写作系列化 第10讲 简单句的五种基本句型(三)
主语＋谓语＋宾语
[要点精析]
?S＋V＋O
该句型简称为“主谓单宾语结构”，谓语是及物动词或具有及物性质的短语动词。
1．Not all boys enjoy playing football.
2．Air pollution alone causes almost three million deaths every year.
3．I have to look after my sick mother at hospital.
4．I'm looking forward to your reply.
[对点集训]
Ⅰ.用“S＋V＋O”句型翻译下列句子。
1．这张饭桌占了太大的空间。
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2．今天上午我想同你面对面地谈谈。
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3．这本书他读过多次了。
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4．他们成功地完成了计划。
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5．那位先生能流利地说四种语言。
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【答案】 1.The table takes up too much room.
2．This morning I want to have a face－to－face talk with you.
3．He has read the book many times.
4．They finished the plan successfully.
5．The gentleman can speak four languages fluently.
Ⅱ.改正下列句子中的错误。
1．I am like English and maths very much.
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2．The building broke out a big fire last night.
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3．We all against the plan.
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4．Cars will gradually in place of bikes.
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5．He came up a suggestion at the conference.
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【答案】 1.I like English and maths very much.
2．A big fire broke out in the building last night.
3．We are all against the plan.
4．Cars will gradually take the place of bikes.
5．He came up with a suggestion at the conference.
写作系列化 第11讲 简单句的五种基本句型(四)
主谓＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
[要点精析]
?S＋V＋IO＋DO
该句型中的表人的宾语是间接宾语，表物的宾语是直接宾语，即“人间物直”，二者合称为“双宾语”，所以该句型也可简称为“主谓双宾语结构”。通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时候间接宾语前加上介词to/for，可将其放在直接宾语的后面。
1．Dad bought me an electric bike on Nov.11.＝Dad bought an electric bike for me on Nov.11.
2．He gave her much money last month.＝He gave much money to her last month.
3．She made me a cup of coffee.＝She made a cup of coffee for me.
[对点集训]
Ⅰ.用“S＋V＋IO＋DO”句型翻译下列句子，然后将其改为“S＋V＋DO＋for/to＋IO”句型。
1．现在徐先生教我们英语。
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2．奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。
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3．请把那本字典递给我好吗？
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4．他在英语晚会上为我们唱了一首法语歌曲。
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5．你能帮我个忙吗？
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【答案】 1.Now Mr. Xu teaches us English./Now Mr.Xu teaches English to us.
2．Yesterday evening Grandma told us an interesting story./Yesterday evening Grandma told an interesting story to us.
3．Would you please pass me the dictionary？/Would you please pass the dictionary to me?
4．He sang us a French song at the English evening./He sang a French song for us at the English evening.
5．Could you do me a favor？/Could you do a favor for me?
Ⅱ.改正下列句子中的错误。
1．You'd better write a letter for me quickly.
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2．He handed me it.
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3．He offered the seat for the old man on the bus.
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4．Please fetch some water to the children.
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5．The old man saved much money to his son.
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【答案】 1.for→to 2.handed me it→handed it to me 3.for→to 4.to→for 5.to→for
写作系列化 第12讲 简单句的五种基本句型(五)
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补(OC)
[要点精析]
?S＋V＋O＋OC
该句型中的宾语和宾补合称为“复合宾语”，所以该句型可简称为“主谓复合宾语结构”。
1．He painted the door green.
2．No one saw him go out.
3．They left the lights on all day.
4．Tell him not to come late for the conference.
[对点集训]
Ⅰ.用“S＋V＋O＋OC”句型翻译下列句子。
1．妈妈叫她二妮。
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2．我们大家都认为他很勇敢。
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3．他们把那小偷释放了。
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4．我要你把真相告诉我。
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5．警察命令我们立即离开。
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【答案】 1.Her mother calls her Er Ni.
2．We all think him very brave.
3．They set the thief free.
4．I want you to tell me the truth.
5．The police ordered us to leave at once.
Ⅱ.改正下列句子中的错误。
1．They appointed Li Hua the chairman of the board.
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2．The teacher caught him cheat in the exam.
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3．They were made work hard for the boss.
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4．Have you had your mobile phone repair in the shop?
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5．Gradually I find English easily to learn.
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【答案】 1.the chairman→chairman 2.cheat→cheating 3.work→to work 4.repair→repaired 5.easily→easy
[基本句型综合演练]
Ⅰ.判断下列简单句的句型类型。
1．He is running very fast.
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2．The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.
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3．The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.
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4．She seemed angry.
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5．My father bought me a beautiful present.
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6．Why do you keep your eyes closed?
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7．Will you tell us an exciting story?
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8．I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.
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9．Both Tom and Jack enjoy playing tennis.
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10．Her hobby is chatting with her friends online.
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【答案】 1.S＋V 2.S＋V＋O＋OC 3.S＋V＋IO＋DO 4.S＋V＋P 5.S＋V＋IO＋DO 6.S＋V＋O＋OC 7.S＋V＋IO＋DO 8.S＋V＋O＋OC 9.S＋V＋O 10.S＋V＋P
Ⅱ.先根据汉语判断下列句子适合于简单句的哪种句型，然后将其译成英语。
1．那位农民正在给同学们示范如何植树。
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2．我们选她当我们班的班长。
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3．我们必须每天保持教室干净整洁。
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4．他的梦想实现了。
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5．不幸的是，我的汽车在我回家的路上出了故障。
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【答案】 1.S＋V＋IO＋DO The farmer is showing the students how to plant a tree. 2.S＋V＋O＋OC We elected/made her monitor of our class. 3.S＋V＋O＋OC We must keep our classroom clean and tidy every day. 4.S＋V＋P His dream came true/has come true. 5.S＋V＋P Unfortunately，my car was out of order on my way home. S＋V Unluckily，my car broke down on my way home.
Ⅲ.从英语句子的用途这个角度来翻译下列句子。
1．——你永远不会忘记那一天，是吗？
——是的，我不会忘记。
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2．——朱之文是一位多棒的农民歌手啊！
——的确，他唱歌太好听了！
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3．过马路时务必要小心汽车！
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4．你上班时是骑自行车还是打的？
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5．我确实通知过她考试的时间。
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【答案】 1.—You will never forget the day，will you?
—No，I won't.
2．—What a good farmer singer Zhu Zhiwen is!
—So he is！How well he sings!
3．Do be careful of cars while crossing the road!
4．Do you go to work by bike or by taxi?
5．I did inform her of the time of the exam.
写作系列化 第7讲 陈述句和疑问句
[要点精析]
?英语句子按用途分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
?陈述句是用来叙述一件事情或表述一种观点、看法的句子。它分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句两种，句末用“.”。
1．I know you will come here.
2．In front of our village runs a clear river.
3．She can't play the piano at all.
4．I will never forget your aid to me.
?疑问句是用来提出问题的句子。它分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句四种，句末用“？”。
5．Are your parents strict with you?
6．When were your mother born?
7．You like English very much，don't you?
8．Shall we go home or stay here for the night?
[对点集训]
Ⅰ.将下列句子中的肯定句变为否定句，否定句变为肯定句。
1．He has finished his task already.
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2．Mr.Li has some time to play with his son.
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3．Liu Tao does his homework alone at home.
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4．Tom is lazy and always goes to school late.
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5．Nancy often surfs the Internet all night long.
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6．There is something valuable in the case.
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7．I have never been to Sydney.
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8．I think that you should come back at once.
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【答案】 1.He hasn't finished his task yet.
2．Mr.Li hasn't/doesn't have any time to play with his son.
3．Liu Tao doesn't do his homework alone at home.
4．Tom isn't lazy and never goes to school late.
5．Nancy seldom surfs the Internet all night long.
6．There is not anything/nothing valuable in the case.
7．I have ever been to Sydney.
8．I don't think that you should come back at once.
Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子。
1．Jack usually has some noodles and bread for breakfast.(改为一般疑问句并做出肯定和否定回答)
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2．They have lived here for_more_than_ten_years．(对划线部分提问)
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3．There will be a sports meeting at the end of this month，______________？(完成反意疑问)
4．This magazine comes out every_other_week．(对划线部分提问)
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5. They could hardly believe his words，________________？(完成反意疑问)
6．Tom is going to be a scientist.(用an engineer改为选择疑问句)
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7．The Diaoyu Islands belong to China，________________？
The Diaoyu Islands don't belong to China，________________？(完成以上两个反意疑问句并均根据实际情况做出回答)
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8. _bought_an_ with in_the_bookshop_ .(对划线部分分别进行提问)
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【答案】 1.—Does Jack usually have any noodles and bread for breakfast?
—Yes，he does./—No，he doesn't.
2．How long have they lived here?
3．won't there
4．How often does this magazine come out?
5．could they
6．Is Tom going to be a scientist or engineer？/What is Tom going to be，a scientist or an engineer?
7．don't they；Yes，they do./do they；Yes，they do.
8．①Who bought an English dictionary with Li Hua in the bookshop near their school on Saturday?
②What dictionary did Li Ping buy with Li Hua in the bookshop near their school on Saturday?
③What did Li Ping buy with Li Hua in the bookshop near their school on Saturday?
④What did Li Ping do with Li Hua in the bookshop near their school on Saturday?
⑤Who/Whom did Li Ping buy an English dictionary with in the bookshop near their school on Saturday?
⑥In which bookshop did Li Ping buy an English dictionary with Li Hua on Saturday?
⑦Where did Li Ping buy an English dictionary with Li Hua on Saturday?
⑧When did Li Ping buy an English dictionary with Li Hua in the bookshop near their school?
写作系列化 第8讲 祈使句和感叹句
[要点精析]
?祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等语气的句子。其主语是听话人，通常省略，但有时前面会有呼语。肯定祈使句一般以动词原形开头，否定祈使句在动词原形前加don't或never，句末通常用“.”或“！”。
1．Come this way，please.
2．Don't forget to lock the door before you leave!
3．Never give up!
4．Do be on time next time!
?感叹句是用来表达说话者喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句
子。常用what或how引出被强调部分并放于句首，其构成为“What＋a(n)＋(adj.)＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，“what＋(adj)＋不可数名词或可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”；“How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！”，“How＋主语＋谓语！”。句末用“！”。
5．What a beautiful picture it is！/How beautiful a picture it is!
6．What fun it is to play football!
7．How beautiful the picture is!
8．How time flies!
[对点集训]
Ⅰ.将下列句子变为祈使句(保持原意)。
1．You must be careful with your pronunciation!
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2．You mustn't park your car here.
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3．You can't step on the grass.
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4．Would you mind opening the door?
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5．I can help you.
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6．Shall we go out for a picnic today?
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【答案】 1.Do be/Be careful with your pronunciation!
2．Don't park your car here!
3．Don't step on the grass!
4．Please open the door.
5．Let me help you.
6．Let's go out for a picnic today.
Ⅱ.用what或how填空。
1．________ warm it is in winter in Hong Kong!
2．________ wonderful a performance we had last night!
3．________ clever students they are!
4．________ delicious the food is!
5．________ a lovely day we are having today!
6．________ bad news it is!
【答案】 1.How 2.How 3.What 4.How 5.What 6.What
Ⅲ.按要求完成下列句子。
1．Kate is a very pretty and kind girl.(变为感叹句)
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2．The students of Class Ten are working hard on the farm.(变为感叹句)
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3．I wish to fly to the moon some day.(变为感叹句)
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4．Let's go for an outing this weekend，______________？(完成反意疑问句)
5．Let us set off right away，________________？(完成反意疑问句)
6．You must listen to your teacher carefully in class.(改为祈使句的强调式)
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【答案】 1.What a pretty and kind girl Kate is！/How pretty and kind a girl Kate is!
2．How hard the students of Class Ten are working on the farm!
3．How I wish to fly to the moon some day!
4．shall we 5.will you
6．Do listen to your teacher carefully in class!
写作系列化 第9讲 简单句的五种基本句型(一)主语＋
谓语(二)主语＋系动词＋表语
[要点精析]
?英语句子按结构分为三类：简单句、并列句和复合句。只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。简单句又根据句中谓语动词(系动词、不及物动词、及物动词)的不同分为五种基本句型：主语(S)＋系动词(V)＋表语(P)，主语(S)＋谓语(V)，主语(S)＋谓语(V)＋宾语(O)，主语(S)＋谓语(V)＋间接宾语(IO)＋直接宾语(DO)，主语(S)＋谓语(V)＋宾语(O)＋宾补(OC)。其它各种句子均是由这五种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成的。
?S＋V
该句型简称为“主谓结构”，谓语是不及物动词或具有不及物性质的短语动词。
1．He works hardest in our class.
2．The 2nd World War broke out in 1939.
?S＋V＋P
该句型简称为“主系表结构”。中学阶段常见的系动词可分为六类：
1．be类；2.感官类：feel(摸起来)、look(看起来)、smell(闻起来)、sound(听起来)、taste(尝起来)；3.变化类：become，come，fall，get，go，grow，turn；4.保持类：keep，remain，stay；5.好像类：appear，seem；6.证明类：prove，turn out。
3．After the storm the sea was calm again.
4．He looks very angry with you.
5．Our country is becoming richer and stronger.
6．We should remain modest at any time.
7．The man appears older than you.
8．His opinion proved wrong in the end.
[对点集训]
Ⅰ.用“S＋V”句型翻译下列句子。
1．她昨晚回家很晚。
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2．会议将持续两个小时。
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3．在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨变。
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4．每天八点十分开始上课。
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5．2008年5月12日，汶川发生了一场大地震。
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【答案】 1.She went home very late last night.
2．The meeting will last for two hours.
3．In the past ten years，great changes have taken place in my hometown.
4．Classes begin at 8：10 every day.
5．On May 12th，2008，a big earthquake happened in Wenchuan.
