be harder to see the stars in towns and cities. It is because of light pollution. The night sky is brightened by light from street lamps, shops and car headlights. The best places for stargazing are open, hilly areas or the coast. 18 It is our home galaxy stretching across the night sky and is best seen in summer and fall evening skies. If the full moon is up, it will be hard to see. Try going for a night hike instead! Let your eyes adjust to the moonlight and keep your flashlight turned off.
19 That is camping in a national park under a star-filled sky. Many national parks offer various night sky programs, from telescope astronomy events to full moon walks with rangers. Besides, national parks are also great places to know about the animals that are awake at night and asleep during the day. Sit quietly and listen for these creatures.
When you head out at night, always go with an adult. Dress warmly and take a blanket or a chair to sit on, plus a hot drink to warm you up. You might want to take a camera with you as well, so you can take a photo if you see something amazing in the sky. A whole new world comes alive at night and is waiting to be explored. 20
A. Get prepared for the wonder above.
B. Just go outside at night and look up.
C. You are supposed to avoid the full moon.
D. It also matters which direction you observe.
E. In these places, you can look for the Milky Way.
F. What is the better way to experience the great wonder
G. Where do you prefer to have a stargazing trip at night
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河北·部分高中高三上学期1月期末）
A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he 1 with great care.
The girl was 2 by a plant full of delicate flowers. She approached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 3 that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽). She could not tolerate the 4 of dirt with such fantastic flowers.
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She 5 the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its 6 in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant on a clean stone and went away, proud that she had done a great 7 .
Later the little daughter ran over, followed by her father, to 8 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reported 9 .
To spot the uprooted plant, which had lain 10 in the baking sun, the father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best 11 to grow that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes 12 soil for each plant. 13 , God provides each of us with the best 14 required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth. But it may appear to be 15 and we may even complain to God about our difficulty.
1．A．attended to B．brought up C．weeded out D．fed on
2．A．caught B．attracted C．attacked D．shocked
3．A．recalled B．noted C．recognized D．concluded
4．A．iformation B．presentation C．presence D．composition
5．A．held B．picked C．pulled D．removed
6．A．flowers B．branches C．leaves D．roots
7．A．deed B．deal C．operation D．project
8．A．confirm B．exhibit C．evaluate D．celebrate
9．A．innocently B．distantly C．decisively D．thoughtlessly
10．A．burning B．bathing C．breathing D．dying
11．A．shelter B．medicine C．medium D．venue
12．A．right B．same C．dirty D．loose
13．A．Moreover B．Likewise C．Rather D．Nevertheless
14．A．environment B．mode C．neighborhood D．opportunity
15．A．invisible B．disorganized C．improper D．unpleasant
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测)
Liangzhu Museum displays various burial objects found in the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The ruins have gained worldwide recognition 1 evidence for the existence of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization.
When Zhang Han set foot inside Liangzhu Museum, the 10-year-old embarked on a tour that took him back more than 5,000 years. Wearing the smart glasses, Zhang 2 (present) with virtual images of relics. Augmented reality glasses feature among a string of measures taken by the museum to give visitors a more vivid experience of Liangzhu civilization, while 3 (help) them gain a better appreciation of Chinese culture.
Tourists can also visit the official website of Liangzhu Museum to enjoy a virtual tour. With 4 click of the mouse, they can gain access to exhibition halls that they may never be able to visit 5 (physical).
6 (advance) technologies are increasingly playing a major role in Chinese museums. In the northwestern Chinese city of Dunhuang, 7 is known for the UNESCO World Heritage Site Mogao Grottoes, the “digital Dunhuang project” has made extensive use of digitalization. By the end of 2021, it 8 (complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes, the image processing of 164 grottoes, and so on.
The 9 (protect) and revival of Dunhuang’s ancient culture is not an isolated case in China. The Yungang Grottoes in Shanxi province also have 3D “digital archives”, which allow precious cultural relics and historical archives 10 (preserve) permanently.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要列举了 2023 年英国 LEGO 活动的情况。 细节理解题。根据 Thirsk Brick Show 部分中的“The money that is made from the show goes to an aged care centre in the town. (从节目中赚到的钱流向了镇上的一家老年护理中心。)”可知，该活动中表演的收入帮助一家老年护理中心，由此可知利润用来帮助需要帮助的人的活动是 Thirsk Brick Show’s。故选 B 项。 细节理解题。根据 Hull Brick Festival 部分中的“Cost: Free entry; ticket booking is recommended. (费用：免费入场；建议订票。)”以及“Place: Guildhall(地点：Guildhall)”可知，该活动是免费但有售票的 LEGO 活动，在 Guildhall 举行。故选 C 项。 推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s that time of year, again, somehow time for the list of UK LEGO events of this year 2023. Here is a rough guide.(又到了一年中的那个时候，不知何故，是时候列出 2023 年英国乐高活动清单了。这是一个粗略的指南。)”中的 again 可知，英国 LEGO 活动以前举行过。故选 A 项。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者跟随婆婆去爬山，以采摘野生的蔬菜。从这次经历中，作者对 餐桌上的食物有了更加深刻的认识，并感受到了大自然的博大。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our eyes were mostly on the wild eatable plants that grew on the mountainside. (我 们的目光主要集中在山坡上生长的野生可食用植物上)”可知，作者被邀请爬山是要去采摘野生蔬菜。故选C 项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Along the way, we also encountered another precious wild food — fiddlehead ferns (蕨菜). Those delicate leaves, when stir-fired, were a tasty treat. Once I had purchased fiddleheads at a market in the US. Yet there we were, picking this prized vegetable on our own, with only our labor as the cost.(一路上，我们 还遇到了另一种珍贵的野生食物——菜蕨。那些娇嫩的叶子，一炒就是一道美味佳肴。有一次，我在美国 的一个市场上买了菜蕨。然而，我们就在那里，独自采摘这种珍贵的蔬菜，只需要我们的劳动力作为成本)” 可知，让采摘的蕨菜与众不同的是劳动力的投入，故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Many generations have kept this natural lifestyle. We depend on the mountains for our life,” my mother-in-law says. (“许多代人都保持着这种自然的生活方式。我们的生活依赖于山，”我的婆婆 说)”可推知，作者引用婆婆的话是要表达大自然养活了村民，维持了他们的生活。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Spending time and energy gathering these wild plants gave me a deeper appreciation for the food that ends up on the dinner table.(花时间和精力收集这些野生植物让我对餐桌上的食物 有了更深刻的认识)”以及最后一段“Once I saw them through her angle that afternoon, I realized they are closer to me than I ever imagined.(那天下午，当我从她的角度看到它们时，我意识到它们比我想象的更靠近我)”可推知，作者在讲这个故事时听起来很满足。故选C项。
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挑选口罩的方法。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Finding a mask which offers you a high protection level is crucial to filtering (过滤) out any particles for a long time.” (找到一个能提供高防护等级的口罩对于长时间过滤掉任何颗粒至关重要。)可知，口罩能提供有效的保护是很重要的。故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据最后一段“You should look for cloth masks that have multiple layers of breathable fabric that is tightly woven, include a robust (结实的) nose wire for you to adjust the mask to the shape of your face and prevent air escaping from around your nose, do not have gaps around the nose or sides of the face and that block out the light if you hold the mask up to a bright light source. (你应该选择有多层紧密编织的透气织物的布口罩，包括一个坚固的鼻线，你可以根据你的脸型调整口罩，防止空气从你的鼻子周围逸出，鼻子周围或脸两侧没有缝隙，如果你把口罩举到明亮的光源前，它会挡住光线。) ”可知，口罩需要坚固的鼻绳来紧贴鼻子，防止气体流出。故选D项。 10．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is also good if the mask has different sizes ranging from kids to adults to ensure everyone stays protected. (如果口罩的尺寸从儿童到成人不等，以确保每个人都得到保护，这也是很好的。)”可知，口罩的大小不能调整。故选A项。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段“Finding a mask which offers you a high protection level is crucial to filtering (过滤) out any particles for a long time. However, after a few hours, the mask becomes contaminated (污染) by the particles and you need to replace it with a new one. See, you have to get a mask offering active protection in addition to passive filtration. (找到一个能提供高防护等级的口罩对于长时间过滤掉任何颗粒至关重要。然而，几个小时后，口罩会被颗粒污染，你需要更换一个新的口罩。你得有一个除了被动过滤之外还能提供主动保护的口罩。)”可知，本文主要介绍了挑选口罩对抗污染的方法，故其目标读者是所有市民。故选C项。
【答案】12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己接种疫苗的经历告诉读者：疫苗不仅保护你自己，而且保护其他人的健康和安全。接种疫苗很重要，因为如果你不接种，有人可能会死。这也是作者不顾反对接种疫苗的最大原因。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The school doctor would tell me I hadn’t received any of the necessary shots to attend school.(学校的医生会告诉我，我没有接受过任何必要的上学必须要进行的接种)”可知，学期初作者被叫到校长办公室是因为他几乎从来没有接种过疫苗。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At the beginning of each school year, I was very nervous. Delayed term paper Mischievous behavior Late for school None of them. I'd be pulled out of class and brought to the headmaster's office.(每学年开始的时候，我都很紧张。推迟了学期论文吗？淘气的行为？上学迟到吗？一个都不是。我会被拉出教室，带到校长办公室)”可知，作者将被叫到校长办公室，让作者在每学年开始时感到紧张。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite how strongly my mother felt, I went through with it anyway.(不管我妈妈强烈反对，我还是坚持了下来)”可推知，妈妈对于作者与家庭医生的约会感动恼怒。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I did something every person should do.(我做了每个人都应该做的事情)”和以及下文“Vaccines protect the health and safety of not only yourself but also other people. Vaccination is important because someone could die if you don’t get vaccinated.(疫苗不仅保护你自己，而且保护其他人的健康和安全。接种疫苗很重要，因为如果你不接种，有人可能会死)”可推断，作者通过他的经历告诉我们做正确的事情，对己对人都有好处。故选B。
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了观星这一简单但引人入胜的活动，并就如何更好地观星给出建议。 16. 上文“You don’t need to be an astronomer with a giant telescope to enjoy a simple but spellbinding activity: stargazing.(你不需要是一个拥有巨大望远镜的天文学家，就可以享受一项简单但引人入胜的活动：观星)”说明想要享受观星这一活动不需要有巨大的望远镜，它很简单，B项“晚上出去抬头看看就好了。”介绍观星的简单方法，承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 17. 上文“For the best results, choose a clear night when the moon is not very bright.(为了获得最佳效果，请选择一个月亮不太亮的晴朗夜晚)”说明观星时，夜晚的月亮不要太亮，C项“你应该避开满月。”承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 18. 上文“The best places for stargazing are open, hilly areas or the coast.(观星的最佳地点是开阔的丘陵地区或海岸)”说明观星的最佳地点，以及下文“It is our home galaxy stretching across the night sky and is best seen in summer and fall evening skies.(它是我们的银河系，横跨夜空，在夏季和秋季的夜空中最为明显)”介绍银河系的相关信息，E项中the Milky Way表示“银河系”，是关键词，E项“在这些地方，你可以寻找银河系。”承上启下，“these places”代指上文提到的“open, hilly areas or the coast.”。故选E。 19. 下文“That is camping in a national park under a star-filled sky.(那就是在星空下的国家公园里露营)”说明体验观星的最好方式就是在星空下的国家公园里露营，F项“体验这一伟大奇迹的更好方式是什么？”提出问题，引出下文的答案，符合题意，和下文构成一问一答。故选F。 20. 上文“You might want to take a camera with you as well, so you can take a photo if you see something amazing in the sky. A whole new world comes alive at night and is waiting to be explored. (你可能也想带上相机，这样如果你在天空中看到了令人惊叹的东西，你就可以拍张照片了。一个全新的世界在夜晚活跃起来，等待着探索)”介绍为观星这一活动所做的准备，A项中prepared是关键词，A项“为上空的奇迹做好准备。”承接上文，符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了女孩被家里一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引，但是她发现这颗植物生长在污秽中，于是将植物连根拔起，并冲洗了根部的泥土，这导致了植物死掉了，女孩的父亲告诉女孩污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。文章由此告诉我们，好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合适合的土壤，同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境，虽然成长过程中有一些令人不愉快的困难，但这些苦难会帮助我们成长。 1．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她的父亲收藏了大量稀有珍贵的植物，并精心照料。A. attended to照料；B. brought up抚养；C. weeded out清除；D. fed on喂养。由上文“Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants”可知，女孩的父亲收藏了大量稀有珍贵的植物，这说明他很喜欢这些植物，所以会精心照料这些植物，故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A. caught抓住；B. attracted吸引；C. attacked攻击；D. shocked使震惊。由下文“She approached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，女孩走近一株开满娇嫩花朵，欣赏它的美丽，这说明女孩被这一株开满娇嫩花朵所吸引，故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然她注意到那棵植物在一堆污物中。A. recalled回想；B. noted注意；C. recognized识别；D. concluded总结。下文“that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽)”和上文提到女孩正在欣赏一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物，这时她突然注意到那棵植物在一堆污物中，故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她无法忍受如此美妙的花朵上有泥土的存在。A. iformation信息；B. presentation仪式，报告；C. presence出席，存在；D. composition作曲。由上文“the plant was in a pile of filth”提到的这株植物生长在一堆污物中可知，这个花朵上存有泥土，故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来，用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部，直到所有污垢都被冲走。A. held举办；B. picked挑选；C. pulled拉，拔；D. removed移除。由下文“plant with all her might from the dirt”和上文提到的“She worked out a plan to clean the plant.”女孩要清洗这株植物可知，她先将这株植物从泥土中拔出来，故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用尽全力把植物从泥土中拔出来，用流动的自来水冲洗它的根部，直到所有污垢都被冲走。A. flowers花朵；B. branches树枝；C. leaves叶子；D. roots根。由下文“To spot the uprooted plant, which had lain ________ in the baking sun, the father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best ________to grow that plant.”提到的女孩的父亲告诉女孩污秽的土壤是植物生长的最佳环境，由此可知，女孩应该是把根部的泥土冲洗干净了，这导致了植物的死亡，故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把植物放在一块干净的石头上，然后离开，她为自己做了一件伟大的事而感到自豪。A. deed行为；B. deal交易；C. operation手术；D. project项目。由上文“She ________ the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its________ in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away.”可知，此处指女孩将这株植物拔起来冲洗它根部的这种行为，故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来小女儿将父亲喊过来，向他展示她的成就。A. confirm确认；B. exhibit展示；C. evaluate评估；D. celebrate庆祝。由下文““I have cleaned it, Daddy,””可知，小女孩告诉父亲自己将这株植物清洗赶紧了，这是在向她父亲展示她的成果，故选B。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我已经把它清理干净了，爸爸。”她天真地报告道。A. innocently无罪地；天真地；B. distantly遥远地；C. decisively果断地；D. thoughtlessly草率地。由上文““I have cleaned it, Daddy,””和上文提到小女孩将父亲喊过来，向他展示她清洗这株植物根部的成果可知，女孩很天真地以为自己做了一件好事，故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让她了解那棵在烈日下垂死的被连根拔起的植物，父亲向她展示了她对待这款植物的方式几乎杀死了这棵植物，并告诉她污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。A. burning燃烧；B. bathing洗澡；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying死亡。由下文“Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.”可知，这株植物死掉了，故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让她了解那棵在烈日下垂死的被连根拔起的植物，父亲向她展示了她对待这款植物的方式几乎杀死了这棵植物，并告诉她污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。A. shelter避难所；B. medicine药；C. medium媒体，环境；D. venue地点。由上文“the filthy soil was the best”和常识可知，污秽的土壤对植物成长有利，即污秽的土壤是生长该植物的最佳环境。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伟大的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A. right正确的，合适的；B. same同样的；C. dirty脏的；D. loose松的。由下文“God provides each of us with the best”和常识可知，好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。故选A。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. Moreover此外；B. Likewise同样地；C. Rather而不是；D. Nevertheless然而。下文“God provides each of us with the best _________ required for optimum (最佳) spiritual growth.”和上文“A great gardener mixes ________soil for each plant.”表示相似的情况，应用likewise，表示“同样地”，故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境。A. environment环境；B. mode模式；C. neighborhood邻居；D. opportunity机会。上文“the filthy soil was the best________ to grow that plant.”提到污秽的土壤是生长植物的最佳环境，结合上文提到好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合合适的土壤可知，好的园丁应该会为每种植物混合适合的土壤，即为它们提供所需的生长环境，同样，上帝为我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境，故选A。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这可能看起来不愉快，我们甚至可能向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disorganized没有秩序的；C. improper不合适的；D. unpleasant令人不快的。由下文“we may even complain to God about our difficulty.”和上文提到的上帝我们每个人提供了精神成长所需的最佳环境，就像植物生长多需要的污秽一样，由此可知，我们的精神成长也需要一些困难，这可能看起来不愉快，但是会对我们的成长有好处，故选D。
【答案】1. as 2. was presented 3. helping 4. a 5. physically 6.Advanced 7. which 8. had completed 9. Protection 10. to be preserved 【详解】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了良渚博物馆和现代技术相结合，让游客可以在虚拟的世界中了 解中国文化。 1. 考查介词。句意：这片废墟已被世界公认为至少5000年中国文明存在的证据。根据“evidence for the existence of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization”可知，这片废墟作为中国文明存在 5000 年的证据被世界认可，所以空处需要介词as“作为”。故填as。 2. 考查时态语态。句意：戴着智能眼镜，张看到了文物的虚拟图像。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓 语动词。根据语境可知，句子为一般过去时态，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，故空处为一般过去时态的被 动语态，主语为单数。故填was presented。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆采取了一系列措施，让游客更生动地体验良渚文明，同时帮助他们更好 地了解中国文化，其中包括增强现实眼镜。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，该动词和逻辑 主句the museum之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填helping。 4. 考查冠词。句意：只需点击鼠标，他们就可以进入他们可能永远无法实际参观的展厅。a click of“点击……”。 故填a。 5. 考查副词。句意：只需点击鼠标，他们就可以进入他们可能永远无法实际参观的展厅。分析句子结构可 知，空处需要副词修饰动词visit。故填physically。 6. 考查形容词。句意：先进技术在中国博物馆中扮演着越来越重要的角色。空处修饰后面的名词，需要形 容词作定语。advance的形容词是advanced“先进的”，首字母大写。故填Advanced。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：在以联合国教科文组织世界遗产莫高窟而闻名的中国西北部城市敦煌，“数字敦煌项目”广泛利用了数字化。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Dunhuang，先行词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，先行词为物，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 8. 考查时态。句意：截至2021年底，已完成268座石窟的数字化采集、164座石窟图像处理等工作。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“Bytheendof2021”可知，句子为过去完成时态。故填had completed。 9. 考查名词。句意：敦煌古代文化的保护和复兴在中国并不是一个孤立的案例。空处应填名词和revival并列作主语，protection“保护”是不可数名词。故填revival。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：山西省云冈石窟也有3D“数字档案”，可以永久保存珍贵的文物和历史档案。 allow sb./sth. to do“允许某人做某事”，且“cultural relics and historical archives”和“preserve”之间是被动关系， 应用不定式的被动式。故填to be preserved。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【14】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·广东珠海·高三珠海市第一中学校考阶段练习)
February half-term is fast approaching, and now is the time to start organizing your week off if you’re aiming for a quick and cheap getaway anywhere but home.
1. Shard London stay, ￡181 for a family of 4
Get a whole new perspective on the capital with Superbreak’s View from the Shard package. On Level 72, the highest public level of The Shard, visitors will have the chance to try out the most breathtaking experience, as they are exposed to the elements and sounds of the city beneath.
2. Dublin countryside, ￡198 per adult, kids stay free and free breakfast
Dublin is a great city for kids, with both fun and educational visits from the Leprechaun Museum to the Dublin Writers Museum. In a hillside position overlooking Dublin Bay and dating back to 1740, Fitzpatrick Castle Hotel is an affordable choice for a half term break by car with Irish Ferries.
3. Woolacombe Bay, Devon, ￡220 for a family of 6
Woolacombe Bay Holiday Parks in Devon is highlighting a wealth of deals at February half-term including four-night midweek stays-from 15 February-at ￡220 for a family of six.
The package includes accommodation in a model Bronze caravan (活动房屋) holiday home, sleeping up to six and with heating in the lounge and bedrooms, plus private car parking.
Free indoor all-weather facilities include a heated swimming pool, children’s play areas, a cinema, clubs for youngsters and entertainment.
4. Northumberland castle, ￡99.50 per adult, kids go free
Take your children to a 14 century Northumberland castle this half term, and allow them to play prince or princess during a stop.
Luxurious Langley Castle, at Langley-on-Tyne, a short drive from Hexham, is ideal for families wishing to explore Hadrian’s Wall and discover life as a Roman, explore Hexham Abbey, or head off to Newcastle for shopping and visitor attractions.
Children will also love the daily Battlements Tour, which will take them right to the top of the castle, to look out towards Hadrian’s Wall and across Langley’s grounds.
1. Where can visitor go if they want their kids to have both fun and educational visits
A. Shard London stay. B. Woolacombe Bay.
C. Northumberland castle. D. Dublin countryside.
2. What is special about visiting Woolacombe Bay, Devon
A. There are free indoor all-weather facilities. B. Kids can have the most breathtaking experience.
C. Kids can play prince and princess. D. It can provide tasty and free breakfast.
3. How much will a couple with two kids pay if they visit Northumberland castle
A. ￡99.5. B. ￡199. C. ￡398. D. ￡298.5.
B
（2023·江苏淮安·高三江苏省淮安中学校考期末）
At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.
More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison’s blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967.
“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. “I’d keep going if they let me,” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health.
Harrison’s retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.
4．Why did James Harrison decide to donate blood as regularly as he could
A．Because he wanted to be a celebrity.
B．Because he was saved by the blood donations when he was young.
C．Because his blood is valuable.
D．Because the Rh treatment program in Australia need him.
5．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3
A．Robyn Barlow was sad because millions of babies suffer from blood disease.
B．Robyn Barlow was worried because Harrison may die of losing too much blood.
C．Robyn Barlow was moved by Harrison’s donations.
D．Robyn Barlow was frightened by Harrison’s crazy behavior.
6．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Harrison’s retirement will not affect the Rh program.
B．After Harrison’s retirement, the Rh program will fail.
C．Harrison’s influence to the Rh program will still exist after his retirement.
D．A library has been built for the study of Harrison’s DNA .
7．Which word can best describe Harrison
A．Patient. B．Diligent.
C．Talented. D．Devoted.
C
（2023·广东深圳·统考一模）
When put to tests, bees have long proved that they’ve got a lot more to offer than pollinating (授粉) , making honey and being loyal to a queen. The hard-working insects can change their behavior when things seem difficult, and now some scientists find there is proof that they also like to play.
Scientists from Queen Mary University of London performed an experiment, in which they set up a container that allowed bees to travel from their nest to a feeding area. But along the way, the bees could choose to pass through a separate section with some small wooden balls. Over 18 days, the scientists watched as the bees “went out of their way to roll wooden balls repeatedly, despite no apparent incentive (刺激)to do so. ”
Earlier studies have shown that the black and yellow bugs are willing to learn new tricks in exchange for food or other rewards. In this case, to get rid of external factors, scientists made sure the bees had adapted to their new home and that their environment was stress-free.
The finding suggests that like humans, insects also interact with objects as a form of play. Also similar to people, younger bees seem to be more playful than adult bees. “This research provides a strong indication that insect minds are far more complicated than we imagine. There are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment, but most examples come from young mammals (哺乳动物) and birds,” said Lars Chittka, a professor of sensory and behavioral ecology at Queen Mary University of London, who led the study.
The study’s first author, Samadi Galpay, who is a PhD student at Queen Mary University of London, states that it is more evident that bees may be capable of experiencing feelings. “They may actually experience some kind of positive emotional states, even if basic, like other larger animals do. This finding has effects on our understanding of the sense and welfare of insects, which, consequently, encourages us to respect and protect wildlife on Earth ever more,” she says.
8．What is the new finding about bees
A．They are fond of having fun.
B．They are faithful to the queen.
C．They are adaptable to changes.
D．They are skilled at rolling balls.
9．How did scientists remove external influences in the experiment
A．By teaching bees new tricks.
B．By rewarding bees with food.
C．By making bees feel at home.
D．By building new homes for bees.
10．What are Lars Chittka’s words mainly about
A．The forms of bees’ interaction.
B．The complexity of bees’ minds.
C．The examples of mammals’ play.
D．The purpose of mammals’ enjoyment.
11．What does Samadi Galpay say about the study result
A．It backs up prior understanding of insects.
B．It reveals reasons for bees’ positive feelings.
C．It drives research on animals’ emotional state.
D．It contributes to wildlife conservation on Earth.
D
(2023·湖南·高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习)
The streets, sidewalks and roofs of cities all absorb heat during the day, making some urban areas across the United States up to 6 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than rural ones during the day—and 22 degrees F hotter at night. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as the city heat spreads downward, beneath the surface. And basements, subway tunnels and other underground infrastructure also constantly bleed heat into the surrounding earth, creating hotspots. Now the underground heat is building up as the planet warms.
According to a new study of downtown Chicago, underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that emit the heat in the first place. Such temperature changes make the ground around them expand and contract (收缩) enough to cause potential damage. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says the study’s author Alessandro F. Rotta Loria, a civil and environmental engineer at Northwestern University.
The findings, published in Communications Engineering, expose a “silent hazard (危险)” to civil infrastructure in cities with soft er ground — especially those near water — Rotta Loria says. “There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize,” he adds. While not an immediate or direct danger to human lives, this previously unknown effect highlights the impacts of a lesser-known component of climate change.
Similar to climate change above the surface, these underground changes occur over long periods of time. “These effects took decades, a century, to develop,” Rotta Loria says, adding that elevated underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate (逐渐消失) on their own.
But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat. For example, water pipes could be installed to run through underground hotspots and pick up some of the heat energy.
12. What can we learn about the “urban heat islands”
A. They can develop underground structures. B. They are impacted by global warming.
C. They can destroy the ground around. D. They only exist in the United States.
13. Why does Alessandro F. Rotta Loria mention “silent hazard” in paragraph 3
A. To discuss structural issues. B. To categorize climate change.
C. To explain underground heat. D. To emphasize the neglected reality.
14. What will the author probably write about in the paragraph that follows
A. The future of tunnels and basements. B. The reusing approaches of heat energy.
C. The cost of maintaining structures. D. The evolution of underground environment.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Warming Underground, Weakening Surface B. A Silver Lining of Global Warming
C. Urban Silent Islands in the Making D. A Silent Crisis in Downtown Chicago
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·湖南常德·第一中学高三试题）
What exactly is the importance of teachers in the current educational landscape The last few years have witnessed the rise of education technology and online tutoring firms. 16 Such people, however, have completely ignored the one thing that makes studying in a proper classroom irreplaceable and that is the importance of teachers.
The internet has more information about any given topic than any one person can ever hope to possess. 17 Knowing that ‘tomato is a fruit’ is information, and not putting it in a fruit salad is wisdom. This example does a perfect job in illustrating just how important wisdom is in the day to day life. Books and the internet can give you information, but only a teacher can pass on wisdom. 18
Understanding the reason for the poor performance of a particular child and helping them overcome their weakness while also pushing the top performers to do better are things only a teacher can do.
You can develop the most amazing online tutoring platform and fill it with amazing and interesting videos but it is never enough. 19 But videos are made for a general audience. They can hardly be sufficient for the problems that students face in their life outside the classroom. Only teachers who have spent time with their students can guide the students in a way that can help them figure a way out of any problem they might be facing in their life.
20 While the list of reasons stating the importance of teachers is a bit too long to put in a single article, these two are sufficient to silence anyone who believes that going to school to be taught by proper teachers will soon become obsolete.
A．Wisdom, however, is something that it badly lacks.
B．Every single student is unique in his or her own way.
C．Teachers are also important in shaping the future of the youth.
D．On this point, the importance of teachers should never be understated.
E．Everything people can possibly learn is freely available on the internet.
F．Many argue that they might one day completely replace formal schooling.
G．These are just two ways that teachers have a massive impact on their students.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·山东潍坊·高三校考期末）
Patrick, Scheels store’s fishing manager, always helps customers with their angling (垂钓) needs, but one 1 stood out.
One day, a young boy named Xander entered the store with his mother, Brynn. Patrick noticed his eye were filled with 2 about the world of fishing. For nearly half an hour, they 3 their shared passion.
Brynn shared the 4 of Xander’s connection to angling, explaining, “My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never got to go fishing with him. So over the last year, he’s been 5 grandpa, wishing he could go fishing with him.”
6 by Xander’s longing for a connection to his late grandfather, Patrick decided to take action and 7 Xander his first fishing pole. “It was sixty dollars and he bought it with his own money,” Xander said. This 8 gesture brought tears to Brynn’s eyes, and she acknowleged that such acts of kindness aren’t 9 .
However, Patrick’s generosity didn’t 10 here. The 22-year-old fishing enthusiast went a step further by 11 a memorable fishing trip for Xander and his family. To 12 that Xander had an enriching experience, two professional anglers from Scheels 13 him on the trip, offering guidance and teaching him valuable skills.
Patrick’s kindness was 14 a breath of fresh air for Xander and his family, who described the fishing trip as a once-in-a-lifetime 15 . “I felt like it was my due diligence to pass on the good word of fishing,” Patrick said.
1．A．argument B．journey C．adventure D．encounter
2．A．curiosity B．nervousness C．concern D．regret
3．A．debated over B．bonded over C．stuck to D．turned to
4．A．wisdom B．evidence C．significance D．definition
5．A．missing B．blaming C．admiring D．persuading
6．A．Annoyed B．Touched C．Amused D．Surprised
7．A．gifted B．lent C．showed D．made
8．A．ambitious B．strange C．genuine D．urgent
9．A．practical B．avoidable C．secure D．common
10．A．root B．stop C．appear D．reach
11．A．recording B．postponing C．organizing D．canceling
12．A．reveal B．stress C．prove D．ensure
13．A．accompanied B．monitored C．assessed D．sponsored
14．A．possibly B．initially C．truly D．mainly
15．A．deal B．experience C．task D．performance
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·湖南·高三长郡中学校考阶段练习)
Recently, a video series named “Escape from the British Museum” has gone viral. As a three-episode series directed by two Chinese v-loggers, it tells the journey of 1 a Chinese jade teapot escapes from the British Museum and finds its own way back to China. Viewers were particularly moved by a scene where the little teapot 2 (exclaim) “Such a big cabinet is shared only by two people!” 3 arrival at the place of the journalist and his friend.
A few days ago, the British Museum claimed to be the victim of “cultural theft” 4 , if we look back to the history, is apparently what China has indeed suffered from. Statistics have shown that there are 5 (approximate) 23,000 Chinese relics in the British Museum, with about 2,000 of them on long-term display. These priceless relics, 6 (include) stone tools in the Neolithic period, colorful pottery from the Yang Shao culture, bronze artifacts in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, tri-colored glazed pottery of Tang and Song Dynasties, and enamels, involve nearly all 7 (art) categories. They are numbered and packed in glass cabinets so that their 8 (origin) are concealed.
It is reported that there are three common ways to retrieve lost Chinese cultural artifacts: purchase, donation, and demands. From 1949 to 2019, a total of 150,000 Chinese relics in over 300 batches 9 (recover). Recent years have seen more batches reclaimed thanks to 10 (combine) efforts. May all of our lost cultural treasures come back home soon!
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. D 2.A 3.B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个度假的好去处。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章中介绍“Northumberland castle”的句子“Dublin countryside, ￡198 per adult, kids stay free and free breakfast”中，Dublin is a great city for kids, with both fun and educational visits from the Leprechaun Museum to the Dublin Writers Museum.（都柏林是一个适合孩子们的城市，从 the Leprechaun Museum 到the Dublin Writers Museum 都有有趣和有教育意义的参观）”可知，如果游客想让他们的孩子去既 有趣又有教育意义的地方，Dublincountry side适合。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章中介绍“Woolacombe Bay,Devon”的句子“Free indoor all-weather facilities include a heated swimming pool, children's play areas, a cinema, clubs for youngsters and entertainment.（免费的室内全天 候设施包括恒温游泳池、儿童游乐区、电影院、青少年俱乐部和娱乐设施）”可知，此处特色是有免费的室 内全天候设施。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章在介绍“Northumberland castle”的信息“￡99.50peradult, kids go free（每位成人99.50 英镑，儿童免费）”可知，成人每人99.50，孩子免费，所以一对夫妇带着两个孩子要付99.50×2=199。故选 B项。
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．C 7．D 【分析】本文为记叙文。文章主要叙述Harrison因别人的献血挽救了自己的生命，因此决定18岁以后自己也参与献血。60年里他献血近1200次，他自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体，拯救了数百万婴儿。他的献血也促进了未来的澳大利亚抗D计划。 4．细节理解题。第一段“At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.” 14岁时，詹姆斯·哈里森做了一次大的胸部手术，手术后他需要13个加仑的血液。有人献血挽救了他的生命，于是他决定一旦年满18岁，就开始尽可能地定期献血。由此可推出，詹姆斯·哈里森决定尽可能地定期献血是因为他小的时有人献血挽救了他。故选B。 5．词句猜测题。根据划线部分的上句“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies...” 罗宾说“澳大利亚生产的每一瓶抗-D药物都含有詹姆斯的捐献，”Rh项目主管Robyn Barlow说，“这是一件了不起的事情。他救了数百万婴儿”。故划线句子“I cry just thinking about it”是说罗宾 巴洛为詹姆斯的献血而感动。分析选项可知C项（哈里森的捐款感动了罗宾·巴洛）符合题意，故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health.”可知，的医生说应该让詹姆斯·哈里森停止献血了。他们已经延长了他献血的年龄限制，现在为了保护他的健康，他们正在切断他的血液供应。最后一段“Harrison’s retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be difficult. But Harrison’s retirement from giving blood doesn’t mean he’s completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.” 詹姆斯·哈里森退休对澳大利亚的Rh治疗计划是一个打击。只有160名捐赠者支持这项计划，找到新的献血者是很困难的。但詹姆斯 哈里森退出献血并不意味着他完全退出了比赛。科学家们正在收集和编目他的DNA，以建立一个抗体和白细胞库，这可能是澳大利亚抗D计划的未来。由此可推断出詹姆斯 哈里森退出这个项目，但却促进了科学家收集和编目他的DNA，将要建立一个抗D和白细胞库。由此可推断出哈里森退休后对Rh项目还有影响。分析选项可知C项（哈里森退休后对Rh项目的影响仍然存在）符合题意，故选C。 7．推理判断题。本文主要叙述是Harrison因别人的献血挽救了自己的生命，因此决定18岁以后自己也参与献血。60年里他献血近1200次，他自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体，拯救了数百万婴儿。他的献血精神就是一种奉献精神，挽救了许多人，更感动了许多。文章中献血（即对他人的奉献精神）一词，贯穿全文。分析选项A. Patient.耐心的；B. Diligent. 勤奋的； C. Talented. 天才的；D. Devoted.奉献精神的。故选D。 【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词句题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词句是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第2小题词句猜测题。根据划线部分的上句“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies...” 罗宾说“澳大利亚生产的每一瓶抗-D药物都含有詹姆斯的捐献，”Rh项目主管Robyn Barlow告诉悉尼先驱晨报说。“这是一件了不起的事情。他救了数百万婴儿”。故划线句子“I cry just thinking about it”是说罗宾 巴洛为詹姆斯的献血而感动。分析选项可知C项（哈里森的捐款感动了罗宾 巴洛）符合题意，故选C。
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究结果表明昆虫的思维比人类想象的复杂。这项研究对于保护昆虫有很大的作用。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“The hard-working insects can change their behavior when things seem difficult, and now some scientists find there is proof that they also like to play.(这种勤劳的昆虫可以在困难的时候改变自己的行为，现在一些科学家发现有证据表明它们也喜欢玩耍)”可知，新的研究表明蜜蜂喜欢玩耍。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话“In this case, to get rid of external factors, scientists made sure the bees had adapted to their new home and that their environment was stress-free.(在这种情况下，为了摆脱外部因素，科学家们确保蜜蜂已经适应了他们的新家，并且他们的环境没有压力)”可推知，为了消除外部因素，他们让蜜蜂适应新家，让他们有了家的感觉，从而对环境感觉不到压力。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段 Lars Chittka说的话“This research provides a strong indication that insect minds are far more complicated than we imagine. There are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment, but most examples come from young mammals (哺乳动物)and birds,(这项研究有力地表明，昆虫的思维远比我们想象的复杂。有很多动物只是为了享乐而玩耍，但大多数例子来自于年轻的哺乳动物和鸟类)”可知， Lars Chittka的话表明了昆虫的思维非常复杂。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段Samadi Galpay所说的话“This finding has effects on our understanding of the sense and welfare of insects, which, consequently, encourages us to respect and protect wildlife on Earth ever more.(这一发现对我们理解昆虫的感觉和福利产生了影响，从而鼓励我们更加尊重和保护地球上的野生动物)”可知，该研究结果有助于保护地球上的野生动物。故选D。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地下气候变暖对城市地面建筑的负面影响的隐蔽性与长期性，以及介绍潜在的解决方案. 12. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Now the underground heat is building up as the planet warms. (现在随着地球变暖，地下热量正在积聚)”可知，“城市热岛”是受到全球气候变暖的影响。故选B。 13. 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Alessandro F. Rotta Loria所说的““There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize(发生的这种地下气候变化可能已经造成了建筑结构上的问题，我们甚至没有意识到)”以及最后一句话“While not an immediate or direct danger to human lives, this previously unknown effect highlights the impacts of a lesser-known component of climate change.(虽然这不是对人类生命的直接或直接威胁，但这种以前未知的影响突显了气候变化中一个鲜为人知的组成部分的影响)”可推知，提出“无声的危险”是想强调地下气候变暖这一被人忽略的事实。故选D。 14. 推理判断题。根据第五段“But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat. For example, water pipes could be installed to run through underground hotspots and pick up some of the heat energy.(但接受采访的其他研究人员都表示，这些浪费的能源也可以回收利用，这为冷却地下和节省能源成本提供了机会。地铁隧道和地下室可以更新技术以重新获取热量。例如，可以安装水管穿过地下热点并吸收一些热能)”可知，该段是介绍针对地下气候变暖提出了潜在的解决方案，即可以通过更新地铁隧道和地下室的相关技术来回收利用热能，并举例了可通过安装水管这种方法来获取热能。由此推知，接下来应该是介绍对这种热能的再使用方法。故选B。 15. 主旨大意题。通过归纳各段大意可知，本文是介绍地下气候变暖对城市地面建筑的负面影响的隐蔽性与长期性，以及介绍潜在的解决方案。由此可知，“地下变暖，地表变弱”适合作本文的标题。故选A。
【答案】16．F 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．G 【导语】这是一篇议论文。近年来教育技术和在线辅导公司崛起了，许多人认为，它们可能有一天完全取代正规学校教育，文章就此进行论证，指出学校教育不会过时。 16．上文“The last few years have witnessed the rise of education technology and online tutoring firms.(过去几年见证了教育技术和在线辅导公司的崛起。)”提到教育技术和在线辅导公司崛起了，空处应该承接上文，具体说明教育技术和在线辅导公司的崛起，F选项“Many argue that they might one day completely replace formal schooling.(许多人认为，它们可能有一天完全取代正规学校教育。)”符合，指出许多人认为教育技术和在线辅导公司崛起了，有一天会完全代替正轨学校教育，同时和下文是转折关系，下文“Such people, however, have completely ignored the one thing that makes studying in a proper classroom irreplaceable and that is the importance of teachers.(然而，这些人却完全忽视了一件事，那就是教师的重要性，而正是这一点使得在合适的课堂上学习变得不可替代。)”中的“Such people”指代选项中的“Many”，故选F。 17．上文“The internet has more information about any given topic than any one person can ever hope to possess. (互联网上关于任何特定主题的信息比任何一个人希望拥有的都要多。)”指出互联网拥有的信息很多，下文“Knowing that ‘tomato is a fruit’ is information, and not putting it in a fruit salad is wisdom. This example does a perfect job in illustrating just how important wisdom is in the day to day life. Books and the internet can give you information, but only a teacher can pass on wisdom.(知道“西红柿是一种水果”是信息，而不把它放在水果沙拉是智慧。这个例子很好地说明了智慧在日常生活中的重要性。书籍和互联网可以给你信息，但只有老师才能传授智慧。)”指出互联网能提供给我们信息，但是却不能传递给我们智慧，所以空处应该引起下文，指出互联网缺乏智慧，A项“Wisdom, however, is something that it badly lacks.(然而，智慧是它严重缺乏的东西。)”符合，引起下文，故选A。 18．上文“Books and the internet can give you information, but only a teacher can pass on wisdom(书籍和互联网可以给你信息，但只有老师才能传授智慧。)”指出只有老师才能传授给我们智慧，此处说明了老师的重要性，空处应该承接上文，D项“On this point, the importance of teachers should never be understated.(在这一点上，教师的重要性永远不应该被低估。)”符合，对上文进行总结，故选D。 19．上文“You can develop the most amazing online tutoring platform and fill it with amazing and interesting videos but it is never enough. (你可以开发最令人惊叹的在线辅导平台，并用令人惊叹和有趣的视频填充它，但这是永远不够的。)”指出作为老师，你可以开发最令人惊叹的在线辅导平台，并用令人惊叹和有趣的视频填充它，但这是不够的，因为每个学生都会独一无二的，下文“But videos are made for a general audience. (但是视频是为普通观众制作的。)”说明了这一点，即为普通大众制作的视频是不适合所有学生的，因为每个学生都是独一无二的，B项“Every single student is unique in his or her own way.(每个学生都是独一无二的。)”符合，故选B。 20．下文“While the list of reasons stating the importance of teachers is a bit too long to put in a single article, these two are sufficient to silence anyone who believes that going to school to be taught by proper teachers will soon become obsolete.(虽然说明教师重要性的理由列表有点太长，不能放在一篇文章里，但这两种方法足以让那些认为去学校接受合适的教师教育很快就会过时的人噤声。)”指出文章提到的这两种方法足以让那些认为去学校接受合适的教师教育很快就会过时的人噤声，因此空处应该引起下文，提到这两种方法，G项“These are just two ways that teachers have a massive impact on their students.(这只是教师对学生产生巨大影响的两种方式。)”符合，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。帕特里克是谢尔斯商店的钓鱼经理，他遇到了因为思念去世的爷爷而对钓鱼充满热情的赞德，帕特里克被赞德对爷爷的思念感动了，他把自己的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德，并为赞德和他的家人组织了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅，这让赞德和他的家人充满了感激。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克是谢尔斯商店的钓鱼经理，他总是帮助顾客满足他们的钓鱼需求，但有一次遇到了特别的问题。A. argument争论；B. journey旅行；C. adventure冒险；D. encounter邂逅，偶遇。根据后文“One day, a young boy named Xander entered the store with his mother, Brynn.(一天，一个名叫桑德的小男孩和他的母亲布琳一起走进了商店。)”可知，此处是指一次邂逅非常特别。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克注意到他的眼睛里充满了对钓鱼世界的好奇。A. curiosity好奇；B. nervousness紧张；C. concern担忧；D. regret遗憾。根据后文“their shared passion(他们共同的热情)”可知，此处是指他的眼睛里充满了对钓鱼世界的好奇。故选A。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在将近半个小时的时间里，他们因为共同的激情拉近了距离。A. debated over对于……争论；B. bonded over因共同经历或兴趣建立联系；C. stuck to坚持；D. turned to向某人求助。根据“their shared passion”可知，此处是指因为共同的激情拉近了距离。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：布林分享了赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义，她解释说：“我的父亲是一名渔民，去年去世了，但赞德从来没有和他一起去钓鱼。所以在过去的一年里，他一直很想念爷爷，希望能和他一起去钓鱼。”A. wisdom智慧；B. evidence证据；C. significance意义；D. definition定义。根据“My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never got to go fishing with him.”可知，此处是指赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布林分享了赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义，她解释说：“我的父亲是一名渔民，去年去世了，但赞德从来没有和他一起去钓鱼。所以在过去的一年里，他一直很想念爷爷，希望能和他一起去钓鱼。”A. missing思念；B. blaming责备；C. admiring钦佩；D. persuading劝说。根据“wishing he could go fishing with him”和“My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never got to go fishing with him”可知，此处是指他一直很想念爷爷。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动，帕特里克决定采取行动，并将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。A. Annoyed恼怒的；B. Touched感动的；C. Amused愉悦的；D. Surprised惊讶的。根据“by Xander’s longing for a connection to his late grandfather”和“Patrick decided to take action”可知，此处是指被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动，帕特里克决定采取行动，并将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。A. gifted赠送；B. lent借给；C. showed展现；D. made制作。根据后文“Patrick’s generosity(帕特里克的慷慨)”可知，此处是指将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个真诚的举动让布琳热泪盈眶，她承认这样的善举并不常见。A. ambitious野心勃勃的；B. strange奇怪的；C. genuine真诚的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“brought tears to Brynn’s eyes”可知，此处是指这个真诚的举动。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个真诚的举动让布琳热泪盈眶，她承认这样的善举并不常见。A. practical实际的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. secure安全的；D. common常见的。根据“she acknowleged that such acts of kindness”可知，此处是指她承认这样的善举并不常见。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，帕特里克的慷慨并不止于此。A. root生根；B. stop停止；C. appear出现；D. reach到达。根据后文“The 22-year-old fishing enthusiast went a step further(这位22岁的钓鱼爱好者更进一步)”可知，此处是指帕特里克的慷慨并不止于此。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位22岁的钓鱼爱好者更进一步，为赞德和他的家人组织了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅。A. recording记录；B. postponing推迟；C. organizing组织；D. canceling取消。根据“a memorable fishing trip for Xander and his family”可知，此处是指为赞德和他的家人组织了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确保赞德有一个丰富的体验，两名来自Scheels的专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行，提供指导并教他宝贵的技能。A. reveal揭露；B. stress强调；C. prove证明；D. ensure确保。根据“that Xander had an enriching experience”和“offering guidance and teaching him valuable skills”可知，此处是指为了确保赞德有一个丰富的体验。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确保赞德有一个丰富的体验，两名来自Scheels的专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行，提供指导并教他宝贵的技能。A. accompanied陪伴；B. monitored监控；C. assessed评估；D. sponsored赞助。根据“offering guidance and teaching him valuable skills”可知，此处是指两名专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行。故选A。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说真的是一股清新的空气，他们把这次钓鱼之旅描述为一生一次的经历。A. possibly可能地；B. initially起初；C. truly真正地，完全地；D. mainly主要地。根据“who described the fishing trip as a once-in-a-lifetime”可知，此处是指帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说真的是一股清新的空气。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说真的是一股清新的空气，他们把这次钓鱼之旅描述为一生一次的经历。A. deal交易；B. experience经历；C. task任务；D. performance表演。根据“who described the fishing trip as a once-in-a-lifetime”可知，此处是指他们把这次钓鱼之旅描述为一生一次的经历。故选B。
【答案】1. how 2. exclaims 3. upon/on 4. which/that 5. approximately 6. including 7. artistic 8. origins 9. were recovered bined 【详解】这是一篇说明文。本文以《逃出大英博物馆》的视频为导索，介绍了中国文物被盗的历史和文物回归的途径， 表达了对文物回归的期望。 1. 考查宾语从句。句意：这部三集的电视剧由两位中国视频博主执导，讲述了一个中国玉茶壶如何从大英博物馆逃脱，并找到自己回到中国的旅程。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，根据句意可知，从句缺少方式状语，故填how“如何”，引导宾语从句。故填how。 2. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：观众们特别感动的一幕是，一到达记者和他的朋友的地方，小茶壶惊呼:“这么大的柜子，两个人共用！”在介绍虚构的故事情节时常用一般现在时，且主语the little teapot为第三人称单数。故填exclaims。 3. 考查介词。句意：观众们特别感动的一幕是，一到达记者和他的朋友的地方，小茶壶惊呼:“这么大的柜子，两个人共用！”upon/on后面跟名词或动名词表示“一……就”。故填upon/on。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：前几天，大英博物馆声称自己是“文化盗窃”的受害者，如果我们回顾历史，这显然是中国确实遭受的苦难。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词cultural theft，通过后面的“is”可以判断，从句缺主语， 故用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填 which/that。 5. 考查副词。句意：据统计，大英博物馆约有2.3万件中国文物，其中约2000件是长期展出的。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词approximately“大约”，作状语。故填approximately。 6. 考查介词。句意：这些无价的文物，包括新石器时代的石器、杨绍文化的彩陶、商周、春秋、战国时期的青铜器、唐宋三彩和珐琅，几乎涵盖了所有的艺术门类。该句的主语是These priceless relics，谓语是involve，因此用介词including“包括”来说明文物有哪些。故填including。 7. 考查形容词。句意：这些无价的文物，包括新石器时代的石器、杨绍文化的彩陶、商周、春秋、战国时期的青铜器、唐宋三彩和珐琅，几乎涵盖了所有的艺术门类。分析句子结构可知，本空用形容词artistic“艺术的”，作定语，修饰名词categories。故填artistic。 8. 考查名词。句意：它们被编号并包装在玻璃柜里，这样它们的来源就被隐藏了。根据前面的“their”可知，这里要用名词复数origins“来源”，作从句的主语。故填origins。 9. 考查时态和语态。句意：1949年至2019年，共追回300多批15万件中国文物。from 1949 to 2019 是一个过去的时间段，所以本句用一般过去时。主语Chinese relics和动词recover“重新获得，找回”为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were recovered。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，由于共同努力，回收批次有所增加。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为have seen，故本空为非谓语，且efforts和combine“联合”为被动关系，故用过去分词combined，作定语，修饰efforts。故填combined。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【15】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·湖北·校考模拟预测)
Filming Locations You Can Actually Visit
Mars (The Martian)
When you search for a location to stand in for the surface of another world, The Wadi Rum Protected Area in far southern Jordan is a good place to start. With the impressive “vast and echoing and God-like” landscape, it served as the background of Matt Damon’s 18-month stay on the red planet in The Martian.
Jurassic Park
The Hawaiian islands were the locations for some of Jurassic Park’s most memorable scenes. Kauai provides the rough coastline and some of the most breathtaking features of the fictional Isla Nublar, while the rolling hills of Oahu’s Kualoa Ranch function as the background of the Gallimimus stampede (逃亡).
Hobbiton
Unlike the other locations in this list, the Shire is a wholly artificial set, built on a sheep farm on New Zealand’s North Island. Created for Peter Jackson’s big-screen adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy, Hobbiton began to draw curious fans shortly after the release of the first film in the series. In time, what began as a temporary location designed to host a three-month movie shoot has evolved into a Tolkienesque theme park with over 350,000 visitors annually.
King’s Landing
The HBO series Game of Thrones brings to life the many locations of George R.R. Martin’s fantasy world, but the conflict of sex, swords, and trickery reaches its peak in the capital of King’s Landing. The “real” capital of Westeros can be found in Dubrovnik, Croatia. The city’s 16th-century fortress walls overlook Blackwater Bay, while the parks, avenues, and alleys of the old city have witnessed the triumphs and tragedies of House Lannister.
1. Which of the four locations should you visit if you are a big fan of J.R.R. Tolkien
A. Mars (The Martian). B. Jurassic Park. C. Hobbiton. D. King’s Landing.
2. What do the movie locations Mars and Jurassic Park have in common
A. They are both on the coast. B. They demonstrate magnificent views.
C. They can represent another world. D. They are set for only one film.
3. What can visitors do in King’s Landing
A. See ancient fortress walls. B. Play roles in Game of Thrones.
C. Visit George R.R. Martin. D. Experience the triumphs and tragedies.
B
(2023·湖北·校考模拟预测)
I truly believe we all have a very special purpose in life, regardless of who we are or where we come from. After ten years of working for a major Wall Street bank, I wanted to do something challenging. So when I read a Merrill Lynch advertisement looking to hire more stockbrokers (股票经纪人), with great excitement, I made some phone calls and arranged to meet with one of its branch vice presidents. After this interview and interviews with twelve of his top stockbrokers, I eventually landed the job.
The first few months was a struggle. I lived on very little commission (佣金). Night after night, I left the office weary and exhausted, ready to give up, yet somehow returning the next morning to start anew day. Eventually, all the hard work paid off. In less than four years, I became one of the top sales people at my branch and increased personal sales by 1,700 percent. The success earned me a six-figure income, promotion and numerous sales awards.
Toward the end of my fourth year at Merrill Lynch, it hit me that something was missing. I thought long and hard about my goals. Then I was reminded of the time when I spoke to hundreds of people, while in college as a student leader, and years later, when I won a “Humorous Speech” championship. It dawned on me that every time I had a speaking engagement, I always came out of the experience with a wonderful, energetic, peaceful and magical feeling that was unmatched by anything else I did. I knew the extraordinary public-speaking skills I was blessed with could enable me to make a lasting difference and transform other people’s lives.
Then I took another daring risk, gave up everything and left the investment business for a more satisfying career as a motivational speaker. The beginning of my speaking journey was surprisingly similar to what I had first experienced at Merrill Lynch. However, nothing in the world comes close to the satisfying feeling I get when thousands of people tell me how much I have made a difference in their lives by motivating them to take risks and be the best they could be.
4. Why did the author meet with a Merrill Lynch branch vice president
A. To arrange an interview. B. To make an advertisement.
C. To employ more clerks. D. To get a position.
5. Which of the following best describes the author according to paragraph 2
A. Tolerant and ambitious. B. Demanding and successful.
C. Tough and competent. D. Optimistic and agreeable.
6. Why did the author leave Merrill Lynch
A. He hoped to relive college life. B. He wanted to influence others’ lives.
C. He had an engagement. D. His investment was not satisfying.
7. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Speaking Makes a Satisfying Job B. Challenge Your Career Choice
C. Hard Work Pays Off D. Dare to Take Risks
C
（2023·广东江门·校考开学考试）
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating small areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (震动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a trackpad (触控板) in laptops, which mimics a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin — it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch — and will enable new forms of haptic communication to enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated (集成的) 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And his/her glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools without touching them.
8．What’s the main purpose of the text
A．To encourage the use of a new product.
B．To inform readers of a new invention.
C．To compare different haptic devices.
D．To introduce the development of haptic technology.
9．What can we learn about the SSD
A．It mimics the sense of touch through a trackpad.
B．It mainly uses vibration technology.
C．It takes the shape of a glove.
D．It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
10．What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about
A．The advantages of the new haptic glove.
B．The applications of the new haptic technology.
C．An explanation of how the haptic device works.
D．A personal experience of using SSDs during a video call.
11．How could the new haptic device benefit people
A．It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
B．it could be used for recreating organ tissues.
C．Doctors could perform surgeries at once.
D．Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
D
（2023·辽宁抚顺·校联考二模）
An Israeli law banning too skinny models went into effect with the start of 2013. The law, approved last March in Israel, requires models to prove they have maintained a Body Mass Index (BMI) of at least 18.5 for three months before a fashion show. That means a woman who is 68 inches tall can weigh no less than 119 pounds.
“This law is another step in the war against eating disorders,” said physician Adatto. “Underweight models,” he explained, “can no longer serve as role models for innocent young people who copy their false image of being skinny.”
But some critics in this country say it is misguided, focusing on weight instead of health. They also say the Israeli ban is bound to fail because of the strong power of the fashion industry. “I think it’s an approach that isn’t going to work.” said eating disorder expert Susan Ice, who worked with an organization which creates a healthy working environment for models.
But Adatto told the reporter that he began to concern the issue after meeting an ambitious model who looked like she needed to be hospitalized. He said. “I realized that only legislation(立法) can change the situation. There was no time to waste; so many girls were dieting to death.”
However, the efforts to regulate models’ weight in Spain and Italy have not resulted in significant changes in part because of difficulties in determining reliable methods of measuring weight and health.
Still, folks including Ice say there’s no denying that images from Hollywood and the fashion industry can be difficult for young women to deal with. “Certainly I don't believe the modeling industry has caused the rise in eating disorders, but it makes it harder,” she says. “It’s a difficult recovery environment, worshiping thinness as the beauty ideal.”
12．One benefit the new Israeli law may bring is ______.
A．to change the working conditions of models
B．to lower the chance of skinny models’ death
C．to provide guidance for women worshiping thinness
D．to prevent models from suffering from eating disorders
13．In the opinion of the critics, the law won’t succeed because _______.
A．it misleads young women to form a bad eating habit
B．the fashion industry is much too influential
C．it doesn’t create a healthy working environment for models
D．it doesn’t provide a proper approach that can work well
14．What caused Adatto to think that a law was needed to change the situation
A．Being interviewed by a reporter.
B．Establishing his fashion model agent.
C．Meeting an ambitious but too skinny model.
D．Seeing a model die from eating disorders.
15．According to the passage, the new Israeli law banning skinny models is _____ .
A．practical B．controversial
C．acceptable D．reasonable
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·山东济南·山东师范大学附中校考模拟预测）
The power of positive thinking
Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty 16 Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one) Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism — and it’s known to boost your well-being. The good news is that everybody can learn to think more positively.
17
Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass.
Worrying is like a fire alarm.
Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe — if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks. “ 18 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychotherapist Rachel Melville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead.
Learn to think positively.
Optimism is shaped by your genes which carry characteristics inherited from your parents and by what happens to you. 19 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. 20
A．Your genes will in turn help obtain it.
B．This question makes you lost in thought.
C．Why is thinking positively good for you
D．Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it.
E．Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening.
F．However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it.
G．This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·上海浦东·高三统考期末）
A skywell, or "tian jing", is a typical feature of a traditional home in China. 1 a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment. They are 2 seen in homes dating to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed to 3 different generations of relatives.
Although a skywell's size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the Core of a house, either 4 by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the 5 breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.
The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and 7 rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can 8 sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. 9 hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell, which“works just like a 10 ”
As a(n) 11 space between indoor life and the outdoor environment, a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside. But the largest part of skywell's cooling effect actually comes when there are bodies of water in the enclosure.
Evaporated water cools hot air, a process known as evaporative cooling which is 12 in Huizhou skywells. In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth. Skywells therefore have channels around them to 13 rainwater coming from the roofs.
Though existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 . Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.
1．A．Parallel with B．Different from C．Close to D．Symbolic of
2．A．commonly B．rarely C．apparently D．currently
3．A．bind B．gather C．house D．honor
4．A．enclosed B．separated C．accompanied D．replaced
5．A．calming B．refreshing C．incoming D．upcoming
6．A．pollution B．pressure C．current D．circulation
7．A．promise B．harvest C．stop D．process
8．A．block out B．bathe in C．allow for D．let out
9．A．Nevertheless B．Meanwhile C．Similarly D．Rather
10．A．well B．column C．chimney D．ceiling
11．A．ideal B．leisure C．alternative D．transition
12．A．well-reflected B．well-shaded C．well-developed D．well-organized
13．A．collect B．purify C．drain D．evaporate
14．A．techniques B．facilities C．styles D．inventions
15．A．reunion B．reminder C．renewal D．rearrangement
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·安徽·皖南八校联考）
Anhui, an ancient and beautiful region, began to prosper during the Tang (618—907) and Song (960—1279) dynasties. In the times 1 the Grand Canal, a UNESCO World Heritage site, directly connected Beijing in the north and Hangzhou in the south, Anhui traders 2 (fan) out across China. That’s why Anhui food is now among China’s eight great cuisines.
Anhui cuisine offers plenty of other options and many dishes have interesting stories, for example, chouguiyu. It is said that a certain businessman had made 3 fortune in Hangzhou, where he had first tasted a kind of fish that was sweet, fresh and had few tiny bones. He 4 (immediate) thought of his elderly parents. He bought some to bring to them. However, the long journey took its toll (毁坏) on the fish and when he finally reached home, they were all 5 (smell). His mother, an economical woman, decided to cook the fish nevertheless. To everyone’s surprise, the fish smelled bad 6 tasted very good. These days, Anhui chefs deliberately allow the fish to reach certain 7 (ripe) before cooking it.
