2024年高考英语押题卷01（北京专用）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch. My company, like many companies, had 1 costs by not replacing people as they left. The survivors had to take up the work. For me and my co-workers, this meant no lunch hour. I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job. I felt 2 . Then a conversation with a six-year-old girl changed my 3 .
The young girl was standing in line with her mom at the supermarket.
“Good day at school ” I asked.
A nod.
“What’s your favorite subject ”
“Lunch.”
I smiled. That had been my 4 too. At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games. There were no adults to tell me what to do. The time was mine.
But what happened to lunch time now
I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work. So I decided to 5 it. Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to 6 the area. A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission. At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field.
At the beginning of my tours during lunch, I received some 7 stares from my co-workers, but I chose to ignore them. In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to 8 their work during lunch. 9 , we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work.
I’m still looking for a new position, but with less anxiety than before. If we can’t change our 10 , we can change our attitude.
1．A．counted B．cut C．paid D．raised
2．A．trapped B．fearful C．shocked D．hurt
3．A．work B．way C．view D．plan
4．A．decision B．explanation C．secret D．answer
5．A．take B．make C．find D．stop
6．A．explore B．measure C．develop D．identify
7．A．innocent B．determined C．sympathetic D．unpleasant
8．A．carry on B．take over C．put aside D．go through
9．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Accidentally D．Obviously
10．A．strategies B．circumstances C．responsibilities D．principles
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者疲于工作，边午饭边工作，又想辞职，但是考虑到经济情况，很难找到工作。后来和一个女孩的谈话改变了看法，认为午饭时间就应该是自己的时间。逐渐调整了心态：不能改变环境，但可以改变对待生活的态度。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和许多公司一样，我的公司为了削减成本，没有在员工离职时补人。A. counted数数；B. cut削减；C. paid支付；D. raised筹集。根据本句中“by not replacing people as they left”可知，此举是为了削减成本。故选B。
2．考查动形容词义辨析。句意：我感觉被困住了。A. trapped受困的；B. fearful害怕的；C. shocked震惊的；D. hurt受伤的。根据前文“I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job.”可知，作者想辞职，但是考虑到经济情况，很难找到工作，这是进退两难的困境。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来和一个六岁女孩的谈话改变了我的看法。A. work工作；B. way方法；C. view观点；D. plan计划。根据后文“If we can’t change our , we can change our attitude.”可知，作者的观点发生了变化：不能改变环境，但可以改变对待生活的态度。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是我的回答。A. decision决定；B. explanation解释；C. secret秘密；D. answer回答。根据前文“I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch.”和““What’s your favorite subject ”“Lunch.””以及后文“At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games. There were no adults to tell me what to do. The time was mine.”可知，作者因为工作陷入困境，不得不边午饭边工作，小女孩的回答解决了他的困扰，同时是也作者的内心所想，认为午饭时间就应该是自己的时间。故选D。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定接受它。A. take接受；B. make制作；C. find找到；D. stop停止。根据前文“I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work.”以及前后的因果关系可知，作者知道自己有权在工作时间享用午餐，作者准备接受并享用这项权利。故选A。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的办公室位于市中心，我开始探索这个地区。A. explore探索；B. measure衡量；C. develop发展；D. identify确认。根据后文“A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission. At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field.”可知，作者在这个区域探索发现了自己之前未曾注意的生活。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在午餐时间开始观光时，同事们对我投来了一些不愉快的目光，但我选择忽略它们。A. innocent无辜的；B. determined下定决心的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. unpleasant令人不愉快的。根据本句中“but I chose to ignore them”可知，前后为转折关系，同事们对作者投来了一些不愉快的目光，但是作者选择忽视。故选D。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，我惊讶地看到他们中的一些人开始在午餐时间把工作放在一边。A. carry on继续；B. take over接管；C. put aside把……放在一边；D. go through经历。根据后文“we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work.”作者和同事出去散步，除了对工作的常见抱怨，我们还有其他话题可以聊，可以推知，作者发现同事中的一些人开始在午餐时间把工作放在一边。故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们开始邀请对方出去散步，并发现除了对工作的常见抱怨之外，我们还有其他话题可以聊。A. Generally笼统地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Accidentally偶然地；D. Obviously明显地。根据前文“In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to their work during lunch.”以及后文“we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work”可知，作者和同事们一开始在午餐时间把工作放在一边，然后开始邀请对方出去散步，聊天。前后为时间上的递进关系。故选B。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不能改变环境，我们可以改变我们的态度。A. strategies策略；B. circumstances环境；C. responsibilities责任；D. principles原则。根据前文“I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job. I felt .”和“Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to the area.”可知，作者想辞职，但是考虑到经济情况，很难找到工作，但是作者通过探索生活，午饭时间休息不工作，逐渐调整自己的心态：不能改变环境，我们可以改变态度。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
（2023·北京海淀·三模）
Faced with health or nutrition questions, it is 11 (increase) common for people to go online and diagnose themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to remove the wrong advice, some of 12 is extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. It is worth examining 13 the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert. Remember, only officially recognized practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestions.
