人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture Learning About Language学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture Learning About Language学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-25 09:24:36 | ||
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过去完成时
1.过去完成时的概念与结构特点
过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去(past-in-the-past )”。
2.过去完成时的结构
(1)By the time the policeman got to the shop, the thief had run away. 肯定：主语＋had done
(2) The thief had not run away by the time the policeman got to the shop. 否定：主语＋had not done
(3) Had the thief run away by the time the policeman got to the shop 疑问：Had＋主语＋ done
疑问：Had＋主语＋ done
练习：By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
否定句：
一般疑问句：
3.过去完成时的判断依据
(1)由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
练习：
My father asked me if I (finish) reading that book.
The lady showed me the pictures she (paint).
I began the work after he (go).
(2)由时间状语来判定
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。
练习：By the time the policeman _______(get) to the shop, Tom __________(run) away.
By the time his grandma ________(come)from America, Li Hua______________(grow) up.
过去完成时的被动语态
基本构成
The room looked nice. Somebody had cleaned it.
The room looked nice. It had been cleaned.
过去完成时的被动：had been done
(1) The room had been cleaned. 肯定：主语＋had been done
(2) The room had not been cleaned. 否定：主语＋had not been done
(3) Had the room been cleaned 疑问：Had＋主语＋been done
(4) When had the room been cleaned 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done
三、基本用法
1.在 told，said，knew，heard，thought 等动词后的宾语从句。
e.g. She said (that) she _______________(be) to Paris.
I thought I ____________(send) the letter a week before.
2.状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
e.g. When the police arrived, the thieves ____________ (run) away.
When she returned home, she found that all her furniture ______________(ruin) by the flood.
3.表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect，think, intend, mean等,
用过去完成时表示“原本… , 却未能…”。
e.g. We __________ (hope)that you would come, but you didn’t.
I _____________(intend)to see you , but I had to look after my baby.
4. 在by, by the end of, by the time, before,
后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。
e.g. By the end of last year, we _____________ (produce) 20, 000 cars.
The train ________ (leave) before we reached the station.
By nine o'clock last night，we ________(get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
5. 表示“一……就”的句型：
(1)“hardly/scarcely+had done+when did” (2)“no sooner+had done+than did”
I had hardly entered the room when the light went out.
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
6. 过去完成时常用于一些固定句型：
(1) It / This / That was the first / second ... time + that 从句，从句谓语动词常用过去完成时。
e.g. It was the third time that he _____________ (mention) his mother in his speech.
(2) It/That was the +形容词最高级+名词+that+主语+had done
e.g. It was the most interesting movie that I ____________(watch).
四、现在完成时和过去完成时比较
现在完成时:发生在过去但与现在相关
现在完成时:发生在过去但与现在相关 过去完成时:发生在“过去的过去”
As far as I know, they ________ (live) in this city for twenty years.
They ________ (live) in this city for twenty years before they moved to Shenyang.
I ___________(learn) 1，000 English words so far.
到目前为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
I ___________(learn) 1，000 English words by the end of last term.
到上学期为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别：
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，而过去完成时表示的动作不仅发生在过去，而且把时间推移到过去某一时间之前，即“过去的过去”，与现在时间不发生联系，通常在和过去某时或某动作相比较时就会用到它。
五、练习
1.He said that he ___________ (write) that letter.
2.Before he arrived, the train __________(leave).
3.By then, they ____________ (work)for eight hours.
4.When she got to the cinema, the film ____ already ____ (be) on for 15 minutes.
5.Mary told me she ___________(meet) my mother before.
6.By six o’clock yesterday evening, I ____________(finish) my homework.
7.I went to Li Hong’s house, but he ____________(go) out.
8. The universities in Britain _____________ (take) in many students from China and other Asian countries over the past few years.
六、写作
1.结构
2.健康饮食类应用文“黄金”词句
挑食be particular about food 从...获益benefit from
不吃早餐skip breakfast/do sth without having breakfast 各种各样的食物a variety of foods
暴饮暴食eat and drink too much/eat like a horse 规律进餐have meals regularly
高脂肪的食物fatty food 避免高脂肪食物avoid the dishes with high calories
有营养的食物nutritious food
食用新鲜食物，减少冷冻或加工食物have fresh food while reducing processed or frozen food
对...有害do harm to 规律进餐have meals regularly
固定的饮食习惯consistent eating habits 吃适量的食物consume a modest amount of food
均衡饮食a balanced diet
(1)最近健康饮食是一个热门话题，因为饮食在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要作用。
Healthy diet is a heated topic among people recently, for diet plays an important role in our daily life.
人们逐渐意识到健康是一个人能够拥有的最有价值的东西。
People come to realize that good health is the most valuable thing a person can have.
据说许多学生早上什么都不吃，这对他们的健康是有害的。
It’s said that many students do not eat anything at all in the morning, which is very bad for their health.
我认为你不健康的饮食和你的问题有很大的关系。
I think your unhealthy diet is closely associated with your problems.
此外，我们应该注重饮食均衡，这能保证我们必要的营养。
Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrition.
练，你校将举行一次关于“我的饮食习惯”的主题征文活动，请你结合自身的饮食习惯写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．个人的饮食习惯（好或坏）；
2．健康饮食的建议；
3．健康饮食的倡议。
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Para. 1：Introduce the topic
Para. 2：Talk about your personal eating habits and advice on healthy eating
Para. 3：Appeal to people to keep a balanced diet.