Ⅱ.用“S＋V＋P”句型翻译下列句子。
1．冬季这里白天短。
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2．十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。
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3．孩子们很少保持安静。
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4．那些花闻起来很香。
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5．老师似乎对你的回答很满意。
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【答案】 1.In winter the day is short here.
2．At the age of 15，he became a famous pianist.
3．Children seldom keep quiet.
4．The flowers smell very sweet.
5．The teacher seemed very satisfied with your answer.
Unit 1 Cultural relics
课时作业(一) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is the only one of the family who ________(幸存)the terrible earthquake.
2．Could you ________(移开)your suitcase from the hall?
3．Her new house is being ________(装饰)now.
4．He was asked to ________(设计)evening dress for many movie stars.
5．Last week，I bought an ancient Chinese ________(花瓶)，the price of which was very reasonable.
6．As the saying goes，virtue is a ________(珠宝)of great price.
7．The ________(艺术家)of the cartoon tries to let us keep in mind that we must keep on going and never give up.
8．A ________(群；组)of ten men were sent out to search for the missing child.
9．The young man ________(挑选)a shirt to match his trousers.
10．China，________(属于)to the third－world country，is developing rapidly.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Since then，people all over China tried their best to help those who ________ the earthquake rebuild their home.
A．escaped B．moved
C．survived D．saved
2．Like so many others，the young man has rushed there ________ gold，but without success.
A．in search of B．in place of
C．for lack of D．for fear of
3．(2015·义乌高一检测)Visitors are all very ________ to hear about the ________ love story in Lijiang.
A．amazing；amazed B．amazing；amazing
C．amazed；amazing D．amazed；amazed
4．(2015·宁波高一检测)The father went to the bookstore to ________ a reference book for his son.
A．choose B．elect
C．appoint D．select
5．It is said that the software(软件)on learning subjects for pupils ________ in a very practical way.
A．designed B．is designed
C．designs D．is designing
6．Old as she was，she still ________ herself to be young and beautiful.
A．pictured B．regarded
C．fancied D．hoped
7．After school we went to the reading－room to do some reading，only to be told that it ________．
A．was decorated B．had decorated
C．had been decorating D．was being decorated
8．Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________ to the well－educated.
A．belongs B．is belonged
C．is belonging D．will be belonged
9．Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behavior such as poor eating habits，which ________ increases the risk of heart diseases.
A．in return B．after all
C．in turn D．by design
10．Sorry，Cathy，I didn't know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________ me for help.
A．must have asked B．could have asked
C．would have asked D．may have asked
11．(2013·浙江高考)As the world's population continues to grow，the ________ of food becomes more and more of a concern.
A．worth B．supply
C．package D．list
12．(2013·江苏高考)“Never for a second” the boy says，“________that my father would come to my rescue.”
A．I doubted B．do I doubt
C．I have doubted D．did I doubt
13．(2014·安徽高考)What we expect from you is working hard ________hardly working.
A．less than B．rather than
C．as well as D．as much as
14．(2015·台州市安书生中学高一检测)The way ________ he thought of to solve the problem is a clever one.
A．which B．in that
C．in which D．how
15．A large sum of money has been raised ________ the poorly－educated children in the mountainous areas.
A．in return for B．for the benefit of
C．in search of D．in memory of
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.
It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing．Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an ever－lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.
By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans' need for wood，which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again.
In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under human care.The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1，1914.
1．In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons ________．
A．were the biggest bird in the world
B．lived mainly in the south of America
C．did great harm to the natural environment
D．were the largest bird population in the US
2．The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons'________．
A．escape B．ruin
C．liberation D．evolution
3．What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?
A．To seek pleasure. B．To save other birds.
C．To make money. D．To protect crops.
4．What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?
A．It was ignored by the public.
B．It was declared too late.
C．It was unfair.
D．It was strict.
B
The Leshan Giant Buddha is a statue of Maitreya(弥勒大佛)in sitting posture.The Buddha is located in Sichuan Province，facing Min River，Qingyi River，and Dadu River.In December，1996，the Buddha was included by UNESCO on the list of the World Heritage(世界遗产录)．
The statue was begun in the year 713 in the Tang Dynasty，and finished in the year 803.The Buddha is 71 meters high.The eight－meter－long instep(脚背)is big enough for one hundred people to sit on and the 28－meter－wide shoulder is large enough to be a basketball playground.
A monk called Hai Tong is connected with the Buddha forever.At that time，wild waters brought out many boat accidents and people just put the disaster down to the presence of a water spirit.So Hai Tong decided to make a statue beside the river thinking that the Buddha would bring the water spirit under control.After 20 years'begging from door to door，he finally collected enough money for the plan.When some local government officials tried to get this amount of money，Hai Tong said that they could get his eyeball but not the money raised for the Buddha.After he dug out his eyeball，these officials ran away scared.The project was half done when Hai Tong passed away，and two of his disciples(门徒)continued the work.After a total of 90 years'hard work，the project was finally completed.
Having such a long history，the Buddha was nearly destroyed by the wind and rain.The Chinese government began the repairing work in 1963 under the instruction of experts from UNESCO.
5．What's the main idea of this passage?
A．To explain the Leshan Giant Buddha briefly.
B．To tell us how the Leshan Giant Buddha was built.
C．To say where the Leshan Giant Buddha is.
D．To mention how the Leshan Giant Buddha came into the World Heritage.
6．How did Hai Tong get the money for the Buddha?
A．By calling for donation.
B．By working on the river.
C．By asking the government.
D．By selling his eyeball.
7．Hai Tong hoped to build the statue to ________．
A．make his temple more famous
B．show respect to the water spirit
C．protect the safety of the local people
D．get more people to believe in Buddhism
8．In this passage，Hai Tong can be best described as ________．
A．generous B．cruel
C．easy－going D．long－suffering
9．According to the passage，the Leshan Giant Buddha ________．
A．was completed when Hai Tong was alive
B．didn't exist now
C．played a good role in controlling the river
D．has been a World Heritage site for over ten years
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我本可以遇见他，可惜我没去参加昨晚的聚会。(could have done)
I __________________ him，but I didn't attend the party last night.
2．他们在森林里寻找那个失踪的小男孩。(search)
They are __________ the woods __________ the missing boy.
3．感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？(return)
Can I buy you lunch ________________ your help?
4．你认为他们之间的战争持续了多长时间？(at war)
How long do you think they ______________？
5．毫无疑问，《阿凡达》是一部很好的电影。(doubt)
__________________ Avatar is a pretty good film.
课时作业(二) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ________(当地的)economy is now in a mess.
2．It was the first time Jane and I had been ________(分别)for more than a few days.
3．We advanced towards the ________(城堡)．
4．After retirement he took up ________(绘画)．
5．I paid a visit to my ________(以前的)English teacher.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.
A．when B．if
C．and D．till
2．I was about to swim in the river ________ the guide told me there were man－eating fish in it.
A．as B．when
C．while D．which
3．Jenny is always absent from school，________ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then.
A．which B．who
C．that D．what
4．He often helps the students ________ he thinks are not quick at their studies.
A．whose B．who
C．when D．they
5．(2013·安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，________ made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true.
A．it B．that
C．what D．which
6．Can you see a man and his horse ________ are crossing the bridge?
A．which B．who
C．that D．what
7．As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________ is named after his grandfather.
A．which B．where
C．what D．that
8．I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade，________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A．when B．where
C．which D．why
9．You'd better not take ________ the computer for you can't fix it up.
A．in B．on
C．out D．apart
10．________ is often the case with him，he was fined for speeding.
A．It B．What
C．Which D．As
Ⅲ.完形填空
Do you know __1__ languages there are in the world？There are about 1，500, but many of them are not very __2__.English is one of the most important languages because many people __3__it，not only in England and America，__4__in other countries of the world.About 200，000，000 speak it __5__their own language，and another 200，000，000 use it as __6__language.It is __7__to say how many people are learning it.__8__boys and girls in school are trying to do so.
Many English children study French.French is also a very important language.__9__children study German，Russian，Japanese and Chinese.Which is the best __10__to learn a language？We know that we all learnt __11__language well when we were __12__．If we learn a second language in the __13__ way，it won't seem so difficult.What does a small child do？It __14__ what people say，and it tries to guess what it hears.When it wants something，it has to __15__ it.It is using the language，__16__ in it and talking in it all the time.If people use a second language __17__，they will learn it __18__．
In school，you learn to read，to hear and to speak.It is best to learn all new words through the __19__．You can read them，spell them and __20__ them.,
1.A.how many B．what number
C．a lot of D．so many
2．A.useful B．necessary
C．important D．good
3．A.like B．use
C．learn D．speak
4．A.but B．and
C．also D．so
5．A.like B．with
C．for D．as
6．A.foreign B．a second
C．the second D．a special
7．A.easy B．again
C．difficult D．best
8．A.Millions of B．Million of
C．Millions D．Several million
9．A.Some B．Other
C．All D．Few
10．A.time B．way
C．thing D．place
11．A.a foreign B．our mother's
C．other's D．our own
12．A.born B．children
C．grown D．boys
13．A.same B．different
C．useful D．good
14．A.does B．says
C．listens to D．follows
15．A.ask B．want
C．get D．ask for
16．A.speaking B．writing
C．thinking D．doing
17．A.some time B．sometimes
C．all the time D．for the time
18．A.quickly B．soon
C．freely D．easily
19．A.mouth B．hands
C．ears D．mind
20．A.speak B．use
C．love D．write
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The Palace Museum，known as the Forbidden City，was the imperial(帝王的)palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In the early 15th century，large－size construction caused 100，000 common people to lead a hard life.The construction took 14 years and was finished in 1420.In the following year，the capital of Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing.Twenty－four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled from the Forbidden City.The last dynasty fell in 1911，but Emperor Puyi still lived in the inner court.It was not until 1925 that the complex buildings were changed into a museum.Since then，the Palace has been opened to the public.
The Palace Museum is rectangular(长方形的)in shape，about 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from west to east.There is a 10－meter－high wall，encircled by a 52－meter－wide moat(护城河)．In the Ming Dynasty，the wood needed for the building was brought mostly from Sichuan Province and Hunan Province，while in the Qing Dynasty，it was cut from the northeast of China.Most of the stones were mined from the suburban(郊外的)district of Fangshan and other districts.Construction of the Forbidden City brought huge hardship to the laboring people.
The Palace is the largest piece of ancient Chinese architecture(建筑)still standing.Some of the buildings were damaged by lightning and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The palace has been expanded several times，but the original design was preserved.After liberation，some costly renovations(翻新)were done and the Palace Museum is listed as one of the important historical sites under special preservation by the Chinese government.
1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．The origin of the name “the Forbidden City”．
B．The Forbidden City and the emperors.
C．The open to the public of the Forbidden City.
D．The period of the construction of the Forbidden City.
2．The Forbidden City is also called ________．
A．the History Museum B．the People's Site
C．the Palace Museum D．the Summer Palace
3．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．The emperors' cruelty brought the Forbidden City into the world.
B．The processing of constructing the Forbidden City needed wood and stones from all over the country.
C．The Forbidden City is the largest piece of Chinese architecture still standing.
D．The Forbidden City is about 720，000 square meters.
4．This passage most probably comes from a book on ________．
A．customs and habits
B．dynasties and emperors
C．history and emperors
D．architecture and history
5．The Forbidden City began to be constructed in ________．
A．1911 B．1421
C．1406 D．1420
课时作业(三) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Finally the broken ship ________(沉没)to the bottom of the sea before help came.
2．When the first atomic bomb ________(爆炸)，the whole world was shocked.
3．Due to the lack of ________(证据)，the police had to release the three suspects.
4．Some of the words can be used in daily life ________(非正式地)．
5．After a long ________(辩论)，they finally reached an agreement.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．This kind of new machine is on ________ before they are put into the market.
A．experiment B．trial
C．examination D．agreement
2．(2015·宁波高一检测)Jim said there was no clear evidence ________ they meant to mislead investors.
A．which B．that
C．what D．when
3．A Texas fertilizer plant in a small town in America ________，causing 70 people's deaths and injuries.
A．exploded B．destroyed
C．devoted D．trapped
4．Fred entered without knocking and，very out of breath，sank ________ a chair.
A．on B．off
C．into D．to
5．John was dismissed last week because of his ________ attitude towards his job.
A．informal B．casual
C．tough D．violent
6．Young as she is，our English teacher is very experienced and ________ by all of us.
A．thinks highly of B．highly thought of
C．thinks high of D．high thought of
7．She ________ with her roommate about who should do the cleaning last night，but she didn't think it was her fault.
A．discussed B．debated
C．argued D．quarreled
8．It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether B．where
C．which D．that
9．I've worked with children before，so I know what ________ in my new job.
A．expected B．to expect
C．to be expecting D．expects
10．(2015·金华高一检测)It has been said that Mona Lisa's smile was so pleasing that it seemed holy ________ human.
A．rather than B．other than
C．or rather D．more than
Ⅲ.信息匹配
(2015·杭州市萧山区五校高一上期中)
A．Practice what you teach
B．Show affection and respect
C．Respect your children's mother
D．The importance of being a good father
E．Don't put unreasonable expectations on your children
F．Don't put unreasonable expectations on yourself either
Being a Good Father
1．________
Research has found that children with emotionally available fathers do much better in school，relate better with teachers and generally have better peer relationships than children whose fathers are more emotionally distant.Children with fathers who are overly critical or dismissing of emotions are more likely to do poorly in school，fight more with friends and suffer poor health.
2．________
Children need to be taught right from wrong and will need to see it demonstrated by their father.Let them see you make decisions and explain to them why you came to that resolution.Tell them about life choices that you made in the past and why they did(or didn't)work out.Teach them that it's okay to make mistakes...everyone does；that it's important to learn from your mistakes and try to avoid making the same mistakes over and over again.