Anhui cuisine 8 (characterise) by its heavy use of oil, deeply flavored sauces, and superior soups and stock. The main cooking style is to braise (炖) or roast. Its chefs specialize 9 ingredients available locally, such as fish, pigeons, bamboo shoots, etc. Anhui folk also like to salt their own meats like ham and pork, which goes into the pot with chicken and duck to produce very deeply flavored soups. A popular dish is salted meat on a bed of bamboo shoots 10 (steam) on a wooden cutting board. Unlike some other regional cuisines, this is one cooking style that is very heavy on animal protein and relatively light on the greens.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是可以参观的电影拍摄地点的相关信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据Hobbiton部分的“CreatedforPeter Jackson’s big-screen adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy, Hobbiton began to draw curious fans shortly after the release of the first film in the series. In time, what began as a temporary location designed to host a three-month movie shoot has evolved into a Tolkienesque theme park with over 350,000 visitors annually.(Hobbiton 是 Peter Jackson根据J.R.R. Tolkien的《指 环王》三部曲改编的电影，在该系列第一部上映后不久就吸引了好奇的粉丝。随着时间的推移，这个最初 用于举办为期三个月的电影拍摄的临时地点已经演变成一个托尔金式的主题公园，每年有超过35万游客。)” 可知，如果你是J.R.R.Tolkien的忠实粉丝，你应该去Hobbiton，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据Mars (The Martian)部分的“With the impressive “vast and echoing and God-like” landscape, it served as the background of Matt Damon’s 18-month stay on the red planet in The Martian.(在《火星 救援》中，马特·达蒙在火星上停留了18个月，这里有着令人印象深刻的“辽阔、回声回荡、像上帝一样” 的景观。)”和Jurassic Park部分的“Kauai provides the rough coastline and some of the most breathtaking features of the fictional Isla Nublar, while the rolling hills of Oahu’s Kualoa Ranch function as the background of the Gallimimus stampede (逃亡).(Kauai 提供了崎岖的海岸线和虚构的 Isla Nublar 的一些最令人惊叹的特征，而 Oahu 的Kualoa Ranch 的起伏的山丘则是Gallimimus大逃亡的背景。)”可知，Mars和JurassicPark的拍摄地 的共同之处是它们展示了壮丽的景色。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据King’sLanding 部分的“Thecity’s 16th-century fortress walls overlook Blackwater Bay, while the parks, avenues, and alleys of the old city have witnessed the triumphs and tragedies of House Lannister. (这座城市16世纪的堡垒城墙俯瞰着黑水湾，而老城的公园、大道和小巷见证了Lannister家族的胜利和悲 剧。)”可知，游客在King’sLanding可以看看古老的堡垒城墙。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5.C 6.B 7.D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者用自身经历告诉我们要敢于挑战、敢于冒险。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SowhenIreadaMerrillLynchadvertisement looking to hire more stockbrokers (股票经纪人), with great excitement, I made some phone calls and arranged to meet with one of its branch vice presidents. After this interview and interviews with twelve of his top stockbrokers, I eventually landed the job.(因 此，当我看到美林公司招聘更多股票经纪人的广告时，我非常兴奋地打了几个电话，并安排与该公司的一 位分行副总裁会面。经过这次面试和他的12位顶级股票经纪人的面试，我最终得到了这份工作)”可知，作者与美林公司分行副总裁会面，是为了获得股票经纪人这个岗位。故选D项。 5. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thefirstfewmonthswas astruggle. I lived on very little commission (佣金). Night after night, I left the office weary and exhausted, ready to give up, yet somehow returning the next morning to start anew day. Eventually, all the hard work paid off. In less than four years, I became one of the top sales people at my branch and increased personal sales by 1,700 percent. The success earned me a six-figure income, promotion and numerous sales awards.(最初的几个月很艰难。我靠很少的佣金生活。一夜又一夜，我疲惫不堪 地离开办公室，准备放弃，但第二天早上又不知怎么地回来，开始新的一天。最终，所有的努力都得到了 回报。在不到四年的时间里，我成为了分公司最优秀的销售人员之一，个人销售额增长了1700%。这次成 功为我赢得了六位数的收入、晋升和无数的销售奖励)”可知，作者最初的几个月很艰难，只能靠很少的佣金 生活，但在不到四年的时间里，作者成为了分公司最优秀的销售人员之一。由此推知，作者虽然过得艰难， 但是也很有能力。故选C项。 6. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句话“Iknewtheextraordinarypublic-speaking skills I was blessed with could enable me to make a lasting difference and transform other people’s lives.(我知道我所拥有的非凡的公共演 讲技巧可以使我产生持久的影响，并改变别人的生活)”和第四段第一句话“ThenItookanotherdaringrisk, gave up everything and left the investment business for a more satisfying career as a motivational speaker.(然后，我 又冒了一次大胆的风险，放弃了一切，离开了投资行业，去做一名更令人满意的励志演说家)”可知，作者离 开美林公司，离开投资行业，去做一名励志演说家，是希望用自己的演讲技巧改变别人的生活，影响别人。 故选B项。 7. 主旨大意题。阅读文章，尤其是第一段第二句“After tenyearsofworking for a major Wall Street bank, I wanted to do something challenging. (在华尔街一家大银行工作了十年之后，我想做一些具有挑战性的事情)” 和最后一段第一句“Then I took another daring risk, gave up everything and left the investment business for a more satisfying career as a motivational speaker. (然后，我又冒了一次大胆的风险，放弃了一切，离开了投资 行业，去做一名更令人满意的励志演说家)”可知，作者用自身经历告诉我们要敢于挑战，敢于冒险。由此可 知，D项“DaretoTake Risks(敢于冒险)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D项。
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家正在使视频通话能够触碰到电话另一端的人成为现实。这一项技术将会利用在方方面面，造福于人类。 8．推理判断题。第二段第一句“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.”提到，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备，下文讲述了该设备的工作原理和应用，所以本文的目的是介绍一项发明。故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Scientists are making this a reality.”及第二段第一句“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic(触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备(SSD)，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备。)”可知，SSD可使虚拟触觉通信成为可能。故选D项。 10．段落大意题。根据第六段中“It works like this:”可知，这段主要是解释触觉设备的工作原理。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.”可知，触觉设备可以应用在各种场景中，允许用户感受虚拟世界中的物体或者远距离的物体。故选D项。
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在时尚产业中，年轻模特追求过度纤瘦唯美产生的社会问题。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“This law is another step in the war against eating disorders,” said physician Adatto. 可知，新法能使模特免于饮食失调，故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段的They also say the Israeli ban is bound to fail because of the strong power of the fashion industry. 可知，时尚界的影响力太大了，因此禁令有可能失败，故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段的he began to concern the issue after meeting an ambitious model who looked like she needed to be hospitalized. 可知，在遇到一位看起来像需要住院治疗的雄心勃勃的模特后，他开始关注这个问题，故选C。 15．推理判断题。A. practical 实际的； B. controversial 有争议的； C. acceptable 可接受的； D. reasonable 合理的。由文章内容可知，以色列新法律（禁用过瘦的模特）是存在争议的，有支持者也有反对的，故选B。
【答案】16．G 17．C 18．E 19．F 20．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。 16．根据前文“Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty (你的牛奶是半满的还是半空的 )”以及后文“Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one) (他们关注的是积极的一面(半满的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子) )”可知，空处应是对前一句的解释，前句是做什么用的，所以G项“This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation.(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的看法)”符合文意，其中This saying指代前文那句话。故选G项。 17．分析设空，可知是本段的小标题，是对本段的概括，根据下文“Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好地应对。更悲观的人(认为最坏的事情会发生)可能很难相信这些挑战会过去)”可知，本段主要讲述了，乐观和积极思考的好处，所以C项“Why is thinking positively good for you (为什么积极思考对你有好处 )”符合文意。故选C项。 18．根据前文“Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe—if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks.(每个人都会时不时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情的结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Worrying is like a fire alarm.(忧虑就像火警)”，可知E项“Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们有危险。)”符合本段主题，其中Worrying为同词复现。故选E项。 19．根据前文“Optimism is shaped by your genes, which carry characteristics inherited from your parents, and by what happens to you.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事情决定)”以及后文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. (研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一个等级)”可知，F项“However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学习它)”和前文构成转折关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选F项。 20．分析设空，谓语段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以根据前文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果是有帮助的——比如，你弹吉他的画面，通过了下一个等级)”可知，前文讲述想象积极的结果是有帮助的，所以D项“Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it.(想象这个可以激励你致力于去实现它)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B `0．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了天井这一传统结构的起源和发展，阐述了天井的实际功能，并表明了在当今中国传统建筑恢复存在的背景下，天井又开始出现在人们视野当中。 1．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：与中国北方的庭院或“院子”不同，天井更小，更少暴露在户外环境中。A. Parallel with与……平行；B. Different from与……不同；C. Close to离……近；D. Symbolic of……的象征。根据上文“A skywell, or "tian jing", is a typical feature of a traditional home in China.”以及下文“a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment.”可知天井与北方庭院不同。故选B项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲属而设计的。A. commonly通常地；B. rarely很少地；C. apparently明显地；D. currently目前。根据下文“Though existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 .”可知天井在中国存在了数百年，进而可推知天井常见于明清时期的房屋中。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲属而设计的。A. bind结合；B. gather聚集；C. house容纳D. honor荣誉。根据下文“Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the 5 breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.”可知有天井的房屋是有多层结构的，可推知房屋可容纳几代人。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它始终是矩形的，位于房屋的核心，要么由四面的房间包围，要么由三面加一堵墙包围。A. enclosed包围；B. separated分离；C. accompanied伴随；D. replaced替代。根据下文“or three sides plus a wall”可知天井被四面包围。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，所以进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气来创造空气循环，室内空气通过开口上升和离开。A. calming令人冷静的；B. refreshing清新的；C. incoming进来的；D. upcoming即将到来的。根据前文“Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air”可知进来的是凉爽的风。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，所以进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气来创造空气循环，室内空气通过开口上升和离开。A. pollution污染；B. pressure压力；C. current目前的；D. circulation循环。根据前文“outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air”以及后文“replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.”可知凉爽的风进来，温暖的风出去，构成循环。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天井的主要用途是采光，改善通风并收集雨水。A. promise承诺；B. harvest收获；C. stop阻止；D. process处理。根据下文“In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth.”可知天井的作用是可以收集雨水。故选B项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在惠州，天井虽小但很高，周围的房间可以挡住在炎热日子里的阳光照射，使天井底部保持凉爽。A. block out封锁，遮挡；B. bathe in沐浴在……中；C. allow for考虑到；D. let out放出。根据下文“enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool”可知天井挡住阳光照射，因此使得天井底部保持凉爽。故选A项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，房子里的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口排出，天井“就像烟囱一样工作”。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Similarly相似地；D. Rather相当地。根据下文“hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell”可知，天井阻挡阳光照射和凉热空气循环是同时进行的。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，房子里的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口排出，天井“就像烟囱一样工作”。A. well井；B. column栏杆；C. chimney烟囱；D. ceiling天花板。根据前文“hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell”可知热空气上升通过天井排放，这种工作原理与烟囱相似。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为室内生活和室外环境之间的过渡空间，天井起到了有效的热缓冲作用以保护居民免受室外热空气的影响。A. ideal理想；B. leisure闲暇时光；C. alternative选择；D. transition过渡。根据后文“a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside”可知，天井是一个过渡空间，起到了缓冲作用保护居民免受室外热空气的影响。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒸发水冷却热空气，这一过程被称为蒸发冷却，得到了很好的反响。A. well-reflected反响良好的；B. well-shaded遮荫良好的；C. well-developed发展良好的；D. well-organized组织良好的。根据后文“Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.”可知天井建筑是收到良好反响的，正在卷土重来。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，天井周围有排水沟，用来排出屋顶的雨水。A. collect收集；B. purify净化；C. drain排水； D. evaporate蒸发。根据前文“In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth.”以及转折词however可知后句与前句构成对立关系，可推知现在不再收集雨水，而是将雨水排出。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管它们在中国已经存在了数百年，但近年来，它们经常被那些喜欢现代化设施的人遗忘。A. techniques技术；B. facilities设施；C. styles风格；D. inventions发明。根据后文“Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.”可知天井正在卷土重来，以及前句“forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 ”可知天井被喜欢现代化设施的人遗忘。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在过去的二十年里，由于中国传统建筑的更新，天井建筑正在卷土重来。A. reunion重聚；B. reminder提醒；C. renewal恢复；D. rearrangement重新安排。根据后文“skywell buildings have been making a comeback”可知天井正在卷土重来，是因为过去二十年里，中国传统建筑开始恢复在人们视野当中了。故选C项。
【答案】1．when 2．fanned 3．a/his 4．immediately 5．smelly 6．but 7．ripeness 8．is characterized/is characterised 9．in 10．steamed 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徽菜，包括徽菜的历史渊源、特色风味和文化内涵。 1．考查定语从句。句意：在被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的大运河北连北京、南连杭州的时代，安徽商人遍布中国各地。这就是为什么徽菜现在是中国八大菜系之一。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the times”，在定语从句中担当时间状语，用when引导。故填when。 2．考查时态。句意：在被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的大运河北连北京、南连杭州的时代，安徽商人遍布中国各地。这就是为什么徽菜现在是中国八大菜系之一。考查本句谓语动词，根据定语从句的时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填fanned。 3．考查冠词或代词。句意：据说，有一个商人在杭州发了财，在那里他第一次尝到了一种鱼，又甜又鲜，而且骨头很少。短语：make a/one’s fortune，意为“发财”，符合句意。故填a或his。 4．考查副词。句意：他立刻想到了年迈的父母。修饰动词短语 thought of担当句子的时间状语，用副词形式。故填immediately。 5．考查形容词。句意：然而，长途旅行使鱼受到了伤害，当他终于回到家时，鱼都臭了。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当本句表语。故填smelly。 6．考查连词。句意：令大家吃惊的是，鱼闻起来很难闻，但吃起来却很好吃。空前“smelled bad”和空后的“tasted very good”之间为转折关系。故填but。 7．考查名词。句意：如今，安徽的厨师们故意让鱼在烹饪前达到一定的成熟度。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。故填ripeness。 8．考查谓语动词。句意：徽菜的特点是用油多，酱料浓，汤和高汤上乘。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“Anhui cuisine”，第三人称单数，和动词“characterize”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is characterized/is characterised。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：它的厨师专门使用当地可用的食材，如鱼、鸽子、竹笋等。固定搭配：specialize in，意为“专门……”，符合句意。故填in。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：一道很受欢迎的菜是把咸肉放在竹笋床上，竹笋在木制砧板上蒸熟。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a bed of bamboo shoots”和动词“steam”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填steamed。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【16】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·江苏南京·高三南京外国语学校校考开学考试)
The value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydney’s harbor, city, bay and beach highlights.
A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the ‘red’ Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the ‘blue’ Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbor cruises (游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.
Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, tasting the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.
SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7-calendar-day period. With a 3 or 5-day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.
SydneyPass Fares
Adult Child* Family**
3-day ticket $90 $45 $225
5-day ticket $120 $60 $300
7-day ticket $140 $70 $350
*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.
**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.
1. A SydneyPass doesn’t offer unlimited rides on ________.
A. the Explorer Buses B. the harbor cruises
C. regular Sydney Buses D. CityRail services
2. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can ________.
A. save fares from and to the airport B. take the Sydney Explorer to beaches
C. enjoy the famous seafood for free D. reserve seats easily in a restaurant
3. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be
A. $225. B. $300. C. $360. D. $420.
B
(2023·重庆南岸·高三重庆第二外国语学校校考期中)
The stands were always filled with family members to support their favorite players. I attended each of my son’s games. His father worked nights for years, and missed out on most of his games. My son Jorden knew if his dad could, he would be there sitting right beside me.
When Jorden was younger, some family members would occasionally come to watch. But gradually they stopped showing up. Never once did Jorden lead me to believe that this bothered him, but apparently it did. It wasn’t until when he was asked to give a speech at his baseball event that he made it very clear not only to me but a room filled with over 150 people just how important it is to have extra fans in the stands.
His speech was anything but like I thought it would be. It wasn’t short and bittersweet. It wasn’t his quick thank you to his coaches and teammates. He poured his heart out, saying he seldom had grandparents, aunts or uncles coming to support him. He was grateful that his teammates’ family members showed up to support not just their own loved ones but the entire team of boys. Clearly Jorden desired more than just me. Never did I ever think my son would be hurting inside as he looked out to the bleachers to see only me at each and every game.
As he struggled to get each word out through tears, I promised I would attend as many events of the children around as I possibly could. There was no way I could allow another child to feel what my son was feeling. This small simple gesture would mean so much to any child. Neither Jorden nor I was upset with those who never attended his games. Jorden just wanted someone else besides me to witness his craft in action. I understand all of our lives become complicated and that everyone is busy with their own children and jobs that may not allow them as much free time as they’d like.
4. What do we know about Jorden’s father
A. He had long been misunderstood by Jorden. B. He had few chances to attend Jorden’s games.
C. He managed to be with Jorden in every game. D. He had made excuses to miss Jorden’s games.
5. What was Jorden’s speech about
A. His ambition to win the championship. B. His gratitude to his mother and coaches.
C. His complaint about his family members. D. His desire for support from more people.
6. What does the author think of Jorden’s speech
A. Depressing. B. Complicated. C. Astonishing. D. Absurd.
7. How did the author respond to Jorden’s speech
A. She tried to be actively involved in children’s games.
B. She promised not to miss out on games of every child.
C. She offered to invite many relatives to Jorden’s games.
D. She decided to lead Jorden to trust his family members.
C
（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）
It is easy to be doubtful about announcements of drugs that claim to slow the progress of Alzheimers, the most common form of dementia(痴呆). A new drug called Lecanemab, however, may be the real deal Results of a clinical trial, conducted by its makers, Eisai, of Tokyo, and Biogen, of Cambridge Massachusetts, have just been announced in the New England Journal of Medicine(November; 2022). After18 months, it had slowed the progress of symptoms by a quarter.
The trial involved 1795 participants who were in the early stages of the illness. Half received the drug The others, a placebo(安慰剂). It showed two things. One was the modest but measurable slowing of progression. The other was that an explanation of Alzheimers called the Amyloid Hypothesis(淀粉样蛋白假说) seems correct.
Amyloid is a protein which accumulates in parts of the brains of those with Alzheimers, which is an established sign of the illness. Lecanemab, containing a special antibody, is found to be able to attach itself to amyloid and then attracts immune-system cells to clear the protein away (and measurably did so in those receiving the drug).That suggests amyloid does indeed directly create problems associated with dementia and that Lecanemab can slow down the development of the disease.
This is a small first step. Some experts question whether the test used to show an improvement in symptoms is clinically meaningful because amyloid can be detected only with the help of a piece of expensive equipment, which is not something that can easily be turned into a routine program. Moreover, Lecanemab also caused swelling and bleeding of the brain in a number of participants. Now that the new drug has been shown to work, it can be followed up with further tests. Hope for more good news soon.
8．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A．The public shows confidence in new drugs for Alzheimers.
B．All participants didn’t receive the new drug.
C．The new drug had an obvious effect on the participants.
D．It took 18 months to make the new drug.
9．The author explains the effectiveness of the new drug by _______.
A．illustrating how the drug interacts with amyloid in body
B．describing how immune-system works in detail
C．making comparisons between two groups of participants
D．quoting the comments of other scientists
10．Which of the following is a drawback of the new drug
A．It can’t be accessed easily in daily treatment.
B．It can cause some side-effects.
C．It costs too much for ordinary families.
D．It needs to be further tested before its launch.
11．What does the author think of Lecanemab
A．Reliable. B．Groundbreaking
C．Promising D．Risky.
D
(2023·福建厦门·高三厦门一中校考期中)
The curb cut (路缘坡). It’s a convenience that most of us rarely, if ever, notice. Yet, without it, daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one. Pushing a baby stroller onto the curb, skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks are easier because of the curb cut.
But it was created with a different purpose in mind.
It’s hard to imagine today, but back in the 1970s, most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-off. That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps to help them move along city blocks without assistance. According to one disability rights leader, a six-inch curb “might as well have been Mount Everest”. So, activists from Berkeley, California, who also needed wheelchairs, organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently.
I think about the “curb cut effect” a lot when working on issues around health equity (公平). The first time I even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by Policy Link CEO Angela Blackwell. Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as “a zero-sum game (零和游戏)” and that it is commonly believed that there is a “prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.” What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that “when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.”
There are multiple examples of this principle at work. For example, investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options. But, the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone. Even the football huddle (密商) was initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who could have read their sign language. Today, it’s used by every team to prevent the opponent from learning about game-winning strategies.
So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.
12. What does the underlined quote from the disability rights leader imply concerning a six-inch curb
A. It is an unforgettable symbol. B. It is an impassable barrier.
C. It is an important sign. D. It is an impressive landmark.
13. According to Angela Blackwell, what do many people believe
A. It’s not worthwhile to promote health equity.
B. It’s necessary to go all out to help the disabled.
C. It’s impossible to have everyone treated equally.
D. It’s fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others.
14. Which of the following examples best illustrates the “curb cut effect” principle
A. Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth.
B. Four great inventions of China spread to the west.
C. Christopher Columbus discovered the new world.
D. Classic literature got translated into many languages.
15. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage
A. Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all.
B. Action empowers those with opportunities for better solutions.
C. Society should create circumstances that get everyone involved.
D. Everyday items are originally invented for people in need of help.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·安徽·九师联盟高三试题）
Does the happiness of parents play a role in shaping the overall happiness of their children Scientific studies have shed light on the far-reaching connection between parental happiness and the positive development of kids. It seems that parental happiness has an important influence on the emotional, social, and cognitive (认知的) development of children. 16 If they know their mental and emotional happiness has an impact on their children, perhaps it can motivate them to view it as part of being a good parent.
17 For example, they can join in activities that bring them joy and satisfaction. This could include hobbies, exercise, pursuing personal goals, or taking time for relaxation. When parents improve their own happiness, they can better support their children’s happiness.
Another great idea is sharing experiences and creating many memories together. The idea is twofold. 18 At the same time, the shared experiences and showing their children how happy they are to do something they love can be incredibly valuable as well.
One of the main aspects of being happy parents is feeling comfortable, confident and able to be themselves, despite their new status and huge responsibility. Honestly, when parents prioritize their own happiness, it has positive effects on the overall happiness of the family. 19
When parents put their own happiness first, they become role models for their kids. They see the importance of self-care, pursuing passions and maintaining healthy relationships. 20 So, parents should accept their uniqueness, enjoying life!
A．However, part of being responsible is being honest.
B．They are passing on some major life skills and attitudes.
C．They may lose a bit of their sense of self when caring for children.
D．Parents can adopt practical ways to enhance their own happiness.
E．A joyful and harmonious family environment benefits everyone involved.
F．This can happen when parents prioritize their own happiness according to Inc.
G．Firstly, the parents continue to be themselves and do something they love.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈尔滨三中校考期末）
Years ago, I lived in the English midlands and would walk the same route along the local canal each evening. On winter mornings, I would see the 1 sight of bird flocks dancing across the landscape, a distant cacophony (刺耳的嘈杂声) 2 above the fields. They were jackdaws (寒鸦), the smallest member of the crow family.
Research led by Masters student Alex Dibnah asked: Why are jackdaws so loud when they 3 Then he began to work with a team. The team’s 4 was that the morning calls might be a jackdaw version of “ 5 ”. Each individual’s call might 6 as an “I’m in!” helping them coordinate(协调) their 7 .
To test this, the researchers artificially 8 call levels during the jackdaws’ morning cacophony using speakers at their sleeping sites. When extra calls were played, the jackdaws 9 earlier, showing they use calls as a check-in system.
Individual jackdaws 10 from leaving with the flock because they get more social information like where to find food, they can maximize their time spent finding food, and they’re less ·· being attacked. This sort of decision-making isn’t ·1 to jackdaws — it’s been reported in other species as well.
So, the cacophony of jackdaws in the morning is a clever solution to ·3 a large group. If you’re ·4 by the noise, find comfort in the fact that the louder they get, the sooner they’ll leave you in ·5 .
1．A．frightening B．peaceful C．familiar D．unusual
2．A．fading B．stopping C．changing D．rising
3．A．fly B．gather C．appear D．return
4．A．evidence B．theory C．experiment D．difficulty
5．A．fitting in B．breaking in C．stepping in D．signing in
6．A．resign B．count C．check D．rank
7．A．movement B．progress C．gesture D．demand
8．A．created B．graded C．increased D．maintained
9．A．settled B．left C．escaped D．arrived
10．A．benefit B．learn C．suffer D．keep
11．A．in defense of B．in control of C．at risk of D．at the sight of
12．A．common B．essential C．open D．unique
13．A．joining B．organizing C．mastering D．warning
14．A．bothered B．impressed C．surprised D．fascinated
15．A．trouble B．wonder C．peace D．charge
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·河北·高三大数据应用调研联合测评Ⅲ）
Imagine a food that has been popular in China for over two thousand years. This dish is known as “Roujiamo”, 1 translates to “meat sandwich”, and it’s considered one of China’s most popular street foods. You may 2 (hear) about this ancient delicacy, but do you know the fascinating history behind it
The origins of Roujiamo can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty, where it was 3 (primary) consumed by the emperor’s soldiers. The dish consists 4 a flatbread filled with meat, along with herbs, spices, and a variety of vegetables. Nowadays, you can find this 5 (taste) treat all over China, from street stands to high-end restaurants.
One of the most remarkable things about Roujiamo is 6 (it) multiply function. It can be made with different types of meat, such as beef, pork, or lamb, and even vegetarians are available. The bread used for the sandwich is also 7 important aspect of the dish, with some variations including sesame (芝麻) or whole wheat bread. The result is a delicious and filling meal that can 8 (enjoy) by people from all walks of life.
In 9 (conclude), Roujiamo is not just a burger; it’s a symbol of China’s rich food history. It has stood the test of time, 10 (make) a favorite among locals and tourists alike.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何使用悉尼公交的一种乘车证。SydneyPass提供3，5，7天不等的 悉尼的海港城市，海湾和海滩等地旅游路线。 1. 细节推理题。根据第二段最后一句CityRailservices (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city 可判断，故选 D. 2. 细节推理题。根据AllSydneyPasses include a freeAirport Express inward trip 可知有乘车卡可以节省来往机 场的费用，故选A. 3. 推理判断题。根据图表和下面的说明可知：Childrenunder4yearstravelfree，说明三岁的孩子免费，所以 两个成年人是240元加上两个小孩120元，共360元。故选C.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一开始经常缺席儿子的比赛，直到一次儿子在演讲中吐露心声后，作者决定试图积极参与孩子们的比赛的故事。 4. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The stands were always filled with family members to support their favorite players. I attended each of my son’s games. His father worked nights for years, and missed out on most of his games. My son Jorden knew if his dad could, he would be there sitting right beside me.”（看台上总是坐满了支持他们最喜欢的球员的家庭成员。我儿子的每场比赛我都去看了。他的父亲常年上夜班，错过了他的大部分比赛。我的儿子乔登知道，如果他爸爸可以，他会坐在我身边。）可知，乔登的父亲很少有机会观看乔登的比赛。故选B项。 5 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It wasn’t until when he was asked to give a speech at his baseball event that he made it very clear not only to me but a room filled with over 150 people just how important it is to have extra fans in the stands.”（乔登从来没有让我相信这让他感到困扰，但显然他确实感到困扰。直到他被邀请在他的棒球活动上发表演讲时，他才向我，也向一个坐满150多人的房间清楚地表明，看台上有更多的球迷是多么重要。）可推知，从乔登的演讲中我们能了解到他渴望得到更多人的支持。故选D项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“His speech was anything but like I thought it would be. It wasn’t short and bittersweet. It wasn’t his quick thank you to his coaches and teammates. He poured his heart out, saying he seldom had grandparents, aunts or uncles coming to support him. He was grateful that his teammates’ family members showed up to support not just their own loved ones but the entire team of boys. Clearly Jorden desired more than just me.”（他的演讲完全不像我想象的那样。它并不短暂，也不是苦乐参半。这不是他对教练和队友的快速感谢。他倾吐心声，说他很少有祖父母、阿姨或叔叔来支持他。他很感激队友的家人不仅支持自己的亲人，还支持整个球队。显然乔登想要的不只是我。）可推知，作者认为乔登的演讲是令人吃惊的。故选C项。 7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As he struggled to get each word out through tears, I promised I would attend as many events of the children around as I possibly could. There was no way I could allow another child to feel what my son was feeling. This small simple gesture would mean so much to any child.”（当他含泪挣扎着说出每一个字时，我向他保证，我会尽可能多地参加周围孩子们的活动。我不可能让另一个孩子感受我儿子的感受。这个简单的举动对任何一个孩子来说都意义重大。）可知， 对于乔登的演讲，作者决定试图积极参与孩子们的比赛。故选A项。
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们很容易对那些宣称可以减缓阿尔茨海默氏症(老年痴呆症中最常见的一种)病情发展的药物表示怀疑。然而，一种名为Lecanemab的新药可能是真正的药物。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“The trial involved 1795 participants who were in the early stages of the illness. Half received the drug The others, a placebo. It showed two things. One was the modest but measurable slowing of progression. The other was that an explanation of Alzheimers called the Amyloid Hypothesis seems correct.”（该试验涉及1795名处于疾病早期阶段的参与者。一半人服用药物，另一半人服用安慰剂。这说明了两件事。其中之一是缓慢但可测量的进展。另一个是对阿尔茨海默症的一种解释叫做淀粉样蛋白假说似乎是正确的。）可知，我们可以从前两段中了解到并非所有参与者都服用了这种新药。故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Amyloid is a protein which accumulates in parts of the brains of those with Alzheimers, which is an established sign of the illness. Lecanemab, containing a special antibody, is found to be able to attach itself to amyloid and then attracts immune-system cells to clear the protein away (and measurably did so in those receiving the drug). That suggests amyloid does indeed directly create problems associated with dementia and that Lecanemab can slow down the development of the disease.”（淀粉样蛋白是阿尔茨海默氏症患者大脑中积聚的一种蛋白质，这是该疾病的一个明确迹象。Lecanemab含有一种特殊的抗体，被发现能够附着在淀粉样蛋白上，然后吸引免疫系统细胞将蛋白质清除掉(在接受该药物的患者中确实如此)。这表明淀粉样蛋白确实会直接导致与痴呆症相关的问题，而Lecanemab可以减缓疾病的发展。）可知，作者通过说明药物与体内淀粉样蛋白的相互作用来说明新药的有效性。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Moreover, Lecanemab also caused swelling and bleeding of the brain in a number of participants.”（此外，Lecanemab还导致一些参与者大脑肿胀和出血。）可知，它会引起一些副作用是新药的缺点。故选B项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now that the new drug has been shown to work, it can be followed up with further tests. Hope for more good news soon.”（既然这种新药已被证明有效，就可以进行进一步的试验了。希望很快会有更多的好消息。）可推知，作者认为Lecanemab是有希望的。故选C项。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要通过“路缘坡效应”讲述了当社会为弱势群体创造便利时，可能也会同时帮助其他群体，从而惠及所有人。 12. 短语猜测题。根据第三段中画线词前一句“That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps to help them move along city blocks without assistance.(对于坐轮椅的人来说，这是一件大事，因为没有坡道可以帮助他们在没有帮助的情况下沿着城市街区移动。)”可知，在没有坡道时，坐轮椅的人没有办法上下路缘，这里一位残疾人权益领导说一个六英尺高的路缘“might as well have been Mount Everest”，即相当于珠穆朗玛峰，由此可推测出，这暗示了一个六英尺高的路缘对坐轮椅的人来说是一个难以通过的障碍。故选B。 13. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity as ‘a zero-sum game(零和游戏)’ and that it is commonly believed that there is a ‘prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another.’(Blackwell正确地指出，许多人将公平视为‘零和游戏’，人们普遍认为存在‘有成见的社会怀疑：故意支持一个群体会伤害另一个群体。’)”可知，许多人认为公平是“零和游戏”，即一方的收益必然造成另一方的损失，他们普遍认为故意支持一个群体会伤害另一个群体。由此可推测出，许多人认为公平对待所有人是不可能的。故选C。 14. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“What the curb cut effect shows though, Blackwell said, is that ‘when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully, everyone wins.’(不过，Blackwell说，路缘坡效应表明，‘当社会创造环境，让那些落后的人能够充分参与并做出贡献时，每个人都会赢。’)”可知，路缘坡效应表明，当社会创造环境，让那些落后的人能够充分参与并做出贡献时，每个人都会赢。结合四个选项可知，代表先进技术中国四大发明传入当时条件落后的西方，让西方国家学习到了新技术，同时为欧洲人开辟新航路、打开世界市场提供了条件，从而给整个世界带来了改变，这是共赢的局面。故选B。 15. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，最后一段“So, next time you cross the street, or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut, that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage, has helped not just that group, but all of us.(所以，下次你过马路，或者把行李箱推过人行横道，或者直接骑自行车上人行道时，想想路缘坡，这种设计上的改变打破了对弱势群体的排斥，不仅帮助了这一群体，也帮助了我们所有人。)”进行了总结，路缘坡这种设计不仅帮助了弱势群体，也帮助了所有人，这就是“路缘坡效应”，当我们关心弱势群体时，也可能最后让所有人受益。故选A。
【答案】16．F 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了科学研究揭示父母的幸福和孩子的积极发展之间的深远联系，父母的幸福似乎对孩子的情感、社交和认知发展有着重要的影响。 16．上文“It seems that parental happiness has an important influence on the emotional, social, and cognitive (认知的) development of children.”（父母的幸福似乎对孩子的情感、社交和认知发展有着重要的影响。）讲的是父母的幸福对孩子的影响，以及下文“If they know their mental and emotional happiness has an impact on their children, perhaps it can motivate them to view it as part of being a good parent.”（如果他们知道他们的精神和情感上的幸福对他们的孩子有影响，也许这可以激励他们把它看作是一个好父母的一部分。）介绍具体的某一个方面的影响，F项This can happen when parents prioritize their own happiness according to Inc.（根据Inc的说法，当父母优先考虑自己的幸福时，这种情况就会发生。）承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 17．下文“For example, they can join in activities that bring them joy and satisfaction.”（例如，他们可以参加给他们带来快乐和满足的活动。）举例讲参加快乐和满足的活动。由此可推知，空格处应为父母可以通过行动来提升幸福感。D项Parents can adopt practical ways to enhance their own happiness.（父母可以采取切实可行的方法来提高自己的幸福感。）符合此推断，下文是对空格处内容的具体解释。故选D项。 18．上文“The idea is twofold.”（这个想法是双重的。）提到两种主意。以及下文“At the same time, the shared experiences and showing their children how happy they are to do something they love can be incredibly valuable as well.”（与此同时，分享经验并向孩子展示他们做自己喜欢的事情是多么快乐也是非常有价值的。）讲的是另外一种主意。由此可推断出空格处内容为其中之一的想法或主意。G项Firstly, the parents continue to be themselves and do something they love.（首先，父母继续做自己，做自己喜欢的事情。）为一方面的想法和主意，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 19．由该空格处位于该段句尾可知，为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“One of the main aspects of being happy parents is feeling comfortable, confident and able to be themselves, despite their new status and huge responsibility. Honestly, when parents prioritize their own happiness, it has positive effects on the overall happiness of the family.”（成为快乐父母的一个主要方面是感到舒适、自信、能够做自己，尽管他们有新身份和巨大的责任。老实说，当父母优先考虑自己的幸福时，它对家庭的整体幸福有积极的影响。）讲的是父母优先考虑自己的幸福时，对家庭的整体幸福有积极的影响。E项A joyful and harmonious family environment benefits everyone involved.（一个快乐和谐的家庭环境使每个人都受益。）和上文内容相关，为总结该段内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 20．上文“When parents put their own happiness first, they become role models for their kids. They see the importance of self-care, pursuing passions and maintaining healthy relationships.”（当父母把自己的幸福放在第一位时，他们就会成为孩子们的榜样。他们看到了自我照顾、追求激情和维持健康关系的重要性。）讲的是父母成为孩子们的榜样，看到了自我照顾技能等生活态度。B项They are passing on some major life skills and attitudes.（他们正在传授一些重要的生活技能和态度。）和上文内容意思一致，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍由硕士生亚历克斯·迪布纳（Alex Dibnah）领导着做了一项关于为什么寒鸦聚集时声音大的研究。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在冬天的早晨，我会看到熟悉的景象，成群的鸟在风景中跳舞，远处的嘈杂声在田野上空升起。A. frightening令人害怕的；B. peaceful和平的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. unusual不同寻常的。根据上文“would walk the same route along the local canal each evening”可知，亚历克斯·迪布纳每天晚上都会沿着当地的运河走同样的路，所以他看到的是每天都会看见的熟悉的景象。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. fading褪色；B. stopping停止；C. changing改变；D. rising上升。根据下文“above the fields”可知，远处的嘈杂声在田野上空升起。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由硕士生亚历克斯·迪布纳领导着做的研究问道：为什么寒鸦聚集时声音这么大？A. fly飞；B. gather聚集；C. appear出现；D. return回来。根据下文“showing they use calls as a check-in system”可知，寒鸦声音这么大是在它们早上聚集时发出的。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该团队的理论是，早上的叫声可能是寒鸦版的“签到”。A. evidence证明；B. theory理论；C. experiment实验；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“was that the morning calls might be a jackdaw version of “　　5　　” .”可知，接下来是亚历克斯·迪布纳先推测的理论结果。故选B。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第4题详解。A. fitting in适应；B. breaking in破门而入；C. stepping in迈进；D. signing in签到。根据下文“Each individual’s call might 　　6　　 as an “I’m in!” helping them coordinate(协调) their 　　7　　.”和“showing they use calls as a check-in system”可知，寒鸦早上的叫声可能是寒鸦版的“签到”。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个成员的喊叫都可以认为是“我加入了！”帮助他们协调行动。A. resign辞职；B. count计数，认为；C. check检查；D. rank排名。根据下文“as an “I’m in!””可知，这里指每个寒鸦成员的喊叫都被认为是“我加入了！”的信号。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. movement移动；B. progress进步；C. gesture姿势；D. demand要求。根据下文“When extra calls were played, the jackdaws 　　9　　 earlier, showing they use calls as a check-in system.”可知，这里指寒鸦成员的叫声协调了它们的到来和离开的行动。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了测试这一点，研究人员在寒鸦睡觉的地方使用扬声器，人为地增加了它们早上发出刺耳声音时的叫声水平。A. created创造；B. graded分级；C. increased增加；D. maintained保持。根据下文“using speakers”可知，研究人员使用扬声器，应该是人为地增加了它们早上发出刺耳声音时的叫声水平。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当播放额外的喊叫时，寒鸦会提前离开，这表明它们将叫声作为登记系统。A. settled定居；B. left离开；C. escaped逃脱；D. arrived到达。根据上文“When extra calls were played”和下文“leaving with the flock”可知，当额外的叫声被播放时，寒鸦会当成是要离开的信号，所以会提前离开。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：个体寒鸦从与群体一起离开中受益，因为它们可以获得更多的社会信息，比如在哪里寻找食物，它们可以最大限度地延长寻找食物的时间，而且它们被攻击的风险更小。A. benefit获益；B. learn学习；C. suffer遭受；D. keep保持。根据下文“because they get more social information like where to find food, they can maximize their time spent finding food”可知，这是和寒鸦群体一起离开中得到的好处。故选A。 11．考查介词短语辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. in defense of防御；B. in control of控制；C. at risk of冒险；D. at the sight of看见。根据上文“Individual jackdaws 　　10　　 from leaving with the flock”可知，这是个体寒鸦和寒鸦群体一起离开中得到的好处，所以个体寒鸦被攻击的风险应该是更小。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种决策并非寒鸦独有，其他物种也有报道。A. common常见的；B. essential基础的；C. open开的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“it’s been reported in other species as well”可知，其他物种也有报道这种决策，所以它并非寒鸦独有的。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，早上寒鸦的嘈杂声是组织一大群成员的聪明解决方案。A. joining加入；B. organizing组织；C. mastering精通；D. warning警告。根据上文“the cacophony of jackdaws in the morning is a clever solution to”可知，早上寒鸦的嘈杂声应该是组织一大群成员的聪明解决方案。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你被噪音困扰，请从噪音越大，越早让你平静下来这一事实中找到安慰。A. bothered打扰；B. impressed给…印象；C. surprised使吃惊；D. fascinated迷住。根据下文“by the noise”可知，这里应该是指人们会被寒鸦的喊叫烦扰。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. trouble麻烦；B. wonder奇迹；C. peace和平；D. charge控告。根据上文“find comfort in the fact that the louder they get, the sooner they’ll leave you in”可知，寒鸦叫的声音越大越早，说明它们会越早离开，就会让你越早平静下来。故选C。
【答案】1．which 2．have heard 3．primarily 4．of 5．tasty 6．its 7．an 8．be enjoyed 9．conclusion 10．making 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肉夹馍的历史和受欢迎程度。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这道菜被称为“肉夹馍”，翻译过来就是“肉三明治”，被认为是中国最受欢迎的街头小吃之一。分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 2．考查情态动词+have done。句意：你可能听说过这种古老的美食，但你知道它背后的迷人历史吗 根据下文“but do you know the fascinating history behind it (但你知道它背后的迷人历史吗 )”可知，此处指可能已经听说过这种古老美食，表示对过去的推测，且情态动词may后面应该跟动词原形，所以用have+过去分词。故填have heard。 3．考查副词。句意：肉夹馍的起源可以追溯到秦朝，当时主要由皇帝的士兵食用。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的副词形式primarily作状语修饰动词consumed。故填primarily。 4．考查介词。句意：这道菜是由一个充满肉的面饼、香草、香料和各种蔬菜组成的。根据空格前的consists可知，此处用介词of构成固定短语consist of表示“由……构成”。故填of。 5．考查形容词。句意：如今，你可以在中国各地找到这种美味的食物，从街头小摊到高档餐厅。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的形容词形式tasty作定语修饰名词treat。故填tasty。 6．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：肉夹馍最引人注目的一点是它的多重功能。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的形容词性物主代词its作定语修饰名词function表示“它的”多重功能。故填its。 7．考查冠词。句意：用于三明治的面包也是这道菜的一个重要方面，包括芝麻或全麦面包的一些变化。分析句意可知，此处是泛指“一个”重要方面，且important是以元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。 8．考查被动语态。句意：其结果是一个美味和充实的饭，可以享受来自各行各业的人。根据下文的by可知，此处用被动语态，再根据空格前的can可知，应该用be+过去分词。故填be enjoyed。 9．考查名词。句意：总之，肉夹馍不仅仅是一个汉堡；它是中国丰富的饮食历史的象征。根据空格前的In可知，此处用提示词的名词形式conclusion构成固定搭配in conclusion表示“总之”。故填conclusion。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它经受住了时间的考验，成为当地人和游客的最爱。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作结果状语状语，再分析句意，此处表示顺理成章，自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【17】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·江苏南通·海门市高三上学期第二次调研）
MiG Prize 2022
The Michel Gelrubin Architecture Prize is designed to bring out new talents by giving students an opportunity for international recognition. Open internationally, the Prize is awarded annually to honor students whose work demonstrates a combination of vision and talent in the art of architecture and planning.
This Year’s Challenge
This year’s competition invites proposals for projects that integrate at least 3 different uses into a building. The projects should include private and public spaces, and consider the urban context.
Timeline
Launch: August 1st,2022
Registration Deadline: September 15th,2022(registration is free)
Submission Deadline: November 19th,2022
Result Announcement: December 17th,2022
Prizes
First prize $5,000
Second prize $2,500
Third Prize $1,500
The Jury(评委会)
The projects will be scored based on their originality, design, environmental effects, and presentation.
Participation
The competition is open to any student studying architecture during the academic year2022-2023. Candidates can apply as individuals or as teams.
Materials
Electronic submission of the project files must include:
· Posters that integrate the documents explaining the project(plans, sections, elevations, photos, renderings (透视图) , illustrations, images, diagrams, and text)
A presentation of the project(max 15 slides)
A video file (max 3 min.) is optional but highly recommended.
All the documents must be written in English and sent in a PDF format(except the videos).
For more information, see https://.
1．What do we know about the competition
A．It offers $1,500 for second prize.
B．It is open to all graduates in architecture.
C．It charges an all-time low registration fee this year.
D．It focuses on designing a mixed-use building this year.
2．By which time should all the project files be handed in
A．August 1st,2022. B．September 15th,2022.
C．November 19th,2022. D．December 17th,2022.
3．Which of the following must be included in the submission
A．Integrated posters in the English version.
B．A video file of no more than 3 minutes.
C．A presentation of no less than 15 slides.
D．Paper documents explaining the project.
B
（2023·山东济南·统考三模）
Sometimes people can find new interest in old things. For me, it was discovering a love for ballet more than 15 years after I first started training.
My parents put me in ballet classes as a young girl and I just sort of kept going. I don’t know I had any particular passion for it. I quitted. It felt like I was slowly closing a chapter in my life, with no particular sorrow about the matter.
Years later, something, maybe boredom, led me to a decision to start classes at a studio, where I met a group of middle-aged ballet lovers, all of them starting ballet as adults.
Stepping into the ballet studio again unearthed a whole set of unexpected feelings. I wasn’t strong or flexible enough to accomplish moves that used to be second nature. I had to stop to adjust my breath after each combination in the center. Mostly, I felt ashamed. But those women cheered me on. The longer I watched them in class, the more I was moved. This was the point staring me right in the face—it didn’t matter; they just loved to dance. Their passion for ballet helped me see it in a new light. It didn’t need to be competitive; it was something people did for fun, no matter what their skill level is. Slowly, it began to feel challenging in a good way. I started having fun. I’ve found that when we dance, it’s an exercise in directing our energy to a number of different areas.
When we stepped on stage for our year-end performance, I felt the effects of that sustained attention and my body flowed through well-practiced movements. I was totally lost in bright stage lights and felt the whole world belonged to me. After the performance, one of the audience came to me and remarked, “Wow, I can tell you really like to dance!” I smiled and nodded. It was true.
4. What did the author think of ballet at first
A. It opened a new page in her life.
B. It required great determination.
C. It killed her passion for dance.
D. It made little difference to her.
5. What inspired the author’s interest in ballet
A. Her parents’ encouragement.
B. The easy atmosphere in class.
C. Other dancers’ love for ballet.
D. Modern instruments in the studio.
6. What can best describe the yearend performance
A. Satisfactory. B. Improvable.
C. Regretful. D. Creative.
7. What can be learned from the text
A. Success needs enthusiasm.
B. Passion can be awakened.
C. Talent matters a great deal.
D. Ambition is a key to growth.,
C
（2023·广东东莞·东莞实验中学校考一模）
Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), created by openAI, an AI and research company, is a natural language processing tool driven by AI technology that allows you to have human-like conversations and much more with a chatbot. The language model can answer questions, and assist you with tasks such as composing emails, essays and code.
ChatGPT is powered by a large language model, or LLM, meaning it’s programmed to understand human language and generate responses based on a large amount of data. What makes ChatGPT so impressive is its ability to log context from user’s earlier messages in a thread and use it to form responses later in the conversation.
According to analysis by Swiss bank UBS, ChatGPT is the fastest growing up app of all time. In January, only two months after its launch, UBS analysis estimates that ChatGPT had 100 million active users. For comparison, it took nine months for TikTok to reach 100 million.
Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has limitations. Instead of asking for clarification on ambiguous questions, the model just takes a guess at what your question means. “The primary problem is that the answers that ChatGPT produces have a high rate of being incorrect,” says Stack Overflow moderators in a post. Critics argue that these tools are just very good at putting words into an order that makes sense from a statistical pint of view, but they cannot understand the meaning or know whether the statements it makes are correct. Another major limitation is that ChatGPT’s data is limited to 2021.
ChatGPT is an advanced chatbot that has the potential to make people’s lives easier and to assist with everyday tiring tasks, such as writing an email or having to navigate the web for answers. However, there are certain technical details that have to be figured out before it’s widely used, to prevent negative outcomes such as the spread of misinformation. In general, this AI model relies on lots of training and fine-tuning to reach a level of ideal performance.
8．What can we learn about ChatGPT from the first paragraph
A．What its potential market is. B．It is developed jointly by two companies.
C．Why it enjoys great popularity. D．It is a conversational AI tool.
9．What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A．Context. B．ChatGPT’s ability. C．A thread. D．LLM.
10．What is a limitation of ChatGPT
A．Low efficiency. B．Disordered words.
C．Poor accuracy. D．Frequent crashes.
11．What is the author’s attitude to ChatGPT
A．Unclear. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Satisfied.
D
（2023·四川成都·校联考二模）
A sheet of transparent new material at a University of Maryland lab looks like it might be plastic. But it’s actually wood—and it could eventually be used to make energy-efficient windows or even see-through buildings.
"Compared to glass, wood has lower heat conductivity, and it's lighter, stronger, and more environmentally friendly," says Liangbing Hu, a materials science professor at the University of Maryland and one of the authors of a new study of the material.
The idea is to employ the material in buildings. With a window made from transparent wood instead of glass, for example, a building would take less energy to heat and cool. Because of the structure of the wood, the windows could also reduce glare from the sun while allowing in natural light.
Researchers have experimented with transparent wood in the past, but the new method is more sustainable.
Other methods usually put the wood in a chemical compound Nacl to remove lignin, part of the wood that gives it structure. But this can weaken the wood, and it produces waste that is hard to recycle. Hu and his team made slight changes to the process so it doesn't fully remove the lignin. By brushing hydrogen peroxide(过氧化物) over the wood and leaving it under a UV light, they removed only the parts of the lignin that give it color. The result is transparent wood that can be coated in epoxy(环氧树脂).
It’s just one of a number of ways scientists and engineers are rethinking how we can use this renewable resource in construction. Skyscrapers made entirely out of wood are gaining popularity in cities around the world. And scientists recently discovered a technique to grow wood in a lab, opening up the possibility of using wood without having to cut down a forest.
The transparent wood is 50% stronger than previous transparent wood and could even be used to build load-bearing walls in a building. It could also potentially be used in other ways, such as layers used in solar cells. A new company called InventWood is working to commercialize the technology.
12．Why would people like to choose transparent wood in their buildings in preference to glass
A．It can conduct heat more quickly.
B．It is lighter and more delicate.
C．It can let light in with less heat.
D．It has higher energy consumption.
13．Compared with the experiment in the past, what is the difference of the new method
A．The new method is less environmentally friendly.
B．The new method can make the wood weaker.
C．Researchers brushed Nacl over the wood.
D．Researchers only took away the lignin related to color.
14．Which of the following statements may the author agree with
A．This see-through wood can replace glass windows.
B．This see-through wood is in mass production.
C．This transparent wood has been grown in labs.
D．This transparent wood is only popular in cities.
15．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on
A．The advantages of transparent wood.
B．The prospect of transparent wood.
C．The production of transparent wood.
D．The companies of transparent wood.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东·华南师大附中南海实验高中校考阶段练习）
How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day 16 That case, time is limited for you to do other meaningful things. Managing your time effectively, therefore, becomes a matter of critical importance. Here are many things you can do.
Work out a plan in advance.
17 This will give you a measure of control over what is going to happen. Whether it is a planner that you stick on the wall or a calendar app on your smartphone, finding an organizing tool that works well for you is essential. Then, record all important events such as exams, projects and rehearsals, so that you can prepare accordingly.
18
This is about the skill of organization. It refers to arranging your personal space at home. So when doing your homework, you are in a tidy place, free from distractions. This includes putting away your mobile phone until you have finished everything that needs to be done.
Prioritize (优先考虑) what needs doing.
There is only a limited amount of time in a day, and even with good planning and organization, it is not always possible to complete everything that needs to be done. In such circumstances, you will have to decide which task should be completed first. You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance. 19 Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.
Once you start taking little steps every day to plan, organize and prioritize the activities you intend to devote your energy, skills and talents to, you can spare more time to stay with family and friends, pursue a hobby or work on personal development. 20
A. Create favourable conditions.
B. This classification is your ultimate goal.
C. Balancing them is really a challenge for you.
D. This classification will help determine your priority.
E. Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.
F. These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.
G. You will end up reaping (收获) the rewards of time management.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·福建泉州·高三上学期毕业班质量监测（二））
Harry Burleigh headed into the woods for a camping trip with his fishing equipment. A few days later, his wife Stacy grew 1 when he didn’t come home as planned.
Stacy called the 2 to report her husband’s missing. Search and rescue teams 3 began their work and went on for days, but there was no 4 of Harry anywhere. Everyone was worried — the temperatures were quite low some nights, and it had even snowed.
On May 15, the rescuers finally caught a break when they 5 a shelter and his fishing equipment. They 6 support from over 16 rescue organizations, and they explored every possible 7 but with no luck. Therefore, the rescuers 8 him a lighter and a note telling him to make a 9 and they would be back. Two days later, a team found another 10 , but this time, Harry was nearby and heard his name called! It turned out he was 11 along the path with minor pain.
12 , the crew radioed for a helicopter to take him to the hospital for a complete evaluation after spending 17 long days out.
“This was the 13 we all have been looking for in this case,” a rescuer said. “It is our 14 search and rescue teams and the partnerships we have with other teams that helped 15 Mr. Burleigh and his family.”
1．A．excited B．concerned C．annoyed D．puzzled
2．A．authorities B．hospital C．agencies D．family
3．A．hesitantly B．instantly C．secretly D．suddenly
4．A．news B．hope C．sign D．wonder
5．A．spotted B．offered C．sought D．constructed
6．A．turned down B．depended on C．called in D．cut off
7．A．equipment B．break C．food D．path
8．A．bought B．left C．presented D．fetched
9．A．fire B．bed C．video D．face
10．A．river B．chance C．team D．shelter
11．A．hunting B．exploring C．walking D．marching
12．A．Amused B．Awkward C．Upset D．Relieved
13．A．cause B．outcome C．award D．evaluation
14．A．determined B．tolerant C．disciplined D．flexible
15．A．affect B．instruct C．encourage D．reunite
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·湖北武汉·武昌实验中学校考模拟预测)
Despite its rapid industrialization, there are still some corners in China that have maintained its original color.
Ancient towns and villages in China are places 1 traditions are well preserved in terms of architecture, lifestyle and folk customs. All of these can be found in Huangyao Ancient Town, one of the most-visited tourist 2 (spot) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
3 (cover) an area of 3.6 square kilometers, Huangyao has a history of nearly 1,000 years 4 its origins dating back to the Song Dynasty. People 5 (carry) on traditional festivals and customs here for hundreds of years up to now. During Chinese Lunar New Year, over 20 traditional performances 6 (hold), including the dragon dance and suona horn show. On July 14 in the Chinese lunar calendar, residents often come to the riverbank and put lanterns into the river 7 (celebrate) Zhongyuan Jie, the Hungry Ghost Festival.
Black soybean is often added to its local food to create an 8 (extreme) distinctive flavor. When you visit, Huangyao tofu is 9 must-try local dish as it is sold only in this town.
It usually takes a day or two to tour around the old town due to its small size, but you can always stay 10 (long) to experience more of its local hospitality and culture.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【解析】本文是应用文。文章是2022年The Michel Gelrubin建筑奖的报名通知。 1．细节理解题。根据This Year’s Challenge的部分中的“This year’s competition invites proposals for projects that integrate at least 3 different uses into a building.(今年的竞赛邀请至少将三种不同用途整合到建筑中的项目提案。)”可知，该公司今年的重点是设计一座多功能建筑。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Timeline部分中的“Submission Deadline: November 19th,2022(投稿截止日期:2022年11月19日)”可知，所有项目文件于2022年11月19日前提交。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据Materials部分中的“Posters that integrate the documents explaining the project(plans, sections, elevations, photos, renderings (透视图) , illustrations, images, diagrams, and text)(整合了项目说明文件(平面图、剖面图、立面图、照片、效果图、插图、图像、图表和文本)的海报)”和“All the documents must be written in English(所有文件必须用英文书写)”可知，提交的电子文件必须包括英文整合项目说明文件(包括平面图、剖面图、立面图、照片、透视图、插图、图片图表和文本)的海报。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。作者尽管小时候学过芭蕾，但是当时没有特别的热情，直到15年以后又重拾芭蕾，并在身边一群成年后开始学习芭蕾舞的同伴们的热情鼓励下体会到了芭蕾带来的乐趣，激发出了对芭蕾的热爱。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“My parents put me in ballet classes as a young girl and I just sort of kept going. I don’t know I had any particular passion for it. I quitted. It felt like I was slowly closing a chapter in my life, with no particular sorrow about the matter. (当我还是个小女孩的时候，我父母就让我去上芭蕾舞课，我就一直在跳。我不知道我对它有什么特别的热情。我离开。感觉就像我在慢慢地结束我生命中的一章，没有特别的悲伤。)”可知，作者在最初接触芭蕾的时候，没什么特别的热情，就算不再继续学也没有特别的恋恋不舍，故推知：芭蕾对于作者没什么影响力。故选D项。 5．推理判断题。根据“I wasn’t strong or flexible enough to accomplish moves that used to be second nature. I had to stop to adjust my breath after each combination in the center. Mostly, I felt ashamed. But those women cheered me on. The longer I watched them in class, the more I was moved. This was the point staring me right in the face—it didn’t matter; they just loved to dance. Their passion for ballet helped me see it in a new light. It didn’t need to be competitive; it was something people did for fun, no matter what their skill level is. Slowly, it began to feel challenging in a good way. I started having fun. I’ve found that when we dance, it’s an exercise in directing our energy to a number of different areas. (我不够强壮，也不够灵活，无法完成那些曾经是我第二天性的动作。每次在中间的组合后，我都要停下来调整呼吸。大多数时候，我感到羞愧。但那些女人为我加油。我在课堂上看得越久，我就越被感动。这一点就在我眼前——没关系；他们只是喜欢跳舞。他们对芭蕾的热情让我对芭蕾有了新的认识。它不需要竞争；这是人们为了好玩而做的事情，无论他们的技术水平如何。慢慢地，我开始觉得这是一种好的挑战。我开始玩得很开心。我发现，当我们跳舞时，这是一种将我们的能量引导到许多不同领域的练习。)”可知，尽管作者动作不到位，还容易使自己累着，同伴们给了她鼓励，所以激发作者对芭蕾的兴趣的是一起上课的其他的跳舞者对芭蕾的热情，故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When we stepped on stage for our year-end performance, I felt the effects of that sustained attention and my body flowed through well-practiced movements. I was totally lost in bright stage lights and felt the whole world belonged to me. After the performance, one of the audience came to me and remarked, ‘Wow, I can tell you really like to dance!’ I smiled and nodded. It was true. (当我们走上舞台进行年终演出时，我感受到了这种持续关注的影响，我的身体在精心练习的动作中流淌。我完全迷失在明亮的舞台灯光下，感觉整个世界都属于我。演出结束后，一位观众走过来对我说：‘哇，我看得出来你真的很喜欢跳舞!’我微笑着点了点头。这是真的。)”可知，这次表演很成功，连观众都能看出作者喜欢跳舞，作者也认同，可推知，作者对于这次表演很满意。故选A项。 7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“For me, it was discovering a love for ballet more than 15 years after I first started training. (对我来说，这是我在第一次开始训练超过15年后才发现对芭蕾舞的热爱。)”，本文介绍了作者尽管小时候学过芭蕾，但是当时没有特别的热情，直到多年以后又重拾芭蕾，并在一群成年后开始学习芭蕾舞的同伴们的热情鼓励下体会到了芭蕾带来的乐趣，故从文中我们可以了解“Passion can be awakened.(激情可以被唤醒。)”，故选B项。
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT的概念，发展，局限以及未来。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), created by openAI, an AI and research company, is a natural language processing tool driven by AI technology that allows you to have human-like conversations and much more with a chatbot. The language model can answer questions, and assist you with tasks such as composing emails, essays and code.(聊天生成型预训练转换器是由人工智能和研究公司openAI开发的，是一种由人工智能技术驱动的自然语言处理工具，可以让你与会话机器人进行类似人类的对话，甚至更多。语言模型可以回答问题，并帮助你完成诸如编写电子邮件、论文和代码等任务。)”可知，ChatGPT是一个对话式的人工智能工具。故选D项。 9．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“What makes ChatGPT so impressive is its ability to log context from user’s earlier messages in a thread(使ChatGPT如此令人印象深刻的是它能够记录用户在线程中的早期消息的语境)”说明ChatGPT可以记录用户在线程中的早期消息的上下文，从而推知划线词句“and use it to form responses later in the conversation.(在稍后的对话中使用它来做出回复。)”其中划线词应为“语境”的意思。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The primary problem is that the answers that ChatGPT produces have a high rate of being incorrect(主要问题是ChatGPT生成的答案错误率很高)”可知，ChatGPT的局限是精确性较差。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“ChatGPT is an advanced chatbot that has the potential to make people’s lives easier and to assist with everyday tiring tasks, such as writing an email or having to navigate the web for answers. However, there are certain technical details that have to be figured out before it’s widely used, to prevent negative outcomes such as the spread of misinformation.(ChatGPT是一款先进的会话机器人，它有可能使人们的生活更轻松，并帮助人们完成日常繁重的任务，比如写电子邮件或浏览网页寻找答案。然而，在广泛使用之前，必须弄清楚某些技术细节，以防止诸如错误信息传播等负面后果。)”可知，作者既介绍了ChatGPT的优点，强大的功能赋予它减轻人们日常繁重任务的潜力，也指出了它的局限性，它提供的答案准确性有限且基于的数据不是最新的。由此推知，作者对ChatGPT持客观的态度。故选B项。
【答案】12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了透明木头这一新型的建筑材料的制作原理及诸多优点，并可能在其他方面的潜在用途。 12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“wood has lower heat conductivity, and it's lighter, stronger, and more environmentally friendly (木头具有更低的热传导性，并且它更轻、更结实也更环保)”和第三段“the windows could also reduce glare from the sun while allowing in natural light (窗户也能减少阳光照射的强度，并同时让自然光照射进屋子)”可知，安装透明木材装修家受到很多人的青睐，因为它具有很多优点。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“they removed only the parts of the lignin that give it color(他们只移除了部分的让木头有颜色的木质素)”可知，跟之前的实验不一样的地方在于，这些研究者只移除了赋予木头颜色的木质素，故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据文章首段“But it’s actually wood—and it could eventually be used to make energy-efficient windows or even see-through buildings (但事实上，它是木头，并且它可以被用于制作节能型的窗户或者透视大楼)”可知，作者认为透明木头有可能取代现在的玻璃窗户。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章尾段“It could also potentially be used in other ways, such as layers used in solar cells. (它也可以有其他多种用途，比如用于太阳能电池的涂层)”可知，文章最后一段主要讲述了透明木头潜在的用途，故选B。
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. G 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何管理时间而展开。 16. 由上文“How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day (你每天花多少时间睡觉、吃饭和通勤？)”可知，设空处所填的句子应该是回答前句，连接后句给出事实的结果。而F项These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.(这些基本活动占据了你一天中很大一部分时间。)符合语境，其中These basic activities和上文sleep, eat and commute 对应。 故选F项。 17. 由上文“Work out a plan in advance.(提前制定一个计划。)”可知，本段主要讲即提前制定计划，而本空设在段首，旨在进一步解释副标题大意。E项Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.(思考即将发生的事件，并列出待办事项。)符合语境，其中make a to-do list与上文Work out a plan 对应。故选E项。 18. 由下文“This is about the skill of organization. It refers to arranging your personal space at home. So when doing your homework, you are in a tidy place, free from distractions. This includes putting away your mobile phone until you have finished everything that needs to be done.(这是关于组织的技巧。它指的是在家里安排你的个人空间。所以，当你做作业时，你在一个整洁的地方，没有分心的事情。这包括把你的手机收起来，直到你完成了所有需要做的事情。)”可知，这段主要讲怎样创造对自己有利的条件。而A项Create favourable conditions.(创造有利条件。)符合语境，其中“arranging”，“a tidy place”，“free from distractions”和“putting away”，与A项“Create favourable conditions”相呼应。故选A项。 19. 由上文“You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance. (你应该根据活动的紧迫性和重要性对其进行分类。)”以及后句“Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.(然后你可以专注于你的目标并坚持下去。)”可知，设空处所填内容应为将活动进行分类的好处，所以D项This classification will help determine your priority.(此分类将有助于确定您的优先级。)符合语境。其中This classification 与上文classify对应。故选D项。 20 由上文“Once you start taking little steps every day to plan, organize and prioritize the activities you intend to devote your energy, skills and talents to, you can spare more time to stay with family and friends, pursue a hobby or work on personal development. (一旦你开始每天采取一些小步骤来计划、组织和优先安排你打算投入精力、技能和才能的活动，你就可以腾出更多的时间与家人和朋友呆在一起，追求爱好或致力于个人发展。)”可知，这里主要讲一旦提前规划、创造环境并对所做事情进行优化排序，人们将收获时间管理带来的好处。所以G项You will end up reaping (收获) the rewards of time management.(你最终会收获时间管理的回报。)符合语境，对上文有总结作用。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Harry Burleigh去露营失踪了，妻子向当局报告，救援队经过不懈搜救终于找到Harry，帮助他和家人团聚的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，他的妻子Stacy开始担心他因为他没有按计划回家。A. excited兴奋的；B. concerned担心的；C. annoyed烦恼的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据前文“Harry Burleigh headed into the woods for a camping trip with his fishing equipment.”和后文“when he didn’t come home as planned”可知，Harry Burleigh去露营但是没有按计划回家，这令妻子很担心。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stacy打电话给当局报告她丈夫失踪了。A. authorities当局；B. hospital医院；C. agencies代理机构；D. family家庭。根据语境和后文“to report her husband’s missing”可知，Stacy打电话给当局报告她丈夫失踪了。故选A项。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：搜救队立即开始了他们的工作，持续了几天，但到处都没有Harry的踪影。A. hesitantly迟疑地；B. instantly立即；C. secretly秘密地；D. suddenly突然。根据前文“to report her husband’s missing”和后文“began their work”可知，得知Harry失踪了，搜救队立即开始搜救工作。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. news新闻；B. hope希望；C. sign踪迹；D. wonder奇迹。根据前文“Search and rescue teams 　　3　　 began their work and went on for days, but there was no”可知，搜救队开始搜救工作，但是没有发现Harry的踪迹。故选C项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：5月15日，救援人员终于找到了突破口，他们发现了一个庇护所和他的捕鱼设备。A. spotted发现；B. offered提供；C. sought寻求；D. constructed建造。根据前文“the rescuers finally caught a break”和后文“a shelter and his fishing equipment”可知，救援人员发现了一个庇护所和Harry的捕鱼设备。故选A项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们顺道向超过16个救援组织寻求帮助，他们探索了每一条可能的道路，但运气不好。A. turned down拒绝；B. depended on依靠；C. called in顺道走访；D. cut off切断。根据后文“support from over 16 rescue organizations”可知，搜救队顺道向超过16个救援组织寻求帮助。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. equipment设备；B. break休息；C. food食物；D. path道路。根据语境和前文“they explored every possible”可知，因为是在寻找失踪的人，搜救队搜索了每一条可能的道路。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，救援人员给他留下了一个打火机和一张纸条，告诉他生火，他们会回来的。A. bought买；B. left留下；C. presented呈现；D. fetched取来。根据后文“him a lighter and a note telling him to make a 　　9　　 and they would be back”可知，救援人员给Harry留下一个打火机和一张纸条。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fire火；B. bed床；C. video视频；D. face脸。根据前文“the rescuers 　　　　 him a lighter and a note telling him to make a”可知，救援人员给Harry留下了一个打火机为了让他生火。故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两天后，一支队伍找到了另一个庇护所，但这一次，Harry就在附近，听到有人叫他的名字！A. river河；B. chance机会；C. team队伍；D. shelter庇护所。根据前文“the rescuers finally caught a break when they 　　　　 a shelter”可知，两天后，一支救援队找到了另一个庇护所。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来他是带着轻微的疼痛沿着小路走着。A. hunting捕猎；B. exploring探索；C. walking走；D. marching行进。根据后文“along the path with minor pain”可知，Harry带着疼痛沿着小路走着。march指像军人一样行进，不符合句意。故选C项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全体工作人员松了一口气，用无线电呼叫了一架直升机，将他送到医院进行全面评估，此前他在外面呆了17天。A. Amused觉得好笑的；B. Awkward尴尬的；C. Upset心烦意乱的；D. Relieved如释重负的。根据前文“Two days later, a team found another 　　　　, but this time, Harry was nearby and heard his name called! It turned out he was 　　　　 along the path with minor pain.”可知，救援人员发现了Harry，他们终于松了一口气。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名救援人员说：“这是我们一直在寻找的结果。”A. cause原因；B. outcome结果；C. award奖；D. evaluation评估。根据前文Harry得救和后文“we all have been looking for in this case, ”以及“It is our 　　　　 search and rescue teams and the partnerships we have with other teams that helped 　　　　 Mr. Burleigh and his family”可知，找到Harry是救援人员一直在寻找的目标和结果。故选B项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“是我们坚定的搜救团队，以及我们与其他团队的合作，帮助Harry和他的家人团聚。”A. determined坚定的；B. tolerant容忍的；C. disciplined遵守纪律的；D. flexible灵活的。根据语境和前文“This was the 　　　　 we all have been looking for in this case”可知，正是搜救队坚定的信念，不放弃搜救，才使Harry得救。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. affect影响；B. instruct指导；C. encourage鼓励；D. reunite团聚。根据语境和后文“Mr. Burleigh and his family”可知，救援队找到了Harry，帮助他和家人团聚。故选D项。
【答案】1. where/whose 2. spots 3. Covering 4. with 5. have carried 6. are held 7. to celebrate 8. extremely 9. a 10. longer 【详解】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黄姚古镇，古镇有悠久的历史，传统习俗保存得很好，特色美食 值得一尝，游客可以领会当地人的热情和地方文化。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：中国的古镇和村庄是建筑、生活方式和民俗方面传统得以保存的地方。分析句子 可知，空处需引导定语从句，修饰先行词places，places在从句中可以作地点状语，也可以作traditions的定语，因此用关系副词where或关系代词whose。故填where/whose。 2. 考查名词的数。句意：所有这些都可以在黄姚古镇找到，黄姚古镇是广西壮族自治区访问量最大的旅游 景点之一。根据句中的“one of”可知，空处需用spot的复数形式，表示“众多访问量最大的旅游景点中的一 个”。故填spots。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：黄姚占地3.6平方公里，有近千年的历史，其起源可以追溯到宋代。分析句子 可知，空处需用非谓语动词的形式，作状语，Huang yao和cover之间是主动关系，需用cover的现在分词形 式，且空处位于句首，covering首字母需大写。故填Covering。 4. 考查介词。句意：黄姚占地3.6平方公里，有近千年的历史，其起源可以追溯到宋代。根据句中的“its origins dating back to the Song Dynasty”可知，此处应用 with sth. doing 的复合结构，表示黄姚历史拥有的起源，空 处应用介词with。故填with。 5. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：几百年来，这里的传统节日和习俗一直延续至今。空处作句子的谓语，时 间状语为for hundreds of years up to now，应用现在完成时，主语People是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。 故填have carried。 6. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在中国农历新年期间，这里举行20多种传统表演，包括舞龙和唢呐表 演。空处作句子的谓语，句子描述的是现在的规律性的事件，应用一般现在时，performances和hold之间 是被动关系，需用被动语态，且performances为复数，be动词用are。故填are held。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国农历七月十四日，居民们经常来到河边，在河里放灯笼来庆祝中元节， 也就是鬼节。分析句子可知，空处需用非谓语动词的形式，celebrate是put lanterns into the river的目的，需 用不定式。故填to celebrate。 8. 考查副词。句意：黑豆经常被添加到当地的食物中，以创造出一种非常独特的味道。分析句子可知，空 处修饰定语distinctive，应用extreme 的副词形式extremely，表示“非常”。故填extremely。 9. 考查冠词。句意：当你来这里的时候，黄姚豆腐是一种必须尝试的当地美食，因为它只在这个镇上出售。 分析句子可知，空处是泛指，表示“一种必须尝试的当地美食”，用不定冠词，must-try以辅音音素开头，用 a。故填a。 10. 考查副词比较级。句意：由于古镇面积不大，通常需要一两天的时间来游览，但你可以多待一段时间， 更多地体验当地的热情好客和文化。根据句中的“It usually takes a day or two to tour around the old town due to its small size”和“but”可知，此处有语义的转折，虽然游览古镇需要的时间不多，但是可以待久一点，空处需 用副词的比较级和more of呼应，表示“更久”。故填longer。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【18】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·湖北武汉·洪山高级中学校考阶段练习)
Does your child love high-tech, writing or specialty arts Attending a summer camp with this focus is a perfect way for them to explore and to experience. Look through our selection and find the perfect fit for your child.
