Unit 4 Section A Grammar focus-43c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【重点语法】
状语从句
until引导的时间状语从句
until作连词，意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句。
主句是肯定句时，其谓语用延续性动词，强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生时为止，译成“直到……为止”。
I'll stay here until you come back.
主句是否定句时，其谓语用非延续性动词，强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始，一般译成“直到……才……”。
We can't get off the bus until it stops.We didn't start our discussion until he arrived.
拓展延伸
so that引导的目的状语从句
so that意为“为了，以便”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中多含有can, could, may, might等情态动词。
I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.
拓展延伸：so that还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”，此时从句中通常不含情态动词。
The movie was boring so that half of the audience was asleep.
although引导的让步状语从句
although意为“尽管；然而”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though。
Although we are neighbors, I don't know them well.
Although she was in poor health, she continued to carry out her duties.
易错警示：although或though不能与but用在同一个句子中，但可以与yet, still同时使用。
Although/Though he was badly ill, he still went to school.
【重点句型】
1. My cousin borrows my things without returning them.
return v. 归还；回来；返回
return在此处作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give sth. back。ruturn sth. to sb. = return sb. sth., 意为“把某物还给某人”。
I'm going to return this book to Tom.=I'm going to return Tom his book.
拓展延伸：return还可用作不及物动词，意为“回来；返回”，相当于come back。
返回某地 return to+地点名词 return+地点副词
Hong Kong returned to motherland on July,1. 1997.
You are afraid of speaking in front of people.
afraid adj. 害怕；畏惧
afraid在句中一般作表语，不作定语，其主要用法有：
be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
·be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 (强调担心会发生, 但实际未必发生)
·be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 (强调不敢去做某事)
·be afraid+ that从句 担心……
单项选择
( )1.--- It’s too late. I have to go now.
--- Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops.
A. since B. until C. while D .after
( )2. They can’t get on well _________ each other and often argue _________ each other.
A. with; with B. on; with C. with; on D. on; at
( )3. Nobody _________ me with any help.
A. offers B. gives C. provides D. agrees
( )4. He isn’t angry with his parents, ____ he is worried about them.
A. instead B. instead of C. because D. although
( )5. He borrowed my computer without _________ it.
A. return B. returning C. tell me D. agreeing with
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.Your English is pretty good! How about _________（give） some advice to me
7.She is shy. She is afraid of ___________（speak） in front of people.
8.It’s too hot. Why don’t you ______（go） swimming now
9.Being honest ___（be） the first thing people should learn.
10.She entered the room without _________（knock） at the door.
三、完成句子。
11.我和我的同学们相处得很好。
I my classmates.
12.她拒绝和我一起参观博物馆。
She refused the museum with me.
13.你应该向你的朋友解释那件事。
You should the matter your friend.
14.他应该做什么
What he
15.很抱歉,我忘记把书还给你了。
I’m sorry that I you the book.
四、完形填空
Today we will talk about the generation gap(代沟). The generation gap means a lack of(缺乏)communication 16 one generation and another. That could come from the differences of tastes, 17 and habits. It often happens between parents and their 18 . Is there a generation gap between you and your parents If so, 19 this reading can help you bridge(消除)the generation gap.
Firstly, communication is the most important. 20 with your parents about something in your life. Start with it, and you'll see 21 close your family members are.
Secondly, try spending more 22 with your parents. You can go for a football game with your father, 23 you can have an evening walk with your mother. You and your parents can take part in free time activities together. They will find the 24 interests as yours and all of you will have fun.
Finally, your parents can help with your problems. So 25 your problems with them. They have more experience and will give you good advice. It will also help to bridge the gap.
( )16. A. through B. between C. during D. against
( )17. A. opinions B. skills C. Situations D. spirits
( )18. A. classmates B. friends C. children D. brothers
( )19. A. instead B. already C. Anyway D. perhaps
( )20. A. Communicate B. Fight C. Compete D. Disagree
( )21. A. what B. Why C. how D. when
( )22. A. time B. training C. life D. money
( )23. A. so B. or C. although D. however
( )24. A. typical B. usual C. different D. same
( )25. A. compare B. cover C. share D. forget
五、阅读理解
The Blacks and the Whites are good neighbors. They know each other well. Sometimes they have dinner together.