【答案】11．increasingly 12．which 13．whether
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了当人们遇到健康问题时上网搜索自我诊断的现象，但其实网上的信息并不可靠，最后指出只有官方认可的医生和营养师才有资格给予实用的医疗建议。
11．考查副词。句意：面对健康或营养问题，人们上网自我诊断越来越普遍。修饰形容词common应用副词形式，故填increasingly。
12．考查定语从句。句意：但互联网上充满了相互矛盾的健康警告，没有任何规定来删除错误的建议，其中一些是极其危险的！分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是advice，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
13．考查主语从句。句意：值得研究的是，一篇网络文章的作者是否有资格成为专家。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，结合句意可知，此处指“是否”，应用whether引导，故填whether。
B
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）
My new book celebrates the power of mathematical thinking to get you to your goal 14 (success) without hours of labour. It’s your shortcut that mathematicians 15 me have come up with to your destination. Of course, while I 16 (produce) Thinking Better: The art of the shortcut, I read a good few books. Here’s a list of those that were the most influential in my journey to find the smartest ways of thinking.
【答案】14．successfully 15．like 16．was producing
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的新书。
14．考查副词。句意：我的新书颂扬了数学思维的力量，它能让你不花几个小时就成功地达到目标。修饰动词get应用副词successfully，故填successfully。
15．考查介词。句意：这是像我这样的数学家想出来的通往目的地的捷径。后跟me作宾语，表示“像”应用like。故填like。
16．考查时态。句意：当然，当我在写《思考得更好：捷径的艺术》的时候，我读了不少书。此处从句表示动作正在进行，且发生在过去，用过去进行时，主语为I，谓语用单数。故填was producing。
C
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 17 (fail). But this shot felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 18 (pain), but I went at it anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 19 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 20 harmony.
【答案】17．failed 18．painful 19．where 20．in
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者学习骑自行车的过程。
17．考查时态。句意：我试过几次，但总是失败。设空处为谓语，根据上文时态可知应是一般过去时，故填failed。
18．考查形容词。句意：学习的过程是痛苦的，但我还是坚持了下来。proved在句中用作连系动词，设空处为表语，应用形容词，故填painful。
19．考查定语从句。句意：一开始，我每天都在车辆稀少的后街日常骑行，然后逐渐骑自行车到更繁忙的地区，在那里我可以和遛狗的人共用一条街。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词busier areas，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
20．考查固定短语。句意：我也可以和邻居打招呼，欣赏一切是如何和谐地运转。短语in harmony意为“和谐地”，固定搭配，符合句意和语境，故填in。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（2023·北京房山·统考二模）General LRC rules
We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us.
● No eating or drinking
● No copying of audio cassettes
● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson.
● If you use it as a self-access student, you must scan your borrower barcode (issued by the library staff) when entering and leaving. The LRC is for use by Language Centre students only.
● All bags must be put in the bag-rack.
Please work quietly. This is a library and many students are studying for exams.
Photocopying
We have a photocopier available. Please ask the library staff to help you. The cost is 20c for one A4 sheet.
Borrowing from the LRC
Language Centre students are permitted to borrow materials from the library. Other schools’ students must use the facilities at their own schools.
Full-time students: Give your photo — ID card to the librarian and you will get an LRC number. Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash.
Loans
Language students can borrow up to 4 items (of which no more than 2 can be kits) at one time. Kits are bags containing book(s) plus cassette(s).
All teacher trainee students may borrow up to 3 items:
● Test materials 1 week
● Listening kits 1 week
● Most other books 2 weeks
Books marked REF in red are reference books and cannot be taken out of the library. Books marked REF in green may be removed by staff only.
Most items can be renewed once. Test materials cannot be renewed.
21．What can we learn from the passage
A．You can borrow and copy audio cassettes from the LRC．
B．The LRC can only be used by students studying for exams.
C．Students and teachers can photocopy materials at the LRC for free
D．Teachers are allowed to use the LRC when giving lessons to students.
22．According to the passage, part -time students at the Language Center _________.
A．can borrow at least four items at one time
B．should renew the test materials once a week
C．should pay a deposit before borrowing materials
D．can take books marked REF in red out of the library
23．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To explain how to use the LRC．
B．To recommend resources for language learning.
C．To present the different functions of school facilities.
D．To introduce how to borrow reference books from the LRC．
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了语言资源中心的一些使用规则。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson. (你可以在自己的时间使用LRC，也可以和老师一起作为课程的一部分使用它)”可知，教师在给学生上课时可以使用LRC。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Borrowing from the LRC部分中“Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash.(非全日制学生：你需要带上你的50美元。这是出纳员给我的00英镑的存款收据。课程结束后，请将借书证带回来，押金将以现金退还)”可知，非全日制学生借用资料前应先付押金。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us.(我们有一些简单的规则来帮助你使用语言资源中心。希望大家合作愉快)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是解释如何使用LRC。故选A。
B
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）Ever wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space Well, that is where my job as an instrument operations engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.
When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.
The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.
The highlight of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking images of the planet. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.
My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.
24．Why did the author apply to MIT
A．The majors in MIT interested her. B．Her mother urged her to go to MIT.
C．She set this goal as a high-schooler. D．A summer program made her love MIT.
25．What does the author think about her occupation
A．It’s easy to predict what she does. B．It’s hard for a girl to have such a career.
C．She is annoyed by being misunderstood. D．She is proud to work for human well-being.
26．What does the author value most in the Cassini mission
A．Its historic contributions. B．The team it brought together.
C．Breathtaking images of the planet. D．The opportunity to operate the cameras.
27．What can we learn from the story
A．Practice makes perfect. B．No way is impossible to courage.
C．Well begun is half done. D．Time lost cannot be won again.