ID Tech Summer Camps
We’re trusted and hosted by the world’s top learning organizations. The right instructor changes everything. With personalized learning, your child will progress at their own pace. Your child can level up to Grade 10, standing out to colleges and future work. We can’t wait to welcome your child to our community of 500,000+ students.
Summer Academic Youth Programs
Summer is the perfect time for pre-college students to explore their career interests. Our programs provide opportunities for students to experience college life while expanding their knowledge and exploring their interests. There are many opportunities including overnight camps.
Independent Lake Camp
It is an overnight summer camp offering impressive activities due to our quality facilities (设备), and talented staff. Started as a non-traditional summer camp, we focus on promoting creativity within each camper and the community and developing individual growth with our personalized scheduling — each camper chooses their own activities.
Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp
Creative writing is taught live online by experienced teachers. Great for ages 7+ and divided into age-based groups, this camp has a limited class size so students can learn fun new skills. Videos will also be made available to all creative writing campers. So, with flexible classes to choose, your child will never miss a beat!
1. Who will be interested in Summer Academic Youth Programs
A. Graduates looking for jobs. B. High schoolers expecting college life.
C. College students seeking more credits. D. College students needing social practice.
2. What do ID Tech Summer Camps and Independent Lake Camp have in common
A. They make arrangements for work. B. They include overnight activities.
C. They offer personalized learning. D. They improve personal creativity.
3. Which camp best suits children with busy summer schedules
A. ID Tech Summer Camp. B. Independent Lake Camp.
C. Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp. D. Summer Academic Youth Programs.
B
（2023·内蒙古赤峰·校联考三模）
Shirley Raines makes the homeless community in Los Angeles’s skid row (贫民区) neighborhood feel human. She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit that provides free food, clothing, hair, and makeup services to the homeless. And Shirley is now the CNN Hero of the Year.
In 1990, Raines’ 2-year-old son Demetrius passed away from accidental poisoning while at his grandma’s house. This event created a lot of pain for Shirley Raines. The pain lasted for many years. And she did not know what to do about it. She struggled to understand what her purpose was in life. Until one day...
Six years ago, Shirley visited skid row with a friend from church who asked her to volunteer. She met a lot of homeless people and realized how much help they needed. Not just in finding a home, but in finding themselves and their own worth and beauty.
Shirley started to volunteer each Saturday. As she got to know the homeless, they often praised her makeup, hair, and style. She started to offer to “make up” the homeless. They loved it, she loved it, they loved her and she loved them. She found purpose. So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time.
Raines started sharing her efforts on Instagram with photos and even live-streaming some of her events. Things took off. She formed her nonprofit Beauty 2 The Streetz, and her followers quickly began donating to grow Shirley’s impact. Her followers grew to over 200,000 people, including many beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make-up artists. Many of them regularly donate money to keep the services rolling. Others donate their time to help Shirley serve the homeless.
Shirley’s boldness, courage, and desire to take action have led to making a real impact on people’s lives. And she also served as a role model and inspiration to others.
4．What do we know about Beauty 2 The Streetz
A．It is formed by Shirley and other kind people.
B．It aims to serve the homeless in several ways.
C．It records some of Shirley’s photos and events.
D．It is a government organization that helps the homeless.
5．Which of the following is TRUE about Shirley
A．She mainly helped the homeless make up.
B．Her son passed away from a traffic accident.
C．She just helped the homeless find their homes.
D．She regularly donated money to the homeless.
6．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A．Shirley’s impact on her community.
B．The ways in which people help Shirley.
C．Why Shirley founded Beauty 2 The Streetz.
D．The growing impact of Beauty 2 The Streetz.
7．What good qualities does Shirley have
A．Brave and smart. B．Devoted and independent.
C．Selfless and caring. D．Ambitious and determined.
C
（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it’s strange to discover they don’t already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.
Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school’s market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program’s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world’s largest no-dig garden. “It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act now,” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve got true community buy-in.”
Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “We’ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light,” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.
8．Why was Farm My School founded
A．To raise the income of the local people.
B．To advocate a commercial farming plan.
C．To provide free food for local communities.
D．To turn underused campus land into market gardens.
9．How do schools involve students into the program
A．By developing program-based courses.
B．By organizing voluntary work in communities.
C．By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens.
D．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes.
10．What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3
A．Competition.
B．Investment.
C．Support.
D．Protection.
11．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben
A．It brings in money to support the school.
B．The school farm will be able to last long.
C．The local people will take care of the farm.
D．Students connect more with the outside world.
D
（2023··江苏徐州·统考二模）
A year of lockdown has brought about some questionable fashion trends. In US suburbs, bathrobes and slippers are now socially-acceptable clothing for a trip to the grocery store.
Ugly shoes are also having moment. Crocs the maker of plastic clogs(木屐) now with market worth of $5. 3 billion, had a record 2020. The distinctive shoes, with their punch(打孔机) hole design, have long been popular with hospital staff. During the COVID-19 outbreak, they have become a sought-after item for those looking for something easy to wear and clean.
The company sold more than 69 million pairs of shoes in 2020 and pulled in nearly $1. 4 billion, a 13% jump from 2019. The share price, up 650 percent from its pandemic low, has set repeated new highs this year.
Birkenstock is another brand riding high on the shift to a more casual lifestyle. The German group recently sold itself to a LVMH-backed group in a 4 billion deal.
The two brands' popularity shows no sign of fading. Poshmark, the second-hand clothing app, said Crocs and Birkenstock remained top trending brands on its site in March. Sales are up sharply for both compared with the year-ago period. Cooperation with celebrities (Justin Bieber for Crocs, women's brand Proenza Schouler for Birkenstock) should help maintain the trend.
The same cannot be said for dress shoes, which were already falling out of fashion. Office closures and fewer special occasions such as weddings and graduations have accelerated the trend. Sales for the category plummeted last year, according to market researchers The NPD Group. These accounted for only 8% of total fashion footwear dollar sales in 2020, compared with 17% in 2017.
People will soon reach again for going-out clothes, more formal than pyjamas. But the market for dress shoes will never recover entirely. The ugly shoe movement is here to stay.
12．What does the underlined word "plummeted" in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Increased sharply. B．Increased slightly.
C．Decreased sharply. D．Decreased slightly.
13．What's the author's opinion about the prospect of ugly shoes
A．Uncertain B．Pessimistic. C．Cautious. D．Confident.
14．What can be the best title of this passage
A．Crocs give dress shoes a kicking. B．Casual clothes are making a comeback.
C．Punch hole design becomes a trend. D．Dress shoes are falling out of fashion.
15．What’s the purpose of this text
A．To recommend new shoes. B．To present a new tendency.
C．To change people’s lifestyle. D．To question a fashion trend
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东·高三金山中学校联考期中）
Teenagers are spending more money than ever. Just last year, 31.6 million teens spent 155 billion, according to the North-brook, Illinois-based market research group Teenage Research Unlimited. 16
Shocked at how much money kids spend Maybe you haven’t checked the price tags lately on some of the younger generation’s must-haves. To some, such luxurious spending on the changeable young might seem unbearable. 17 Timothy Marshall, an associate professor of developmental psychology at Christopher Newport University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenomenon after some research.
One factor is surely the sheer power of marketing through mass media. Teenagers are exposed to an estimated 3,000 advertisements each day. Combine the ads with programming itself, like the fashion-, music- and skin-filled shows on MTV, and you’ve got a large number of messages telling kids what they should own if they want to fit in.
Many working parents probably compensate by spending money on their kids. 18 But also, spending money is often more convenient in our fast-paced society than going to baseball games or other activities.
For many families, of course, keeping up with their children’s costly demands for designer clothing, CDs, and concert tickets is a financial impossibility. Marshall says, even for those families who can afford such luxurious spending, striking a compromise between spoiling the kids and denying them is tricky, but possible.
19 Instead of just giving children the toys or clothing they desire, give them an allowance and show them how they can save up for whatever they want. And don’t be afraid to just say no. Most of the parents are working nine-to-five or even working overtime to make ends meet. Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and developing healthy habits of spending money is of great importance. 20
A．Why do some parents give in
B．How did they persuade parents to pay
C．Teaching kids how to budget and save is key.
D．Kids shouldn’t always take money for granted.
E．Much of that money, of course, comes from parents.
F．We need to step up and tell kids where the boundaries are.
G．There is probably some guilt involved in not spending enough time at home.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·辽宁省沈阳·高三上学期一模）
While enjoying my fresh lunch in a restaurant in Amsterdam, I noticed something odd. Customers coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter (柜台), preferring to 1 through a smart phone.
What was the crazy thing about this They were just several 2 apart! In fact, they were so close that the staff member took a quick 3 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables—all without any words 4 . Now, I get it: Modern technology allows us to be more 5 , but I might be witnessing something deeper: we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
Think about it for a moment. When was the last time you naturally 6 a conversation with somebody you didn’t know The chances are that you don’t even 7 ! Likely either you or the other person was “busy” with other things like 8 with a smartphone. Now, with the 9 of digital technologies, one can’t help but pay the 10 for modern efficiency: our ability to talk to strangers.
We shop, 11 a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app. 12 with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer. Yet there are surprising 13 of having even a short and simple conversation with strangers. You might learn something 14 , and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 15 a special bond in our modern world.
1．A．talk B．call C．order D．deliver
2．A．meters B．millimeters C．kilometers D．centimeters
3．A．chance B．turn C．look D．test
4．A．spoken B．written C．typed D．mentioned
5．A．efficient B．enthusiastic C．effective D．energetic
6．A．ended up B．engaged in C．made up D．went on
7．A．hear B．believe C．remember D．understand
8．A．recording B．studying C．playing D．calculating
9．A．idea B．aim C．problem D．rise
10．A．cash B．price C．debt D．tax
11．A．decorate B．book C．build D．repair
12．A．Contact B．Work C．Quarrel D．Reunion
13．A．interests B．benefits C．disadvantages D．influences
14．A．unrealistic B．unsuitable C．unreasonable D．unexpected
15．A．serves as B．refers to C．accounts for D．consists of
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·广东广州·广州市第三中学校考阶段练习)
The Confucian Analects or The Analects (论语) is a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples (门徒). It 1 (make) in the early Warring States Period, over 70 years after the death of Confucius, from the notes that his disciples took according to the answers 2 their questions.
The present-day analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and contains 3 Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. Ren is rich in content, and varied in form. The core of the concept is “The benevolent love of others” or universal love, 4 is the basic virtue of a gentleman of noble character. Confucius believes that being benevolent does not mean 5 (be) without principles. One should be clear about what 6 (love) or hate. Ren comes from learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person’s appearance. To be sure, li or rites and yue or music are important. 7 , ren is the No.1 principle of being a decent man. It is actually the essence of li and yue. Without ren, li or yue would be 8 (meaning).
Apart from ren, Confucius put forward another concept, which is yi or righteousness. Yi is the codes of conduct under the 9 (guide) of ren, “The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law, 10 the vile (邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment,.”
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个关于高科技、写作和专业艺术的探索和体验的夏令营。 1. 细节理解题。根据Summer Academic Youth Programs中的“Summer is the perfect time for pre-college students to explore their career interests. Our programs provide opportunities for students to experience college life while expanding their knowledge and exploring their interests. (夏季是大学预科学生探索职业兴趣的最佳时机。我们的课程为学生提供了体验大学生活的机会，同时扩展他们的知识和探索他们的兴趣)”可知，期待大学生活的高中生会对Summer Academic Youth Programs感兴趣。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据ID Tech Summer Camps中的“With personalized learning, your child will progress at their own pace. (通过个性化学习，您的孩子将按照自己的节奏进步)”和Independent Lake Camp中的“Started as a non-traditional summer camp, we focus on promoting creativity within each camper and the community and developing individual growth with our personalized scheduling — each camper chooses their own activities. (作为一个非传统的夏令营，我们专注于促进每个营员和社区的创造力，并通过我们的个性化日程安排发展个人成长——每个营员都选择自己的活动)”可知，两者的共同之处是它们提供个性化的学习。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp中的“Videos will also be made available to all creative writing campers. So, with flexible classes to choose, your child will never miss a beat! (视频将提供给所有创意写作营员。所以，有了灵活的课程选择，你的孩子不会错过任何一个节拍!)”可知，Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp课程选择灵活，最适合暑期安排繁忙的孩子。故选C项。
【答案】4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Shirley Raines，她是非营利组织Beauty 2 the Streetz的创始人，为无家可归者提供免费的食物、衣服、头发和化妆服务。Shirley现在是美国有线电视新闻网的年度英雄。 4．细节理解题。根据第一自然段“She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit that provides free food, clothing, hair, and makeup services to the homeless. (她是Beauty 2 the Streetz的创始人，这是一家非营利组织，为无家可归者提供免费的食物、衣服、发型和化妆服务。)”可知，Beauty 2 the Streetz旨在以若干方式为流浪者服务。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第四自然段内容尤其最后一句“So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time.(于是，她开了一家户外美容院，为无家可归的人服务，这占用了她大部分的业余时间。)”可知，Shirley主要通过为流浪者打扮来帮助他们。故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据第五自然段“Things took off. She formed her nonprofit Beauty 2 The Streetz, and her followers quickly began donating to grow Shirley’s impact. Her followers grew to over 200,000 people, including many beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make-up artists. Many of them regularly donate money to keep the services rolling. Others donate their time to help Shirley serve the homeless.(事情进展顺利。她成立了自己的非营利组织。Beauty 2 The Streetz和她的追随者很快开始捐款，以扩大Shirley的影响力。她的追随者已经发展到20多万人，其中包括许多美容专业人士，如有执照的发型师、理发师、化妆师。他们中的许多人定期捐款来维持服务的运转。其他人则捐出自己的时间来帮助Shirley为无家可归的人服务。)”可知，本段主要讲述Shirley在建立Beauty 2 The Streetz后，该非盈利组织获得了越来越多的人的支持与帮助。由此可知，第五段主要介绍了Beauty 2 The Streetz日益增长的影响力。故选D。 7．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第四自然段最后一句“So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time.(于是，她开了一家户外美容院，为无家可归的人服务，这占用了她大部分的业余时间。)”可知，Shirley用自己的大部分空闲时间来为流浪者服务，所以她是一个无私奉献的人；根据最后一段第一句“Shirley’s boldness, courage, and desire to take action have led to making a real impact on people’s lives. (Shirley的大胆、勇气和采取行动的愿望对人们的生活产生了真正的影响。)”可知，她是一个有爱心的人。故选C。
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.(‘我的学校农场’项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地变成商业上可实现的再生市场花园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务)”可知，我的学校是为了把未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园而建立的。故选D项。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.(学生们在帮助粮食生产的同时，学习社区网络、健康饮食、生态责任、减少废物和缓解气候。学校将所有这些整合到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，为当地家庭提供食物，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目中来。故选A项。 10．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. (我们收取了体验费，600个人来了！他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜。太神奇了)”说明大家很支持这个项目，从而推知划线词句“We’ve got true community buy-in.(我们得到了真正的社区buy-in)”其中划线词应为“支持，认可”的意思。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,’ adds Ben.(Ben补充说：‘对我们来说，最令人兴奋的是，允许专业农民承担种植食物的责任，不再仅仅是学校来照看农场，这最终使它更具可持续性。’)”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B项。
【答案】12．C 13．D 14．A1 5．B 【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了受疫情影响人们的对鞋的偏好发生了变化，穿起来和清洗起来都很方便是拖鞋或木屐更受人们的喜爱，相反正装鞋正在被人们所抛弃。 12．词义猜测题。根据第六段“The same cannot be said for dress shoes, which were already falling out of fashion.(正装鞋的情况就不一样了，它们已经过时了)”和“Sales for the category plummeted last year, according to market researchers The NPD Group. These accounted for only 8% of total fashion footwear dollar sales in 2020, compared with 17% in 2017.(市场研究机构NPD Group的数据显示，去年这类产品的销量plummeted。2020年，这些产品仅占时尚鞋类总销售额的8%，而2017年为17%)”可知，2017年正装鞋销量(dress shoes)占时尚鞋类总销售额的17%，而2020年的仅占8%，说明这类鞋的销量急剧下滑，“Sales for the category plummeted last year”中plummeted表示“急剧下滑”。故选C项。 13．推理判断题。根据末段“But the market for dress shoes will never recover entirely. The ugly shoe movement is here to stay.(但正装鞋市场永远不会完全恢复。丑鞋子的发展趋势将会持续下去)”可推知，作者非常看好丑鞋子的前景，对其有发展有信心。故选D项。 14．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了以Crocs的塑料木屐为代表的丑鞋子(ugly shoes)正在代替正装鞋(dress shoes)成为潮流，再根据末段“But the market for dress shoes will never recover entirely. The ugly shoe movement is here to stay.(但正装鞋市场永远不会完全恢复。丑鞋子的发展趋势将会持续下去)”可推知，A项“Crocs give dress shoes a kicking.(Crocs鞋给正装鞋一记重击)”是最佳标题。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段“A year of lockdown has brought about some questionable fashion trends.(一年的封锁带来了一些让人难以相信的时尚趋势)”和后文介绍以Crocs的塑料木屐为代表的丑鞋子(ugly shoes)正在代替正装鞋(dress shoes)成为潮流可推知，本文的写作目的是：呈现在一种新的时尚趋势。 故选B项。
【答案】16．E 17．A 18．G 19．C 20．F 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了父母给青少年大量零花钱来满足他们的消费习惯这一现象并给出相关建议。 16．根据上文“Teenagers are spending more money than ever. Just last year, 31.6 million teens spent 155 billion, according to the North-brook, Illinois-based market research group Teenage Research Unlimited.(青少年比以往任何时候都花更多的钱。据总部位于伊利诺伊州诺斯布鲁克的市场研究机构“青少年无限研究”称，仅去年一年，就有3160万青少年消费了1550亿美元)”可知，上文提到青少年比过去花了更多的钱，并列举了数据。根据下文中提到的青少年花钱的原因与父母有关以及父母该怎么做，需引出钱是父母的。故E选项“当然，这些钱大部分来自父母”符合语境，故选E。 17．根据上文“Shocked at how much money kids spend Maybe you haven’t checked the price tags lately on some of the younger generation’s must-haves. To some, such luxurious spending on the changeable young might seem unbearable.(孩子们花这么多钱震惊了吗？也许你最近没有看过一些年轻一代必备品的价格标签。对一些人来说，在多变的年轻人身上如此奢侈的消费似乎难以忍受)”可知，第二段讲到一些奢侈的花销是不可忍受的，但家长仍然付钱了，结合下文“Timothy Marshall, an associate professor of developmental psychology at Christopher Newport University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenomenon after some research.(蒂莫西·马歇尔(Timothy Marshall)是弗吉尼亚州克里斯托弗·纽波特大学(Christopher Newport University)发展心理学副教授，经过一些研究后，他分析了这一普遍现象)”表明教授对于这一现象做出研究，故本句设问提出：为什么父母会允许孩子花这么多钱。故A选项“为什么有些父母会让步？”符合语境，故选A。 18．根据上文“Many working parents probably compensate by spending money on their kids.(许多有工作的父母可能会把钱花在孩子身上作为补偿)”以及后文“But also, spending money is often more convenient in our fast-paced society than going to baseball games or other activities.(而且，在我们这个快节奏的社会里，花钱往往比参加棒球比赛或其他活动更方便)”可知，本段主要讲家长为孩子花钱的一个原因——心理补偿。故G选项“没有足够的时间待在家里可能会有负罪感”符合语境，说明补偿的原因。故选G。 19．根据后文“Instead of just giving children the toys or clothing they desire, give them an allowance and show them how they can save up for whatever they want. And don’t be afraid to just say no. Most of the parents are working nine-to-five or even working overtime to make ends meet. Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and developing healthy habits of spending money is of great importance.(不要只给孩子想要的玩具或衣服，给他们零花钱，告诉他们如何攒钱买他们想要的东西。不要害怕说不。大多数父母都是朝九晚五的工作，甚至加班来维持生计。因此，肩负起教育孩子辨别是非的责任，培养健康的花钱习惯是非常重要的)”可知，本段主要讲家长应如何解决孩子花钱过多的问题：给零花钱但教会孩子省着花钱。 本空在段首，为全段的总起句，C选项的budget（谨慎花钱）与本段大意呼应。故C选项“教孩子如何谨慎花钱和储蓄是关键。”符合语境，故选C。 20．根据上文“Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and developing healthy habits of spending money is of great importance.(因此，肩负起教育孩子辨别是非的责任，培养健康的花钱习惯是非常重要的)”可知，本段主要讲家长应如何解决孩子花钱过多的问题，得出结论：家长要承担引导孩子、培养良好习惯。F选项中we指代parents，故F选项“我们需要站出来，告诉孩子们界限在哪里”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了随着数字技术的兴起，人们通过手机来完成生活中的各种事情，从而失去了和陌生人说话的能力。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：来吃东西的顾客忽略了站在柜台后面的人，他们更喜欢通过智能手机点餐。A. talk谈话；B. call呼叫；C. order预定；D. deliver传送。根据下文“through a smart phone”可知，在餐馆中顾客是通过智能手机点餐。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只相距几厘米！A. meters米；B. millimeters毫米；C. kilometers千米；D. centimeters厘米。根据下文“they were so close that the staff member took a quick___3____at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables”可知，工作人员能看到顾客的手机屏幕，故他们相距只有几厘米远。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A. chance机会；B. turn转动；C. look看；D. test测验。根据上文“they were so close”及下文“at his screen”可知，工作人员可以看到顾客的手机屏幕。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们离得太近了，以至于工作人员快速看了一眼屏幕，就可以抢先一步挑选合适的蔬菜——所有这些都没有说话。A. spoken说；B. written写；C. typed打字；D. mentioned提到。根据下文“we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.”可知，这一切是在一句话也没有说的情况下进行的。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我明白了：现代技术让我们更有效率，但我可能看到了更深层次的东西：我们更喜欢不再与人交谈。A. efficient高效的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. effective有效的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“one can’t help but pay the ____10____for modern efficiency”可知，现代技术使我们更加高效。故选A项。 6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你上一次自然地与一个你不认识的人交谈是什么时候？A. ended up最终；B. engaged in从事，参与；C. made up组成；D. went on继续。根据上文“we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.”可知，这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈的时候。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能你都不记得了！A. hear听；B. believe相信；C.remember记得；D. understand理解。根据上文“When was the last time”可知，这里是指你不记得上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能你或对方都在忙于其他事情，比如玩智能手机。A. recording录音；B. studying研究；C. playing玩；D. calculating计算。根据上文“busy”和下文的“with a smartphone”可知，人们在忙着玩手机。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着数字技术的兴起，人们不禁要为现代效率付出代价：我们与陌生人交谈的能力。A. idea想法；B. aim目标；C. problem问题；D. rise兴起，提高。根据下文“modern efficiency”可知，正是随着数字技术的兴起，人们的现代效率得以提高。故选D项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着数字技术的兴起，人们不禁要为现代效率付出代价：我们与陌生人交谈的能力。A. cash现金；B. price代价；C. debt债务；D. tax税。pay the price for“为……付出代价”为固定短语。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通过应用程序购物、预订酒店或叫出租车。A. decorate装饰；B. book预定；C. build构建；D. repair修理。根据下文“all via an app”可知，我们通过应用程序预订酒店。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与随意的陌生人接触越来越少。A. Contact接触；B. Work工作；C. Quarrel争吵；D. Reunion重聚。根据上文“We shop, __11__a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app.”可知，人们通过手机完成生活中的各种事情，故和陌生人的接触少了。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，与陌生人进行简短的交谈也有令人惊奇的好处。A. interests利益；B. benefits好处；C. disadvantages缺点；D. influences影响。根据下文“You might learn something___14____, and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and ___15____a special bond in our modern world.”可知，和陌生人交谈有很多好处。故选B项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能会学到一些意想不到的东西，毫无疑问，它有力量丰富你对他人的理解，并在我们的现代世界中成为一种特殊的纽带。A. unrealistic不切实际；B. unsuitable不合适的；C. unreasonable不合理的；D. unexpected想不到的。根据上文“having even a short and simple conversation with strangers”可知，和陌生人交谈可能让你学到意想不到的东西。故选D项。 15．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你可能会学到一些意想不到的东西，毫无疑问，它有力量丰富你对他人的理解，并在我们的现代世界中成为一种特殊的纽带。A. serves as充当；B. refers to指的是；C. accounts for导致；D. consists of由组成。根据下文“a special bond in our modern world”可知，和陌生人交谈可以担当现代生活中的纽带。故选A项。
【答案】1. was made 2. to 3. The 4.which 5.being 6. tolove 7.However 8.meaningless 9. guidance 10. while 【详解】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《论语》的由来及其核心理念。 1. 考查谓语动词。句意：它是在战国早期，孔子死后70多年，由他的弟子根据他们的问题的答案所做的笔 记。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据谓语动词in the early Warring States Period可知，此处应使 用一般过去时，且make与句子主语it之间为被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数。故填was made。 2. 考查介词。句意：它是在战国早期，孔子死后70多年，由他的弟子根据他们的问题的答案所做的笔记。 分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法 answer to sth.表示“……的答案”，所以此处应使用介词to。故填to。 3. 考查冠词。句意：现在的《论语》是根据汉代编纂的《鲁论语》改编的，包含了儒家的“仁”的概念。结 合句意可知，此处指的是儒家的“仁”的概念，所以应为特指概念，所以此处应使用定冠词the。故填the。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：这一理念的核心是“仁者见仁”或“博爱”，这是高尚君子的基本美德。分析句子结 构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应使用关系代词，先行词 “The benevolent love of others” or universal love 意为“仁者见仁”或者“博爱”指的是事物，且 that 不能引导非限制性 定语从句。故填which。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：孔子认为，仁者不等于无原则。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语， 根据mean doing sth.意为“意味着”符合句意，所以此处应使用动名词形式。故填being。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个人应该清楚地知道爱什么或恨什么。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定结构“疑 问词+to do”结构作宾语，所以此处应为不定式形式，结合句意可知，此处表示主动意义。故填to love。 7. 考查副词。句意：当然礼和乐都是很重要的，然而，仁是做人的第一原则。分析句子结构可知，此处为 副词作状语，结合句意可知，空前与空后的内容为转折关系，有逗号与主句隔开，所以此处应为howevert， 且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。 8. 考查形容词。句意：没有仁，就没有礼，就没有乐。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，meaning 的形容词为meaningful意为“有意义的”和meaningless意为“无意义的”，结合句意，此处表示“无意义的”符 合句意。故填meaningless。 9. 考查名词。句意：“义”是在“仁”的指导下的行为准则，“仁者惜法，小人惜恩”。分析句子结构可知，此 处为名词作宾语，guide的名词为guidance意为“引导”，不可数名词，under the guidance of意为“在……的指 （北京）股份有限公司 导下”。故填guidance。 10. 考查连词。句意：“义”是在“仁”的指导下的行为准则，“仁者惜法，小人惜恩”。分析句子结构可知，此 处为应为连词连接两个句子，结合句意，空前与空后的句子之间为对比关系，所以此处应使用while意为“然 而”符合句意。故填while。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【19】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·山东青岛·高三青岛二中校考期末）
Look at the following timetable and answer questions.
Time Table
Lv.(Leave) Boston Ar.(Arrive) Midway Ar. New York
5:00 AM Ex.(Except) Sun. 7:10 AM Daily 9:10 AM Ex. Sat. & Sun. 10:00 AM Ex. Hol.(Holiday) 1:15 PM Daily 3:40 PM Ex. Hol. 5:20 PM Daily 7:00 AM 9:00 AM 11:00 AM 11:45 AM 3:15 PM 5:40 PM 7:20 PM 10:45 AM 12:45 PM 2:45 PM --------- 5:45 PM 8:45 PM 9:55 PM
1．What is the shortest time between Boston and New York by train
A．5 hours 35 minutes B．5 hours 5 minutes
C．4 hours 25 minutes D．4 hours 30 minutes
2．On Christmas Day, how many trains at least will go from Boston to New York
A．Two B．Three
C．Four D．Five
3．You are traveling in the 9:10 AM train. In Midway you get off and stay there for an hour. If you want to get to New York before dark, which train from Boston should you change
A．The 1:15 PM train. B．The 5:20 PM train.
C．The 3:40 PM train. D．The 10:10 AM train.
B
（2023·四川成都·嘉祥外国语高级中学校考三模）
My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn’t know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it. By chance, a friend of ours in Australia mentioned “pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world.
We quickly created an account on a pet sitting website and began searching for options. There were only a couple of sits available in that part of the world, but we tried our luck, sent a request, and to our surprise landed a three-month job in Grenada, so our year was going to be taken up with Caribbean pet sits.
Inspired by a Canadian couple, we decided to start our own travel blog. We began by writing about the Virgin Islands, highlighting the beautiful beaches. However, for every photo album of a beautiful beach, there were 10 photos of trash. It was hard to ignore the plastic pollution issue, especially on such primitive and remote beaches. So, we began to share photos of the trash we saw and how much we could pick up on our daily dog walks.
The more we looked into plastic pollution, the more we realized the severity of the global plastic pollution. From that point, we used our platform to create awareness and highlight ways to say no to plastic and travel plastic-free. We changed our daily routines, our way of living, and even our diets to accommodate more organic foods and little to no plastic packaging.
It’s been over three years now and we continue to do what we can. This journey has led us to some amazing places, working with great brands and even organizing a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada.
Our aim now is to keep on going. We love connecting with like-minded people. It’s been amazing few years that was sparked by a conversation about pet sitting. Who would have guessed
4. Why did the author do pet sitting
A. To raise fund. B. To protect the environment.
C. To cover travel expenses. D. To shoot beautiful beaches.
5. What does the author intend to convey through her story
A. Pet sitting is a new type of occupation. B. The Caribbean is an ideal travel destination.
C. Travel blog is a superb way to gain popularity. D. Action should be taken to fight plastic pollution.
6. How did the author find her experience in the Caribbean
A. Challenging. B. Significant. C. Adventurous. D. Romantic.
7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A. Changing Lifestyles by Doing Pet Sitting B. Unexpected Gains from Pet Sitting Travel
C. Dealing with Global Environment Pollution D. The Availability of Pet Sitting in the Caribbean
C
（2024·贵州贵阳·统考期末）
The term “oniomania”, which is used to describe people with obsessive (强迫性的), problematic shopping and spending behaviors, consists of the Greek words “onios”, meaning “for sale”, and “mania”. Also known as Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD) and Impulsive Compulsive Buying Disorder (ICBD), oniomania can leave negative impact on your financial health and mental wellbeing if left untreated.
At this point you might be wondering: “What’s the difference between an oniomaniac and someone who likes to shop perhaps a bit too much ” We tend to believe that the two are rather similar. Clinically (从临床上看), however, they are quite easy to separate.
Although people who like shopping will return an item if they do not like it and start budgeting if they run low on money, people suffering from oniomania are no longer able to make reasonable, let alone financially responsible, decisions. They sometimes emotionally dissociate from what they are doing, making their purchases while they are not really sure what to buy. Spending relieves feelings of anxiety and depression, but only temporarily. In a short time, they might become moody, annoyed, and depressed, and their confidence declines sharply.
To a certain extent, spending makes everyone feel good. In 2007, a group of researchers from MIT, Stanford and Carnegie Mellon looked at the brains of American consumers via MRI technology and found that when they purchased desirable objects, their nucleus accumbens — the brain’s pleasure center — would light up, indicating a positive stimulation. This stimulation can take on different forms. For instance, some people get particularly excited when they believe they have gotten a good deal. This, researchers say, is the result of the prefrontal cortex — the decision-making part of our brain — interacting with the insula, the part of our brain that processes pain. According to psychotherapist Joyce Marter, compulsive buyers in the U. S. make an average of 156 impulsive purchases per year. Each purchase sets them back around $81. 75, making for a grand total of $5, 400 per year and a thorough shocking $324, 000 per lifetime. That money could have been invested in a home, an education, or other products that you actually need in order to survive and thrive in the world. Ultimately, though, treating oniomania is about much more than just protecting your finances from your own impulses — it’s also about maintaining your personal mental health and improving your relationships with others.
8．What do we know about oniomania
A．It is a normal behavior.
B．It influences people’s health.
C．It means people who like shopping.
D．It describes people’s difference.
9．What does the underlined phrase “run low on” probably mean
A．run out of
B．go short of
C．look down on
D．become rich in
10．What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about
A．Why many researchers take part in the study.
B．How everyone makes a wise decision.
C．How desirable objects are well welcome.
D．Why shopping makes common people happy.
11．What is the benefit of treating oniomania
A．It is beneficial to education.
B．It develops our desires.
C．It keeps our mind healthy.
D．It is harmful to relationships.
D
（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考二模）
Volunteering means working for free to help someone else. Mrs. Obama says volunteering is very important. "It should be part of everyone's life,"she says.
Many teens agree. They say that helping others feels great and makes a difference. These days, more teensvolunteer than work for pay. Teens clean up parks, walk dogs at animal shelters, visit the elderly, and more.
Some cities— including Seattle, Chicago, and Washington, D．C．— require high school students to volunteer. Students must volunteer in order to graduate. The student volunteers learn new skills and help their communities( 社区).
Many parents subscribe to the idea they say volunteering helps teens build job skills. But most teens don't want to be forced to volunteer. They say they are busy. And they say volunteering is only fun if it's a choice.
Read both sides of the debate and decide.
Yes
Volunteering can help teens get into college or get a job.
Many cities and towns need help. Volunteers can help keep important programs going.
Not all teens will volunteer if it isn't required. Schools should require students to do all they can to get ready for adult life.
No
Most teens are already very busy with classes, homework, jobs, and sports. Forcing them to do more isn't fair.
It should be up to each person. Helping doesn't feel good if you must do it.
Finding a volunteer job isn't always easy. Students shouldn't be kept from graduating because of something they can't control.
12．It is known from the text that in Washington.D．C．___________.
A．everyone would like to volunteer
B．finding a volunteer job is not difficult
C．volunteering is a must for college students
D．high school students won't graduate if they don't volunteer
13．What does the underlined phrase "subscribe to" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Correct. B．Like. C．Stress. D．Review.
14．How does the "No" side feel about volunteer jobs
A．Volunteer jobs waste students' precious(宝贵的) time.
B．Volunteer jobs won't help teens prepare for their adult life.
C．Volunteer jobs are not as important as students' homework.
D．Students shouldn't be stopped from graduation because of not volunteering.
15．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Who are best to do volunteer jobs.
B．Whether volunteering is good for students.
C．What kind of volunteer jobs students should do.
D．Whether students should be required to volunteer.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江金华·校联考一模）
How to communicate complex information
Did you ever have to read a presentation where you felt like you’re lost in confusing terms, data and concepts Are you giving others this same experience 16 But there are ways you can simplify your presentation and reengage your audience. Here’s how you can get complex information across.
Use interactive content. It gets the readers more involved in your presentation by letting them play an active part. 17 Beyond that, questionnaires and chatbots provide personalized and specific answers to readers as part of your presentation. Making your presentation interactive used to be hard, but now you can just use Storydoc. Go make your first interactive presentation. It’s easy as pie.
18 No one will read a presentation with a thousand words. Do everyone a favor and use images. Images can be super effective at communicating complex information and save you a lot of needless text. In fact, visual representation of data and concepts can often convey what words cannot. Use diagrams and images to illustrate your points and simplify the complex.
Narrate your content. 19 Whether it’s through text to speech Al or video bubbles, centering your presentation around a story can help guide your audience through the complexity, making it more digestible, engaging, and memorable.
Use examples and fables. They can help explain clearly the complexity of ideas for they are what we’ve already known and understood. 20 More importantly, the real secret lies in selecting examples that are not just familiar but also deeply relevant-those are the ones that will truly ring with your listeners
A．Show, don’t tell
B．Make every word count.
C．This makes the complex concepts less new and more familiar
D．If you don’t sound excited, the listeners won’t feel excited either
E．Storytelling is another powerful tool for communicating complex concepts.
F．Communicating complex information is a common challenge in presentations
G．For example, allow them to choose the content route they wish to take and control the pace.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·广东潮州·高三上学期期末考试）
When I was in primary school, my school had an annual sports day. Usually, girls were 1 in sports like jump rope and boys did the high jump, which I was anxious to take part in. I went to 2 up, but the coach said, “Girls don’t do the high jump.”
I went home and 3 Mom of the coach’s words. She visited the headmaster the next day “Mr White, Linda wants to do the high jump ”“Sorry, Mrs Martinez, but it’s our 4 that girls can’t do it,” he said “But Mr White, I have no 5 of any rules saying that.” Finding no such rules, Mr White, feeling 6 , said “I have to consider it” at last
When we got home, Mom told me something I would always 7 : This wasn’t just about me. Other girls 8 wanted to do this, too. A week later, Mom went to Mr White again. Finally, he agreed. As it turned out, I won the high jump competition. To my 9 , some of the cheers I got were from boys! My mother was 10 --it wasn’t about me. It was about making people think about and see what girls could do. Later, I used this 11 in my career as a building contractor-- women weren’t 12 to construct buildings. When I first 13 the business, Mom said, “Go ahead. Start small, but think big.” I started with small projects and now my company can handle large ones.
Those experiences taught me though people wouldn’t always 14 us, we should be brave to jump over 15 and take paths few girls and women would take. And this has really made a difference.
1．A．interested B．skilled C．involved D．gifted
2．A．build B．sign C．make D．fix
3．A．reminded B．warned C．convinced D．informed
4．A．compromise B．conclusion C．convention D．criterion
5．A．opinion B．sense C．intention D．knowledge
6．A．concerned B．embarrassed C．discouraged D．annoyed
7．A．consider B．undertake C．remember D．seek
8．A．accidentally B．probably C．obviously D．rarely
9．A．surprise B．delight C．relief D．satisfaction
10．A．right B．wrong C．certain D．realistic
11．A．rule B．lesson C．truth D．remark
12．A．supposed B．qualified C．demanded D．designed
13．A．made way for B．kept track of C．threw light on D．set foot in
14．A．accept B．mind C．help D．need
15．A．poles B．boundaries C．platforms D．fences
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·山东·高三山东省实验中学校考阶段练习)
What is examination stress It could be defined as a type of heightened anxiety 1 (affect) a candidate before, during, and after an examination.
It is a common issue addressed by students throughout their 2 (academy) life.
Stress is your mind or body’s natural response to 3 it views as a threat. When 4 (threaten), your body triggers a number of physical, emotional, and mental reactions. Each category is connected to another, so anything 5 can be done to lessen one reaction will lessen the impact of the other two categories.
The butterflies in the stomach, the urge 6 (visit) the toilet, the weak knees: these are vital signs of stress. Examination stress is more common than most students realize, and the symptoms are 7 (general) the same for almost all students who experience it.
8 dealing with stress, strategies such as stress 9 (manage) and physical health care can make a significant difference. Moreover, you are also expected to avoid 10 (influence) by those more stressed than you. On Test Day itself, be fresh and alert. Just put things into their right perspective with success visualization. After all, it is just an examination!
See you soon, Examination. Goodbye, Stress!
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【分析】本文是应用文，是一份美国波士顿到纽约的列车时刻表。 1．推理判断题。根据Lv.(Leave) Boston 中1:15 PM Daily和Ar. New York 中5:45 PM，得知下午1:15从波士顿出发，下午5:45到纽约，在所有列车中花费时间最短，4小时30分。故选D。 2．细节理解题。至少有3趟列车是Daily每日通行的列车，因此判断出在圣诞节至少有3趟列车从波士顿开往纽约。故选B。 3．推理判断题。题中要求是9:10 AM 从波士顿坐火车出发，在Midway 11:00 AM下车，停留1小时，为了在天黑前赶到纽约，应该乘坐波士顿1:15 PM Daily那班列车，在下午5:45到纽约。其它时间都是晚间到纽约，不符合题目要求。故选A。
4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫通过申请宠物看护的方式获得了去加勒比海地区旅行的机会，在记录旅行的过程中，他们发现了海滩上难以忽视的塑料污染问题，开始从自身做起，清理海滩上的塑料垃圾，并建立平台开展活动，号召更多的人应对这一问题。 4. 细节理解题。根据第一段“My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn’t know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it. By chance, a friend of ours in Australia mentioned “pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world.(我丈夫和我一直想去加勒比海地区，但对那些岛屿不太了解，也不知道我们怎么负担得起。一次偶然的机会，我们在澳大利亚的一个朋友提到了“宠物看护”，这是你在世界各地都可以做的事情)”可知，作者夫妻二人担心去加勒比海地区旅行的费用，朋友提出的宠物看护恰好可以解决这个问题。由此可知，他们照顾宠物是为了支付旅行的费用。故选C。 5. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“It was hard to ignore the plastic pollution issue, especially on such primitive and remote beaches.(很难忽视塑料污染问题，尤其是在这样原始和偏远的海滩上)”和第四段中“The more we looked into plastic pollution, the more we realized the severity of the global plastic pollution. From that point, we used our platform to create awareness and highlight ways to say no to plastic and travel plastic-free.(对塑料污染了解得越多，我们就越意识到全球塑料污染的严重性。从那时起，我们利用我们的平台来提高人们的意识，并强调拒绝塑料和无塑料旅行的方式)”可知，作者在旅行的过程中发现了塑料污染问题，随着深入的了解，越发觉得需要采取行动应对这一问题，并从自身做起，号召更多的人参与这一行动。由此推知，作者通过她的故事想呼吁大家行动起来应对塑料污染。故选D。 6. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“This journey has led us to some amazing places, working with great brands and even organizing a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada.（这段旅程带领我们去了一些令人惊叹的地方，与非常棒的品牌合作，甚至在格林纳达组织了一场全国范围的海滩清理运动）”可知，作者在加勒比海地区的经历不仅令她收获了旅行的快乐，还令她做到了有意义的事情，采取行动应对塑料污染。由此推知，作者会觉得这段经历非常有意义。故选B。 7. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者和丈夫通过申请宠物看护的方式获得了去加勒比海地区旅行的机会，在记录旅行的过程中，他们发现了海滩上难以忽视的塑料污染问题，开始从自身做起，清理海滩上的塑料垃圾，并建立平台开展活动，号召更多的人应对这一问题。再结合最后一段中“It’s been amazing few years that was sparked by a conversation about pet sitting. Who would have guessed (这几年是由一个关于宠物看护的对话引发的。谁能猜到呢 )”可知，这一段旅行经历的收获是作者开始的时候不曾想到的，因此B项（宠物看护旅行的意外收获）可概括文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B。
【答案】8．B 9．B 10．D 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“oniomania”（购物成瘾）的概念和特点，与普通购物爱好者的区别，以及购物对人们大脑的刺激和对财务和心理健康的影响。文章最后强调了治疗购物成瘾的重要性，不仅是为了保护个人财务，更是为了维护个人心理健康和改善人际关系。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Also known as Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD) and Impulsive Compulsive Buying Disorder (ICBD), oniomania can leave negative impact on your financial health and mental wellbeing if left untreated.(也被称为强迫性购物障碍（CBD）和冲动性强迫性购物障碍（ICBD），如果不接受治疗，购物成瘾可能会对您的财务健康和心理健康产生负面影响。)”可知，oniomania (强迫购物症)可能会影响人们的健康。故选B。 9．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Although people who like shopping will return an item if they do not like it(尽管喜欢购物的人会在不喜欢商品时退货，)”以及“start budgeting (开始做预算)”可知，此处构成并列结构，强调非强迫性购物者尽管喜欢购物，但是他们会在不喜欢商品时退货，并在资金短缺时开始预算。故划线词与B选项为同义词，意为“短缺”。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“In 2007, a group of researchers from MIT, Stanford and Camegie Mellon looked at the brains of American consumers via MRI technology and found that when they purchased desirable objects, their nucleus accumbens — the brain’s pleasure center — would light up, indicating a positive stimulation. (2007年，来自麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学和卡梅吉·梅隆大学的一组研究人员通过核磁共振成像技术对美国消费者的大脑进行了研究，发现当他们购买想要的物品时，他们的伏隔核——大脑的快乐中心——会亮起，表明有积极的刺激。)”可知，本段主要介绍了一个科学发现即在2007年，研究人员发现当美国消费者购买令人向往的物品时，他们的伏隔核——大脑的快乐中心——会被激活，表明有积极的刺激，即解释了为什么普通人在购物的时候会感觉到快乐：是因为购物时，他们的伏隔核——大脑的快乐中心——会被激活。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ultimately, though, treating oniomania is about much more than just protecting your finances from your own impulses — it’s also about maintaining your personal mental health and improving your relationships with others.(然而，治疗购物狂并不仅仅是保护自己的财务免受自己的冲动影响，它还涉及维护个人心理健康和改善与他人的关系。)”可知，治疗购物成瘾使我们的头脑保持健康。故选C。
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．D 15．D 【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文通过米歇尔·奥巴马引出自愿者这个话题，进而介绍了自愿者工作的情况，并且讨论了学生是否应该被要求做自愿者。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Some cities—including Seattle, Chicago, and Washington, D.C.—require high school students to volunteer. Students must volunteer in order to graduate.(一些城市——包括西雅图，芝加哥和华盛顿特区——需要高中生做志愿者。为了毕业学生必须要做志愿工作)”可知，在华盛顿特区，志愿者是高中生必须做的，否则不准毕业。故选D项。 13．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句中“they say volunteering helps teens build job skills”可知，许多父母认为志愿者活动帮助青少年提高工作技能，由此可知，许多父母应是同意这个想法，画线短语“ subscribe to”意为 “赞成，同意”，与选项中Like(喜欢)意思接近，故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Students shouldn't be kept from graduating because of something they can't control.(学生不应该因为一些他们无法控制的事情而被阻止毕业)”可知，反对方认为学生们不应该因为不参加志愿者活动而被阻止毕业，故选D项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文通过米歇尔·奥巴马引出自愿者这个话题，进而介绍了自愿者工作的情况，并结合第五段“Read both sides of the debate and decide.(读一读双方的辩论再决定)”可知，这篇文章主要讨论学生们是否应该被要求做志愿者，故选D项。
【答案】16．F 17．G 18．A 19．E 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何传递复杂的信息提出了一系列的建议。 16．根据空前“Did you ever have to read a presentation where you felt like you’re lost in confusing terms, data and concepts Are you giving others this same experience (你是否曾经读过一篇演讲，感觉自己迷失在混乱的术语、数据和概念中？你会给别人同样的经历吗？)”可知空前就交流中可能出现的术语、数据和概念的混乱提出了两个问题，根据空后“But there are ways you can simplify your presentation and reengage your audience. Here’s how you can get complex information across. (但是有一些方法可以简化你的演讲并重新吸引你的听众。下面是如何传递复杂信息的方法。)”可知此处指出有一些可以传递复杂信息的方法，空处承上启下，所以空处应该提出传递复杂信息这个话题，F项Communicating complex information is a common challenge in presentations. (在演讲中，传达复杂的信息是一个常见的挑战。)提出传递复杂信息这个话题，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。 17．根据空前“Use interactive content. It gets the readers more involved in your presentation by letting them play an active part. (使用交互式内容。这会让读者更积极地参与到你的演讲中来。)”可知本段的建议是使用交互式内容，根据空后“Beyond that, questionnaires and chatbots provide personalized and specific answers to readers as part of your presentation. (除此之外，问卷调查和聊天机器人为读者提供个性化和具体的答案，作为你演讲的一部分。)”可知此处仍然讲的是交互式内容的好处，空处呈上启下，所以空处应该就空前所提到的交互式内容举出例子，G项For example, allow them to choose the content route they wish to take and control the pace. (例如，允许他们选择他们想要的内容路线并控制节奏。)举例说明如何使用交互式内容，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选G项。 18．空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句。根据空后“No one will read a presentation with a thousand words. Do everyone a favor and use images. (没有人会读一篇一千字的报告。帮大家一个忙，使用图片。)”可知此处讲的是要善于运用图片而不是篇幅较长的文字来展示自己所讲的内容，所以空处的建议应该是运用展示而不是讲的方式来传递复杂信息，A项Show, don’t tell(展示，不要告诉)指出要用展示的方式，概括了本段的主旨大意，符合上下文语境。故选A项。 19．根据本段小标题“Narrate your content. (叙述你的内容。)”可知本段的建议是运用讲故事的方式来传递复杂信息，根据空后“Whether it’s through text to speech Al or video bubbles, centering your presentation around a story can help guide your audience through the complexity, making it more digestible, engaging, and memorable. (无论是通过文本到语音还是视频气泡，以故事为中心的演讲都可以帮助引导观众理解复杂的内容，使其更容易理解、更吸引人、更难忘。)”可知此处讲的仍然是通过讲故事的形式来传递信息的好处，所以空后应该对这一建议所能采用的方法进行进一步的解释，E项Storytelling is another powerful tool for communicating complex concepts. (讲故事是传达复杂概念的另一个强大工具。)指出了讲故事是叙述的传达复杂概念的一种强大工具，符合上下文语境。故选E项。 20．根据空前“Use examples and fables. They can help explain clearly the complexity of ideas for they are what we’ve already known and understood. (使用例子和表格。它们可以帮助我们清楚地解释思想的复杂性，因为它们是我们已经知道和理解的。)”可知本段的建议是使用例子和表格来传递复杂信息，根据空后“More importantly, the real secret lies in selecting examples that are not just familiar but also deeply relevant-those are the ones that will truly ring with your listeners. (更重要的是，真正的秘诀在于选择那些不仅熟悉而且非常相关的例子——那些能真正引起听众共鸣的例子。)”可知此处依旧讲的使用例子的好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是运用例子和表格来传递复杂信息的好处，C项This makes the complex concepts less new and more familiar. (这使得复杂的概念不再那么新鲜，而是更加熟悉。)指出使用例子和表格来传递复杂信息的好处，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者小学时代，学校运动会不让女生参加跳高，说是男孩子的项目，作者的母亲为其找校长争取到参加跳高项目并赢得比赛奖项。作者认识到女孩子要勇于打破别人给设定的限制，争取权益，相信女性也可以做出一番作为。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，女孩们会参加跳绳等运动，男孩们会参加跳高，那是我很想参加的。A. interested感兴趣的；B. skilled熟练的；C. involved参与的；被卷入的；相关的；D. gifted有天赋的。根据空前的“my school had an annual sports day.”及空后“sports like jump rope”可知，学校举行运动会，这里指女生一般参与跳绳运动会项目。be involved in意为“参与”，符合语境。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去报名，但教练说：“女生不跳高。”A. build建造；B. sign签名；C. make制作；使；D. fix固定，安装；修理。根据上一句“…the high jump, which I was anxious to take part in..”及下文教练说女生不参加跳高，拒绝了她。可知作者是渴望参加跳高并且去报名参加跳高项目的比赛时，被教练拒绝。短语sign up意为“报名参加”。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到家，把教练的话告诉了妈妈。A. reminded提醒；使想起；B. warned警告；C. convinced使信服；D. informed告知，告诉；通知。根据上文the coach said, “Girls don’t do the high jump.”可知，教练用这样的话拒绝了作者参加跳高比赛，此处作者把这些话告诉给她的母亲，想让母亲帮忙想办法。故选D项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对不起，马丁内斯太太，我们学校的惯例是女生不能跳高。A. compromise妥协，和解；折中；B. conclusion结论；C. convention惯例，传统；D. criterion标准，准则。空后的主语从句that girls can’t do it指女孩子不能参加跳高项目，此处校长给孩子母亲解释不让作者报名参加跳高的理由，应该是学校的惯例，多年来一直这样，没有女生参加过跳高。故选C项。 5．考查词名词义辨析。句意：但是怀特先生，我不知道有什么规定是这样说的。A. opinion观点，看法；B. sense感觉，意识；C. intention动机，意图；D. knowledge知识；知晓，知道。该空作者母亲表示没听说过，并不知道有这样的规定。 knowledge这里意思是“知晓，知道”。根据下面Finding no such rules，可知事实上也没有禁止女生参加跳高的明文规定。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怀特先生发现没有这样的规定，感到很尴尬，最后说：“我必须考虑一下。A. concerned关心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. discouraged沮丧的；D. annoyed生气的，恼火的。怀特校长说是依惯例不让女生报名跳高，却没找到相关规定，应该是尴尬的，无法反驳这位母亲。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们回到家时，妈妈告诉我一些我永远记得的话：这不仅仅是为了我。A. consider考虑；认为；B. undertake从事；履行；承担；C. remember记得，记住；D. seek追求；寻找。it wasn’t just about me.是母亲说出来的话，母亲据理力争，为女儿争取到参加跳高的机会，而母亲说这样做不仅仅是为了女儿自己。根据下文“Later, I used this　　11　　 in my career as a building contractor-- women weren’t　　12　　 to construct buildings.”可知，作者后来又从事了一般认为女性不能从事的建筑行业。 由此可知，母亲铭记母亲的话。不仅自己，所有女性都应不被别人限制，让人们看到女性也可以在很多领域不输男性。故选C项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他女孩可能也想这样做。A. accidentally意外地；B. probably可能；C. obviously显然；D. rarely几乎不；罕见地，异乎寻常地。母亲的意思是她这么做不仅仅是为女儿争取，或许别的女孩也想参加呢。母亲也不确定，只是猜测也会有别的女孩想跳高。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，一些欢呼来自男孩! A. surprise惊讶；B. delight快乐，愉悦；C. relief轻松，解脱；D. satisfaction满意。作者首次作为女生参加跳高并且获胜，却没有得到女孩们的祝贺，作者很惊讶。故选A项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲说得对，这与我个人无关。A. right对的；B. wrong错误的；C. certain确定的；D. realistic现实的；实际的。上文妈妈说过“This wasn’t just about me.”，此处作者得到了男生的认可，没有得到女孩子们的祝贺，作者认识到很多女孩需要唤醒，这次争取是为了让更多的人知道女孩可以做很多人们认为女孩做不到的事情。作者认为这次努力很有意义，赞同母亲说的话。故选A项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在建筑承包商的职业生涯中吸取了这一教训：女人是不应该盖房子的。A. rule规则；B. lesson课；教训；C. truth真理，真相；D. remark评论。作者从此次经历学到很多，感悟很深，应该说是一次教训。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在建筑承包商的职业生涯中吸取了这一教训：女人是不应该盖房子的。A. supposed应该，被认定；B. qualified有资格；C. demanded要求；D. designed设计。be supposed to do意为“应该做某事，被期待做”，指人们观念中认定某人应该做某事，此处否定句，指人们惯性思维认为女性不应该从事建筑行业。故选A项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我第一次涉足这个行业时，妈妈说：“去吧。从小处着手，但要着眼大。”A. made way for为…开路；让位于；B. kept track of跟踪；记录；C. threw light on阐明，使明白，使理解；D. set foot in登上；踏足，踏入，开始进入，开始从事。根据空前的first可知，这里指作者刚刚进入建筑行业工作时，母亲给与支持与告诫。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些经历教会了我，虽然人们并不总是接受我们，但我们应该勇敢地跨越界限，走很少有女孩和女人会走的路。A. accept接受，接纳；B. mind介意；在意；C. help帮助；D. need需要。 这里指就像第一段提到的教练所说“Girls don’t do the high jump.”及第三段所说的“women weren’t　　12　　 to construct buildings.”那样，在某些领域人们对于女性的不接纳。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些经历教会了我，虽然人们并不总是接受我们，但我们应该勇敢地跨越界限，走很少有女孩和女人会走的路。A. poles极地；杆子；B. boundaries边界，界限；C. platforms平台；讲台；D. fences篱笆。前文举例说明很多情况人们对女性的排外，认为女孩儿不应该或不适合或干不了某些事情， 在此作者认为女孩要勇敢的跨越这些别人设置的界限，不断走出新的道路。故选B项。
【答案】1. affecting 2. academic 3. what 4. threatened 5. that 6. to visit 7. generally 8. In 9. management 10. being influenced 【详解】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考试压力的定义、表现形式以及如何应对考试压力。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以被定义为考生在考试前、考试中和考试后的一种高度焦虑。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词could be defined，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，anxiety和affect为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填affecting。 2. 考查形容词。句意：这是学生在整个学术生活中经常遇到的问题。修饰名词life，需用形容词academic，作定语。故填academic。 3. 考查宾语从句。句意：压力是你的思想或身体对它所认为的威胁的自然反应。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 4. 考查省略句。句意：当受到威胁时，你的身体会引发一系列的身体、情感和精神反应。when引导的时间状语从句和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是“When it is threatened”，此处省略了it is，需填过去分词threatened。故填threatened。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：每一种反应都与另一种反应相联系，所以任何可以减少一种反应的措施都会减少其他两种反应的影响。空处引导定语从句，先行词anything，是不定代词，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that引导。故选that。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：胃里七上八下，想上厕所，膝盖发软：这些都是压力的重要迹象。修饰名词the urge，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to visit。 7. 考查副词。句意：考试压力比大多数学生意识到的更普遍，几乎所有经历过考试压力的学生的症状都是一样的。空处需用副词generally，作状语，修饰整个句子。故填generally。 8. 考查介词。句意：在处理压力时，诸如压力管理和身体保健等策略可以产生重大影响。表示“在（某短时间）内”应用介词in，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填In。 9. 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词management，作宾语。故填management。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，你还应该避免受到那些比你更有压力的人的影响。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，结合by可知，you和influence为逻辑动宾关系，需用动名词的被动式作宾语。故填being influenced。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【20】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·山东青岛·高三统考期中）
The 4 BEST Things to Do in Perth
You might be wondering ‘Is Perth worth visiting ’ Well after checking out this list of the best things to do in Perth you’ll be sure to add it to your Australian list in no time!