3．________
Mutual respect is very important.Children tend to imitate the way their parents behave and how you treat your child's mother will influence the way in which the child will view his or her own role when they themselves are married or in a relationship.Try to work as a partnership，be on the same page about how to discipline and reward your child and be consistent.
4．________
Children can have lots of pressures，from siblings to kids at school to teachers to coaches.Talk to them about their goals in life and help them set achievable ones.Never bring them down by telling them that they are not good enough but always try to boost their self－esteem and be sure to offer praise where it is due.Encourage them to meet their full potential but avoid living vicariously through them by expecting them to achieve what you had achieved or hoped to have achieved.
5．________
You are a very important part of your child's development but many other people and things will influence their development and growth.Just as you can't take credit for all of your child's strengths，you also shouldn't shoulder the blame for their weaknesses.
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The world is not only hungry，but also thirst.This may sounds strange，since nearly seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered with water.But about ninety percent of this is sea water.Man and most of the animals can only drink and use the remained ten percent of water—fresh water.The need for water is increased day by day.Only when steps are taken to deal with this problem immediate can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on.One of the first steps are to develop ways to reuse them.Experiments have already carried out in this field.The used water has been pumped into a water purifying plant that it can be separated from waste matters and treated with chemicals so that it can be reused again.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．很明显这计划是行不通的。(evidence)
________________ the plan is impracticable.
2．在最近几年里这个城市的人口急剧增加。(explode)
The city's population ______________ in the last few years.
3．船开始下沉时，我们发出闪光信号以唤起人们注意。(sink)
As our ship ____________________，we sent out flares to attract attention.
4．我离开时，那些人仍在辩论。(debate)
When I left，the men ______________________．
5．他在整个地区所受的评价很高。(think highly of)
He ______________________ all over the district.
Unit 2 The Olympic Games
课时作业(四) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This is a stone bridge built in ________(古代的)times.
2．We can ________(竞争)with the best teams.
3．She was awarded a ________(奖章)for bravery.
4．This stone seems to have ________(有魔力的)powers.
5．There will be lots of ________(志愿的)helpers and guides.
6．He works hard and keeps ________(有规律的)hours.
7．I'd like my son to be ________(接纳)to your school.
8．He has no sense of ________(责任)．
9．Nothing can ________(代替)a mother's love.
10．I noticed a ________(快速的)change of expression on his face.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．He will compete _______ one of his classmates _______ the first place.
A．in；in B．for；for
C．with；for D．with；in
2．We were surprised that he ________ the Chinese characters spelling contest and won the first prize.
A．joined B．attended
C．took part D．took part in
3．She watches TV ________ evening and changes channels ________ few minutes.
A．in；every B．every；every
C．every；each D．every；in
4．Tom is the best one in our team.If he is injured，nobody can ________ him.
A．replace B．beat
C．admire D．strike
5．Air is necessary for people；it is necessary for plants ________．
A．either B．though
C．as well D．also
6．In the end，he had to admit ________ my electronic dictionary by mistake.
A．taking B．to take
C．take D．took
7．Mary，don't worry.I'll help to ________ the guests when they arrive.
A．hold B．host
C．wait D．accept
8．Was it ________ he said ________ disappointed you?
A．what；which B．what；that
C．that；what D．that；that
9．________ one thousand students went to work on the farm.
A．As much as B．As much
C．As many as D．As many
10．—What does NASA stand ________？
—It means“National Aeronautics and Space Administration”．
A．by B．on
C．for D．out
11．I don't know ________ he will get here.
A．how long B．how soon
C．how often D．how many
12．(2015·宁波高一检测)It was not until dark ________ he found ________ he thought was the way to solve the problem.
A．that；what B．that；that
C．when；what D．when；that
13．________ to paint the house，John found it embarrassing to have to stop half way.
A．Volunteering B．Having volunteered
C．To volunteer D．Volunteered
14．He，a kind person，always thinks about ________ he can do to help the people in trouble.
A．how B．what
C．why D．which
15．________ the Olympic Games is a great honour and a great responsibility for a country.
A．Hosting B．Host
C．To be hosted D．Hosted
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.There were nine sports：cycling，tennis，gymnastics，swimming，track and field，weightlifting，rowing，wrestling and shooting.Sailing was also to have taken place，but had to be cancelled because of bad weather at sea.
In the first Olympics there were no real team sports.Then，slowly，a few team sports joined the program.Football and hockey were the first team sports introduced into the Olympics in London in 1908.Then in 1936，at the Berlin Olympics，the Germans brought in handball and the Americans had basketball accepted as an Olympic sport.
It often happens that the country that introduces a new sport into the Olympics then goes on to win the gold medals.In 1904，at the Olympics in St.Louis，the Americans introduced boxing and won all seven events.Five horse riding events were introduced into the 1912 Stockholm(斯德哥尔摩)Olympics，and Swedish riders won four of them.And in 1964，at the Tokyo Olympics，two sports which are very popular in Japan were introduced：judo and volleyball.The Japanese won all three gold medals in the judo，and also won the first women's volleyball competition.Some new sports have recently been added to the Olympics.In Los Angeles，in 1984，baseball was introduced and became an Olympic sport.In Seoul(汉城)，Korea in 1988，table tennis was introduced for the first time，and tennis returned as an Olympic sport.Unlike tennis，some sports，such as golf and rugby(橄榄球)，have been tried in the Olympics but have never returned.
1．The text is mainly about ________．
A．the ancient Olympic Games
B．the Olympic sports
C．the ancient and modern Olympic Games
D．how many events are in the Olympic Games
2．Football was first introduced into the Olympics in ________．
A．1908，in London B．1936，in Berlin
C．1904，in St.Louis D．1988，in Seoul
3．Which of the following sports is NOT a team sport?
A．Basketball. B．Football.
C．Judo. D．Baseball.
4．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens.
B．At the time when the first modern Olympic Games were held，there were not so many sports as there are today.
C．The Olympic Games are held every four years.
D．The country which introduces a new sport into the Olympics usually cannot get the gold medal for that event.
B
Camp memories last forever！We make sure they are unforgettable!
Shadow Ridge Summer Camps offer so many exciting things for campers to do.Unlike other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program，at Shadow Ridge horses are the program！We are 100% horse from stable(马厩)management，nature walks，and track rides to bedroom furnishings.
Horses help us achieve many of our aims.Girls can learn to develop responsibility，self－confidence and personal connections in their lives while having fun.Using horses as a wonderful tool for education，our camps offer an interesting place for growth and learning.
Imagine each girl having her very own horse to spend time with and a best friend to love and take care of.Each camper is responsible for a horse for the week.Our riding program provides a lot of riding and lesson time.Campers will learn how to take care of the horse and the tack(马具)，as well as how to ride.Days are filled with horse－related activities to strengthen the connection between each girl and horse，as the girls learn to work safely around the horses.
At Shadow Ridge we try to create a loving，caring family atmosphere for our campers.We have“The Bunkhouse”(4 girls)，“the Wranglers Roost”(4 girls)，and“The Hideout”(2 girls)in our comfortable 177－year－old farm house.All meals are home－cooked，offering delicious and healthy food for the hungry rider.Our excellent activities create personalized memories of your child's vacation.Each child will receive a camp T－shirt and a photo album(usually 300－500 pictures)of their stay at camp.
Our camps are offered during June，July and August，for small groups of girls aged 13—16 years，not only from Canada but also other parts of the world.
We will send you full program descriptions at your request.
5．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To attract people to the camps.
B．To talk about camping experiences.
C．To describe the programs of the camps.
D．To explain the aims of the camps.
6．What do we know about the camp programs at Shadow Ridge?
A．Campers are required to wear camp T－shirts.
B．Horses play a central role in the activities.
C．Campers learn to cook food for themselves.
D．Horse lessons are offered all the year round.
7．The programs at Shadow Ridge mainly aim to help people ________．
A．understand horses better
B．enjoy a family atmosphere
C．have fun above other things
D．achieve an educational purpose
8．The passage is written mainly for ________．
A．horse riders
B．teenage girls
C．parents
D．international travelers
9．Which one of the following isn't mentioned in the passage?
A．The time of the camping.
B．The cost of the camping.
C．The advantages of the camping.
D．The effect of the camping.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．这个姑娘每三周去看望父母一次。(every)
The girl goes to see her parents ________________．
2．她是在南非结识了她的男朋友。(It's...that)
____________ in South Africa ______ she met her boyfriend.
3．他女儿被一所名校录取，这使得全家人都很兴奋。(admit)
His daughter __________________ a famous university，which made the whole family excited.
4．他们不打算参加这次运动会。(take part in)
They planned not to __________________ the sports meeting.
5．你知道GNP代表着什么吗？(stand)
Do you know what GNP ________？
课时作业(五) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Our parents do their best to make us develop both ________(身体地)and mentally.
2．Jack paid a ________(罚款)of 100 yuan for breaking the traffic rule.
3．He was attracted by a ________(有魔力的)performance of the ballet.
4．The company ________(登广告)for a new secretary.
5．Who is in ________(掌管)of your class?
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．A new manager will come to take ________ charge of this company，which was in ________ charge of Mr.Wang.
A．the；the B．/；/
C．the；/ D．/；the
2．If I find someone who looks like the suspect(嫌疑犯)，my ________ reaction will be to tell the police.
A．physical B．immediate
C．sensitive D．sudden
3．I'm calling to enquire(询问)about the position _______ in yesterday's China Daily.
A．advertised B．to be advertised
C．advertising D．having advertised
4．The whole morning ________ the windows and the floors tomorrow.
A．shall be spent to wash
B．is going to take to wash
C．will spend in washing
D．will be spent washing
5．If you go to see a 3D film，you ________ special glasses in the cinema.
A．will be offered B．were offered
C．offered D．will offer
6．(2015·杭州高一检测)In the near future，more measures ________ to prevent food pollution.
A．are making B．are taken
C．will be made D．will be taken
7．The car design problem ________ this afternoon.
A．will discuss
B．is going to be discussed
C．is going to discuss
D．has been discussing
8．If your order is ready，the T－shirt ________ to you as soon as possible.
A．has delivered B．is delivered
C．will deliver D．will be delivered
9．Mrs.Black took the police back to ________ place ________ she witnessed the robbery.
A．the same；that B．the same；as
C．the same；where D．as the same；as
10．The police ________ him 200 yuan for speeding.
A．punished B．fined
C．gave D．offered
Ⅲ.完形填空
Years ago，there was a very wealthy man who，with his devoted young son，shared a passion for art collecting.Together，they traveled around the world，adding only the __1__ art treasures to their collection.
One year，as winter approached，__2__ engulfed(吞没)the nation，and the young man left to __3__ his country.After only a few short weeks，his father received a telegram.His beloved son was __4__ in action.The art collector __5__ awaited more news，__6__ he would never see his son again.Within days，his fears were __7__．The young man had died while rushing a fellow soldier to a doctor.
Upset and __8__，the old man faced the coming Christmas holidays with sadness.On Christmas morning，a knock on the door awakened the __9__ old man.As he opened the door，he was greeted by a __10__ with a large package in his hands.
He introduced himself to the old man by saying，“I was a __11__ of your son.I was the one he was __12__ when he died.May I come in for a few moments？I have something to show you.”
As the two began to __13__，the soldier told of how the man's son had told everyone of his，not to mention his father's，__14__ of fine art.“I am no __15__，”said the soldier，“but I want to give you this.”
As the old man unwrapped the package，he saw a portrait(画像)of his son.Though the world would __16__ consider it the work of a genius，the painting featured the young man's face __17__ striking detail.
Overcome with emotion，the man __18__ the soldier.After the soldier left，the old man put the painting above the fireplace，pushing __19__ thousands of dollars'worth of art.His task completed，the old man sat in his chair and spent Christmas gazing at the __20__ he had been given.,
1.A.latest B．richest
C．finest D．cheapest
2．A.flood B．fire
C．storm D．war
3．A.save B．help
C．serve D．build
4．A.missing B．acting
C．fighting D．dying
5．A.calmly B．anxiously
C．quietly D．secretly
6．A.fearing B．doubting
C．wondering D．expecting
7．A.completed B．doubled
C．removed D．confirmed
8．A.nervous B．tired
C．lonely D．frightened
9．A.sad B．puzzled
C．angry D．worried
10．A.farmer B．soldier
C．painter D．seller
11．A.guard B．photographer
C．partner D．friend
12．A.rescuing B．carrying
C．guarding D．hiding
13．A.argue B．move
C．talk D．eat
14．A.description B．love
C．sense D．understanding
15．A.artist B．businessman
C．hero D．reporter
16．A.sometimes B．never
C．often D．still
17．A.for B．of
C．in D．on
18．A.thanked B．questioned
C．welcomed D．treated
19．A.down B．up
C．aside D．off
20．A.treasure B．gift
C．souvenir D．package
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Fishing
Fishing is a wonderful way to enjoy the sport and see beautiful streams，ocean，lakes and rivers all over the United States.National Parks offer both freshwater and saltwater fishing.Check with the state fishing rules for the dates and more fishing information，and you should have license.It is always important to respect the park you are fishing in to keep the clear waters that protect the natural fish populations and food sources.
Cross country skiing
It is another popular way for the whole family to visit and see beautiful winter landscapes.Many parks have several excellent lines for cross country skiing.Several National Parks will offer advanced trails for skiing.Cross country skiing is a wonderful way to experience natural life of the parks during the winter season.
Rock climbing
The US National Parks offer some of the rock climbing and mountaineering in the world.Rock climbing and mountaineering are usually sports kept for people with a bit of experience.Both sports need having the proper equipment and knowledge for safety reasons.Many National Parks offer established climbing routes that will have a wide range of difficulty levels.It is important to check weather conditions beforehand and what's more，never climb alone.