【答案】24．D 25．D 26．B 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是一名工程师，工作包括规划、制作和操作飞行中的科学仪器。作者认为自己从事有益于人类的项目，感到感激和满足。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me.(在收到一封来自麻省理工学院的电子邮件后，在我妈妈的鼓励下，我决定申请他们提供的暑期项目。在参加了这个项目之后，我知道MIT是适合我的大学)”可知，作者申请麻省理工学院是因为一个暑期项目使她爱上了麻省理工学院。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity.(作为一名工程师，最令人兴奋和满足的部分是我能够从事有益于人类的项目)”以及“What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.(他们可能无法想象的是，研究我们自己的家园地球的大量工作正在进行。我很感激有这样一份工作，能让我承担起这样的责任)”可知，作者因自己为人类福祉而工作而自豪。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.(虽然卡西尼号将因其历史性贡献而被铭记，但我将铭记的是它所凝聚的团队)”可知，在卡西尼号任务中，作者最看重的是它所凝聚的团队。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.(我意识到英雄故事的一个共同主题是，英雄必须总是做出选择，开始他们的冒险。如果你在自己的故事中因为害怕接下来可能发生的事情而不拿起剑，你就有可能根本没有故事)”可知，我们能从这个故事中学到“勇者无惧”的道理。故选B。
C
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）Even people who tend to think conventionally, such as accountants, can be creative, a recent study suggests, if they can look at emotional situations in a different light. In a set of experiments, researchers found that conventional thinkers came up with more creative ideas than peers after they practised “emotional reappraisal”. This means viewing a situation through another emotional lens, such as trying to see an anger-inducing event as one that is neutral or hopeful.
The study indicates that creativity is something that can be trained.“Whenever we break away from our existing perspective and try to think about something that’s different from our initial reaction, there’s a creative element to it. If we can practise or train that flexible-thinking muscle, it may help us be more creative over time,”said lead author Lily Zhu, an assistant professor at Washington State University.
For the study, Zhu and her colleagues conducted two similar experiments. In the first experiment with 335 people recruited through a crowdsourcing platform, the participants were first ranked on their openness levels and then shown a film scene designed to elicit (引起) anger. While viewing, they were given different instructions: to suppress their emotions, to think about something else to distract themselves or to try emotional reappraisal—looking at the scene through another lens. Some were also given no instruction on how to regulate their feelings.
After viewing the film, the participants were asked to come up with an idea to use an empty space in their building. Those ideas were then evaluated by a panel of experts who did not know anything about the participants. Ideas such as using the space for “napping capsules” were considered highly creative whereas ideas like opening a similar cafeteria as before were considered low in creativity.
The next experiment had a different group of 177 participants write about an experience that made them angry. They were then tasked with either writing about it again from a different emotional perspective or writing about something else as a distraction.
In both experiments, conventional thinking participants who tried emotional reappraisal came up with more creative ideas than other conventional thinkers who used suppression, distraction or no emotional regulation strategy at all. Notably, for participants who were considered creative thinkers to begin with, emotional reappraisal did not seem to have much effect on their creativity.
As to the implications of the study, Zhu suggested that supervisors in workplace should develop trainings to cultivate creative thinking skills in employees. Individuals can also practise emotional reappraisal when confronted with a crisis or challenge instead of suppressing negative emotions.
28．Which of the following is most probably an example of emotional reappraisal
A．Considering an occurrence objectively.
B．Taking one’s success as an opportunity.
C．Distracting oneself from an annoying event.
D．Regarding disappointment as a turning point.
29．From the study, we know that ________.
A．creative thinkers’ creativity was enhanced after practising emotional reappraisal
B．evaluating experts had adequate information about the research subjects
C．the research findings could be applied to the training of employees
D．the first experiment aimed to select the most creative design
30．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Change Feelings to Boost Creativity
B．Effective Strategies to Manage Emotions
C．Think Over to Explore Creative Potential
D．A New Way to Remove Negative Emotions
【答案】28．D 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述一项研究表明尝试情绪重新评估的传统思维者能够提出更多的创意，并且介绍了这项研究的过程。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“In a set of experiments, researchers found that conventional thinkers came up with more creative ideas than peers after they practised “emotional reappraisal” .This means viewing a situation through another emotional lens, such as trying to see an anger-inducing event as one that is neutral or hopeful. (在一系列实验中，研究人员发现，传统思考者在练习了“情绪重新评估”之后，比同龄人想出了更多的创造性想法。这意味着从另一个情感角度看待一个情况，比如试图把一个引起愤怒的事件看作是中性的或充满希望的)”可知情绪重新评估意味着从另一个情感角度看问题，所以D选项“把失望当作转折点。”符合情绪重新评估，故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As to the implications of the study, Zhu suggested that supervisors in workplace should develop trainings to cultivate creative thinking skills in employees. Individuals can also practise emotional reappraisal when confronted with a crisis or challenge instead of suppressing negative emotions. (对于该研究的启示，朱建议工作场所的主管应该开展培训，培养员工的创造性思维技能。当面临危机或挑战时，个人也可以练习情绪重新评估，而不是压抑负面情绪。)”可推断，研究结果可以应用于员工的培训，故选C。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一句“Even people who tend to think conventionally, such as accountants, can be creative, a recent study suggests, if they can look at emotional situations in a different light. (最近的一项研究表明，即使是那些倾向于传统思维的人，比如会计师，如果他们能从不同的角度看待情绪状况，他们也可以很有创造力)”可知本文主要讲述一项研究表明尝试情绪重新评估的传统思维者能够提出更多的创意，A选项“改变情绪，激发创造力”符合本文主旨，故选A。
D
（2023·北京平谷·统考一模）Ask a smart home device for the weather forecast and it takes several seconds for the device to respond. This latency (延时) occurs as connected devices don’t have enough memory or power to store and run the enormous machine-learning models needed for the device to understand what a user is asking of it. The model is stored in a data center that may be hundreds of miles away, where the answer is computed and sent to the device.
