2024年高考英语押题卷01（上海专用）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension（第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．At a bookstore. B．At the train station. C．In a clock shop. D．On the street.
【答案】B
【原文】W: I’d like to book two train tickets to London tomorrow morning, after the rush hour.
M: No problem. Just give me a minute. There are three here at 9:00, 10:00 and 11:00.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place
2．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．Find a roommate. B．Move to a neat room.
C．Post an ad for a cleaner. D．Reply to an ad.
【答案】A
【原文】M: What we need is a roommate who is neat and clean.
W: Let’s write that in the advertisement: neatness is a must.
Q: What do the two speakers want to do
3．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．The woman missed the discount.
B．The woman isn’t qualified for the discount.
C．The woman fails to come to class on time.
D．The woman can’t join the new classes.
【答案】A
【原文】W: I’m only interested in the new classes, so how much of a discount is there on these 2 new classes
M: The same discount of 20% is being offered to everyone at the door on a first-come-first-serve basis for the first month. But you come too late.
Q: What does the man imply
4．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．They both prefer e-textbooks. B．The man is expecting printed textbooks.
C．The woman is against the use of tablets. D．Neither of them needs tablets.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Our school is replacing printed textbooks with e-textbooks next semester. I can’t wait.
W: Really But tablets have too many distractions.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation
5．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
A．Buy Daisy a new notebook.
B．Apologize to Daisy again by phone.
C．Go to see Daisy immediately.
D．Leave Daisy alone for the time being.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Daisy was annoyed yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go to see her and apologize again
W: Well, if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do
6．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
A．Their plans in the new semester.
B．The items they’re going to deliver.
C．Their part-time jobs in the vacation.
D．The daily routines they share at school.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Washing dishes at the cafeteria every day is really boring. There’re still three weeks to go before the new semester.
W: Why don’t you quit and deliver flowers with me
Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about
7．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）
A．The electronic toy is unique. B．The toy is safe for all users.
C．Plastic toys are of low quality. D．The toy isn’t environmentally friendly.
【答案】D
【原文】W: You made this electronic toy yourself. How wonderful! Any special features
M: It’s battery operated and safe for children. I made it with plastic. But it would really be better if I could make it out of old wood.
Q: What does the man imply about the toy
8．（2023·上海杨浦·统考一模）
A．She failed the driving test in the past.
B．She can’t believe the man failed.
C．The mtn should have practiced more.
D．The man should forget about the test.
【答案】D
【原文】M: I still can’t believe that I failed my driving test after days of practice
W: The past is in the past Just let it go
Q: What does the woman mean
9．（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）
A．Business Administration B．Environmental Science C．Computer Science D．Psychology
【答案】B
【原文】W: I’ve been thinking about furthering my studies. Considering a master’s degree.
M: That’s a big decision. What field are you thinking of
W: I’m leaning towards environmental science. It matches my love for sustainability.
M: That’s great! It seems that environmental biology and environmental chemistry are popular nowadays.
Q: What field is the woman considering for her master’s degree
10．（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）
A．Travel plans B．Career goals C．Relationship status D．Hobbies
【答案】B
【原文】M: Where do you see yourself in five years
W: Hopefully, running my own business. How about you
Q: What do they discuss regarding the woman’s future
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
11．A．They are beneficial to his mind.
B．They are helpful to his social relationship.
C．They can boost the toy industry.
D．They can attract attention to older people.
12．A．They only reduce loneliness.
B．They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.
C．They can’t improve specific skills.
D．They can’t help maintain independent living.
13．A．The necessity of developing toys for older people.
B．The type of toys that older people are interested in.
C．Toy makers’ effort to produce games for older people.
D．Different views on the effects of toys on older people.
【答案】11．A 12．D 13．D
【原文】
Toymakers are developing new games and changing old ones to target a different group: people over 65 years old. Toy producers suggest the products could help older people increase their brain skills as well as reduce loneliness. However, some experts have raised doubts about their claims.