Cycling
Cycling is an excellent and convenient way to travel around the National Park or area where you are staying.Bringing along bicycles allows you to just get up and go wherever you are.It is important to check beforehand as to where cycling is allowed.Most National Parks only allow biking on the paved and backcountry dirt roads throughout the parks.Look into the area you will be camping in，there may be roads specifically for cycling.
1．If you go fishing in the National Parks you should ________．
A．show respect for the workers
B．fix a date and place ahead of time
C．do anything according to the orders
D．protect the number of the fish
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．You can go fishing any time as you like.
B．It is good to have some experience for climbing.
C．You can go anywhere by bike in the parks.
D．It is interesting to climb rocks by yourself.
3．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Which Is More Wonderful?
B．Activities in the National Parks
C．A Good Plan for Traveling
D．Where to Go for Your Vacation?
4．This passage is written mainly for ________．
A．sports players
B．those who love sports
C．fishers
D．mountain climbers
5．All the following are important to rock climbing EXCEPT ________．
A．knowledge for safety
B．weather conditions
C．climbing experience
D．modern equipment
课时作业(六) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's ________(愚蠢的)to believe what he said，as he is always telling lies.
2．No ________(辛劳)no gains.
3．That second－hand car is a real ________(便宜货)．
4．He ________(应该)to win the first prize.
5．He took part in the competition for the ________(荣誉)of his school.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．They sold their house for only 12，000 dollars，so the buyer got a wonderful ________．
A．cost B．bargain
C．amount D．value
2．Considering his contribution to our company，Mr.White ________ better treatment than this.
A．observes B．preserves
C．pretends D．deserves
3．It's surprising that your brother ________ Russian quickly—he hasn't lived there very long.
A．picked up B．looked up
C．put up D．made up
4．In 2014 the Chinese people were always in high spirits，for pieces of exciting news came to China ________．
A．step by step B．one by one
C．little by little D．one after another
5．________ being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
A．Apart from B．As good as
C．In addition D．As well
6．At first I thought I understood what my teacher said，but the more he explained，________．
A．the more I became confused
B．I became confused more
C．the more confused I became
D．the more confused did I become
7．He was ________ about surviving because the whole bridge fell and many cars and trucks fell down on his car.
A．hopeful B．disappointed
C．hopeless D．depressing
8．Canada is larger than ________ in Asia.
A．any country B．any other country
C．any others D．any country else
9．At the good news，Peter became so excited ________ he couldn't wait to tell his parents about it.
A．where B．that
C．why D．when
10．(2015·嘉兴高一检测)You ________ to leave until you ________ your work.
A．won't be allowed；have finished
B．won't allow；finish
C．won't be allowed；will finish
D．won't allow；will finish
Ⅲ.信息匹配
A．Arguments are pointless.
B．Your parents only want what's best for you.
C．Everyone's opinion matters only as much as you want them to.
D．You learn by doing.
E．Your emotions are under your control.
F．You aren't stuck in any situation.
Life is the greatest teacher
There always comes a moment when I wonder where I will end up and this moment always serves as a strong motivation for me to learn a life lesson.I've learned a great many things，but these are the lessons that I wish I'd learned earlier：
1．________
There was a time when everyone's opinion was mine as well.Whatever preferences I formerly held were dashed in the face of another's.This most likely came from a need to please others.Remember that your opinion matters just as much as the next guy's，whether they make more money than you or are less popular than you.Everyone's opinion holds the same weight.
2．________
Drama，chaos，and emotional unrest—these were what took up most of my time as a teenager.If I had heard someone said bad things behind my back，I'd be angry.Go crazy.Looking back on those tantrums(发怒)now，I'm not too surprised.After all，when you have little self control，anything is possible.The lesson here is，remain aware of how you react.
3．________
Will one small quarrel among friends decide the fate of the entire universe？In my world it felt like it.I just wanted so much to be right and for them so much to be wrong.But in the end，it only resulted in me wasting my time and in the other person storming off in frustration.Is there really a point to arguing？Unless it's absolutely necessary，I've learned that it's better to hold your breath on things you can't control at all.Arguing to change someone's mind is one of them.
4．________
I'm not saying every parent wants what's best for you(there are outliers)，but in general，parents do what they do for you in your best interest.My parents used to make me do the dishes，cook dinner，sweep the floors，mow the lawn，take out the garbage...the list goes on and on.And at every turn，I'd whine and complain.I'd eventually end up doing it.Now，I honestly see the value in having learned those skills.I can efficiently cook and clean up after myself.
5．________
Whenever I'd lose a friend，get an awful grade，or disappoint my parents，I stewed in my own muck.Waiting for the bad moments to go away seemed to be the only solution.Fortunately，I know now that you don't have to be stuck in bad situations.You can go out and create better ones.It all depends on perspective，on how you see the situation.Viewing everything as a learning experience makes life more pleasurable，even during the hard times.You aren't stuck.You can move on.
I'm glad to have learned these lessons the way I did.Each experience helped shape me to become a better person.I don't know if any young people are reading this，but if they are，I'd like to say this：“Listen to life and its experiences.Everyone goes through mostly the same things.”
Ⅳ.短文改错
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In my hometown there used to have a temple with a history of over eight hundreds years.It lies in a valley with green hills around it.It was such beautiful and famous that many tourists came to visit to it every day.They took photo；they wrote down their names on the walls；they brought foods，drinks and left rubbish everywhere.One day some tourists made a fire to cook food near the temple.Sudden，strong wind blew.The wooden temple was caught fire.Soon the whole temple was burned out but only a few walls remained.The beautiful temple disappeared.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．我们拒绝和他在价格上讨价还价。(bargain)
We refuse to ____________________________ the price.
2．她到法国居住后很快就学会了法语。(pick up)
She soon ________________________ when she went to live in France.
3．他做了如此多的好事应当受到表扬。(deserve)
He __________________________ for doing so many good deeds.
4．男孩们相继地跳进游泳池里。(one after another)
The boys jumped into the pool ________________．
5．你越锻炼，你就越强壮。(the more...，the more...)
The more exercise you take，__________________________________________________.
Unit 3 Computers
课时作业(七) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was fined the ________(金额)of 200.
2．A child's ________(智力)develops rapidly between the ages of four and five.
3．Music is the ________(通用的)language of human beings.
4．Scientists have ________(探索)the Arctic regions(北极地区)．
5．A lot of problems remain to be ________(解决)．
6．They have accepted my ________(申请)to join the club.
7．Try to ________(简化)your explanation to the students to help them understand better.
8．He set a ________(目标)for himself of exercising at least three times a week.
9．________(无论如何)，I must finish this job today.
10．You'd better ________(估算)how much time the assignment will take.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Milu deer，a species with large horns，which used to be ________ in China long ago，is a rare animal nowadays.
A．ordinary B．common
C．popular D．usual
2．Scientists have ________ that the world's population will double by the end of this century.
A．numbered B．calculated
C．included D．designed
3．They have learnt English ________．
A．from then on B．since then
C．from now on D．then since
4．________ production up by 50%，the factory has another wonderful year.
A．As B．For
C．With D．Through
5．Jenny nearly missed the flight ________ doing too much shopping.
A．as a result of B．on top of
C．in front of D．in need of
6．The Great Wall is ________ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A．so a well－known B．a so well－known
C．such well－known a D．such a well－known
7．Nowadays，college and high school students are getting a chance to learn what it takes to ________ in space.Some day you might get to design，build and launch your own satellite.
A．explode B．explain
C．explore D．express
8．I'm not sure whether I will have anything else to do this evening.________，I will try every possible means to come to your birthday party.
A．Even though B．If so
C．Anyhow D．Instead
9．—I will be on business for a week.Will you ________ my dog for me while I am away?
—With pleasure.
A．look at B．watch for
C．watch over D．look for
10．He gave ________ most of his money to the poor.
A．away B．in
C．out D．up
11．She looked confident during the competition，but ________ she was extremely nervous.
A．in trouble B．in danger
C．in reality D．in surprise
12．(2015·奉化高一检测)The student made it his life ________ to create his own big company.
A．goal B．result
C．direction D．destination
13．So many people around the world are learning or using English，so it is considered as a(n)________ language.
A．universal B．logical
C．artificial D．regular
14．The new technology，if ________ to farming，will help increase the grain output.
A．applying B．to apply
C．applied D．having applied
15．Martin Smith who，at 22，is one of the male nannies(保姆)admits that it will be some time ________ male nannies are totally accepted.
A．since B．until
C．before D．after
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet，but what is it，do you know？The Internet is a network.It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn't sound very interesting.But when you've joined to the Internet，there are lots and lots of things you can do.You can send e－mails to your friends，and they can get them in a few seconds.You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web(WWW)．
There are many different kinds of computers now.They all can be joined to the Internet.Most of them are small machines sitting on people's desks at home，but there are still many others in schools，offices or large companies.These computers are owned by people and companies，but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet.For example，your school may have the Internet.You can use it during lessons or free time.Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet.You are welcome to use it at only time.
Thanks to the Internet，the world is becoming smaller and smaller.It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front，getting and sending the information you need.You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet.But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English？So what will English be like tomorrow?
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Internet. B．Information.
C．Computers. D．E－mails.
2．Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?
A．By post. B．By e－mail.
C．By telephone. D．By satellite.
3．Who is the owner of the Internet?
A．The headmaster. B．The officer.
C．The user. D．No one.
4．What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A．English is important in using the Internet.
B．The Internet is more and more popular.
C．Most of the information is in English.
D．Other language is not important.
5．Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?
A．Office. B．School.
C．Home. D．Company.
B
Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet.If I ask you what the most important in your life is，maybe you will say“computers and the Internet”．
The first computer was made in 1946.It was very big but it worked very slowly.Today computers are getting smaller and smaller.But they work faster and faster.What can computers do？A writer has said，“People can't live without computers today.”
The Internet came a little later than computers.It is about twenty－five years later than computers.But now it can be found almost everywhere.We can use it to read books，write letters，go shopping，play games or make friends.
Many students like the Internet very much.They often go into the Internet as soon as they are free.They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends.They don't know their real names，ages，and even sex.They are so interested in making“unreal friends”that they can't put their heart into study.Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects because of that.
We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world.But at the same time，we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.
6．The Internet cannot be used for ________．
A．studying B．shopping
C．thinking D．playing
7．The Internet was born in about ________．
A．1960 B．1971
C．1980 D．1985
8．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Few students like going into the Internet.
B．Students use the Internet to make“unreal friends”．
C．These“unreal friends”always meet each other.
D．Students know the friends on the Internet very well.
9．What does the writer think of the Internet?
A．It is wonderful.
B．It can make students study harder.
C．It is not good for students.
D．It is helpful，but we can't do everything on it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。(result)
He made a big mistake，and ________________________，lost his job.
2．他从他叔叔那儿获得了一大笔钱。(sum)
He got ________________________________ money from his uncle.
3．随着时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎越来越差了。(as)
________ time ________________，my memory seems to get worse.
4．过了5小时后，饭才准备好。(before)
______________________________ the meal was prepared.
5．他坐在扶手椅里读报。(read)
He sat in the armchair，________ a newspaper.
课时作业(八) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We should watch out for the computer ________(病毒)．
2．When you ________(下载)something，you must be careful about viruses.
3．When the water pipe burst，she had the ________(智力)to turn off the water at the main.
4．He likes to use the Internet to communicate with computer ________(程序员)all over the world.
5．Her ________(假的)gaiety disguised an inner sadness.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ________ in his lectures.
A．interested B．interesting
C．interest D．to interest
2．Great changes ________ in the countryside，and a lot of new buildings ________．
A．have been taken place；have set up
B．have taken place；have been set up
C．have taken place；have built
D．were taken place；were built
3．Increasing pollution will of course not ________ the constant development of the world.
A．make up B．make for
C．make use of D．make out
4．Don't worry.My things can be easily ________ and it won't take long.We shall arrive on time.
A．come up B．added up
C．set down D．packed up
5．Mother often encourages me that there is nothing difficult in the world that I can ________．
A．give in B．give away
C．give in to D．give out
6．You can't predict everything.Often things don't ________ as you expect.
A．run out B．break out
C．work out D．put out
7．I'm quite curious why he has quitted basketball which he used to ________．
A．be crazy B．be crazy about
C．be crazy of D．crazy about
8．When you get the paper back，pay special attention to what ________．
A．have marked B．have been marked
C．had marked D．had been marked
9．The best way to prevent air pollution ________，but the sky is still not clear.
A．is used B．are used
C．has been used D．have been used
10．No permission ________ to anybody to enter the building.
A．have been given B．has given
C．gave D．has been given
Ⅲ.完形填空
Computer hackers(黑客)have now got their hands on mobile phones.
“A phone virus program can __1__ your phone do things you have no control over”，computer security experts __2__．It might __3__ the White House or the police，or forward your personal address book to a marketing company.Or it could simply eat into the phone's operating software，turning it __4__ and erasing your personal information.Similar viruses have already made mobile phone owners __5__ in Japan and Europe.
Mr.Hyppeuen，chief technical officer of a computer security in Finland，said a virus “can get your __6__ and send them elsewhere.And it can record your __7__．”Mobiles are now able to surf the Net，send e－mails and __8__ softwares，so they are an easy __9__ for the same hackers who have sent viruses to computers over the last decade.
“It's technically __10__ now，”said Stephen Trilling，director of research at anti－virus __11__ maker Symantec Corp based in the US.“If the phone is connected to the __12__，it can be used to transmit threats and __13__ targets，just as any computer can.”
In Japan，if you opened a certain e－mail message __14__ your mobile，it would cause the phone to repeatedly __15__ the national emergency number.So phone operators had to __16__ emergency calls until the bug was __17__．
In Europe，mobile's short message service，__18__ SMS，has been used to send codes that could damage phones.