Yesterday, Mrs. Black invited the Whites to have dinner again because it was her birthday. In the afternoon, she came home from work early. On the way home, she went to the market and bought a lot of food. First she bought some beef because Mr. Black liked it best. And she knew that Mr. White liked chicken and Mrs. White’s favorite food was fish. So she bought chicken and fish. She also bought some vegetables and fruit. She wanted to get everything ready for the dinner.
When Mr. Black came back home, Mrs. Black was busy cooking. “Happy birthday!” Mr. Black said and brought her a bunch of flowers. “Oh, thanks. What beautiful flowers! Would you please put them in the sitting-room I’m busy now.”
“OK,” said Mr. Black. “And I can help you put the candles on the birthday cake.”
“A birthday cake ” Mrs. Black said, “ I forgot to buy it.”
“Never mind. I’ll buy it now. I’ll be back in a few minutes.” Mr. Black said while he was running towards the door.
Just then, the doorbell rang. They were the Whites. In their hands there was a big birthday cake.
( )26. The Black family and the White family_____________.
A. live next door to each other B. live in different cities C. live in the same house D. are going to the park
( )27. It was ______ birthday yesterday.
A. Mr. White’s B. Mrs. White’s C. Mr. Black’s D. Mrs. Black’s
( )28. Mrs. Black bought _______ but she forgot to buy _______.
A. a lot of food, fruit B. everything, vegetables C. a lot of food, a birthday cake D. some flowers, meat
( )29. What present did the Whites bring
A. A bunch of flowers. B. A big birthday cake. C. A box of fruit. D. A lovely dog.
( )30. Why did Mrs. Black come home early
Because she had to get everything ready for the dinner.
B. Because Mrs. White told her to do so.
C. Because she wanted to go shopping with Mrs. White.
D. Because she was ill.
六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填空，使短文完整、通顺。
Shuanghe Cave in Suiyang, Guizhou is Asia's longest cave. Every summer,many people come here b 31 it's cool inside.What's more,this cave also has w 32 acoustics(音响效果).It is a top choice for music lovers.
D 33 the May Day holiday in 2023, a six-day music festival was held here.Lots of music lovers h 34 great fun."It was cool to travel through the cave with beautiful s 35 ,"said Fang Haiyang, a music lover from Henan province.
After the festival,the n 36 of visitors has increased(增加)to about 1,500 every day. The government also connects visits to the cave with a 37 like study trips, team-building, and camping. So the cave is attracting(吸引) more visitors.
Last week, a team of around 100 students gathered(集合)inthe front of the cave after f 38 their visit. A fifth-grader named Long Sicheng said, "On this trip,I l 39 a lot about geography. I really had a good time here.I think I'll come back the n 40 summer vacation.”
31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________
36._________ 37._________ 38._________ 39._________ 40._________
Unit 4 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5 BACAB
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.giving 7.speaking 8.go 9.is 10.knocking
三、完成句子
11 .get on well with 12.to visit 13. explain, to 14. should, do 15. forgot to return
完形填空
16-20 BACDA 21-25 CABDC
阅读理解
26-30 ADCBA
语法填空
31.because 32.wonderful 33.during 34. had 35.songs
36.number 37.activities 38.finishing 39.learned\ learnt 40.next(共36张PPT)
Presentation
人教新目标版 八年级(下册)
Presentation
At the end of this class, students will be able to:
1. To learn to use new words & expressions about this class:
copy. return, anymore
Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
If your parents are having problems，you should offer to help.
Can you explain to me how to do this math problem？
When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home
2. To learn to use could, should for advice You could go to his house.
He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
3. To learn to use “Why don't you... "to give advice;
Why don't you go to sleep earlier this evening
4. To use the conjunctions until/although/so that correctly and properly.
Presentation
Answer the questions according to the picytures.
What’s wrong with you
have too many
after-school classes
don't allow me to hang out
get into a fight
with my friend
have too much homework
don't get enough sleep
Presentation
Answer the questions according to the picytures.
B: I have to study too much so I
don’t _________________.
have enough sleep
A: Why don’t you go to bed early tonight
=Why not go to bed early tonight
You should\could____________________.
go to bed early tonight
B: He has to too much homework so he doesn’t
_________________________________.
A: Why doesn’t he watch a movie to relax
=Why not watch a movie to relax
He should\could _____________________.
watch a movie to relax
have any free time to do things he likes
A:What’s wrong with Jim
B: What should he do
Presentation
Read the sentences and translate them.
