2023-2024学年黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特县蒙古族中学高一（下）开学英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023-2024学年黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特县蒙古族中学高一（下）开学英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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2023-2024学年黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特县蒙古族中学高一（下）开学英语试卷
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Great holidays in Europe!
Do you like the beach but want a bit more？
Then come on an Active Beach holiday at one of our centers in Greece，Turkey or Croatia.All the centers are near beautiful beaches and all offer sailing，windsurfing or waterskiing with our excellent instructors.For a change from the water，you can also book a short trip to a nearby village and visit the colorful markets or eat in a local restaurant.At the end of the day，relax in your hotel room or dance the night away at one of our open-air clubs.
Who was King Arthur？Where did he live？
Join us on a five-day UK Road Trip holiday.Imagine life hundreds of years ago as we visit ancient Stonehenge，Roman Bath and Tintagel Castle，the home of King Arthur.Learn the history of these interesting places from your guide as you travel in one of our famous blue coaches.In the evenings we stop at some of the best youth hostels in the country.They have everything you need you don't even need to pack a sleeping bag!
Are you bored with the usual holidays？Do you want to do something you really enjoy？
Then Fame Camp is for you!Spend a week at Hightree House in Yorkshire and learn how to play the piano，violin and guitar!Bring your tent and stay at a campsite near the house.At the end of the week try your new skills in a live performance.
How many countries can you see in 21 days？
On our Explore Europe holiday，you can see ten!Learn about them from our best guides as you watch them go past from the window of an air-conditioned coach and stay at some of Europe's top campsites on the way.Of course，we'll also have time to do the important things such as visiting the Eiffel Tower in Paris，the historic Sistine Chapel in Vatican and eating apple trudеl n V еnna.
For more information about any of these holidays，call 0845 333 4523 or visit .
1.Tourists who go on an Active Beach holiday ______ .
A. can do some water sports
B. can cook by themselves
C. will enjoy an open-air concert
D. should bring their own sleeping bags
2.If you want to know more about Tintagel Castle，which holiday should you take？ ______
A. Fame Camp. B. Active Beach. C. UK Road Trip. D. Explore Europe.
3.What can we learn about Explore Europe？ ______
A. It lasts 10 days. B. It is a coach tour.
C. It is a self-guided tour. D. It goes past 21 countries.
B
As Wilson Guarin watched the helicopter flying above, he wondered if the men being lifted into the sky felt the risk had been worth it.
Moments earlier, Guarin and his children had hiked to Hermit Falls in Angeles National Forest, one of the most popular waterfalls in the Los Angeles area. Soon after they arrived, they saw a man injure his shoulder when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls. Less than a minute later, another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs. Guarin said the cliff jumpers' purposes were obvious. They wanted to get a video of themselves and post it to social media.
A thirst among hikers, often inexperienced and under-prepared, to collect "likes" and shares on Instagram and other social media sites has led to a sharp increase in rescue missions by first responders.
The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department's Search and Rescue teams conducted 681 missions in 2017, the largest number in five years. It's a 38% increase from the 491 rescues they did in 2013.
The teams' leaders say the single largest factor for that increase is people posting videos of extreme activities online. Then, without any thought about the difficulty, others try to recreate their own 15-second version of glory.
On Instagram, posts from visitors making adventures in waterfalls and swimming holes in Angeles National Forest and other recreation areas show hikers changed into models, striking seemingly the same poses in the same places.
We shouldn't prevent people from enjoying the outdoors. But many accidents are avoidable and happen either when people go off trail or ignore official warnings about an area being closed and visit anyway.
Guarin still thinks about the two men he watched in helicopter rides sent to a hospital. "You get concerned about what people are willing to do—to not have fun. It's risking everything for no reason.
Well, there are the "likes".
4.What happened to the two jumpers
A. They both got badly injured. B. They were trapped in a rock pool.
C. They were caught in an air crash. D. They were rescued by the Guarins.
5.What do the figures imply in paragraph 4
A. More social rescues are timely and effective.
B. More attention is paid from the social media.
C. More public resources are clearly being occupied.
D. More people raise the awareness of self-defense.
6.What is the main reason for the increase in the number of rescues
A. Hikers are inexperienced and under-prepared.
B. Helicopters are easily available in more areas.
C. Travelers go off trail or ignore official warnings.
D. More people share their extreme activities online.
7.What does Guarin think of the jumpers' action
A. It is not a wise thing to do.
B. It is their own version of glory.
C. Watching it online is a lot of fun.
D. Getting "likes" makes it worthwhile.
C
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War. She'll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don't plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don't want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
"Why can't you be like my coworker's son " she bemoans all the time. Her coworker's son received a four year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don't know what to answer except that I simply can't be like Mr. Perfect as I've called the unnamed coworker's son. I can't be like him. I'm the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame (名声) or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I've seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6 pm. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn't mean I'll be successful. I'd rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
8.Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about
A. The writer's studies. B. The writer's future job.
C. Dinner plans. D. Wars around the world.
9.We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer's mother ____.
A. doesn't want the writer to major in English
B. doesn't think the writer should be a doctor
C. gets along very well with the writer
D. doesn't think working in the science field is a good idea
10.The underlined word "bemoans" in Paragraph 2 most probably means "____".
A. agrees B. shouts C. complains D. smiles
11.Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer
A. He wants to be like his mother's coworker's son.
B. He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C. He doesn't think his mother's coworker's son is perfect.
D. He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
D
For some people，the term "black box" brings to mind the recording devices in airplanes that are valuable for later analyses if the unthinkable happens.But black box is also an important term in the world of artificial intelligence.AI black boxes refer to Al systems with internal workings that are invisible to the user.You can feed them input and get output，but you cannot examine the system's logic that produced the output.
Machine learning is the main aspect of artificial intelligence.It is the basic of AI systems like ChatGPT.There are three parts to machine learning：an algorithm （算法） or a set of algorithms，training data and a model.An algorithm is a set of procedures.In machine learning，an algorithm learns to identify patterns after being trained on a large set of examples — the training data.Once a machine-learning algorithm has been trained，the result is a machine-learning model.The model is what people use.Any of the three parts of a machine-learning system can be hidden，or in a black box.So to protect their intellectual property，Al developers often put the model in a black box.
The opposite of a black box is sometimes referred to as a glass box.An Al glass box is a system whose algorithms，training data and model are all available for anyone to see.
In many cases，there is a good reason to be careful of black box machine-learning algorithms and models.Suppose a machine-learning model has made a diagnosis about your health.Would you want the model to be in a black box or a glass box？
For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure.This assumption has largely been proved wrong because hackers can reverse （逆向）-engineer software and discover vulnerabilities to make use of.If software is in a glass box，then software testers and well-intentioned hackers can examine it and inform the creators of disadvantages，thereby reducing cyberattacks.
12.Why does the author mention "black box" in airplanes in the first paragraph？ ______
A. To explain a rule. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To present a fact. D. To define a concept.
13.What's the value of the AI black boxes？ ______
A. Warning the hackers. B. Recording important data.
C. Reducing internet crimes. D. Protecting software systems.
14.What does the underlined word "vulnerabilities" mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Possibilities. B. Flexibilities. C. Weaknesses. D. Advantages.
15.What is the author's attitude towards the AI boxes？ ______
A. Objective. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Approving.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Everyone complains.Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world，you still complain sometimes.Sometimes you complain without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful.(16) Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.
(17)
When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation.
Make a list of things you are grateful for.