Mobile users can __19__ viruses，of course，by sticking to their traditional phones __20__ Web links，some experts said.,
1.A.get B．force
C．make D．cause
2．A.speak B．talk
C．tell D．say
3．A.lead B．cause
C．control D．call
4．A.off B．out
C．down D．on
5．A.interested B．angry
C．excited D．terrified
6．A.messages B．passages
C．news D．information
7．A.voice B．passwords
C．music D．address
8．A.make B．destroy
C．download D．develop
9．A.job B．task
C．signal D．target
10．A.impossible B．possible
C．useful D．valuable
11．A.hardware B．software
C．computer D．equipment
12．A.computer B．television
C．Internet D．radio
13．A.strike B．visit
C．inquire D．attack
14．A.in B．by
C．on D．with
15．A.send B．dial
C．count D．press
16．A.cancel B．ban
C．stop D．prevent
17．A.removed B．cleaned
C．called D．moved
18．A.and B．nor
C．or D．but
19．A.stop B．avoid
C．kill D．find
20．A.beyond B．with
C．over D．without
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Quite simply，a domestic robot is a machine used for household work.There are only a few limited models so far，but scientists all over the country are expecting a robot revolution within the next couple of decades.In fact，in 2006，America's richest man Bill Gates wrote an article“A Robot in Every Home”，which discussed the great potential(潜力)for robots in every American home.
There are three types of domestic robots：low－level robots，care robots and the highest level robots.Low－level robots are basic machines designed for fun.There are several domestic robots in the market today，but most of them are not very advanced.However，there are three domestic robots that are useful when it comes to helping you with housework.
PatrolBot
Produced by MobileRobots Inc，the PatrolBot is a service robot.It can walk around like a security guard(保安)，or go to pre－programmed places using a map，which you can create using its computer system.It can act as a guard with its cameras and detection(侦查)abilities.It can carry up to 15 lbs of weight，which means you can have it carry things from point A to point B.
Roomba
The Roomba is a smart cleaner and is becoming popular in the US.More than 3 million units have been sold since it was introduced in 2002.You can program your Roomba to clean even when you're out.The robot can also move from one room to another after finishing cleaning one.
Scooba
While the Roomba cleans your floor，the Scooba washes it.Produced by iRobot，the Scooba is another robotic floor washer that uses a special cleaning solution that effectively cleans the floors and prevents rust.It leaves a totally clean and dry floor.
1．What's the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To introduce some robots for home use.
B．To teach us how to buy a cheap robot.
C．To tell us how to operate a robot.
D．To encourage us to buy a robot.
2．We can learn from the passage that ________．
A．Bill Gates is against the use of robots
B．people produce low－level robots mainly for fun
C．there are four types of domestic robots now
D．Scooba is produced by MobileRobots Inc.
3．Which of the following functions does PatrolBot NOT have?
A．Taking photos.
B．Carrying things.
C．Cleaning floors.
D．Walking here and there.
4．Which robot can help people wash and dry floors?
A．PatrolBot. B．Roomba.
C．Scooba. D．IRobot.
5．Which of the following statements is NOT true about Roomba?
A．It was introduced in 2002.
B．It has not been well－received in the US.
C．It can work when you are not at home.
D．It can move from one room to another.
课时作业(九) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He gave a ________(信号)to the driver to carry on.
2．His father is a baseball ________(教练)．
3．My father bought an ________(电子的)dictionary for me.
4．Generosity is part of the American ________(性格，特征)．
5．This is a new ________(类型)of machine，with lots of meters on it.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．The policeman ________ the children to cross the road when the traffic lights turned green.
A．let B．made
C．signaled D．called
2．(2015·宁波高一检测)________ I can see what you mean，even though I don't share your point of view.
A．In the way B．On the way
C．In no way D．In a way
3．Electronic devices such as iPods and headphones can do great harm to our hearing if ________ improperly.
A．being used B．used
C．to be used D．having been used
4．Don't worry！We are well prepared to deal with all of the problems that may ________．
A．rise B．arise
C．raise D．arouse
5．The day must have broken，________ birds are singing loudly.
A．for B．as
C．because D．now that
6．It is very generous of the old teacher to ________ his collection of stamps to the little boy.
A．give in B．give up
C．give away D．give out
7．Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health，it may also be good for ________ building.
A．respect B．friendship
C．reputation D．character
8．While watching television，________．
A．the doorbell rang
B．the doorbell rings
C．we heard the doorbell ring
D．we heard the doorbell rings
9．We are all curious about what the astronauts have to ________ when they try to drink water while standing on their heads.
A．do with B．deal with
C．treat about D．get rid of
10．—How about camping this weekend，just for a change?
—OK，________ you want.
A．whichever B．however
C．whatever D．whoever
Ⅲ.信息匹配
A．When did you realize you wanted to be a singer?
B．What do you think of the TV shows you did while in America?
C．What does your new single“Chasing pavements”actually mean?
D．What unique ways do you employ to write these“sad love songs”？
E．Has winning the award added to the pressure you are experiencing?
F．You studied at the Brit School.Why do you think it produced so many stars in recent years?
1．________
Yeah，I did“Letterman”and“The Today Show”．I have no idea what they were equal to because obviously we don't have them here.I like the two shows which are like“Imagine GMTV”but on a much bigger scale.It was live and there were about 50 million people watching，so I literally express myself！“Letterman”was pre－recorded so I wasn't quite nervous，but I forgot that during my performance.I got halfway through the song and couldn't remember whether it was live or not.
2．________
Obviously when I was little，but mainly from when I was 16 onwards.I first remember singing when I was really little，probably when I was about six.I did a Spice Girls tribute in my room for my family.And then I went to study at the Brit School，the performing arts school in Croydon.To be honest，I really enjoyed my time there，where I did actual lessons，but they didn't force anything onto you.They just aimed to help you develop.They nurtured you，you know.
3．________
I was thinking about this the other day，because，before this year，the Brit School didn't actually produce anyone.All this money was being pumped into it，and nobody was coming out of it and doing well，so I think they were getting a bit worried.I think the Brit School produced loads of great people that nobody knows yet，but off the back of Amy Winehouse，who earned six nominations，including Best New Artist，Record of the Year and Song of the Year for her hit“Rehab”and Album of the Year for“Back to Black”，it's been getting more support.Suddenly all these great girls came forward in this great outburst of talent—I think it's just luck and timing，to be honest.
4．________
In the past years I've tried to sit down and think“Right，this is what I'm going to write about”，but I can't because you can't force it.All my songs are a bit sad and full of drama because when I'm happy I haven't got time to write songs，you know.When I've had my heart broken，I end up feeling sorry for myself and writing songs.Therefore，there wasn't really a specific process to it.I just sort of happen to sit and wait patiently until I'm ready to write the record.I can't really plan it very well.If I try to plan，it never works out well.
5．________
It doesn't really make sense，does it？“Chasing Pavements” is about chasing a boy—even if you know something's going to go wrong，you really want it to go right，so you just don't give up.I can't write other people's drama，and I can't glamorize a microwave or anything like that，so I end up writing songs about things I've experienced.Then，I got a whole album's worth of songs out of them!
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
At present the computer is playing a important role in our daily life.By using the computer，we are able to learn about some other informations as well as news both home and abroad.We can also make phone calls，send messages by e－mail，go to net schools，but learn foreign languages by yourselves.Besides，it can make us to enjoy music，watch sports matches，and play chess or cards.The computer can even help us do some shopping online，have a chat and makes friends with strangers，who greatly improves our living level.In a word，since it appears，our life has become much easy than before.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．几天前的一系列车祸是由路上的冰引起的。
A series of car accidents ___________________________________________________
on the street the other day.(arise)
2．你出门时，有人在照看那个小孩子吗？
Is anyone ________________________________________________________
while you're out？(watch)
3．那个警察打手势让我继续向前开。
The policeman __________________ drive on.(signal)
4．在某种程度上，通过这样做你可以得到你想要的。
__________________________ what you want by doing this.(way)
5．你帮我打好了这些信件真是太好了。
It's so kind of you _________________________________________.(type)
Unit 4 Wildlife protection
课时作业(十) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He spent the whole day ________(打猎)deer.
2．The hall can ________(容纳)two hundred people.
3．We greatly ________(感激)your timely help.
4．News of their safety came as a great ________(安慰)．
5．He ________(成功)in getting a position at art school.
6．The factory ________(雇用)over 2，000 people.
7．I'll go with her to make sure she comes to no ________(伤害)．
8．A shark can smell blood at a ________(距离)of half a kilometer.
9．He can be easily ________(感动)by others'stories.
10．She asked where he had been，but he didn't ________(回答)．
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2015·杭州高一检测)It is ________ great relief to see that people in the border areas are living in ________ peace now.
A．/；the B．a；/
C．/；/ D．a；the
2．When he was asked about the question where he was last night，he was ________．
A．at loss B．in a loss
C．at a loss D．with losses
3．I like to li
Unit 1 Cultural relics
课时作业(一) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is the only one of the family who ________(幸存)the terrible earthquake.
2．Could you ________(移开)your suitcase from the hall?
3．Her new house is being ________(装饰)now.
4．He was asked to ________(设计)evening dress for many movie stars.
5．Last week，I bought an ancient Chinese ________(花瓶)，the price of which was very reasonable.
6．As the saying goes，virtue is a ________(珠宝)of great price.
7．The ________(艺术家)of the cartoon tries to let us keep in mind that we must keep on going and never give up.
8．A ________(群；组)of ten men were sent out to search for the missing child.
9．The young man ________(挑选)a shirt to match his trousers.
10．China，________(属于)to the third－world country，is developing rapidly.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句只改一个词)
1．China is a developing country belonged to the third world.
________________________________________________________________________
2．She has an amazed talent for music.
________________________________________________________________________
3．The film is worthy seeing.
________________________________________________________________________
4．He's given me so much help that I really want to do something for him in turn.
________________________________________________________________________
5．He prefers to live in a room decorating with diamond lights.
________________________________________________________________________
6．You'd better have that bad tooth pull out.
________________________________________________________________________
7．His name was moved from the list.
________________________________________________________________________
8．There is no doubt whether the Internet is very useful for people.
________________________________________________________________________
9．The book designing to help children read turns out a success.
________________________________________________________________________
10．He moved to the United States in search for a better life.
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.
It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing．Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an ever－lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.
By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans' need for wood，which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again.
In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under human care.The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1，1914.
1．In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons ________．
A．were the biggest bird in the world
B．lived mainly in the south of America
C．did great harm to the natural environment
D．were the largest bird population in the US
2．The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons'________．
A．escape B．ruin
C．liberation D．evolution
3．What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?
A．To seek pleasure. B．To save other birds.
C．To make money. D．To protect crops.
4．What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?
A．It was ignored by the public.
B．It was declared too late.
C．It was unfair.
D．It was strict.
B
The Leshan Giant Buddha is a statue of Maitreya(弥勒大佛)in sitting posture.The Buddha is located in Sichuan Province，facing Min River，Qingyi River，and Dadu River.In December，1996，the Buddha was included by UNESCO on the list of the World Heritage(世界遗产录)．
The statue was begun in the year 713 in the Tang Dynasty，and finished in the year 803.The Buddha is 71 meters high.The eight－meter－long instep(脚背)is big enough for one hundred people to sit on and the 28－meter－wide shoulder is large enough to be a basketball playground.
A monk called Hai Tong is connected with the Buddha forever.At that time，wild waters brought out many boat accidents and people just put the disaster down to the presence of a water spirit.So Hai Tong decided to make a statue beside the river thinking that the Buddha would bring the water spirit under control.After 20 years'begging from door to door，he finally collected enough money for the plan.When some local government officials tried to get this amount of money，Hai Tong said that they could get his eyeball but not the money raised for the Buddha.After he dug out his eyeball，these officials ran away scared.The project was half done when Hai Tong passed away，and two of his disciples(门徒)continued the work.After a total of 90 years'hard work，the project was finally completed.
Having such a long history，the Buddha was nearly destroyed by the wind and rain.The Chinese government began the repairing work in 1963 under the instruction of experts from UNESCO.
5．What's the main idea of this passage?
A．To explain the Leshan Giant Buddha briefly.
B．To tell us how the Leshan Giant Buddha was built.
C．To say where the Leshan Giant Buddha is.
D．To mention how the Leshan Giant Buddha came into the World Heritage.
6．How did Hai Tong get the money for the Buddha?
A．By calling for donation.
B．By working on the river.
C．By asking the government.
D．By selling his eyeball.
7．Hai Tong hoped to build the statue to ________．
A．make his temple more famous
B．show respect to the water spirit
C．protect the safety of the local people
D．get more people to believe in Buddhism
8．In this passage，Hai Tong can be best described as ________．
A．generous B．cruel
C．easy－going D．long－suffering
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我本可以遇见他，可惜我没去参加昨晚的聚会。(could have done)
I __________________ him，but I didn't attend the party last night.
2．他们在森林里寻找那个失踪的小男孩。(search)
They are __________ the woods __________ the missing boy.
3．感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？(return)
Can I buy you lunch ________________ your help?
4．你认为他们之间的战争持续了多长时间？(at war)
How long do you think they ______________？
5．毫无疑问，《阿凡达》是一部很好的电影。(doubt)
__________________ Avatar is a pretty good film.
课时作业(二) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The ________(当地的)economy is now in a mess.
2．It was the first time Jane and I had been ________(分别)for more than a few days.
3．We advanced towards the ________(城堡)．
4．After retirement he took up ________(绘画)．
5．I paid a visit to my ________(以前的)English teacher.
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Galileo Galilei was one of the world's greatest scientists.He was born in 1564 in Pisa，Italy.His father made him study medicine.Later，however，Galileo became so 1.________(interest)in mathematics and science 2.________ he gave up medicine to study the former two.
Later，Galileo carried out a famous experiment.From the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，he dropped two different 3.________(weigh)．Before that，everyone 4.________(believe)that heavy objects fell quickly and light ones fell 5.________.The two weights that Galileo dropped reached the ground at the same time.He tried the experiment again and again.Every time he got the same results.At last，he decided that he had found the truth about 6.________(fall)objects.