MIT researchers have created a new method for computing directly on these devices, which drastically reduces this latency. Their technique shifts the steps of running a machine-learning model to a central server where components of the model are encoded onto light waves. The waves are sent to a connected device using fiber optics (纤维光学), which enables tons of data to be sent lightning-fast through a network. The receiver then employs a simple optical device that rapidly performs computations using the parts of a model carried by those light waves.
This technique leads to more than a hundredfold improvement in energy efficiency when compared to other methods. It could also improve security, since a user’s data do not need to be transferred to a central location for computation. This method could enable a self-driving car to make decisions in real-time while using just a tiny percentage of the energy currently required by power-hungry computers. It could also allow a user to have a latency-free conversation with their smart home device, be used for live video processing, or even enable high-speed image classification on a spacecraft millions of miles from Earth.
“Every time you want to run a neural network, you have to run the program, and how fast you can run the program depends on how fast you can pipe the program in from memory. Our pipe is massive — it corresponds to sending a full feature-length movie over the internet every millisecond or so. That is how fast data comes into our system. And it can compute as fast as that,” says professor Dirk England.
The neural network architecture involves storing weights in a central server that is connected to a novel piece of hardware called a smart transceiver. This smart transceiver, a thumb-sized chip(芯片), can receive and send data. Moving forward, the researchers want to update the smart transceiver chip to achieve even better performance.
31．What’s the paragraph 1 mainly about
A．The cause of the latency.
B．The effect of the latency.
C．The advanced smart device.
D．The models stored in a data center.
32．How does this new method reduce latency
A．By improving the parts of a model.
B．By using optics to speed up computations.
C．By computing directly in remote data centers.
D．By inventing a new machine-learning model.
33．The author mentions a self-driving car to ________.
A．introduce the impact of the latency
B．explain how data is quickly computed in this system
C．demonstrate the technique’s energy saving and safety
D．highlight the user’s satisfaction with modern technology
34．What can we infer from this passage
A．The new technique will be further improved.
B．Optics needs to be developed and used urgently.
C．The new computing architecture is very perfect.
D．The technique was developed to send movies over the internet.
【答案】31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种利用光学来加快计算速度从而减少延迟的新技术。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“This latency(延时) occurs as connected devices don’t have enough memory or power to store and run the enormous machine-learning models needed for the device to understand what a user is asking of it. The model is stored in a data center that may be hundreds of miles away, where the answer is computed and sent to the device.(这种延迟发生的原因是，连接的设备没有足够的内存或能力来存储和运行庞大的机器学习模型，而设备需要这些模型来理解用户的要求。该模型存储在可能数百英里外的数据中心，在那里计算答案并发送到设备。)”可知，第一段主要是讲延迟的原因。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The waves are sent to a connected device using fiber optics(纤维光学), which enables tons of data to be sent lightning-fast through a network. The receiver then employs a simple optical device that rapidly performs computations using the parts of a model carried by those light waves.(这些电波通过光纤传输到连接的设备上，这使得大量数据能够以闪电般的速度通过网络传输。然后，接收器采用一个简单的光学装置，利用这些光波携带的模型部分快速执行计算。)”可知，这种新方法利用光学来加快计算速度，从而减少了延迟。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“This technique leads to more than a hundredfold improvement in energy efficiency when compared to other methods. It could also improve security, since a user’s data do not need to be transferred to a central location for computation.(与其他方法相比，这项技术使能源效率提高了一百倍以上。它还可以提高安全性，因为用户的数据不需要传输到中心位置进行计算。)”可知，作者提到了一辆自动驾驶汽车以展示该技术的节能和安全性。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Moving forward, the researchers want to update the smart transceiver chip to achieve even better performance.(展望未来，研究人员希望更新智能收发器芯片以获得更好的性能。)”可知，这项新技术将得到进一步改进。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）In our modern world, there are endless alternatives. Have you ever found yourself wondering whether you should quit or stay in your job, accept an offer or give it up for another There is a simple and practical method that solves this problem. 35 When you understand the concept, you have the power to measure every alternative with precision and make the right decision.
In the field of economics, opportunity cost is the value that you have to give up when you choose an option over another good option. 36 Every time you choose something, you give up other alternatives together with their financial benefits. It is not all the other options, but the most valued one that is defined as the opportunity cost.
37 Take the simple example of trying to decide whether to take public transportation for 80 minutes or to drive for 40 minutes. You might save on the cost of gas while riding the bus but double the trip length and miss out on other things you could have done during that time. 38 This is how you create priorities in your daily life.
Though useful in decision making, the biggest drawback of opportunity cost is that it’s often related to what’s hard to quantify. 39 After all, putting a number to your peaceful mind or happiness can be difficult.
Opportunity cost isn’t cut and dried. It varies from person to person. At the end of the day, you are in charge of what you own and what you want to gain.
A．It is about finding out the opportunity cost.
B．Weigh the losses and gains, and make your decision.
C．Opportunity cost matters not only in economics but also in real life.
D．This is especially true when the opportunity cost is of non-financial benefit.
E．The key principle underlying the idea is that there is no such thing as free lunch.
F．Most people overlook opportunity cost because the benefits are usually hidden from view.
G．It is the development of important skills that would help you move forward in your daily life.