You often complain about the things you don't have without noticing those things you already have.Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves. (18)
Learn to adapt to the changes.
There are many things you can't change.(19) Always find the positive side of each situation，regardless of however difficult the situation is.With parents' and friends' support，you can survive any life changes.
Allow yourself to vent（发泄） your feelings every once in a while.
Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up.If you are really going through a rough time，don't be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or a family member or see a therapist.
Find what makes you happy.
(20) Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy.Choose happiness，focus on the positive，and be kind always!
A.Change the way you think.
B.Make friends with positive people.
C.The best and only thing you can do is to accept them.
D.Are you constantly complaining about your present job？
E.Sometimes this list can be easy，full of hobbies you enjoy.
F.So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining？
G.Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain.
16.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
I'd planned to spend my weekend in the sun, enjoying flowers outdoors. But that was (21) the pair of disgusting crows(乌鸦) arrived. Out of nowhere, they had set up their base (22) in our backyard.
We first (23) our feathered enemies on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made (24) through our neighborhood. I figured they'd (25) soon. But, no. They were getting louder and probably (26) my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise. I admit I got a little (27) .
Then, on Sunday afternoon, I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground. I went to (28) and found a small coal-black bird in the grass. Its eyes were milky, and it stayed perfectly (29) as my dog walked towards it. Only when Quatchi (30) his nose to its head did it walk away. I (31) the dog inside and came back with my camera.
It never occurred to me that the young would be hanging out on the ground, growing and gaining (32) as its parents guarded it from above. The second I saw this little creature I (33) the crows.
To be honest, I've never been much of a bird person. And I wish they'd chosen another backyard. But I'm also (34) that I got to see this little bit of nature unfold up close. It's pretty amazing.
The experience has also (35) my desire to create a beautiful backyard garden that attracts lots of bees, butterflies, and yes, birds. They are welcome here.
21.A. after B. when C. until D. before
22.A. organization B. camp C. business D. trap
23.A. accepted B. drove C. discovered D. invited
24.A. traveled B. flew C. ran D. flowed
25.A. sing B. fight C. fall down D. quiet down
26.A. attracting B. annoying C. frightening D. amusing
27.A. excited B. amazed C. curious D. desperate
28.A. prevent B. defend C. explore D. assist
29.A. cold B. enthusiastic C. still D. friendly
30.A. touched B. threw C. pointed D. connected
31.A. awarded B. locked C. praised D. fed
32.A. strength B. pity C. advantage D. freedom
33.A. hated B. respected C. admired D. forgave
34.A. pitiful B. grateful C. painful D. careful
35.A. discouraged B. ensured C. strengthened D. proved
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human，people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing （1） ______ they are talking to a machine.But the （2） ______ （true） may make such products less effective：recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions.
The study used a game in （3） ______ paired players made a series of （4） ______ （decision） to cooperate with betray their partner.In （5） ______ long run，it pays for both to keep cooperating.But there is always the desire （6） ______ （earn） extra points at the partner's expense.Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines，so the scientists hoped people （7） ______ （ play） with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would （8） ______ （ eventual） get past their distrust.
"Sadly，we failed at this goal，" says Talal Rahwan，a senior author on the paper，（9） ______ （ publish） last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. "A robot was（10） ______ （ likely） to obtain cooperation than another human，even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players."
It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.随着经济的发展，越来越多的文化遗产遭到破坏。假设你是红星中学高中生李华，请给当地报社写一封信，谈谈你对保护文化遗产的建议。
内容包括：
（1）文化遗产的重要性；
（2）如何保护文化遗产。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor，
I am Li Hua，a senior student from Hong Xing High School.______
Sincerely，
Li Hu
38. When I was little, I lived in a house with a beautiful garden full of all kinds of flowers, and roses were the most beautiful of them. There was nothing I enjoyed more than sitting in the garden with my mother as she read stories to me. When I was in primary school and old enough to read, I enjoyed reading stories aloud to her.
I will never forget one day when I was in the third grade. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had rehearsed(排练) my lines(台词) so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped on stage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator's(旁白) part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her word, kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.
I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home after school that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.
It was May and roses were blossoming and, under the trees, we could also see yellow dandelions(蒲公英) in the grass. "I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds," she said, pulling one dandelion up by its roots. "From now on, we'll have only roses in this garden."
"But I like dandelions," I protested. "All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions."
My mother looked at me seriously. "Yes, every flower is beautiful in its own way, isn't it "She asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. "And that is true of people too," she added. "Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that." Aware that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled gently.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 续写分两段，可适当补充细节，使情节完整；
3. 每段的开头语已写好，不计入总数。
"But you will be a beautiful narrator," she said.
After the play, I took home the flower.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据第二段All the centers are near beautiful beaches and all offer sailing，windsurfing or waterskiing with our excellent instructors.（所有的中心都靠近美丽的海滩，并提供帆船，帆板或滑水与我们优秀的教练）可知，去Active Beach度假的游客可以做一些水上运动。故选A．
（2）C．细节理解题。根据第三段Join us on a five-day UK Road Trip holiday.Imagine life hundreds of years ago as we visit ancient Stonehenge ，Roman Bath and Tintagel Castle ，the home of King Arthur. （加入我们，享受为期五天的英国公路旅行假期。想象一下几百年前的生活，当我们参观古老的巨石阵，罗马浴场和廷塔格尔城堡，亚瑟王的故乡）可知，如果您想了解更多关于廷塔杰尔城堡的信息，您应该去英国公路之旅。故选C．
（3）B．细节理解题。根据第五段Learn about them from our best guides as you watch them go past from the window of an air-conditioned coach and stay at some of Europe's top campsites on the way. （从我们最好的导游那里了解他们，你可以看到他们从空调车厢的窗口经过，并在途中停留在一些欧洲顶级露营地）可知，探索欧洲这是一次教练之旅。故选B．
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要讲述了欧洲度假的一些选择。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、C、D、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇叙议结合的文章。文章主要讲述了许多缺乏经验的徒步者尝试危险的极限运动。
1.
根据第二段中Soon after they arrived, they saw a man injure his shoulder when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls. Less than a minute later, another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs.可知，一人肩膀受伤，另一人似乎摔断了双腿，由此可知这两人都受伤严重。故选A。
2.
根据第四段The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department's Search and Rescue teams conducted 681 missions in 2017, the largest number in five years. It's a 38% increase from the 491 rescues they did in 2013.可推知，救援次数比以往增加了，因而占用了更多的公共资源。故选C。
3.
根据第五段The teams' leaders say the single largest factor for that increase is people posting videos of extreme activities online.可知，越来越多的人在网上分享极限运动的视频导致更多的人参加极限运动，受伤的人数增多了，因而救援次数也增多了。故选D。
4.