You look tired. What’s the matter I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
What should I do Why don’t you forget about it Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
What should he do He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
Maybe you could go to his house. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.
Grammar Focus
Presentation
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
1.你看上去很疲劳,怎么了
You ______tired. What's _____ _______
2. 昨晚,我一直学习到午夜,因此我没有睡足觉。
I studied _____ _______last night so I didn’t _____ ______sleep.
3.你为什么不忘掉此事呢 尽管她错了,但那不是一件大事。
_____ ______you forget about it ________she's wrong, it's not a _____ ______
4.他应当和他的朋友谈一下,以便他能同他道谦。
He _____ ______ _____his friend _____ ______he can say he’s sorry.
5.或许你可以去他家。
_______you ______go to his house.
6.我猜我可以,但是我不想让他吃惊。
I _______I could. but I don't want to _____ ______.
look
the matter
until midnight
get enough
Why don’t
Although\
Though
big deal
should talk to
so that
Maybe
could
guess
surprise him
Grammar Focus
Presentation
What did you find out
Grammar Focus
You look tired. What’s the matter I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
What should I do Why don’t you forget about it Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
What should he do He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
Maybe you could go to his house. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.
如何提问困难和表达困难
What’s wrong (with sb.)
What’s the matter\trouble (with sb.)
What’s the problem (with sb.)
What happened (to sb.)
What’s up
提问困难句型
表达困难句型
1.I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.
2. I have too much homework so I don’t have any free time to do things I like.
3. My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.
4. I have too many after-school classes.
5. I got into a fight with my best friend.
Presentation
Nowadays, many students share their problems on Moments.
Presentation
What should he do？
I am very shy.
Sad and Thirteen
Why don’t you join
a club at school and make more friends
Marry
In Chongqing
Presentation
Sad and Thirteen
Maybe you could
go to his house.
Marry
My friend is angry with me. What should I do
Sad and Thirteen回复Marry：
I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.
He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
What should
he do？
Presentation
Sad and Thirteen
In Chongqing
Why don’t you forget about it Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
Marry
My cousin borrows my things without returning them.
Can you give
some advice？
Presentation
Sad and Thirteen
So tired!!!
He should have a rest so that he can have more energy to study.
What should
he do？
In Chongqing
You look tired. What’s the matter
Marry
Sad and Thirteen回复Marry：
I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
Presentation
They are talking about the problems.
Presentation
Answer the questions.
What should he do？
What should I do？
How to ask for advice
You look tired. What’s the matter I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
What should I do Why don’t you forget about it Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
What should he do He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
Maybe you could go to his house. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.
Presentation
You want to give her some advice.
What can you say
I had a quarrel
with my friend Sally.
What should I do
How to give advice
提出建议的句型
You should/could talk to her.
Why not write a letter to her
Why don’t you call her up
What/How about sending her a gift
You’d better go to her house.
Presentation
Do you know how to give
advice to others
You should/could talk ...
你应该/可以...
should/could+动词原形
How to give advice
should，shouldn’t “（不）应该”，常用来提出请求和建议
could “可以”可也用来给出建议。
用could 给出建议一般是指说话人自己不太肯定，或者只是很多建议中的某一个，仅供参考；而should就是说话人自己很肯定的或唯一的最好的一个建议。
You should go to school on time.
You could help to clean up the city parks.
Presentation
Do you know how to give
advice to others
How to give advice
Why not write...
Why don’t you call...
为什么不...呢？
Why don’t you do... “你为何不……呢？”也可以写作“Why not do… ”，用来给别人提建议或发出礼貌地邀请。
Why don't you try once more = Why not try once more
Why don’t you buy a book for your father
= Why not buy a book for your father 给你爸爸买本书怎么样？
Why don’t you have a drink of tea
= Why not have a drink of tea 喝杯茶吧。
Presentation
Do you know how to give
advice to others
How to give advice
提出建议的其它句型。
Let’s do … 让我们做……好吗!
主语+had better (not) do… ……最好(不要)做某事
Let’s meet at eight o’clock, shall we
You’d better go to school on time.
Shall we do sth. 我们做某事好吗？
Shall we offer to help them 我们主动帮帮他们好吗？
You'd better not put off the meeting.