Ben Swartz, 92, lives with his 85-year-old wife in a retirement community. He ran 14 toy stores in the 1970s. He has noticed some of the new offerings from the toy industry, and he approves of the moves. He plays games five days a week with his friends. He said the games help his mind, otherwise, he would worry that his “mind would start to go a little bit slow.”
While some scientists welcome toymakers paying attention to older buyers, they also warn of these products’ limitations. Neil Charness and Walter Boot, both of Florida State University, worked together to test the idea that brain games help preserve mental abilities such as reasoning or thinking. They found that people get better in the specific skills of the game if they play over and over again. But the games do not translate to mental abilities needed for everyday living activities, like maintaining independent living. The researchers also said that there is limited evidence to date that playing games can greatly reduce loneliness.
Questions:
11. What does Ben Swartz think of the toys for older people
12. What did some scientists find about the toys targeting old people
13. What is the talk mainly about
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）
14．A．$31. B．$71.
C．$1000. D．$4000.
15．A．She learns how to entertain others. B．She finds a person to chat with.
C．She needn’t dine alone. D．She feels relaxed.
16．A．A traditional Japanese man. B．An unusual job.
C．The outlook of rental service. D．The advantage of doing nothing.
【答案】14．B 15．D 16．B
【原文】
A resourceful Japanese man has found his dream job – getting paid for “doing nothing.” Shoji Morimoto, 38, a former publishing company worker, charges about $71 for simply being there for lonely folks, with about 4000 bookings over the past four years – making enough money to support his wife and child.
According to the Tokyo resident, “Basically, I rent myself out. My job is to be wherever my clients want me to be and to do nothing in particular.” His tasks have included a job simply riding a seesaw with one client at a local park, and sitting at a restaurant with Aruna Chida, a 27-year-old data analyst, who feared her Indian-style dress would embarrass her friends if she wore it in public. “With my friends, I feel I have to entertain them,” Chida said of Morimoto’s service. “But with the rental guy, I don’t feel the need to be chatty.”
Morimoto said he first got the idea after being repeatedly scolded for doing nothing while holding down his more traditional publishing job. “I started wondering what would happen if I provided my ability to ‘do nothing’ as a service to clients,” he said. “People tend to think that my ‘doing nothing’ is valuable because it is useful to other people. But it’s fine to really not do anything. People do not have to be useful in any specific way,” he added.
Questions
14. How much does Shoji Morimoto charge a client for his service
15. What does Aruna Chida say about being with Shoji Morimoto in public
16. What does this passage mainly talk about
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
17．A．A ghost story. B．The bears’ habits. C．A scary movie. D．The camping atmosphere.
18．A．They may get lost in the dark.
B．Their food may be stolen by bears.
C．Bears may mistake her for food.
D．There may appear ghosts in the woods.
19．A．Teach her wilderness first aid skills.
B．Share his rich camping experiences.
C．Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.
D．Distract her attention with ghost stories.
20．A．He dislikes watching movies.
B．He’s fond of being exposed to nature.
C．He’s got little experience in camping.
D．He believes there are no bears in the woods.
【答案】17．D 18．C 19．D 20．B
【原文】W: Roger, don’t you think being out in the woods at night is pretty scary
M: Not at all. Isn’t it great being out in nature I love breathing the fresh air and exercising.
W: Sure ... I guess it’s not so bad. You don’t think there are bears in these woods, do you
M: Of course there are! But don’t worry, bears are pretty shy and won’t hurt us. They only want to eat our food.
W: But what if the bears think that I am food
M: Don’t worry, Daphne, I know wilderness first aid. And I can tell ghost stories to take your mind off the bears.
W: Ghost stories It’s already pretty scary being out here in the dark.
M: Oh, there is nothing to be afraid of out here! You’re not scared of the dark, are you
W: Of course I’m not afraid of the dark. What I’m afraid of are all the things that are hiding out there in the dark! I keep hearing really strange noises out in the dark! Can you hear them
M: Calm down, Daphne! It’s just the wind! I don’t think you’re cut out for camping.