【答案】35．A 36．E 37．C 38．B 39．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机会成本。
35．根据上文“There is a simple and practical method that solves this problem.( 有一个简单实用的方法可以解决这个问题。)”和下文“When you understand the concept, you have the power to measure every alternative with precision and make the right decision.(当你理解了这个概念，你就有能力精确地衡量每一个选择，并做出正确的决定。)”可知，空处提到了一个概念，就是机会成本。A项中的“the opportunity cost”和下文中的“the concept”对应。A项：It is about finding out the opportunity cost.(这是关于找出机会成本。)符合语境。故选A。
36．根据下文“Every time you choose something, you give up other alternatives together with their financial benefits.(每次你选择某样东西，你就放弃了其他的选择以及它们的经济利益。)”可知，下文举例说明机会成本的具体实施原则，选择了某样东西，就要放弃其他的选择以及它们的经济利益。E项：The key principle underlying the idea is that there is no such thing as free lunch.(这个观点的关键原则是，天下没有免费的午餐。)符合语境。故选E。
37．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Take the simple example of trying to decide whether to take public transportation for 80 minutes or to drive for 40 minutes.(举个简单的例子，试着决定是乘80分钟的公共交通工具还是开车40分钟。)”可知，本段主要讲述机会成本在日常生活中的应用。C项：Opportunity cost matters not only in economics but also in real life.(机会成本不仅在经济学中很重要，在现实生活中也很重要。)符合语境。故选C。
38．根据上文“You might save on the cost of gas while riding the bus but double the trip length and miss out on other things you could have done during that time.(你可能会在乘坐公共汽车时节省汽油费用，但会使行程长度增加一倍，并错过在这段时间内你可以做的其他事情。)”可知，在做决定之前要权衡利弊。B项：Weigh the losses and gains, and make your decision.(权衡得失，再做决定。)符合语境。故选B。
39．根据上文“Though useful in decision making, the biggest drawback of opportunity cost is that it’s often related to what’s hard to quantify. (虽然机会成本在决策中很有用，但它最大的缺点是它往往与难以量化的东西有关。)”可知，此处提出机会成本的局限性，结合下文“After all, putting a number to your peaceful mind or happiness can be difficult.(毕竟，用一个数字来形容你内心的平静或快乐是很困难的。)”可知，像情绪等非经济利益机会成本难以形容。D项：This is especially true when the opportunity cost is of non-financial benefit.(当机会成本是非经济利益时尤其如此。)符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）
With society’s high pressures to achieve, it’s understandable that individuals prefer to hide their weak points—but doing so comes at a cost.
I learned that lesson when I participated in a hiking expedition. As a new hiker, I struggled. The trip was difficult to me even without needing to carry my heavy camping packs. I was slowed down, yet I refused to tell my teammates in hopes that I would seem perseverant. To my delight and surprise, one of the more active members requested that we stop for a break. I quickly realized I wasn’t the only one hiding my weaknesses after noticing the rest of the team’s apparent relief.
For many of us, authenticity, or behaving as one’s true self in daily life, is quite challenging. As social beings, we’ve learned to adapt and fit into our environment, making it challenging to display who we are at times. Yet, the advantage of authenticity is evident, driving its recent popularity among thought leaders. Authenticity even improved my hiking experience—the moment my group admitted to our shortcomings was when we started working better as a team. So, can being ourselves not only help us work better, but help those who workaround us
The truth is, it can.
Researchers have found that not only did authentic workers have higher work engagement and lower work tiredness, but their teammates had the same results, regardless of whether they were genuine themselves. The results suggest that the benefits of authenticity go beyond the individual, and spread to teammates as well. So, we can improve our teammates’ work behavior by merely being ourselves.
Why does authenticity boost our teammates This is because authentic teammates do not prioritize protecting themselves at the cost of their work or relationships. Instead, they recognize the interests of both themselves and others when making decisions. This allows those they work with to feel safe while being themselves at work. By focusing lesson appearing hard-working in hopes to get ahead—and more on trying to be better all-around individuals—authentic teammates can make a great impact on their work environment.
40．How did the author feel when one team member asked for a rest during the hiking
41．Why is it hard for people to display their true selves
42．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
Authentic workers feel safe by being then selves at work, so authenticity boosts their teammates.
43．Apart from what is mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) do you think authenticity can bring to us (In about 40 words)
【答案】40．He felt happy and surprised./He felt relieved. 41．Because people have learned to adapt and fit into their environment. 42．Authentic workers feel safe by being themselves at work, so authenticity boosts their teammates.