根据倒数第二段Guarin说的话...It's risking everything for no reason. Well, there are the "likes".（这种行为是毫无理由的拿着一切去冒险，能得到的只有“点赞”）可知，Guarin认为仅仅是为了得到“点赞”就不顾一切去冒险，这种行为是不明智的。故选A。
8~11.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述了作者和妈妈谈话时总是会将话题转到自己未来的职业上，妈妈不想让他主修英语，而作者却想做他想做的事。
1. 根据第一段内容可知，作者和妈妈谈话时总是会将话题转到自己未来的职业上，妈妈不想让他主修英语，而作者却想做他想做的事，故作者和他妈妈经常谈论的是作者未来该从事什么职业，故选B。
2. 根据第一段when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.（当我被迫说我打算主修英语和沟通专业时，她差点犯心脏病）可知，作者的妈妈不希望作者选英语专业，故选A。
3. 作者和他妈妈在他将来该从事什么职业方面存在很大的分歧，所以他妈妈应该是在抱怨作者为什么不能像她同事的儿子一样，由此可知bemoans意为“抱怨”，故选C。
4. 根据第二段most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame (名声) or salary.（最重要的是，我想要成就一份事业，因为我热爱它，而不是因为名声或薪水）可知，作者想从事自己喜欢的职业，故选D。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中But black box is also an important term in the world of artificial intelligence.AI black boxes refer to Al systems with internal workings that are invisible to the user.You can feed them input and get output，but you cannot examine the system's logic that produced the output.（但是黑匣子在人工智能领域也是一个重要的术语。人工智能黑匣子指的是具有用户不可见的内部工作原理的人工智能系统。你可以向它们提供输入并获得输出，但是你不能检查产生输出的系统逻辑。）以及第二段中 Machine learning is the main aspect of artificial intelligence.It is the basic of AI systems like ChatGPT.There are three parts to machine learning：an algorithm （算法） or a set of algorithms，training data and a model. （机器学习是人工智能的主要方面。这是ChatGPT等人工智能系统的基础。机器学习有三个部分：一个算法（或一组算法）、训练数据和模型。）可知，此处指出黑匣子指的是用户无法查看其内部工作原理的人工智能系统。由此文章通过介绍介绍黑匣子的工作原理来引出文章说明的内容即机器学习是人工智能的主要方面，它包括算法、训练数据和模型。故第一段中提到黑匣子的目的是引出文章主题。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中So to protect their intellectual property，Al developers often put the model in a black box.（因此，为了保护他们的知识产权，人工智能开发人员经常把模型放在一个黑匣子里。）以及最后一段中For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure. （多年来，许多计算机领域的人认为，把软件放在黑匣子里可以防止黑客检查它，因此它是安全的。）可知，多年来黑匣子的价值是确保计算机系统的安全，即保护软件系统。故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure.This assumption has largely been proved wrong（多年来，许多计算机领域的人认为，把软件放在黑匣子里可以防止黑客检查它，因此它是安全的。这种假设在很大程度上被证明是错误的）可知，多年来很多人认为把软件放在黑匣子中是可以防止黑客攻击的，这是安全的，可是这种假设被证明是错误的。因为黑客可以通过逆向工程来检查软件并发现其存在的缺点（漏洞），并加以利用。故划线词与C选项"Weaknesses"为同义词，意为"缺点"。A．Possibilities可能性；B．Flexibilities灵活性；C．Weaknesses虚弱；D．Advantages优势。故选C。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段中For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure.This assumption has largely been proved wrong （多年来，许多计算机领域的人认为，把软件放在黑匣子里可以防止黑客检查它，因此它是安全的。）以及If software is in a glass box，then software testers and well-intentioned hackers can examine it and inform the creators of disadvantages，thereby reducing cyberattacks.（如果软件是在一个玻璃盒子里，那么软件测试人员和善意的黑客可以检查它，并告知创建者的缺点，从而减少网络攻击。）可知，此处作者认为智能黑匣子既有优点又有缺点，故作者对它的态度是客观的。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能中的黑匣子概念。同时文章还提到了黑匣子的安全性问题，黑客可以通过逆向工程来发现漏洞，而玻璃盒可以减少网络攻击。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】F、A、G、E、D
【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。根据空前"Sometimes you complain without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful."讲述抱怨是没用的，无益的，以及空后" Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts："讲述下面就是一些停止抱怨，放弃消极思想的一些建议，因此推断空格处选F．So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining？"如何成功地让自己停止抱怨呢？"符合语境，起承上启下的作用。故选F．
（2）A.标题归纳题。空格处是段落标题。本段讲述停止思考和说一些消极的东西，强迫自己说一些积极的东西，找一个快乐的朋友帮助你看到事情积极的一面。因此推断本段建议转变自己的思维方式，不要想消极的事情，要想一些积极的东西。故选A．
（3）G.推理判断题。根据段落标题可知，本段建议把感恩的事情列个清单，感激我们所拥有的，因此推断空格处选G．Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain."写下我们感激的事情，我们将会明白我们没有什么可抱怨的"符合语境。故选G．（4）E.推理判断题。根据段落标题和根据空前"There are many things you can't change.有很多事情是你无法改变的"可知，我们要学会适应变化，总有许多事情我们不能改变，因此推断E项"The best and only thing we can do is to accept them 最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们"，既然我们不能改变，最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们。故选E．
（5）D.推理判断题。根据空后"Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.也许是时候做个艰难的决定，开始新的工作或事业了"可知，到了你做出艰难的决定换一份工作的时候了，因此推断空格处选D．Are you constantly complaining about your present job？"你总是不断抱怨你现在的工作吗？"符合语境．故选D．
本文是一篇说明文，每个人都有抱怨的时候，即使你是世界上最快乐的人，偶尔也会抱怨。本文主要介绍了几个方法来停止抱怨和消除消极思想。
七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全做对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力，有必要进行专门练习。首先，快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置；其次，快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意；其三，注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词，七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项；最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
21~35.【答案】D、B、C、A、D、B、D、C、C、A、B、A、D、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者对在后院安家的乌鸦从讨厌到怜爱的转变过程，这个故事也告诉我们，对待小动物要一视同仁的道理。
1. 句意：但那是在那对恶心的乌鸦到来之前。A.after在……之后；B.when当……的时候；C.until直到；D.before在……之前。根据下文内容可知，作者在乌鸦来之前，心情极好。故选D。
2. 句意：他们不知从哪里冒出来，在我们的后院搭起了大本营。A.organization组织；B.camp营地；C.business生意，商业；D.trap陷阱。根据下文内容可知，乌鸦在我家的后院定居下来，所以这里指建立了营地（camp）。故选B。
3. 句意：我们第一次发现有羽毛的敌人是在星期五早上。A.accepted接受；B.drove开车；C.discovered发现；D.invited邀请。根据语境可知，此处指第一次发现（discover）乌鸦。故选C。
4. 句意：时间还早，乌鸦的叫声穿过我们的街区。A.traveled传播，旅行；B.flew飞行；C.ran跑；D.flowed流动。根据下文They were getting louder and probably (6) my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise.可知，乌鸦的叫声很大，穿越了街区，travel through意为“穿越，穿过”。故选A。
5. 句意：我想他们很快就会安静下来。A.sing唱歌；B.fight打架；C.fall down摔倒；D.quiet down安静下来。根据下文But, no. They were getting louder可知，但是这些鸟的声音越来越大。由此推出，我原本认为它们会安静（quiet down）下来。故选D。
6. 句意：他们的声音越来越大，可能会让我的邻居和我们一样恼火。A.attracting吸引；B.annoying使恼火；C.frightening使害怕；D.amusing使娱乐。根据上文on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made travel through our neighborhood.可知，在周五的早上，乌鸦的叫声，会让人恼火（annoying ）。故选B。
7. 句意：我承认我有点绝望。A.excited激动的；B.amazed惊讶的；C.curious好奇的；D.desperate绝望的。根据语境可知，在早上听到乌鸦那么大的叫声，很是恼火，却又无可奈何，所以是有点绝望的（desperate）。故选D。
8. 句意：我去探查，在草地上发现了一只黑色的小鸟。A.prevent阻止；B.defend防御；C.explore探查，探索；D.assist协助。根据上一句I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground可知，我看到我的狗盯着地上的东西，出于好奇，我去一探究竟。故选C。
9. 句意：它的眼睛是乳白色的，当我的狗向它走去时，它一动不动。A.cold冷的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.still静止的；D.friendly友好的。根据后文Only when Quatchi (10) his nose to its head did it walk away.可知，只有当狗用鼻子触碰它的头时，它才走开。由此可知，在狗走近它时，它是静止的（still）。故选C。