Galileo heard that someone in Holland had invented an instrument which made small objects seem 7.________(big)．He worked hard to develop this idea of the telescope.He could then use 8.________ telescope to study the stars.He found that the sun was the center of the solar system.He collected facts that proved the earth and all the other planets move 9.________ the sun.
Today we praise Galileo and call 10.________ one of the founders of modern science.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Do you know __1__ languages there are in the world？There are about 1，500, but many of them are not very __2__.English is one of the most important languages because many people __3__it，not only in England and America，__4__in other countries of the world.About 200，000，000 speak it __5__their own language，and another 200，000，000 use it as __6__language.It is __7__to say how many people are learning it.__8__boys and girls in school are trying to do so.
Many English children study French.French is also a very important language.__9__children study German，Russian，Japanese and Chinese.Which is the best __10__to learn a language？We know that we all learnt __11__language well when we were __12__．If we learn a second language in the __13__ way，it won't seem so difficult.What does a small child do？It __14__ what people say，and it tries to guess what it hears.When it wants something，it has to __15__ it.It is using the language，__16__ in it and talking in it all the time.If people use a second language __17__，they will learn it __18__．
In school，you learn to read，to hear and to speak.It is best to learn all new words through the __19__．You can read them，spell them and __20__ them.,
1.A.how many B．what number
C．a lot of D．so many
2．A.useful B．necessary
C．important D．good
3．A.like B．use
C．learn D．speak
4．A.but B．and
C．also D．so
5．A.like B．with
C．for D．as
6．A.foreign B．a second
C．the second D．a special
7．A.easy B．again
C．difficult D．best
8．A.Millions of B．Million of
C．Millions D．Several million
9．A.Some B．Other
C．All D．Few
10．A.time B．way
C．thing D．place
11．A.a foreign B．our mother's
C．other's D．our own
12．A.born B．children
C．grown D．boys
13．A.same B．different
C．useful D．good
14．A.does B．says
C．listens to D．follows
15．A.ask B．want
C．get D．ask for
16．A.speaking B．writing
C．thinking D．doing
17．A.some time B．sometimes
C．all the time D．for the time
18．A.quickly B．soon
C．freely D．easily
19．A.mouth B．hands
C．ears D．mind
20．A.speak B．use
C．love D．write
Ⅳ.阅读理解
The Palace Museum，known as the Forbidden City，was the imperial(帝王的)palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In the early 15th century，large－size construction caused 100，000 common people to lead a hard life.The construction took 14 years and was finished in 1420.In the following year，the capital of Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing.Twenty－four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled from the Forbidden City.The last dynasty fell in 1911，but Emperor Puyi still lived in the inner court.It was not until 1925 that the complex buildings were changed into a museum.Since then，the Palace has been opened to the public.
The Palace Museum is rectangular(长方形的)in shape，about 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from west to east.There is a 10－meter－high wall，encircled by a 52－meter－wide moat(护城河)．In the Ming Dynasty，the wood needed for the building was brought mostly from Sichuan Province and Hunan Province，while in the Qing Dynasty，it was cut from the northeast of China.Most of the stones were mined from the suburban(郊外的)district of Fangshan and other districts.Construction of the Forbidden City brought huge hardship to the laboring people.
The Palace is the largest piece of ancient Chinese architecture(建筑)still standing.Some of the buildings were damaged by lightning and rebuilt in the Ming and
Qing Dynasties.The palace has been expanded several times，but the original design was preserved.After liberation，some costly renovations(翻新)were done and the Palace Museum is listed as one of the important historical sites under special preservation by the Chinese government.
1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．The origin of the name “the Forbidden City”．
B．The Forbidden City and the emperors.
C．The open to the public of the Forbidden City.
D．The period of the construction of the Forbidden City.
2．The Forbidden City is also called ________．
A．the History Museum B．the People's Site
C．the Palace Museum D．the Summer Palace
3．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．The emperors' cruelty brought the Forbidden City into the world.
B．The processing of constructing the Forbidden City needed wood and stones from all over the country.
C．The Forbidden City is the largest piece of Chinese architecture still standing.
D．The Forbidden City is about 720，000 square meters.
4．This passage most probably comes from a book on ________．
A．customs and habits
B．dynasties and emperors
C．history and emperors
D．architecture and history
课时作业(三) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Finally the broken ship ________(沉没)to the bottom of the sea before help came.
2．When the first atomic bomb ________(爆炸)，the whole world was shocked.
3．Due to the lack of ________(证据)，the police had to release the three suspects.
4．Some of the words can be used in daily life ________(非正式地)．
5．After a long ________(辩论)，they finally reached an agreement.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
More than 10 million Chinese cultural relics have been lost overseas，most of which were stolen and illegally shipped out of China during the times of war before 1949.About 1.67 million pieces are housed in more than 200 museums in 47 countries，which accounts for 10 percent of all lost Chinese cultural relics，and the rest are in the hands of private collectors.
Most of these treasures are owned by museums or private collectors in the United States，Europe，Japan and Southeast Asian countries.There are more than 23，000 pieces in the British Museum，most of which were stolen or bought for pennies more than 100 years ago.
The major method to recover these national treasures was to buy them back.In some cases，private collectors donated the relics to the government.Also the government can turn to official channels(渠道)to demand the return of relics.
In 2003，a priceless bronze pig's head dating from the Qing Dynasty was returned to its home in Beijing after it was removed by the Anglo－French Allied Army over 140 years ago.Macao entrepreneur(企业家)Stanley Ho donated 6 million yuan to buy it back from a US art collector and then donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
Although buying－back is the most feasible way to recover the lost treasures，limited funding is always a big headache.
In recent years，the Chinese government has improved efforts to recover the precious cultural relics lost overseas.It has started a national project on the recovery of the treasures and has set up a database(数据库)collecting relevant information.It has signed several international agreements with many countries on this matter，and is also looking for international cooperation to recover the relics by working closely with several international organizations.
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to recover cultural relics.
B．The efforts to recover Chinese cultural relics.
C．Stanley Ho donated a bronze pig's head to Beijing.
D．Chinese cultural relics were stolen by the Anglo－French Allied Army.
2．Which of the following statements about the bronze pig's head is NOT true?
A．It was made in the Qing Dynasty.
B．It is now in the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
C．It was donated by the French government to China.
D．It was removed by the Anglo－French Allied Army over 140 years ago.
3．We can infer from the passage that ________．
A．China has enough money to buy all the cultural relics back
B．the Chinese government has done a lot to recover the lost cultural relics
C．many countries have returned the lost cultural relics to China for free
D．China is preparing to set up a database to collect information about the lost cultural relics
4．The underlined word“feasible”in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．
A．possible B．difficult
C．popular D．careful
Ⅲ.阅读填句
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you really happy？Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness？1.________
*Make a plan for attaining goals that will make you happy.Your happiness is likely to increase if you achieve the goals you set.
*Make friends with happy people.It is easy to begin to feel down when you are surrounded by people who always feel upset.2.________
*Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.3.________
*4.________Whether you treat yourself to lunch，take a long，relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance，you will be unconsciously feeling better.
*Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness.Find a way to make light of a situation，which will make you happy.
*5.________Being overweight or not eating healthy foods can have a bad effect on your mood.
A．Everyone has different requirement for happiness.What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.
B．However，if you are around people who are happy，you will be happy too.
C．Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness.
D．The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
E．These several minutes will give you the chance to think about the happy things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
F．Different people have different opinions about happiness.
G．It's also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The world is not only hungry，but also thirst.This may sounds strange，since nearly seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered with water.But about ninety percent of this is sea water.Man and most of the animals can only drink and use the remained ten percent of water—fresh water.The need for water is increased day by day.Only when steps are taken to deal with this problem immediate can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on.One of the first steps are to develop ways to reuse them.Experiments have already carried out in this field.The used water has been pumped into a water purifying plant that it can be separated from waste matters and treated with chemicals so that it can be reused again.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．很明显这计划是行不通的。(evidence)
________________ the plan is impracticable.
2．在最近几年里这个城市的人口急剧增加。(explode)
The city's population ______________ in the last few years.
3．船开始下沉时，我们发出闪光信号以唤起人们注意。(sink)
As our ship ____________________，we sent out flares to attract attention.
4．我离开时，那些人仍在辩论。(debate)
When I left，the men ______________________．
5．他在整个地区所受的评价很高。(think highly of)
He ______________________ all over the district.
Unit 2 The Olympic Games
课时作业(四) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This is a stone bridge built in ________(古代的)times.
2．We can ________(竞争)with the best teams.
3．She was awarded a ________(奖章)for bravery.
4．This stone seems to have ________(有魔力的)powers.
5．There will be lots of ________(志愿的)helpers and guides.
6．He works hard and keeps ________(有规律的)hours.
7．I'd like my son to be ________(接纳)to your school.
8．He has no sense of ________(责任)．
9．Nothing can ________(代替)a mother's love.
10．I noticed a ________(快速的)change of expression on his face.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句只改一个词)
1．When we were in middle school，we went home each four weeks.
__________________________________________________________________
2．Young children will usually compete in their mother's attention.
__________________________________________________________________
3．A car's tyres should be checked regular to ensure their safety.
__________________________________________________________________
4．His mother was ill.That's because he was late for school.
__________________________________________________________________
5．The boss seems not satisfied with that we have done.
__________________________________________________________________
6．It's us who are to blame for the accident.
__________________________________________________________________
7．Not only the students but also the teacher were against the plan.
__________________________________________________________________
8．You sing as good as you did ten years ago.
__________________________________________________________________
9．The man admitted steal the car.
__________________________________________________________________
10．When I watched the game，he encouraged me to take part in.
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.There were nine sports：cycling，tennis，gymnastics，swimming，track and field，weightlifting，rowing，wrestling and shooting.Sailing was also to have taken place，but had to be cancelled because of bad weather at sea.
In the first Olympics there were no real team sports.Then，slowly，a few team sports joined the program.Football and hockey were the first team sports introduced into the Olympics in London in 1908.Then in 1936，at the Berlin Olympics，the Germans brought in handball and the Americans had basketball accepted as an Olympic sport.
It often happens that the country that introduces a new sport into the Olympics then goes on to win the gold medals.In 1904，at the Olympics in St.Louis，the Americans introduced boxing and won all seven events.Five horse riding events were introduced into the 1912 Stockholm(斯德哥尔摩)Olympics，and Swedish riders won four of them.And in 1964，at the Tokyo Olympics，two sports which are very popular in Japan were introduced：judo and volleyball.The Japanese won all three gold medals in the judo，and also won the first women's volleyball competition.Some new sports have recently been added to the Olympics.In Los Angeles，in 1984，baseball was introduced and became an Olympic sport.In Seoul(汉城)，Korea in 1988，table tennis was introduced for the first time，and tennis returned as an Olympic sport.Unlike tennis，some sports，such as golf and rugby(橄榄球)，have been tried in the Olympics but have never returned.
1．The text is mainly about ________．
A．the ancient Olympic Games
B．the Olympic sports
C．the ancient and modern Olympic Games
D．how many events are in the Olympic Games
2．Football was first introduced into the Olympics in ________．
A．1908，in London B．1936，in Berlin
C．1904，in St.Louis D．1988，in Seoul
3．Which of the following sports is NOT a team sport?
A．Basketball. B．Football.
C．Judo. D．Baseball.
4．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens.
B．At the time when the first modern Olympic Games were held，there were not so many sports as there are today.
C．The Olympic Games are held every four years.
D．The country which introduces a new sport into the Olympics usually cannot get the gold medal for that event.
B
Camp memories last forever！We make sure they are unforgettable!
Shadow Ridge Summer Camps offer so many exciting things for campers to do.Unlike other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program，at Shadow Ridge horses are the program！We are 100% horse from stable(马厩)management，nature walks，and track rides to bedroom furnishings.
Horses help us achieve many of our aims.Girls can learn to develop responsibility，self－confidence and personal connections in their lives while having fun.Using horses as a wonderful tool for education，our camps offer an interesting place for growth and learning.
Imagine each girl having her very own horse to spend time with and a best friend to love and take care of.Each camper is responsible for a horse for the week.Our riding program provides a lot of riding and lesson time.Campers will learn how to take care of the horse and the tack(马具)，as well as how to ride.Days are filled with horse－related activities to strengthen the connection between each girl and horse，as the girls learn to work safely around the horses.
At Shadow Ridge we try to create a loving，caring family atmosphere for our campers.We have“The Bunkhouse”(4 girls)，“the Wranglers Roost”(4 girls)，and“The Hideout”(2 girls)in our comfortable 177－year－old farm house.All meals are home－cooked，offering delicious and healthy food for the hungry rider.Our
excellent activities create personalized memories of your child's vacation.Each child will receive a camp T－shirt and a photo album(usually 300－500 pictures)of their stay at camp.
Our camps are offered during June，July and August，for small groups of girls aged 13—16 years，not only from Canada but also other parts of the world.
We will send you full program descriptions at your request.
5．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To attract people to the camps.
B．To talk about camping experiences.
C．To describe the programs of the camps.
D．To explain the aims of the camps.
6．What do we know about the camp programs at Shadow Ridge?
A．Campers are required to wear camp T－shirts.
B．Horses play a central role in the activities.
C．Campers learn to cook food for themselves.
D．Horse lessons are offered all the year round.
7．The programs at Shadow Ridge mainly aim to help people ________．
A．understand horses better
B．enjoy a family atmosphere
C．have fun above other things
D．achieve an educational purpose
8．The passage is written mainly for ________．
A．horse riders
B．teenage girls
C．parents
D．international travelers
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．这个姑娘每三周去看望父母一次。(every)
The girl goes to see her parents ________________．
2．她是在南非结识了她的男朋友。(It's...that)
____________ in South Africa ______ she met her boyfriend.
3．他女儿被一所名校录取，这使得全家人都很兴奋。(admit)
His daughter __________________ a famous university，which made the whole family excited.