Authentic workers make their workmates feel safe. 43．When we are authentic, we become more trustworthy, empathetic, and better able to connect with others. Additionally, authenticity can increase our overall well-being, as living in alignment with our true selves can lead to a greater sense of purpose, meaning, and fulfillment in life.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在社会压力巨大的情况下，个人倾向于隐藏自己的弱点是可以理解的，但这样做是有代价的。
40．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“To my delight and surprise, one of the more active members requested that we stop for a break. I quickly realized I wasn’t the only one hiding my weaknesses after noticing the rest of the team’s apparent relief.(令我又惊又喜的是，一个比较活跃的成员要求我们停下来休息一下。在注意到团队中其他人明显松了一口气后，我很快意识到我并不是唯一一个隐藏自己弱点的人。)”可知，在徒步旅行时，当有一位队员要求休息时，作者感到又惊又喜；同时根据下一句，团队中有人明显松了一口气可知，作者也感到放松了。故答案为He felt happy and surprised./He felt relieved。
41．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“For many of us, authenticity, or behaving as one’s true self in daily life, is quite challenging. As social beings, we’ve learned to adapt and fit into our environment, making it challenging to display who we are at times.(对我们中的许多人来说，在日常生活中，真实或表现出真实的自我是相当具有挑战性的。作为社会生物，我们已经学会了适应和融入我们的环境，有时展示我们内心是一个挑战。)”可知，我们之所以不愿意展示真实的自我是因为我们已经学会了适应和融入我们的环境。故答案为Because people have learned to adapt and fit into their environment。
42．考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“This is because authentic teammates do not prioritize protecting themselves at the cost of their work or relationships. Instead, they recognize the interests of both themselves and others when making decisions. This allows those they work with to feel safe while being themselves at work.(这是因为真诚的队友不会以牺牲自己的工作或人际关系为代价来优先保护自己。相反，他们在做决定时认识到自己和他人的利益。这让他们的同事在做自己的时候感到安全。)”可知，真诚的员工在工作中会认识到自己和他人的利益，这会让他们的同事感到安全。因此判断“Authentic workers feel safe by being themselves at work, so authenticity boosts their teammates.”中的“feel safe”是错误的，应该是真诚的员工让同事感到安全。故答案为Authentic workers feel safe by being themselves at work, so authenticity boosts their teammates.
Authentic workers make their workmates feel safe。
43．开放题。要求考生谈谈真实性还能给我们带来什么好处，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为When we are authentic, we become more trustworthy, empathetic, and better able to connect with others. Additionally, authenticity can increase our overall well-being, as living in alignment with our true selves can lead to a greater sense of purpose, meaning, and fulfillment in life。
第二节（20分）
（2023·北京平谷·统考一模）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim听说直播购物（live-stream shopping）在中国很流行，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你是否通过直播进行过购物；
2.你对直播购物的看法或感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Possible version
Dear Jim,
You’re quite right about live-stream shopping being popular in China. I’d like to share something about it with you.
I often buy things through live-stream shopping. For me, purchasing products through livestreaming has already become a habit. Firstly, it’s a more time-saving alternative than going to malls. Besides, the broadcasts enable us to communicate with the seller face-to-face, which is an advantage over only browsing the introduction pages. It’s just like shopping in the real stores. Third, it enables consumers to have a more intuitive and comprehensive understanding of the products. More importantly, it has also created millions of jobs and boosted E-commerce and express industry.
How about your live-stream shopping in Britain Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你是李华，你的英国好友Jim听说直播购物（live-stream shopping）在中国很流行，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：你是否通过直播进行过购物；你对直播购物的看法或感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：alternative→option/choice
此外：Besides→In addition
使能够：enable→capacitate
全面的：comprehensive→overall
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I often buy things through live-stream shopping.
拓展句：I often buy things through live-stream shopping, which has many benefits.
【点睛】[高分句型1] For me, purchasing products through livestreaming has already become a habit. (运用了动名词作主语)
[高分句型2] Besides, the broadcasts enable us to communicate with the seller face-to-face, which is an advantage over only browsing the introduction pages.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)2024年高考英语押题卷01（北京专用）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch. My company, like many companies, had 1 costs by not replacing people as they left. The survivors had to take up the work. For me and my co-workers, this meant no lunch hour. I wanted to quit, but given the economy, it was hard to find another job. I felt 2 . Then a conversation with a six-year-old girl changed my 3 .
The young girl was standing in line with her mom at the supermarket.
“Good day at school ” I asked.
A nod.
“What’s your favorite subject ”
“Lunch.”
I smiled. That had been my 4 too. At lunch, I could talk with my friends, draw pictures or play games. There were no adults to tell me what to do. The time was mine.
But what happened to lunch time now
I knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work. So I decided to 5 it. Our office was located in the downtown and I set out to 6 the area. A few blocks away was an art museum with free admission. At the end of another street, I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in a field.
At the beginning of my tours during lunch, I received some 7 stares from my co-workers, but I chose to ignore them. In fact, I watched in amazement that some of them started to 8 their work during lunch. 9 , we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics of conversation beyond the common complaints about work.
I’m still looking for a new position, but with less anxiety than before. If we can’t change our 10 , we can change our attitude.
1．A．counted B．cut C．paid D．raised
2．A．trapped B．fearful C．shocked D．hurt
3．A．work B．way C．view D．plan
4．A．decision B．explanation C．secret D．answer
5．A．take B．make C．find D．stop
6．A．explore B．measure C．develop D．identify
7．A．innocent B．determined C．sympathetic D．unpleasant
8．A．carry on B．take over C．put aside D．go through
9．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Accidentally D．Obviously
10．A．strategies B．circumstances C．responsibilities D．principles
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
（2023·北京海淀·三模）
Faced with health or nutrition questions, it is 11 (increase) common for people to go online and diagnose themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to remove the wrong advice, some of 12 is extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. It is worth examining 13 the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert. Remember, only officially recognized practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestions.
B
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）
My new book celebrates the power of mathematical thinking to get you to your goal 14 (success) without hours of labour. It’s your shortcut that mathematicians 15 me have come up with to your destination. Of course, while I 16 (produce) Thinking Better: The art of the shortcut, I read a good few books. Here’s a list of those that were the most influential in my journey to find the smartest ways of thinking.
C
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 17 (fail). But this shot felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 18 (pain), but I went at it anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 19 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 20 harmony.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（2023·北京房山·统考二模）General LRC rules
We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us.
● No eating or drinking
● No copying of audio cassettes
● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson.
● If you use it as a self-access student, you must scan your borrower barcode (issued by the library staff) when entering and leaving. The LRC is for use by Language Centre students only.