10. 句意：当狗用鼻子碰到它的头时，它才走开。A.touched碰触；B.threw扔掉；C.pointed指向；D.connected连接。根据常识及语境可知，此处指狗用鼻子触碰（touch）小鸟。故选A。
11. 句意：我把狗锁在里面，带着相机回来了。A.awarded授予；B.locked锁上，把……锁起来；C.praised表扬；D.fed喂食。由上文内容可指，狗用鼻子触碰了小乌鸦，所以我担心小乌鸦的处境，怕狗伤害它而把狗锁（lock）起来。故选B。
12. 句意：我从来没有想过，小乌鸦的父母在上面保护它，小乌鸦会在地面上徘徊，成长和增强力量。A.strength力气，力量；B.pity怜悯；C.advantage优势；D.freedom自由。根据空前the young would be hanging out on the ground, growing and gaining可知，小乌鸦是在为了成长而增加力量。故选A。
13. 句意：我一看到这个小东西就原谅了乌鸦。A.hated憎恨；B.respected尊敬；C.admired钦佩；D.forgave宽恕，原谅。根据上文内容可知，因为乌鸦在我家后院安家，还发出了很大的噪音，我很讨厌乌鸦。所以推出，这里指我原谅了乌鸦。故选D。
14. 句意：但我也很感激我能近距离地看到大自然的这个小生命在我面前展开。A.pitiful可怜的；B.grateful感激的；C.painful痛苦的；D.careful仔细的，小心的。它很神奇。根据上一句And I wish they'd chosen another backyard.以及本句的转折词but可知，虽然我不喜欢乌鸦，也希望乌鸦能去别的地方安家，却因为小乌鸦的可爱，而感激（grateful）大自然能让作者近距离观察到它。故选B。
15. 句意：这段经历也加强了我想要创造一个美丽的后院花园的愿望，吸引了许多蜜蜂、蝴蝶，是的，还有鸟类。A.discouraged阻止，使丧失信心；B.ensured确保；C.strengthened增强，加强；D.proved证明。根据语境可知，此处指看见小乌鸦的经历加强了（strengthen）我想要创造一个美丽的后院花园的愿望。故选C。
36.【答案】【小题1】whether/if
【小题2】truth
【小题3】which
【小题4】decisions
【小题5】the
【小题6】to earn
【小题7】playing
【小题8】eventually
【小题9】published
【小题10】less likely
【解析】（1）考查宾语从句。句意：随着人工智能产品在冒充人类方面的稳步提升，人们将越来越陷入不知道自己是否在和机器说话的令人不安的境地。此处引导宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，结合句意可知此处表示"是否"，应用whether或if引导从句。故填whether/if。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：但事实可能会使这些产品的效果降低：最近的研究发现，在人机交互中，透明度与合作之间存在权衡。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处是名词作主语，表达"事实"，应用名词truth，为不可数名词。故填truth。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。先行词为a game，指物，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，所以用which引导。故填which。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。根据空格前的a series of可知此处应填名词的复数。故填decisions。
（5）考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，保持合作对双方都有利。in the long run"从长远来看"，为介词短语。故填the。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：但是他们总是希望以牺牲伴侣的利益为代价获得额外的分数。desire后跟动词不定式作后置定语。故填to earn。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。play和它所修饰的词people之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填playing。
（8）考查副词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。修饰动词get，应用副词形式。故填eventually。
（9）考查过去分词。句意："遗憾的是，我们未能实现这一目标，"该论文的资深作者Talal Rahwan说，该论文于去年11月发表在《自然机器智能》上。publish和它所修饰的词paper之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：与人类相比，机器人获得合作的可能性更小，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。句中的than表明本空应用形容词比较级，根据句意可知，此处表示"不太可能"。故填less likely。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人们在使用人工智能产品时发现，在人机交互中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Editor，
I am Li Hua，a senior student from Hong Xing High School.Nowadays，with the development of our society，more and more cultural relics are facing the danger of disappearing.So we must attach importance to the problem and try our best to protect them.（开篇点题）
As we all know，cultural relics offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past. 【高分句型一】Only when they are preserved well can we pass on our culture from generation to generation.【高分句型二】（文化遗产的重要性）As students，we can make our own contribution to protecting them.For example，we can make some applications or websites of cultural relics and tell people the stories behind them.In addition，if it is difficult for us to protect some severely damaged cultural relics ourselves，we can call for international cooperation.（如何保护文化遗产）
I hope that more and more people will become concerned about protecting our cultural relics.（呼吁）
Sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：As we all know，cultural relics offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.
翻译：众所周知，文物为我们提供了一个了解过去发生的事情的好机会。
分析：本句运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句和what引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Only when they are preserved well can we pass on our culture from generation to generation.
翻译：只有把它们保存好，我们才能把我们的文化代代相传。
分析：本句运用了"only+状语从句"放在句首引起的部分倒装和when引导的时间状语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇。
38.【答案】 "But you will be a beautiful narrator," she said. It reminded me how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. "The narrator's part is just as important as the part of a princess." Her wise words inspired me with courage and confidence. But on the evening of the performance, I suddenly felt nervous backstage again. My teacher came over to me. "Your mother asked me to give you this," she said, handing me a dandelion. Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.
After the play, I took home the flower. My mother made it into a dried flower and put it into a glass bottle. Every time I see it, I am reminded of this unforgettable experience. I have taken part in many school plays, tried different roles and made many speeches ever since. Gradually, I've become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now. For this, I am forever grateful to my mother, who have made me what I am today.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】本文主要以时间为线索展开。讲述了我三年级的时候被选中演戏剧里的公主，妈妈几周来都陪我练台词，但是由于我上台表现不佳，老师让我作为叙述者角色，我不高兴地回家，妈妈以花园里的蒲公英等花草都有存在的理由来疏导我。
【段落续写】
根据第一段首句内容“‘但你会成为一个美丽的叙述者，’她说，”可知，第一段可描写妈妈鼓励我做好叙述者和演好公主一样重要等情况。
根据第二段首句内容“演出结束后，我把花带回家了。”可知，第二段可描写我把花带回家后母亲的反应以及我经历此事后的感悟等内容。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
妈妈友情提醒——带来勇气和信心——表演前老师递花——表演完带花返家——妈妈放花入瓶中——感激妈妈
【词汇激活】
行为类
①激励：inspire/encourage/give sb. courage
②使镇静：calm sb. down/make sb. calm down/get rid of the panic
③提醒：remind sb. of sth/give sb. the thought of/bring sb. back to the memory of
④递花：hand sb. a dandelion/pass sb. a dandelion/give sb. a dandelion
情绪类
①勇气和自信：with courage and confidence /be confident/be encouraged
②紧张：be nervous/be in panic
③感激：be grateful/be thankful/be with gratitude
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句型】
①Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.（动词的-ing形式作状语；省略that的宾语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句）
②Gradually, I've become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now.（动词的-ing形式作状语）
第1页，共1页
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Great holidays in Europe!