W: I know. Next time you want to do something fun, let’s do something in the city. I’ll be happy to buy you movie tickets as long as we don’t have to go camping again.
Questions:
17. What are the two speakers talking about
18. What is the woman worried about
19. What does the man intend to do to help the woman forget her worry
20. What can be learned about the man from the conversation
II.Grammar and Vocabulary（每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（2024·上海奉贤·统考一模）
The First Space Cat
In a few weeks, space scientists will celebrate a remarkable event — the 60th anniversary of the launch of the first cat into space, an astronautical success that has never been repeated.
In the early 60s, dogs and monkeys were the animals usually used by scientists to find out exactly 21 dangerous the conditions were in outer space. And they were also used to assess if humans 22 survive trips beyond the edge of Earth’s atmosphere.
A total of 14 street cats 23 (gather) at France’s space agency for selection as cat astronauts, but the cats were not given names on purpose in order to prevent scientists from becoming too fond of them. The cat selected to travel to space was simply known 24 C341. C341 flew on a French rocket in October 1963, taking it to a place 25 no cat had gone before.
Then, 26 the news of its flight was announced on 18 October 1963, the French press decided this cat had to have its name. They picked “Felix” after a cartoon cat character, only 27 (discover) that C341 was female, so her name was then adjusted to “Felicette” as a result. In putting Felicette in one of its rockets, France added a new species to the list of animals that scientists 28 (send) into space before. Previously, two garden spiders, Anita and Arebella, had been taken to the Skylab 29 (orbit) around the moon.
“In the 60s, 30 (concern) about the possible danger for a human to be in outer space, scientists and engineers primarily undertook animal space flights to see if they suffered or their lives were threatened by the weightlessness or increased radiation or other effects they might experience up there,” said astronomer Jake Foster at the Royal Observatory Greenwich. “The fact that they did not fail paved the way for humans to begin journeys into space.”
【答案】
21．how 22．could 23．were gathered 24．as 25．where 26．after 27．to discover 28．had sent 29．orbiting 30．concerned
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了第一只太空猫的相关情况。
21．考查宾语从句。句意：上世纪60年代初，科学家们通常用狗和猴子来探测外太空的危险程度。引导宾语从句，此处从句表示“多么危险”应用how dangerous。故填how。
22．考查情态动词。句意：它们还被用来评估人类是否能在地球大气层边缘以外的旅行中生存下来。后跟动词原形，根据上文were可知表示“能够”应用could。故填could。
23．考查时态语态。句意：法国航天局共挑选了14只流浪猫作为猫宇航员，但为了防止科学家们过于喜欢它们，这些猫没有被命名。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文were可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were gathered。
24．考查介词。句意：被选中去太空旅行的猫被简单地称为C341。短语be known as表示“被称为”。故填as。
25．考查定语从句。句意：1963年10月，C341乘坐法国的一枚火箭飞到了一个以前没有猫去过的地方。定语从句修饰先行词place，在从句作地点状语，用where。故填where。
26．考查状语从句。句意：1963年10月18日，在它飞行的消息公布后，法国媒体决定给这只猫取个名字。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”应用after。故填after。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们选择了卡通猫的名字“Felix”，却发现C341是雌性，因此她的名字被调整为“Felicette”。此处为only to do sth.，不定式作结果状语。故填to discover。
28．考查时态。句意：在将Felicette放入其中一枚火箭后，法国在科学家之前送入太空的动物名单上增加了一个新物种。此处从句表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had sent。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：此前，两只花园蜘蛛，安妮塔和阿雷贝拉，已经被带到绕月轨道运行的太空实验室。分析句子结构可知orbit与逻辑主语Skylab构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填orbiting。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意：格林尼治皇家天文台的天文学家杰克·福斯特说：“上世纪60年代，由于担心人类在外太空可能面临的危险，科学家和工程师主要对动物进行了太空飞行，看看它们是否会因失重或辐射增加或其他可能受到的影响而受到伤害或生命受到威胁。”短语be concerned about表示“担心”，此处过去分词作状语。故填concerned。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
（2024·上海奉贤·统考一模）
A．unanticipated B．moments C． evolved D．basically E. explored F. clearly G. navigate H. rituals I. integral J. access K. inspiring
Boat of PowerDragon boat racing began in China more than 2,000 years ago as part of a cultural community event to memorize the ancient poet, Qu Yuan. The traditional holiday was a time to perform 31 for good fortune and well-being, and to drive off evil spirits. Over time, dragon boat racing 32 into a global sport.