● All bags must be put in the bag-rack.
Please work quietly. This is a library and many students are studying for exams.
Photocopying
We have a photocopier available. Please ask the library staff to help you. The cost is 20c for one A4 sheet.
Borrowing from the LRC
Language Centre students are permitted to borrow materials from the library. Other schools’ students must use the facilities at their own schools.
Full-time students: Give your photo — ID card to the librarian and you will get an LRC number. Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash.
Loans
Language students can borrow up to 4 items (of which no more than 2 can be kits) at one time. Kits are bags containing book(s) plus cassette(s).
All teacher trainee students may borrow up to 3 items:
● Test materials 1 week
● Listening kits 1 week
● Most other books 2 weeks
Books marked REF in red are reference books and cannot be taken out of the library. Books marked REF in green may be removed by staff only.
Most items can be renewed once. Test materials cannot be renewed.
21．What can we learn from the passage
A．You can borrow and copy audio cassettes from the LRC．
B．The LRC can only be used by students studying for exams.
C．Students and teachers can photocopy materials at the LRC for free
D．Teachers are allowed to use the LRC when giving lessons to students.
22．According to the passage, part -time students at the Language Center _________.
A．can borrow at least four items at one time
B．should renew the test materials once a week
C．should pay a deposit before borrowing materials
D．can take books marked REF in red out of the library
23．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To explain how to use the LRC．
B．To recommend resources for language learning.
C．To present the different functions of school facilities.
D．To introduce how to borrow reference books from the LRC．
B
（2023·北京昌平·统考二模）Ever wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space Well, that is where my job as an instrument operations engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.
When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.
The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.
The highlight of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking images of the planet. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.
My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.
24．Why did the author apply to MIT
A．The majors in MIT interested her. B．Her mother urged her to go to MIT.
C．She set this goal as a high-schooler. D．A summer program made her love MIT.
25．What does the author think about her occupation
A．It’s easy to predict what she does. B．It’s hard for a girl to have such a career.
C．She is annoyed by being misunderstood. D．She is proud to work for human well-being.
26．What does the author value most in the Cassini mission
A．Its historic contributions. B．The team it brought together.
C．Breathtaking images of the planet. D．The opportunity to operate the cameras.
27．What can we learn from the story
A．Practice makes perfect. B．No way is impossible to courage.
C．Well begun is half done. D．Time lost cannot be won again.
C
（2023·北京海淀·统考二模）Even people who tend to think conventionally, such as accountants, can be creative, a recent study suggests, if they can look at emotional situations in a different light. In a set of experiments, researchers found that conventional thinkers came up with more creative ideas than peers after they practised “emotional reappraisal”. This means viewing a situation through another emotional lens, such as trying to see an anger-inducing event as one that is neutral or hopeful.
The study indicates that creativity is something that can be trained.“Whenever we break away from our existing perspective and try to think about something that’s different from our initial reaction, there’s a creative element to it. If we can practise or train that flexible-thinking muscle, it may help us be more creative over time,”said lead author Lily Zhu, an assistant professor at Washington State University.
For the study, Zhu and her colleagues conducted two similar experiments. In the first experiment with 335 people recruited through a crowdsourcing platform, the participants were first ranked on their openness levels and then shown a film scene designed to elicit (引起) anger. While viewing, they were given different instructions: to suppress their emotions, to think about something else to distract themselves or to try emotional reappraisal—looking at the scene through another lens. Some were also given no instruction on how to regulate their feelings.
After viewing the film, the participants were asked to come up with an idea to use an empty space in their building. Those ideas were then evaluated by a panel of experts who did not know anything about the participants. Ideas such as using the space for “napping capsules” were considered highly creative whereas ideas like opening a similar cafeteria as before were considered low in creativity.
The next experiment had a different group of 177 participants write about an experience that made them angry. They were then tasked with either writing about it again from a different emotional perspective or writing about something else as a distraction.
In both experiments, conventional thinking participants who tried emotional reappraisal came up with more creative ideas than other conventional thinkers who used suppression, distraction or no emotional regulation strategy at all. Notably, for participants who were considered creative thinkers to begin with, emotional reappraisal did not seem to have much effect on their creativity.
As to the implications of the study, Zhu suggested that supervisors in workplace should develop trainings to cultivate creative thinking skills in employees. Individuals can also practise emotional reappraisal when confronted with a crisis or challenge instead of suppressing negative emotions.
28．Which of the following is most probably an example of emotional reappraisal
A．Considering an occurrence objectively.
B．Taking one’s success as an opportunity.
C．Distracting oneself from an annoying event.
D．Regarding disappointment as a turning point.
29．From the study, we know that ________.
A．creative thinkers’ creativity was enhanced after practising emotional reappraisal
B．evaluating experts had adequate information about the research subjects
C．the research findings could be applied to the training of employees
D．the first experiment aimed to select the most creative design
30．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Change Feelings to Boost Creativity
B．Effective Strategies to Manage Emotions
C．Think Over to Explore Creative Potential
D．A New Way to Remove Negative Emotions
D
（2023·北京平谷·统考一模）Ask a smart home device for the weather forecast and it takes several seconds for the device to respond. This latency (延时) occurs as connected devices don’t have enough memory or power to store and run the enormous machine-learning models needed for the device to understand what a user is asking of it. The model is stored in a data center that may be hundreds of miles away, where the answer is computed and sent to the device.