Visiting the epic beaches
Definitely one of the best advantages of living in Perth is its beaches. Backed up to the Indian Ocean, Perth is home to crystal clear water and glistening white sand. And it’s little wonder most people will spend at least one day relaxing at the beach on a holiday here.
Enjoying the views from Kings Park
Kings Park is not only one of the top tourist attractions in Perth - it’s incredibly popular with locals too! Having a mix of European and Aboriginal heritage throughout the gardens, it’s well known in the fields of horticulture (园艺) for its conservation efforts and scientific research.
Spending a day (or more) exploring the cultural district
Perth is well served by a year-round line-up of art, theatre, film, comedy, and musical events within its cultural precinct, which houses the Perth Cultural Centre, the Art Gallery of Western Australia, the State Theatre Centre of WA, and the Western Australian Museum.
Checking out the Fremantle Markets
Fremantle Markets is the most famous weekend markets in Western Australia, and one of the best in the entire country. It offers fresh and local produce, handcrafted souvenirs, clothing and delicious meals. But best of all, there’s no entrance fee, which makes it a perfect day out for family fun!
1．What is the highlight of Perth’s beaches
A．Warm climate. B．Convenient service. C．Beautiful seascape. D．Relaxing games.
2．Which attraction is famous for its protection of multiple plants
A．The beaches. B．Kings Park. C．The cultural district. D．The Fremantle Markets.
3．Which aspect makes Fremantle Markets most attractive for a family trip
A．Open on weekends. B．Fresh and local goods.
C．Free delicious meals. D．No admission charges.
B
（2023·重庆·统考一模）
Growing up in the South Central neighborhood of Los Angeles in the 1970s, Ghuan Featherstone only remembers riding a horse with his parents at a nearby park when he was eight years old.
But ever since, he’s been chasing that sense of freedom and power he felt on the horse that day. “I felt like I could conquer anything,” Featherstone, now 51, said in a Story Corps interview last month with Jordan Humphreys, a 13-year-old horseback rider. After serving in the Army for eight years, Featherstone remained determined to realize his childhood dream of becoming a cowboy.
When he returned to Los Angeles, he learned to ride at stables known as “The Hill” in Compton. Riders there would jump on their horse backs and take their horses into the city streets. In 2012, a fire burned down The Hill. What had become a shelter for the youth was suddenly gone. Sensing the void (空缺) after the fire, Featherstone opened his own stables, Urban Saddles, in 2019 to create a space where he could teach kids like Humphreys to care for and ride horses.
As a black man, Featherstone is against prejudice. People of color are often prevented from pop culture and historical representations of the cowboy. His stable has helped keep the cowboy lifestyle alive in the streets. “Riding through the streets on horseback has given me a way to connect with others in the community,” said Humphreys. “It makes them happy seeing us on a horse and then they may be smiling, and I believe that when we come through, we give them a sense of hope,” he added.
If there’s one lesson Featherstone hopes to convey to kids, it’s a respect for all life. “We’re respecting the animals and we’re respecting each other,” he said.
4．What made Featherstone want to become a cowboy
A．His love to his parents. B．The duty of saving the world.
C．The serving years in the army. D．His childhood riding experience.
5．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3
A．The life of being a cowboy.
B．The dream of being a cowboy.
C．The course of opening Urban Saddles.
D．The place of teaching kids like Humphreys.
6．Which can be one of the purposes of Fetherstone’s opening his own stables
A．To teach the black kids to ride horses.
B．To help the kids to learn to respect all life.
C．To make money by teaching the kids to ride.
D．To train the cowboys to become more hopeful.
7．Which of the following words may best describe Fetherstone
A．Smart but careless. B．Slow but productive.
C．Diligent and broad-minded. D．Determined and kind-hearted.
C
（2023·云南昆明·市师范大学附中高三试题）
Even if you’re not familiar with Big Hero 6, a comic series and Disney movie, the robot Baymax might look familiar. A six-foot-two-inch tall, round, white, inflatable(可充气的)robot nurse, tasked with healthcare duties, Baymax calmly cares for his patients, supports a middle-school student and even helps a cat. A great pal indeed!
While soft robots already exist, forming one that we would have in our homes, like Baymax, is another story. “There’re all kinds of things that need to come together,” says Alex Alspach, a roboticist at Toyota Research Institute, who also helped develop the movie version of Baymax. Building Baymax’s software—the smart, humanlike mind which gives personalized responses is complex. By comparison, constructing the body will probably be simpler, Alspach suspects. Still, even that will come with challenges.
In the movie, whenever there is a hole, Baymax covers himself with tape or a Band-Aid. He can also inflate’ and deflate himself when he needs to, but it takes a long time. But the movie does not show the complex hardware that would be required to do this. An air compressor(压缩机)would be too heavy to carry. And while roboticists are coming up with chemicals that could inflate soft robots quickly, it’s too early to use these techniques.
For soft robots, staying soft and lightweight would keep their parts from getting damaged, but when making a life-sized robot, that will be difficult, since so many moving parts—such as motors, a battery pack, sensors and’ the air Compressor—will pack on weight.
Heat is another hard nut to crack. This heat will come from the motors and other electronics. Anything covering the frame of a robot will trap heat. For a life-sized robot, more motors and more heat could cause it to overheat and shut down or even catch on fire in some cases.
Will we see Baymax soon “There will be a lot of dumb robots before you get to something as smart as Baymax,” says Alspach. But most experts agree that big steps toward making Baymax will come soon. “I think kids will get to see that in their lifetime,” Alspach says, “I’m hoping I get to see it in my lifetime. I don’t think we’re that far.”
8．Why does the author mention the movie Big Hero 6 in Paragraph 1
A．To indicate that the movie has been a hit.
B．To list the duties that a robot nurse will take.
C．To introduce the topic of building soft robots.
D．To present the research background and method.
9．What makes soft and lightweight robots difficult to build
A．Air compressors and batteries get damaged easily.
B．The requirements for the hardware are demanding.
C．It takes long to produce the tapes or the Band-Aids.
D．Inflating robots with chemicals will harm their motors.
10．What can be inferred from the text
A．It is quite simple to build he robots’ hardware.
B．Nothing delights kids more than having a robot in their homes.
C．There is a long way to go before actual soft robots are created.
D．Current technology is sufficient for building healthcare robots.
11．What is Alspach’s attitude towards the coming of soft robots
A．Optimistic. B．Indifferent. C．Skeptical. D．Critical.
D
（2024·陕西宝鸡·校联考期末）
The playing field is never even or equal. Your skills and attitude play a major role in the outcome. Knowing what you can do to have an advantage can make the difference between success and failure.
My kids tell me it's unfair to play with the big children. I tell them that's right. Unfairness is a good thing. There is more to be gained by the effort when things seem unfair. It is true that many things in the world are unfair. But unfair things usually can be a boon to you. For example, the early bird catches the worm. It is unfair that the bird that sleeps in misses out on breakfast but it is nice to know that if it gets up early it is sure to get the worm.
I always try to explain to my kids that complaining about how unfair something is will get them nowhere. Instead, make the most out of it and get on the other side of it. Once you do that you are in the advantage. Above all, you have to focus on gaining that unfair advantage and in order to do that, build your inner strength, When you empower （武装） yourself, you are gaining skills or abilities， confidence and self-esteem （自尊）.
You should look at your place in the world. Where do you want to be financially, spiritually, emotionally, and physically You are creating your own story when you empower yourself.
You can build all the advantages that you need to live the life that you want. If you haven't yet, you need to make a list of all the things you want to experience in your new life. This will help you focus on building advantages so that you never have to say that it's Not Fair. When you do this then you will be able to realize that unfairness is a good thing and you will want to teach those around you to see unfairness in this way too.
12．What docs the underlined word "boon" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Something that is very terrible. B．Something that is very helpful
C．Something that is very kind D．Something that is very scared
13．What can we infer from the example of the playing field used by the author
A．The author wants to introduce his topic
B．The author wants to support his opinion
C．He wants tell us that having an advantage is needed
D．He wants to show skills and attitudes are important in playing games
14．What is the best way to deal with unfairness according to the author
A．Just accept it. B．Thy to change it.
C．Simply ignore it. D．Make good use of it.
15．You are told to look at your place in the world in order to ________.
A．make yourself better B．be proud of yourself
C．have more confidence D．know others' advantages
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·山东德州·校联考模拟预测）
When you’re put on the spot, it can feel like a sink-or-swim situation, which can be tense, stressful and pressurizing, especially when you deliver a public speaking. 16
Adjust your use of language
When we feel ourselves to be on a stage, we sometimes use words that are cold, formal, and passive. We do this because we’re anxious and seek to establish authority. Let’s say you’re a doctor, and you’ re standing in front of a group of your peers. You might find yourself making statements like, “It is significant that doctors help solve this problem.” 17 When you say, “We must solve this problem,” you are speaking more simply and persuasively. The word “we” is more easygoing. When you use language like this, you get closer to actually solving the problem simply by directly pointing out that it is all of yours to solve.
Pose more questions
Questions are two-way interactions. 18 No longer are you alone “onstage” in front of your audience — you’re engaging in a dialogue. Even when you’ re making a statement, you can think of it as an answer to an unasked question. That in itself can give the encounter a conversational feel and lower the pressure you might experience. The technique makes the presentations more connected and conversational, allowing you to feel more relaxed. Just ask questions the audience might have and answering them.
Beware of the memorisation trap
19 But memorisation also can come back to haunt us. Giving our communication the feel of a formal, over-rehearsed presentation, it can make us nervous as we struggle to remember a great deal that we’d thought of in advance of the actual conversation. Instead of rushing to memorise, try writing out what you’d like to say and then turning that into a short, bullet-pointed outline. Doing so allows you to think through the material in detail while giving you a brief structure that’s easier to keep in mind. 20
A．You will become more connected with your peers.
B．Writing down what we might want to say can help.
C．You and others around you enter into a back-and-forth.
D．Here are three ways that you can improve your delivery.
E．Conversations are more casual and familiar than performances.
F．Language like this creates distance between yourself and others.
G．Using that structure, you can more confidently fill in the gaps as you go.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河北承德·双滦区实验中学高三上学期一轮复习联考（三））
We often wonder how we’re doing as parents. Kids don’t come with an instruction guide, so how do we 1 the job we do raising them Here’s an interesting thing. A dad attempted an 2 with his daughter in a video show: “fake job interview”. In this video, the daughter 3 the father’s “interview” repeatedly, selling out her dad in typical kid fashion.
The video opened, showing a man in a suit and tie. His daughter sat next to him, looking 4 . From the opening sentence, you are offered the impression that this man is interviewing for a new job. The “ 5 ” had asked him to have his child present for an unknown reason. 6 sitting with his daughter, Abby, he was ready to make a favorable impression. However, the 7 didn’t last long.
As the man began his 8 , he offered stories about his lifestyle. Abby 9 her expression as each “fact” was mentioned. Finally she stood up and shouted “you can’t 10 to them.” However, the dad continued the fake job interview. She continued to 11 the rest of his lies before in ally walking offscreen.
When raising children, we can never be 12 we’re doing it right. For this man, he is raising a fine young lady with good 13 .This fake job interview proved her strong beliefs and she isn’t afraid to make noise about it. She doesn’t believe in lying and isn’t afraid to 14 her dad when he does. This dad can be 15 of the job he is doing!
1．A．abandon B．appreciate C．choose D．judge
2．A．appointment B．experiment C．agreement D．argument
3．A．interrupted B．for gave C．reminded D．inspired
4．A．embarrassed B．confused C．excited D．frightened
5．A．reporters B．advertisers C．customers D．interviewers
6．A．Dutifully B．Apparently C．Skillfully D．Faithfully
7．A．treatment B．peace C．humor D．lecture
8．A．application B．proposal C．introduction D．request
9．A．changed B．shared C．covered D．shined
10．A．explain B．complain C．lie D．appeal
11．A．sign up B．call out C．put away D．take back
12．A．serious B．curious C．anxious D．certain
13．A．morals B．talents C．honors D．orders
14．A．follow B．praise C．correct D．refuse
15．A．careful B．proud C．critical D．responsible
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·江苏南通·名校联盟高三上学期12月学业质量联合监测）
The moment Jiang Mengnan received the Touching China Person of the Year Award for 2021, she said thrilledly she most wanted to express her 1 (grateful) to her parents. Born in 1992, Jiang’s world has been silent since she was 6 months old, because the drugs irreparably 2 (consume) her hearing. So, Jiang’s parents, both middle school teachers, tutored her to learn vocalization and lip reading. She 3 (accept) as a PhD candidate at Tsinghua University’s School of Life Sciences in 2018.
Jiang’s story is one of victory over adversity. More 4 (incredible), she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan Province. Because of her hearing 5 (lose), she couldn’t be a doctor. 6 , she chooses pharmacy (药剂学) to help reduce people’s pain and assist their recovery. Another crucial way she sticks to 7 (be) to teach children in similar situations not limited by their disability. Jiang visits students in the special education schools, many of 8 were inspired to do their best to achieve as much as a so-called healthy person.
She stressed that people with disabilities have no need to feel discouraged, as they can do the same or even 9 (good) in the their normal life than non-disabled people around them. When God closes a door, he opens a window, and this girl believes 10 she encounters all the way is an impressive gift.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了珀斯值得一游的四个方面。 1．细节理解题。根据Visiting the epic beaches中的“Definitely one of the best advantages of living in Perth is its beaches. Backed up to the Indian Ocean, Perth is home to crystal clear water and glistening white sand. (住在珀斯最大的优势之一就是它的海滩。背靠印度洋，珀斯拥有清澈的海水和闪闪发光的白沙。)”可知，珀斯海滩的亮点是美丽的海景。故选 C。 2．细节理解题。 根据Enjoying the views from Kings Park中的“Kings Park is not only one of the top tourist attractions in Perth - it’s incredibly popular with locals too! Having a mix of European and Aboriginal heritage throughout the gardens, it’s well known in the fields of horticulture (园艺) for its conservation efforts and scientific research. (国王公园不仅是珀斯的顶级旅游景点之一，而且在当地人中也非常受欢迎!在整个花园中混合了欧洲和土著文化遗产，它在园艺学领域以其保护工作和科学研究而闻名。)”可知，国王公园以其对多种植物的保护而闻名。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据Checking out the Fremantle Markets中的“But best of all, there’s no entrance fee, which makes it a perfect day out for family fun! (但最重要的是，没有入场费，这使它成为家庭娱乐的完美一天!)”可知，弗里曼特尔市场最吸引家庭旅行的是它不收取入场费。故选D。
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．B 7．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了费瑟斯通(Ghuan Featherstone)开马厩的过程，并且通过骑马想要传达给孩子们的一课，那就是尊重所有的生命。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Growing up in the South Central neighborhood of Los Angeles in the 1970s, Ghuan Featherstone only remembers riding a horse with his parents at a nearby park when he was eight years old.(费瑟斯通(Ghuan Featherstone)上世纪70年代在洛杉矶中南部社区长大，他只记得8岁时和父母一起在附近的公园骑马)”以及文章第二段“But ever since, he’s been chasing that sense of freedom and power he felt on the horse that day.(但从那以后，他一直在追寻那天骑马时感受到的自由和力量)”以及“After serving in the Army for eight years, Featherstone remained determined to realize his childhood dream of becoming a cowboy.(在军队服役8年后，费瑟斯通决心实现他儿时的梦想——成为一名牛仔)”可知，童年的骑马经历让费瑟斯通想成为一名牛仔。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“When he returned to Los Angeles, he learned to ride at stables known as “The Hill” in Compton. Riders there would jump on their horse backs and take their horses into the city streets. In 2012, a fire burned down The Hill. What had become a shelter for the youth was suddenly gone. Sensing the void (空缺) after the fire, Featherstone opened his own stables, Urban Saddles, in 2019 to create a space where he could teach kids like Humphreys to care for and ride horses. (回到洛杉矶后，他在康普顿被称为“山”的马厩里学会了骑马。那里的骑手会跳上马背，骑着马进入城市的街道。2012年，一场大火烧毁了“山”。曾经是年轻人庇护所的地方突然消失了。费瑟斯通感觉到了火灾后的空虚，在2019年开设了自己的马厩“城市马鞍”，创造了一个空间，在这里他可以教像汉弗莱斯这样的孩子照顾和骑马)”可知，第三段主要讲述了Urban Saddles开设的过程。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If there’s one lesson Featherstone hopes to convey to kids, it’s a respect for all life. “We’re respecting the animals and we’re respecting each other,” he said.(如果费瑟斯通想要传达给孩子们的一课，那就是尊重所有的生命。“我们尊重动物，也尊重彼此，”他说)”可推知，费瑟斯通开马厩的真正目的是帮助孩子们学会尊重所有生命。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“After serving in the Army for eight years, Featherstone remained determined to realize his childhood dream of becoming a cowboy.(在军队服役8年后，费瑟斯通决心实现他儿时的梦想——成为一名牛仔)”可推知，他是一个有决心的人；根据文章最后一段If there’s one lesson Featherstone hopes to convey to kids, it’s a respect for all life. “We’re respecting the animals and we’re respecting each other,” he said.(如果费瑟斯通想要传达给孩子们的一课，那就是尊重所有的生命。“我们尊重动物，也尊重彼此，”他说)”可推知，他是一个心胸宽广的人。故选D。
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了软体机器人的开发所遇到的困难以及发展的前景。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Even if you’re not familiar with Big Hero 6, a comic series and Disney movie, the robot Baymax might look-familiar. A six-foot-two-inch tall, round, white, inflatable(可充气的)robot nurse, tasked with healthcare duties, Baymax calmly cares for his patients, supports a middle-school student and even helps a cat. A great pal indeed!(即使你不熟悉漫画系列和迪士尼电影《超能陆战队》，机器人大白也可能看起来很熟悉。大白是一个身高6英尺2英寸、圆滚滚、白色的充气机器人护士，肩负着医疗保健的职责，他平静地照顾病人，支持一名中学生，甚至帮助一只猫。真是个好朋友!)”以及第二段“While soft robots already exist, forming one that we would have in our homes, like Baymax, is another story.(虽然软体机器人已经存在，但打造一个像大白那样的家用机器人，则是另一回事。)”可知，第一段提到机器人大白的目的是为了引出本段的主题内容，即：打造软体机器人。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He can also inflate’ and deflate himself when he needs to, but it takes a long time. But the movie does not show the complex hardware that would be required to do this. An air compressor(压缩机)would be too heavy to carry. And while roboticists are coming up with chemicals that could inflate soft robots quickly, it’s too early to use these techniques.(他也可以在需要的时候给自己充气和放气，但这需要很长时间。但这部电影并没有展示完成这一任务所需的复杂硬件。空气压缩机太重，无法携带。虽然机器人专家正在研究可以让软机器人快速膨胀的化学物质，但现在使用这些技术还为时过早。)”、第四段“For soft robots, staying soft and lightweight would keep their parts from getting damaged, but when making a life-sized robot, that will be difficult, since so many moving parts—such as motors, a battery pack, sensors and’ the air Compressor—will pack on weight.(对于软体机器人来说，保持柔软和轻量化可以防止它们的部件被损坏，但是当制造一个真人大小的机器人时，这将是困难的，因为如此多的运动部件——比如马达、电池组、传感器和空气压缩机——会增加重量。)”以及第五段“Heat is another hard nut to crack.(热是另一个棘手的问题。)”可知，软体轻便机器人难以制造的原因是其对硬件的要求较高。故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““There’re all kinds of things that need to come together,” says Alex Alspach, a roboticist at Toyota Research Institute, who also helped develop the movie version of Baymax. Building Baymax’s software—the smart, humanlike mind which gives personalized responses is complex. By comparison, constructing the body will probably be simpler, Alspach suspects. Still, even that will come with challenges.(他说：“有各种各样的东西需要整合在一起。”打造大白的软件——一种能给出个性化回应的智能、类似人类的大脑——是一件复杂的事情。相比之下，构造身体可能会更简单，Alspach怀疑。不过，即便如此，也将面临挑战。)”以及下文内容可知，在真正的软体机器人被创造出来之前还有很多问题待解决。故选C。 11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I think kids will get to see that in their lifetime,” Alspach says, “I’m hoping I get to see it in my lifetime. I don’t think we’re that far.”(Alspach说：“我认为孩子们会在他们的有生之年看到它，我希望我能在有生之年看到它。我不认为我们还要走那么远。”)”可知，Alspach对于软体机器人的制作抱有积极的态度，他认为孩子们在有生之年会看到真正的软体机器人。故选A。
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A 【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为不公平是普遍存在的现象，但不公平是有益处的。在竞争中，你的技能和态度对结果起着重要作用。知道你可以做什么来获得优势可以决定成功和失败。 12．词句猜测题。根据第二段“For example, the early bird catches the worm. It is unfair that the bird that sleeps in misses out on breakfast but it is nice to know that if it gets up early it is sure to get the worm.”（例如，早起的鸟有虫吃。睡懒觉的鸟错过了早餐是不公平的，但很高兴知道，如果它起得早，肯定会吃到虫子。）由此可知，公平的事情通常会给你带来益处。由此可知，划线词的意思是“有益处的东西”。故选B项。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段“The playing field is never even or equal. Your skills and attitude play a major role in the outcome. Knowing what you can do to have an advantage can make the difference between success and failure”（竞技场从来就不是平等的。你的技能和态度对结果起着重要作用。知道你可以做什么来获得优势可以决定成功和失败。）根据第二段“Unfairness is a good thing. There is more to be gained by the effort when things seem unfair. It is true that many things in the world are unfair.”（ 不公平是件好事。当事情看起来不公平的时候，努力会得到更多。的确，世界上很多事情都是不公平的。）由此判断出，竞技场的例子是为了介绍主题。故选A项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“I always try to explain to my kids that complaining about how unfair something is will get them nowhere. Instead, make the most out of it and get on the other side of it.” （我总是向我的孩子们解释，抱怨不公平的事情会让他们一事无成。相反，充分利用它。）由此可知，根据作者的观点，处理不公平的最好方法是充分利用它。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You should look at your place in the world. Where do you want to be financially, spiritually, emotionally, and physically You are creating your own story when you empower yourself.”（ 你应该看看你在世界上的位置。你想在经济上、精神上、情感上和身体上处于什么位置 当你赋予自己力量时，你正在创造自己的故事。）由此判断出，你被告知要看看你在这个世界上的位置，以便使自己更好。故选A项。
【答案】16．D 17．F 18．C 19．B 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了发表公开演讲时，克服紧张和压力的方法。 16．根据上句“When you’re put on the spot, it can feel like a sink-or-swim situation, which can be tense, stressful and pressurizing, especially when you deliver a public speaking. (当你被在现场时，感觉就像一个进退两难的局面，这可能会很紧张，压力很大，尤其是当你发表公开演讲的时候)”可知，设空处应为克服这种问题的方法，D项：Here are three ways that you can improve your delivery. (这里有三种方法可以改善你的演讲) 承上启下，并和下文的建议相呼应。故选D。 17．根据上句“You might find yourself making statements like, “It is significant that doctors help solve this problem.(你可能会发现自己在说：医生帮助解决这个问题很重要。)”以及后句“When you say, “We must solve this problem,” you are speaking more simply and persuasively.(当你说“我们必须解决这个问题”时，你说得更简单、更有说服力。)”设空处承上启下，承接上句那样说话所产生的后果以及后句如何进行调整。F项：Language like this creates distance between yourself and others. (这样的语言会让你和别人之间产生距离。)合乎题意。故选F。 18．根据上句“Questions are two-way interactions.(问题是双向的互动。)”可知，设空处会解释双向的互动的作用。C项：You and others around you enter into a back-and-forth. (你和你周围的人进入一个来回的交流)合乎题意。故选C。 19．根据后句“But memorisation also can come back to haunt us. (但死记硬背也会反过来困扰我们。)”由but表转折可知，设空处应为死记硬背的好处 B项：Writing down what we might want to say can help.(写下我们可能想说的话会有所帮助)说明其好处，合乎题意。故选B。 20．根据上句“Instead of rushing to memorise, try writing out what you’d like to say and then turning that into a short, bullet-pointed outlin, Doing so allows you to think through the material in detail while giving you a brief structure that’s easier to keep in mind (不要急于记忆，试着把你想说的话写出来，然后把它变成一个简短的、有重点的提纲，这样做可以让你详细地思考材料，同时给你一个更容易记住的简短结构)”设空处承接上句，说明这样做的结果 G项：Using that structure, you can more confidently fill in the gaps as you go. (使用这种结构，你可以更自信地填补空白)合乎题意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。在养育孩子时，我们无法判断自己做得是否正确。文章通过父亲带着女儿一起经历一场假面试试验，表明了女孩的良好道德，这位父亲应该为她感到骄傲。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们出生时没有指导手册，那么我们如何评价我们抚养他们的工作呢？A. abandon放弃；B. appreciate欣赏、享受；C. choose选择；D. judge评价。根据“Kids don’t come with an instruction guide”可知，孩子出生时没有指导手册，此处提问，应如何评价抚养他们的工作。故选D项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位父亲和女儿在一个视频节目中做了一个实验：“假面试”。A. appointment预约；B. experiment试验；C. agreement同意；D. argument争论。根据下文“fake job interview”可知，这是一场假面试，所以是一场试验。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段视频中，女儿多次打断父亲的“采访”，以典型的孩子方式出卖父亲。A. interrupted打断；B. forgave原谅；C. reminded提醒；D. inspired鼓励。根据“selling out her dad in typical kid fashion”及下文“Finally she stood up and shouted”可知，在面试过程中，女儿总是打断父亲。故选A项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他女儿坐在他旁边，看起来很兴奋。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. confused困惑的；C. excited激动的，兴奋的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“selling out her dad in typical kid fashion”可知，女孩是很兴奋的。故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“采访者”要求他把孩子带到现场，原因不明。A. reporters记者；B. advertisers广告商；C. customers顾客；D. interviewers面试官，采访者。根据上文“the father’s “interview””可知，这是一场面试，此处是“采访官”要求父亲将孩子带到现场。故选D项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他尽职尽责地和女儿艾比坐在一起，准备给她留下一个好印象。A. Dutifully尽责地；B. Apparently明显地；C. Skillfully巧妙地；D. Faithfully准确地，仔细地，忠诚地。根据“he was ready to make a favorable impression”可知，父亲是很认真对待面试的，可以说是尽责地和女儿坐在一起。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，和平并没有持续多久。A. treatment对待，治疗；B. peace平静，和平；C. humor幽默；D. lecture讲座。根据下文“Finally she stood up and shouted”可知，女儿在父亲面试开始后就打断了他，所以刚开始的和平没有维持太久。故选B项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他开始自我介绍时，他讲述了自己的生活方式。A. application申请，应用；B. proposal提议；C. introduction介绍；D. request要求。根据“he offered stories about his lifestyle”可知，父亲开始自我介绍。故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每提到一个“事实”，艾比的表情就会发生变化。A. changed改变；B. shared分享；C. covered覆盖；D. shined照耀。根据“as each “fact” was mentioned”及“Finally she stood up and shouted “you can’t____10____to them.””可推知，女儿听到父亲说的和自己的认知不一致，表情就会变化。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后她站起来喊道：“你不能对他们撒谎。”A. explain解释；B. complain抱怨；C. lie位于，撒谎；D. 呼吁，上诉。根据下文“She continued to____11____the rest of his lies before in ally walking offscreen.”可知，女儿认为父亲不应该说谎。故选C项。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在离开银幕之前，她继续大声说出了他剩下的谎言。A. sign up报名参加；B. call out呼喊，大声说出；C. put away收拾；D. take back退还，收回。根据上文“stood up and shouted “you can’t____10____to them””可知，女儿继续大叫说出了父亲剩余的谎言。故选B项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在养育孩子的时候，我们永远无法确定自己做得对不对。A. serious严格的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. certain确定的。根据“we’re doing it right”及第一段“Kids don’t come with an instruction guide”可知，养育孩子时没有指南，我们不确定做得对不对。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于这个男人来说，他正在抚养一个有良好道德的年轻女子。A. morals道德；B. talents才能；C. honors荣誉；D. orders命令。根据上文“She continued to____11____the rest of his lies before in ally walking offscreen.”可知，这个女孩有着良好的道德，不愿看见父亲撒谎。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不相信说谎，也不怕在父亲说谎时纠正他。A. follow跟随；B. praise赞扬；C. correct纠正；D. refuse拒绝。根据“She doesn’t believe in lying”可知，女孩不相信说谎，在父亲犯错时还纠正他。故选C项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲可以为他所做的工作感到自豪！A. careful仔细的；B. proud骄傲的；C. critical批判的，关键的；D. responsible负责的。根据上文“She doesn’t believe in lying and isn’t afraid to____14____her dad when he does.”可知，这位父亲应该为女儿的表现感到骄傲。故选B项。
【答案】1．gratitude 2．consumed 3．was accepted 4．incredibly 5．loss 6．Instead 7．is 8．whom 9．better 10．what 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲江梦南获得了2021年感动中国奖并介绍了她坎坷的个人经历以及她如何凭借决心和毅力取得成功的。 1．考查名词。句意：江梦南在获得2021年度感动中国人物奖的那一刻，激动地说，她最想表达对父母的感激之情。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，gratitude表“感激”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填gratitude。 2．考查动词时态。句意：出生于1992年的江，从6个月大起，她的世界就沉寂了下来，因为药物无可挽回地消耗了她的听力。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，the drugs 与consume为主动关系，且由后文可知，这里时态也应用一般过去时。故填consumed。 3．考查动词语态。句意：她于2018年被清华大学生命科学学院博士生录取。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，She和accept为被动关系，且由in 2018可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was accepted。 4．考查副词。句意：更令人难以置信的是，她正在帮助激励家乡湖南省的残疾儿童。分析句子可知，此空应填副词，作状语，修饰后面句子。故填incredibly。 5．考查名词。句意：由于听力损失，她不能当医生。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，loss表“损失”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填loss。 6．考查副词。句意：相反，她选择了药房来帮助减轻人们的疼痛并帮助他们康复。分析句子可知，此空应填副词，再由句意可知，此空应填instead，表“相反”，符合句意，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Instead。 7．考查主谓一致。句意：她坚持的另一个关键方法是教育处于类似情况的孩子，不受他们残疾的限制。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，时态与前面保持一致用一般现在时，且本句主语为Another crucial way，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 8．考查定语从句。句意：江参观了特殊教育学校的学生，他们中的许多人受到启发，要尽自己最大的努力，成为一个所谓的健康人。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为students，为人，关系词在从句中作介词后宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：她强调，残疾人不必感到气馁，因为他们在正常生活中可以做得和周围的非残疾人一样，甚至更好。分析句子可知，副词even后应用形容词比较级。故填better。 10．考查主语从句。句意：当上帝关上一扇门，打开一扇窗，这个女孩相信她一路走来所遇到的是一份令人印象深刻的礼物。分析句子可知，这里考查主语从句，从句中缺宾语，由句意可知，应用连接代词what，指代“她遇到的事情”。故填what。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【21】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·广东省江门市高三上学期调研测试）
Four Peak District waterfall walks
The Peak District National Park offers beautiful scenery for hiking. One exciting attraction is the region’s waterfalls. We’ve picked out four of the most breathtaking waterfall walks; visit just one or tick off all of them as you discover the Peak District.
Kinder Downfall
If there’s one Peak District waterfall that you must visit, it’s this one. Kinder Downfall is one of the best Great British waterfalls, where you can watch a 30-metrestream of water flowing from an open plateau at Kinder Scout. It’s best to schedule your visit after heavy rain when the waterfall is really in full force.
Lumsdale Falls
If you feel like stepping back in time, take a trip to Lumsdale Falls. The area includes many 17th-century mill (磨坊) buildings which used to be powered by the nearby rivers, and the ancient ruins create a timeless atmosphere in the beautiful Lumsdale Valley.
Padley Gorge
The journey to this waterfall has a charming, fairy-tale feel, making it perfect for a fun day out as a family. The walk is around an hour each way, but there are plenty of picnic spots where you can all refuel, as well as areas for little feet to safely paddle in the chilly water.
Rivelin Valley
Make sure you pack your camera when you visit this waterfall in the Rivel in Valley, as it’s one of the most picturesque spots in the Peak District. Follow the nature trail through the woodland where you’ll find dams, reservoirs, streams and a series of very pretty waterfalls.
1．Which of the following best describes the atmosphere of Lumsdale Falls
A．Rural. B．Historic. C．Family-friendly. D．Dangerous.
2．Which waterfall walk is recommended for photography enthusiasts
A．Kinder Downfall. B．Lumsdale Falls.
C．Padley Gorge. D．Rivelin Valley.
3．Where can the text be found
A．In a travel guide. B．In a news article.
C．In a historical document. D．In a scientific journal.
B
（2023·河南开封·统考二模）
Rural Patagonia is famous for its wonderful nature. A Google search for “bicycle tour Patagonia” led my friend Rachel and me to the Carretera Austral: a 770-mile stretch of mostly unpaved highway. We packed our bikes into hoxes and flew to Puerto Montt, a port city some 650 miles south of Santiago. From there, we continued south for several days and set foot on the Carretera.
It took about two weeks to cycle the route through wild forests, windswept plains, and snow-capped mountains. On our last full day along the Carretera-and three days into a constant rainstorm-we found ourselves at a loss for where to sleep. We were cold and wet.
We were still 30 miles from Villa O’Higgins, which marked the end of the Carretera and the promise of a hot shower. From there, we’d ride about 600 miles further along somewhat better roads to Ushuaia.
There was no way we were going to make O’Higgins by nightfall. We hadn’t passed a nice campsite in hours. We’d just stopped beside a small stream when we spotted a cowboy-looking man walking out of the trees. And we saw that the stream led to a small house. The man came to the road. “Do you know a dry place to camp ” Rachel asked.
The man invited us into his home. We shared hot chocolate and conversation in his warm, rough kitchen. He brought out an old copy of Patagon Journal, and we were amazed to see a photo of our host, Erasmo Betancourt, on the cover. It turns out that our new friend was a well-known cowboy-turned-activist who had been an outspoken opponent of the damming(筑坝)of Patagonia＇s rivers. In recent decades, local farmers, fishermen, and conservationists have fiercely resisted the construction of hydroelectric(使用水力发电的)dams on the region＇s mighty rivers. Our adventure wouldn’t have been possible if not for their fierce love of this beautiful land and devotion to its protection.
The next morning, we thanked our host and hit the road. Is there anywhere on Earth so remote that one cannot encounter humanity
4．Where were the author and Rachel headed the next day
A．Ushuaia. B．Santiago.
C．Puerto Montt. D．Villa O’Higgins.
5．What was the major problem facing the author and Rachel that night
A．Where to find a dry campsite.
B．How to satisfy their hunger.
C．How to find their way in the forest.
D．Where to get some drinking water.
6．What was Betancourt’s attitude to building hydroelectric dams on Patagonia’s rivers
A．Supportive. B．Disapproving.
C．Tolerant. D．Uncertain.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．Dams on mighty rivers ruined our adventure.
B．A bicycle tour of Patagonia revealed nature to us.
C．A cowboy-turned-activist saved Patagonia’s rivers.
D．We encountered kindness in one of the wildest places on Earth.
C
（2023·湖北·高三统考一模）
Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal, this year’s winners of the most famous award in architecture, are as surprised as anyone else. “Of course, we are very pleased,” Lacaton said. She and her partner smiled broadly.
Putting aside their wearing eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of “architects”. Lacaton and Vassal apply a belief—never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse - to their work on old urban buildings. Designs by Lacaton and Vassal have focused on perfecting low-income housing complexes, beautifully and functionally, while respecting — rather than displacing- the people who live there.
“Buildings are beautiful when people feel well in them,“ Lacaton explained. “When the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the outside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensations are unexpected.” Vassal added, “There’s a lot of violence in architecture. We try to be accurate. We try to work with kindness.” perfecting low-income housing complexes, beautifully and functionally, while respecting — rather than displacing- the people who live there.
When Lacaton and Vassal were asked to redesign a particularly large and ugly public housing building in Bordeaux in 2017, the residents told them they did not want to move, even temporarily, but that they wanted bigger units. The solution was to surround the building with large outdoor terraces (露天平台), adding sliding glass doors to each unit, and remaking the exterior from concrete to something gleaming(闪光的), modern and alive. Suddenly, everyone had roomy outdoor space, some of which was enclosed to be used during the winter as “winter gardens”.
“Their approach of cost-effective, creative readaption could be a model for urban planning in the U.S., where destruction’s been seen as a method of solving the worsening public housing in such cities as Chicago and St.Louis,” architecture professor Mabel 0. Wilson says. “And granted, there’s a host of other issues as to why that happened. It’s not the building. It’s the absence of social services and lack of repair to buildings that made living in public housing impossible for residents.
8．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about Lacaton and Vassal
A．Their housing standard. B．Their working principle.
C．Their living conditions. D．Their wearing style.
9．What do Lacaton and Vassal seek to do in their architecture work
A．Rebuild old houses precisely.
B．Displace the settlers with great kindness.
C．Improve rather than knock down old buildings.
D．Extend space for people as much as possible.
10．Why does the author mention the public housing building in Bordeaux
A．To stress the importance of winter gardens.
B．To show the violence in tearing down buildings.
C．To reflect the cost of readapting houses.
D．To prove the possibility of improving old houses.
11．Why do people tend to knock down the worsening public housing, according to Wilson
A．It saves the cost effectively.
B．It makes room for new creative buildings.
C．They lack awareness of social services.
D．There is no need to repair these buildings.
D
（2023·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）
Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later. Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.
A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago. They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years. The research has turned up a surprising list of materials that were mixed into old buildings. They include tree bark, volcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability to get stronger over time. Figuring out how to copy these features can have real impacts today. While some of our modern concrete has the strength to hold up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannot compete with the durability of these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned to the Romans. Starting around 200 BC, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago. They think they have found an important reason why some Roman concrete has held up structures for thousands of years. That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they form is the most shocking for them. Exactly how is not yet clear, but scientists are starting to find the reasons.
Today’s builders cannot just copy the ancient processes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a long time, it couldn’t hold up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying to take some of the ancient materials and add them into modern mixes. People don’t need to make things last quite as long as the Romans did. If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run.
12. What were the mentioned Roman and Chinese buildings both used for
A. Travel. B. Defence. C. Soldier training. D. Seawater control.
13. Which word can best describe the ancient buildings
A. Long-lasting. B. Energy-efficient. C. Delicate. D. Flexible.
14. What surprises the scientists most about the ancient building materials
A. Their large cracks. B. Their clear concrete.
C. Their internal structures. D. Their self-repairing ability.
15. What is the author’s attitude to the future concrete
A. Tolerant. B. Expectant. C. Suspicious. D. Indifferent.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·河北省邯郸市高三第一次调研试题）
There’s no need to be ashamed about dozing off in class. It is actually a natural phenomenon. Studies have shown that people can only stay completely focused on something for a maximum of 10 minutes. 16 Dozing off during an important activity or event on a regular basis can develop into a habit that you might carry into other areas of your life.
Scientists have found that avoiding overeating before class is one of the most effective ways to beat class sleepiness. Most people have experienced “food coma (昏迷)” after eating a large meal. Eating too much results in a feeling of heaviness that uses up your energy. This happens because the body releases chemicals that signal drowsiness after eating. 17
Carbohydrates (碳水化合物) release more serotonin (血清素) from the brain, which makes you feel good. 18 Basically, not all foods have the same impact on your body. While some foods can increase your energy, others can make you sleepy. Also, tasking your body with digesting a large meal is exhausting. Eating large portions — especially of unhealthy foods — will leave your body with little energy to use elsewhere.
19 This gives your body the opportunity to digest smaller amounts of food at a time, leaving you feeling energized instead of tired after your meals.
Also, avoid heavy foods and choose healthy, balanced meals instead. 20 An example of a well-rounded breakfast to have before class would be a glass of milk, an egg and a salad containing at least three vegetables.
A．Finally, it helps deliver oxygen to your vital organs.
B．However, too much serotonin can lead to drowsiness.
C．Unfortunately, most classes last longer than 10 minutes.
D．Falling asleep in class can cause poor academic performance.
E．A healthy meal should include fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.
F．This is particularly true if you eat a meal that is high in carbohydrates.
G．It is recommended that you keep a stable level of energy by eating smaller meals.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·湖北省武汉市（武汉六中）部分重点中学高三第二次联考）
Patrick, Scheels store’s fishing manager, always helps customers with their angling (垂钓) needs, but one 1 stood out.
One day, a young boy named Xander entered the store with his mother, Brynn. Patrick noticed his eye were filled with 2 about the world of fishing. For nearly an hour, they 3 their shared passion.
Brynn shared the 4 of Xander’s connection to angling, explaining, “My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never got to go fishing with him. So over the last year, he’s been 5 grandpa, wishing he could go fishing with him.”
6 by Xander’s longing for a connection to his late grandfather, Patrick decided to take action and 7 Xander his first fishing pole. “It was sixty dollars and he bought it with his own money,” Xander said. This 8 gesture brought tears to Brynn’s eyes, and she acknowledged that such acts of kindness aren’t 9 .
However, Patrick’s generosity didn’t 10 here. This fishing enthusiast went a step further by 11 a memorable fishing trip for Xander and his family. To 12 that Xander had a fulfilling experience, two professional anglers from Scheels 13 him on the trip, offering guidance and teaching him valuable skills.
Patrick’s kindness was 14 a breath of fresh air for Xander and his family, who described the fishing trip as a once-in-a-lifetime experience.“I felt like it was my 15 to pass on the good word of fishing,” Patrick said.
1．A．argument B．journey C．adventure D．encounter
2．A．curiosity B．nervousness C．concern D．regret
3．A．identified with B．associated with C．bonded over D．debated over
4．A．wisdom B．definition C．evidence D．significance
5．A．mourning B．missing C．admiring D．persuading
6．A．Touched B．Inspired C．Amused D．Surprised
7．A．made B．lent C．showed D．gifted
8．A．abrupt B．strange C．symbolic D．genuine
9．A．practical B．common C．secure D．avoidable
10．A．stop B．root C．extend D．expand
11．A．arranging B．postponing C．appointing D．canceling
12．A．reveal B．compensate C．ensure D．enquire
13．A．accompanied B．monitored C．assessed D．funded
14．A．ultimately B．truly C．initially D．sincerely
15．A．capability B．responsibility C．submission D．admission
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·河北石家庄·二中高三纵向评价试题）
The Shanxi Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve, with the Hongjiannao Lake at its core, is located in the north of Shanxi Province. With a total area of 107. 68 square kilometers, this wetland is one of the main 1 (habitat) for Central Asian gull, a migratory bird species 2 (list) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species.
The Central Asian gull breeds (繁殖) inland in places including Kazakhstan, Mongolia and the 3 (north) part of China, spending their winters around the Bohai Sea. In spring, they fly to desert lakes in Northwest China. However, the environment around Hongjiannao Lake worsened, 4 (cast) a shadow over the species.
In 2010, 7, 700 baby gulls were bred within a year. However, after 2012 the number of mid-lake islands 5 the gulls made their nests kept decreasing, leading to 6 number of the baby gulls dropping to 2,000. To protect the environment, the Hongjiannao Nature Reserve 7 (establish) in 2014.
So far, the Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve 8 (adopt) a series of measures to restore the ecology, like river management and water quality monitoring and control. According 9 the data obtained from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment, in 2017, there were only dozens of gull nests. Yet in 2019, the nests increased to 800, and in 2022 10 (far) increased to 4,700.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个山顶区瀑布步道的相关情况。 1．细节理解题。根据Lumsdale Falls部分的“The area includes many 17th-century mill (磨坊) buildings which used to be powered by the nearby rivers, and the ancient ruins create a timeless atmosphere in the beautiful Lumsdale Valley.(该地区包括许多17世纪的磨坊建筑，这些建筑曾经由附近的河流提供动力，古老的废墟在美丽的Lumsdale山谷中营造了一种永恒的氛围。)”可知，Lumsdale瀑布的氛围是历史性的，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Rivelin Valley部分的“Make sure you pack your camera when you visit this waterfall in the Rivel in Valley, as it’s one of the most picturesque spots in the Peak District.(当你在河谷里参观这个瀑布时，一定要带上相机，因为它是山顶区最风景如画的景点之一。)”可知，要对摄影爱好者推荐的是Rivelin Valley。故选D。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The Peak District National Park offers beautiful scenery for hiking. One exciting attraction is the region’s waterfalls. We’ve picked out four of the most breathtaking waterfall walks; visit just one or tick off all of them as you discover the Peak District.(山顶区国家公园为徒步旅行提供了美丽的风景。该地区的瀑布是一个令人兴奋的景点。我们挑选了四条最令人叹为观止的瀑布步道；当你发现山顶区时，只参观其中一个或勾选所有的景点。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是四个山顶区瀑布步道的相关情况，因此可以在旅游指南上发现这篇文章。故选A。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者和朋友去Carretera Austral的旅行的时得到了好心人的帮助。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“We packed our bikes into hoxes and flew to Puerto Montt, a port city some 650 miles south of Santiago.”(我们把自行车打包装进了箱子里，飞往位于Santiago 南部约650英里的Puerto Montt。)可知，作者和朋友第二天去往Puerto Montt.。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“On our last full day along the Carretera-and three days into a constant rainstorm-we found ourselves at a loss for where to sleep. We were cold and wet.”(在我们沿着the Carretera的最后一天，三天后到了一个多暴风雨的地方。在这里我们无处睡觉，我们又冷又湿)以及第四段“Do you know a dry place to camp”(你知不知道我们可以在哪里找到露营的干燥的地方呢？)可知作者一行面临的主要问题是找一个干燥的营地。故选A。 6．判断推理题。根据第五段“It turns out that our new friend was a well-known cowboy-turned-activist who had been an outspoken opponent of the damming(筑坝)of Patagonia＇s rivers.”(结果，我们的新朋友是一个知名的牛仔，他是一个反对在Patagonia＇s rivers筑坝的积极分子。)可知Betancourt反对在Patagonia＇s rivers筑坝。故选B。 7．主旨大意题。整篇文章在讲作者和朋友在旅行期间得到了好心人的帮助。根据最后一段“The next morning, we thanked our host and hit the road. Is there anywhere on Earth so remote that one cannot encounter humanity ”（第二天早上，我们向主人表示感谢，然后上路了。地球上有没有地方如此遥远以至于人们无法与人类相遇？）可知，短文的最佳标题为“我们在地球上最荒凉的地方之一遇到了善良”。故选D。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．C 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了获得最负盛名建筑奖的Anne Lacaton 和 Jean-Philippe Vassal，以及他们的建筑理念。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Lacaton and Vassal apply a belief—never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse - to their work on old urban buildings. (拉卡顿和瓦塞尔在他们对旧城市建筑的研究中秉持着一种信念——永不破坏、永不移除或更换、始终添加、改造和重复使用。)”可知，第二段暗含了他俩的工作原则，故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse(永不破坏，永不移除或替换，始终添加，转换和重用)”以及第三段的“There’s a lot of violence in architecture. We try to be accurate. We try to work with kindness.(建筑中有很多暴力。我们尽量做到准确。我们努力用善意来工作。)”可知，他们在建筑工作中，更多的是改进，而不是拆掉建筑，故选C项。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The solution was to surround the building with large outdoor terraces (露天平台), adding sliding glass doors to each unit, and remaking the exterior from concrete to something gleaming(闪光的), modern and alive.(解决方案是在建筑周围建造大型室外露台，为每个单元增加滑动玻璃门，并将混凝土外墙改造成闪闪发光、现代而有活力的东西。)”可知，通过描述 Lacaton 和 Vasss 对公共住房经过一些改进实现了修缮旧房屋的目的证明了改进老旧房屋的可能性。故选D项。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It’s not the building. It’s the absence of social services and lack of repair to buildings that made living in public housing impossible for residents.(不是建筑本身的问题，而是社会服务的缺失和建筑维修的缺乏，使得居民无法住在公共住房里。)”可知，Wilson 认为人们拆掉旧房屋，是因为他们缺乏社会服务意识，故选C项。
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。 12. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies.”（罗马的建造者建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤。玛雅工匠创造了伟大的雕塑，中国工匠建造了抵御外敌的城墙。）可推知，罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B项。 13 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later.”（世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。）以及第二段中“A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago. They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years.”（长久以来，越来越多的科学家一直在研究材料。他们正在拆除建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。）可推知，这些古建筑能够持久的存在。故选A项。 14. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks when they form is the most shocking for them.”（这些古老的材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在裂缝形成时自我修复和“治愈”裂缝，这对他们来说是最令人震惊的。）可知，古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D项。 15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run.”（如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定需要更少的拆除，更少的维护和更少的材料。）可推知，作者对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B项。
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．F 19．G 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章分析了课上打瞌睡的原因并给出了解决这一问题的建议。 16．空格前的句子“Studies have shown that people can only stay completely focused on something for a maximum of 10 minutes.（研究表明，人们完全专注于某件事的时间最多只能是10分钟）”是说人们完全专注于某件事的时间最多只能是10分钟。而C项“Unfortunately, most classes last longer than 10 minutes.（不幸的是，大多数课程持续时间超过10分钟）”提到“大多数课程持续时间超过10分钟”。所以，C项和上文是顺接关系。故选C项。 17．空格前的句子“Eating too much results in a feeling of heaviness that uses up your energy. This happens because the body releases chemicals that signal drowsiness after eating.（吃得太多会让你感到沉重，耗尽你的能量。这是因为进食后身体会释放出一些化学物质，发出困倦的信号）”提到吃得太多会耗尽你的能量，让你困倦，这当然会影响你的学习，所以D项“Falling asleep in class can cause poor academic performance.（上课睡觉会导致学习成绩不佳）”和上文是因果关系，所以D项填入空格处符合题意。故选D项。 18．空格前的句子“Carbohydrates (碳水化合物) release more serotonin (血清素) from the brain, which makes you feel good.（碳水化合物从大脑中释放更多的血清素，这让你感觉良好）”提到碳水化合物的作用，它从大脑中释放更多的血清素让你感觉良好；F项“This is particularly true if you eat a meal that is high in carbohydrates.（如果你吃了一顿碳水化合物含量高的饭，情况尤其如此）”中的“情况尤其如此”指的是上一句中的“让你感觉良好”，所以F项和上一句是顺接关系。故选F项。 19．由空格后的句子“This gives your body the opportunity to digest smaller amounts of food at a time, leaving you feeling energized instead of tired after your meals.（这让你的身体有机会一次消化少量的食物，让你在饭后感到精力充沛而不是疲惫）”可知，空格处的句子应该提到“少量食物”，所以G项“It is recommended that you keep a stable level of energy by eating smaller meals.（建议你通过少吃多餐来保持稳定的能量水平）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。 20．空格前的句子“Also, avoid heavy foods and choose healthy, balanced meals instead.（同时，避免吃油腻的食物，选择健康、均衡的膳食）”提到“健康、均衡的膳食”，所以空格处的句子应该进一步说明什么样的饮食是健康、均衡饮食。所以E项“A healthy meal should include fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.（健康的一餐应该包括水果、蔬菜和健康的脂肪）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。帕特里克是谢尔斯商店的钓鱼经理，他遇到了因为思念去世的爷爷而对钓鱼充满热情的赞德，帕特里克被赞德对爷爷的思念感动了，他把自己的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德，并为赞德和他的家人组织了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅，这让赞德和他的家人充满了感激。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克是谢尔斯商店的钓鱼经理，他总是帮助顾客满足他们的钓鱼需求，但有一次遇到了特别的问题。A. argument争论；B. journey旅行；C. adventure冒险；D. encounter邂逅，偶遇。根据后文“One day, a young boy named Xander entered the store with his mother, Brynn.”可知，此处是指一次“邂逅”非常特别。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克注意到他的眼睛里充满了对钓鱼世界的好奇。A. curiosity好奇；B. nervousness紧张；C. concern担忧；D. regret遗憾。根据后文“their shared passion”可知，此处是指他的眼睛里充满了对钓鱼世界的“好奇”。故选A。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在将近半个小时的时间里，他们因为共同的激情拉近了距离。A. identified with相同于；B. associated with与…有关；C. bonded over因共同经历或兴趣建立联系；D. debated over对于……争论。根据“their shared passion”可知，此处是指因为共同的激情“建立了联系”。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：布林分享了赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义，她解释说：“我的父亲是一名渔民，去年去世了，但赞德从来没有和他一起去钓鱼。所以在过去的一年里，他一直很想念爷爷，希望能和他一起去钓鱼。”A. wisdom智慧；B. definition定义；C. evidence证据；D. significance意义。根据“My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never got to go fishing with him.”可知，此处是指赞德与钓鱼的联系的“意义”——怀念爷爷。故选D。 5． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：布林分享了赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义，她解释说：“我的父亲是一名渔民，去年去世了，但赞德从来没有和他一起去钓鱼。所以在过去的一年里，他一直很想念爷爷，希望能和他一起去钓鱼。”A. mourning哀悼；B. missing思念，想念；C. admiring钦佩；D. persuading劝说。根据“wishing he could go fishing with him”可知，此处是指他一直很“想念”爷爷。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动，帕特里克决定采取行动，并将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。A. Touched感动的；B. Inspired受到启发的；C. Amused愉悦的；D. Surprised惊讶的。根据“by Xander’s longing for a connection to his late grandfather”和“Patrick decided to take action”可知，此处是指被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所“感动”。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动，帕特里克决定采取行动，并将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。A. made制作；B. lent借给；C. showed展现；D. gifted赠送。根据后文“Patrick’s generosity”可知，此处是指将他的第一根鱼竿“赠送给”了赞德。故选D。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个真诚的举动让布琳热泪盈眶，她承认这样的善举并不常见。A. abrupt突然的；B. strange奇怪的；C. symbolic象征的；D. genuine真诚的 。根据“brought tears to Brynn’s eyes”可知，此处是指这个“真诚的”举动。故选D。 9． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个真诚的举动让布琳热泪盈眶，她承认这样的善举并不常见。A. practical实际的；B. common常见的；C. secure安全的；D. avoidable可避免的。根据“she acknowleged that such acts of kindness”以及语境可知，此处是指她承认这样的善举（把自己第一根钓鱼竿送给赞德）并不“常见的”。故选B。 10． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，帕特里克的慷慨并不止于此。A. stop停止；B. root生根；C. extend延伸；D. expand扩大。根据后文“This fishing enthusiast went a step further”可知，此处是指帕特里克的慷慨并不“停止”于此。故选A。 11． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位钓鱼爱好者更进一步，为赞德和他的家人安排了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅。A. arranging安排；B. postponing推迟；C. appointing任命；D. canceling取消。根据“a memorable fishing trip for Xander and his family”可知，此处是指为赞德和他的家人“安排”了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确保赞德有一个充实的体验，两名来自Scheels的专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行，提供指导并教他宝贵的技能。A. reveal揭露；B. compensate补偿；C. ensure确保；D. enquire询问。根据“that Xander had an fulfilling experience”和“offering guidance and teaching him valuable skills”可知，此处是指为了“确保”赞德有一个充实的体验。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确保赞德有一个充实的体验，两名来自Scheels的专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行，提供指导并教他宝贵的技能。A. accompanied陪伴；B. monitored监控；C. assessed评估；D. funded拨款给。根据“offering guidance and teaching him valuable skills”可知，此处是指两名专业垂钓者“陪同”他一起旅行。故选A。 14． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说真的是一股清新的空气，他们把这次钓鱼之旅描述为一生一次的经历。A.ultimately最终地；B. truly真正地，完全地；C. initially起初地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据“who described the fishing trip as a once-in-a-lifetime”可知，此处是指帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说“真正地”是一股清新的空气。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克说：“我觉得我有责任把钓鱼的好话传递下去。”。A. capability能力；B. responsibility责任；C. submission提交；D. admission准许进入。由下文“pass on the good word of fishing”可知，帕特里克认为，把钓鱼这门好的运动传递下去是他的“责任”，因为可以给他人带来积极的影响。故选B。
【答案】1．habitats 2．listed 3．northern 4．casting 5．where 6．the 7．was established 8．has adopted 9．to 10．further 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了为了保护红碱淖地区的鸟类，成立了红碱淖国家级自然保护区，采取了一系列恢复生态的措施，成功地保护了鸟类。 1．考查名词。句意：这片湿地总面积107平方公里，是中亚海鸥的主要栖息地之一，中亚海鸥是被列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录的候鸟。分析句子结构，“one of + 复数名词”为固定结构，含义为：……其中之一，所以空白处应填复数名词，故填habitats。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语bird species之间为动宾关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填listed。 3．考查形容词。句意：中亚海鸥在哈萨克斯坦、蒙古和中国北部等内陆地区繁殖，在渤海周围过冬。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词形式，故填northern。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，红碱淖湖周围的环境恶化，给该物种蒙上了阴影。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语the environment之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词，故填casting。 5．考查定语从句。句意：然而，2012年之后，海鸥筑巢的湖中岛屿数量不断减少，导致小海鸥的数量降至2000只。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词是mid-lake islands，代替先行词在句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句，故填where。 6．考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，the number of为固定短语，含义为：……的数量，与句子表达的含义一致，故填the。 7．考查被动语态。句意：为了保护环境，红碱淖自然保护区于2014年成立。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，根据后面的时间状语in 2014可知句子表达的是一个过去的动作，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。 8．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，红碱淖国家级自然保护区已经采取了一系列恢复生态的措施，如河流管理和水质监测与控制。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文时间状语so far可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时形式，故填has adopted。 9．考查介词。句意：根据从中国生态环境部获得的数据，2017年，海鸥巢穴只有几十个。分析句子结构，according to为固定短语，含义为：根据……，与句子表达的含义一致，故填to。 10．考查副词比较级。句意：然而，在2019年，鸟巢数量增加到800个，2022年进一步增加到4700个。根据上文“in 2019, the nests increased to 800, and in 2022(2019年，鸟巢数量增加到800个，2022年)”可知，此处在进行比较，应使用副词的比较级形式且表示“进一步地”含义，故填further。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【22】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·湖北·高三校联考期中）
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, MexIco！
◆ Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise(乘船游览)
Duration: 5 hrs
Kick off the evening with a scenic cruise across Banderas Bay to Las Caletas. Las Caletas, once home to a Hollywood movie director John Huston, offers front-row sunset seats, and dinner tables just steps away from the water. The buffet-style menu offers a wide variety of choices. Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco. You must be able to climb and go down stairs.
◆ Sayulita Escape
Duration: 3 hrs
Hop on a powerful UTV(utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a nice beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its relaxing atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, an open bar, and a knowledgeable crew await your return to the ship. Wheelchair accessibility is available.
◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway
Duration: 7 hrs
The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones. You can even swim out to an offshore platform to practice your diving skills. Wheelchair accessibility is not available.
◆Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto vallarta
Duration: 6hrs 30mins
Enjoy a feast of local flavors in our food and tacos-tasting tour. Discover Puerto Vallarta's best flavors to the locals'eye. Learn about the local culture and life, while you eat where the locals do with their beloved ones. Wheelchair accessibility is not avaliable.
1．What can tourists do on the tour Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise
A．Enjoy free dinners.
B．Come across the movie director John Huston.
C．Learn about the history of Jalisco.
D．Watch the scenic sunrise.
2．How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones
A．It includes a licensed guide.
B．It is more friendly to the disabled.
C．It offers various water event.
D．It has adventurous routes.
3．Which tour suits families with kids
A．Las Caletas Beach Hideaway.
B．Sayulita Escape.
C．Rhythms of the Night-Sunset Cruise.
D．Street Food and Taco Tour in Puerto Vallarta.
B
（2023·江苏扬州·高三扬州中学校考期末）
Once a circle missed a wedge (楔子). The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for its missing piece. But because it was incomplete and therefore could roll only very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. It chatted with worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. Finally it found a piece that fit perfectly. It was so happy. Now that it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, too fast to notice flowers or talk to the worms. When it realized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped, left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away.
In some strange sense we are more whole when we are missing something. The man who has everything is in some ways a poor man. He will never know what it feels like to yearn, to hope, to nourish(滋润) his soul with the dream of something better. He will never know the experience of having someone who loves him give him something he has always wanted or never had.
There is wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and does not feel like a failure for doing so. There is wholeness about the man or woman who has learned that he or she is strong enough to go through a tragedy(悲剧) and survive — he or she can lose someone and still feel like a complete person.
Life is more like a baseball season, when even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. When we accept that imperfection is part of being human, and when we can continue rolling through life and appreciate it, we will have achieved wholeness that others can only long for.
4．Which may be an example of being whole
A．A person has everything.
B．A person accepts his or her limitations.
C．A person loves someone and is loved.
D．A person feels blue for dropping unrealistic goals.
5．How is a baseball season similar to life
A．Easy come, easy go.
B．Failure is the mother of success.
C．Energy and persistence conquer all things.
D．Some battles you win and some battles you lose.
6．How does the author clarify his idea
A．Mainly by comparing.
B．Mainly by reasoning.
C．Mainly by informing.
D．Mainly by arguing.