Do you like the beach but want a bit more？
Then come on an Active Beach holiday at one of our centers in Greece，Turkey or Croatia.All the centers are near beautiful beaches and all offer sailing，windsurfing or waterskiing with our excellent instructors.For a change from the water，you can also book a short trip to a nearby village and visit the colorful markets or eat in a local restaurant.At the end of the day，relax in your hotel room or dance the night away at one of our open-air clubs.
Who was King Arthur？Where did he live？
Join us on a five-day UK Road Trip holiday.Imagine life hundreds of years ago as we visit ancient Stonehenge，Roman Bath and Tintagel Castle，the home of King Arthur.Learn the history of these interesting places from your guide as you travel in one of our famous blue coaches.In the evenings we stop at some of the best youth hostels in the country.They have everything you need you don't even need to pack a sleeping bag!
Are you bored with the usual holidays？Do you want to do something you really enjoy？
Then Fame Camp is for you!Spend a week at Hightree House in Yorkshire and learn how to play the piano，violin and guitar!Bring your tent and stay at a campsite near the house.At the end of the week try your new skills in a live performance.
How many countries can you see in 21 days？
On our Explore Europe holiday，you can see ten!Learn about them from our best guides as you watch them go past from the window of an air-conditioned coach and stay at some of Europe's top campsites on the way.Of course，we'll also have time to do the important things such as visiting the Eiffel Tower in Paris，the historic Sistine Chapel in Vatican and eating apple trudеl n V еnna.
For more information about any of these holidays，call 0845 333 4523 or visit .
1.Tourists who go on an Active Beach holiday ______ .
A. can do some water sports
B. can cook by themselves
C. will enjoy an open-air concert
D. should bring their own sleeping bags
2.If you want to know more about Tintagel Castle，which holiday should you take？ ______
A. Fame Camp. B. Active Beach. C. UK Road Trip. D. Explore Europe.
3.What can we learn about Explore Europe？ ______
A. It lasts 10 days. B. It is a coach tour.
C. It is a self-guided tour. D. It goes past 21 countries.
B
As Wilson Guarin watched the helicopter flying above, he wondered if the men being lifted into the sky felt the risk had been worth it.
Moments earlier, Guarin and his children had hiked to Hermit Falls in Angeles National Forest, one of the most popular waterfalls in the Los Angeles area. Soon after they arrived, they saw a man injure his shoulder when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls. Less than a minute later, another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs. Guarin said the cliff jumpers' purposes were obvious. They wanted to get a video of themselves and post it to social media.
A thirst among hikers, often inexperienced and under-prepared, to collect "likes" and shares on Instagram and other social media sites has led to a sharp increase in rescue missions by first responders.
The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department's Search and Rescue teams conducted 681 missions in 2017, the largest number in five years. It's a 38% increase from the 491 rescues they did in 2013.
The teams' leaders say the single largest factor for that increase is people posting videos of extreme activities online. Then, without any thought about the difficulty, others try to recreate their own 15-second version of glory.
On Instagram, posts from visitors making adventures in waterfalls and swimming holes in Angeles National Forest and other recreation areas show hikers changed into models, striking seemingly the same poses in the same places.
We shouldn't prevent people from enjoying the outdoors. But many accidents are avoidable and happen either when people go off trail or ignore official warnings about an area being closed and visit anyway.
Guarin still thinks about the two men he watched in helicopter rides sent to a hospital. "You get concerned about what people are willing to do—to not have fun. It's risking everything for no reason.
Well, there are the "likes".
4.What happened to the two jumpers
A. They both got badly injured. B. They were trapped in a rock pool.
C. They were caught in an air crash. D. They were rescued by the Guarins.
5.What do the figures imply in paragraph 4
A. More social rescues are timely and effective.
B. More attention is paid from the social media.
C. More public resources are clearly being occupied.
D. More people raise the awareness of self-defense.
6.What is the main reason for the increase in the number of rescues
A. Hikers are inexperienced and under-prepared.
B. Helicopters are easily available in more areas.
C. Travelers go off trail or ignore official warnings.
D. More people share their extreme activities online.
7.What does Guarin think of the jumpers' action
A. It is not a wise thing to do.
B. It is their own version of glory.
C. Watching it online is a lot of fun.
D. Getting "likes" makes it worthwhile.
C
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War. She'll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don't plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don't want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
"Why can't you be like my coworker's son " she bemoans all the time. Her coworker's son received a four year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don't know what to answer except that I simply can't be like Mr. Perfect as I've called the unnamed coworker's son. I can't be like him. I'm the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame (名声) or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I've seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6 pm. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn't mean I'll be successful. I'd rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
8.Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about
A. The writer's studies. B. The writer's future job.
C. Dinner plans. D. Wars around the world.
9.We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer's mother ____.
A. doesn't want the writer to major in English
B. doesn't think the writer should be a doctor
C. gets along very well with the writer
D. doesn't think working in the science field is a good idea
10.The underlined word "bemoans" in Paragraph 2 most probably means "____".
A. agrees B. shouts C. complains D. smiles
11.Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer
A. He wants to be like his mother's coworker's son.
B. He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C. He doesn't think his mother's coworker's son is perfect.
D. He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
D
For some people，the term "black box" brings to mind the recording devices in airplanes that are valuable for later analyses if the unthinkable happens.But black box is also an important term in the world of artificial intelligence.AI black boxes refer to Al systems with internal workings that are invisible to the user.You can feed them input and get output，but you cannot examine the system's logic that produced the output.
Machine learning is the main aspect of artificial intelligence.It is the basic of AI systems like ChatGPT.There are three parts to machine learning：an algorithm （算法） or a set of algorithms，training data and a model.An algorithm is a set of procedures.In machine learning，an algorithm learns to identify patterns after being trained on a large set of examples — the training data.Once a machine-learning algorithm has been trained，the result is a machine-learning model.The model is what people use.Any of the three parts of a machine-learning system can be hidden，or in a black box.So to protect their intellectual property，Al developers often put the model in a black box.
The opposite of a black box is sometimes referred to as a glass box.An Al glass box is a system whose algorithms，training data and model are all available for anyone to see.
In many cases，there is a good reason to be careful of black box machine-learning algorithms and models.Suppose a machine-learning model has made a diagnosis about your health.Would you want the model to be in a black box or a glass box？
For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure.This assumption has largely been proved wrong because hackers can reverse （逆向）-engineer software and discover vulnerabilities to make use of.If software is in a glass box，then software testers and well-intentioned hackers can examine it and inform the creators of disadvantages，thereby reducing cyberattacks.
12.Why does the author mention "black box" in airplanes in the first paragraph？ ______
A. To explain a rule. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To present a fact. D. To define a concept.
13.What's the value of the AI black boxes？ ______
A. Warning the hackers. B. Recording important data.
C. Reducing internet crimes. D. Protecting software systems.
14.What does the underlined word "vulnerabilities" mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Possibilities. B. Flexibilities. C. Weaknesses. D. Advantages.
15.What is the author's attitude towards the AI boxes？ ______
A. Objective. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Approving.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Everyone complains.Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world，you still complain sometimes.Sometimes you complain without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful.(16) Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.
(17)
When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation.
Make a list of things you are grateful for.
You often complain about the things you don't have without noticing those things you already have.Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves. (18)
Learn to adapt to the changes.
There are many things you can't change.(19) Always find the positive side of each situation，regardless of however difficult the situation is.With parents' and friends' support，you can survive any life changes.