1.过去完成时的概念与结构特点
过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去(past-in-the-past )”。
2.过去完成时的结构
(1)By the time the policeman got to the shop, the thief had run away. 肯定：主语＋had done
(2) The thief had not run away by the time the policeman got to the shop. 否定：主语＋had not done
(3) Had the thief run away by the time the policeman got to the shop 疑问：Had＋主语＋ done
疑问：Had＋主语＋ done
练习：By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
否定句：
一般疑问句：
3.过去完成时的判断依据
(1)由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
练习：
My father asked me if I (finish) reading that book.
The lady showed me the pictures she (paint).
I began the work after he (go).
(2)由时间状语来判定
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。
( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。
( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。
练习：By the time the policeman _______(get) to the shop, Tom __________(run) away.
By the time his grandma ________(come)from America, Li Hua______________(grow) up.
过去完成时的被动语态
基本构成
The room looked nice. Somebody had cleaned it.
The room looked nice. It had been cleaned.
过去完成时的被动：had been done
(1) The room had been cleaned. 肯定：主语＋had been done
(2) The room had not been cleaned. 否定：主语＋had not been done
(3) Had the room been cleaned 疑问：Had＋主语＋been done
(4) When had the room been cleaned 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done
三、基本用法
1.在 told，said，knew，heard，thought 等动词后的宾语从句。
e.g. She said (that) she _______________(be) to Paris.
I thought I ____________(send) the letter a week before.
2.状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
e.g. When the police arrived, the thieves ____________ (run) away.
When she returned home, she found that all her furniture ______________(ruin) by the flood.
3.表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect，think, intend, mean等,
用过去完成时表示“原本… , 却未能…”。
e.g. We __________ (hope)that you would come, but you didn’t.
I _____________(intend)to see you , but I had to look after my baby.
4. 在by, by the end of, by the time, before,
后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。
e.g. By the end of last year, we _____________ (produce) 20, 000 cars.
The train ________ (leave) before we reached the station.
By nine o'clock last night，we ________(get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
5. 表示“一……就”的句型：
(1)“hardly/scarcely+had done+when did” (2)“no sooner+had done+than did”
I had hardly entered the room when the light went out.
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
6. 过去完成时常用于一些固定句型：
(1) It / This / That was the first / second ... time + that 从句，从句谓语动词常用过去完成时。
e.g. It was the third time that he _____________ (mention) his mother in his speech.
(2) It/That was the +形容词最高级+名词+that+主语+had done
e.g. It was the most interesting movie that I ____________(watch).
四、现在完成时和过去完成时比较
现在完成时:发生在过去但与现在相关
现在完成时:发生在过去但与现在相关 过去完成时:发生在“过去的过去”
As far as I know, they ________ (live) in this city for twenty years.
They ________ (live) in this city for twenty years before they moved to Shenyang.
I ___________(learn) 1，000 English words so far.
到目前为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
I ___________(learn) 1，000 English words by the end of last term.
到上学期为止我已经学会了1 000个英语单词。
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别：
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，而过去完成时表示的动作不仅发生在过去，而且把时间推移到过去某一时间之前，即“过去的过去”，与现在时间不发生联系，通常在和过去某时或某动作相比较时就会用到它。
五、练习
1.He said that he ___________ (write) that letter.
2.Before he arrived, the train __________(leave).
3.By then, they ____________ (work)for eight hours.
4.When she got to the cinema, the film ____ already ____ (be) on for 15 minutes.
5.Mary told me she ___________(meet) my mother before.
6.By six o’clock yesterday evening, I ____________(finish) my homework.
7.I went to Li Hong’s house, but he ____________(go) out.
8. The universities in Britain _____________ (take) in many students from China and other Asian countries over the past few years.
六、写作
1.结构
2.健康饮食类应用文“黄金”词句
挑食be particular about food 从...获益benefit from
不吃早餐skip breakfast/do sth without having breakfast 各种各样的食物a variety of foods
暴饮暴食eat and drink too much/eat like a horse 规律进餐have meals regularly
高脂肪的食物fatty food 避免高脂肪食物avoid the dishes with high calories
有营养的食物nutritious food
食用新鲜食物，减少冷冻或加工食物have fresh food while reducing processed or frozen food
对...有害do harm to 规律进餐have meals regularly
固定的饮食习惯consistent eating habits 吃适量的食物consume a modest amount of food
均衡饮食a balanced diet
(1)最近健康饮食是一个热门话题，因为饮食在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要作用。
Healthy diet is a heated topic among people recently, for diet plays an important role in our daily life.
人们逐渐意识到健康是一个人能够拥有的最有价值的东西。
People come to realize that good health is the most valuable thing a person can have.
据说许多学生早上什么都不吃，这对他们的健康是有害的。
It’s said that many students do not eat anything at all in the morning, which is very bad for their health.
我认为你不健康的饮食和你的问题有很大的关系。
I think your unhealthy diet is closely associated with your problems.
此外，我们应该注重饮食均衡，这能保证我们必要的营养。
Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which assures us the necessary nutrition.
练，你校将举行一次关于“我的饮食习惯”的主题征文活动，请你结合自身的饮食习惯写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．个人的饮食习惯（好或坏）；
2．健康饮食的建议；
3．健康饮食的倡议。
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Para. 1：Introduce the topic
Para. 2：Talk about your personal eating habits and advice on healthy eating
Para. 3：Appeal to people to keep a balanced diet.