7．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Pursue perfection in life
B．Be whole in life
C．Life without mistakes is whole
D．No pains, no gains
C
（2023·江苏泰州·高三统考一模）
After the season for giving, it is the one for throwing away. Each year in late December and early January a massive amount of plastic packaging is discarded worldwide. In Britain alone households generate 30% more waste, an extra 3m tonnes, in the month over Christmas. Most is destined for landfill. Sweden will do less damage than many, though. The country now recycles at a record level. Almost three-quarters (74%) of plastic packaging waste was recycled there in 2021, the highest proportion in Europe.
Much of Sweden’s success is due to a deposit refund scheme. Customers pay ?0.10 extra when buying drinks containers. After use, these can be fed into reverse vending machines installed in shops, which spit the deposit back out. The machines’ contents are sent directly to recycling centres. By the end of 2021, 92% of all bottles and cans sold in Sweden were being returned. The overall plastic packaging recycling rate increased by almost 20%.
The Swedish government says the scheme has aroused a potential enthusiasm for recycling in its citizens. Nearly 90% of Swedes have used the machines at least once. However, Swedes do not generally describe themselves as eco-fighters. A 2021 survey by the European Commission found they were less likely than most other Europeans to regard environmental issues as “very important”.
The eagerness of Swedish recyclers may stem not from a love of the Earth but from a low net worth. A tenth of the population get by on less than ?245 a month. In big cities it is common to see people scooping recyclable items out of bins to take to the machines.
Less litter and money for people who need it seems like a win-win. But it might not in fact be best for the environment in the long run. In Germany—where a similar, widely used refund deposit scheme has been in place since 2003—the earnings from keeping the deposits from unreturned bottles seem to have discouraged producers from switching to more sustainable packaging.
8．What might most Swedish customers do under the deposit refund scheme
A．They send their drinks containers directly to recycling centres.
B．They spend more on drinks than other European customers.
C．They return their used drinks containers.
D．They use vending machines to buy drinks.
9．What did the 2021 survey find out
A．Sweden beat many countries in plastic recycling.
B．Swedes had low environmental awareness.
C．Swedes made much money from recycling.
D．Sweden had an unequal income distribution.
10．What is the author’s attitude to the deposit refund scheme
A．Positive. B．Uninterested. C．Ambiguous. D．Unfavourable.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Why Swedes cash in on their trash.
B．How waste turns into treasure in Sweden.
C．Who are recycling plastic bottles in Sweden.
D．Where Swedes throw away their plastic packaging.
D
（2023·河北保定·统考一模）
The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.
Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organism’s life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). For the Geneticists, they believe that our lives are entirely determined by genetics, which is nature. An opposing view is that there is no indication that genes (基因) determines one’s personality, rather there is growing evidence that nurture serves as the determining factor in personality development.
Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.
The argument of nature and nurture as to which is more important is necessitated by an attempt to differentiate how much effect genetics has on a person’s development against how easily humans are influenced by one’s environment.
While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one’s personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance. Even without nurture, the nature impact can still stand independently without necessarily causing destruction. More so, even when the nurture impact is successfully effected, it does not remove the genetic characteristics of a person. It therefore stands correctly that nature is that which determines the substance of a person.
12．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Nature’s role is supported by additional evidence.
B．Personality development is determined by nurture.
C．Nature impacts gene expression in later generation.
D．Environment shapes personality more than genetics.
13．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．What nurture means to human beings.
B．How living things develop after birth.
C．How nurture shapes human development.
D．How surroundings influence human beings.
14．How does the author stress the greater importance of nature
A．By giving examples.
B．By making contrast.
C．By conducting experiments.
D．By citing research data.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．A Long Story of Nature and Nurture
B．A New Research on Nature and Nurture
C．Who Can Tell What Makes Who We Are
D．Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·山东·曲阜师大附中高三试题）
Swimming is an excellent form of exercise for beginners because it is gentle on the body. It does not shake your bones or damage your joints, but swimming is still effective for weight loss. Swimming improves your cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness and flexibility. 16 .
If you do not know how to swim, adult lessons are often available at gyms. 17 . You can learn how to more effectively work out in the pool with just a few lessons. Swimming styles include freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke and butterfly.
18 . It is important that you stick to the posted guidelines, which are meant to keep the swimming pools running properly. There are different rules for different pools. But the majority request that you shower before you enter the pool. 19 .
You will find that there are also posted rules about using the lanes (泳道) of the pool. This simply means that the pool is divided up so multiple people can use it at the same time. At times, you may share a lane with one or more other swimmers. 20 . You need to stay in the appropriate lane. Find a lane in the pool where the other swimmers are similar to you. When several swimmers are using the same lane, all swimmers swim in a counterclockwise (逆时针方向的) direction.
A．It can help recover soon
B．Stay in the slow lane if you're new
C．Besides, the water helps strengthen your muscles
D．When this happens, think of it as driving on the highway
E．If using a pool at a gym, you need follow certain pool rules
F．This rule helps keep the pool water clean by removing body oils and sweat
G．Even if you learned to swim as a child, you may want to consider signing up for a class
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·河北·高三石家庄一中实验学校校联考期末）
When I first visited Mexico, I spoke Spanish well. So when I 1 an ice-cream in a shop, and the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I smiled and waited nearby, believing that its arrival was 2 .
Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he 3 again and his face was a mix of confusion and 4 .
I was 5 . Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but it was impolite to walk away if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. 6 , it really wasn’t my fault. As I left, I 7 at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller, leaving him in 8 confusion.
This experience 9 in my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a 10 in the language, but rather a fluency in the 11 . When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning 12 greatly with context. As a linguist 13 , “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a(n) 14 way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing a(n) 15 .
1．A．selected B．ordered C．picked D．bought
2．A．certain B．regular C．scheduled D．immediate
3．A．responded B．lied C．refused D．exclaimed
4．A．relief B．comfort C．panic D．embarrassment
5．A．torn B．ashamed C．doubtful D．sure
6．A．Hopefully B．Luckily C．Obviously D．Thankfully
7．A．stared B．signaled C．shouted D．aimed
8．A．total B．modest C．unexpected D．amazing
9．A．remained B．faded C．shone D．appeared
10．A．time B．history C．manners D．fluency
11．A．habit B．shopping C．culture D．time
12．A．varies B．grows C．extends D．stays
13．A．questions B．expects C．outlines D．illustrates
14．A．polite B．funny C．amazing D．popular
15．A．application B．design C．offer D．request
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·山东潍坊·统考素养能力测评）
In the China Pavilion at the sixth China International Import Expo in Shanghai, a piece of bamboo art resembling a Taihu Lake Stone was the center of attention. Perfectly 1 (combine) traditional craftwork with natural art, it demonstrated the beauty of the stone 2 which it was modeled. It was the work of Qian Lihuai, an inheritor of traditional bamboo weaving techniques.
“Bamboo weaving lacks documented records; the skills have always been passed down orally. I spent 3 considerable period interviewing seasoned craftsmen 4 carefully gathering records of weaving techniques,” Qian explains.
After understanding the foundational logic of bamboo weaving and the patterns, Qian began to add artistic 5 (touch) to his bamboo weaving.
“My artistic innovation centers around 6 weaving can convey the nature of the world. For instance, we employ a 7 (diversity) range of colors to strengthen its expressive potential, filling bamboo weaving with a convincing language,” Qian adds.
Additionally, there is a dynamic connection and dialogue with other materials. “ 8 (bamboo) unique combination of rigidity and flexibility, distinct from many other materials like metals or textiles, 9 (position) it in a proper zone. I believe it can be used as an excellent adhesive (粘合剂) with other materials,” Qian explains.
He has also taught his bamboo weaving techniques at Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, and says previously the course 10 (design) to encourage open-minded thinking, exploring the ways to integrate bamboo weaving expertise into different fields.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了墨西哥一座城市的几个旅游项目。 1．细节理解题。根据第一部分倒数第二句“Watch the lively performance of ancient ceremonies and be lost in historical stories about Jalisco.”可知，在这段乘船旅程中，人们可以欣赏到有关Jalisco的历史故事，也就是能了解到其历史。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一句“Wheelchair accessibility is available.”可知，这一旅程中是可以使用轮椅的，而其他项目中都明确说明了不能使用轮椅（第一部分指出要上下楼梯也不行）。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三部分“The use of kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddleboards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admission to Kids Adventure Park for the young ones.”可知，该项目也给孩子提供相应的游玩地点，比较适合父母带孩子一起参加。故选A项。
【答案】4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以一个小故事引出话题——人生不在于完美, 而在于完整。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段There is wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and does not feel like a failure for doing so.（人生的完整性在于一个人知道如何面对他的缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃那些不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾）可知一个人接受他或她的缺陷，可能是“完整”的例子。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段Life is more like a baseball season, when even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. （人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉三分之一的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的时候。我们的目标是赢的比赛比输的多）可知棒球赛季和生活的相似之处在于你有输有赢。故选D。 6．推理判断题。第二段内容(人生“完美”的人)和第三段内容(人生完整的人)作对比; 最后一段又拿baseball season和life作比较, 因此作者主要是通过作对比和作比较的方法来澄清他的观点的。故选A。 7．主旨大意题。本文作者通过圆和楔子的小故事感悟出这样的道理:从某种奇怪的意义上讲,当我们失去某些东西的时候,我们反而会更加完整,人生不在于完美而在于完整。因此不管是从故事内容还是从其诠释的人生哲理上，B项“完整的生命”作标题是最佳的。故选B。
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是瑞典通过押金退还政策，成为欧洲塑料包装回收再利用比例最高的国家，但是这一政策可能阻碍了生产商转向可持续的包装。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Customers pay ?0.10 extra when buying drinks containers. After use, these can be fed into reverse vending machines installed in shops, which spit the deposit back out.(客户在购买饮料容器时额外支付 0.10 欧元。使用后，这些可以送入安装在商店中的反向自动售货机，这些自动售货机将押金吐出。)”可知，顾客在消费完产品后，将包装退还，售货机就会退回之前交的押金，所以瑞典人在押金退还计划下会将包装退回。故选C项。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A 2021 survey by the European Commission found they were less likely than most other Europeans to regard environmental issues as “very important”.(欧盟委员会 2021 年的一项调查发现，与大多数其他欧洲人相比，他们不太可能将环境问题视为“非常重要”。)”可知，瑞典人相比其他欧洲人认为环境问题很重要的可能性不大，由此可知，研究发现瑞典人有较低的环保意识。故选B项。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Less litter and money for people who need it seems like a win-win. But it might not in fact be best for the environment in the long run.(为需要它的人减少垃圾和金钱似乎是双赢的。但从长远来看，这实际上可能不是对环境最好的。)”可知，作者认为，从长远看来，这种押金退还政策对环保不是最好的，由此可知，作者对此政策的态度不是很支持。故选D项。 11．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The Swedish government says the scheme has aroused a potential enthusiasm for recycling in its citizens.(瑞典政府表示，该计划激起了公民对回收的潜在热情。)”可知，该计划激起了公民捡拾废品热情，但是第四段中的“The eagerness of Swedish recyclers may stem not from a love of the Earth but from a low net worth.(瑞典回收商的热情可能不是源于对地球的热爱，而是源于其较低的净资产。)”表明，瑞典的回收商不是看中对环境保护的作用，而是源于其低净资产，所以很多人都热衷于捡瓶子换钱，综上信息可知，瑞典人之所以捡拾垃圾，而且回收利用率在整个欧洲中最高，不是看在对环境保护的重要作用上，而是通过捡拾垃圾可以增加收入，所以全文的题目应该为：为什么瑞典人在垃圾中获利。故选A项。
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。文章论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organism’s life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). (在有机体的一生中，先天为有机体提供了与滋养、环境相互作用的起点。先天不仅会影响一个生物体的一生，还会直接影响其后代的基因表达)”可知，先天影响后代的基因表达。故选C。 13．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.(后天指的是生物出生后生长发育的条件。当应用于人类时，它指的是一个人是如何成长的，包括营养、教育、照顾，以及环境的类型，如文化影响、家庭和朋友)”可知，第三段主要讨论了后天对人类意味着什么。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one’s personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance.(不可否认，后天培养在一个人的个性成长和发展中起着一定的作用，但先天的作用远远超过后天培养，因为先天可以被比作基础。后天对人的发展的影响是不能完全否认的。然而，先天被认为是最重要的，因为它提供了一个机会，创造了一个基础，为后天问题的出现提供了基础)”可推知，作者通过对比强调了先天的重要性。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.(先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。争论的核心问题是，究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们)”及下文论述可知，文章主要论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。由此可知，Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture (先天和后天，哪个更重要？)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】16．C 17．G 18．E 19．F 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍游泳对于人的身体健康来说是有益的，但游泳时也应该遵循一些规则。 16．根据上文“Swimming improves your cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness and flexibility（游泳可以改善你的心血管健康和灵活度）”可知，此处阐述的是游泳的好处。C项“此外，水有助于增强肌肉”符合语境，其中Besides表明上下文的递进关系。故选C项。 17．上文“If you do not know how to swim, adult lessons are often available at gyms.（如果你不知道如何游泳，健身房通常提供成人课程）”讲不会游泳可以去健身房报名学习，G项“Even if you learned to swim as a child, you may want to consider signing up for a class（即使你从小就学会了游泳，你也可以考虑报名参加游泳班）”讲即使会游泳，也可以报名参加游泳班，与上文构成递进关系，且下文“You can learn how to more effectively work out in the pool with just a few lessons.（你只需几节课即可学习如何更有效地在游泳池中锻炼）”中“more effectively work out”与G项中“if you learned to swim as a child”相照应,，说明会游泳还要参加游泳班的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 18．E项“If using a pool at a gym, you need follow certain pool rules（如果在健身房使用游泳池，你需要遵守一些游泳池规则）”讲在健身房使用游泳池要遵守规则，下文“It is important that you stick to the posted guidelines, which are meant to keep the swimming pools running properly.（重要的是要遵守发布的指南，这些指南旨在保持游泳池正常运行）”承接上文，说明遵守规则的意义，E项中“rules”与下文“guidelines”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 19．上文“But the majority request that you shower before you enter the pool.（但大多数人要求你在进入游泳池之前淋浴）”讲虽然不同的游泳池有不同的规则，但大多数要求进入游泳池前淋浴，F项“This rule helps keep the pool water clean by removing body oils and sweat（这条规则可以去除身体的油脂和汗水，帮助保持泳池水的清洁）”承接上文，说明进入游泳池前淋浴的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 20．根据上文“At times, you may share a lane with one or more other swimmers.（有时，你可能会与一个或多个其他游泳者共享泳道）”以及下文“You need to stay in the appropriate lane.（你需要留在合适的泳道上）”可知，上下文间缺少过渡句，D项“When this happens, think of it as driving on the highway（当这种情况发生时，把它想象成在高速公路上开车）”承上启下，说明了要留在合适的泳道上的原因，且句中“this”指代的是上文“共享泳道”这一情况。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者在西班牙时，因对西班牙语的理解不同而造成误解的经历。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我在一家商店点冰淇淋时，当地的小贩说“ahorita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我微笑着在旁边等着，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. selected挑选；B. ordered点餐；C. picked捡；D. bought买。根据下文中的“and the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,””可知，卖家说“马上”，由此可推测，此处应是作者“点”了一份冰淇淋。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我在一家商店点冰淇淋时，当地的小贩说“ahorita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我微笑着在旁边等着，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. certain确定的；B. regular定期的；C. scheduled按计划的；D. immediate立即的，马上。根据上文中的“the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,””可知，作者理解的意思是“马上”就好，所以作者在微笑着等待着，认为冰淇淋“马上”就到。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“ahorita，”他又回答了一遍，脸上混杂着困惑和尴尬。A. responded回答；B. lied说谎；C. refused拒绝；D. exclaimed大喊。根据上文中的“so I asked again about it.”可知，作者再次询问时，卖家应是再次使用“ahorita”来“回答”作者的问话。故选A项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“ahorita，”他又回答了一遍，脸上混杂着困惑和尴尬。A. relief欣慰；B. comfort安慰；C. panic惊恐；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据语境和上文中的“his face was a mix of confusion”可知，此处与“困惑”并列，结合语境，半小时过去了，作者再次询问冰淇淋的时候，在回答“ahorita”的同时，脸上应是混杂着困惑与“尴尬”符合语境。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很纠结。A. torn纠结的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. sure确信的。根据下文中的“Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but it was impolite to walk away if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me.”可知，作者觉得再等下去是不愉快的事情，不等显得有些不礼貌，由此可知，作者很“纠结”。故选A项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，这真的不是我的错。A. Hopefully满怀希望地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Obviously显而易见地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据上文中的“But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home.”可知，最后，作者等了太久了，冲向了自己回家最近的公交车，这不是他的错，由此可知，此处作者指的是“显而易见”不是他的错。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我向卖冰淇淋的人做了个手势，耸了耸肩，让他完全困惑。A. stared凝视；B. signaled示意；C. shouted大喊；D. aimed旨在。根据下文中的“at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller”可知，作者对着卖家耸了耸肩，由此可推断，此处指的是作者用肢体语言卖家交流，所以此处应是用手势“示意”卖家，符合语境。故选B项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我向卖冰淇淋的人做了个手势，耸了耸肩，让他完全困惑。A. total完全的；B. modest谦虚的；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. amazing惊奇的。根据上文中的“and his face was a mix of confusion and ____4____ .”可知，作者在这之前问过一次冰淇淋的事情，此处有使用肢体语言向卖家做了个手势，由此可推断，此时的卖家应该是“完全”困惑，符合语境。故选A项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历在我的记忆中逐渐淡去，直到多年后我回到墨西哥生活。A. remained仍然；B. faded逐渐消失；C. shone闪光；D. appeared出现。根据常识和下文中的“until years later when I came back to live in Mexico.”可知，经过多少年后，这段经历应该是“逐渐消失”符合语境。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要流利的语言，而是需要流利的文化。A. time时间；B. history历史；C. manners礼貌；D. fluency流利。根据语境和下文中的“but rather a fluency in the ____11____ .”可知，上下文为并列关系，此处指的是作者发现理解“ahorita”不需要语言的“流利”，此处为词汇复现。故选D项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要流利的语言，而是需要流利的文化。A. habit习惯；B. shopping购物；C. culture文化；D. time时期。根据常识和上文中的“I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a ____10____ in the language”可知，作者发现理解“ahorita”不需要语言的“流利”，结合but可知，此空与上文内容对应，“语言”对应的是“文化”，结合下文中的“When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning ____12____ greatly with context.”可知， 当地人在说“ahorita”时，绝不是照字面意思理解，而是通过语境理解，所以这是一种语言“文化”的影响让作者产生了误解。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当墨西哥人说“ahorita”时，几乎不应该从字面上理解；它的意思因上下文而异。A. varies改变；B. grows成长；C. extends延伸；D. stays逗留。根据下文中的“greatly with context.”可知，“ahorita”的意思会随着语境不同而不断地“改变”符合语境。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如一位语言学家所解释的那样，“Ahorita可能意味着明天、一小时后、五年内或永远不会。”A. questions问询；B. expects期望；C. outlines概述；D. illustrates说明，阐述。根据下文中的“Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.”可知，“ahorita”的意思可能是明天，一个小时，五年内甚至是永远都不会，由此可知，此处是语言学家做出的“解释”符合语境。故选D项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在拒绝别人的好意时，它甚至被用来礼貌地说“不，谢谢”。A. polite礼貌的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. amazing惊奇的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据语境和下文中的“saying “no, thanks” when refusing a(n) ____15____ .”可知，此处指的是在拒绝别人时说“不，谢谢”，由此可知，此处指的是“ahorita”甚至可以用来表达拒绝别人时的一种“礼貌的”方式。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拒绝别人的提议时，它甚至被用来礼貌地说“不，谢谢”。A. application申请；B. design设计；C. offer提议；D. request请求。根据常识和上文中的“It is even used as a(n) ____14____ way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing…”可知，“ahorita”甚至可以用来表达拒绝别人时的一种礼貌用语，由此可知，你可以使用“ahorita”这种礼貌的方式去拒绝别人的“建议”，refuse an offer意为“拒绝好意”符合语境。故选C项。
【答案】1．combining 2．after 3．a 4．and 5．touches 6．how 7．diverse 8．Bamboo’s 9．positions/will position 10．was designed 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了竹制艺术品，它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起。介绍了这一项技术的传承和发展。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起，展示了被模仿的石头之美。分析句子结构可知combine与逻辑主语it构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填combining。 2．考查介词。句意：它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起，展示了被模仿的石头之美。根据短语model after表示“模仿……”可知应用介词after，构成介词+关系代词结构定语从句。故填after。 3．考查冠词。句意：“我花了相当长的时间采访经验丰富的工匠，仔细收集编织技术的记录，”钱解释说。period此处为泛指，且considerable是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 4．考查连词。句意：“我花了相当长的时间采访经验丰富的工匠，仔细收集编织技术的记录，”钱解释说。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 5．考查名词的数。句意：在了解了竹编的基本逻辑和图案之后，钱开始为他的竹编增添艺术色彩。touch此处为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填touches。 6．考查宾语从句。句意：我的艺术创新围绕着编织如何传达世界的本质。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how。故填how。 7．考查形容词。句意：例如，我们使用各种各样的颜色来增强其表现力，使竹编充满令人信服的语言。修饰range应用形容词diverse，故填diverse。 8．考查名词所有格。句意：与金属或纺织品等其他材料不同，竹子具有独特的刚性和灵活性，可以将其放置在适当的区域。此处Bamboo与后文combination构成所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填Bamboo’s。 9．考查时态。句意：与金属或纺织品等其他材料不同，竹子具有独特的刚性和灵活性，可以将其放置在适当的区域。此处作谓语，可用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语为combination，谓语用三单形式。故填positions/will position。 10．考查时态语态。句意：他还在浙江科技大学教授竹编技术，他说之前的课程旨在鼓励开放的思维，探索将竹编专业知识融入不同领域的方法。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文previously可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the course，谓语用单数。故填was designed。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【23】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·河北·校考阶段）
Based on 2023’s new book releases, we have a feeling that we’ll be reading all year long. Below, we re highlighting just a few of the new books coming out in 2023 that you may want to check out.
The People Who Report More Stress
By Alejandro Valero
$24.18
Alejandro’s first novel The Town of Babylon came out in 2022, and this forthcoming short story collection, full of memorable personalities, explores similar themes: community, relationships, modern incredible life, racism and parenthood.
When Trying to Return Home
By Jennifer Maritza McCauley
$25.11
Spanning (跨越) between Puerto Rico, Pittsburgh, Louisiana and Miami, this short story collection explores the complexities of belonging and the true meaning of home. Each individual story and the themes mentioned are written through the Black American and Afro-Latino experiences.
The Last Tale of the Flower Bride
By Roshani Chokshi
$43.70
Roshani Chokshi’s first surprising novel for adults is a fairy tale-filled story about marriage and the secrets couples keep from each other. That, and an enchanted (施过魔法的) house off the coast of Washington and hotel fortune.
I Have Some Questions for You
By Rebecca Makkai
$27.90
Imagine if your life was the stuff of a true crime documentary. Bodie Kane has tried to move on past the 1995 murder of her boarding school roommate. When she returns to the boarding school as an adult, Bodie realizes there are still mysteries about how the case was wrapped up and justice was served.
1．What do we know about The People Who Report More Stress
A．It’s the second expensive of the four.
B．It’s Alejandro Valero’s first novel.
C．It consists of some short stories.
D．It deals with several different themes.
2．What is special about When Trying to Return Home
A．It explores community, relationships and so on.
B．It tells the true meaning of home by experiences.
C．It tells an enchanted house off the coast of Washington.
D．It describes how a Black American returns to his home.
3．Which of the following books best suits a detective story lover
A．The People Who Report More Stress
B．When Trying to Return Home
C．The Last Tale of the Flower Bride
D．I Have Some Questions for You
B
（2023·浙江··统考一模）
Live with roommates Have friends and family around you Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph
A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing.
C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision.
5. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars
A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it.
C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it.
6. What can we infer about the author
A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy.
C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. How to get on well with other family members.
B. How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D. How to control the budget when buying groceries.
C
（2023·云南昆明·校考阶段）
“It is necessary for us to go to places that still look like the ocean as it was 500 years ago,” says Enric Sala, former professor at Scripps Institute of Oceanography. However, in most parts of the world, marine conservation is stymied by opposition from fishing, oil, and mining interests. A mere 7 percent of the world’s ocean has protection—mostly weak rules, and only 2.5 percent is highly protected. Outside of these zones, the ocean’s story is a continuing failure.
A few remaining parts of the ocean are the last wild places of the sea—the marine equivalent of the remotest old-growth forest in the Amazon—still unaffected by overfishing, pollution and climate change. Enric is working with the National Geographic Society and together launched the Pristine Seas project in 2008. Over the past 14 years, Pristine Seas has helped create 28 marine reserves, making up two-thirds of the world’s fully protected marine areas—covering more than two million square miles in all.
Now Sala and his team have set an even more ambitious goal: to see more than a third of the world’s ocean conserved for the purpose not just of sustaining biodiversity but also of replenishing(补充)fish stocks and storing carbon.
Pristine Seas worked with native Palauans(帕劳人)to give an ancient conservation tradition a modern change. For centuries, Palauans have used what they all “buls”, a Palauan word which means closure, to preserve and rebuild their reef fish stocks. Over the years they have created 35 reserves to protect marine life around their islands, some of which ban fishing permanently.
Sala and his team calculate that a 14-fold expansion of the fully protected part of the ocean, from 2.5 percent to 35 percent, would provide 64 percent of the biodiversity benefits while increasing the global fish catch by almost 10 million metric tons. Even that may sound impossible, but the alternative is awful. For now, we still get to choose.
8．What does the underlined word “stymied” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Frustrated. B．Supported.
C．Accelerated. D．Overestimated.
9．What situation does global ocean protection face
A．Protecting the ocean influences mining most.
B．Ocean protection has achieved great progress.
C．Few oceans have been properly protected so far.
D．Current rules have been enough for ocean protection.
10．What can we learn about the Pristine Seas project
A．It has protected two-thirds of the world’s ocean.
B．It sets unrealistic goals when protecting the ocean.
C．It asks to prohibit fishing in the 35 created reserves.
D．It has made some advances in maintaining biodiversity.
11．Where can we probably read this article
A．www..
B．www..
C．www..
D．www.eco-conservation.com.
D
（2024·四川绵阳·联考期末）
Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. An unwritten rule encouraging silence, mixed with classic British reserve, means that even though you’re packed into enclosed space wit hundreds of other people, the morning trip can leave you feeling somewhat lonely.
One London resident, however, is trying to change this. “You get on the Tube here and it’s completely silent and it’s strange,” says Jonathan Dunne, an American living in London, who has started a campaign of giving out badges (徽章) with the slogan “Tube Chat ” last month, encouraging travelers in London to get talking to one another.
Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive responses, there are always exceptions.
Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own, handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them. “ I can’t stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on my way to work,” he said.
Michael Robinson, a student from London, agrees. “Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you,” he says.
“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t, but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to,” Dunne says.So if you ever end up using public transport in London, why not say hello to the person next to you Just make sure to check for a badge first.
12．Which partly leads to the silence on the Tube in London
A．The government’s rule. B．People’s desire for quiet.
C．British people’s personality. D．Awareness of personal privacy.
13．What can the badge with “Tube Chat ” be seen as
A．A request for keeping silent. B．A special way of greeting someone.
C．A signal of avoiding being disturbed. D．An encouragement to start a conversation.
14．Why does the author mention Brian and Micheal
A．To stress the importance of communication.
B．To show not everyone agrees with Dunne’s idea.
C．To prove Londoners are speechless on the Tube.
D．To state the disadvantages of chatting with strangers.
15．What’s the best tile for the passage
A．Silence on the Tube!
B．Tube Chat or Not
C．Lonely Travel in the London Tube
D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·江苏·统考模拟预测）
Whether it is the flu or any of the other cold-like viruses rising in winter, it seems that stuffy noses and sore throats are common symptoms. You may have noticed, however, that your cold seems to get better or worse depending on the time of day. 16 Then, they partially clear up throughout the day, only to get worse once more as you get to bed. Why does this happen
Currently, the leading idea is that symptom severity is linked to our circadian rhythm (昼夜节律). The circadian rhythm is very important for daily cellular processes and can be affected by the amount of sleep and light we get each day. 17
While resting, the body uses the downtime to recover. 18 This also applies when you are ill—the body floods the blood with white blood cells called leukocytes, resulting in and immune response against diseases and the immune system fighting infection.
This, therefore, explains why our cold symptoms get worse as we settle down for a night’s sleep. Cells infected by viruses are attracted to the local area and killed, causing soreness in the affected tissues, and mucus (鼻涕) floods the nose to join the fight. 19 You wake up feeling like death due to the battle happening within.
20 The first is simply gravity. When you lie down, your mucus builds up in the nose, causing pressure and headaches. As you stand up, you start to feel better. Another factor is about hormones. Hormonal imbalances can be caused by lack of sleep at night and could influence immune function, leading to a cycle of sleepless nights and then feeling worse.
A．Others are reporting the same thing.
B．It’s a good thing, but it really doesn’t feel like it.
C．Gravity helps out a lot more when you are upright.
D．Most commonly, you wake up with worse symptoms.
E．There are other reasons why you might feel worse at night.
F．This is why sleep is so important after you’ve been to the gym.
G．It also plays a critical role in controlling the heart and the immune system.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·重庆·统考一模）
My first goal: try not to look so scared. It took quite a few tries before I could 1 from the mouth open, eyes wide 2 that being on roller skates gave me.
I took up roller skating at the end of 2021, as a way to 3 a difficult year spent in my house. In online skate class, they 4 me to wear protective equipment, to cheer and 5 when someone falls. Falling means you’re trying, and everyone 6 in skating, but having a positive 7 helps.
I learned how to move on wheels and danced alone at home, but the rink (滑冰场) was incredibly 8 . Everything moves so fast, 9 in unpredictable directions. What 10 me about the rink is how people create their own sense of 11 inside the circular movement, so that two awkward dancers might 12 past each other to avoid knocking into each other, all while on rhythm.
Now I’ve made much progress. The other day I skated past an older woman moving 13 in her knee pads (护膝). “My goal is to skate like you,” she said, almost under her breath. I tried 14 my ride. Kee a it! I yelled over my shoulder. Soon, I tripped, fell, quickly 15 myself up, and then kept at it.
1．A．relax B．learn C．wake D．suffer
2．A．situation B．position C．expression D．gesture
3．A．jump at B．reflect on C．answer for D．struggle through
4．A．allowed B．taught C．persuaded D．forced
5．A．wave B．shake C．clap D．scream
6．A．falls B．shines C．fails D．engages
7．A．contribution B．approach C．effect D．attitude
8．A．amusing B．satisfying C．frightening D．puzzling
9．A．circling B．bending C．rolling D．glancing
10．A．inspires B．amazes C．annoys D．confuses
11．A．belonging B．space C．trust D．identity
12．A．slip B．walk C．march D．jump
13．A．seriously B．hopelessly C．cautiously D．joyfully
14．A．show B．save C．maintain D．contain
15．A．cheered B．picked C．held D．sped
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·江西·九校联考二模）
Using needles to help life’s energy flow
For thousands of years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease through acupuncture (针灸). 1 (evolve) from the discovery that using stone needles to prick specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, acupuncture has become 2 integral part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature.
According to Records of the Grand Historian, 3 (write) by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled 4 (physical) during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint on the head of the unconscious man.
According to TCM (中医), there are a dozen meridians (经脉) in the human body, 5 the qi, or life energy, circulates to nourish the organs. Cold, infections or diseases can result in blocking of the energy, and so stimulating the acupoints can unblock stagnant (不流动的) qi, restore normal circulation and improve health. Today, acupuncture is still 6 (wide) used in China.
In 2010, UNESCO inscribed acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical, 7 a medical technique widely used and researched today.
For years, 8 the clear therapeutic effects of acupuncture in treating many diseases, there were few convincing studies that explained how acupoint stimulation worked, or what meridians were anatomically speaking, so the technique always seemed somewhat 9 (mystery).
However, as scientific research of acupuncture 10 (grow) in recent years, producing good quality results, the technique is gaining traction around the world.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年发行的四本书。 1．细节理解题。根据The People Who Report More Stress部分的“Alejandro’s first novel The Town of Babylon came out in 2022,and this forthcoming short story collection (亚历杭德罗的第一部小说《巴比伦城》于2022年出版，这本即将出版的短篇故事集)”可知，这本书是短篇故事集。故选C。 2．细节理解题。从When Trying to Return Home部分中的“this short story collection explores the complexities of belonging and the true meaning of home. Each individual story and the themes mentioned are written through the Black American and Afro-Latino experiences. (这本短篇小说集探讨了归属的复杂性和家的真正意义。每个人的故事和提到的主题都是通过美国黑人和非裔拉丁美洲人的经历写成的)”可知，此书通过主人公的经历告诉我们家的意义。故选B。 3．细节理解题。从最后一段“Bodie Kane has tried to move on past the 1995 murder of her boarding school roommate. When she returns to the boarding school as an adult, Bodie realizes there are still mysteries about how the case was wrapped up and justice was served. (博迪·凯恩试图忘掉1995年她寄宿学校室友被谋杀的事。当她成年后回到寄宿学校时，博迪意识到案件是如何结束的，正义是如何得到伸张的，这仍然是一个谜)”可知，I Have Some Questions for You是一本侦探小说，适合侦探故事爱好者。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。 4. 词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。 5. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。 6. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。 7. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．D 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个旨在保护世界海洋的项目——原始海洋。 8. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句句首的“however”可知，所在句和上一句有转折关系。上一句““It is necessary for us to go to places that still look like the ocean as it was 500 years ago,” says Enric Sala, former professor at Scripps Institute of Oceanography.(斯克里普斯海洋学研究所前教授Enric Sala说：“我们有必要去那些看起来像500年前海洋的地方。”)”指的是Enric教授认为我们应该去那些看起来像500年前海洋的地方。而所在句下一句“A mere 7 percent of the world’s ocean has protection—mostly weak rules, and only 2.5 percent is highly protected.(世界上只有7%的海洋受到保护，而且大多是薄弱的法规，只有2.5%的海洋受到高度保护。)”则告诉我们世界上受到保护的海洋很少。由此可推断，划线单词指的是海洋保护遭到渔业、石油和采矿利益集团的“反对或抵制”。选项A“Frustrated(挫败)”；选项B“Supported(支持)”；选项C“Accelerated (加速)”；选项D“Overestimated (过高估计)”。故选A。 9. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A mere 7 percent of the world’s ocean has protection—mostly weak rules, and only 2.5 percent is highly protected. Outside of these zones, the ocean’s story is a continuing failure.(世界上只有7%的海洋受到保护，而且大多是薄弱的法规，只有2.5%的海洋受到高度保护。在这些区域之外，海洋的故事是一个持续的失败。)”可知，目前只有很少的海洋得到了保护。故选C。 10. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Enric is working with the National Geographic Society and together launched the Pristine Seas project in 2008. Over the past 14 years, Pristine Seas has helped create 28 marine reserves, making up two-thirds of the world’s fully protected marine areas—covering more than two million square miles in all.( Enric正与国家地理学会合作，并于2008年共同启动了“原始海洋”项目。在过去的14年里，“原始海洋”帮助建立了28个海洋保护区，占世界完全受保护海洋区域的三分之二，总面积超过200万平方英里。)”以及文章第三段“Now Sala and his team have set an even more ambitious goal: to see more than a third of the world’s ocean conserved for the purpose not just of sustaining biodiversity but also of replenishing(补充)fish stocks and storing carbon.(现在，Sala和他的团队制定了一个更加雄心勃勃的目标：保护世界上三分之一以上的海洋，不仅是为了维持生物多样性，也是为了补充鱼类资源和储存碳。)”可知，“原始海洋”在维持生物多样性方面取得了一些进展。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Enric is working with the National Geographic Society and together launched the Pristine Seas project in 2008. Over the past 14 years, Pristine Seas has helped create 28 marine reserves, making up two-thirds of the world’s fully protected marine areas—covering more than two million square miles in all.( Enric正与国家地理学会合作，并于2008年共同启动了“原始海洋”项目。在过去的14年里，“原始海洋”帮助建立了28个海洋保护区，占世界完全受保护海洋区域的三分之二，总面积超过200万平方英里。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍的是关于保护海洋，维持生物多样性等生态保护方面的内容，所以读者可以在与生态保护有关的www. eco-conservation. com.网站读到本文。故选D。
【答案】12．C 13．D 14．B 15．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章首先指出了伦敦地铁上因为人们相互间并不交流而显得安静、孤独，因此一个本地人Jonathan Dunne提出一项倡导在地铁上聊天的运动，此举受到人们积极的回应，但也有人提出反对。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“An unwritten rule encouraging silence, mixed with classic British reserve, means that even though you’re packed into enclosed space wit hundreds of other people, the morning trip can leave you feeling somewhat lonely.”（英国有一条不成文的规定，鼓励人们保持沉默，并带有典型的英式矜持。这意味着，即使你和成百上千的人挤在一个封闭的空间里，早晨的旅行也会让你感到有些孤独）可知，地铁上气氛沉闷的原因，是与英国人内向、寡言少语的性格有关。故选C项。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“who has started a campaign of giving out badges with the slogan"Tube Chat"last month, encouraging travelers in London to get talking to one another（上个月他开始了一项运动，发放带有“Tube Chat ”标语的徽章，以此鼓励伦敦的游人们与别人聊天）”可知，试图改变地铁上气氛沉闷这一现状的伦敦居民Dunne提出了倡议人们在地铁上主动发起聊天的运动，徽章上的标语“要在地铁上聊天吗？”就是鼓励游客们与他人聊天。故选D项。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive responses, there are always exceptions.”可知，尽管Dunne的倡议受到很多人的肯定，但也有反对的声音，紧接着就给出了Brian和Michael的反对意见，提到他们就是为了佐证这一点，与B选项“并不是每个人都同意Dunne的想法”说法一致。故选B项。 15．主旨大意题。总览全文可知，文章从伦敦地铁上人们寡言少语、缺乏交流的现象出发，围绕着是否应该改变这种现状给出了不同的看法、意见，B选项“地铁是否聊天”中包含话题中心词Tube chat一词，也表达出了议论的话题，适合作为标题。故选B项。
【答案】16．D 17．G 18．F 19．B 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析的是流感及类似感冒症状随着一天中的不同时间而好转或恶化的原因。 16．根据空前的“You may have noticed, however, that your cold seems to get better or worse depending on the time of day. (然而，你可能已经注意到，你的感冒似乎随着一天中的不同时间而好转或恶化。)”可知，感冒的症状在一天的不同时间而好转或恶化，结合空后的“Then, they partially clear up throughout the day, only to get worse once more as you get to bed. (然后，它们在一天中会部分消失，但在你上床睡觉时又会变得更糟。)”可知，此处讲述的是，在一天中症状部分消失，但到晚上情况又会变得更糟，由此可推断，此空处应描述的是感冒症状糟糕，D选项“Most commonly, you wake up with worse symptoms. (最常见的是，你醒来时症状更严重。)”讲述的内容是对空前内容的进一步分析，刚醒来时，感冒症状糟糕，与空后的症状部分消失衔接，其中的then为解题的关系信息。故选D项 17．根据空前的“The circadian rhythm is very important for daily cellular processes and can be affected by the amount of sleep and light we get each day. (昼夜节律对日常细胞过程非常重要，并且会受到我们每天睡眠和光照的影响。)”可知，此处讲述的是昼夜节律的对日常细胞的影响以及昼夜节律受到睡眠和光照的影响，G选项“It also plays a critical role in controlling the heart and the immune system. (它在控制心脏和免疫系统方面也起着关键作用。)”讲述的是它对控制心脏和免疫系统方面也起着重要的作用，其中的it指代空前的The circadian rhythm，且空前的“very important”与G选项中的“also plays a critical role in”相呼应。故选G项。 18．根据本段的主题句“While resting, the body uses the downtime to recover. (休息时，身体利用休息时间来恢复。)”可知，此处讲述的是休息对身体恢复的作用，结合空后的“This also applies when you are ill—the body floods the blood with white blood cells called leukocytes, resulting in and immune response against diseases and the immune system fighting infection. (这也适用于你生病的时候——身体会向血液中注入被称为白细胞的白细胞，从而产生对抗疾病和免疫系统对抗感染的免疫反应。)”可知，此处讲述的是适用于休息来恢复自己身体的情况，根据also可知，此空处讲述的内容与利用休息来恢复自己身体的情况相关，F选项“This is why sleep is so important after you’ve been to the gym. (这就是为什么在你去了健身房之后睡觉是如此重要。)”讲述的内容与休息相关，且与空后的内容吻合。故选F项。 19．根据空前的“Cells infected by viruses are attracted to the local area and killed, causing soreness in the affected tissues, and mucus (鼻涕) floods the nose to join the fight. (被病毒感染的细胞被吸引到局部区域并被杀死，导致受感染组织疼痛，粘液涌入鼻子加入战斗。)”可知，被感染的细胞被引导局部区域被杀死，粘液也会涌入鼻子加入战斗，杀死病毒应对身体是有好处的，结合空后的“You wake up feeling like death due to the battle happening within. (当你醒来时，由于体内的斗争，你感觉自己像死了一样。)”可知，人们醒来时确实感觉很糟糕，综上可知，此空处应是承上启下的作用，B选项“It’s a good thing, but it really doesn’t feel like it.(这是件好事，但我真的感觉不像。)”讲述的前半部分与空前内容吻合，后半部分与空后的内容吻合，起到了承上启下的过渡作用。故选B项。 20．分析语篇可知，此处应为该段的主题句，根据空后的“The first is simply gravity. When you lie down, your mucus builds up in the nose, causing pressure and headaches. As you stand up, you start to feel better. (首先是重力。当你躺下时，你的粘液在鼻子里积聚，造成压力和头痛。当你站起来的时候，你开始感觉好多了。)”和“Another factor is about hormones. (另一个因素是荷尔蒙。)”可知，该段应是分析了其它造成感觉不好的原因，E选项“There are other reasons why you might feel worse at night. (还有其它的原因会让你在晚上感觉更糟。)”讲述的是还有其它原因造成晚上感觉更糟，与本段内容一致，且可以作为主题句概括本段主题。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情后作者学习轮滑，重新找到自我， 树立信心的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试了好几次才从张大嘴巴、瞪大眼睛的表情中放松下来，这是穿旱冰鞋给我的感觉。A. relax放松；B. learn学习；C. wake醒来；D. suffer遭受。根据前文的“My first goal: try not to look so scared.”和后文“from the mouth open, eyes wide 2 that being on roller skates gave me.”可知，“我”的第一个目标是：尽量不要显得那么害怕，张大嘴巴、瞪大眼睛都是害怕的表现，所以试了好几次才从张大嘴巴、瞪大眼睛的表情中放松下来。故选A项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试了好几次才从张大嘴巴、瞪大眼睛的表情中放松下来，这是穿旱冰鞋给我的感觉。A. situation情况；B. position位置；C. expression表情；D. gesture手势。根据前文的“try not to look so scared”和“the mouth open, eyes wide”可知，这些都是紧张时的表情，故用expression与前文的look对应。故选C项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在2021年底开始玩轮滑，以此来度过我在家里度过的艰难一年。A. jump at跳跃，急于接受；B. reflect on反思；C. answer for为……付出代价；D. struggle through艰难地度过。根据后文的“a difficult year spent in my house”可知，“我”度过了艰难的一年。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在网上滑冰课上，他们教我戴上防护装备，当有人跌倒时欢呼和尖叫。A. allowed允许；B. taught教授；C. persuaded说服；D. forced强迫。根据前文的“In online skate class”和后文“me to wear protective equipment”可知，“我”在网上上滑冰课，他们教我戴上防护装备。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在网上滑冰课上，他们教我戴上防护装备，当有人跌倒时欢呼和尖叫。A. wave挥手；B. shake摇动；C. clap拍手；D. scream尖叫。根据后文的“Falling means you’re trying”可知，摔倒意味着你在努力，所以要为摔倒的人欢呼和尖叫。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：摔倒意味着你在努力，每个人在滑冰时都会摔倒，但保持积极的态度会有所帮助。A. falls跌倒；B. shines发光；C. fails失败；D. engages从事。根据前文的“everyone”和后文“in skating”可知，每个人在滑冰时都会摔倒。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：摔倒意味着你在努力，每个人在滑冰时都会摔倒，但保持积极的态度会有所帮助。A. contribution贡献；B. approach方法；C. effect效果；D. attitude态度。根据前文的“to cheer and 5 when someone falls”和“having a positive”可知，当有人摔倒时要欢呼和鼓掌，可以鼓励摔倒的人，大家保持积极的态度会有所帮助。故选D项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我学会了如何在轮子上移动，并在家里流畅地舞动，但是滑冰场令人难以置信地恐惧。A. amusing有趣的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. frightening令人恐惧的；D. puzzling令人费解的。根据后文的“Everything moves so fast, 9 in unpredictable directions.”可知，在滑冰场上，一切都移动得如此之快，在不可预测的方向上旋转，这让我感到恐惧。故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都移动得如此之快，在不可预测的方向上旋转。A. circling旋转；B. bending弯曲；C. rolling滚动；D. glancing 浏览。根据后文的“how people create their own sense of 11 inside the circular movement”可知，人们如何在圆形运动中创造自己的空间感，所以滑冰时人们在不可预测的方向上旋转。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：溜冰场最让我惊讶的是人们如何在圆形运动中创造自己的空间感，这样两个笨拙的舞者就可以在有节奏的情况下滑过对方，避免撞到对方。A. inspires激励；B. amazes使吃惊；C. annoys惹恼；D. confuses混淆。根据后文的“me about the rink is how people create their own sense of 11 inside the circular movement, so that two awkward dancers might 12 past each other to avoid knocking into each other, all while on rhythm.”可知，人们如何在圆形运动中创造自己的空间感，这样两个笨拙的舞者就可以在有节奏的情况下擦肩而过，避免撞到对方，这让人很惊讶。故选B项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：溜冰场最让我惊讶的是人们如何在圆形运动中创造自己的空间感，这样两个笨拙的舞者就可以在有节奏的情况下滑过对方，避免撞到对方。A. belonging财产；B. space空间；C. trust信任；D. identity身份。根据后文的“inside the circular movement, so that two awkward dancers might 12 past each other to avoid knocking into each other, all while on rhythm.”可知，在圆形运动中创造自己的空间感，这样才能够避免撞到对方。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：溜冰场最让我惊讶的是人们如何在圆形运动中创造自己的空间感，这样两个笨拙的舞者就可以在有节奏的情况下滑过对方，避免撞到对方。A. slip滑行；B. walk步行；C. march行进；D. jump跳。根据前文的“I learned how to move on wheels and danced alone at home, but the rink (滑冰场) was incredibly”和后文“past each other”可知，“我”在滑冰场，所以看到人们滑过对方，避免撞到对方。故选A项。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我滑过一位戴着护膝小心翼翼地移动着的老妇人。A. seriously严重地；B. hopelessly无可救药地；C. cautiously小心翼翼地；D. joyfully高兴地。根据前文的“an older woman moving”和后文“in her knee pads”可知，这是一位戴着护膝小心翼翼地移动着的老妇人。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着控制我的滑动。A. show展示；B. save保存；C. maintain维持；D. contain控制。根据前文的“my ride”可知，“我”为了不摔倒，试着控制我的滑动。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我绊倒了，摔倒了，很快地爬起来，然后坚持下去。A. cheered欢呼；B. picked采摘；C. held持有；D. sped加速。根据前文的“Soon, I tripped, fell”和后文“myself up”可知，“我”绊倒了，摔倒了，很快地爬起来。pick myself up“靠自己站起来，爬起来”。故选B项。
【答案】1．Evolving 2．an 3．written 4．physician 5．where 6．widely 7．but 8．despite 9．mysterious 10．has grown 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中医针灸，包括其历史起源、理念、原理以及近年来的发展等。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：针灸源于人们发现用石针刺入身体表面的特定穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状，已经成为中医不可分割的一部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的理念。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作状语，对acupuncture作补充说明，evolve和acupuncture逻辑上是主动关系，应用evolve的现在分词形式，且空处位于句首，evolving的首字母需大写。故填Evolving。 2．考查冠词。句意：针灸源于人们发现用石针刺入身体表面的特定穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状，已经成为中医不可分割的一部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的理念。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且integral的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷者头上的百会穴，使一位王子“死而复生”。分析句子可知，空处作Records of the Grand Historian的非限制性后置定语，是非谓语动词，write和Records of the Grand Historian逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，应用write的过去分词形式。故填written。 4．考查名词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷者头上的百会穴，使一位王子“死而复生”。分析句子可知，空处作句子的主语，结合“a highly skilled”可知，名词physician“医生”符合题意，需用单数形式。故填physician。 5．考查定语从句。句意：根据中医的说法，人体有十几个经络，在这些经络中，气或生命能量循环以滋养器官。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词meridians作补充说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 6．考查副词。句意：今天，针灸在中国仍被广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词used，wide的副词形式widely符合题意，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。 7．考查连词。句意：然而，这种做法不仅具有文化和历史意义，而且是今天广泛使用和研究的一种医疗技术。根据“not just”可推知，此处用固定句型not just…but…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 8．考查介词。句意：多年来，尽管针灸在治疗许多疾病方面有明显的疗效，但很少有令人信服的研究解释穴位刺激是如何起作用的，或者从解剖学上讲，什么是经络，所以这项技术总是显得有些神秘。此处提及针灸有一些明显的疗效，但缺少令人信服的研究，前后有让步关系，且空后为名词短语，因此用意为“尽管，即使”的介词despite。故填despite。 9．考查形容词。句意：多年来，尽管针灸在治疗许多疾病方面有明显的疗效，但很少有令人信服的研究解释穴位刺激是如何起作用的，或者从解剖学上讲，什么是经络，所以这项技术总是显得有些神秘。分析句子可知，空处作seemed的表语，mystery的形容词形式mysterious符合题意，意为“神秘的”。故填mysterious。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，随着近年来针灸科学研究的发展，产生了高质量的结果，这项技术在世界范围内得到了关注。分析句子可知，空处作as引导的从句的谓语，时间状语为in recent years，时态应用现在完成时，且主语research不可数，助动词用has。故填has grown。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【24】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·江苏南京·南京师大附中校考一模)
Special Food Places to Try In Singapore
It’s an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.
Vegan Burg
Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And that’s not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes.
Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737
Genesis Restaurant
This eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.
Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763
WellSmoocht Collective
WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoocht’s rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka.
Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628
Green Common
This one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice.
HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 098585
1. Who is the passage intended for
A. Those who want to lose weight. B. Those who don’t eat meat.
C. Those who can’t go without meat. D. Those who prefer home-made food.
2. What is Genesis Restaurant famous for
A. Chinese-friendly food. B. Plant-based burgers.
C. Plant-based ice-cream. D. Japanese seafood.
3. Where should you go if you have a sweet tooth
A. Woods Square Tower, #01-06. B. Havelock Road, #B1-01.
C. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03. D. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170.
B
（2023·湖北·高中名校联考三模）
“Are you OK, Cassie ” Jonah asked, from the doorway of the Sea Holly Cafe.
Cassie had been sitting on a chair outside for the past 10 minutes, but not really taking in the beauty of the sea.
“Oh, I should be getting back to work.” She rose hurriedly.
“We’re not busy, take your time.” Jonah came with a cappuccino for her. “Thanks.” She accepted the coffee, “Everything’s fine.” Then Jonah nodded, revealing a comforting smile, and went back inside.
He was a great boss, but Cassie didn’t feel like telling him what was wrong.
Cassie had gone to study fine art hopefully but dropped out after only a year due to the unbearable homesickness. Since then, she hadn’t touched her paints for a whole year. Today was doomed to be a sad date, the anniversary of her exciting plans turning to dust. She felt a crushing sense of disappointment. In her painting, she had captured a good likeness of the cloudy sky and the reflection of the dying light upon the water, but the picture did have a sad, dreary (沉闷的) quality.
About 20 minutes later, she was shocked by a voice at her shoulder, “That’s beautiful.”
Cassie turned, and there was a woman wearing a blue coat. The woman eyed it again. “You have talent, but there is much sadness in it, for one so young.” Cassie’s eyes were filled with tears. “My name’s Willow,” the woman said kindly, “Why not try painting the sunrise instead, my dear You might find it helps.”
With Willow’s words echoing in her brain, Cassie rose an hour earlier the next day, caught a bus to the beach and began to paint again.
When she finished, Jonah was just opening up. He picked the painting up and appreciated it at eye height. “Hey, this is good. It’s really —“For a moment he struggled for the word, then found it and turned to her, beaming, “Optimistic!”
In her picture the sun was powering into the sky, casting a clear, golden pathway across the sea.
4．Which of the following best explains “He was a great boss” underlined in paragraph 5
A．Jonah offered a coffee to Cassie.
B．Jonah ran a successful cafe business.
C．Jonah figured out what was wrong with Cassie.
D．Jonah was considerate of Cassie’s emotional upset.
5．What led to Cassie’s low spirits
A．That her paints were covered with dust.
B．That her homesickness was aroused again.
C．That her original plan was abandoned midway.
D．That her painting was full of a sorrowful and dull quality.
6．Why did Willow advise Cassie to paint the sunrise
A．It was more beautiful. B．It might cheer Cassie up.
C．It had artistic inspiration. D．It made a difference to Willow.
7．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Sun Always Rises B．Every Man Has Its Price
C．Strike While the Iron Is Hot D．A Good Medicine Tastes Bitter
C
（2023·山东德州·市第一中学校联考模拟预测）
While many animal populations seem to dwindle, one species that is moving in the opposite direction of such loss is America’s native wildlife — wood stork.
The wood stork is the only stork that breeds in North America. In 1984, it was declared an endangered species after its population decreased sharply to just 5,000 mating pairs. At the time, scientists predicted that the bird would become completely extinct by 2000. Today, it numbers 10,000 mating pairs, and the Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting of the wood stork as an endangered species. So how did the population bounce back
The success is in part down to the resourcefulness of the wood stork. The wood stork’s native home was in the Everglades in Florida, but it migrated north as the Everglades were being destroyed by development of mankind. Wetland preservation and restoration, protection of nesting areas, and management of water flows began with the approval of the wood stork’s first recovery plan in 1986. In the following year, former Savannah Coastal Refuges biologist John Robinette noticed stork nests in Georgia as stork populations moved to safer wetlands.
According to Stephanie Kurose, a senior policy specialist at the Centre for Biological Diversity, the Endangered Species Act is also to thank for this recovery. She said, “The act saved the wood stork and it helped preserve and rebuild vital habitats throughout the southeast, which has improved water quality and benefited countless other species who call the area home.” “The Endangered Species Act has saved 99 per cent of the species that were on the list since 1973. A hundred types of plants and animals have been delisted as their populations become stable again.
If the wood stork is delisted, it will remain protected by other laws and a monitoring plan will be put in place to ensure the population remains stable.
8．What does the underlined word dwindle probably mean
A．Boost. B．Change. C．Decline. D．Explode.
9．What can we learn about the wood stork in paragraph two
A．Its population shows a rising trend. B．It has become completely extinct.
C．It is widely distributed worldwide. D．It is the most endangered species.
10．What threatened the population of the wood stock
A．Climate change of Earth. B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Impact of human activities. D．Arrival of other wild animals.
11．What is a direct result of the Endangered Species Act
A．People have safer water to drink. B．A list of species have been saved.
C．The local economy has boomed. D．The wood stock has flown away.
D
（2023·四川成都·统考二模）
Corporate culture is the values and beliefs a company develops over time.The role of corporate culture isto improve a company’s mission and strategies,with long-term hopes of improvements in a company’s profit.Mostly corporate culture comes from a company’s top management.
One role of corporate culture is to influence employee behavior, honesty, and compliance（服从）. A company does not have to necessarily create a direct influence for these actions.A direct influence may be a setof written regulations or other policies,and while these may be in place,the corporate culture is usually moreof an indirect influence.
While many companies try to create corporate culture through the use of written policies,its role isharder to define.The human factor has an influence on how corporate culture is expressed.The way uppermanagement acts and reacts to various situations defines how lower-level employees will act,and this aspectmay be more important than any written policy.
A company’s corporate culture can also extend beyond the walls of the business. Consumers who believe a company to be honest and forthright（直率）may be more loyal in their buying behavior. Employees in a company’s customer service department can also exhibit positive corporate culture to outside individuals.Inthis case,the culture creates a link between the company’s employees and its customers.How customers reactmay be a direct result from the company’s corporate culture.
Product quality can also be influenced by a company’s corporate panies that focus only onprofits may decide to avoid high-quality materials in products,but try to suggest that the products are ofhigher quality than they really are.This negative culture can then result in lower brand loyalty withconsumers.
12．What do we know about corporate culture from this passage
A．It is a set of rules and regulations.
B．It is the way the employees act.
C．It is the values and beliefs of a company.
D．It is the long term hope of a company.
13．Which of the following is more efficient in creating corporate culture
A．Making a set of rules and regulations.
B．Setting an example for the employees.
C．Learning the corporate culture regularly.
D．Encouraging the employees to work harder.
14．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph
A．The customer is always right.
B．Corporate culture has different functions.
C．Without corporate culture,a company will die.
D．Positive corporate culture can promote sales.
15．Which word can describe the companies mentioned in the last paragraph
A．Creative. B．Efficient.
C．Dishonest. D．Disloyal.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东梅州·统考三模）
How will you secure your bank account with safety tips
All of us love the convenience of online banking, but is our data preserved online 16 . So if you are using mobile payments or just confirming your balance, you require to keep in mind some safety tips.
Be smart with your password
The very basic thing of protection is the online password. Applying private information like your birthday or a pet’s name may be simple to memorize, but it is more common. So, try to avoid this kind of information as your password. A secure and strong password will be a unique combination of words, special characters, and numbers. 17 .
Always be aware of phishing
Phishing is the common approach adopted to collect secret information. 18 . When you get a message from someone you never know, no need to click on any links. Most commonly, phishing trials will typically build an insight of urgency by either misleading you that you have won a prize, or that there is a concern with your account. Before you proceed to give your account information, check if it’s a phishing message.
Better to use the mobile banking application
19 . But the app will give an additional level of security. Actually, it is one of the very safe ways to do your mobile banking through your commercial institution’s official mobile banking application.
20
Lastly, you require to be assured that your devices are protected when using any kind of online banking. Establish anti-malware software on your home computer, and get assured your wireless connection is safe. You don’t need strangers capable of using your wireless network because this provides the way to your secret information.
A．Protect your devices
B．Keep attention on your device location
C．We all need to get online security into our hands
D．Go with the habit of changing your password frequently
E．When you have a doubt, visit the website that sent the email to check it
F．You may be capable of having the probable functionality by a web browser
G．It may look like a genuine email from a friend, employer, or service provider
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·淄博市第一学期高三摸底质量检测）
Sumiel, a 71-year-old, was no stranger to the struggles of kidney(肾) disease. He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet ____1____. So he continued with his treatments at a medical center 30 miles from home.
One day, he took a taxi home after his ____2____ with the doctor. As they set out on the 40 minute ____3____ to Sumiel’s home in Salem, he and the driver, Letts, got to ____4____.Sumiel mentioned that he’d enjoyed ____5____ and helped others in his community before. But he was doing less these days because the treatments left him ____6____ tired. Then Sumiel revealed that he was ____7____ a kidney giver. Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a ____8____ to give you a kidney.” Sumiel agreed, though he didn’t ____9____ much of it as they kept driving.
Letts was ______10______ to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had ______11______ the kidney transplant program. After a month’s long screening ______12______—including an interview, sharing medical records, and testing the ______13______ were: Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumielwere a perfect match.
Fourteen months after they ended up in the same taxi by ______14______, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a______15______. They kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could reunite.
1. A. happened B. appeared C. proved D. showed
2. A. argument B. agreement C. promise D. appointment
3. A. drive B. walk C. chance D. march
4. A. bargaining B. complaining C. chatting D. reasoning
5. A. struggling B. volunteering C. competing D. wandering
6. A. usually B. basically C. extremely D. normally
7. A. searching for B. picking out C. preparing for D. getting through
8. A. partner B. game C. pair D. match
9. A. predict B. think C. learn D. work
10. A. fair B. strange C. true D. certain
11. A. contacted B. connected C. abandoned D. launched
12. A. decision B. operation C. practice D. process
13. A. solutions B. results C. purposes D. evidences
14. A. arrangement B. design C. coincidence D. invitation
15. A. success B. task C. responsibility D. glory
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·湖南长沙·校考二模）
The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press pause and think about the things that get 1 (good) with time: antiques, aged wine, long-term relationships and expertise over the years.
Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often-repeated saying goes as follows: Three minutes on stage, 10 years 2 stage. It’s meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance 3 (do) the way the forefathers wanted it.
Peking Opera is 4 (demand) because of the extensive list of skills it requires. A performer is an actor, singer, dancer, acrobat, mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected 5 (apply) delicate make-up, put on heavy costumes and, 6 (depend) on their character, perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes.
There is so much to take in 7 disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children, spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage.