Allow yourself to vent（发泄） your feelings every once in a while.
Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up.If you are really going through a rough time，don't be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or a family member or see a therapist.
Find what makes you happy.
(20) Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy.Choose happiness，focus on the positive，and be kind always!
A.Change the way you think.
B.Make friends with positive people.
C.The best and only thing you can do is to accept them.
D.Are you constantly complaining about your present job？
E.Sometimes this list can be easy，full of hobbies you enjoy.
F.So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining？
G.Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain.
16.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
I'd planned to spend my weekend in the sun, enjoying flowers outdoors. But that was (21) the pair of disgusting crows(乌鸦) arrived. Out of nowhere, they had set up their base (22) in our backyard.
We first (23) our feathered enemies on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made (24) through our neighborhood. I figured they'd (25) soon. But, no. They were getting louder and probably (26) my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise. I admit I got a little (27) .
Then, on Sunday afternoon, I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground. I went to (28) and found a small coal-black bird in the grass. Its eyes were milky, and it stayed perfectly (29) as my dog walked towards it. Only when Quatchi (30) his nose to its head did it walk away. I (31) the dog inside and came back with my camera.
It never occurred to me that the young would be hanging out on the ground, growing and gaining (32) as its parents guarded it from above. The second I saw this little creature I (33) the crows.
To be honest, I've never been much of a bird person. And I wish they'd chosen another backyard. But I'm also (34) that I got to see this little bit of nature unfold up close. It's pretty amazing.
The experience has also (35) my desire to create a beautiful backyard garden that attracts lots of bees, butterflies, and yes, birds. They are welcome here.
21.A. after B. when C. until D. before
22.A. organization B. camp C. business D. trap
23.A. accepted B. drove C. discovered D. invited
24.A. traveled B. flew C. ran D. flowed
25.A. sing B. fight C. fall down D. quiet down
26.A. attracting B. annoying C. frightening D. amusing
27.A. excited B. amazed C. curious D. desperate
28.A. prevent B. defend C. explore D. assist
29.A. cold B. enthusiastic C. still D. friendly
30.A. touched B. threw C. pointed D. connected
31.A. awarded B. locked C. praised D. fed
32.A. strength B. pity C. advantage D. freedom
33.A. hated B. respected C. admired D. forgave
34.A. pitiful B. grateful C. painful D. careful
35.A. discouraged B. ensured C. strengthened D. proved
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human，people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing （1） ______ they are talking to a machine.But the （2） ______ （true） may make such products less effective：recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions.
The study used a game in （3） ______ paired players made a series of （4） ______ （decision） to cooperate with betray their partner.In （5） ______ long run，it pays for both to keep cooperating.But there is always the desire （6） ______ （earn） extra points at the partner's expense.Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines，so the scientists hoped people （7） ______ （ play） with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would （8） ______ （ eventual） get past their distrust.
"Sadly，we failed at this goal，" says Talal Rahwan，a senior author on the paper，（9） ______ （ publish） last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. "A robot was（10） ______ （ likely） to obtain cooperation than another human，even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players."
It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.随着经济的发展，越来越多的文化遗产遭到破坏。假设你是红星中学高中生李华，请给当地报社写一封信，谈谈你对保护文化遗产的建议。
内容包括：
（1）文化遗产的重要性；
（2）如何保护文化遗产。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor，
I am Li Hua，a senior student from Hong Xing High School.______
Sincerely，
Li Hu
38. When I was little, I lived in a house with a beautiful garden full of all kinds of flowers, and roses were the most beautiful of them. There was nothing I enjoyed more than sitting in the garden with my mother as she read stories to me. When I was in primary school and old enough to read, I enjoyed reading stories aloud to her.
I will never forget one day when I was in the third grade. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had rehearsed(排练) my lines(台词) so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped on stage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator's(旁白) part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her word, kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.
I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home after school that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.
It was May and roses were blossoming and, under the trees, we could also see yellow dandelions(蒲公英) in the grass. "I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds," she said, pulling one dandelion up by its roots. "From now on, we'll have only roses in this garden."
"But I like dandelions," I protested. "All flowers are beautiful—even dandelions."
My mother looked at me seriously. "Yes, every flower is beautiful in its own way, isn't it "She asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. "And that is true of people too," she added. "Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that." Aware that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled gently.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 续写分两段，可适当补充细节，使情节完整；
3. 每段的开头语已写好，不计入总数。
"But you will be a beautiful narrator," she said.
After the play, I took home the flower.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据第二段All the centers are near beautiful beaches and all offer sailing，windsurfing or waterskiing with our excellent instructors.（所有的中心都靠近美丽的海滩，并提供帆船，帆板或滑水与我们优秀的教练）可知，去Active Beach度假的游客可以做一些水上运动。故选A．
（2）C．细节理解题。根据第三段Join us on a five-day UK Road Trip holiday.Imagine life hundreds of years ago as we visit ancient Stonehenge ，Roman Bath and Tintagel Castle ，the home of King Arthur. （加入我们，享受为期五天的英国公路旅行假期。想象一下几百年前的生活，当我们参观古老的巨石阵，罗马浴场和廷塔格尔城堡，亚瑟王的故乡）可知，如果您想了解更多关于廷塔杰尔城堡的信息，您应该去英国公路之旅。故选C．
（3）B．细节理解题。根据第五段Learn about them from our best guides as you watch them go past from the window of an air-conditioned coach and stay at some of Europe's top campsites on the way. （从我们最好的导游那里了解他们，你可以看到他们从空调车厢的窗口经过，并在途中停留在一些欧洲顶级露营地）可知，探索欧洲这是一次教练之旅。故选B．
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要讲述了欧洲度假的一些选择。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、C、D、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇叙议结合的文章。文章主要讲述了许多缺乏经验的徒步者尝试危险的极限运动。
1.
根据第二段中Soon after they arrived, they saw a man injure his shoulder when he jumped into the rock pool at the base of Hermit Falls. Less than a minute later, another man jumped and appeared to break both his legs.可知，一人肩膀受伤，另一人似乎摔断了双腿，由此可知这两人都受伤严重。故选A。
2.
根据第四段The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department's Search and Rescue teams conducted 681 missions in 2017, the largest number in five years. It's a 38% increase from the 491 rescues they did in 2013.可推知，救援次数比以往增加了，因而占用了更多的公共资源。故选C。
3.
根据第五段The teams' leaders say the single largest factor for that increase is people posting videos of extreme activities online.可知，越来越多的人在网上分享极限运动的视频导致更多的人参加极限运动，受伤的人数增多了，因而救援次数也增多了。故选D。
4.