4．他们不打算参加这次运动会。(take part in)
They planned not to __________________ the sports meeting.
5．你知道GNP代表着什么吗？(stand)
Do you know what GNP ________？
课时作业(五) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Our parents do their best to make us develop both ________(身体地)and mentally.
2．Jack paid a ________(罚款)of 100 yuan for breaking the traffic rule.
3．He was attracted by a ________(有魔力的)performance of the ballet.
4．The company ________(登广告)for a new secretary.
5．Who is in ________(掌管)of your class?
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Were you the first or the last child in your family？Or were you a middle or an only child？Some people think 1.________ matters where you were born in your family.But there are different ideas about what birth order means.Some people say that oldest children，2.________ are smart and strong－willed，are very likely 3.________(succeed)．The reason 4.________ this is simple.Parents have a lot of time for their first child and give him or her a lot of attention.An only child will succeed for 5.________ same reason.What happens to the 6.________ children in the family？Middle children don't get so much attention，so they don't feel that important.If a family has many children，the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd.The youngest child，7.________，often gets special treatment.Often this child grows up to be funny.But a recent study saw things quite 8.________(difference)．The study found that first children believed in family rules.They didn't take many chances in 9.________ lives.They usually 10.________(follow)orders.Rules didn't mean as much to later children in the family.They took chances and they often did better in life.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Years ago，there was a very wealthy man who，with his devoted young son，shared a passion for art collecting.Together，they traveled around the world，adding only the __1__ art treasures to their collection.
One year，as winter approached，__2__ engulfed(吞没)the nation，and the young man left to __3__ his country.After only a few short weeks，his father received a telegram.His beloved son was __4__ in action.The art collector __5__ awaited more news，__6__ he would never see his son again.Within days，his fears were __7__．The young man had died while rushing a fellow soldier to a doctor.
Upset and __8__，the old man faced the coming Christmas holidays with sadness.On Christmas morning，a knock on the door awakened the __9__ old man.As he opened the door，he was greeted by a __10__ with a large package in his hands.
He introduced himself to the old man by saying，“I was a __11__ of your son.I was the one he was __12__ when he died.May I come in for a few moments？I have something to show you.”
As the two began to __13__，the soldier told of how the man's son had told everyone of his，not to mention his father's，__14__ of fine art.“I am no __15__，”said the soldier，“but I want to give you this.”
As the old man unwrapped the package，he saw a portrait(画像)of his son.Though the world would __16__ consider it the work of a genius，the painting featured the young man's face __17__ striking detail.
Overcome with emotion，the man __18__ the soldier.After the soldier left，the old man put the painting above the fireplace，pushing __19__ thousands of dollars'worth of art.His task completed，the old man sat in his chair and spent Christmas gazing at the __20__ he had been given.,
1.A.latest B．richest
C．finest D．cheapest
2．A.flood B．fire
C．storm D．war
3．A.save B．help
C．serve D．build
4．A.missing B．acting
C．fighting D．dying
5．A.calmly B．anxiously
C．quietly D．secretly
6．A.fearing B．doubting
C．wondering D．expecting
7．A.completed B．doubled
C．removed D．confirmed
8．A.nervous B．tired
C．lonely D．frightened
9．A.sad B．puzzled
C．angry D．worried
10．A.farmer B．soldier
C．painter D．seller
11．A.guard B．photographer
C．partner D．friend
12．A.rescuing B．carrying
C．guarding D．hiding
13．A.argue B．move
C．talk D．eat
14．A.description B．love
C．sense D．understanding
15．A.artist B．businessman
C．hero D．reporter
16．A.sometimes B．never
C．often D．still
17．A.for B．of
C．in D．on
18．A.thanked B．questioned
C．welcomed D．treated
19．A.down B．up
C．aside D．off
20．A.treasure B．gift
C．souvenir D．package
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Fishing
Fishing is a wonderful way to enjoy the sport and see beautiful streams，ocean，lakes and rivers all over the United States.National Parks offer both freshwater and saltwater fishing.Check with the state fishing rules for the dates and more fishing information，and you should have license.It is always important to respect the park you are fishing in to keep the clear waters that protect the natural fish populations and food sources.
Cross country skiing
It is another popular way for the whole family to visit and see beautiful winter landscapes.Many parks have several excellent lines for cross country skiing.Several National Parks will offer advanced trails for skiing.Cross country skiing is a wonderful way to experience natural life of the parks during the winter season.
Rock climbing
The US National Parks offer some of the rock climbing and mountaineering in the world.Rock climbing and mountaineering are usually sports kept for people with a bit of experience.Both sports need having the proper equipment and knowledge for safety reasons.Many National Parks offer established climbing routes that will have a wide range of difficulty levels.It is important to check weather conditions beforehand and what's more，never climb alone.
Cycling
Cycling is an excellent and convenient way to travel around the National Park or area where you are staying.Bringing along bicycles allows you to just get up and go wherever you are.It is important to check beforehand as to where cycling is allowed.Most National Parks only allow biking on the paved and backcountry dirt roads throughout the parks.Look into the area you will be camping in，there may be roads specifically for cycling.
1．If you go fishing in the National Parks you should ________．
A．show respect for the workers
B．fix a date and place ahead of time
C．do anything according to the orders
D．protect the number of the fish
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．You can go fishing any time as you like.
B．It is good to have some experience for climbing.
C．You can go anywhere by bike in the parks.
D．It is interesting to climb rocks by yourself.
3．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Which Is More Wonderful?
B．Activities in the National Parks
C．A Good Plan for Traveling
D．Where to Go for Your Vacation?
4．This passage is written mainly for ________．
A．sports players
B．those who love sports
C．fishers
D．mountain climbers
课时作业(六) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's ________(愚蠢的)to believe what he said，as he is always telling lies.
2．No ________(辛劳)no gains.
3．That second－hand car is a real ________(便宜货)．
4．He ________(应该)to win the first prize.
5．He took part in the competition for the ________(荣誉)of his school.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
For thousands of years，man has enjoyed the taste of apples.Apples，which are about 85 percent of water，grow almost everywhere in the world but the hottest and coldest areas.Among the leading countries in apple production are China，France and the United States.
There are various kinds of apples.But a very few make up the majority of those grown for sale.The three most common kinds grown in the United States are Delicious，Golden Delicious，and McIntosh.
Apples are different in colour，size and taste.The colour of the skin may be red，green，or yellow.They have various sizes，with Delicious apples being among the largest.The taste may be sweet or tart.Generally，sweet apples are eaten fresh while tart apples are used to make apple sauce.
Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve metres.They do best in areas that have very cold winters.Although no fruit is yielded during the winter，this cold period is good for the tree.
1．It can be learned from the text that Delicious apples are ________．
A．grown in France B．sold everywhere
C．very big D．quite sweet
2．Cold winter weather is good for ________．
A．the growth of apple trees
B．producing large apples
C．improving the taste of apples
D．the increase of water in apples
3．China，France and the United States are considered to ________．
A．be large producers of apples
B．be large producers of apple sauce
C．have the longest history in apple production
D．have the coldest winter among apple－producing countries
4．The underlined word“yielded”in the last sentence means“________”．
A．improved B．increased
C．produced D．sold
Ⅲ.阅读填句
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up，my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house.1.________ Through the talks I learned lessons from his experiences.He always told me，“You should have goals like climbing the mountain.”My father was very busy.2.________ I really got a lot from mountain－climbing.It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience.
Once we climbed a very high mountain.It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old.3.________ However，as time passed，I got a pain in both of my legs.I wanted to give up climbing.In fact，I hated it at that mountain，but my father said to me，“4.________ You can't see it before you reach the top.Only there at the top can you see all of the nice things，just like in life.”5.________ But later after that，I got new hope and became sure of myself.I found myself standing at the top of the sky，which was as clear as crystal(水晶)．
A．You must have a dream and try hard to realize it.
B．At that time，I was too young to understand his words.
C．Walking together，my father and I used to have a lot of talks.
D．I sat down on a rock and had a good rest to relax myself.
E．You can see a more beautiful sky at the top of the mountain.
F．During the first few hours of climbing，I enjoyed the flowers and trees，and the birds'singing.
G．Without the mountain－climbing that we both enjoyed，we couldn't have enough time to spend together.
Ⅳ.短文改错
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In my hometown there used to have a temple with a history of over eight hundreds years.It lies in a valley with green hills around it.It was such beautiful and famous that many tourists came to visit to it every day.They took photo；they wrote down their names on the walls；they brought foods，drinks and left rubbish everywhere.One day some tourists made a fire to cook food near the temple.Sudden，strong wind blew.The wooden temple was caught fire.Soon the whole temple was burned out but only a few walls remained.The beautiful temple disappeared.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．我们拒绝和他在价格上讨价还价。(bargain)
We refuse to ____________________________ the price.
2．她到法国居住后很快就学会了法语。(pick up)
She soon ________________________ when she went to live in France.
3．他做了如此多的好事应当受到表扬。(deserve)
He __________________________ for doing so many good deeds.
4．男孩们相继地跳进游泳池里。(one after another)
The boys jumped into the pool ________________．
5．你越锻炼，你就越强壮。(the more...，the more...)
The more exercise you take，_________________________________________.
Unit 3 Computers
课时作业(七) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was fined the ________(金额)of 200.
2．A child's ________(智力)develops rapidly between the ages of four and five.
3．Music is the ________(通用的)language of human beings.
4．Scientists have ________(探索)the Arctic regions(北极地区)．
5．A lot of problems remain to be ________(解决)．
6．They have accepted my ________(申请)to join the club.
7．Try to ________(简化)your explanation to the students to help them understand better.
8．He set a ________(目标)for himself of exercising at least three times a week.
9．________(无论如何)，I must finish this job today.
10．You'd better ________(估算)how much time the assignment will take.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．We are friends though we have little in common with.
__________________________________________________________________
2．It is hard for such a little boy to answer this problem.
__________________________________________________________________
3．With time went by，I forgot many things of childhood.
__________________________________________________________________
4．Write down what the teacher says in class since you forget it.
__________________________________________________________________
5．If we absorb ourselves to the task，we will find it is no more difficult.
__________________________________________________________________
6．Personal，I prefer winter.
__________________________________________________________________
7．They have such much money that they don't know what to do with it.
__________________________________________________________________
8．The greenhouse effect can result from an increase in the surface temperature of a planet.
__________________________________________________________________
9．The loss has not yet been figured accurately，but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
__________________________________________________________________
10．Somehow，we must finish the work today.
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet，but what is it，do you know？The Internet is a network.It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn't sound very interesting.But when you've joined to the Internet，there are lots and lots of things you can do.You can send e－mails to your friends，and they can get them in a few seconds.You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web(WWW)．
There are many different kinds of computers now.They all can be joined to the Internet.Most of them are small machines sitting on people's desks at home，but there are still many others in schools，offices or large companies.These computers are owned by people and companies，but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet.For example，your school may have the Internet.You can use it during lessons or free time.Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet.You are welcome to use it at only time.
Thanks to the Internet，the world is becoming smaller and smaller.It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front，getting and sending the information you need.You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet.But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English？So what will English be like tomorrow?
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Internet. B．Information.
C．Computers. D．E－mails.
2．Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?
A．By post. B．By e－mail.
C．By telephone. D．By satellite.
3．Who is the owner of the Internet?
A．The headmaster. B．The officer.
C．The user. D．No one.
4．What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A．English is important in using the Internet.
B．The Internet is more and more popular.
C．Most of the information is in English.
D．Other language is not important.
B
Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet.If I ask you what the most important in your life is，maybe you will say“computers and the Internet”．
The first computer was made in 1946.It was very big but it worked very slowly.Today computers are getting smaller and smaller.But they work faster and faster.What can computers do？A writer has said，“People can't live without computers today.”
The Internet came a little later than computers.It is about twenty－five years later than computers.But now it can be found almost everywhere.We can use it to read books，write letters，go shopping，play games or make friends.
Many students like the Internet very much.They often go into the Internet as soon as they are free.They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends.They don't know their real names，ages，and even sex.They are so interested in making“unreal friends”that they can't put their heart into study.Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects because of that.
We can use computers and the Internet to learn
more about the world.But at the same time，we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.
5．The Internet cannot be used for ________．
A．studying B．shopping
C．thinking D．playing
6．The Internet was born in about ________．
A．1960 B．1971
C．1980 D．1985
7．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Few students like going into the Internet.
B．Students use the Internet to make“unreal friends”．
C．These“unreal friends”always meet each other.
D．Students know the friends on the Internet very well.
8．What does the writer think of the Internet?
A．It is wonderful.
B．It can make students study harder.
C．It is not good for students.
D．It is helpful，but we can't do everything on it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。(result)
He made a big mistake，and ________________________，lost his job.
2．他从他叔叔那儿获得了一大笔钱。(sum)
He got ________________________________ money from his uncle.
3．随着时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎越来越差了。(as)
________ time ________________，my memory seems to get worse.
4．过了5小时后，饭才准备好。(before)
______________________________ the meal was prepared.
5．他坐在扶手椅里读报。(read)
He sat in the armchair，________ a newspaper.
课时作业(八) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We should watch out for the computer ________(病毒)．
2．When you ________(下载)something，you must be careful about viruses.
3．When the water pipe burst，she had the ________(智力)to turn off the water at the main.
4．He likes to use the Internet to communicate with computer ________(程序员)all over the world.
5．Her ________(假的)gaiety disguised an inner sadness.