So what chance does 8 theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera Do I have 9 it takes to put on a successful show There’s only one way to find out: I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the 10 (guide) of senior stage masters in the field.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的素食美食。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里 有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据Genesis Restaurant 部分中的“Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake. (Genesis Restaurant 尤其以其多汁的饺子、春卷、 无猪肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而闻名。)”可知，Genesis Restaurant以中餐闻名。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据WellSmoocht Collective 部分中的“WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specialises in plant-based ice cream. (WellSmoocht 是一家专营植物性冰淇淋的咖啡馆和甜品吧。)”及“Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628”可知，如果你喜欢吃甜食，你应该去SinMingCentre,#01-03。故选 C。
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Cassie在离开艺术学校一周年这天心情低落，但被一个陌生人开导后，通过画日出再次对生活产生乐观心态的故事。 4．推理判断题。第四段““We’re not busy, take your time.” Jonah came with a cappuccino for her. “Thanks.” She accepted the coffee, “Everything’s fine.” Then Jonah nodded, revealing a comforting smile, and went back inside. (“我们不忙，慢慢来。”乔纳给她端来一杯卡布奇诺。“谢谢。”她接受了咖啡，“一切都很好。”然后乔纳点了点头，露出安慰的微笑，然后回到了里面。)”，可知Jonah作为老板很体贴，注意到Cassie的情绪不安，并给予安慰。故选D项。 5．推理判断题。根据第六段前三句“Cassie had gone to study fine art hopefully but dropped out after only a year due to the unbearable homesickness. Since then, she hadn’t touched her paints for a whole year. Today was doomed to be a sad date, the anniversary of her exciting plans turning to dust. (卡西满怀希望地去学习美术，但由于难以忍受的思乡之情，一年后就退学了。从那以后，她整整一年没有碰过颜料。今天注定是一个悲伤的日子，她激动人心的计划的周年纪念日变成了尘埃。)”可知，Cassie原本满怀希望去艺术学校学画画，但因想家甚而辍学。而“今天”是她辍学一周年的日子，也意味着她学习美术的计划中途停止，成了灰烬，所以Cassie情绪不高。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第八段女士说的话““You have talent, but there is much sadness in it, for one so young.” Cassie’s eyes were filled with tears. “My name’s Willow,” the woman said kindly, “Why not try painting the sunrise instead, my dear You might find it helps.” (“你有天赋，但对这么年轻的人来说，这其中有很多悲伤。” Cassie的眼里充满了泪水。“我是Willow，”女人和蔼地说，“为什么不试着画日出呢，亲爱的？你可能会发现它很有用。”)”可知，Willow觉得Cassie的画技很好，但是画中带着不符合她年纪的悲伤，所以建议她改画sunrise，并暗示这可能对她有帮助，即日出会让Cassie不那么悲伤，而是精神振奋。故选B项。 7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In her picture the sun was powering into the sky, casting a clear, golden pathway across the sea. (在她的照片中，太阳直射天空，在海面上投射出一条清晰、金色的路径。)”可知，这张关于日出的图，充满了希望，这给予了Cassie重新获得对生活的积极的态度，故sunrise“日出”是文章中重要的意象。又因为几个选项的意思如下：选项A“The Sun Always Rises (太阳照常升起)”；选项B“Every Man Has Its Price(天生我材必有用)”；选项C选项“Strike While the Iron Is Hot (趁热打铁)”；选项D“A Good Medicine Tastes Bitter (良药苦口)”。故选A项。
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述林鹳数量增长，从濒危物种名单中除名，并介绍了林鹳数量增长的原因。 8．词义猜测题。根据划线词后“one species that is moving in the opposite direction of such loss is America’s native wildlife — wood stork.(但有一种动物却在朝着相反的方向发展，那就是美国本土的野生动物——林鹳)”和第二段中“Today, it numbers 10,000 mating pairs, and the Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting of the wood stork as an endangered species.(如今，它们的交配数量达到了1万对，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局正提议将林鹳从濒危物种名单中除名)”可知，林鹳数量增长，与很多动物相反，故划线词所在句意为“虽然许多动物的数量似乎在减少”，dwindle意为“减少”，故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1984, it was declared an endangered species after its population decreased sharply to just 5,000 mating pairs. At the time, scientists predicted that the bird would become completely extinct by 2000. Today, it numbers 10,000 mating pairs, and the Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting of the wood stork as an endangered species.(1984年，在其数量急剧减少到只有5000对交配后，它被宣布为濒危物种。当时，科学家预测这种鸟将在2000年完全灭绝。如今，它们的交配数量达到了1万对，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局正提议将林鹳从濒危物种名单中除名)”可知，林鹳的数量承增长趋势，故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The wood stork’s native home was in the Everglades in Florida, but it migrated north as the Everglades were being destroyed by development of mankind.(林鹳的故乡在佛罗里达的大沼泽地，但随着人类的发展，大沼泽地被破坏，它们向北迁移)”可知，人类活动的影响威胁着林鹳的数量，故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The Endangered Species Act has saved 99 per cent of the species that were on the list since 1973. A hundred types of plants and animals have been delisted as their populations become stable again.(自1973年以来，《濒危物种法》拯救了99%的濒危物种。随着种群数量恢复稳定，100种动植物已被从濒危物种名单中除名)”可知，《濒危物种法》的直接影响是它拯救了很多濒危物种，故选B。
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。企业文化是一个公司随着时间的推移而发展起来的价值观和信念。企业文化的作用是完善企业的使命和战略，并有望长期企业利润的提高。文章并指出了企业文化对企业销量和质量的影响作用。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Corporate culture is the values and beliefs a company develops over time.”可知企业文化是一个公司随着时间的推移而发展起来的价值观和信念。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Mostly corporate culture comes from a company’s top management.”可知企业文化大多来自公司的高层管理人员。即树立员工榜样更能有效地创造企业文化，故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二、三句“Employees in a company’s customer service department can also exhibit positive corporate culture to outside individuals. In this case, the culture creates a link between the company’s employees and its customers.”可知公司客服部门的员工也可以向外界展示积极的企业文化。在这种情况下，企业文化在员工和客户之间建立了联系，而客户的反应可能是公司企业文化的直接结果。即可知积极的企业文化可以促进销售。故选D 15．细节理解题。最后一段第二句“Companies that focus only on profits may decide to avoid high-quality materials in products, but try to suggest that the products are of higher quality than they really are.”可知那些只注重利润的公司可能会决定在产品中避免使用高质量的材料，但要尽量表明产品的质量比实际质量高。公司用低质量的产品冒充品质好的产品，这是一种“不诚实”的行为，故选C。
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．G 19．F 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何保护网络银行账号的安全。 16．本段为总启段落，根据空前的“All of us love the convenience of online banking, but is our data preserved online (我们都喜欢网上银行的便利，但是我们的数据在网上保存了吗 )”引出话题，根据空后的“So if you are using mobile payments or just confirming your balance, you require to keep in mind some safety tips.(因此，如果你正在使用移动支付或只是确认你的余额，你需要记住一些安全提示。)”可知，本文讲述的是牢记一些使用网上银行账号的安全提示，由此可推断，此空处讲述的内容与确保网上安全相关，C选项“We all need to get online security into our hands(我们都需要掌握网络安全)”内容与本段内容吻合，且是对空前问题的回答，人称一致，与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选C项。 17．根据本段的小标题“Be smart with your password(小心你的密码)”可知，本段主要指导用户如何使用密码提高网络银行账户的安全，结合空前句子“The very basic thing of protection is the online password. Applying private information like your birthday or a pet’s name may be simple to memorize, but it is more common. So, try to avoid this kind of information as your password. A secure and strong password will be a unique combination of words, special characters, and numbers.(最基本的保护是在线密码。应用私人信息，比如你的生日或宠物的名字，可能很容易记住，但更常见。因此，尽量避免将此类信息作为您的密码。一个安全而强大的密码将是单词、特殊字符和数字的独特组合。) ”,可知D选项“Go with the habit of changing your password frequently(养成频繁更换密码的习惯)”讲述的内容与本段主题一致。故选D项。 18．根据空前的“Phishing is the common approach adopted to collect secret information.(网络钓鱼是收集秘密信息的常用方法。)”可知，网络仿冒是很常见的一个手段，根据空后的“When you get a message from someone you never know, no need to click on any links.(当你从一个你不认识的人那里收到一条信息时，没有必要点击任何链接。)”可知，收到陌生人的信息不要点击链接，G选项“It may look like a genuine email from a friend, employer, or service provider(它可能看起来像是来自朋友、雇主或服务提供者的一封真实的电子邮件)”中的it指代的内容与空前的phishing内容一致，且起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。 19．根据本段的小标题“Better to use the mobile banking application(最好使用手机银行应用程序)”可知，本段建议用户使用银行的应用软件，根据空后的“But the app will give an additional level of security.(但该应用程序将提供额外的安全级别。)”可知，使用银行的应用软件更加安全，根据“additional level of security”可推断此空处讲述的是还有其他供用户使用的方式，F选项“You may be capable of having the probable functionality by a web browser(你可以通过一个网页浏览器拥有可能的功能)”讲述的是你可以使用网页浏览器获得可能得功能，与本段的主题一致，且与空后的内容合乎逻辑。故选F项。 20．此空处为本段的小标题，与其它段落的主题句形式一致，应为为祈使句，根据空后的“Lastly, you require to be assured that your devices are protected when using any kind of online banking.(最后，当你使用任何一种网上银行时，你需要确保你的设备是受到保护的。)”可知，本段讲述的为要确保网上银行安全，要保护好设备，A选项“Protect your devices(保护你的设备)”为祈使句且与空后的内容吻合，概括了本段的主题。故选A项
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了71的 Sumiel因为肾衰竭需要肾移植，但是找不到合适的肾源。有一天Sumiel打了一辆出租车回家，他在车上和出租车司机Letts闲聊时告诉了司机他的困境。出租车司机说他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的肾适合移植给Sumiel，并且手术很成功。 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人出现。A. happened发生；B. appeared出现；C. proved证明；D. showed展示。根据前文“He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet”以及后文“So he continued with his treatments at a medical center 30 miles from home.”可知，因此，他在离家30英里的医疗中心继续治疗。由此推知，他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人出现。故选B项。 2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，他在预约看完医生后乘出租车回家。A. argument争论；B. agreement同意，协议；C. promise承诺；D. appointment预约，约会。根据前文“he took a taxi home after his”以及后文“with the doctor”可知，此处是指他约看完医生后乘出租车回家。故选D项。 3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们开车40分钟前往Sumiel位于塞勒姆的家时，他和司机Letts开始聊天。A. drive开车，驾驶；B. walk散步，步行；C. chance机会；D. march行进。根据前文“he took a taxi home”可知，他乘出租车回家，由此推知，此处是指他们开车40分钟。故选A项。 4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们开车40分钟前往Sumiel位于塞勒姆的家时，他和司机Letts开始聊天。A. bargaining讨价还价；B. complaining抱怨；C. chatting聊天；D. reasoning推理。根据语境和后文“Sumiel mentioned that he’d enjoyed ____5____ and helped others in his community before.”可知，Sumiel提到他以前喜欢帮助社区里的其他人，由此推知，此处是指他们在车上聊天。故选C项。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel提到他以前很喜欢做志愿活动，帮助社区里其他人。A. struggling努力，奋斗；B. volunteering自愿做，志愿活动；C. competing竞争；D. wandering闲逛。根据语境和后文“and helped others in his community before”可知，帮助社区里的其他人，由此推知，此处是指Sumiel很喜欢做志愿活动。故选B项。 6.考查副词词义辨析。句意：但这些天他做得越来越少，因为治疗让他非常疲惫。A. usually通常；B. basically基本上；C. extremely极其，非常；D. normally正常地。根据语境和前文“But he was doing less these days because the treatments left him”以及后文“tired”可知，由此推知，此处是指因为治疗让他非常疲惫，所以这些天他做得越来越少。故选C项。 7.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后，Sumiel透露他正在寻找一个捐肾者。A. searching for寻找；B. picking out挑选；C. preparing for准备；D. getting through通过。根据语境和前文“He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet ____1____.So he continued with his treatments at a medical center 30 miles from home.”可知，他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人，因此他在离家30英里的医疗中心继续治疗。由此推知，此处是指他正在寻找一个捐肾者。故选A项。 8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Letts说：“我想看看我能不能给你配一个肾。”A. partner搭档；B. game游戏，比赛；C. pair一对，一双；D. match相配的人（或物）。根据语境和后文“Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumielwere a perfect match”可知，Letts是一个理想的捐赠者，他和Sumiel是完美的配型。由此推知，此处是指Letts想看看他能不能给匹配一个肾。故选D项。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel同意了，可是他并没有多想，因为他们一直在开车。A. predict预测；B. think思考，认为；C. learn学习；D. work工作。根据语境和后文“much of it as they kept driving”可知，因为他们一直在开车，由此推知，此处是指Sumiel并没有想太多。故选B项。 10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Letts信守诺言。A. fair公平的；B. strange奇怪的；C. true真实的，正确的；D. certain确定的。根据语境和后文“He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had ____11____ the kidney transplant program.”可知，Letts联系了Sumiel和肾移植项目。由此推知，Letts履行了承诺。故选C项。 11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，他与Sumiel取得了联系，到了下周，Letts就联系了肾移植项目。A. contacted联系；B. connected连接；C. abandoned放弃；D. launched发射。根据语境和前文“He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later”以及后文“the kidney transplant program”可知，他先与Sumiel取得了联系，然后又联系了肾移植项目。故选A项。 12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一个月漫长的筛选过程——包括面试、分享医疗记录和测试——结果是：Letts是一个理想的捐赠者，他和Sumiel是完美的配型。A. decision决定；B. operation手术；C. practice练习，实践；D. process过程。根据语境和后文“including an interview, sharing medical records, and testing”可知，包括面试、分享医疗记录和测试，由此推知，此处是指经过一个月漫长的筛选过程。故选D项。 13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一个月漫长的筛选过程——包括面试、分享医疗记录和测试——结果是：Letts是一个理想的捐赠者，他和Sumiel是完美的配型。A. solutions解决方案；B. results结果；C. purposes目的，意志；D. evidences证据。根据语境和后文“Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumielwere a perfect match”可知，Letts是一个理想的捐赠者，他和Sumiel是完美的配型。由此推知，此处是指配型的结果。故选B项。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们巧合乘坐同一辆出租车的14个月后，Sumiel和Letts接受了手术。A. arrangement安排；B. design设计，意图；C. coincidence巧合；D. invitation邀请。根据语境和前文“One day, he took a taxi home after his ____2____ with the doctor. As they set out on the 40 minute ____3____ to Sumiel’s home in Salem, he and the driver, Letts”可知，Sumiel乘出租车回家，司机碰巧是Letts，由此推知，他们是巧合乘坐同一辆出租车。故选C项。 15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术很成功。A. success成功；B. task任务；C. responsibility责任；D. glory光荣，荣誉。根据语境和后文“They kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could reunite.”可知，他们保持着联系，期待着团聚的那一天。由此推知，手术很成功。故选A项。
【答案】 1．better 2．off 3．is done 4．demanding 5．to apply 6．depending 7．that 8．a 9．what 10．guidance 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为一名京剧初学者对京剧的理解。 1．考查比较级。句意：对速度的需求在现代社会中根深蒂固，以至于我们经常忘记按下暂停键，去思考那些随着时间流逝而变得更好的东西：古董、陈年葡萄酒、长期的关系和多年来的专业知识。结合句意“变得更好”可知，用副词的比较级形式。故填better。 2．考查介词。句意：人们常说：“台上三分钟，台下十年功。” 短语off stage表示“台下”。故填off。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：这是对其苛刻性质的认可，也是对其高标准的提醒，以确保任何表演都以祖先希望的方式进行。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。主语performance与do之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is done。 4．考查形容词。句意：京剧要求很高，因为它需要大量的技巧。作表语，表示“要求很高的”应用形容词demanding。故填demanding。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。此处为短语be expected to do sth.表示“被期望做某事”。故填to apply。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：她们还需要化精致的妆，穿上厚重的服装，根据角色的不同，还需要穿着15厘米厚的厚底鞋登台表演。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。逻辑主语They与depend之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填depending。 7．考查状语从句。句意：舞台剧可以吸收的东西太多了，以至于徒弟们通常从孩童时期就开始了他们的演艺生涯，花数年时间为舞台剧训练自己的身体和思想。此处为句型so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 8．考查冠词。句意：那么，像我这样缺乏耐心和灵活性的戏剧初学者，能有什么机会反对京剧呢 名词beginner为可数名词，泛指，且theatre发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：我有成功演出的条件吗？引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what引导。故填what。 10．考查名词。句意：只有一种方法可以找到答案：我卷起袖子，在资深舞台大师的指导下训练。此处为短语under the guidance of表示“在……的指导下”。故填guidance。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【25】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·浙江省9 1高中联盟高三上学期11月期中）
Writing Contest: Tell A Story
It's National Tell a Story Month, and we’re excited to hear yours! For this contest, submit your best fictional stories. Your stories will be judged based on imagery, novelty and originality. There is no specific genre (体裁) for your story. So go ahead and get to writing. We can't wait to read what you have in store for us.
Deadline: October 1,2023
Rules:
*You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.
*No inappropriate content.
* Submissions must relate to the topic (A story).
Guidelines and Details:
*Your entry must be between about 5-15 minutes (pages) long.
*There is no limit to the number of plays you can submit.
How to Submit:
* Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information.
* Submit your work to the Fiction category of Teen Ink. You can find this selection after selecting the initial “Article/Poetry” submission type.
* Important!! We get a lot of fiction submissions every month. If you want to submit your work for this con test in particular, include the words “Tell A Story” in your submission’s tags (标签). You can do this by using the “additional tags” field in your submission form.
Prizes:
* Winner (and honorable mentions, if space allows) will have their scripts published in Teen Ink magazine.
*The overall winner will receive a $25 Amazon gift card.
1．What is a criterion used to evaluate the entries
A．It should be a true story. B．Its content should be creative.
C．Its theme should be about teens. D．It should follow a particular genre.
2．Which of the following will lead to failed participation
A．Being a 10-year-old girl. B．Writing an entry of 10 pages.
C．Submitting before October 1,2023. D．Choosing to use a Teen Ink account.
3．What's the purpose of writing the text
A．To inform teenagers of a contest. B．To encourage the use of Teen Ink.
C．To stress the significance of writing. D．To select honorable teenage writers.
B
(2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测)
We were standing at the top of a church tower. I saw twisting streets leading to the square. “See, my dear,” Father said gently. “There is more than one way to the square.”
Father’s words always guided me. Dreaming of becoming a fashion designer, I came to Paris, but without luck. Then one day I met a friend wearing a beautiful sweater. “What an interesting stitch!” I cried. “It was done by Mrs. Vidian,” my friend explained. “She learned the stitch in Armenia, her native country.” Suddenly I had a daring idea. Why not design, make and sell my own clothes
I drew a butterfly pattern and asked Mrs. Vidian to knit it into a sweater. It proved a success. A New York store wanted 40 sweaters to be ready in two weeks. I accepted the order. My happiness disappeared, however, when Mrs. Vidian told me it took her almost a week to knit one sweater.
I was crushed. Then I remembered father’s words. There must be other Armenian women in Paris who mastered the special stitch. Then I searched for any Armenians living in Paris. At last I tracked down several. Two weeks later, the first shipment was on its way to the United States!
From that day on orders poured in. Then came another test. As I was busy getting ready to show my winter fashions, the sewing girls were called out on strike. Where was the way out this time I wondered and worried. Then it dawned on me.
I worked hurriedly. And right on time, my show took place. Some coats had no sleeves; some were only patterns made of heavy cotton cloth, but on these I attached material to show what colors and textures the clothes would have when they were finished. What a show! Once again father’s words helped me.
4. What problem did the writer face after accepting the order
A. It was impossible for Vidian to meet the deadline.
B. The sewing girls were called out on strike.
C. She found it hard to track Armenians living in Paris.
D. There was a shortage of suitable cloth.
5. What do the underlined words “the first shipment” refer to in Paragraph 4
A. Raw materials. B. More orders. C. The forty sweaters. D. The special stitch.
6. How did the writer deal with the show problem
A. She put off the show. B. She showed the clothes unfinished.
C. She employed more sewing girls. D. She completed the clothes in a hurry.
7. Which of the following might the writer agree with
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Like father, like son.
C. Easier said than done. D. All roads lead to Rome.
C
（2023`云南保山·统考二模）
From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota, US, according to CNN.
ChatGPT is a language model developed by US-based company OpenAI, which is designed to respond to human language in a way that sounds like a person. The model is based on the GPT-3.5 architecture and has been trained on a large corpus (语料库) of text data, including books, articles, and websites, using unsupervised (无人监督的) learning techniques.
As a language model, ChatGPT can understand and respond to a wide range of questions and requests, making it an outstanding tool for many different applications. ChatGPT has been trained on a large dataset of text, which allows it to understand a wide range of topics. This means that it can assist with various tasks, involving answering questions, providing information on different subjects, summarizing texts, and even generating writing prompts.
One of the best things about ChatGPT is that it’s always learning and improving. It uses advanced natural language processing algorithms (计算程序) to generate is responses, which means that it is constantly improving and getting better and better as it receives more data over time. This makes it an incredibly powerful tool that can help you learn, grow, and succeed in school and beyond. It’s a valuable resource that can help you achieve your academic goals, whether you need help with research, writing, or just want to chat. It’s like having a smart friend who can help you with your homework or give you interesting ideas to write about.
But despite its advanced capabilities, ChatGPT is not wihout limitations. As with any AI technology, ChatGPT has certain weaknesses and challenges that can impact its performance and accuracy.
8．Which of the following statements about ChatGPT is correct
A．It could pass several law exams in various courses.
B．It was designed by the GPT-3.5 architecture.
C．It gave the world a hit the moment it was launched.
D．It was designed to respond to human language in exactly the same manner as humans.
9．Who is the passage probably written for
A．Students. B．Professors. C．Doctors. D．Engineers.
10．What will be probably discussed next in the passage
A．More information about AI technology. B．The future applications of AI technology.
C．Advanced capabilities of ChatGPT. D．Limitations of ChatGPT.
11．What can be a suitable title of the passage
A．ChatGPT has been a new trend B．ChatGPT will be the future of AI technology
C．ChatGPT has impressed the world D．ChatGPT has both advantages and disadvantages
D
（2023·河北邢台·校联考一模）
Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.
But is it possible that Kaylee’s online friendships could be making her lonely That’s what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.
Could this be true During your parents’ childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other.
Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platforms(平台).
In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger, “There’s definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other,” says Katie Davis, co-author of The App Generation.
Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. “If we are constantly checking in with our virtual words, we will have little time for our real-world friendships.” says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today’s kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don’t need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face.
12．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To summarize the text.
B．To tell about true friends.
C．To bring up a discussion.
D．To encourage online friendship.
13．What does the underlined part “in the flesh” mean in Paragraph 3
A．In any case. B．In person.
C．In full measure. D．In advance.
14．What is Katie’s attitude towards online communication
A．Worried. B．Unconcerned. C．Confused. D．Positive.
15．What view does Rosen hold
A．It’s wise to turn to friends online.
B．It’s easier to develop friendships in reality.
C．Teenagers need focus on real-world friendships.
D．Social media help people stay closely connected.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·山东聊城·统考三模）
Long before metal oven racks (架子) were invented, many people would place the things that they wanted to bake onto stones to keep them from burning in ovens or even directly on heat. 16 However, there are actually many applications for its use in baking.
Typical baking stones can be made of various materials, and tend to be either round or rectangular in shape. The clay stone is popular, but some people like marble. Some have a shiny surface and others don’t have. 17 Some people suggest that heading to the local kitchen supply store to purchase a baking stone is a waste of time and instead they purchase tiles (瓦片) from kitchen or gardening stores. 18 They may contain high amounts of lead and cooks would need to test them for the presence of lead before using them to cook.
19 Baking stones absorb and keep heat very well, so when you put them in the oven and allow the oven to run for a while, the stones heat up. They transfer heat directly to the bottom of your bread or other goods, as the goods can be placed directly on the stone so they never start out on a cold surface. This allows bread to bake more evenly all over, resulting in a much nicer crust (酥皮)—particularly for artisan bread.
There are many benefits of using a baking stone to cook pizza or bread. 20 For another, the stone is also praised for its ability to evenly heat the crust and lessen chances that pizza or other bread will burn.
A．The way that baking stones work is simple.
B．Baking stones can be found in all shapes and sizes.
C．For one thing, it tends to produce more desirable qualities.
D．That makes them uniquely useful for many cooking creations.
E．Today, the baking stone is associated most with cooking pizza.
F．So you can choose from a great variety of stones on the market.
G．However, most of these products are not rated for safety in cooking.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·重庆市第一中学校高三上学期10月阶段性考试）
My sense of leadership has been shaped by my father, whose 25 years in public education have positively impacted many students. On the last day of each school year he would come home with many cards and gifts, from both 1 students graduating and former students who stopped by to thank him. Apart from his role as a respected teacher, my father was also a 2 who helped others learn to find themselves, rather than direct their actions or words through 3 . I’ve come to believe that power is the ability to 4 people to evolve, and that successful 5 is measured only by the success and well-being of the people around you.
As a result of this understanding, I’ve 6 an active presence in my high school’s peer tutoring program. Since I also hope to become a 7 , this experience has helped me better understand the skills needed to help people 8 their educational obstacles.
Coaching in 9 is another mode of leadership that I hope to keep. Powerlifting has had a major place in my after-school life. I’ve found the strength sport environment to be really 10 , because everyone can participate in it. In addition, it 11 cooperation and support. This goes back to the measurement of encouraging success and 12 of others.
The path to becoming a more 13 leader comes from establishing bonds and developing skills alongside other people, so that eventually your ability to lead follows 14 from your experience and abilities you’ve practiced over years of work. By 15 oneself and others, we eventually become a true leader and educator.
1．A．wealthy B．familiar C．generous D．current
2．A．consultant B．volunteer C．leader D．psychologist
3．A．education B．morality C．patience D．authority
4．A．inspire B．ask C．order D．beg
5．A．friendship B．membership C．hardship D．leadership
6．A．maintained B．noticed C．refused D．known
7．A．player B．father C．programmer D．teacher
8．A．encounter B．overcome C．establish D．ignore
9．A．music B．sport C．dance D．science
10．A．accessible B．depressing C．competitive D．clean
11．A．stresses B．compares C．avoids D．replaces
12．A．money B．action C．happiness D．fame
13．A．demanding B．selfish C．effective D．optimistic
14．A．wildly B．naturally C．occasionally D．formally
15．A．playing with B．lifting up C．showing off D．giving away
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·重庆·高三重庆巴蜀中学校考阶段练习)
Fall marks cricket fighting season in China, a sport 1 (believe) to date back more than a millennium. In recent years, it’s gained 2 (popular) with new generations.
Here’s 3 the game works. Two crickets —always males are weighed to the closest hundredth of a gram 4 then paired off by weight class. They 5 (place) in a clear plastic ring nearly the size of a dinner plate, with a dividing wall 6 (separate) the two insects. A referee signals go time, then slides out the ring divider to let the bugs face off.
The owners poke a special reed (芦苇) in to brush their crickets, which drives them to fight. A referee closely monitors the tiny fighters, noting 7 number of attacks and retreats. Cricket enthusiasts wax poetic about a certain province because of the fierceness of its six-legged fighters. Ningyang county in Shandong produces especially desired bugs, the sale of which brings 8 about 600 million yuan in revenue a year.
Zhao Jiuling is a 9 (commit) cricket competitor. Each night, he cooks a nutritious meal of grain and bean powder for crickets. “They’re very 10 (pick) about both their food and mates,” he said. “Sometimes they don’t like each other. Domestic violence happens both ways. Sometimes the females eat the males,” he added.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了Teen Ink杂志的“讲故事比赛”的相关内容，包括评选标准、参赛规则、作品提交方式、以及获奖奖励等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ Your stories will be judged based on imagery, novelty and originality.(你的故事将根据意象、新颖性和原创性来评判)”可知，提交的故事作品将会根据意象、新颖性和原创性来评判即根据故事内容的创造力来评判。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Rules部分中“You must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink account to enter.(您必须是拥有teen Ink帐户的青少年(13-19岁)才能进入)”可知，年龄在13-19岁之间的青少年才能参加比赛。A选项“Being a 10-year-old girl.”不符合参赛的标准。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了Teen Ink杂志的“讲故事比赛”的相关内容，包括评选标准、参赛规则、作品提交方式、以及获奖奖励等信息。故文章的目的是通知青少年有关比赛的消息。故选A。
【答案】4.A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了父亲说过的“通往广场的路不止一条”的话一直在指引着作者，帮 助作者度过一次次难关。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段“My happiness disappeared, however,when Mrs. Vidian told me it took her almost a week to knit one sweater.(然而，当 Vidian 太太告诉我，她织一件毛衣几乎要花一个星期的时间时，我的快乐 消失了)”可知，作者在接受订单后，Vidian不可能在最后期限前完成任务。故选A。 5. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“A New York store wanted 40 sweaters to be ready in two weeks. I accepted the order.(一家纽约商店希望在两周内准备好40件毛衣。我接受了订单)”以及划线词上文“Then I searched for any Armenians living in Paris. At last I tracked down several.”可知，作者找了几个住在巴黎的亚美尼亚人来完成这 四十件毛衣。故划线词指的是“四十件毛衣”。故选C。 6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some coats had no sleeves; some were only patters made of heavy cotton cloth, but on these I attached material to show what colors and textures the clothes would have when they were finished.(有些外套没有袖子；有些只是用厚棉布做成的图案，但我在这些图案上附上了布料，以显示衣服完 成后的颜色和质地)”可知，作者通过展示了未完成的衣服处理展示问题。故选B。 7. 推理判断题。根据第一段“We were standing at the top of a church tower. I saw twisting streets leading to the square. “See, my dear,” Father said gently. “There is more than one way to the square.”(我们站在教堂的塔顶上。 我看到蜿蜒曲折的街道通向广场。“看，亲爱的，”父亲温柔地说。“通往广场的路不止一条。”)”结合文章主 要讲述了父亲说过的“通往广场的路不止一条”的话一直在指引着作者，帮助作者度过一次次难关。可推知， 作者认同“条条大路通罗马”。故选D。
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．D 11．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的AI技术—ChatGPT。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022.(自2022年底推出以来，ChatGPT让世界惊叹不已)”可知，ChatGPT一经问世就轰动全球。故选C。 9．推理判断题。根据第四段“This makes it an incredibly powerful tool that can help you learn, grow, and succeed in school and beyond. It’s a valuable resource that can help you achieve your academic goals, whether you need help with research, writing, or just want to chat. It’s like having a smart friend who can help you with your homework or give you interesting ideas to write about. (这使它成为一个非常强大的工具，可以帮助你在学校内外学习、成长和成功。这是一种宝贵的资源，可以帮助你实现学术目标，无论你是在研究、写作方面需要帮助，还是只是想聊天。这就像有一个聪明的朋友可以帮你做作业，或者给你有趣的想法)”可推知，这篇文章的写作对象很可能是学生。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But despite its advanced capabilities, ChatGPT is not wihout linitations. As with any AI technology, ChafGPT has certain weaknesses and challenges that can impact its performance and accuracy. (但是，尽管ChatGPT有着先进的功能，但它并没有受到限制。与任何人工智能技术一样，ChafGPT也有一些弱点和挑战，这些弱点和挑战可能会影响其性能和准确性)”可推知，文章接下来的主要内容是讲述ChatGPT的局限性。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota, US, according to CNN. (从创作莎士比亚风格的诗歌到制作音乐，自2022年底推出以来，ChatGPT一直让世界惊叹不已。据美国有线电视新闻网报道，它甚至通过了美国明尼苏达大学四门课程的几次法律考试)”可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT这项轰动全球的技术。故选C。
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。现在的青少年把更多的时间用于网上交友，这样的现象让专家很担忧。专家认为青少年如果不断地关注虚拟世界，他们将几乎没有时间在现实世界建立真正的友谊。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends — 532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.(13岁的凯莉有很多朋友——事实上，如果你把她的网上朋友加起来，有532个。她花了很多时间和他们在一起。)”和第二段的“But is it possible that Kaylee’s online friendships could be making her lonely （但有没有可能她网络上的朋友让她感到孤独呢？）”可知，第一段阐述了在网络上有很多朋友的现象，而第二段就此现象提出了一个疑问。由此推知，第一段目的是提出一个讨论的话题，从而引出下文对于这个话题的讨论。故选C项。 13．词义猜测题。根据画线短语前的“During your parent’s childhoods(在你们父母的童年时期)”和画线短语后的“Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones.(孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是和朋友们用手机玩文字游戏。)”可知，在你父母的童年时期，与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是在手机上玩Words With Friends。由此推知，in the flesh意为“亲自”，故选B项。 14．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger, ‘There’s definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other’ (事实上，在很多方面，网上交流可以让友谊更加牢固。‘这绝对有积极的影响。孩子们可以经常联系，这意味着他们可以更多地分享彼此的感受。’)” 可推知，Katie对网络交流持乐观态度。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. “If we are constantly checking in with our virtual words, we will have little time for our real-world friendships.” says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today’s kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. (然而，其他专家警告说，过多的网上交流可能会妨碍建立深厚的友谊。如果我们不断地使用虚拟世界的语言，我们就没有多少时间来处理现实世界中的友谊了。加州州立大学教授拉里·罗森说。罗森还担心，现在的孩子可能会把社交媒体上的“朋友”误认为生活中真正的朋友。)”可知，如果我们不断关注我们的虚拟世界，我们将几乎没有时间留给现实世界的友谊。Rosen担心孩子们可能会把社交媒体上的朋友错当成生活中真正的朋友。由此推知，Rosen认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊。故选C项。
【答案】16．E 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烘培石做披萨和面包的好处以及它在烘焙中有很多其它的应用。 16．上文“Long before metal oven racks (架子) were invented, many people would place the things that they wanted to bake onto stones to keep them from burning in ovens or even directly on heat.”（早在金属烤架发明之前，许多人就会把他们想烤的东西放在石头上，以防止它们在烤箱中烧焦，甚至直接加热。）引出话题，提到人们把想烤的东西放在石头上。下文“However, there are actually many applications for its use in baking.”（然而，实际上它在烘焙中有很多应用。）说明在烘焙中有很多应用。结合选项E项Today, the baking stone is associated most with cooking pizza.（今天，烘焙石与制作披萨联系最为紧密。）起到上下文的承上启下作用，下文是对上文的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 17．根据上文“The clay stone is popular, but some people like marble. Some have a shiny surface and others don’t have.”（粘土石很受欢迎，但有些人喜欢大理石。有些有闪亮的表面，有些则没有。）可知，说明不同的选择。结合选项F项So you can choose from a great variety of stones on the market.（所以你可以从市场上各种各样的石头中选择。）可知，和上文内容相关，形成因果关系，为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。 18．根据下文“They may contain high amounts of lead and cooks would need to test them for the presence of lead before using them to cook.”（他们可能含有大量的铅，厨师在用它们做饭之前需要测试它们是否含有铅。）说明不安全的原因。可推知，上文为关于安全的内容。结合选项G项However, most of these products are not rated for safety in cooking.（然而，这些产品中的大多数都没有被评为烹饪安全。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 19．根据下文“Baking stones absorb and keep heat very well, so when you put them in the oven and allow the oven to run for a while, the stones heat up.”（烘烤的石头吸收和保持热量非常好，所以当你把它们放在烤箱里，让烤箱运行一会儿，石头就会变热。）说明烘烤的石头的方法。结合选项A项The way that baking stones work is simple.（烘烤石头的方法很简单。）和下文内容意思一致，为总结下文内容。故选A项。 20．上文“There are many benefits of using a baking stone to cook pizza or bread.”（用烤石做披萨或面包有很多好处。）说明烤石做披萨的好处。下文“For another, the stone is also praised for its ability to evenly heat the crust and lessen chances that pizza or other bread will burn.”（另一方面，这种石头也因为它能均匀地加热面包皮和减少披萨或其他面包烧焦的机会而受到称赞。）说明烤石做披萨好处的原因之一。故可推断空格处内容为另外一种做披萨好处的原因。结合选项C项For one thing, it tends to produce more desirable qualities.（首先，它往往会产生更理想的品质。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．B 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者通过父亲作为一名成功的领导者的例子阐述了自己对领导意识的理解。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在每个学年的最后一天，他都会带着许多卡片和礼物回家，来自即将毕业的学生，也有前来感谢他的老学生。A. wealthy富有的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. generous慷慨的；D. current现在的，当前的。根据“On the last day of each school year he would come home with many cards and gifts”可知，这些卡片和礼物是即将毕业的学生送的，或者以前的老学生送的。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了作为一个受人尊敬的老师，我的父亲也是一个领导者，他帮助别人学会发现自己，而不是通过权威来指导他们的行动或言语。A. consultant咨询顾问；B. volunteer志愿者；C. leader领导者；D. psychologist心理学家。根据上文“My sense of leadership has been shaped by my father”可知，父亲一个领导者。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. education教育；B. morality道德，道义；C. patience耐心；D. authority权威，权力。根据“who helped others learn to find themselves, rather than direct their actions or words”可知，父亲作为领导帮助别人学会发现自己，而不是通过权威来指导他们的行动或言语。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始相信，权力是一种激励人们进步的能力，而成功的领导只能通过你周围人的成功和幸福来衡量。A. inspire激励，鼓舞；B. ask问；C. order命令；D. beg乞求。根据上文“my father was also a 　　　　 who helped others learn to find themselves, rather than direct their actions or words through 　　　　”可知，父亲作为领导的所作所为让作者意识到权力是一种激励人们进步的能力。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. friendship友谊；B. membership会员资格；C. hardship困难；D. leadership领导能力。根据上文“My sense of leadership has been shaped by my father”和下文“is another mode of leadership”可知，此处是信息词leadership的词汇复现。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于这种理解，我一直积极参加高中的同伴辅导项目。A. maintained维持，坚持；B. noticed注意；C. refused拒绝；D. known知道，了解。根据“my high school’s peer tutoring program.”可知，作者一直坚持参加高中的同伴辅导项目。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我也希望成为一名教师，这段经历使我更好地了解了帮助人们克服教育障碍所需的技能。A. player运动员；B. father父亲；C. programmer程序员；D. teacher老师。根据“help people”和“their educational obstacles.”可知，作者希望成为一名老师。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. encounter遭遇，遇到；B. overcome克服；C. establish建立；D. ignore忽视。根据“their educational obstacles.”可知，作者想帮助人们克服教育障碍。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：体育教练是我希望保留的另一种领导方式。A. music音乐；B. sport运动；C. dance舞蹈；D. science科学。根据“Powerlifting has had a major place in my after-school life.”可知，作者希望保留体育教练这种领导方式。故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现力量运动的环境真地很容易达到，因为每个人都可以参与其中。A. accessible可到达的，可接近的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. competitive有竞争性的；D. clean干净的。根据“because everyone can participate in it.”可知，力量运动的环境真地很容易达到。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，它强调合作与支持。A. stresses强调；B. compares比较；C. avoids避免；D. replaces取代，代替。根据“cooperation and support”可知，力量运动强调合作与支持。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这又回到了鼓励他人成功和幸福的衡量标准。A. money钱；B. action行动；C. happiness幸福，快乐；D. fame名声，名誉。根据上文“is measured only by the success and well-being of the people around you.”可知，此处指幸福。故选C。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成为一个更有效的领导者的途径来自于与他人建立联系和发展技能，所以最终你的领导能力自然来自于你多年工作的经验和能力。A. demanding要求高的；B. selfish自私的；C. effective有效的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据“establishing bonds and developing skills alongside other people”可知，与他人建立联系和发展技能是成为一个更有效的领导者的途径。故选C。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wildly疯狂地；B. naturally自然地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. formally正式地。根据“from your experience and abilities you’ve practiced over years of work.”可知，最终你的领导能力自然来自于你多年工作的经验和能力。故选B。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过提升自己和他人，我们最终成为一个真正的领导者和教育家。A. playing with和……一起玩；B. lifting up举起，提升；C. showing off炫耀；D. giving away捐赠。根据上文“My sense of leadership has been shaped by my father, whose 25 years in public education have positively impacted many students”可知，想要最终成为一个真正的领导者和教育家，就需要提升自己和他人。故选B。
【答案】1. believed 2. popularity 3. how 4. and 5. are placed 6. Separating 7. the 8. in 9. committed 10. picky 【详解】本文主要讲解了中国“斗蛐蛐”这一传统运动项目的历史。具体介绍了“斗蛐蛐”的规则、 “斗蛐蛐”对于山东宁阳县经济的拉动作用，并通过 Zhao Jiuling 这一斗蛐蛐爱好者的视角介绍了蛐蛐的饮食等习惯。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：秋天是中国斗蛐蛐的季节，这项运动被认为可以追溯到一千多年前。句子谓语动词是marks，空格处填入非谓语动词，“sport”和believe之间为被动关系，此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填believed。 2. 考查名词。句意：近年来，它受到了新一代的欢迎。此处应用名词作宾语， 这里是指斗蛐蛐这一运动在最近几年受到了新一代人的欢迎，popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。 3. 考查表语从句连接词。句意：以下是这个运动是如何操作的。根据后文介绍“斗蛐蛐”的规则可知这里应该是介绍方式，故用连接副词“how”引导表语从句。故填how。 4. 考查连词。句意：两只蛐蛐——通常是雄性——称重至最接近的百分之一克，然后按体重级别配对。根据句意以及横线后的“then”可知这里的“be weighed”和“paired off”应该是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 5. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它们被放置在一个接近餐盘大小的透明塑料环中，并用分隔墙将两种昆虫分开。主语“They”指“蛐蛐”，和动词place(放置)是被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据本段时态可知，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，be动词用are，故填are placed。 6. 考查with的复合结构。句意同上。结合空格前的with可知用with的复合结构，墙将两只蛐蛐分隔开来，故“a dividing wall”和“sperate”之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填separating。 7. 考查定冠词。句意：一名裁判密切监视着这些小拳击手，记录它们进攻和撤退的次数。这里指“记录好蛐蛐进攻和撤退的次数”，the number of…意为“……的数量”。故填the。 8. 考查介词。句意：山东宁阳县出产的蛐蛐特别受欢迎，每年的销售额约为6亿元人民币。这里的意思是宁阳县每年蛐蛐的销售收入可以赚到6亿人民币，bring in意为“赚得”。故填in。 9. 考查形容词。句意：Zhao Jiuling是一个斗蛐蛐忠实爱好者。这里用形容词作定语，修饰后面的“cricket competitor”，committed意为“尽心尽力的，忠诚的，坚定的”，形容词，故填committed。 10. 考查形容词。句意：“它们对食物和配偶都非常挑剔，”他说。此处应用形容词picky作表语，be picky about…意为“对……挑剔”，故填picky。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【26】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考二模)
Big Thinkers Series
The 2022 Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks, covering a wide range of topics by world-class scientist speakers and experts. If you are curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.
Save 20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just 13 per lecture (available by early booking).
Reality+: From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David Chalmers
In this talk, philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse-style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.
What we don’t know about gravity with Claudia de Rham
We are all familiar with the concept of gravity. In this talk, Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover.
A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel
From Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5,000-year history of how science is used to mark time. Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.
Physics at the End of the universe with Katie Mack
The Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last 13. 8 billion years. But how does the story end Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics tells us about the final fate of the universe.
1. How much does a series ticket cost
A. 13. B. 20. C. 30. D. 32.
2. What will Chad Orzel lecture in
A. The genuine reality. B. The secrets of gravity.
C. The history of time marking. D. The final fate of the universe.
3. What do the four talks have in common
A. They are all aimed at science lovers. B. They are all concerned with gravity.
C. They will all be given by bestselling authors. D. They will all be given by excellent physicians.
B
（2023·湖北襄阳·襄阳四中校考模拟预测）
For years, I rejected this part of myself, until I realized what I was missing.
I used to be proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present, all southern. While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and uneducated, ignorant and narrow-minded. In that awkward stage between teenager and adult, my accent was a symbol of everything I hated about my life in the rural South.
The process of getting rid of my accent began in high school with Gilmore Girls. After each episode, I’d stand before a mirror, practicing the characters’ lines in an effort to speak like a “normal” white upper-middle-class girl. Eventually, I was successful at breaking down my tongue and rebuilding it. Every time I was asked where I was from, I would say “near Memphis” or make an ambiguous statement about my country background.
Now I’m living in a big city with a respectable job downtown. Every step I walk from the train station to the office seems victorious. However, I’ve been pretending and I’m fed up with it. Occasionally my old self escapes from my lips when encouraged by an extra glass of whiskey, but I unconsciously go back to the safety of the unaccented minutes later, making me feel as if I’m a fraud — a girl who forgets where she comes from. Then gradually I’ve become kind of homesick that leads me to put on the old Highwomen record and dance around, singing with all the accent s I’ve got left.
My grandmother used to tell me, “Girl, don’t you forget where you come from ” Memories are fading by time but this one has remained impressed on my mind. So, I decide to move back. I’m still searching for what it means to be southern, but now I’m doing it with all the “y’alls”, and “ain’ts” I’ve kept back for so long.
4．Why did the author decide to get rid of her southern accent
A．Because she hated the southern rural life. B．Because it reflected her shameful past.
C．Because it made her laughed at by others. D．Because she was misled by prejudice.
5．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．The author learnt the language well. B．The author managed to rebuild her accent.
C．The author made a white upper class girl. D．The author finally succeeded in big cities.
6．What contributed most to the author’s return to her southern accent
A．Her grandmother’s words. B．Her homesickness.
C．Her boredom of pretending. D．Her over-drinking.
7．What message does the passage want to convey
A．Everyone has his dark secret. B．God helps those who help themselves.
C．There’s always a silver lining in the cloud. D．You should never compromise who you are.
C
（2023·云南·师范大学附属中学高三试题）
Lately, it’s felt like technological change has entered an incredible panies like OpenAI and Google have unveiled new Artificial Intelligence systems with incredible capabilities, making what once seemed like science fiction an everyday reality. It’s an era that is raising big, existential questions for us all, about everything from the future of human existence to the future of human work.
“Things are changing so fast,” says Erik Brynjolfsson, a leading, technology-focused economist based at Stanford University. As he notes, this new wave of technological change looks like it could be pretty different. Unlike before, experienced and skilled workers benefited mostly from AI technology. In this new wave, it’s the less experienced and less skilled workers who benefit the most. “And that might be helpful in terms of closing some of the inequality that previous technologies actually promoted,” Brynjolfsson says. So one benefit of intelligence machines is—maybe —they will improve the know-how and smarts of low performers, thereby reducing inequality.
But it’s also possible that AI could lower the profit of the experienced, smart, or knowledgeable ones. AI could reduce inequality by bringing the bottom up, and it could also reduce inequality by bringing the top and middle down.
Of course, as Erik put, it’s also possible that Al could end up increasing inequality even more. For one, it could make the Big AI companies, which own these powerful new systems, wildly rich. It could also empower business owners to replace more and more workers with intelligent machines. And it could kill jobs for all but the best of the best in various industries, who keep their jobs because maybe they’re superstars or because maybe they have seniority.
The effects of AI, of course, are still very much being studied-and these systems are evolving fast — so this is just an assumption. This machine intelligence could upend much of the previous thinking on which kinds of jobs will be affected by automation.
8．What do the underlined words “the know-how and smarts” mean in paragraph 2
A．Experience and intelligence. B．Skills and potential.
C．Abilities and experience. D．Outlook and talents.
9．Who will gain more in this new AI era
A．The senior with high rank. B．The new with little experience.
C．The learned with great credit. D．The poor with practical skills.
10．Which statement will Erik probably agree with
A．The fast development of AI will promote the division of inequality.
B．The best of all walks of life will survive the competition against AI systems.
C．Giant AI companies will be the winner in the future world of new AI systems.
D．Lower rank workers with little knowledge are bound to be abandoned by employers.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Fast Growth of the World B．The Influence of the Inequality
C．The Impact of the AI System D．The Future of the AI Generation
D
（2023·辽宁鞍山·统考二模）
We have long been attracted by quick solutions that could increase our intelligence. Today, people’s hopes lie in brain training apps, some of which claim to result in “smarter minds”. But is this quick solution all it is said to be
There are plenty of brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术), memory tests and logic and pattern-matching problems into quick games. Some apps tell us that the more you play these mini-games, the smarter you will get. It is really a big promise.
Many of the apps say they are based on “science”, a claim I found surprising as a former neuroscientist (神经系统科学家). The concept that increasing intelligence would be as simple as practicing a few mini-games every day flies in the face of what we have discovered about how humans think and learn.
After surveying thousands of users across a wide variety of apps, researchers at Western University in Canada discovered that brain training had no great effect on cognitive (认知的) functioning in the real world. The positive effects that have been found are limited to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills.
If you are expecting them to improve your ability to write a novel or make a complex computer program, I am afraid you will want to look elsewhere. Puzzle video games such as “Baba Is You” and “Return of the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at logic, memory and concentration in a far more complex way than any brain training mini-game.
12．What does the author say about brain training apps
A．They have scientific support. B．They work in the form of games.
C．They require problem-solving skills. D．They are based on complex arithmetic.
13．What does the underlined part “flies in the face of” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Goes into details of. B．Takes advantage of.
C．Goes against. D．Comes from.
14．Which best describes the effects that brain training apps have on memory
A．Limited. B．Indirect. C．Damaging. D．Far-reaching.
15．What is the author’s attitude to “Baba Is You”
A．Doubtful. B．Intolerant. C．Uninterested. D．Favorable.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江温州·统考一模）
A majority of the people do not read the classics. Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. 16 We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. 17 Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
18 Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. 19 Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. 20 Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A．It is a gradual affair.
B．Allow the book to grow with you.
C．It has some form of historical influence.
D．Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E．Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F．Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G．Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·上海青浦·高三统考期末）
I’m pretty good at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad relationships, unpleasant workplaces, 1 sports — I’ve hung on for months and even years longer than I should have, convinced the situation would 2 if I refused to give up.
After all, isn’t every success story littered with 3 Didn’t Beyoncé lose Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired from her first TV job Quitting is a sign that you lack patience and strong will, or so I was raised to believe.
4 , if I look back on all the things I eventually quit, my only regret is that I didn’t do it sooner. I’ve wasted immeasurable time and energy dragging my heels, determined that I could 5 everyone if I just kept going.
All of us are constantly making tricky choices between going further into familiar territory and 6 to expand our horizons. This is known as the exploration-exploitation trade-off. When we are younger, it’s advantageous to go far on the side of exploration, trying lots of new things because we have plenty of time to 7 later. But as we age, it’s often smarter to double down.
Of course, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it. Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy (谬误): People are more likely to 8 something if they’ve invested a lot of money or effort into it, even when it’s clear that they should 9 their losses and jump ship. This practice is normal and 10 , but it’s also unreasonable. If an activity or relationship is making you miserable, that’s important information you shouldn’t ignore.
If you don’t get energy out of doing something, it can be a(n) 11 that this is not for you or that there’s something better you could be doing. Or it could be a sign that you should 12 your goals. Maybe your yogurt startup might not win over investors, but you could still make and sell yogurt at the farmers’ market on weekends.
In fact, dogged persistence in the face of energy-sucking disappointment can 13 depression, and then make you suffer from diseases in the long run.
But the good news is that people can learn to pay better attention to these moments when they’re happening and make 14 . The art of quitting isn’t about just letting go whenever there’s an obstacle. It’s about being able to let go when there’s no 15 to success anymore.
1．A．engaging B．demanding C．inevitable D．leisure
2．A．worsen B．occur C．improve D．continue
3．A．frustrations B．determinations C．attempts D．inspirations
4．A．Therefore B．Additionally C．For example D．However
5．A．amaze B．scare C．distress D．compliment
6．A．breaking up B．looking up C．standing up D．backing up
7．A．venture B．specialize C．explore D．relax
8．A．benefit from B．approve of C．stick with D．withdraw from
9．A．evaluate B．avoid C．overlook D．cut
10．A．human B．crazy C．sensible D．tricky
11．A．indication B．desire C．occasion D．recognition
12．A．accomplish B．upgrade C．modify D．maintain
13．A．prevent B．trigger C．relieve D．contract
14．A．researches B．choices C．changes D．resolutions
15．A．shortcut B．barrier C．guarantee D．pathway
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·河南省名校学术联盟高考信息卷&押题卷英语试题（三））
It is more than six decades since the death of Lei Feng, a young soldier who showed selfless 1 (devote) to duty, and yet the “Lei Feng Spirit” is still alive, 2 (inspire) a new generation of Chinese people.
Ye Zigui, deputy leader of the Lei Feng Squad (班) — the current name of the military unit in 3 the heroic soldier served—is in no doubt that this spirit should 4 (pass) on to the next generation.
This year marks 5 60th Lei Feng Day, an event aimed at celebrating the life and spirit of this young soldier 6 (annual), who devoted his spare time and money to helping the needy. He died in an accident in 1962 at the age of 22. In 1963, Chairman Mao Zedong called on the nation 7 (learn) from Lei Feng, with posters put on display featuring Lei in his uniform and a cotton hat, 8 he quickly became a public role model with great appeal.
In the Lei Feng Squad, the 9 (importance) role model of Chinese people for generations can be seen everywhere; his statue, his photos and copies of his diary are displayed in the room. On the wall 10 (be) shining red characters that read, “The former squad leader is always with us.”
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍《新科学家》举办的2022年大思想家系列活动的四场在 线讲座。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Save 20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just 13 per lecture (available by early booking).(购买“大思想家”系列所有四场演讲的系列票(可按需购买)或购买单场票价仅为13英镑(可提前预 订)，可以节省标准票价20英镑)”可知，单场的票价是13英镑，购买一个系列可以节约20英镑，因此买一 个系列的票价为：4×13-20=32（英镑）。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据A Brief History of Time keeping with Chad Orzel 部分的“From Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5, 000-year history of how science is used to mark time. Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.(从巨石阵到原子钟，这是5000年来科学如何用来标记时间的历史。Chad Orzel 是国际畅销书《如何教你的狗量子物理》的作者，他通过科学理论和离奇的历史细节为我们提供了一段诙 谐的旅程)”可知，Chad Orzel的讲座是关于时间标记的历史。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If you are curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.(如果你对你的星球或宇宙感到好奇，那么这个系列是你听到最新研究的地方)”可知， 这四个讲座的共同之处是它们都是针对科学爱好者。故选A。
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的南方口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，决定找回自己的南方口音。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and uneducated, ignorant and narrow-minded. In that awkward stage between teenager and adult, my accent was a symbol of everything I hated about my life in the rural South.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被视为没有文化、没有受过教育、无知和心胸狭窄。在青少年和成年人之间的尴尬阶段，我的口音象征着我讨厌的南方农村生活的一切)”可知，作者被别人对南方人的偏见误导，决定改掉自己的南方口音，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The process of getting rid of my accent began in high school with Gilmore Girls. After each episode, I’d stand before a mirror, practicing the characters’ lines in an effort to speak like a ‘normal’ white upper-middle-class girl. Eventually, I was successful at breaking down my tongue and rebuilding it.(摆脱口音的过程始于高中的Gilmore Girls。每集结束后，我都会站在镜子前，练习角色的台词，努力让自己说话像一个‘正常’的白人中上层女孩。最终，我成功地打破了我的说话方式并重建了起来)”可知，本段主要讲述作者花费很大力气去模仿Gilmore Girls剧中角色的台词，最后成功改掉了自己的南方口音，故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“However, I’ve been pretending and I’m fed up with it.(然而，我一直在假装，我受够了)”可知，作者受够了一直假装，决定找回自己的南方口音，故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合倒数第二段中“but I unconsciously go back to the safety of the unaccented minutes later, making me feel as if I’m a fraud — a girl who forgets where she comes from.(这让我觉得自己好像是个骗子——一个忘记自己来自哪里的女孩)”和最后一段中“My grandmother used to tell me, ‘Girl, don’t you forget where you come from ’ Memories are fading by time but this one has remained impressed on my mind. So, I decide to move back.(我的祖母曾经对我说：‘女孩，你不要忘记你来自哪里吗？’记忆随着时间的流逝而褪色，但这一件事却深深地印在我的脑海里。所以，我决定回来)”可知，文章主要讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，决定找回自己的南方口音，所以本文想要传达的是“永远不要妥协，做真实的自己”，故选D。
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了经济学家Erik就OpenAI等新兴人工智能公司所触发的新人工智能对人类未来可能产生的影响的研究。 8. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“In this new wave, it’s the less experienced and less skilled workers who benefit the most.”（在这股新浪潮中，经验不足、技术含量较低的工人受益最大。）可知，智能机器的一个益处就是提升较低的工作表现者的经验和智力，从而推断出划线短语the know-how and smarts在句中意为“经验和智力”，和A项“经验和智力”意思相同。故选A项。 9. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In this new wave, it’s the less experienced and less skilled workers who benefit the most.”（在这股新浪潮中，经验不足、技术含量较低的工人受益最大。）可知，在新的人工智能时代受益最多的是经验不足的新人。故选B项。 10. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Of course, as Erik put, it’s also possible that Al could end up increasing inequality even more. For one, it could make the Big AI companies, which own these powerful new systems, wildly rich.”(当然，正如Erik所说，人工智能最终也有可能进一步加剧不平等。首先，它可以让拥有这些强大新系统的大型人工智能公司变得非常富有。）可知，Erik赞同的观点是巨型人工智能公司将成为未来新人工智能系统世界的赢家。故选C项。 11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“So one benefit of intelligence machines is—maybe —they will improve the know-how and smarts of low performers, thereby reducing inequality.”（因此，智能机器的一个好处是——也许——它们将提高低绩效者的专业知识和智慧，从而减少不平等。）及第三段“Of course, as Erik put, it’s also possible that Al could end up increasing inequality even more.”（当然，正如Erik所说，人工智能最终也有可能进一步加剧不平等。）及最后一段“The effects of AI, of course, are still very much being studied-and these systems are evolving fast — so this is just an assumption.”（当然，人工智能的影响仍在研究中，这些系统正在快速发展——所以这只是一个假设。）可知，本文主要通过人工智能对工作者和加剧了社会不平等两个方面讲述了人工智能的影响，C项“人工智能的影响”符合题意。故选C项。
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了大脑训练应用程序在提高认知能力和智力方面的有效性，说明了虽然这些应用程序可以提高一些特定技能，例如算术和记忆能力，但对其他技能的益处有限，并且它们的整体有效性是值得怀疑的。作者还建议，解谜视频游戏可能提供了一种更复杂和有效的训练认知能力的方式。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There are plenty of brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术), memory tests and logic and pattern-matching problems into quick games. (有很多大脑训练应用程序，但它们都有相后的特点：它们将简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑和模式匹配问题等心理练习变成了快速游戏。)”可知，脑力训练应用程序的共同点是：把简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑匹配等脑力练习变成了快速游戏，它们以游戏的形式发挥作用。故选B项。 13．短语猜测题。根据第二段中“Some apps tell us that the more you play these mini-games, the smarter you will get. It is really a big promise. (一些应用程序告诉我们，你玩这些迷你游戏越多，你就会变得越聪明。这真的是一个很大的承诺。)”可知，作者认为靠玩游戏变聪明是一个很大的承诺。结合第四段中“The positive effects that have been found are limited to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，通过玩游戏进行的脑力训练对认知功能等其他技能没有好处，故可知这一很大的承诺并不能达成。因此，可推测作者认为脑力训练的理念违背了人类思考和学习的原理，并未达到预期效果。故可推测短语flies in the face of 意为“与……相反”故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段“The positive effects that have been found are limited to the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained on, such as the ability to memorize lists of words or numbers, or perform mental arithmetic, with little benefit to other skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，已知的脑力训练的积极影响仅限于非常特定的一些小游戏和训练任务，但对其他技能几乎没有好处。由此推知，脑力训练对记忆力的提高具有局限性。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Puzzle video games such as “Baba Is You” and “Return of the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at logic, memory and concentration in a far more complex way than any brain training mini-game. (益智电子游戏，如“Baba Is You”和“Return of the Obra Dinn”使玩家能够以比任何脑力训练迷你游戏复杂得多的方式运用他们的逻辑、记忆和注意力技巧。)”可知，作者认为“Baba Is You”和“Return of the Obra Dinn”这类益智游戏更能激发玩家在逻辑、记忆和注意力方面的能力，其复杂程度远超过任何脑力训练小游戏。由此推知，作者是对“Baba ls You”这类益智游戏持赞成态度。故选D项。
【答案】16．A 17．E 18．D 19．F 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何阅读经典书籍的方法。 16．根据上文“Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. (对经典的喜爱显然不是一见钟情)”及下文“We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. (我们开始是熟人，最终因为私下里的笑话而成为亲密的朋友)”可知，对经典的喜爱是一个循序渐进的过程。由此可知，A. It is a gradual affair. (这是一个循序渐进的过程)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 17．根据下文“Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn. (相反，你应该为自己的尝试感到自豪，并为你将学到的所有新事物感到兴奋)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系。由此可知，E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something. (永远不要因为不知道而责怪自己)能够与下文形成语义的转折，符合语境。故选E。 18．根据本段小标题“Research, research, research. (研究，研究，再研究)”可知，本段主要建议要做研究。由此可知，D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging. (在你翻到第一页之前，做一些调查)符合本段主旨，符合语境。故选D。 19．根据下文“Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula. (深吸一口气，然后跳上梅尔维尔的《裴廓德号》的甲板，或者小心翼翼地穿过德古拉城堡的大门)”可知，此处在讲述读书的具体做法。由此可知，F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity. (提醒自己这是一个新的学习机会)能够衔接下文，属于真正开始读书前的思想准备工作，符合语境。故选F。 20．根据上文“There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process.(阅读经典文本没有完美的方法。没有明确的解释，没有单一的、精确的答案。作为读者，你的目标是发现哪些方面和见解对你有意义。享受这个过程)”可知，阅读经典文本时，应用进行思考。由此可知，G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically. (思考让你困惑的是什么，用心阅读，批判性思考)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论证如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失，及时停止，但他们还要坚持下去。作者告诉我们要学会调整目标，及时止损。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：糟糕的人际关系，令人不快的工作场所，苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年，比我应该坚持的时间更长，我确信如果我拒绝放弃，情况会有所改善。A. engaging有趣的；B. demanding要求高的，苛刻的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. leisure闲暇的 。根据上文的“Bad relationships, unpleasant workplaces”可知，作者描述生活中的消极现象，所以是苛刻的运动。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：糟糕的人际关系，令人不快的工作场所，苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年，比我应该坚持的时间更长，我确信如果我拒绝放弃，情况会有所改善。A. worsen恶化；B. occur发生；C. improve改善；D. continue继续。根据下文的“if I refused to give up”可知，作者认为如果不放弃，情况就会改善。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，不是每个成功的故事都充满了挫折吗？A. frustrations沮丧；挫败；B. determinations决心；C. attempts尝试；D. inspirations给与灵感的人或物。根据下文“Didn’t Beyoncé lose Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired from her first TV job ”可知，成功都充满挫折。故选A项。 4．考查副词词义和短语辨析。句意：然而，如果我回顾我最终放弃的所有事情，我唯一的遗憾是我没有早点放弃。A. Therefore然而；B. Additionally另外；C. For example例如；D. However然而。结合句意可知，本句与上文是转折关系。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拖着脚步浪费了不可估量的时间和精力，坚定地认为如果我继续前进，我会让所有人感到惊讶。A. amaze使惊讶；B. scare吓唬；C. distress使苦恼；D. compliment赞美。根据下文“if I just kept going”可知，作者最初认为如果一直坚持，就会取得成功，会让每一个人吃惊。故选A项。 6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都在不断做出艰难的选择，要么深入熟悉的领域，要么后退以扩大视野。A. breaking up关系破裂；B. looking up查阅；C. standing up起立；D. backing up后退。根据上文的“going further ”可知，我们在前进和后退中做艰难的选择。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们年轻的时候，在探索方面走得更远，尝试很多新事物是有利的，因为我们以后有足够的时间去专门研究。A. venture冒险；B. specialize专门研究；C. explore探索；D. relax放松。根据上文的“When we are younger, it’s advantageous to go far on the side of exploration, trying lots of new things ”可知，年轻时我们要多探索，因为之后我们有时间去专门研究。故选B项。 8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽，他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. benefit from从……中受益；B. approve of批准；C. stick with坚持；D. withdraw from退出。根据上文“this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it.”可知，人们因为自己投入的多，所以不愿放弃，更有可能会坚持下去。故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽，他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. evaluate评价；B. avoid避免；C. overlook忽视；D. cut削减。根据上文“Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy”可知，人们应该减少损失，及时止损。故选D项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种做法是正常和人性化的，但也不合理。A. human人性化的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. sensible明智的；D. tricky棘手的。根据上文“People are more likely to ____8_____ something if they’ve invested a lot of money or effort into it, even when it’s clear that they should ____9_____ their losses and jump ship ”可知，人们因为投入的多，所以不愿放弃，这是人之常情。故选A项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有从做某事中获得能量，这可能表明这不适合你，或者你可以做一些更好的事情。A. indication表明，暗示；B. desire欲望；C. occasion场合；D. recognition识别。根据下文的“Or it could be a sign that ”可知，这是一个暗示。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者这可能是一个迹象，表明你应该修改你的目标。A. accomplish完成；B. upgrade升级；C. modify修改；D. maintain保持。根据上文“If you don’t get energy out of doing something ”可知，如果你没有从做某事中获得能量，就应该去修改你的目标。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，面对消耗能量的失望，顽强的坚持会引发抑郁，从长远来看，还会让你患上疾病。A. prevent阻止；B. trigger触发；C. relieve解除；D. contract缩小。根据下文“depression, and then make you suffer from diseases in the long run.”可知，这种坚持会引起抑郁，并节日导致疾病。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但好消息是，人们可以学会更好地关注这些正在发生的时刻，并做出改变。A. researches研究；B. choices选择；C.changes改变；D. resolutions决心。根据上文的“Or it could be a sign that you should ____12____ your goals”可知，人们可以做出改变。故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是在没有成功的通道时能够放手。A. shortcut捷径；B. barrier障碍；C. guarantee保证；D. pathway途径。根据句意以及全文内容可知，在没有通向成功的道路时，人们应该学会放手。故选D项。
【答案】1．devotion 2．inspiring 3．which 4．be passed 5．the 6．annually 7．to learn 8．and 9．important 10．are 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了雷锋精神的传承。 1．考查名词。句意：雷锋是一名无私奉献的青年军人，他去世已经60多年了，但“雷锋精神”仍然存在，激励着新一代中国人。根据前文who showed可知，此处应用其名词devotion(不可数)作宾语。故填devotion。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词，动词inspire和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语。故填inspiring。 3．考查定语从句。句意：叶子贵，雷锋队副队长认为，毫无疑问，这种精神应该传递给下一代，雷锋队是这位英勇战士所在部队的现名。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the military unit，指代事物，在介词in后作宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．考查被动语态。句意：同上。在同位语从句中动词pass和主语this spirit之间是被动关系，故用其被动结构和should构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be passed。 5．考查冠词。句意：今年是第60个雷锋日，一年一度的庆祝活动旨在纪念这位年轻士兵的生活和精神，他把业余时间和金钱都用于帮助有需要的人。序数词60th前应用定冠词。故填the。 6．考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词celebrating应用副词。故填annually。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：1963年，毛泽东主席号召全国人民向雷锋学习，张贴了身穿军装、头戴棉帽的雷锋宣传画，并使他迅速成为具有号召力的公众楷模。call on sb to do sth“号召某人干某事”是固定用法，不定式作宾补。故填to learn。 8．考查连词。句意：同上。后文he quickly became a public role model with great appeal和前文是并列关系。故填and。 9．考查形容词。句意：在雷锋队，随处可见中国人民几代人的重要榜样；他的雕像，他的照片和他的日记副本陈列在房间里。修饰名词短语role model应用形容词。故填important。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：墙上写着“前任班长永远和我们在一起”的红色大字。本句为倒装句，主语characters是复数，且描述现状，用一般现在时。主谓一致，故填are。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【27】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·广东·华南师大附中校考三模)
The best literary festivals 2023 across the UK to book now
Kite Festival
9-11 June
New last year, this literary festival held in the grounds of spectacular stately home Kirtlington Park in Oxfordshire is the first of its kind, combining music and breakthrough ideas to create a unique programme featuring live performances and interactive discussions. Over the Kite Festival weekend, you’ll find award-winning authors sharing their insights on crafting stories and electronic pop legends headlining on the Saturday night.