根据倒数第二段Guarin说的话...It's risking everything for no reason. Well, there are the "likes".（这种行为是毫无理由的拿着一切去冒险，能得到的只有“点赞”）可知，Guarin认为仅仅是为了得到“点赞”就不顾一切去冒险，这种行为是不明智的。故选A。
8~11.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文讲述了作者和妈妈谈话时总是会将话题转到自己未来的职业上，妈妈不想让他主修英语，而作者却想做他想做的事。
1. 根据第一段内容可知，作者和妈妈谈话时总是会将话题转到自己未来的职业上，妈妈不想让他主修英语，而作者却想做他想做的事，故作者和他妈妈经常谈论的是作者未来该从事什么职业，故选B。
2. 根据第一段when I was pushed to say that I planned to major (主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.（当我被迫说我打算主修英语和沟通专业时，她差点犯心脏病）可知，作者的妈妈不希望作者选英语专业，故选A。
3. 作者和他妈妈在他将来该从事什么职业方面存在很大的分歧，所以他妈妈应该是在抱怨作者为什么不能像她同事的儿子一样，由此可知bemoans意为“抱怨”，故选C。
4. 根据第二段most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame (名声) or salary.（最重要的是，我想要成就一份事业，因为我热爱它，而不是因为名声或薪水）可知，作者想从事自己喜欢的职业，故选D。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中But black box is also an important term in the world of artificial intelligence.AI black boxes refer to Al systems with internal workings that are invisible to the user.You can feed them input and get output，but you cannot examine the system's logic that produced the output.（但是黑匣子在人工智能领域也是一个重要的术语。人工智能黑匣子指的是具有用户不可见的内部工作原理的人工智能系统。你可以向它们提供输入并获得输出，但是你不能检查产生输出的系统逻辑。）以及第二段中 Machine learning is the main aspect of artificial intelligence.It is the basic of AI systems like ChatGPT.There are three parts to machine learning：an algorithm （算法） or a set of algorithms，training data and a model. （机器学习是人工智能的主要方面。这是ChatGPT等人工智能系统的基础。机器学习有三个部分：一个算法（或一组算法）、训练数据和模型。）可知，此处指出黑匣子指的是用户无法查看其内部工作原理的人工智能系统。由此文章通过介绍介绍黑匣子的工作原理来引出文章说明的内容即机器学习是人工智能的主要方面，它包括算法、训练数据和模型。故第一段中提到黑匣子的目的是引出文章主题。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中So to protect their intellectual property，Al developers often put the model in a black box.（因此，为了保护他们的知识产权，人工智能开发人员经常把模型放在一个黑匣子里。）以及最后一段中For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure. （多年来，许多计算机领域的人认为，把软件放在黑匣子里可以防止黑客检查它，因此它是安全的。）可知，多年来黑匣子的价值是确保计算机系统的安全，即保护软件系统。故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure.This assumption has largely been proved wrong（多年来，许多计算机领域的人认为，把软件放在黑匣子里可以防止黑客检查它，因此它是安全的。这种假设在很大程度上被证明是错误的）可知，多年来很多人认为把软件放在黑匣子中是可以防止黑客攻击的，这是安全的，可是这种假设被证明是错误的。因为黑客可以通过逆向工程来检查软件并发现其存在的缺点（漏洞），并加以利用。故划线词与C选项"Weaknesses"为同义词，意为"缺点"。A．Possibilities可能性；B．Flexibilities灵活性；C．Weaknesses虚弱；D．Advantages优势。故选C。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段中For years，many people in the computing field thought that keeping software in a black box would prevent hackers （黑客） from examining it and therefore it would be secure.This assumption has largely been proved wrong （多年来，许多计算机领域的人认为，把软件放在黑匣子里可以防止黑客检查它，因此它是安全的。）以及If software is in a glass box，then software testers and well-intentioned hackers can examine it and inform the creators of disadvantages，thereby reducing cyberattacks.（如果软件是在一个玻璃盒子里，那么软件测试人员和善意的黑客可以检查它，并告知创建者的缺点，从而减少网络攻击。）可知，此处作者认为智能黑匣子既有优点又有缺点，故作者对它的态度是客观的。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能中的黑匣子概念。同时文章还提到了黑匣子的安全性问题，黑客可以通过逆向工程来发现漏洞，而玻璃盒可以减少网络攻击。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】F、A、G、E、D
【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。根据空前"Sometimes you complain without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful."讲述抱怨是没用的，无益的，以及空后" Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts："讲述下面就是一些停止抱怨，放弃消极思想的一些建议，因此推断空格处选F．So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining？"如何成功地让自己停止抱怨呢？"符合语境，起承上启下的作用。故选F．
（2）A.标题归纳题。空格处是段落标题。本段讲述停止思考和说一些消极的东西，强迫自己说一些积极的东西，找一个快乐的朋友帮助你看到事情积极的一面。因此推断本段建议转变自己的思维方式，不要想消极的事情，要想一些积极的东西。故选A．
（3）G.推理判断题。根据段落标题可知，本段建议把感恩的事情列个清单，感激我们所拥有的，因此推断空格处选G．Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain."写下我们感激的事情，我们将会明白我们没有什么可抱怨的"符合语境。故选G．（4）E.推理判断题。根据段落标题和根据空前"There are many things you can't change.有很多事情是你无法改变的"可知，我们要学会适应变化，总有许多事情我们不能改变，因此推断E项"The best and only thing we can do is to accept them 最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们"，既然我们不能改变，最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们。故选E．
（5）D.推理判断题。根据空后"Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.也许是时候做个艰难的决定，开始新的工作或事业了"可知，到了你做出艰难的决定换一份工作的时候了，因此推断空格处选D．Are you constantly complaining about your present job？"你总是不断抱怨你现在的工作吗？"符合语境．故选D．
本文是一篇说明文，每个人都有抱怨的时候，即使你是世界上最快乐的人，偶尔也会抱怨。本文主要介绍了几个方法来停止抱怨和消除消极思想。
七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全做对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力，有必要进行专门练习。首先，快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置；其次，快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意；其三，注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词，七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项，会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰，这时要特别细致地比对相似选项；最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
21~35.【答案】D、B、C、A、D、B、D、C、C、A、B、A、D、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者对在后院安家的乌鸦从讨厌到怜爱的转变过程，这个故事也告诉我们，对待小动物要一视同仁的道理。
1. 句意：但那是在那对恶心的乌鸦到来之前。A.after在……之后；B.when当……的时候；C.until直到；D.before在……之前。根据下文内容可知，作者在乌鸦来之前，心情极好。故选D。
2. 句意：他们不知从哪里冒出来，在我们的后院搭起了大本营。A.organization组织；B.camp营地；C.business生意，商业；D.trap陷阱。根据下文内容可知，乌鸦在我家的后院定居下来，所以这里指建立了营地（camp）。故选B。
3. 句意：我们第一次发现有羽毛的敌人是在星期五早上。A.accepted接受；B.drove开车；C.discovered发现；D.invited邀请。根据语境可知，此处指第一次发现（discover）乌鸦。故选C。
4. 句意：时间还早，乌鸦的叫声穿过我们的街区。A.traveled传播，旅行；B.flew飞行；C.ran跑；D.flowed流动。根据下文They were getting louder and probably (6) my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise.可知，乌鸦的叫声很大，穿越了街区，travel through意为“穿越，穿过”。故选A。
5. 句意：我想他们很快就会安静下来。A.sing唱歌；B.fight打架；C.fall down摔倒；D.quiet down安静下来。根据下文But, no. They were getting louder可知，但是这些鸟的声音越来越大。由此推出，我原本认为它们会安静（quiet down）下来。故选D。
6. 句意：他们的声音越来越大，可能会让我的邻居和我们一样恼火。A.attracting吸引；B.annoying使恼火；C.frightening使害怕；D.amusing使娱乐。根据上文on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made travel through our neighborhood.可知，在周五的早上，乌鸦的叫声，会让人恼火（annoying ）。故选B。
7. 句意：我承认我有点绝望。A.excited激动的；B.amazed惊讶的；C.curious好奇的；D.desperate绝望的。根据语境可知，在早上听到乌鸦那么大的叫声，很是恼火，却又无可奈何，所以是有点绝望的（desperate）。故选D。
8. 句意：我去探查，在草地上发现了一只黑色的小鸟。A.prevent阻止；B.defend防御；C.explore探查，探索；D.assist协助。根据上一句I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground可知，我看到我的狗盯着地上的东西，出于好奇，我去一探究竟。故选C。