Would you mind doing… 你介意…吗？
Would you mind going for a
walk
What about/How about＋ n．/doing…？
What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation
【拓展】perhaps/maybe(可能): 用于提建议，位于句首。
eg. Perhaps/Maybe you can call him up.也许你可以给他打电话
Presentation
Do you know how to give
advice to others
How to give advice
提出建议的其它句型。
Would you like sth. / to do sth. 你想某物/做某事吗？
Would you like to go to the Great Wall Would you like some drink
Will/Could you please do… 请你……，好吗
Could you please open the door for me
如果建议“去散散步，好吗？”，英语有几种表达方式：
1.Let's go for a walk, shall we
2.What about going for a walk
3.How about going for a walk
4.Why not go for a walk \Why don't you go for a walk
5.Would you like to go for a walk
6.What do you think of going for a walk
7.You'd better go for a walk.
Presentation
Look and write.
How to give advice
Write one piece of advice for each problem. Then compare your advice with your partner’s and decide whether the advice is good or bad.
Advice:
1. I’m very shy.
Advice:
2. My sister and I fight all the time.
Why don’t you join a club at school and make more friends
You could try to do more fun things with her so that you will like each other better and not fight so often.
Presentation
Look and write.
Advice:
3. My sister spends all evening on the phone.
Advice:
4. My cousin borrows my things without returning them.
Advice:
5. My parents won’t let me have a pet.
You could encourage her to do other
things, such as go to a movie with you.
You should tell him nicely how you feel
about it and ask him to return your things.
You could convice them that you can look
after the pet yourself.
How to give advice
Presentation
Do you know how to answer the suggestions
How to answer the advice
肯定回答
Good idea. / That's a good idea. 好主意。
OK. / All right. / Great. 好。
Yes, please. / I'd love / like to. 好的。/我愿意。
Sounds good / great. 听起来不错。
No problem. 没问题
Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. 当然可以。
I can't agree more. 我非常同意。
Yes, I think so. 好的，我也这样认为。
否定回答
I don't think so. 我不这样认为。
Sorry, I can't. 对不起，我不能。
I'd love / like to, but... 我很乐意，但是……
I'm afraid... 我恐怕……
What a pity! I have to... 真遗憾！我不得不…
同意对方的建议时，一般用：
对对方的建议
表示拒绝时，
一般用：
注意：如果表“不介意”可以说：Of course not./ Not at all.
若表“介意”,可以说：You'd better not. /I'm afraid you can't.
Presentation
You look tired. What’s the matter I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.
What should I do Why don’t you forget about it Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
What should he do He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
Maybe you could go to his house. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.
Answer the questions.
What are they
They are conjunctions(连词）.
What can you find
用作状语的从句，叫做状语从句，根据它表达的意思可分为时间、原因、条件、比较、结果、目的和让步等类型。
You will get good grades if you study really hard.
I didn't get the bus because I got up late.
John swims much faster than Jim (does)
if引导的条件状语从句
because引导的原因状语从句
than引导的比较状语从句
主
句
Presentation
Let’s learn the usages of conjunctions(连词).
Although
Translate this sentence.
Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
尽管她不对，但这也不是什么大不了的事。
意思 引导状语从句的类型
although
虽然；尽管
让步状语从句
Although she’s wrong , it’s not a big deal.
Angela did really well although she was not prepared.
从句
主句
主句
句首
句中
小组讨论although的位置
从句
Presentation
Let’s learn the usages of conjunctions(连词).
尽管他70多岁了，但是他很健康。
Although he is over 70, he is very fit.
=He is over 70, but he is very fit.
Although he is over 70, but he is very fit.
Is it right？
Can you translate
Presentation
尽管常常下雨,但是我们仍然很享受我们的假期。
We enjoyed our holiday, although it rained a lot.
虽然他年纪大了,但还是很强壮。
Though he is very old, he is quite strong.
Let’s learn the usages of conjunctions(连词).
注意: although引导的从句,意为“虽然、尽管、即使”,可以与 though。/even though互换。
【易错警示】although或though不能与but用在同一个句子中，但可以与yet, still同时使用。
Although/Though he was badly ill, he still went to school.
尽管他病了，他还是去上学了。
当although / though引导的从句放在句首时，主从句之间要用逗号隔开。
Presentation
Let’s learn the usages of conjunctions(连词).
Until
Can you find the rule
我一直待到他回来为止。I stayed there until he came back
直到他回来我才离开。I didn't leave until he came back.