Primadonna
28-30 July
Held at the Museum of East Anglian Life in Suffolk, Primadonna prides itself on creating a space for works by women and those whose voices might not otherwise be heard. There are insightful workshops covering everything, including sessions on how to get your foot in the door of the publishing world. The family-friendly event also has plenty to keep kids occupied, from craft activities to entertaining talks from big-name writers.
Queen’s Park Book Festival
2-3 September
Queen’s Park Book Festival is the only one in the capital to be held in a public park, making it a low-key affair that feels more like a garden party than a full-blown festival. Alongside writers’ discussions on their latest works, you’ll find performance poetry events hosted by hip-hop verse maestro Poetcurious and nightly parties once the sun sets.
Henley Literary Festival
30 September-8 October
Henley is home to an impressive literary festival, which takes places over a week in October at various venues throughout the town, including the grand riverside private members’ club Phyllis Court and the historic town hall. Alongside main events featuring famous writers, there’s also a hugely popular children’s festival, where little bookworms get the chance to come face-to-face with their favourite authors.
1. Which festival promotes less-read writers
A. Kite Festival. B. Primadonna.
C. Queen’s Park Book Festival. D. Henley Literary Festival.
2. Where can visitors enjoy performances
A. Kite Festival & Primadonna.
B. Primadonna & Henley Literary Festival.
C. Kite Festival & Queen’s Park Book Festival.
D. Queen’s Park Book Festival & Henley Literary Festival.
3. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To introduce a special book festival. B. To promote local activities for families.
C. To inform readers of some literary events. D. To provide introductions about famous authors.
B
（2023·江苏·统考模拟预测）
On an extremely cold December night, fire trucks arrived in the sleepy little town of Manton, Michigan and shot to Chittle’s home. Was it because of a fire or a child climbing too high to a dangerous place Rather, it was for helping make a dream come true.
Outdoor activities and a slow pace of life are a mainstay in this rural town. When people were unable to leave the community, Scott Chittle decided they needed a safe place to come together and something joyful during the winter months. And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside than ice skating
To fulfil his dream, Chittle downloaded instructions on how to build an ice rink and then ordered a 3,000 square foot waterproof cloth and some wood to create walls online. It took 12 fire trucks to get enough water to fill the plot.
It took a little time and some neighborly persuasion as Chittle went door to door to convince people to come to see his creation, and soon Chittle’s backyard ice rink became a Manton hot spot. Children were skating and shooting, a fire was burning, and hot chocolate was steaming in to-go cups. “When things were tough, it was a place,” says Chittle’s neighbor Audrey Hooker. “It was fantastic because we just came together and became calm and happy instead of concerned.”
But the goodwill didn’t stop with Chittle. When the community heard how much money he used to make this project happen, everyone stepped forward. A fundraiser brought in about $1,300, and letters flooded to Chittle’s home stuffed with cash. “Almost 30 complete strangers knocked on my door to just shake my hand and say thank you, most of them handing me money as well and three asking for a hug,” says Chittle. “This has been a community thing. It’s more than me. I want to show the rest of the world what a little effort and the best intentions can do.”
4．Why did fire trucks come to Manton
A．To deal with an emergency. B．To send water to the community.
C．To ensure people’s safety in the town. D．To help with Chittle building the ice rink.
5．What did Chittle do to carry out his project
A．Persuade his neighbors to make donations. B．Purchase a piece of land behind his house.
C．Turn to the Internet for tips and materials. D．Research the popular lifestyles in Manton.
6．How did the ice rink affect the community
A．It made the community popular in Mantan. B．It slowed down the pace of the residents’ life.
C．It offered people there comfort and company. D．It inspired the residents to do outdoor activities.
7．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean
A．Everyone could make a difference to society. B．Chittle received acts of kindness from others.
C．The community got better due to the ice rink. D．Chittle had goodwill to the whole community.
C
（2023·江西宜春·宜丰中学高三试题）
Some people say that the planet is getting smaller, that there are few places left to explore, and that the age of exploration will be over soon.
I would argue instead that there has never been a greater need to explore. That’s because the stage for all exploration is the natural world, and nature is experiencing a rapid decline. It is by exploring that we understand and when we understand we develop an appreciation for what is found. Ultimately, only the things we appreciate are worth protecting.
As the golden age of exploration weakens, so does the richness of life on Earth. It isn’t just that there are fewer blank areas on the map; it is that wild places and spaces have been progressively carved up (瓜分). Visiting the Okavango Delta or Kalahari Desert, for example, no longer implies a self-supported expedition. Field stations pop up in important national parks and remote sensing by satellite becomes commonplace.
In the next century, I believe we will need larger and wilder areas. We will need the wilderness, not just for the protection of it, but because it is an important part of the ecosystems from which we gain our necessities like clean water, food and materials. If we succeed, then expeditions — brief travels into the wild that seek to answer questions, monitor populations, and inspire action — will have a renewed sense of purpose. More importantly, they greatly help the public experience, understand and appreciate nature.
Based on my own research expedition which aims to understand “edge effects” — how the changes in temperature at forest edges impact animals, I find it important that today’s scientists continue to spend time in the field. It is here that they begin to understand how seemingly unrelated environmental interactions influence their study system. Sometimes, it’s difficult to know which is important to measure until you stand out there on the forest edge.
It is the young generation that is the main force to lead the next wave of expeditions. The measure of their success will be whether there are still well-preserved wild places for expeditions in the future. Their leadership is needed now, more than ever.
8．What’s the purpose of this text
A．To suggest understanding nature by keeping exploring.
B．To advise people not to travel to unknown places.
C．To inform us about the reduced biodiversity.
D．To call on the public to support the study.
9．What can we know about the expedition in wild spaces from Paragraph 3
A．It is difficult for explorers to make progress.
B．It is more accessible with the help of technology.
C．It promotes the development of satellite technology.
D．It requires explorers to take sufficient heavy equipment.
10．What does the underlined part “pop up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Appear unexpectedly. B．Close temporarily.
C．Develop quickly. D．Differ greatly.
11．What does the author realize after his research expedition
A．The significance of scientists’ field trip.
B．The difficulty of carrying out fieldwork.
C．The need to expand the edges of forests.
D．The influence of his study on the environment.
D
（2023·河北·高三校联考一模）
Even though people have been paralyzed (瘫痪的) playing sports like rugby and football, extreme sports take the whole ordeal (磨难) to the next level. Sports like downhill cycling are very dangerous because one would be going downhill, over rocky or dirt zone, through forests, even at potentially deadly speeds. A slip up could be your downfall.
Nobody who gets into extreme sports goes with the desire to do harm to themselves. With that, athletes train for years and years before they attempt anything extreme. To most people, extreme sports are extreme simply because they take more skill than what an average person has. An athlete with skill and training makes an extreme thing become a daily routine. That does not wipe out the danger, but it greatly reduces it.
Even when there is a lot of skill involved, things might not go the athlete’s way, not at all. Luck and circumstances have a lot to do with how things develop, whether above 8000 meters or in a wood, going downhill. In some places, crossing the street is an extreme sport, considering how wild traffic can get.
Some view parkour — the sports of running, jumping and climbing under, around and through buildings — as an extreme sport, while it is more of a life philosophy, where the athlete does not have to do anything remotely dangerous. Free soloing, which means climbing a rock or ice face without safety gear, is absolutely deadly, where one slip means almost certain death, depending on the height, of course. Skateboarding is relatively safe, but if you constantly find ridiculous places to practice on, like the fence of a bridge, then things can get very complicated. The extreme part depends on the athlete.
To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our reach of control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.
12．Why is downhill cycling mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To call for attention to extreme sports.
B．To introduce the origin of extreme sports.
C．To illustrate the danger of extreme sports.
D．To show the complexity of the extreme sports.
13．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about regarding extreme sports
A．Extreme sports differ from one another.
B．Skill matters a lot in maintaining safety.
C．Athlete’s luck is a key factor that influences safety.
D．Extreme sports are more dangerous than regular sports.
14．Which would best describe the author’s attitude towards the danger of extreme sports
A．Doubtful. B．Objective.
C．Intolerant. D．Uninterested.
15．Which of the following is the best title of the text
A．Do Extreme Sports Test Your Courage
B．Why Should Extreme Sports Be Banned
C．Why Do We Love Extreme Sports so Much
D．Are Extreme Sports Really That Dangerous
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考期中）
Some pals and I were in the midst of a pinball competition at a bar the other night when the machine kept breaking down. We called over a very busy employee who’s responsible for helping keep the place running. He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinball machine twice. 16 A couple of the guys immediately objected, saying the employee was just doing the job he was paid to do. I insisted and got the group to agree to the plan, although somewhat reluctantly.
My pinball wizard didn’t stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered 17 There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say they’re sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey.
18 I admit there are times I suspect the tipping thing has gone too far - say, when I’m at a self-checkout line and there’s still request to leave something extra. But I’m generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, I’ll assume they have financial reasons to do so. 19
Plus, tipping is good karma (因果报应). It’s always worth it to tip in unexpected situations- ones that don’t necessarily involve a hint on a payment screen. 20 He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play.
So next time, there must be no arguments with my friends when times come to tip.
A. This leads to what’s been called “tipping fatigue (疲劳)”
B. So, why am I willing to go against the trend and say yes
C. I suggested we tip him $10 and split the tip among all of us.
D. There’s an argument that we should ban tipping altogether.
E. Guess what happened next with my pinball-machine fixer at the bar
F. One dollar or two won’t make or break me, but it can possibly help with their rent.
G. Should they earn far below the minimum wage, employers must make up the difference.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·江西鹰潭·贵溪市实验中学高三第四次模拟检测）
When my daughter completes a task, I can’t help but praise her. It’s only natural to give praise where praise is 1 , right But is there such a thing as too much praise
According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t 2 from constant praise as much as we’d like to think. “Parents often praise, 3 they are building their child’s self-confidence. 4 over-praising can have a negative effect,” says Phillip. “When we use the same praise 5 , it may become empty and no longer 6 by the child. It can also become a (an) 7 that anything they do must be rewarded with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to 8 of disappointing their parents.”
Does this mean we should 9 all the praise Phillip says no. “The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process 10 the outcome. It is the recognition of a child’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is 11 ,” she says. “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.”
So how do we break the 12 of praise we’re all so accustomed (习惯) to Phillip says it’s important to 13 the distinction between “person praise” and “process praise”. “Person praise is simply saying how 14 someone is. It’s a form of personal judgement. Process praise is 15 of the efforts the person has just undertaken. Children who receive person praise, are more likely to feel shame after losing,” says Phillip.
1．A．normal B．intelligent C．due D．grateful
2．A．analyze B．define C．profit D．reflect
3．A．convincing B．believing C．claiming D．debating
4．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．However
5．A．merely B．rarely C．gradually D．repeatedly
6．A．constructed B．understood C．prized D．evaluated
7．A．curiosity B．potential C．virtue D．expectation
8．A．lack B．fear C．infection D．presence
9．A．do away with B．get away with C．look up to D．give way to
10．A．other than B．rather than C．or rather D．more than
11．A．emotional B．remarkable C．essential D．accessible
12．A．pattern B．custom C．tendency D．response
13．A．identify B．confirm C．clarify D．classify
14．A．annoying B．disturbing C．great D．crucial
15．A．completion B．objective C．consequence D．acknowledgement
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·江苏南京·南京外国语学校校考开学考试)
About 800 meters above sea level and next to the picturesque Taiping Lake, Houkeng village in Huangshan, a region in the south of Anhui province, seems 1 (bless) by nature and is home to the handmade tea variety.
Taiping Kowkui. Every spring 2 foggy days moisten the emerald hillsides, villagers know their harvest will come. “ 3 any of three key factors—proper location, plant variety, or processing technique—the perfect Kowkui will not be born,” Fang Jifan, the fifth-generation tea farmer says. “It’s 4 signature of our home.”
Kowkui’s exceptionally large leaves often lead to its 5 (mistake) for “vegetable” by first-time viewers, but this “king” of green tea in Fang’s eyes beats other 6 (variety) at more than just size. “Its 7 (fragrant) and flavor also stand out, thanks to the time- consuming work to process them.” Fang says.
Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China 8 (add) to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. “The tea culture not only reflects a refined taste in life, it also shows the beauty of craftsmanship 9 people’s creativity,” says Zheng Yi, deputy head of Anhui Tea Culture Research Society. “For centuries, the scent of tea leaves 10 (offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rooted in people’s everyday life.”
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是2023年英国最好的文学节的相关信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据Primadonna 部分的“Held at the Museum of East Anglian Life in Suffolk, Primadonna prides itself on creating a space for works by women and those whose voices might not otherwise be heard.(Primadonna 在 Suffolk 的 Museum of EastAnglian Life 举办，它为自己创造了一个空间，展示女性和那 些原本可能听不到他们声音的人的作品。)”可知，Primadonna会推广被较少阅读的作家，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据Kite Festival部分的“New last year,this literary festival held in the grounds of spectacular stately home Kirtlington Park in Oxfordshire is the first of its kind, combining music and breakthrough ideas to create a unique programme featuring live performances and interactive discussions.(去年，这个文学节在牛津郡壮 观的富丽堂皇的柯特灵顿公园举行，这是第一个这样的文学节，将音乐和突破性的想法结合起来，创造了 一个独特的节目，包括现场表演和互动讨论。)”和Queen’s Park Book Festival 部分的“Alongside writers’ discussions on their latest works, you’ll find performance poetry events hosted by hip-hop verse maestro Poetcurious and nightly parties once the sun sets.(除了作家们对他们最新作品的讨论，你还会发现嘻哈诗歌大 师Poetcurious 举办的表演诗歌活动和日落后的夜间派对。)”可知，游客在Kite Festival和Queen’s Park Book Festival 中可以欣赏表演。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据标题“The best literary festivals 2023 across the UK to book now(2023 年英国最好的文学节 现在开始预订)”可知，本文主要介绍的是2023年英国最好的文学节的相关信息，因此目的是告知读者一些 文学事件。故选C。
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于活动限制，Scot Chittle在社区建造了溜冰场，以供社区居民进行户外活动。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“On an extremely cold December night, fire trucks arrived in the sleepy little town of Manton, Michigan and shot to Chittle’s home.(在12月的一个寒冷的晚上，消防车到达了密歇根州沉睡的曼顿小镇，冲向了Chittle的家)”、第二段“And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside than ice skating (还有什么比滑冰更能让人们出门的户外活动呢)”和第三段“It took 12 fire trucks to get enough water to fill the plot.(12辆消防车才运来足够的水)”可知，在12月的一个晚上，消防车赶往Manton，是为了帮助Chittle修建溜冰场。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“To fulfil his dream, Chittle downloaded instructions on how to build an ice rink and then ordered a 3,000 square foot waterproof cloth and some wood to create walls online.(为了实现他的梦想，Chittle下载了如何建造溜冰场的说明，然后在网上订购了3000平方英尺的防水布和一些木头来建造墙壁)”可知，为了实现建溜冰场这一梦想，Chittle在网上下载了建造教程并购买了所需材料。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““When things were tough, it was a place,” says Chittle’s neighbor Audrey Hooker. “It was fantastic because we just came together and became calm and happy instead of concerned.”(Chittle的邻居Audrey Hooker说道：“当情况艰难时，是这个地方，它太棒了，因为我们聚在一起，变得平静和快乐，而不是担心。”)”可知，在形势艰难的时候，Chittle建的溜冰场成了一个让人们可以聚在一起，感到平静和快乐，而不是担心的地方。由此可推断，Chittle建的溜冰场带给社区居民慰藉和陪伴。故选C。 7．词句猜测题。结合上文提到的Chittle为社区建溜冰场和划线句的后文内容“When the community heard how much money he used to make this project happen, everyone stepped forward. A fundraiser brought in about $1,300, and letters flooded to Chittle’s home stuffed with cash.(当社区听说他花了多少钱来实现这个项目时，每个人都挺身而出。一场筹款活动带来了大约1300美元的收入，人们给Chittle家里寄去了装满现金的信件)”可知，划线部分表示善意并没有在Chittle这里终止，同时Chittle也收到其他人的善意。故选B。
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．A 11．A 【导语】本文是说明文，文章主要介绍了科学家实地探索来了解自然的重要性。通过探索，人们才能理解并欣赏值得保护的东西。 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“I would argue instead that there has never been a greater need to explore. That’s because the stage for all exploration is the natural world, and nature is experiencing a rapid decline. It is by exploring that we understand and when we understand we develop an appreciation for what is found. Ultimately, only the things we appreciate are worth protecting.(相反，我想说的是，从未有过更大的探索需求。这是因为所有探索的舞台都是自然界，而自然界正在经历迅速的衰退。正是通过探索，我们理解了，当我们理解了，我们就会对所发现的东西产生欣赏。最终，只有我们欣赏的东西才值得保护。)”和第四段“If we succeed, then expeditions — brief travels into the wild that seek to answer questions, monitor populations, and inspire action — will have a renewed sense of purpose. More importantly, they greatly help the public experience, understand and appreciate nature.(如果我们成功了，那么探险队——短暂的野外旅行，寻求回答问题、监测种群并激励行动——将有新的目标感。更重要的是，它们极大地帮助公众体验、理解和欣赏自然。)”可推知，文章的写作目的是建议通过不断探索来了解自然。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Visiting the Okavango Delta or Kalahari Desert, for example, no longer implies a self-supported expedition. Field stations pop up in important national parks and remote sensing by satellite becomes commonplace.(例如，访问奥卡万戈三角洲或卡拉哈里沙漠，就不再意味着自力更生的探险。在重要的国家公园里都会出现野外观测站，利用卫星进行遥感也会变得很普遍。)”可推知，在技术的帮助下，野外探险更加容易到达，故选B。 10．词句猜测题。划线词组上文讲到“Visiting the Okavango Delta or Kalahari Desert, for example, no longer implies a self-supported expedition. (例如，参观奥卡万戈三角洲或卡拉哈里沙漠，不再意味着自力更生的探险。)”可知，野外探险不再是自力更生的探险，因此推断划线词组所在句子“Field stations pop up in important national parks and remote sensing by satellite becomes commonplace.”的意思是：在重要的国家公园里出现了野外观测站，卫星遥感变得司空见惯。说明在在技术的帮助下，野外探险容易了，可知第三段中带下划线的部分的意思是“突然出现”，故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Based on my own research expedition which aims to understand “edge effects” — how the changes in temperature at forest edges impact animals, I find it important that today’s scientists continue to spend time in the field. It is here that they begin to understand how seemingly unrelated environmental interactions influence their study system. Sometimes, it’s difficult to know which is important to measure until you stand out there cm the forest edge.(根据我自己的研究考察，目的是了解“边缘效应”——森林边缘温度的变化如何影响动物，我发现今天的科学家继续花时间在这个领域是很重要的。正是在这里，他们开始理解看似无关的环境相互作用如何影响他们的学习系统。有时候，在你站在森林边缘之前，很难知道哪个是重要的测量值。)”可推知，作者在研究探险之后意识到了科学家实地考察的意义。故选A。
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了作者对于极限运动危险性的认识。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sports like downhill cycling are very dangerous because one would be going downhill, over rocky or dirt zone, through forests, even at potentially deadly speeds. A slip up could be your downfall.(像高山自行车这样的运动是非常危险的，因为你会下坡，越过岩石或泥土地带，穿过森林，即使以潜在的致命速度。一失足就可能导致你的失败)”可推知，作者第一段提及高山自行车是为了说明极限运动确实有危险性。故选C。 13．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“To most people, extreme sports are extreme simply because they take more skill than what an average person has. An athlete with skill and training makes an extreme thing become a daily routine. That does not wipe out the danger, but it greatly reduces it.(对大多数人来说，极限运动之所以是极限运动，仅仅是因为它们需要比普通人更多的技巧。一个运动员运用技巧和训练是一个极端的事情被提上日程。这并不能完全消除危险，但可以大大减少危险)”可知，第二段主要讨论了在极限运动中，运动员的技巧在保障自身安全的过程中是非常重要的。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our reach of control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.(总之，是的，极限运动是危险的，但危险取决于运动员，他们对运动的选择，他们采取的方向，以及环境。有些事情是我们无法控制的，而有些事情我们可以通过锻炼和更健康的风险选择来影响)”可推知，作者对极限运动的看法是客观的。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our reach of control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.(总之，是的，极限运动是危险的，但危险取决于运动员，他们对运动的选择，他们采取的方向，以及环境。有些事情是我们无法控制的，而有些事情我们可以通过锻炼和更健康的风险选择来影响)”及前文论述可知，作者认为极限运动的危险和很多因素都有关，不能简单地把极限运动和危险等同起来。由此可知，Are Extreme Sports Really That Dangerous (极限运动真的那么危险吗？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. E 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友一天晚上去酒吧玩弹球游戏，结果弹球机坏了，工人来给他们修理弹球机的时候，作者想要支付修理工小费，但是他的同伴们并不同意。由此事引发了作者对于支付小费问题的看法。 16. 上文“He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinball machine twice. (他把一切都放在一边，两次修理我们有问题的弹球机)”以及下文“A couple of the guys immediately objected, saying the employee was just doing the job he was paid to do. (几个人立即表示反对，说这名员工只是在做他应得的工作)”说明维修人员给作者他们修理弹球机。空处承上启下，C项中的“him”指代上文中的修理工，下文中的“几个人立即反对的是作者前面提到的建议”。C项“我建议我们给他10美元小费，然后把小费分给我们所有人。”符合语境。故选C。 17. 上文“My pinball wizard didn’t stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered (我的弹球高手并没有伸出手来，但是我们有多少次碰到过这样的付款屏幕，上面显示给我们点的三明治20% 的小费？)”说明作者他们觉得付的小费并不合理。空处和前文为因果关系，说明人们觉得小费不合理导致的结果就是人们对给小费感觉到疲劳。A项中的This指代前文“人们觉得没有必要给小费”这件事”。故选A。 18. 上文“There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say they’re sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey. (有数据支持这一趋势：根据 Bankrate 最近的一项调查，66% 的美国成年人对小费持负面看法，32% 的人说他们厌倦了付款屏幕上的暗示)”说明人们不愿给小费已经成为了一种趋势。下文“I admit there are times I suspect the tipping thing has gone too far - say, when I’m at a self-checkout line and there’s still request to leave something extra.(但是我一般都会谨慎行事：如果有人想要小费，我会假设他们是出于经济原因这样做的)”说明作者原意给小费的理由。空处承接上文引出下文。B项中的“I willing to go against the trend ”和上文“There is data to back up the trend”相呼应，并引出作者原意违反这一趋势的原因。故选B。 19. 上文“But I’m generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, I’ll assume they have financial reasons to do so. (但是我一般都会谨慎行事: 如果有人想要小费，我会假设他们是出于经济原因这样做的)”说明有人想要小费是有原因的。空处承接上文，表明小费对于他们的重要性。F项“一两块钱不能决定我的成败，但也许能帮他们付房租。”符合语境。故选F。 20. 下文“He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play. (他非常感激那10美元的小费，那天晚上晚些时候，他奖励了我们小组10美元以上的免费代币，以备将来玩耍之用)”说明付小费也会得到回报。空处引出下文，说明作者想让人们看到给小费所得到的回报。E项“猜猜接下来我的弹球机修理工在酒吧发生了什么？”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了“过程表扬”比“个人表扬”更重要。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在该表扬的地方表扬是很自然的，对吧 A. normal正常的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. due适当的，恰当的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文“When my daughter completes a task”和句中“natural to give praise”可知，女儿完成一项任务，作者进行表扬是自然的，恰当的事情。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据心理学家凯瑟琳·菲利普的说法，孩子们并没有像我们想象的那样能从不断的表扬中获益。A. analyze分析；B. define给……下定义；C. profit获益；D. reflect反映。根据句中“as much as we’d like to think”和下文“Parents often praise, 　 3　 they are building their child’s self-confidence.”可知，我们认为表扬可以培养自信心，能让孩子获益。但本句中质疑了这一个观点，认为孩子并不像我们想象的那样能从表扬中获益。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母经常表扬孩子，认为他们在培养孩子的自信心。A. convincing使确信；B. believing相信，认为；C. claiming声称；D. debating争论。根据句中“they are building their child’s self-confidence.”可知，父母经常表扬孩子是因为他们认为表扬能培养孩子的自信心。故选B项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，过度表扬也会产生负面影响。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. Meanwhile同时；D. However然而。上文说父母认为表扬能培养孩子的自信心，下文“over-praising can have a negative effect”讲表扬也会产生负面影响，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们反复使用同样的赞美时，它可能会变得空洞，不再被孩子所珍视。A. merely仅仅；B. rarely很少；C. gradually逐渐；D. repeatedly重复。根据句中“use the same praise”和“may become empty”可推知，反复重复使用赞美会带来负面影响。故选D项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们反复使用同样的赞美时，它可能会变得空洞，不再被孩子所珍视。A. constructed构建；B. understood理解；C. prized珍视；D. evaluated评估。根据句中“become empty”可推知，反复使用赞美会让赞美变得空洞，所有孩子就不再珍视它。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它也可以成为一种期望，即他们所做的任何事情都必须得到表扬。A. curiosity好奇心；B. potential潜力；C. virtue美德；D. expectation期望。根据句中“anything they do must be rewarded with praise.”可知，习惯了赞美的孩子会在完成任何事情后都期望得到赞美。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会导致孩子因为害怕让父母失望而避免冒险。A. lack缺乏；B. fear恐惧；C. infection感染；D. presence出席。根据句中“disappointing their parents”可知，害怕父母失望，所有会避免冒险。故选B项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是否意味着我们应该放弃所有的赞美 A. do away with取消，废除；B. get away with逃脱；C. look up to仰望；D. give way to让路。上文提出过度赞美会带来负面影响，所有句中提问：是否应该放弃所有的赞美？。故选A项。 10．考查固定短语辨析。句意：健康赞美的关键是关注过程而不是结果。A. other than除...之外；B. rather than而不是；C. or rather或者反而；D. more than超过。根据下文“It is the recognition of a child’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something,”可知，作者认为过程比结果更重要，赞美应关注过程而不是结果。故选B项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对孩子的尝试或他们取得成就的过程的认可是非常重要的。A. emotional情感的；B. remarkable显著的；C. essential必要的；D. accessible可进入的。根据上文可知，过程比结果更重要，所以“recognition of a child’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something”是非常重要的。故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，我们如何打破我们都习以为常的赞美模式呢 A. pattern模式；B. custom习惯；C. tendency倾向；D. response反应。根据句中“we’re all so accustomed (习惯) to”可知，要打破我们已经习惯的模式。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：菲利普说，区分“个人表扬”和“过程表扬”很重要。A. identify认出，识别；B. confirm确认；C. clarify澄清；D. classify分类。根据句中“the distinction between “person praise” and “process praise””可知，要识别“个人表扬”和“过程表扬”的差别。故选A项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：个人赞美只是说某人有多重要。A. annoying恼人的；B. disturbing令人不安的；C. great伟大的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据句中“Person praise”可推知，对个人的赞美就是说某人重要。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：过程表扬是对一个人刚刚付出的努力的肯定。A. completion完成；B. objective目标；C. consequence结果；D. acknowledgement承认。根据句中“Process praise”和“the efforts”可知，过程表扬是承认努力，肯定努力。故选D项。
【答案】 1. to be blessed 2. when 3.Without 4. a 5.being mistaken 6.varieties 7. fragrance 8. were added 9. and 10.has offered/has been offering 【详解】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于安徽省南部的黄山后坑村海拔约800米，毗邻风景如画的太平 湖，这里似乎受到了大自然的庇荫，是各种手工茶的故乡。文章重点介绍了太平猴魁这种茶叶。 1. 考查动词短语。句意：位于安徽省南部的黄山后坑村海拔约800米，毗邻风景如画的太平湖，这里似乎受到了大自然的庇荫，是各种手工茶的故乡。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语seem to do“似乎做某事”，主语Houkeng village 和动词 bless 为被动关系，所以为被动语态结构。故填to be blessed。 2. 考查连词。句意：每年春天，当雾气笼罩着翠绿的山坡时，村民们知道他们的收成就要到来了。根据句 意可知，此处为连词when“当……时候”引导的时间状语从句，满足句意要求。故填when。 3. 考查介词。句意：没有合适的位置、品种和加工技术这三个关键因素，就不会有完美的太平猴魁。根据 句意以及空后的any of three key factors 名词短语可知，此处为介词Without“没有”，满足句意要求。故填 Without。 4. 考查冠词。句意：这是我们家的标志。根据句意以及空后signature为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一个标志”为泛指概念，结合signature发音以辅音音素开头，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。 5. 考查动名词复合结构。句意：猴魁茶的叶子特别大，经常让第一次观看的人误认为是“蔬菜”，但在方看 来，这种绿茶“王”胜过其他品种的不仅仅是大小。分析句子可知，此处为动名词复合结构one’s doing sth作lead to的宾语，由mistake和逻辑主语Kowkui’s leaves为被动关系，所以为被动语态结构。故填being mistaken。 6. 考查名词复数形式。句意：猴魁茶的叶子特别大，经常让第一次观看的人误认为是“蔬菜”，但在方看来， 这种绿茶“王”胜过其他品种的不仅仅是大小。根据句意以及空前other可知，此处为名词复数形式varieties“品种”，满足句意要求。故填varieties。 7. 考查名词。句意：它的香味和味道也很突出，这要归功于耗时的加工工作。由空前Its形容词性物主代词可知，此处为名词形式，和and连接的flavor保持并列结构。故填fragrance。 8. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：去年11月，中国传统茶叶加工技术及相关社会实践被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语techniques and associated social practices 为复数意义名词和动词add为被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，此处应为过去时，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were added。 9. 考查连词。句意：安徽省茶文化研究会副会长郑毅表示：“茶文化不仅反映了一种精致的生活品味，还展示了工艺之美和人们的创造力。”根据句意可知，此处为连词and连接的craftsmanship和creativity两个名词，构成并列结构。故填and。 10. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：几个世纪以来，茶叶的香味为这片土地提供了营养。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由For centuries可知，应为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语the scent of tea leaves为单数名词，所以为动词第三人称单数形式。故填has offered/has been offering。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【28】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·广东广州·华南师大附中校考阶段练习)
Inspired by his mentor Louis Sullivan, an influential figure in the world of modernist architecture, Frank Lloyd Wright coined the term “organic architecture” around 1908.
Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are four of the most striking examples.
Casa Milà
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Year of completion: 1910
Architect: Antoni Caudi
Considered the greatest master of Catalan Modernism, Antoni Gaudi was devoted to nature and the Catholic religion. While he originally intended this organic building to have a religious purpose, it is now an apartment building. True to the organic style, it features honey shapes that seemingly emerge from the earth.
Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
Location: Singapore
Year of completion: 2015
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Earning the nicknames “dim sum basket building” and “the Hive”, the Learning Hub consists of 12 eight-storey towers arranged around a public atrium (天井). The organic nature of the building extends to its interior with features like gardens that are intended to encourage social interactions and study among students.
Falling Water
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Year of completion:1939
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
A classic of modernism and organic architecture, Falling Water sits on top of a waterfall. Frank Lloyd Wright designed it for the Kaufmann family who—though they had originally hoped for a view of the waterfall-came to love the home.
East Beach Café
Location: Littlehampton, UK
Year of completion: 2007
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Located in a seaside area with an industrial history, East Beach Café resembles a piece of driftwood. Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarized locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community. It was the first building for Thomas Heatherwick who previously was better known as a sculptor.
1. Which building was designed to serve a religious purpose
A. Casa Milà. B. Learning Hub at NTU.
C. Falling Water. D. East Beach Cafe.
2. What do we know about the four buildings in the text
A. They are architectural classics of modernism.
B. They feature imitations of animals or elements in nature.
C. East Beach Café was not welcomed by all the locals initially.
D. The designer of Learning Hub at NTU invented’ the concept “organic architecture’’.
3. Which of the following magazines is the text probably taken from
A. National Geographic. B. Architectural Digest.
C. Organic Gardening. D. BBC History.
B
(2023·福建福州·福建师大附中校考期中)
The turn of the year is the time for reviewing one’s life, and for making some resolutions about what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years I have taken advantage of the holiday to review my own ambition.
One thing I decide on this year is to give up writing the Grumpy (暴躁的) Old Bookman column in this magazine. It’s not that I’ve lost interest in the book world. But Leonard Woolf, husband of American writer Virginia Wool (1882—1941), used to say a man should change his career every seven years. Though I would say that changing your whole career frequently is going a bit far, I do find that it serves as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same line of business.
It is over 15 years since our editor wrote to me and asked if I would be interested in writing a regular piece about what was, even then, a rapidly changing publishing scene. He approached me because since 2004 I had been writing a regular blog called, Grumpy Old Bookman.
As my monthly survey of developments in both traditional and digital publishing continued, in this magazine, I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in something close to a paradise (天堂). Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher— or an agent if you wanted one—but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny piece.
After about five years of producing such columns, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays fade away on the seas of time, it might be valuable to publish my thoughts and comments in book form to potential readers. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon’s Create Space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2024.
4. Why does the author want to give up writing the column
A. He is fed up with the career linked to books. B. He is very keen on trying something new.
C. He follows Leonard Woolf’s suggestion. D. He’s used to changing his job every seven years.
5. According to the author, what can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A. Now it is amazing to find a publisher easily. B. Publishing industry is a profitable business.
C. It is rather hard to publish books nowadays. D. It is a blessing to live in the present times.
6. What do you think of the author
A. Emotional and good at controlling himself. B. Dedicated but easy to doubt himself.
C. Purposeful and good at self-adjustment. D. Ambitious but unwilling to change himself.
7. What does the author mainly want to tell us
A. Giving up timely is another virtue. B. Changing the job means a new opportunity.
C. The beginning of a year is a new start. D. Reflection can drive us to push forward.
C
（2024·广东深圳·部分学校阶段联考）
Next time you’re having trouble solving a tricky puzzle, consider asking a nearby bumblebee.
A new study in the journal PLOS Biology finds that bumblebees can learn certain behaviors from each other, suggesting these social insects have a capacity for what we humans call “culture.”
In the past couple of decades, a growing body of evidence has shown that animals like chimps and birds show behaviors of learning. If what they learn lasts for a long time, it turns into a tradition. And culture is made up of multiple traditions. “Bumblebees, though, have some of the most complex behavioral abilities, nobody’s really thought to look at culture in such insects and generally assume they’re mostly driven by inborn factors instead,” says Alice Bridges, a behavioral ecologist at Anglia Ruskin University in England.
To prove them wrong, Bridges built a puzzle box, whose base held the reward: a drop of super sweet sugar water. The box was designed with a rotating (旋转) top that can be rotated by pushing either on a red tab clockwise or a blue tab anti-clockwise. Some bees were trained to push the red tab to get the sugar water while others pushed the blue one. Then, these tutor bees were placed inside different colonies (蜂群), along with the puzzle boxes.
The experiment ultimately played itself out. In colonies where the tutor bee had originally learned to push the red tab, the other bees in the colony usually pushed the red tab. In colonies where the tutor bee was trained to push the blue tab, their fellow bees also tended to do the same. In contrast, in the control groups without tutors, the bees sometimes learned how to open the boxes, but most of them would do it once or twice and then never again. “They perhaps hadn’t quite made the link between their behavior and the reward,” Bridges supposes.
“Many of us consider ourselves to be rather special…because we have culture, we can learn and we’re social,” Bridges says. “But now it turns out that even the bee also has culture, which is an uncomfortable truth: human culture, once thought unique, does not emerge ‘out of the blue’ but has obviously built on deep evolutionary foundations.
8．What is people’s common attitude to bumblebees having culture
A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Interested. D．Doubtful.
9．Why does Bridges place trained bees inside different colonies
A．To test their learning capability in new settings.
B．To see if they will spread the secret of the boxes.
C．To evaluate their ruling power in various groups.
D．To observe if they will share their food with peers.
10．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the study
A．Its appeal to the public. B．Implications on cultural origins.
C．Its practical application. D．Suggestions for future directions.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Human Culture Is Losing Its Uniqueness
B．Bee’s Behavior Builds on Biological Factors
C．Culture May Be Present Among Bumblebees
D．Animals’ Evolution May Start From Colonies
D
（2023·宁夏银川·银川一中校考一模）
I have frequently taught Research Methods and Design to college students at several institutions. I love teaching this course. One reason, of course, is that I enjoy thinking about research methodology (方法学) and sharing it with others. The other reason, however, is the obvious impact that it has on students. Every term, one (if not more) student tells me how taking this course has affected him/her: “I used to just read articles and believe what they said, but now I find myself asking ‘Is this true How do they know Is this a well designed study ” That is what I want the students to achieve in this course.
This brings to mind something written by Dorothy L. Sayers in 1948. One of her books, The Lost Tools of Learning speaks to Sayers’ thoughts on education. “By teaching our young men and women to read, we have left them at the mercy of the printed words. By the invention of the film and the radio,we have made certain that no dislike for reading shall protect them from the constant battery of words, words, words. They do not know what the words mean: they are victims to words in their emotions instead of being the masters of them in their intelligence.”
We are well past the 1940s, but her observation is still relevant. Sayers’ point is well taken. In the world of 24-hour news and social media that often resembles (类似) the Wild West, the ability to carry out evaluations has never been more important. In order to resist the distortions with which we are constantly bombed in the media, as well as be able to present a persuasive argument, we must be able to reason well, and think and give a judgement carefully.
When my students begin the Research Methods and Design course, they are generally not content to read all those research article I give. However, by the end of the course, they are excited about their newly obtained abilities.
12．What is the author’s course goal for her students
A．Thinking critically. B．Reading deeply.
C．Designing studies well. D．Questioning themselves.
12．What did Sayers imply about education
A．It was boring. B．It was worrying.
C．It was conventional. D．It was useless.
13．What does the underlined word “distortions” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Popular news. B．Various evaluations.
C．Persuasive arguments. D．Misleading information.
15．Why does the author write the text
A．To review a book. B．To introduce a writer.
C．To suggest a practical skill. D．To criticize social media.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·云南昆明·高三统考期中）
Birthdays are supposed to be happy occasions where celebrations, being spoiled and positive reflection are all part of the day. Unfortunately, feeling depressed about an approaching birthday, as a person ages, is common. The following may help fight off Birthday Blues.
·Find the best way to celebrate
16 If someone loves luxurious celebrations, then they should try to have that sort of a day. If they prefer quality time with family, then they could make arrangements. On the other hand, doing something on their birthday that they do not enjoy, will make it harder for them to have a good time.
·Keep busy
If the Birthday Blues threaten to have a negative impact on someone, it may be better to avoid the day altogether. 17 Do something else. Negative thoughts can be easily forgotten so a person can move on with their life.
· 18
It is OK to be sad sometimes, but drowning in sadness all day is unhelpful for anyone struggling with negative emotions. For those who always get the Birthday Blues, it might be a good idea just to accept that they might feel sad and anxious. 19 Acknowledge them, and then put them to one side and get on with the day in a more positive frame of mind.
·Do something special
However much people hate or fear their birthday, they can make it better if they plan something for that day that cannot fail to bring them excitement. They may think about booking to see a show, getting a spa, or going out for dinner. 10
A．Set a sadness time limit.
B．Turn the sadness into a helpful experience.
C．Allow those feelings to come into their mind.
D．Removing negative thoughts finally pays off.
E．Keeping distracted will ensure the day passes quickly.
F．Birthdays are days when it is acceptable to be a bit selfish.
G．Whatever is likely to lift their spirits may help them feel better.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·河北保定·唐县第一中学校考期末）
David hoped to be a teacher when he was young. “The minute I walked into my university, I knew 1 what I wanted to be,” he says. “The teachers were so 2 and welcome.”
As an education major, he was excited to learn his classroom 3 would begin during his second year of his university. “That was very important to me because I didn’t want to 4 until I was a student teacher to get into a classroom,” he says. David was also 5 by his university’s short-term study abroad program and the opportunities it offers to students to be adaptable to the university.
David quickly adapted himself to the university. He was 6 freshman class president and joined many organizations, all about children education. He also held several campus 7 , took on several leadership positions and was accepted into a leadership development program. “These 8 allowed me to learn things outside the classroom. I built my 9 in leadership and teamwork,” says David. “These are real life experiences that I can 10 to the classroom.”
By the end of the second year of his university, David had 11 two practicums (实习课) at elementary schools, including a special education internship (实习) focused on students with reading 12 . He went on to finish two 13 practicums and a student teaching task over the next two years.
Two months before graduation, David was 14 a full-time position as a special education teacher at Millstone River Elementary School in the West Windsor—the same school where he completed his junior practicum in spring 2017. “It is such a relief to be hired so early. I feel all my hard work 15 ,” he says.
1．A．regularly B．exactly C．widely D．randomly
2．A．clever B．proud C．warm D．mean
3．A．playing B．building C．disciplines D．experiences
4．A．run B．wait C．study D．respond
5．A．bored B．frightened C．attracted D．confused
6．A．voted B．allowed C．sent D．left
7．A．libraries B．tasks C．jobs D．posters
8．A．failures B．performances C．requests D．activities
9．A．skills B．tips C．right D．body
10．A．return B．bring C．throw D．award
11．A．chosen B．forgotten C．refused D．completed
12．A．disorders B．preferences C．abilities D．habits
13．A．easy B．expensive C．additional D．strange
14．A．passed B．offered C．showed D．served
15．A．paid off B．went wrong C．fell apart D．broke down
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·湖北荆州·荆州中学校考阶段练习)
This year’s unforgettable Games, credited as one of the 1 (good) Asian Games in history, 2 (leave) an indelible legacy on the city in the future, the Chinese people and the continent.
In contrast 3 the opening ceremony, during the closing ceremony, athletes from all delegations (代表团) entered the stadium together, mingling (交际) without regard to nationality. They waved flags, laughed, hugged and posed for pictures while the audience applauded and cheered.
During the Games, 15 world records, 37 Asian records and 170 Asian Games new records were set by top 4 (athlete). In terms of medals, the Chinese team showed its dominance. China topped the gold medal table for the 11th time in a row and earned more than 200 gold medals at an Asian Games for 5 first time. Japan and South Korea were second and third in the medal table. 6 is more noteworthy (注意) is that many delegations made historic breakthroughs in some 7 (traditional) weaker events, 8 (break) the monopoly (垄断) of strong teams. Other regional sports also 9 (catch) the attention of more people through the Asian Games, such as Kabaddi and Sepaktakraw .
In addition, this Asian Games also impressed the public regarding the use of 10 (advance) technology and sustainable development. At such a fairy-tale gathering, the spiritual power of Asia was once again promoted. At the same time, China’s internationalization and openness were on display.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。 1. 细节理解题。根据Casa Milà部分“While he originally intended this organic building to have a religious purpose, it is now an apartment building.” (虽然他最初打算将这座有机建筑用于宗教目的，但它现在是一栋公寓楼。)可知，Casa Milà最开始是打算用于宗教目的的。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据East Beach Café部分“Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarized locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community.” (它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初在当地引起了两极分化，但后来受到了整个社区的欢迎。)可知，这个咖啡厅在建立之初并不受到所有当地人的欢迎。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are four of the most striking examples.”（有机建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子。）结合全文介绍了四座引人注意的有机建筑的例子推知，本文应该是选自《建筑文摘》这本杂志。故选B。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者多年来一直利用假期来重新审视自己的抱负，今年作者准备放弃自己的专栏，开始把自己想法和评论以书的形式出版出来，让潜在读者受益，于是作者进行了第一次尝试。 4. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But Leonard Woolf, husband of American writer Virginia Wool (1882—1941), used to say a man should change his career every seven years. Though I would say that changing your whole career frequently is going a bit far, I do find that it serves as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same line of business. (但是作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔的丈夫伦纳德·伍尔夫，曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分，但我确实发现，如果你能偶尔在同一业务范围尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂。)”可知，作者放弃写专栏是因为他采纳了伦纳德·伍尔夫的建议。故选C项。 5. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in something close to a paradise(天堂) (我开始意识到，这个世纪的小说和非小说作家都生活在一个接近天堂的地方)”和“but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny piece (但现在你可以出版自己的作品了，无论是电子版的作品还是平装本的作品，每本都不用花一分钱)”可知，作者认为如今的作家生活在一个天堂般的地方，作家们出版自己的作品可以不用花一分钱，由此可推测出，作者认为生活在当今这个时代是一种福气。故选D项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“and for many years I have taken advantage of the holiday to review my own ambition (多年来，我一直利用假期重新审视自己的抱负)”、第二段中的“One thing I decide on this year is to give up writing the Grumpy (暴躁的) Old Bookman column in this magazine. (今年我决定放弃在这本杂志上写‘脾气暴躁的老书呆子’专栏。)”和“Though I would say that changing your whole career frequently is going a bit far, I do find that it serves as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same line of business. (虽然我个人会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分，但我确实发现，如果你能偶尔在同一业务范围尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂。)”可知，作者一直在审视自己的抱负，并放弃了一直写的专栏，并且作者认为偶尔尝试一份新工作是一种很好的提神剂，由此可推测出，作者非常善于自我调整。根据最后一段中的“After about five years of producing such columns, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays fade away on the seas of time, it might be valuable to publish my thoughts and comments in book form to potential readers. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon’s Create Space facilities. (在写了大约五年这样的专栏之后，我突然想到，与其让这些文章在时间的海洋中消失，不如把我的想法和评论以书的形式出版给潜在的读者看。因此，在2014年，我使用亚马逊的Create Space，以平装本的形式出版了前69篇GOB专栏。)”可知，作者决定把自己的想法和评论出版出来，并且最终付诸了行动，由此可推测出，作者是一个目的明确的人。故选C项。 7. 文章大意题。通读全文可知，第一段“The turn of the year is the time for reviewing one’s life, and for making some resolutions about what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years I have taken advantage of the holiday to review my own ambition. (一年之交是回顾自己生活的时候，也是决定来年要专注于什么的时候；我一直利用假期重新审视自己的抱负。)”引出本文要谈论的话题，即作者总是会自我反思，接下来具体讲述了作者准备放弃自己的专栏并开始把自己想法和评论以书的形式出版出来这件事的经过。由此可推测出，作者主要想告诉我们反思可以推动我们前进。故选D项。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．B 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究发现大黄蜂具有人类所说的文化的能力。 8．推理判断题。根据第三段““Bumblebees, though, have some of the most complex behavioral abilities, nobody’s really thought to look at culture in such insects and generally assume they’re mostly driven by inborn factors instead,” says Alice Bridges, a behavioral ecologist at Anglia Ruskin University in England. (英国Anglia Ruskin大学的行为生态学家Alice Bridges说：“尽管大黄蜂有一些最复杂的行为能力，但没有人真正考虑过这种昆虫的文化，通常认为它们主要是由先天因素驱动的。”)”可知，人们通常认为大黄蜂的文化是由先天因素驱动的，对大黄蜂具有文化持有怀疑的态度。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据第五段“The experiment ultimately played itself out. In colonies where the tutor bee had originally learned to push the red tab, the other bees in the colony usually pushed the red tab. In colonies where the tutor bee was trained to push the blue tab, their fellow bees also tended to do the same. (实验最终成功了。在辅导蜂最初学会按下红色标签的蜂群中，蜂群中的其他蜜蜂通常会按下红色标签。在辅导蜂被训练按下蓝色标签的蜂群，它们的同伴也倾向于这样做)”可推知，布里奇斯把经过训练的蜜蜂放在不同的蜂群里，是为了观察蜜蜂是否会传播盒子里的秘密，将自己的行为传播给同伴。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But now it turns out that even the bee also has culture, which is an uncomfortable truth: human culture, once thought unique, does not emerge ‘out of the blue’ but has obviously built on deep evolutionary foundations. (但现在事实证明，即使是蜜蜂也有文化，这是一个令人不安的事实：人类文化，曾经被认为是独一无二的，并不是‘突然’出现的，而是显然建立在深厚的进化基础上的)”可知，本段主要介绍了曾经被认为是独一无二的文化并不是突然出现，而是逐渐进化而来的，本段主要谈论了这项研究对于文化起源的影响。故选B。 11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“A new study in the journal PLOS Biology finds that bumblebees can learn certain behaviors from each other, suggesting these social insects have a capacity for what we humans call “culture.” (PLOS Biology杂志上的一项新研究发现，大黄蜂可以相互学习某些行为，这表明这些群居昆虫具有我们人类所说的“文化”的能力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现大黄蜂具有人类所说的文化的能力，所以“文化可能存在于大黄蜂中”可以作为文章标题。故选C。
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了人们应该学会批判性思考。 12．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Every term, one (if not more) student tells me how taking this course has affected him/her: “I used to just read articles and believe what they said, but now I find myself asking ‘Is this true How do they know Is this a well designed study ’”(每学期，一名（如果不是更多的话）学生都会告诉我这门课程对他/她有何影响：“我过去只是读文章，相信他们说的话，但现在我发现自己在问‘这是真的吗？他们怎么知道的？这是一项精心设计的研究吗？’)”和第三段中的“In order to resist the distortions with which we are constantly bombed in the media, as well as be able to present a persuasive argument, we must be able to reason well, and think and give a judgement carefully. (为了抵制媒体不断用歪曲的事实轰炸我们，并且能够提出一个有说服力的论点，我们必须能够很好地推理，仔细地思考和作出判断)”可知，第一段学生说的话表明，学生听完老师的课，学会对所读文章进行反思，质疑文章的真实性等，结合第三段作者建议人们仔细地思考再作出判断，说明批判性思考正是作者想让学生在她的课上学到的。故选A项。 13．推理判断题。由第二段中的“By teaching our young men and women to read, we have left them at the mercy of the printed words. By the invention of the film and the radio, we have made certain that no dislike for reading shall protect them from the constant battery of words, words, words. They do not know what the words mean: they are victims to words in their emotions instead of being the masters of them in their intelligence.(通过教我们的年轻男女阅读，我们让他们听任印刷文字的摆布。通过电影和收音机的发明，我们已经确定，对阅读的厌恶不会保护他们免受文字、文字、文字的不断冲击。他们不知道文字的含义：他们情感上是文字的受害者，而不是在智力上是文字的主人)”可知，Sayers认为教育让年轻男女听任印刷文字的摆布，他们情感上是文字的受害者，在智力上未成为文字的主人，说明当时的教育状况是令人担忧的。故选B项。 14．词句猜测题。由第二段中的“By the invention of the film and the radio, we have made certain that no dislike for reading shall protect them from the constant battery of words, words, words. They do not know what the words mean: they are victims to words in their emotions instead of being the masters of them in their intelligence. (通过电影和收音机的发明，我们已经确定，对阅读的厌恶不会保护他们免受文字、文字、文字的不断冲击。他们不知道文字的含义：他们情感上是文字的受害者，而不是在智力上是文字的主人)”和第三段中的“In order to resist the distortions with which we are constantly bombed in the media, as well as be able to present a persuasive argument, we must be able to reason well, and think and give a judgement carefully. (为了抵制媒体不断用distortions轰炸我们，并且能够提出一个有说服力的论点，我们必须能够很好地推理，仔细地思考和作出判断)”可知，在媒体信息下，不知道文字含义的人们容易成为文字的受害者，作者建议人们仔细地思考再作出判断，才能提出一个有说服力的论点，说明媒体给人们提供了“误导性信息（Misleading information）”，因此人们需要批判性思考信息是对是错，distortions意为“Misleading information”。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Every term, one (if not more) student tells me how taking this course has affected him/her: “I used to just read articles and believe what they said, but now I find myself asking ‘Is this true How do they know Is this a well designed study ’”(每学期，一名（如果不是更多的话）学生都会告诉我这门课程对他/她有何影响：“我过去只是读文章，相信他们说的话，但现在我发现自己在问‘这是真的吗？他们怎么知道的？这是一项精心设计的研究吗？’)”和第三段中的“In order to resist the distortions with which we are constantly bombed in the media, as well as be able to present a persuasive argument, we must be able to reason well, and think and give a judgement carefully. (为了抵制媒体不断用歪曲的事实轰炸我们，并且能够提出一个有说服力的论点，我们必须能够很好地推理，仔细地思考和作出判断)”可知，第一段学生说的话表明，学生听完老师的课，学会对所读文章进行反思，质疑文章的真实性等，结合第三段作者建议人们仔细地思考再作出判断，说明作者想让学生在她的课上学到批判性思考，再结合最后一段中的“However, by the end of the course, they are excited about their newly obtained abilities. (然而，在课程结束时，他们对新获得的能力感到兴奋)”呼应第一段的内容可知，作者的写作目的在于建议读者掌握一项实用的技能——批判性思考。故选C项。
【答案】16．F 17．E 18．A 18．C 20．G 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了帮助你战胜生日忧郁的方法。 16．分析设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“If someone loves luxurious celebrations, then they should try to have that sort of a day. If they prefer quality time with family, then they could make arrangements.(如果有人喜欢奢华的庆祝活动，那么他们应该试着过这样的一天。如果他们更喜欢与家人共度美好时光，那么他们可以做出安排)”可知，本段主要讲述了人们可以按照自己喜欢的方式去庆祝生日，所以F项“Birthdays are days when it is acceptable to be a bit selfish. (生日是可以允许有点自私的日子)”符合文意，为本段中心句。故选F项。 17．根据前文“If the Birthday Blues threaten to have a negative impact on someone, it may be better to avoid the day altogether. (如果“生日忧郁”可能会对某人产生负面影响，那么最好完全避开这一天)”以及后文“Do something else. Negative thoughts can be easily forgotten so a person can move on with their life.(做点别的事情。消极的想法很容易被忘记，这样人们就可以继续他们的生活)”可知，空处应是过渡句，从提议避开这一天搭配提出做点别的事情，所以E项“Keeping distracted will ensure the day passes quickly. (保持注意力分散会让时间过得很快)”符合文意，起到过渡作用，引出下文。故选E项。 18．分析设空，应是本段小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据下文“It is OK to be sad sometimes, but drowning in sadness all day is unhelpful for anyone struggling with negative emotions. (有时悲伤是可以的，但是整天沉浸在悲伤中对任何与消极情绪斗争的人都没有帮助)”可知，本段主要讲述了悲伤可以，但是不能沉浸在悲伤中无法自拔，所以A项“Set a sadness time limit. (设定悲伤的时间限制)”是本段的标题。故选A项。 19．根据前文“For those who always get the Birthday Blues, it might be a good idea just to accept that they might feel sad and anxious. (对于那些总是患有生日忧郁的人来说，接受他们可能会感到悲伤和焦虑的事实可能是个好主意)”以及后文“Acknowledge them, and then put them to one side and get on with the day in a more positive frame of mind. (承认它们，然后把它们放在一边，以一种更积极的心态开始新的一天)”可知，此处是讲述，正面面对让他们可能会感到悲伤和焦虑的事实，试着去接受他们，所以C项“Allow those feelings to come into their mind. (让这些感觉进入他们的脑海)”符合此处主题。故选C项。 20．分析设空，位于段尾，是本段的总结句，根据前文“However much people hate or fear their birthday, they can make it better if they plan something for that day that cannot fail to bring them excitement. They may think about booking to see a show, getting a spa, or going out for dinner. (无论人们多么讨厌或害怕他们的生日，如果他们为那天计划一些能给他们带来兴奋的事情，他们可以让它变得更好。他们可能会考虑预约看一场演出，做个水疗，或者出去吃顿饭)”可知，本段主要讲述做一些让自己兴奋的事，所以G项“Whatever is likely to lift their spirits may help them feel better. (任何可能振奋他们精神的事情都可能帮助他们感觉更好)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是David自幼就想当老师，在进入大学的那一刹那，这个决定更加明晰了，为此他付出了很多努力，最终成为了一名小学特教教师。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当我走进大学的那一刻，我确切地知道自己想成为什么样的人，”他说。A. regularly定期地，通常；B. exactly确切地；C. widely广泛地；D. randomly随机地。根据语境和上文中的“David hoped to be a teacher when he was young.”可知，David从下就想成为一名老师，所以此处应指的是他“确切地”知道自己想成为什么样的人。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师们都很热情好客。A. clever聪明的；B. proud自豪的；C. warm热情的；D. mean吝啬的。根据下文中的“and welcome.”可知，此处与welcome为并列关系，所以此处应指的是“热情的”符合语境。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名教育专业的学生，他很兴奋地得知自己的课堂体验将从大学二年级开始。A. playing（演奏等的）表现，风格；B. building建筑物；C. disciplines纪律；D. experiences经历。根据下文中的““That was very important to me because I didn’t want to ____4____ until I was a student teacher to get into a classroom,” he says.”可知，David说，那对他来说很重要，因为他不想作为一名实习老师才进入教室，由此可推断，此处指的是课堂“体验”从大二开始，符合语境。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说:“这对我来说非常重要，因为我不想等到我成为一名实习教师后才进入教室。”A. run跑；B. wait等待；C. study研究；D. respond回应。根据语境以及下文中的“until I was a student teacher to get into a classroom”可知，David想要尽早进入教室体验课堂，所以他不想“等”到成为实习教师才进入教室。故选B项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David也被学校的短期海外学习项目和它为学生提供的适应大学的机会所吸引。A. bored厌烦的；B. frightened害怕的；C. attracted吸引人的；D. confused迷惑的。根据上文中的“As an education major, he was excited to learn his classroom ____3____ would begin during his second year of his university.”可知，David知道在大二就可以体验课堂感到很兴奋，结合前的also可知，此处应是被“吸引”符合语境。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被选为大一新生主席，参加了许多关于儿童教育的组织。A. voted选举；B. allowed允许；C. sent发送；D. left离开。根据下文中的“and joined many organizations, all about children education.”可知，David加入很多都是关于儿童教育的组织，由此可推断，此处指的是他被“选举”为大一新生主席，参加很多组织，符合语境。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还担任过几份校园工作，担任过几个领导职务，并被一个领导发展项目录取。A. libraries图书馆；B. tasks任务；C. jobs工作；D. posters海报。根据下文中的“took on several leadership positions and was accepted into a leadership development program.”可知，David担任很多领导职务，还被一个领导发展项目录用，由此可知，此处表示他担任几份校园“工作”符合语境。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这些活动让我学到课堂之外的东西。我培养了自己的领导能力和团队合作能力，” David说。A. failures失败；B. performances表现；C. requests要求；D. activities活动。根据上文中的“He was ____6____ freshman class president and joined many organizations, all about children education. He also held several campus ____7____ , took on several leadership positions and was accepted into a leadership development program.”可知，David被选为班长，参加很多组织，担任学校的很多工作，担任几项领导职务等，由此可知，此处指的是他所参加的这些“活动”符合语境。故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这些活动让我学到课堂之外的东西。我培养了自己的领导能力和团队合作能力，” David说。A. skills技能；B. tips技巧；C. right权力；D. body身体。根据常识和下文中的“in leadership and teamwork”可知，此处指的是David参加的这些活动提高了他在领导方面的“技能”符合语境。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些都是我可以带到课堂上的真实生活经历。A. return归还；B. bring带入；C. throw抛，投；D. award授予。根据常识和上文中的“These are real life experiences”可知，这些真实的经历可以“带入”课堂，提升他的教学能力。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大学二年级结束时，David已经在小学完成了两项实习，其中一项是针对有阅读障碍的学生的特殊教育实习。A. chosen选择；B. forgotten忘记；C. refused拒绝；D. completed完成。根据下文中的“He went on to finish two ____13____ practicums and a student teaching task over the next two years.”可知，David继续完成两项实习课程，由此可知，此处指的是在大二末期已经“完成”两项实习课程。选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大学二年级结束时，大卫已经在小学完成了两项实习，其中一项是针对有阅读障碍的学生的特殊教育实习。A. disorders混乱，障碍；B. preferences偏好；C. abilities能力；D. habits习惯。根据常识和上文中的“including a special education internship (实习)”可知，在David的实习中包含一项特殊的教育实习，由此可推断，这些学生应该是有阅读“障碍”符合语境。故选A项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，他又完成了两次额外实习和一项学生教学任务。A. easy容易的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. additional额外的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文中的“By the end of the second year of his university, David had ____11____ two practicums (实习课) at elementary schools”可知，David在大二学期末时已经完成了两项实习课程，由此可推断，此处指的是他又完成了“额外的”两项实习课程，符合语境。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕业前两个月，大卫在西温莎的米尔斯顿河小学找到了一份全职的特殊教育老师的工作，2017年春天，他在这所学校完成了初级实习。A. passed传递；B. offered提供；C. showed展示；D. served服务。根据上文中的““It is such a relief to be hired so early. I feel all my hard work ____15____ ,” he says.”可知，David很高兴自己这么快被雇佣，由此可知，此处指的是给他“提供”了一份工作。故选B项。 15．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这么早就被录用真是松了口气。我觉得我所有的努力都得到了回报。A. paid off还清，得到回报；B. went wrong出问题；C. fell apart倒塌；D. broke down累垮。根据上文中的“Two months before graduation, David was ____14____ a full-time position as a special education teacher at Millstone River Elementary School in the West Windsor”以及首段中的“David hoped to be a teacher when he was young.”可知，David年轻时就想成为一名教师，而在他毕业前的两个月，他就被提供了一份全职工作，由此可知，此处指的是David觉得自己所有的努力“得到回报”符合语境。故选A项。
【答案】1. Best 2. will leave 3. to/with 4. athletes 5. The 6. What 7. traditionally 8. breaking 9. caught 10. advanced 【详解】本文是新闻报道。报道了杭州亚运会的闭幕式，运动员取得成绩以及给人们的印象。 1. 考查形容词。句意：这场今年令人难忘的运动会，被誉为历史上最好的亚运会之一，将在未来为这座城 市，为中国人民和整个大陆留下不可磨灭的遗产。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词 作定语，根据空前的oneof，应用最高级。故填best。 2. 考查动词时态。句意：这场今年令人难忘的运动会，被誉为历史上最好的亚运会之一，将在未来为这座城市，为中国人民和整个大陆留下不可磨灭的遗产。分析句子结构可知，leave作本句谓语，根据时间状语 in the future，用一般将来时。故填willleave。 3. 考查介词。句意：与开幕式不同的是，在闭幕式上，所有代表团的运动员不分国籍，一起进入体育场。 分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：incontrastto或者incontrastwith意为“与…相比”。故填to或者with。 4. 考查名词。句意：亚运会期间，顶尖运动员创造了15项世界纪录、37项亚洲纪录和170项亚运会新纪 录。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处填名词作宾语，athlete意为“运动员”为可数名词，此处用 复数形式。故填athletes。 5. 考查冠词。句意：中国连续11次荣登金牌榜榜首，首次在亚运会上夺得200多枚金牌。分析句子结构可 知，此处是固定搭配：forthefirsttime意为“第一次”。故填the。 6. 考查主语从句。句意：更值得注意的是，许多代表团在一些传统上较弱的项目上取得了历史性的突破， 打破了强队的垄断。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，用what引导，位于句首， 首字母应大写。故填What。 7. 考查副词。句意：更值得注意的是，许多代表团在一些传统上较弱的项目上取得了历史性的突破，打破 了强队的垄断。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰。故填traditionally。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：更值得注意的是，许多代表团在一些传统上较弱的项目上取得了历史性的突破， 打破了强队的垄断。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词made，所以break用非谓语形式，表示顺其自 然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填breaking。 9. 考查动词时态。句意：其他地区性的体育项目也通过亚运会吸引了更多人的关注，比如卡巴迪和七爪舞。 分析句子结构可知，catch作本句谓语，主语是Otherregionalsports，两者是主动关系，描述的是已发生的 事，用一般过去时。故填caught。 10. 考查形容词。句意：此外，本届亚运会在使用先进技术和可持续发展方面也给公众留下了深刻的印象。 分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，此处用advance的形容词形式advanced意 为“先进的”符合语境。故填advanced。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【29】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·安徽省皖东十校联盟高三上学期第三次月考）
Small-town destinations have the advantage of being less expensive, without any compromises on charm. Newstweek’s Fast Women recommend these small towns wholeheartedly—from our own travels, or on the trusted advice of close friends.