9. 句意：它的眼睛是乳白色的，当我的狗向它走去时，它一动不动。A.cold冷的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.still静止的；D.friendly友好的。根据后文Only when Quatchi (10) his nose to its head did it walk away.可知，只有当狗用鼻子触碰它的头时，它才走开。由此可知，在狗走近它时，它是静止的（still）。故选C。
10. 句意：当狗用鼻子碰到它的头时，它才走开。A.touched碰触；B.threw扔掉；C.pointed指向；D.connected连接。根据常识及语境可知，此处指狗用鼻子触碰（touch）小鸟。故选A。
11. 句意：我把狗锁在里面，带着相机回来了。A.awarded授予；B.locked锁上，把……锁起来；C.praised表扬；D.fed喂食。由上文内容可指，狗用鼻子触碰了小乌鸦，所以我担心小乌鸦的处境，怕狗伤害它而把狗锁（lock）起来。故选B。
12. 句意：我从来没有想过，小乌鸦的父母在上面保护它，小乌鸦会在地面上徘徊，成长和增强力量。A.strength力气，力量；B.pity怜悯；C.advantage优势；D.freedom自由。根据空前the young would be hanging out on the ground, growing and gaining可知，小乌鸦是在为了成长而增加力量。故选A。
13. 句意：我一看到这个小东西就原谅了乌鸦。A.hated憎恨；B.respected尊敬；C.admired钦佩；D.forgave宽恕，原谅。根据上文内容可知，因为乌鸦在我家后院安家，还发出了很大的噪音，我很讨厌乌鸦。所以推出，这里指我原谅了乌鸦。故选D。
14. 句意：但我也很感激我能近距离地看到大自然的这个小生命在我面前展开。A.pitiful可怜的；B.grateful感激的；C.painful痛苦的；D.careful仔细的，小心的。它很神奇。根据上一句And I wish they'd chosen another backyard.以及本句的转折词but可知，虽然我不喜欢乌鸦，也希望乌鸦能去别的地方安家，却因为小乌鸦的可爱，而感激（grateful）大自然能让作者近距离观察到它。故选B。
15. 句意：这段经历也加强了我想要创造一个美丽的后院花园的愿望，吸引了许多蜜蜂、蝴蝶，是的，还有鸟类。A.discouraged阻止，使丧失信心；B.ensured确保；C.strengthened增强，加强；D.proved证明。根据语境可知，此处指看见小乌鸦的经历加强了（strengthen）我想要创造一个美丽的后院花园的愿望。故选C。
36.【答案】【小题1】whether/if
【小题2】truth
【小题3】which
【小题4】decisions
【小题5】the
【小题6】to earn
【小题7】playing
【小题8】eventually
【小题9】published
【小题10】less likely
【解析】（1）考查宾语从句。句意：随着人工智能产品在冒充人类方面的稳步提升，人们将越来越陷入不知道自己是否在和机器说话的令人不安的境地。此处引导宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，结合句意可知此处表示"是否"，应用whether或if引导从句。故填whether/if。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：但事实可能会使这些产品的效果降低：最近的研究发现，在人机交互中，透明度与合作之间存在权衡。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处是名词作主语，表达"事实"，应用名词truth，为不可数名词。故填truth。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。先行词为a game，指物，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，所以用which引导。故填which。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。根据空格前的a series of可知此处应填名词的复数。故填decisions。
（5）考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，保持合作对双方都有利。in the long run"从长远来看"，为介词短语。故填the。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：但是他们总是希望以牺牲伴侣的利益为代价获得额外的分数。desire后跟动词不定式作后置定语。故填to earn。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。play和它所修饰的词people之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填playing。
（8）考查副词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。修饰动词get，应用副词形式。故填eventually。
（9）考查过去分词。句意："遗憾的是，我们未能实现这一目标，"该论文的资深作者Talal Rahwan说，该论文于去年11月发表在《自然机器智能》上。publish和它所修饰的词paper之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意：与人类相比，机器人获得合作的可能性更小，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。句中的than表明本空应用形容词比较级，根据句意可知，此处表示"不太可能"。故填less likely。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人们在使用人工智能产品时发现，在人机交互中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Editor，
I am Li Hua，a senior student from Hong Xing High School.Nowadays，with the development of our society，more and more cultural relics are facing the danger of disappearing.So we must attach importance to the problem and try our best to protect them.（开篇点题）
As we all know，cultural relics offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past. 【高分句型一】Only when they are preserved well can we pass on our culture from generation to generation.【高分句型二】（文化遗产的重要性）As students，we can make our own contribution to protecting them.For example，we can make some applications or websites of cultural relics and tell people the stories behind them.In addition，if it is difficult for us to protect some severely damaged cultural relics ourselves，we can call for international cooperation.（如何保护文化遗产）
I hope that more and more people will become concerned about protecting our cultural relics.（呼吁）
Sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：As we all know，cultural relics offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.
翻译：众所周知，文物为我们提供了一个了解过去发生的事情的好机会。
分析：本句运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句和what引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Only when they are preserved well can we pass on our culture from generation to generation.
翻译：只有把它们保存好，我们才能把我们的文化代代相传。
分析：本句运用了"only+状语从句"放在句首引起的部分倒装和when引导的时间状语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇。
38.【答案】 "But you will be a beautiful narrator," she said. It reminded me how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. "The narrator's part is just as important as the part of a princess." Her wise words inspired me with courage and confidence. But on the evening of the performance, I suddenly felt nervous backstage again. My teacher came over to me. "Your mother asked me to give you this," she said, handing me a dandelion. Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.
After the play, I took home the flower. My mother made it into a dried flower and put it into a glass bottle. Every time I see it, I am reminded of this unforgettable experience. I have taken part in many school plays, tried different roles and made many speeches ever since. Gradually, I've become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now. For this, I am forever grateful to my mother, who have made me what I am today.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】本文主要以时间为线索展开。讲述了我三年级的时候被选中演戏剧里的公主，妈妈几周来都陪我练台词，但是由于我上台表现不佳，老师让我作为叙述者角色，我不高兴地回家，妈妈以花园里的蒲公英等花草都有存在的理由来疏导我。
【段落续写】
根据第一段首句内容“‘但你会成为一个美丽的叙述者，’她说，”可知，第一段可描写妈妈鼓励我做好叙述者和演好公主一样重要等情况。
根据第二段首句内容“演出结束后，我把花带回家了。”可知，第二段可描写我把花带回家后母亲的反应以及我经历此事后的感悟等内容。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
妈妈友情提醒——带来勇气和信心——表演前老师递花——表演完带花返家——妈妈放花入瓶中——感激妈妈
【词汇激活】
行为类
①激励：inspire/encourage/give sb. courage
②使镇静：calm sb. down/make sb. calm down/get rid of the panic
③提醒：remind sb. of sth/give sb. the thought of/bring sb. back to the memory of
④递花：hand sb. a dandelion/pass sb. a dandelion/give sb. a dandelion
情绪类
①勇气和自信：with courage and confidence /be confident/be encouraged
②紧张：be nervous/be in panic
③感激：be grateful/be thankful/be with gratitude
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句型】
①Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.（动词的-ing形式作状语；省略that的宾语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句）
②Gradually, I've become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now.（动词的-ing形式作状语）
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