MIT researchers have created a new method for computing directly on these devices, which drastically reduces this latency. Their technique shifts the steps of running a machine-learning model to a central server where components of the model are encoded onto light waves. The waves are sent to a connected device using fiber optics (纤维光学), which enables tons of data to be sent lightning-fast through a network. The receiver then employs a simple optical device that rapidly performs computations using the parts of a model carried by those light waves.
This technique leads to more than a hundredfold improvement in energy efficiency when compared to other methods. It could also improve security, since a user’s data do not need to be transferred to a central location for computation. This method could enable a self-driving car to make decisions in real-time while using just a tiny percentage of the energy currently required by power-hungry computers. It could also allow a user to have a latency-free conversation with their smart home device, be used for live video processing, or even enable high-speed image classification on a spacecraft millions of miles from Earth.
“Every time you want to run a neural network, you have to run the program, and how fast you can run the program depends on how fast you can pipe the program in from memory. Our pipe is massive — it corresponds to sending a full feature-length movie over the internet every millisecond or so. That is how fast data comes into our system. And it can compute as fast as that,” says professor Dirk England.
The neural network architecture involves storing weights in a central server that is connected to a novel piece of hardware called a smart transceiver. This smart transceiver, a thumb-sized chip(芯片), can receive and send data. Moving forward, the researchers want to update the smart transceiver chip to achieve even better performance.
31．What’s the paragraph 1 mainly about
A．The cause of the latency.
B．The effect of the latency.
C．The advanced smart device.
D．The models stored in a data center.
32．How does this new method reduce latency
A．By improving the parts of a model.
B．By using optics to speed up computations.
C．By computing directly in remote data centers.
D．By inventing a new machine-learning model.
33．The author mentions a self-driving car to ________.
A．introduce the impact of the latency
B．explain how data is quickly computed in this system
C．demonstrate the technique’s energy saving and safety
D．highlight the user’s satisfaction with modern technology
34．What can we infer from this passage
A．The new technique will be further improved.
B．Optics needs to be developed and used urgently.
C．The new computing architecture is very perfect.
D．The technique was developed to send movies over the internet.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·北京朝阳·统考二模）In our modern world, there are endless alternatives. Have you ever found yourself wondering whether you should quit or stay in your job, accept an offer or give it up for another There is a simple and practical method that solves this problem. 35 When you understand the concept, you have the power to measure every alternative with precision and make the right decision.
In the field of economics, opportunity cost is the value that you have to give up when you choose an option over another good option. 36 Every time you choose something, you give up other alternatives together with their financial benefits. It is not all the other options, but the most valued one that is defined as the opportunity cost.
37 Take the simple example of trying to decide whether to take public transportation for 80 minutes or to drive for 40 minutes. You might save on the cost of gas while riding the bus but double the trip length and miss out on other things you could have done during that time. 38 This is how you create priorities in your daily life.
Though useful in decision making, the biggest drawback of opportunity cost is that it’s often related to what’s hard to quantify. 39 After all, putting a number to your peaceful mind or happiness can be difficult.
Opportunity cost isn’t cut and dried. It varies from person to person. At the end of the day, you are in charge of what you own and what you want to gain.
A．It is about finding out the opportunity cost.
B．Weigh the losses and gains, and make your decision.
C．Opportunity cost matters not only in economics but also in real life.
D．This is especially true when the opportunity cost is of non-financial benefit.
E．The key principle underlying the idea is that there is no such thing as free lunch.
F．Most people overlook opportunity cost because the benefits are usually hidden from view.
G．It is the development of important skills that would help you move forward in your daily life.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
（2023·北京东城·统考二模）
With society’s high pressures to achieve, it’s understandable that individuals prefer to hide their weak points—but doing so comes at a cost.
I learned that lesson when I participated in a hiking expedition. As a new hiker, I struggled. The trip was difficult to me even without needing to carry my heavy camping packs. I was slowed down, yet I refused to tell my teammates in hopes that I would seem perseverant. To my delight and surprise, one of the more active members requested that we stop for a break. I quickly realized I wasn’t the only one hiding my weaknesses after noticing the rest of the team’s apparent relief.
For many of us, authenticity, or behaving as one’s true self in daily life, is quite challenging. As social beings, we’ve learned to adapt and fit into our environment, making it challenging to display who we are at times. Yet, the advantage of authenticity is evident, driving its recent popularity among thought leaders. Authenticity even improved my hiking experience—the moment my group admitted to our shortcomings was when we started working better as a team. So, can being ourselves not only help us work better, but help those who workaround us
The truth is, it can.
Researchers have found that not only did authentic workers have higher work engagement and lower work tiredness, but their teammates had the same results, regardless of whether they were genuine themselves. The results suggest that the benefits of authenticity go beyond the individual, and spread to teammates as well. So, we can improve our teammates’ work behavior by merely being ourselves.
Why does authenticity boost our teammates This is because authentic teammates do not prioritize protecting themselves at the cost of their work or relationships. Instead, they recognize the interests of both themselves and others when making decisions. This allows those they work with to feel safe while being themselves at work. By focusing lesson appearing hard-working in hopes to get ahead—and more on trying to be better all-around individuals—authentic teammates can make a great impact on their work environment.
40．How did the author feel when one team member asked for a rest during the hiking
41．Why is it hard for people to display their true selves
42．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
Authentic workers feel safe by being then selves at work, so authenticity boosts their teammates.
43．Apart from what is mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) do you think authenticity can bring to us (In about 40 words)
第二节（20分）
（2023·北京平谷·统考一模）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim听说直播购物（live-stream shopping）在中国很流行，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你是否通过直播进行过购物；
2.你对直播购物的看法或感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