McMinnville, Oregon
Winery tasting rooms, a quaint downtown and boutique hotels make this city southwest of Portland a natural destination for an adults-only weekend getaway, Every May, McMinnville is also the home of the largest UFO Festival in the U.S., which explains why you’ll see alien art around town throughout the year.
Ollantaytambo, Peru
This village located in the Sacred Valley of the Incas sits along the Urubamba River. Here you can take in stunning views of the valley and explore the ruins of the fortress overlooking the town, Wander through ancient streets built by the Incas and take in the landscape of distant mountains.
Mandawa, India
This small town was a part of the ancient Silk Road trading gateway between China and the Middle East, Today, it’s filled with frescos, havelis (multistory buildings with courtyards) and wall paintings that have transformed it into an open-air art gallery.
Lorne, Australia
Australia’s Great Ocean Road follows the coast, making Lorne a perfect stopping-over point as you travel around the country by the sea. Famous as an art community, it is surrounded by sandy beaches and stunning waterfalls. It’s a great fishing destination, too.
1．What can you do at McMinnville, Oregon
A．Try various kinds of wines. B．Enjoy extraordinary natural beauty.
C．Get exposed to modern art. D．Celebrate the UFO Festival in summer.
2．Which place best suits people who are fond of ancient art
A．McMinnville, Oregon, B．Mandawa, India. C．Lorne, Australia. D．Ollantaytambo, Peru.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A travel journal. B．An encyclopedia. C．A geography book. D．A tourist website.
B
(2023·辽宁·高三辽宁实验中学校考阶段练习)
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I joined the Peace Corps and became a volunteer teacher in Namibia, my country of assignment (任务). Honestly, my first choice wasn’t Africa, but I am extremely grateful that I was sent there.
Various tribes and racial groups live in Namibia and a number of languages are spoken. When Namibia gained independence in 1990, English became the official language. Teachers were supposed to teach in English, but many lacked the language skills to do so. My job was to train the teachers.
Schools were quite bare. Some classrooms consisted merely of sticks stuck in the sand and a metal roof. Each student had only one threadbare uniform. The students had exhausting days. They walked miles to get to school, often barefoot. They also did many daily chores. Even with their mountains of work, few possessions and little opportunity, these children were joyful. I admired that.
This was my first time living abroad in a different culture. Simply adapting to the living conditions was a big adjustment. I had no electricity, running water, phone or Internet. Imagine no air conditioning where the temperature was often above 38 degrees Celsius! However, I could end each day with a splendid African sunset. And at night, I could have an incredible pollution-free view of the entire Milky Way (银河).
Before Namibia, I never thought a girl like me would adapt to such an environment. My experience awakened me to not only the limitations we place on ourselves, but also our amazing ability to adapt.
Step outside of your comfort zone and throw yourself in another culture. You won’t regret it.
4. What do we know about Namibia before 1990
A. Everyone could speak many languages. B. Teachers taught English as an official language.
C. It was ruled by other countries. D. Teachers had a good command of English.
5. What does the underlined word “threadbare” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Ancient. B. Uncomfortable. C. Ugly. D. Shabby.
6. Which of the following best describes the author according to Paragraph 4
A. Honest and fearless. B. Brave and clever.
C. Adaptable and optimistic. D. Generous and kind.
7. Why did the author feel grateful to volunteer in Namibia
A. She gained pure friendship from African children.
B. The beautiful scenery in Africa impressed her a lot.
C. She succeeded in challenging her limits.
D. Africans’ hard life touched her deeply.
C
（2023·山东威海·统考模拟）
Young and old alike can be crazy about a new finding by researchers at Ohio State University and the University of Chicago. There is hope for us all when it comes to creativity, they say.
According to the study, which focused on the 31 most notable Nobel Prize winners in economics, there are two types of creativity that can blossom at different points in a person’s life. Conceptual innovators tend to do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their fifties.
They explain in the paper that there are conceptual thinkers, who seek to communicate specific ideas or emotions and have precise goals for their works, planning them carefully in advance, and carrying them out systematically. Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein both did their greatest work in youth. However, experimental innovators build on their knowledge and accept theories throughout their careers and ultimately find new and innovative ways to analyze that knowledge. These thinkers tend to do their best work later in life. The paper cites Virginia Woolf and Charles Darwin as late bloomers.
The study states, “Many scholars believe that creativity is only associated with youth. Two 54-year-old Harvard scholars were denied offers of tenured professorships (终身教授) due to concerns of the so-called problem of “extinct volcanoes.”
Their findings suggest that this kind of biased (有偏见的) thinking leads to bad decisions. It ignores the fact that there are different types of innovators and that different problems demand different kinds of contributions and solutions. They hope their work will gradually remove the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses(早熟的天才) and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age. Weinberg, the co-author of the study, said,“We believe what we found in this study isn’t limited to economics, but could apply to creativity more generally.”
8. Which of the following can replace the underlined “blossom”
A. Fully develop. B. Suddenly change.
C. Gradually fade. D. Repeatedly emerge.
9. What determines a person’s most creative period according to the study
A. Age or career. B. Education background.
C. Type of thinking. D. Exposure to diverse ideas.
10. What does the writer want to stress in the last paragraph
A. Creativity breeds success.
B. Creativity knows no age limit.
C. Solutions need diverse creativity.
D. Favoritism for geniuses limits creativity.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude to the new findings
A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Positive. D. Critical.
D
（2023·山东德州·市第一中学校联考模拟预测）
Many scholars agree that a meaningful existence comes down to three factors: the coherence of one’s life, the possession of clear long-term goals and the belief that one’s life matters. But we believe there is another element to consider.
Imagine the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or the scenery atop a hill after a fresh hike. Sometimes existence delivers us small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may enhance how they view their life. We call this element experiential appreciation, an ability to detect and admire life’s inner beauty as events happen.
To better understand this appreciation, we conducted a series of studies involving over 3,000 participants. Initially, we had participants rate their coping strategies to relieve their stress. Those managing stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the follow-ups, we asked them to rate the extent to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I have a great appreciation for the beauty of life” and other statements related to coherence, purpose, existential mattering. Our results showed that the more people indicated that they were “appreciating life”, the more they felt their existence valuable. In the subsequent experiment, we further explored the phenomenon by asking participants to watch an awe-inspiring video, they also reported having a greater sense of experiential appreciation and meaning in life in these moments, compared with those watching more neutral videos.
The final results confirmed our original theory: appreciating small things can make life feel more meaningful. But applying that insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced, project-oriented lifestyles fill the day with targets. We are on the go, attempting to maximize our output. This makes it easy to miss what is happening right now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the significance every day.
12．What is the author’s belief in meaningful life
A．Owning the coherence of life.
B．Setting a long-term career goal.
C．Valuing what matters just to us.
D．Enjoying present beauty of life.
13．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The approach to conducting the studies.
B．The analysis of the specific objectives.
C．The necessity of a long-term goal in life.
D．The logic behind experiential appreciation.
14．What challenges us to feel more meaningful life according to the text
A．Our fast-paced modern lifestyle.
B．The lack of employment chances.
C．Our focus on individual feelings.
D．The ignorance of future outcomes.
15．What can be the best title of the passage
A．Appreciating the past.
B．Living in the moment.
C．Finding yourself back.
D．Embracing the future.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·河南洛阳·高三统考阶段练习）
Ways to Hear English Everywhere
In English learning, hearing was necessary for you to start speaking. The more English you put in , the more you’ll get out! So how can you hear a lot of English when you’re not in an
English-speaking country or family 16
Listen to English radio
You can receive English-language radio in most countries. Two major international networks are the BBC World Service and Voice of America. 17 . You can find information about times and frequencies for your country on their websites.
18
It is now a lot easier to hear English by Internet, If you’re reading this on your computer or mobile device, you can probably listen to some English-language radio news right now, without even moving! And of course, you can find endless videos in English on YouTube and similar websites.
Listen to songs in English
Songs in English are everywhere, even on foreign-language radio and TV stations. Listen to them often. Buy some MP3s or CDs, or make recordings, and try to write the words for an entire song. 19 . That means it should be reasonably slow, and with real words sung clearly. Some pop songs are very unclear and are difficult even for native English-speakers to understand fully!
Get English-speaking friends
Try to make friends with English-speaking people so that you can practise your English through conversation, Of course, this will improve your speaking as well as your listening. 20 , at least you can chat a little by telephone.
A．Watch/Listen to English by Internet
B．Go to cinemas with English-language movies
C．You should choose one that is not too difficult
D．If you don’t have a lot of time to go out and meet people
E．Both of them have special programmes for learners of English
F．Because you can use video to record programmes from television
G．Fortunately, there are many ways of hearing English in almost all countries
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·江苏·统考二模）
It wasn’t easy to practice gratitude (感激) every day. After I 1 Cushing’s disease and had an operation a few years ago, my 2 was that everything would be OK. However, I was wrong. I had ongoing aches and pains, and 3 myself to a new life was difficult for me. I began to notice that I’d become a 4 person.
One day, I heard a discussion about gratitude by Dr Tony Evans. It 5 me and forced me to take a long, hard, honest look at myself. I have a (n) 6 spouse (配偶) and parents. I’d heard the stories of other people’s struggles with Cushing’s disease. Their spouses had left them and they didn’t have family to 7 . I didn’t face any of these problems, yet I didn’t realize that.
I made a decision to start practicing gratitude daily. Once I decided that, my 8 improved, and I began to approach situations 9 . Instead of viewing situations negatively, I started to see them as 10 .
This led me to practice the concept of sowing and reaping (收获), which I learned from my parents. They didn’t just talk the talk, but rather they 11 this concept to us. 12 , it wasn’t until I had my own experiences that I understood what it meant.
Let me explain. When I was 13 by my own pity, my harvest in life was ruined, because everything I was 14 was negative. Since I started practicing gratitude, so many different doors of opportunity have opened up for me.
My advice is starting practicing gratitude until it becomes a part of your daily 15 . Take note of the difference it will make in your life.
1．A．caught B．treated C．studied D．spread
2．A．suggestion B．assumption C．description D．solution
3．A．referring B．abandoning C．releasing D．adjusting
4．A．reasonable B．considerate C．generous D．hateful
5．A．annoyed B．challenged C．fooled D．ignored
6．A．supportive B．creative C．sensitive D．active
7．A．turn up B．turn in C．turn to D．turn down
8．A．image B．taste C．mood D．character
9．A．obviously B．differently C．greedily D．frequently
10．A．opportunities B．responsibilities C．abilities D．difficulties
11．A．reported B．explained C．performed D．demonstrated
12．A．Instead B．Besides C．However D．Therefore
13．A．consumed B．surprised C．protected D．judged
14．A．raising B．sowing C．meeting D．learning
15．A．burden B．supply C．routine D．struggle
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·湖北省新高考联考协作体高三试题）
Three Chinese astronauts arrived Thursday at China’s new space station on a three-month mission, marking another huge 1 (succeed) in the country’s space program.
Their Shenzhou-12 spacecraft connected with the space station about six hours after taking off from the Jiuquan satellite center. 2 crew will test equipment, carry out experiments and prepare the station for 3 (receive) another two units next year.
For Nie Haisheng, it is his third trip to space. For Liu Boming, it is his second one，following a mission in 2008 4 included China’s first spacewalk. Tang Hongbo, who 5 (select) as one of the candidates in 2010, is flying in space for the first time.
The mission is the third of 11 planned through next year to add the 6 (addition) sections to the station and send up crews and supplies. A fresh three-member crew and a cargo ship with supplies will be sent 7 three months.
Future missions to the station will include women, with 8 (stay) extended to as long as six months 9 as many as six astronauts on the station at a time during crew changeovers.
With China stepping up international cooperation and exchanges, it’s only a matter of time for the station 10 (welcome) astronauts from different countries in the near future.
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。该文章介绍了四个适合小镇旅行的目的地：美国俄勒冈州的麦克敏维尔，秘鲁的奥廉泰坦博，印度的曼达瓦和澳大利亚的洛恩。这些地方都有其独特的吸引力，可以为成人周末旅行或环球旅行增添色彩。 1．细节理解题。根据McMinnville, Oregon部分中“Winery tasting rooms, a quaint downtown and boutique hotels make this city southwest of Portland a natural destination for an adults-only weekend getaway. (酿酒厂的品酒室，古色古香的市中心和精品酒店使这座位于波特兰西南部的城市成为一个只有成年人才能享受周末度假的自然目的地。)”可知，在俄勒冈州的麦克明维尔，你可以参观葡萄酒厂的品酒室，这意味着你可以尝试各种各样的葡萄酒。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Mandawa, India部分中“This small town was a part of the ancient Silk Road trading gateway between China and the Middle East, Today, it’s filled with frescos, havelis (multistory buildings with courtyards) and wall paintings that have transformed it into an open-air art gallery. (这个小镇是古代丝绸之路的一部分，是中国和中东之间的贸易门户。今天，这里到处都是壁画、带有庭院的多层建筑和壁画，这些壁画已经把它变成了一个露天艺术画廊。)”可知，在此处可以欣赏到古代的多层建筑和壁画，故此地适合喜欢古代艺术的人。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Newstweek’s Fast Women recommend these small towns wholeheartedly—from our own travels, or on the trusted advice of close friends. (《新闻周刊——快女人》真心实意地推荐了这些小镇——从我们自己的旅行中，或者从亲密朋友的可靠建议中。)”以及通读全文可知，文章是《新闻周刊——快女人》部分中推荐了四个适合小镇旅行的目的地，《新闻周刊——快女人》为一本杂志，故推断文章出自于一个旅游杂志。故选A。
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者到非洲做志愿者的工作经历以及感悟。 4. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“Namibia gained independence in 1990”可知，纳米比亚在1990年获得独立，所以在1990年以前纳米比亚是被其他国家统治的，故选C。 5. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“often barefoot”以及“few possessions”可知，孩子们的生活非常艰苦，而且由画线词前面的“only one”可知，他们每人仅有一件校服，所以“threadbare”应表示“破旧的”，故只有D项“shabby”符合语境，故选D。 6 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Simply adapting to the living conditions was a big adjustment. ”(仅仅是适应生活条件就需要很大的调整)可知作者适应了当地的生活环境，体现出其适应能力很强。根据“I had no electricity，running water，phone or Internet. Imagine no air conditioning where the temperature was often above 38 degrees Celsius! ”(没有电，没有自来水，没有电话，也没有互联网。想象一下，没有空调，那里的温度往往高于38摄氏度)可知纳米比亚的生活条件很艰苦，可是作者却能“end each day with a splendid African sunset”(在灿烂的非洲日落中结束每一天)以及“have an incredible pollution-free view of the entire Milky Way”(欣赏瑰丽的银河系)，由此可知，作者是一个非常乐观的人，故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I am extremely grateful that I was sent there”(我很感激被派到那里)以及倒数第二段中的“My experience awakened me to not only the limitations we place on ourselves，but also our amazing ability to adapt.”（我的经历不仅让我意识到我们给自己设置的限制，也让我意识到我们惊人的适应能力）和最后一段内容可知，这段经历让作者意识到走出自己的舒适区并且在另一个环境中挑战自己的极限的重要意义，所以关于这段经历她心存感激。C项中的“challenging her limits”照应了文中的“awakened me to not only the limitations”，故选C。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学和芝加哥大学的研究人员发现，创造力没有年龄限制，我们所有人都有希望有创造力。 8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Conceptual innovators tend to do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their fifties.(概念创新者往往在25岁左右做最好的工作，而实验创新者则在50岁左右达到顶峰。)”和划线单词所在句子“there are two types of creativity that can blossom at different points in a person’s life. (在一个人的一生中，有两种类型的创造力可以在不同的时刻blossom。)”可知，概念创新者往往在25岁左右做最好的工作，而实验创新者则在50岁左右达到顶峰，这说明具有这两种创造力的人在不同的时刻会做到最好，即得到充分发展，所以画线单词“blossom”与A项“充分发展”意思一样，故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“They explain in the paper that there are conceptual thinkers, who seek to communicate specific ideas or emotions and have precise goals for their works, planning them carefully in advance, and carrying them out systematically. Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein both did their greatest work in youth. ( 他们在论文中解释说，有一些概念思想家，他们试图传达具体的想法或情感，并为他们的工作有明确的目标，事先仔细计划，并系统地执行它们。巴勃罗·毕加索和阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦都在青年时期完成了他们最伟大的作品。)”可推知，根据这项研究，一个人最具创造力的时期是由思考方式来决定的，故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They hope their work will gradually remove the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses(早熟的天才) and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age.(他们希望他们的工作将逐渐消除世界对早熟天才的偏爱以及对随着年龄增长而产生的创造力的无知。)”可知，作者想在最后一段强调创造力没有年龄限制。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Their findings suggest that this kind of biased (有偏见的) thinking leads to bad decisions. It ignores the fact that there are different types of innovators and that different problems demand different kinds of contributions and solutions.(他们的发现表明，这种有偏见的想法会导致错误的决定。它忽略了这样一个事实，即有不同类型的创新者，不同的问题需要不同类型的贡献和解决方案。)”可知，作者认为这项新的研究既有有点也有缺点，由此可推知，作者对该项新研究的观点是客观的，故选B。
【答案】12．D 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是体验性欣赏的好处以及我们要活在当下，欣赏生活中的美。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Many scholars agree that a meaningful existence comes down to three factors: the coherence of one’s life, the possession of clear long-term goals and the belief that one’s life matters. But we believe there is another element to consider.(许多学者认为，一个有意义的存在归结为三个因素：一个人的生命的连贯性，拥有明确的长期目标，相信自己的生命是重要的。但我们认为还有另一个因素需要考虑。)”，第二段的“We call this element experiential appreciation, an ability to detect and admire life’s inner beauty as events happen.(我们称这种元素为体验性欣赏，一种在事件发生时发现和欣赏生活内在美的能力。)”和最后一段的“Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the significance every day.(然而，生活就发生在当下。我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜，拥抱每一天的意义。)”可知，作者对有意义的生活的信念是享受当下的生活之美。故选D。 13．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Our results showed that the more people indicated that they were “appreciating life”, the more they felt their existence valuable. In the subsequent experiment, we further explored the phenomenon by asking participants to watch an awe-inspiring video, they also reported having a greater sense of experiential appreciation and meaning in life in these moments, compared with those watching more neutral videos.(我们的研究结果显示，越多的人表示他们“欣赏生活”，他们就越觉得自己的存在有价值。在随后的实验中，我们通过要求参与者观看令人敬畏的视频进一步探索了这一现象，他们也报告说，与那些观看更中性视频的人相比，他们在这些时刻有更大的体验感激感和生活意义。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是体验式欣赏背后的逻辑。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Our modern, fast-paced, project-oriented lifestyles fill the day with targets. We are on the go, attempting to maximize our output. This makes it easy to miss what is happening right now.(我们现代、快节奏、以项目为导向的生活方式让每一天都充满了目标。我们忙得不可开交，试图使我们的产出最大化。这使得我们很容易忽略正在发生的事情。)”可知，我们快节奏的现代生活方式使感受更有意义的生活有了挑战。故选A。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“We call this element experiential appreciation, an ability to detect and admire life’s inner beauty as events happen.(我们称这种元素为体验性欣赏，一种在事件发生时发现和欣赏生活内在美的能力。)”和最后一段的“Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the significance every day.(然而，生活就发生在当下。我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜，拥抱每一天的意义。)”可知，本文主要讲的是体验性欣赏的好处以及我们要活在当下，欣赏生活中的美，因此最好的题目是B选项“Living in the moment.(活在当下。)”。故选B。
【答案】16．G 17．E 18．A 19．C 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种可以随时随地听英语的方法。 16．空前“So how can you hear a lot of English when you’re not in an English-speaking country or family (那么当你不在一个讲英语的国家或家庭时，你怎么能听到很多英语呢？)”是特殊疑问句，提问如何听到很多英语，G选项“Fortunately, there are many ways of hearing English in almost all countries (幸运的是，几乎所有国家都有很多听英语的方法)”是对该问题的回答，承接上文。故选G。 17．空前“Two major international networks are the BBC World Service and Voice of America. (两个主要的国际广播是BBC和VOA)”提及到了两个主要的国际广播，选项E“Both of them have special programmes for learners of English (这两个广播都有专门为英语学习者设置的节目)”中的Both of them呼应上文的BBC和VOA，承接上文。故选E。 18．该空位于小标题的位置，根据其他段落的小标题可知，为祈使句。根据第三段内容“It is now a lot easier to hear English by Internet, If you’re reading this on your computer or mobile device, you can probably listen to some English-language radio news right now, without even moving! (现在通过互联网听英语要容易得多，如果你正在电脑前阅读此文，那么你可以不挪窝就立刻听到英语广播新闻！)”可知，本段着重强调通过互联网的方式听英语，所以A选项“Watch/Listen to English by Internet (通过互联网看或听英语)”符合本段标题。故选A。 19．后文“That means it should be reasonably slow, and with real words sung clearly. (这意味着它应该相当缓慢，并用清晰的歌词演唱)”提到歌词速度要缓慢且歌词要清晰，关键词“That means”表明空后句子是对该空的具体解释。C选项“You should choose one that is not too difficult (你应该选择首不太难的)”整体先建议选择一首不太难的歌曲，后文开始进一步描述，选项中not too difficult呼应后文的reasonably slow和real words sung clearly。故选C。 20．由本段小标题“Get English-speaking friends(结交说英语的朋友)”可知，本段主要描述交几个说英语的朋友。D选项“If you don’t have a lot of time to go out and meet people (如果你没有太多时间出去见别人)”中的“people”呼应本段标题，且与后文“at least you can chat a little by telephone. (至少也能通过电话进行点交流)”构成条件关系，如果没有时间去见面，可以进行电话交流。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者因为疾病变得充满憎恨。在一次听了关于感恩的讨论并审视自己后，作者决定每一天都践行感恩，也明白了种下什么因就会有什么果。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我感染了库欣病并做了手术后，我的假设是一切都会好起来的。A. caught抓住，患病；B. treated对待，治疗；C. studied学习，研究；D. spread传播，散布。根据下文“I had ongoing aches and pains”可知，作者患上了库欣病。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. suggestion建议；B. assumption假设，猜测；C. description描述；D. solution解决方法。根据下文“However, I was wrong”可知，“一切都会好起来”是作者假设的情况。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直有疼痛，让自己适应新生活对我来说很困难。A. referring涉及，查阅；B. abandoning抛弃，遗弃；C. releasing释放；D. adjusting校对，调整，适应。根据“However, I was wrong. I had ongoing aches and pains”可知，作者的库欣病并没有好，因此推知他需要适应新的生活。故选D。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始注意到我已经变成了一个充满憎恨的人。A. reasonable合理的；B. considerate体贴的，周到的；C. generous大方的，慷慨的；D. hateful可恶的，充满憎恨的人。结合作者患病的事情和“and 　　3　　 myself to a new life was difficult for me.”和生活常识可知，作者因为这些事情性情大变，内心充满憎恨。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它挑战了我，迫使我长时间、认真、诚实地审视自己。A. annoyed使……生气；B. challenged挑战；C. fooled愚弄；D. ignored忽略，忽视。根据“forced me to take a long, hard, honest look at myself.”推知，作者听到的关于感恩的讨论给了他挑战，迫使他审视自己。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一个支持我的配偶和父母A. supportive支持的；B. creative有创造力的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. active积极的。根据下文“Their spouses had left them and they didn’t have family to 　　7　　. I didn’t face any of these problems, yet I didn’t realize that.”推知，不像其他患者那样被配偶抛弃，作者有一个支持自己的配偶。故选A。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的配偶已经离开了他们，他们没有家人可以求助。A. turn up调高，出现；B. turn in上交；C. turn to转向，求助于；D. turn down调低，拒绝。呼应上文“Their spouses had left them”可知，那些患者也没有家人可以求助。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦我决定了这一点，我的情绪就好转了，我应对各种情况（的态度）也不一样了。A. image形象；B. taste味道；C. mood情绪；D. character角色，汉字，性格。根据上文“I began to notice that I’d become a 　　4　　 person.”以及“I made a decision to start practicing gratitude daily. ”推知，决定带着感恩的心态活着时，作者的情绪好了很多。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obviously明显地，显然；B. differently不同地；C. greedily贪婪地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文“Instead of viewing situations negatively, I started to see them as 　　10　　.”推知，作者应对各种情况也和之前不一样了。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再消极地看待各种情况，而是开始把它们视为机遇。A. opportunities机会，机遇；B. responsibilities责任；C. abilities能力；D. difficulties困难。根据“Instead of viewing situations negatively”可知，作者把自己遇到的情况看作机遇，而不再是麻烦和问题。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不只是说说而已，而是向我们展示了这个概念。A. reported报道；B. explained解释；C. performed表演，表现；D. demonstrated证明，展示。根据“They didn’t just talk the talk”可知，父母不仅只是说说“播种和收获”这个概念，并用行动向作者展示了。故选D。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我有了自己的经历，我才明白这是什么意思。A. Instead相反；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。上文“父母对概念的展示”和此处“作者通过亲身经历才明白这个概念”之间为转折关系。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我被自己的怜悯所吞噬时，我的人生收获就毁了，因为我所播种的一切都是消极的。 A. consumed消费，消耗；B. surprised使……吃惊；C. protected保护；D. judged判断。根据“my harvest in life was ruined”可知，此处指作者顾影自怜时，即他被怜悯吞噬时。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. raising提高，喂养，种植；B. sowing播种；C. meeting遇见；D. learning学习，了解。根据上文“the concept of sowing and reaping”和本句harvest可知，此处是指“收获”被毁是因为种下的一切都是消极的。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的建议是开始实践感恩，直到它成为你日常生活的一部分。A. burden负担，重担；B. supply供给；C. routine日常；D. struggle挣扎。根据上文“I made a decision to start practicing gratitude daily.”可知，此处作者建议人们练习感恩，直到它成为日常生活的一部分。故选C。
【答案】1．success 2．The 3．receiving 4．that/which 5．was selected 6．additional 7．in/within 8．stays 9．and 10．to welcome 【导语】本文一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国航天员顺利进驻天宫空间站这一重大新闻。 1．考查名词。句意：三名中国航天员星期四抵达中国新建的国际空间站，开始为期三个月的任务，标志着中国太空计划的又一巨大成功。根据空前的“marking another huge”可知，设空处应填所给动词succeed的名词形式success，作宾语。故填success。 2．考查冠词。句意：该乘组将测试设备，进行实验，并为明年对接另外两个实验舱做准备。此处的____2____ crew指前面提到的Three Chinese astronauts，表特指，填定冠词the，设空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填The。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：该乘组将测试设备，进行实验，并为明年对接另外两个实验舱做准备。分析句子结构可知，设空处作介词for的宾语，用所给动词receive的动名词receiving。故填receiving。 4．考查定语从句。句意：对于刘伯明来说，这是他继2008年任务后的第二次太空之旅，那一次实现了中国第一次太空行走。句子结构分析可知，“____4____ included China’s first spacewalk”是一个限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词a mission in 2008，在句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 5．考查动词时态和语态。句意：汤洪波于2010年被选为预备航天员，这是他第一次在太空飞行。设空处在who引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“in 2010”可知此句用一般过去时。从句主语who与动词select之间为被动关系，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，who指代先行词Tang Hongbo作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was selected。 6．考查形容词。句意：这次任务是计划在明年之前进行的11次任务中的第三次，这些任务将为空间站增加额外的部分，并向空间站运送人员和物资。设空处在句中作定语修饰名词sections，用所给名词的形容词additional。故填additional。 7．考查介词。句意：三个月后/内，另外三名航天员以及一艘载有补给品的货运飞船将被送入太空。根据空前的将来时态可知，此处用“in+一段时间”表示“在（某段时间）之后”，或者用“within+一段时间”表示“不出（某段时间），在（某段时间）之内”。故填in/within。 8．考查名词复数。句意：未来前往空间站的任务将包括女性，她们在空间站停留的时间将延长至6个月，在机组人员更换期间，一次最多有六名宇航员在空间站。stay此处为可数名词，且此处为“with的复合结构；根据空前的Future missions可知，未来的任务不止一次，此处用所给名词stay的复数形式。故填stays。 9．考查连词。句意：未来前往空间站的任务将包括女性，她们在空间站停留的时间将延长至6个月，在机组人员更换期间，一次最多有六名宇航员在空间站。根据句意以及句子结构分析可知，as long as six months与as many as six astronauts是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国加强国际合作与交流，在不久的将来，空间站欢迎来自不同国家的宇航员只是时间问题。句子结构分析可知，句中it作形式主语，动词的不定式作真正主语，设空处应填动词welcome的不定式。故填to welcome。2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感
【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练
第【30】天 自我评测
日期 用时（建议60分钟内） 成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日 分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·山东济宁·高三曲阜一中校考期中)
September Classes
When: September 1, 15 & 28, 2024, from 10 am to 11:30 am
Application Deadline: August 28, 2024
Cost: $12 per participant
Location: Cook Museum of Natural Science, 133 Fourth Avenue, Decatur, Alabama
Registration:
Limited spots are available. Those who would like to participate in the class should register and pay the $12 fee in advance. Admission to the Exhibits is not included. There are two ways to register: go to the Guest Services desk in the museum directly or contact the Group Sales department during regular weekday business hours at groups @cookmuseum.org or (256) 898-6312.
September Class Topics:
All About Squid (鱿鱼) Grade Levels: 5th-12th Maximum: 15 participants Investigate the amazing body structure of these creatures!Most people refer to squid as great food and the golden fried rings are hard to resist, but for researchers, these creatures have been subjects of scientific study for four decades. In this interactive class, participants will cut open a squid and study how their unique design allows them to catch food and escape from enemies.
Weather Watchers Grade Levels: K-4th Maximum: 10 participants Weather events such as clouds, lightning and storms can be so astonishing that we sometimes forget that it isn’t magic — it is SCIENCE!With Weather Watchers, participants step into the shoes of meteorologists (气象学家) and learn the formation of local weather events. Interactive demonstrations allow the participants to watch the development of clouds, lightning and storms in the classroom. Participants will also work together to create their own weather station. Together, they will explore why these local weather events are so important to native animals and plants.
1. What is the closing date for September Classes registration
A. August 28. B. September 1. C. September 15. D. September 28.
2. How can participants sign up for the classes
A. Go to the Group Sales department. B. Visit the Guest Services desk in person.
C. Call (256) 898-6312 on weekends. D. Email Cook Museum’s website.
3. What can participants do in the class for K-4th students
A. Tour around a weather station. B. Explore local animals and plants.
C. Observe natural disasters outdoors. D. Learn the secrets behind the weather.
B
（2023·浙江温州·统考一模）
Five-year-old Mustafa is smiling for the first time in ages. She did not receive a new toy or her favorite candy; rather, she got a wig (假发).
Mustafa had to go through painful procedures after being diagnosed (诊断) with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lost her hair after months of chemotherapy (化疗). “She saw children her age jumping in playgrounds and spending hours styling their hair, while she couldn’t. Losing her hair made her hopeless, negatively impacting her response to treatment,” the girl’s father said.
Coming from a less fortunate family, Mustafa now sits in a humble hairdresser’s in Cairo, sliding her fingers through her new long hair as she looks in the mirror with fresh enthusiasm. Behind that smile and renewed confidence is Salam, from Egypt, who has been personally funding and designing free wigs for children with cancer to give them power to defeat their illness.
Salam took up his mission when he saw a viral video on social media of a young cancer patient who was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the moment when he decided to provide free wigs to children with cancer to lift up their spirits. “Many families can barely afford expensive cancer treatment costs, let alone costly cosmetic (美容) services that can play a huge role in restoring children’s confidence and giving them strength to continue their treatment,” said Salam.
As part of the self-funded initiative, Salam purchases the necessary requirements to make a wig, while his father helps design hairstyles to serve different children. So far, Salam has helped over 15 children walk out of his shop empowered with big smiles.
Despite the several challenges, Salam said making wigs gives him as much happiness as it does for his young customers. “Children need the emotional and moral support to go through this tough illness.” He added, “Losing their hair drives them to withdraw into themselves out of fear and embarrassment. I cannot help in their treatment, but I can help them get through it.”
4．Why are a toy and candy mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To suggest the girl’s age.
B．To imply a serious illness.
C．To show the shortage of toys.
D．To highlight the value of the wig.
5．What can be learned from the father’s words
A．Hair style matters much.
B．Sports benefit Mustafa.
C．Hair loss depressed Mustafa.
D．Mustafa’s treatment failed.
6．What led to Salam’s decision on the mission
A．His sympathy.
B．Family support.
C．Govemment fund.
D．Mustafa’s enthusiasm.
7．What kind of person is Salam according to the passage
A．Cautious and creative. B．Inspiring and talented.
C．Caring and determined. D．Ambitious and patient.
C
（2023·湖南娄底·名校联考信息卷）
In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the ”Ice Ribbon“, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.
In the Winter Olympics, where races can be won or lost by a small time gap, tiny imperfections in the ice can make all the differences. ”It’s not just a hunk of ice like you’d normally think of, like ice cubes sitting in your freezer,“ told Kenneth Golden, a U. S. mathematician who studies the structures of ice. ”It’s a much more fascinating and complex substance than people would normally think.“
The first step for building any ice rink is to purify the water to remove dissolved solids like salts and minerals. Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal(六边形的)structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water, the more consistent the ice surface.
In addition to the need for excellence in the raw materials of ice-making, technology is also very important, As one of the most advanced technologies for winter sports venues, a carbon dioxide cooling technology has been applied on a large scale for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CO2 , is not new when it comes to ice-making. However, it has been gradually replaced by the man-made refrigerant, like Freon.
With increasing attention toward climate change, the old refrigerant has come into use again. As an element of the atmosphere, CO2, doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other synthetic refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.
”We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way.“ told Gao Bo from the Media Operations Department of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.
8．What is the result of impurities in water for ice-making
A．The water isn’t able to freeze completely.
B．The quality of the ice will be affected.
C．The ice surface will be more consistent.
D．It’s likely for athletes to fall on the ice.
9．Why has CO2 cooling technology been applied for the Winter Olympic Games
A．It’s the most advanced technology for ice-making.
B．CO2 is more efficient than other refrigerants.
C．CO2 is more environmentally friendly than Freon.
D．CO2 has already existed in the atmosphere.
10．What is Gao Bo’s attitude to CO2 being applied to ice-making
A．Unclear. B．Opposed. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Beijing Winter Olympic Games Are Coming
B．Beneath Olympic Ice
C．The Use of Refrigerants in Olympic Games
D．The Structure of Ice
D
（2023·辽宁大连·高三统考一模）
We live in an age when all scientific knowledge — from the safety of vaccines (疫苗) to the reality of climate change — faces organized and often angry opposition. Doubters have declared war on the consensus (共识) of experts. It seems that people have turned argumentative overnight.
In a sense, all this is not surprising. Our lives are affected by science and technology as never before. The world seems full of real and imaginary dangers. Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you’ll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural powers.
In this often confusing world, we need to rely on science to decide whether what we choose to believe has a basis in the laws of nature or not. But science doesn’t come naturally to most of us. Science has often led us to truths that are really mind-blowing. For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept.
Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics. When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers. Yet two things happening together doesn’t mean one caused the other. Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen beliefs that have already been shaped by their worldview.
How can scientists convince doubters Throwing more facts at people may not be enough. More efforts are supposed to be made.
12．What’s the text mainly about
A．How people view the world. B．What challenges science faces.
C．Whether science is worth respect. D．Why people show disbelief in science.
13．What does the underlined word “mind-blowing” probably mean
A．Unbelievable. B．Desirable. C．Dangerous. D．Obvious.
14．How do “people” in paragraph 4 understand the world
A．They apply logical thinking.
B．They stick to their own beliefs.
C．They form the views on assumptions.
D．They rely on the information on the Internet.
15．How does the author prove his opinions
A．Through comparison. B．Through quotation.
C．By giving examples. D．By making definitions.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东广州·广州六中校考三模）
If you had to choose between spending all your pocket money on games and snacks, or saving some of it for the future, which would you choose 16 When you have the opportunity to treat yourself to your favourite things, it can be really hard to say no. Before you know it, all your money is gone!
It’s easy to see the fun in buying an ice-cream or going shopping with friends. 17 That’s because saving creates opportunities and opens the door to adventures. Suddenly it doesn’t seem quite so boring when you realise saving money is the key to making your dreams come true.
18 It’s good to give yourself a mix of short-term and long-term goals, so think of something you’d like to buy that you could save up for in a few weeks. Write down how much it costs, then work out how much you can afford to save each week and how long it will take you to reach your goal. It’s important to be realistic because you’ll soon get bored if you plan to save every single penny.
It helps to keep your savings separate from the rest of your money, so that you don’t accidentally spend it. 19 Most people choose to save their money in a savings account, as this gives them an opportunity to earn interest. Some savings accounts allow you to withdraw money whenever you like, but some will keep your money locked away for several years or until you become an adult.
If you’re new to saving, start off by thinking of some fun goals. Every penny you save takes you one step closer to reaching your goal. 20
A．What could be more exciting than that
B．You could use a money box or a savings account.
C．Or, do you prefer to spend it on your favourite novels
D．The key to successful saving is setting yourself a goal.
E．With a savings account, you can spend your money freely.
F．Think about this as we all have to make such decisions again and again.
G．However, you might be surprised to hear that saving money can be even more exciting.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·辽宁大连·高三双基测试）
One day, a girl came upon a cocoon, and she could tell that a butterfly was trying to 1 . She waited and watched the butterfly struggle for hours to 2 itself from the tiny hole. 3 , the butterfly stopped moving, it seemed to be 4 . The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out and with a pair of scissors cut open the cocoon. The butterfly was then 5 able to escape. However, its body was swollen (肿胀的) and its wings were 6 .
The girl still thought she had done the butterfly a favor as she sat there waiting for its wings to grow in order to 7 its body. That wasn’t happening. The butterfly was unable to fly, and for the rest of its life, it could only move by crawling around with little wings and a 8 body. Despite the girl’s good intentions, she didn’t understand that the 9 of the butterfly’s cocoon and the struggle the butterfly had to 10 in order to escape served an important purpose. As butterflies 11 from tight cocoons and stretch wings out, it forces liquid from their body into their wings to prepare them to be able to fly.
The 12 that we face in life help us grow and get stronger. There is often a reason behind the requirement of being 13 and persistent. When bearing difficult times, we will develop the necessary 14 that we’ll need in the future. Without having any struggles, we won’t grow, which means it’s very important to 15 personal challenges ourselves rather than relying on other people to always help us.
1．A．hatch B．hang C．swing D．nest
2．A．trap B．release C．wrap D．throw
3．A．Even so B．Sooner or later C．All of a sudden D．As usual
4．A．scared B．sought C．kicked D．stuck
5．A．easily B．hardly C．merely D．slightly
6．A．overestimated B．underdeveloped C．overgrown D．underfed
7．A．protect B．shade C．support D．survive
8．A．tiny B．skinny C．strong D．large
9．A．conservation B．restriction C．tension D．variation
10．A．come out B．pull up C．go through D．leave off
11．A．run B．recover C．generate D．emerge
12．A．struggles B．adventures C．details D．guidelines
13．A．industrious B．tolerant C．superior D．straightforward
14．A．carefulness B．strength C．optimism D．patience
15．A．hold onto B．turn down C．take on D．bring up
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·广东深圳·深圳外国语学校校考阶段练习)
As an epic which brings back to life some of the most iconic poets from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the highly anticipated animated movie Chang’an 1 (release) nationwide on July 8.
The film is the seventh production of Light Chaser Animation Studios, often 2 (refer) to as “China’s Pixar” because of its successes since its 3 (establish) in 2013. It gained an 8 out of 10 rating on the Chinese film and review website Douban, 4 (unusual) high for a Chinese animated movie.
With a runtime of 168 minutes — the 5 (long) of any Chinese animated movie to date Chang’an presents the decades-long friendship of Li Bai, and Gao Shi, his close friend and 6 renowned poet, during the dynasty’s transition from peak prosperity to the turmoil (动乱). It was caused by the rebellion led by An Lushan, once one of Emperor Xuanzong’s most favored 7 (general).
Xie Junwei, 8 co-directs the movie with Zou Jing, says that he has made multiple trips to Xi’an in search of inspiration during the creative process. He revealed that the sculptures and ancient paintings exhibited at the Shaanxi History Museum provided them 9 invaluable ideas for the film.
One audience said, “Every Chinese has a Tang dream, and this movie takes me back to the Great Tang Empire, 10 (inspire) me to feel ultimate idealism, romanticism and inclusiveness.”
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. A 2. B 2. D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了九月课程的具体信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据Application Deadline部分的August 28, 2024(2024年8月28日)”可知，9月班报名截止日期为8月28日。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据Registration部分的“There are two ways to register: go to the Guest Services desk in the museum directly or contact the Group Sales department during regular weekday business hours at groups@cookmuseum.org or (256) 898-6312.(报名有两种方式:直接到博物馆的宾客服务台，或在工作日正常营业时间内致电groups@cookmuseum.org或(256)898-6312与集团销售部联系。)”可知，学员可亲自到宾客服务台报名参加课程。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据Weather Watchers部分的“With Weather Watchers, participants step into the shoes of meteorologists (气象学家) and learn the formation of local weather events. …Together, they will explore why these local weather events are so important to native animals and plants.(在“天气观察者”项目中，参与者将扮演气象学家的角色，了解当地天气事件的形成。互动演示让参与者在教室里观察云、闪电和风暴的发展。参与者还将共同创建自己的气象站。他们将一起探索为什么这些当地的天气事件对本地动植物如此重要。)”可推知，参与者可以在这个课堂上了解天气背后的秘密。故选D。
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了埃及的萨拉姆，他一直在为患有癌症的儿童个人资助和设计免费假发，给他们战胜疾病的力量，后来他决定为患癌症的孩子们提供免费的假发，让他们振作起来。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Five-year-old Mustafa is smiling for the first time in ages. She did not receive a new toy or her favorite candy; rather, she got a wig (假发).(五岁的穆斯塔法这么多年来第一次露出了笑容。她没有收到新玩具或她最喜欢的糖果；相反，她得到了一顶假发)”可推知，第一段提到的玩具和糖果来突出假发的价值。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She saw children her age jumping in playgrounds and spending hours styling their hair, while she couldn’t. Losing her hair made her hopeless, negatively impacting her response to treatment,(她看到同龄的孩子在操场上蹦蹦跳跳，花上几个小时做发型，而她却不能。失去头发让她绝望，对她的治疗产生了负面影响)”可知，父亲的话表明，脱发使穆斯塔法很沮丧。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的““Many families can barely afford expensive cancer treatment costs, let alone costly cosmetic (美容) services that can play a huge role in restoring children’s confidence and giving them strength to continue their treatment,” said Salam.(“许多家庭几乎负担不起昂贵的癌症治疗费用，更不用说昂贵的美容服务了，而美容服务可以在恢复孩子们的信心、给他们继续治疗的力量方面发挥巨大作用，”萨拉姆说)”可知，萨拉姆很同情这些孩子的遭遇，所以开始行动起来。由此推知，萨拉姆的同情促使他决定执行这项任务。故选A。 7．推理判断题。第四段中的““Many families can barely afford expensive cancer treatment costs, let alone costly cosmetic (美容) services that can play a huge role in restoring children’s confidence and giving them strength to continue their treatment,” said Salam.(“许多家庭几乎负担不起昂贵的癌症治疗费用，更不用说昂贵的美容服务了，而美容服务可以在恢复孩子们的信心、给他们继续治疗的力量方面发挥巨大作用，”萨拉姆说)”可推知，萨拉姆很有爱心。根据最后一段中的“Despite the several challenges, Salam said making wigs gives him as much happiness as it does for his young customers.(萨拉姆说，尽管遇到了一些挑战，但制作假发给他带来的快乐和为他的年轻顾客带来的快乐一样多)”可推知，萨拉姆是一个意志坚定的人。故选C。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了北京冬奥会在制冰的原料和技术上的精益求精，既要保证冰的纯净又要保证其环保。 8. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water, the more consistent the ice surface.(这种杂质不适合于水结冰时形成的常规六边形结构。水越纯净，冰面越稳定。)”可知，这些杂质不适合水结冰时形成的规则的六边形结构。水越纯净，冰面就越坚固，即水中的杂质会使冰的质量受到影响。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“As an element of the atmosphere, CO2 doesn’t damage the ozone layer. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO2 instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly(作为大气中的一种元素，二氧化碳不会破坏臭氧层。尽管二氧化碳是一种温室气体，但其温室效应远低于其他合成制冷剂，冬奥会场馆在制冰过程中采用二氧化碳代替氟利昂作为制冷剂，将大大减少二氧化碳的排放。)”可知，二氧化碳冷却技术被应用于冬奥会是因为二氧化碳比氟利昂更环保。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way(我们认为这些技术创新将以一种更令人印象深刻的方式将北京2022年冬奥会带给全世界的观众。)” 可知，高博认为这些技术创新将以一种更令人印象深刻的方式将北京2022年冬奥会带给全世界的观众。由此可推断，高博对二氧化碳用于制冰持支持态度。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章第一段“In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the ”Ice Ribbon”，a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.(2021年1月，北京冬奥会标志性场馆“冰丝带”的制冰工程竣工。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是北京冬奥会的冰及在制冰的原料和技术上的高标准，故Beneath Olympic Ice(奥运会冰的秘密)适合作本文的标题。故选B。
【答案】12．D 12．A 13．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。我们生活在这样一个时代，从疫苗的安全性到气候变化的现实，所有的科学知识都面临着有组织的、经常是愤怒的反对。文章论述了为什么人们对科学表示怀疑。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“We live in an age when all scientific knowledge — from the safety of vaccines (疫苗) to the reality of climate change — faces organized and often angry opposition. (我们生活在这样一个时代，从疫苗的安全性到气候变化的现实，所有的科学知识都面临着有组织的、经常是愤怒的反对)”，第二段中的“In a sense, all this is not surprising.(从某种意义上说，这一切并不令人惊讶)”，第三段中的“But science doesn’t come naturally to most of us. (但科学对我们大多数人来说并不是天生的)”及第四段中的“Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics.(即使人们接受了科学教育，他们中的大多数人仍然试图通过个人经验、故事或情感而不是统计数据来理解世界)”可知，文章主要论述了为什么人们对科学表示怀疑。故选D。 13．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept.(例如，尽管地球的圆度已经有数千年的历史，但有些人仍然觉得难以接受)”可知，有些事实和真相让一些人难以接受。由此推知，划线词mind-blowing与unbelievable(难以置信的)意思接近。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics. When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers. Yet two things happening together doesn’t mean one caused the other. Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen beliefs that have already been shaped by their worldview.(即使人们接受了科学教育，他们中的大多数人仍然试图依靠个人经验、故事或情感来理解世界，而不是统计数据。当他们听说一个有危险垃圾场的小镇上有一些癌症病例时，他们认为是污染导致了癌症。然而，两件事同时发生并不意味着一件事导致了另一件事。即使他们求助于互联网，他们也只允许他们同意的信息进入，以加强已经被他们的世界观所塑造的信念)”可推知，第四段中的人们依靠自己的信念去理解世界。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you’ll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural powers.(尽管科学家们一致认为埃博拉病毒只能通过直接接触血液或体液传播，但如果你在互联网搜索引擎中输入“空气传播埃博拉”，你会发现一些人相信这种病毒几乎具有超自然的力量)”，第三段中的“For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept.(例如，尽管地球的圆度已经有数千年的历史，但有些人仍然觉得难以接受)”和第四段中的“When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers. Yet two things happening together doesn’t mean one caused the other.(当他们听说一个有危险垃圾场的小镇上有一些癌症病例时，他们认为是污染导致了癌症。然而，两件事同时发生并不意味着一件事导致了另一件事)”可推知，作者通过举例来证明了他的观点。故选C。
【答案】16．F 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了存钱比花钱更令人激动，提供了存钱的具体方法。 16．前文“If you had to choose between spending all your pocket money on games and snacks, or saving some of it for the future, which would you choose (如果你必须在把所有零花钱都花在游戏和零食上，还是为将来存一些钱之间做出选择，你会选择哪一个？)”提出了问题，要在花掉和存储零花钱之前做出选择，F项“Think about this as we all have to make such decisions again and again.(想想看，我们都不得不一次又一次地做出这样的决定)”符合语境，强调这样的情景的普遍性，承接前文选择的问题，其中的“this”指代上文的选择。故选F。 17．前文“It’s easy to see the fun in buying an ice-cream or going shopping with friends.(很容易看到买冰淇淋或和朋友去购物的乐趣)”提到花钱的乐趣，后文“That’s because saving creates opportunities and opens the door to adventures.(这是因为存钱创造了机会，打开了冒险的大门)”解释了选择存钱的原因，G项“However, you might be surprised to hear that saving money can be even more exciting.(然而，你可能会惊讶地听到存钱可以更令人兴奋)”符合语境，说明存钱更令人激动，和前文形成转折，呼应后文的原因。故选G。 18．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落内容。后文“It’s good to give yourself a mix of short-term and long-term goals, so think of something you’d like to buy that you could save up for in a few weeks. Write down how much it costs, then work out how much you can afford to save each week and how long it will take you to reach your goal. It’s important to be realistic because you’ll soon get bored if you plan to save every single penny.(给自己一个短期和长期的目标不错，所以想想你想买的东西，你可以在几周内存起来。写下它花了多少钱，然后计算出你每周能存多少钱，以及达到目标需要多长时间。现实一点很重要，因为如果你计划节省每一分钱，你很快就会感到无聊)”具体介绍了如何设立存钱的目标，D项“The key to successful saving is setting yourself a goal.(成功储蓄的关键是给自己设定一个目标)”符合语境，点明要设立目标，概括了段落主旨。故选D。 19．前文“It helps to keep your savings separate from the rest of your money, so that you don’t accidentally spend it.(把你的存款和其他的钱分开很有用，这样你就不会不小心花光了)”介绍了要分开存款和其他钱，后文“Most people choose to save their money in a savings account, as this gives them an opportunity to earn interest.(大多数人选择把钱存在储蓄账户里，因为这给了他们赚取利息的机会)”提到了使用储蓄账户这一分开的手段，B项“You could use a money box or a savings account.(你可以使用储蓄罐或储蓄账户)”符合语境，说明分开的手段，承接前文，其中的“a savings account”和后文呼应。故选B。 20．前文“If you’re new to saving, start off by thinking of some fun goals. Every penny you save takes you one step closer to reaching your goal.(如果你刚开始存钱，可以先想一些有趣的目标。你省下的每一分钱都会让你离你的目标更近一步)”介绍存钱新手可以设立有趣的目标，存钱可以让人更靠近目标，E项“With a savings account, you can spend your money freely.(有了储蓄账户，你可以更自由支配你的钱)”符合语境，说明有储蓄账户的好处，承接前文的离目标更近。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．C 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一个小女孩自以为是帮助蝴蝶破茧却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔的故事告诉我们，和蝴蝶一样，我们也要经历生命中必要的挣扎和奋斗才能成长，不能一味地依靠他人的帮助。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个女孩偶然发现了一个茧，她看得出来一只蝴蝶正试图孵化。A. hatch孵化；B. hang悬挂；C. swing摆动；D. nest筑巢。根据前文“a girl came upon a cocoon”及“a butterfly”可知，蝴蝶正试图从茧中孵化。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她等了好几个小时，看着蝴蝶挣扎着从小洞里挣脱出来。A. trap困住；B. release释放；C. wrap包裹；D. throw扔掉。根据前文“a butterfly was trying to ____1___”可知，蝴蝶正试图破茧而出。故选B项。 3．考查固定短语辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. Even so尽管如此；B. Sooner or later迟早；C. All of a sudden突然；D. As usual像往常一样。根据后文“the butterfly stopped moving”可知，在蝴蝶破茧的过程中突然停止不动了。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，蝴蝶停止了移动，似乎被卡住了。A. scared使害怕；B. sought寻找；C. kicked踢腿；D. stuck卡住。根据后文“The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out ”可知，蝴蝶卡住不动了，所以小女孩决定帮助它。故选D项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶很容易就逃脱了。A. easily容易地；B. hardly几乎不；C. merely仅仅；D. slightly略微。根据前文“The girl then decided to help get the butterfly out and with a pair of scissors cut open the cocoon”可知，女孩把茧剪开，蝴蝶很容易就出来了。故选A项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，它的身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。 A. overestimated高估的；B. underdeveloped发育不全的；C. overgrown生长过快的；D. underfed营养不良的。根据前文“its body was swollen and its wings were”及后文“waiting for its wings to grow”可知，蝴蝶身体肿胀，翅膀发育不全。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩坐在那里等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体时，她仍然认为自己帮了蝴蝶一个忙。A. protect保护；B. shade遮阳；C. support支持；D. survive幸存。根据前文“waiting for its wings to grow”及后文“its body”可知，女孩等着蝴蝶的翅膀长出来支撑它的身体。故选C项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶不会飞，在它的余生中，它只能依靠小小的翅膀和巨大的身体到处爬行。A. tiny微小的；B. skinny皮包骨的；C. strong强壮的；D. large巨大的。根据前文“That wasn’t happening.”及“move by crawling around with little wings”可知，蝴蝶并没有长出可以支撑它身体的翅膀，和它小小的翅膀相比，身体会长大。故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. conservation交谈；B. restriction限制；C. tension紧张；D. variation变化。根据后文“the butterfly’s cocoon”及“ tight cocoons”可知，茧对蝴蝶来说是一种必不可少的限制。故选B项。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管女孩的初衷是好的，但她不明白蝴蝶的茧的限制和蝴蝶为了逃脱而必须经历的挣扎是有重要意义的。A. come out出现；B. pull up停车；C. go through经历；D. leave off中断。根据前文“the struggle”可知，蝴蝶破茧需要经历挣扎和奋斗。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当蝴蝶从紧绷的茧中钻出来，展开翅膀时，它会迫使体内的液体进入翅膀，为它们飞行做准备。A. run跑步；B. recover恢复；C. generate生产；D. emerge出现。根据后文“from tight cocoons and stretch wings out”可知，当蝴蝶破茧而出后，会展开双翅。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在生活中面临的挣扎帮助我们成长并变得更强大。A. struggles挣扎；B. adventures冒险；C. details细节；D. guidelines指导方针。根据前文“the struggle the butterfly had to ____10___”可知，人和蝴蝶一样，也要经历必要的挣扎才能成长。故选A项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要求勤奋和坚持不懈的背后往往是有原因的。A. industrious勤勉的；B. tolerant容忍的；C. superior优越的；D. straightforward直率的。根据后文“and persistent”可知，此处强调面对困境所需要的坚毅的品质，要勤勉坚持。故选A项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们面对困难的时候，我们会培养出我们将来需要的必要力量A. carefulness仔细；B. strength力量；C. optimism乐观；D. patience耐心。根据前文“being ___13___and persistent. When bearing difficult times”可知，养成了勤勉坚持的品质，才有克服困境的力量。故选B项。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有任何挣扎，我们就不会成长，这意味着自己接受个人挑战而不是依靠别人总是帮助我们是非常重要的。A. hold onto抓住；B. turn down拒绝；C. take on接受；D. bring up抚养。根据后文“personal challenges ourselves rather than relying on other people to always help us”可知，自己要接受挑战，而不是一味地依靠别人的帮助。故选C项。
【答案】1. was released 2. Referred 3. establishment 4. Unusually 5. longest 6. A 7. generals 8. who 9.with 10.inspiring 【详解】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动画电影《长安》。 1. 考查谓语动词。句意：作为一部让唐朝（618-907）一些最具标志性的诗人复活的史诗，备受期待的动画 电影《长安》于7月8日在全国上映。根据时间状语onJuly8可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去 时，release 与主语movie 之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语movie是单数，be动词应 用was。故填was released。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影是追光动画工作室的第七部作品，该工作室自2013年成立以来一直被 称为“中国的皮克斯”。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，refer与逻辑主语Light Chaser Animation Studios 之间是被动关系，空处应用过去分词形式referred作后置定语。故填referred。 3. 考查名词。句意：这部电影是追光动画工作室的第七部作品，该工作室自2013年成立以来一直被称为“中 国的皮克斯”。空处用于形容词性物主代词its之后，应用名词establishment，表示“成立，建立”，符合题意。 故填establishment。 4. 考查副词。句意：它在中国电影和评论网站豆瓣满分十分中获得了八分的评分，这对于一部中国动画电 影来说是非同寻常的高。空处修饰形容词high，应用副词形式作状语，unusually是副词，表示“非同寻常地”， 符合题意。故填unusually。 5. 考查形容词最高级。句意：《长安》时长168分钟，是迄今为止中国动画电影中最长的一部，展现了李 白和他的密友、著名诗人高适在王朝从鼎盛时期过渡到动荡时期长达数十年的友谊。结合语意可知，句子 表示《长安》是迄今为止中国动画电影中最长的一部，空处应用形容词的最高级形式longest，表示“最长的”， 符合题意。故填longest。 6. 考查冠词。句意：《长安》时长168分钟，是迄今为止中国动画电影中最长的一部，展现了李白和他的 密友、著名诗人高适在王朝从鼎盛时期过渡到动荡时期长达数十年的友谊。结合语意以及常识可知，高适 是一位著名的诗人，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，renowned是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。 故填a。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：这是由安禄山领导的叛乱引起的，安禄山曾是玄宗最宠爱的将领之一。“one of+ 复数可数名词”为固定搭配，表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式generals。故填generals。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：与邹静共同执导这部电影的谢俊伟表示，在创作过程中，他曾多次前往西安寻找灵感。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Xie Junwei，先行词指人，关系词在从 句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 9. 考查介词。句意：他透露，陕西历史博物馆展出的雕塑和古画为电影提供了宝贵的创意。Provide sb.with sth.为固定短语，表示“为某人提供某物”，符合题意，所以空处应用介词with。故填with。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一位观众说：“每个中国人都有一个唐梦，这部电影把我带回了大唐帝国，激励我感受到终极的理想主义、浪漫主义和包容性。”分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，inspire与逻辑 主语this movie 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式inspiring作状语。故填inspiring。