直到我完成我的作业,我才会去打球。
I won’t play basketball until I finish my homework.
注意: until 引导的从句, 用于肯定句中,意为“直到……为止”,主句谓语动词须用延续性动词；强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生时为止，译成“直到……为止”。Keep straight on until you get to the church. 用于否定句中,意为“直到……才”,主句谓语动词通常用非延续性动词,也可用是延续性动词，强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始，一般译成“直到……才……”。We can't get off the bus until it stops.
主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
Presentation
Let’s learn the usages of conjunctions(连词).
so that
Can you translate the sentence
He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
他应该和他的朋友沟通以便他能说抱歉。
以便；为了
请把窗户打开以便我们能呼吸新鲜空气。
Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air.
注意: so that,意为“为了、以便”,引导的目的状语从句，表示动机(即一种可能性)，而非事实。因此,从句中常带有ca, will. could, would, should等情态动词。=in order that …
so that意为“为了，以便”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中多含有can, could, may, might等情态动词。
I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.
我坐了出租车，以便早点到那里。
Presentation
Let’s learn the usages of conjunctions(连词).
so that
Translate this sentence.
她工作如此努力以致于她最后实现了梦想。
She worked so hard that her dream came true at last.
她是如此的虚弱,以至于不能继续前行了。
She was so weak that she couldn' t walk on.
他跑的如此快,以至于我都追不上他。
He runs so fast that I can‘t catch him。
注意:so … that,意为“如此、以至于”,引导的结果状语从向,陈述的是客观事实。句型: … so+ adj /adv .+that …
【拓展延伸】so that还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”，此时从句中通常不含情态动词。
The movie was boring so that half of the audience was asleep.
He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习，结果通过了考试。
Presentation
4a
Fill in the blanks with although, so that or until.
1. A: What's wrong
B: My sister borrows my clothes without asking. What should I do
A: Well, you could tell her that this makes you angry ________ she'll ask you next time.
2. A: I don't have any friends at my new school. What should I do
B: __________ you don't have any now, you will soon make some.
3. A: I'm worried about my school grades. What's your advice
B: You shouldn't wait _______ the last minute to study for a test.
4. A: Mike is my best friend, but he always copies my homework. What should I do
B: ________ he's your best friend, you should still tell him that copying
others' homework is wrong.
so that
Although
until
Although
borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物
lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
be worried about sth. 担心某事
copy 抄袭，复制
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4b
Write one piece of advice for each problem. Then compare your advice with your partner's and decide whether the advice is good or bad.
1. I'm very shy.
Advice: ________________________________________________
2. My sister and I fight all the time.
Advice: _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
3. My sister spends all evening on the phone.
Advice: _________________________________________________
4. My cousin borrows my things without returning them.
Advice: __________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
5. My parents won't let me have a pet.
Advice: ___________________________________________________
You should practice speaking in front of the class.
You could try to do more fun things with her so that you will like each other better and not fight so often.
Why don’t you tell her you need some quietness.
You could tell him that this makes you unhappy so that he will return them soon next time.
You should communicate with them.
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4c
Choose one of the problems and ask your classmates for advice. Decide which classmate has the best advice.
a. You left your homework at home.
b. Your best friend is more popular than you.
c. You are afraid of speaking in front of people.
d. Your best friend does not trust you anymore.
e. Your parents always argue.
---Why don’t you…
---Why not…
---You could…
---You should…
My best friend is more popular than me.
I want to be like him. What should I do
You could try to
be friendlier.
You should just
be yourself.
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Let’s have a class test.
根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 今后我会更加努力地学习。I will study harder ________ _____.
2. 晚饭后他喜欢闲逛。He enjoys ________ ________ after dinner.
3. 不要生他的气。
Don't ________ ________ ________ him.
4. 你与同学们相处得如何？
How are you ________ ________ ________ your classmates
5. 由于污染，许多人担心自己的健康。
Many people ________ ________ ________ their health because of the pollution.
6. 昨天直到雨停了学生们才离开公园。
The students ________ ________ the park ________ the rain stopped
yesterday.
in future
hanging out
be angry with
getting on with
are worried out
didn't leave until
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Have to do
1.背通并默写 Grammar Focus中的句子
2.顶习 Sectionb1a-1e部分,自默单词。
Choose to do
继续完成并丰富4C部分的问题及比较好的建议。
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