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
School education is very important and useful.Yet no one can learn everything from school.A teacher，no 1.________ how much he knows，can't teach his students everything they want 2.________(know)．The teacher's job is to show his students 3. ________ to learn.He 4.________ (teach)them how to read and think.So much more is to be learned outside school by the students 5.________(they)．It is always more important to know how to study by oneself 6.________ to learn some facts by heart.Great scientists，such as Einstein，Newton and Galileo，didn't get everything from school.7.________ they were all so 8.________(succeed)．They worked hard all their lives，9._______(waste)not a single moment.They would ask as many questions as they read and they did thousands of 10.________(experiment)．
Ⅲ.完形填空
Computer hackers(黑客)have now got their hands on mobile phones.
“A phone virus program can __1__ your phone do things you have no control over”，computer security experts __2__．It might __3__ the White House or the police，or forward your personal address book to a marketing company.Or it could simply eat into the phone's operating software，turning it __4__ and erasing your personal information.Similar viruses have already made mobile phone owners __5__ in Japan and Europe.
Mr.Hyppeuen，chief technical officer of a computer security in Finland，said a virus “can get your __6__ and send them elsewhere.And it can record your __7__．”Mobiles are now able to surf the Net，send e－mails and __8__ softwares，so they are an easy __9__ for the same hackers who have sent viruses to computers over the last decade.
“It's technically __10__ now，”said Stephen Trilling，director of research at anti－virus __11__ maker Symantec Corp based in the US.“If the phone is connected to the __12__，it can be used to transmit threats and __13__ targets，just as any computer can.”
In Japan，if you opened a certain e－mail message __14__ your mobile，it would cause the phone to repeatedly __15__ the national emergency number.So phone operators had to __16__ emergency calls until the bug was __17__．
In Europe，mobile's short message service，__18__ SMS，has been used to send codes that could damage phones.
Mobile users can __19__ viruses，of course，by sticking to their traditional phones __20__ Web links，some experts said.,
1.A.get B．force
C．make D．cause
2．A.speak B．talk
C．tell D．say
3．A.lead B．cause
C．control D．call
4．A.off B．out
C．down D．on
5．A.interested B．angry
C．excited D．terrified
6．A.messages B．passages
C．news D．information
7．A.voice B．passwords
C．music D．address
8．A.make B．destroy
C．download D．develop
9．A.job B．task
C．signal D．target
10．A.impossible B．possible
C．useful D．valuable
11．A.hardware B．software
C．computer D．equipment
12．A.computer B．television
C．Internet D．radio
13．A.strike B．visit
C．inquire D．attack
14．A.in B．by
C．on D．with
15．A.send B．dial
C．count D．press
16．A.cancel B．ban
C．stop D．prevent
17．A.removed B．cleaned
C．called D．moved
18．A.and B．nor
C．or D．but
19．A.stop B．avoid
C．kill D．find
20．A.beyond B．with
C．over D．without
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Quite simply，a domestic robot is a machine used for household work.There are only a few limited models so far，but scientists all over the country are expecting a robot revolution within the next couple of decades.In fact，in 2006，America's richest man Bill Gates wrote an article“A Robot in Every Home”，which discussed the great potential(潜力)for robots in every American home.
There are three types of domestic robots：low－level robots，care robots and the highest level robots.Low－level robots are basic machines designed for fun.There are several domestic robots in the market today，but most of them are not very advanced.However，there are three domestic robots that are useful when it comes to helping you with housework.
PatrolBot
Produced by MobileRobots Inc，the PatrolBot is a service robot.It can walk around like a security guard(保安)，or go to pre－programmed places using a map，which you can create using its computer system.It can act as a guard with its cameras and detection(侦查)abilities.It can carry up to 15 lbs of weight，which means you can have it carry things from point A to point B.
Roomba
The Roomba is a smart cleaner and is becoming popular in the US.More than 3 million units have been sold since it was introduced in 2002.You can program your Roomba to clean even when you're out.The robot can also move from one room to another after finishing cleaning one.
Scooba
While the Roomba cleans your floor，the Scooba washes it.Produced by iRobot，the Scooba is another robotic floor washer that uses a special cleaning solution that effectively cleans the floors and prevents rust.It leaves a totally clean and dry floor.
1．What's the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To introduce some robots for home use.
B．To teach us how to buy a cheap robot.
C．To tell us how to operate a robot.
D．To encourage us to buy a robot.
2．We can learn from the passage that ________．
A．Bill Gates is against the use of robots
B．people produce low－level robots mainly for fun
C．there are four types of domestic robots now
D．Scooba is produced by MobileRobots Inc.
3．Which of the following functions does PatrolBot NOT have?
A．Taking photos.
B．Carrying things.
C．Cleaning floors.
D．Walking here and there.
4．Which robot can help people wash and dry floors?
A．PatrolBot. B．Roomba.
C．Scooba. D．IRobot.
课时作业(九) Using Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He gave a ________(信号)to the driver to carry on.
2．His father is a baseball ________(教练)．
3．My father bought an ________(电子的)dictionary for me.
4．Generosity is part of the American ________(性格，特征)．
5．This is a new ________(类型)of machine，with lots of meters on it.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
What comes into your mind when you think about robots？Do you imagine armies of evil(邪恶的)metal monsters(怪物)planning to take over the world？Or，perhaps of mechanical(机械的)men who have been created as guards or soldiers by a mad genius？Or maybe you think of man－like robots who act，think，and look like human beings.In fact robots like these have more to do with science fiction films than with real life.In the real world robots are machines that do jobs which otherwise have to be done by people.Robots either operate by themselves or under the control of a person.
In a car factory，for example，robot machinery can put together and paint car bodies.On the seabed remote controlled(摇控)underwater machines with mechanical arms can perform tasks too difficult for divers.Robot spacecraft can explore the solar system and send back information about planets and stars.
Many robots have computer brains.Some robots are fitted with cameras，sensors，and microphones which enable them to see，to feel，and to hear.And some robots can even produce electronic speech.
All this does not mean that a robot can think and behave like a human being.Present day robots have to be programmed with a good deal of information before they can carry out even simple tasks.
1．Robots in real life ________．
A．can behave like human beings
B．have the ability to control the world
C．can think by themselves
D．can help us with a lot of work
2．According to this passage，which of the following is NOT true about robots in the real world?
A．Some robots are as creative as artists.
B．Some robots can help make cars.
C．Some robots can see and hear.
D．Some robots can explore the outer space.
3．Robots can perform many tasks for man because ________．
A．they have intelligence
B．they are supplied with computer programs
C．they can imitate human beings
D．they have the ability to learn new things
4．The main purpose of this passage is to tell the readers the robots ________．
A．are bad to human beings
B．will one day control the whole world
C．are practical helpers of human beings
D．will replace human beings completely in the future
Ⅲ.阅读填句
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking Training
Get a coach
1．________，so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses，here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.
Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well.2.________，so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.
3．________
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts，walk away！Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.4.________．As far as we're concerned，there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your audience can be your friends.
You are a special person not a clone
Most importantly，good public speaking training should treat you as a special one，with your own personal habits.5.________.Your training course should help you bring out your personality，not try to turn you into someone you're not.
A．You aren't like anybody else
B．You already do lots of things well
C．Turn your back on too many rules
D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E．Whatever the presentation，public speaking is tough
F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
At present the computer is playing a important role in our daily life.By using the computer，we are able to learn about some other informations as well as news both home and abroad.We can also make phone calls，send messages by e－mail，go to net schools，but learn foreign languages by yourselves.Besides，it can make us to enjoy music，watch sports matches，and play chess or cards.The computer can even help us do some shopping online，have a chat and makes friends with strangers，who greatly improves our living level.In a word，since it appears，our life has become much easy than before.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．几天前的一系列车祸是由路上的冰引起的。
A series of car accidents _____________________________________________
on the street the other day.(arise)
2．你出门时，有人在照看那个小孩子吗？
Is anyone _________________________________________________________
while you're out？(watch)
3．那个警察打手势让我继续向前开。
The policeman __________________ drive on.(signal)
4．在某种程度上，通过这样做你可以得到你想要的。
__________________________ what you want by doing this.(way)
5．你帮我打好了这些信件真是太好了。
It's so kind of you _____________________________________________.(type)
Unit 4 Wildlife protection
课时作业(十) Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He spent the whole day ________(打猎)deer.
2．The hall can ________(容纳)two hundred people.
3．We greatly ________(感激)your timely help.
4．News of their safety came as a great ________(安慰)．
5．He ________(成功)in getting a position at art school.
6．The factory ________(雇用)over 2，000 people.
7．I'll go with her to make sure she comes to no ________(伤害)．
8．A shark can smell blood at a ________(距离)of half a kilometer.
9．He can be easily ________(感动)by others'stories.
10．She asked where he had been，but he didn't ________(回答)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The traffic accidents in the city decreased to 30% last year.
__________________________________________________________________
2．Scientists said that those plants died away a century ago.
__________________________________________________________________
3．Losing in thought，he even didn't notice me when I entered the room.
__________________________________________________________________
4．It is sure that you will make great progress as long as you work harder than ever.
__________________________________________________________________
5．Seeing the funny man，I burst into laughing.
__________________________________________________________________
6．If you don't want to be under the mercy of others，you'll have to start a business of your own.
__________________________________________________________________
7．I'd appreciate you if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
__________________________________________________________________
8．The meeting held yesterday was success.
__________________________________________________________________
9．Smoking does harm on health，as everyone knows.
__________________________________________________________________
10．As a matter of fact，your opinion will not effect my decision.
__________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
ZANZIBAR，Tanzania(AP)—Hundreds of dead dolphins were washed up Friday along the shore of a popular tourist place on Zanzibar's northern coast.Scientists have ruled out poisoning.
It was not immediately clear what killed the 400 dolphins，whose dead bodies lied along a 4－kilometer coast of Nungwi，said Narriman Jidawi，a marine biologist at the Institute of Marine Science in Zanzibar.But the dolphins，which live in deep offshore(近海的)waters，had empty stomachs，meaning that they could have got lost and had been swimming for some time to reorient themselves.They did not die from hunger and were not poisoned，Jidawi said.
In the US，experts were looking into the possibility that sonar(声波定位仪)from US submarines(潜艇)could have caused a similar incident in Marathon，Florida，where 68 deepwater dolphins stranded(搁浅)themselves.
The deaths are a blow to the tourism industry in Zanzibar，where thousands of visitors go to watch and swim with wild dolphins.Villagers，fishermen and hotel residents found the dead bodies and told officials.
Mussa Aboud Jumbe，Zanzibar's director of fisheries，went on state radio to warn the public against eating the dolphins'meat，saying the cause of death had not been found.
The Indo－Pacific bottlenose，commonly known as dolphins，are the most common species in Zanzibar's coastal waters，with bottlenose and humpback dolphins often found in mixed－species groups.
1．Where is this passage from possibly?
A．An English textbook.
B．An English paper.
C．A travel journal.
D．A tour guidance.
2．According to the passage，the dolphins mentioned ________．
A．are often attacked by submarines
B．find it hard to find enough food
C．often fall in at sea
D．like living in the deep waters near the coast
3．The underlined word“reorient”in Paragraph 2 means ________．
A．lose their way
B．find their way again
C．look for food
D．fight against enemies
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．400 Dolphins Died Along the Coast of Nungwi
B．Dolphins Are Facing Increased Risks of Death
C．Necessary for US to Protect Dolphins
D．Nungwi Is Famous for Many Dolphins There
B
More than two thirds of the world's polar bears will be wiped out by 2050，according to a shocking new study.By then，scientists say，global warming will have melted 42 percent of the Arctic sea ice.By 2100，only a very few of these important creatures will be left.
The report has been produced by the US Geological Survey.The scientists have publicized their findings in the hope of influencing US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne，who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals，which are their main food.Without enough ice，polar bears would be forced to go onto the land，where they are poorly skilled hunters，and would be unlikely to adapt to the life on the land in time.Experts say few little bears would survive and the stress could make many females unable to get pregnant.
The team of American and Canadian scientists spent six months studying bears，on the ground，from spotter planes and in the lab，using computer models.Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says.They say the Arctic is warming faster than anywhere in the world and much faster than their computer had been forecasting.Satellite observations have showed that the ice has decreased to an all－time low.
However，not everyone in the scientific community believes that global warming is happening on such an alarming scale.Another investigation has found that polar bears are still being hunted by wealthy“sportsmen”who want their skins and heads.At least ten international companies offer bear－hunting trips.
5．What do we know about Dirk Kempthorne according to the passage?
A．He is an animal scientist.
B．He is a protector of animals working for the US government.
C．He was asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
D．He offered to put polar bears on the endangered species list.
6．Why will polar bears die out if there is not enough sea ice?
A．Because polar bears can't catch enough food without ice.
B．Because polar bears eat ice when they feel thirsty.
C．Because polar bears will be easily found by hunters without ice.
D．Because most female bears are used to giving birth under ice.
7．After a six－month study，some scientists fear that ________．
A．there is something wrong with their computers
B．polar bears will disappear even faster than they ever expected
C．their computer models are not as accurate as they expected
D．global warming will destroy everything in the Arctic
8．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A．The forecast about the future of polar bears is not correct.
B．Global warming won't have any effect on hunting trips in the Arctic.
C．Polar bears are an endangered species as a result of bear－hunting.
D．People don't pay enough attention to the protection of endangered species.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．此书共有50个故事，其中包括了15个短篇故事。(contain)
The book ________ 50 stories，________ 15 short stories/15 short stories ________．
2．孩子们被他的人生故事深深打动了。(affect)
The children ________________________________ his life story.
3．令我们宽慰的是，这种疾病并没有像预计的那样突然发生。(relief；burst)
________________________，the disease didn't ________________ as expected.
4．他一直在找工作。(hunt)
He has been ________________ a job.
5．他雇了两个人替他工作。(employ)
He ________ two men ________________ for him.
课时作业(十一) Learning about Language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We'll ________(保留)the ticket for you till tomorrow noon.
2．The number of people in the village has ____________(减少)from 150 to