The Toronto-based Dragons Abreast team stands out at this sport for a few reasons. For one, the79-member team includes people ranging in age from 30 to 93. Prior to joining Dragons Abreast, some members hadn’t been part of a sports team since childhood and wouldn’t have described themselves as particularly athletic ones. And what has brought these women together is something 33 — living with breast cancer.
The breast cancer survivors on this team are in the same boat in every way. For many, being part of a community that knows 34 how life changes after breast cancer is as beneficial as the physical gains. The team offers a supportive space to 35 all the complexities of survivorship.
“I was so surprised at how 36 the racing was for me,” says Liz Johnston Hill, the race coordinator for Dragons Abreast. “It’s almost overwhelming how people encourage, no matter what.”
Being out on the water and connecting to the environment is an important aspect of dragon boating for many of the team members. They talk about how it provides 37 of peace and encourages mindfulness, something we could all use more of in our lives. Outside of dragon boat, the members are a(n) 38 part of each other’s life. “We’ve all been through 39 the same thing in our various ways,” says the race coordinator Liz Johnston Hill. While the number of breast cancer survivor teams grows, barriers to the sport remain such as cost, time, 40 to water and practice facilities and the lack of cultural and language diversity. But there are ongoing efforts to introduce more people living with breast cancer to dragon boat.
【答案】
31．H 32．C 33．A 34．F 35．G 36．K 37．B 38．I 39．D 40．J
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多一支龙舟队伍里全是患有乳腺癌的女性，这个团队的乳腺癌幸存者在各个方面都处于同一条船上。团队提供了一个支持性的空间来引导生存的所有复杂性。
31．考查名词。句意：这个传统节日是举行仪式祈求好运和幸福，驱除恶灵的时候。根据“for good fortune and well-being, and to drive off evil spirits”以及句意“仪式”可知应填复数名词rituals，故选H。
32．考查动词。句意：随着时间的推移，赛龙舟演变成了一项全球性的运动。根据“into a global sport”以及句意“演变”可知应填动词evolved，为一般过去时。故选C。
33．考查形容词。句意：让这些女性走到一起的是一件意想不到的事情——患有乳腺癌。根据“living with breast cancer”以及句意“意想不到”可知应填形容词unanticipated，作定语。故选A。
34．考查副词。句意：对许多人来说，成为一个清楚地知道乳腺癌后生活如何变化的社区的一部分，与身体上的收获一样有益。根据“how life changes after breast cancer”以及句意“清楚地”可知应填副词clearly，修饰动词know。故选F。
35．考查动词。句意：团队提供了一个支持性的空间来引导生存的所有复杂性。根据“all the complexities of survivorship”以及句意“引导”可知应填动词navigate，不定式作目的状语。故选G。
36．考查形容词。句意：“我很惊讶，这场比赛对我来说是多么的鼓舞人心，”Liz Johnston Hill说，她是Dragons并排比赛的协调员。根据“I was so surprised”以及句意“鼓舞人心”可知应填形容词inspiring，作表语。故选K。
37．考查名词。句意：他们谈到它如何提供平静的“时刻”，并鼓励正念，这是我们在生活中都可以更多使用的东西。根据“of peace and encourages mindfulness”以及句意“时刻”可知应填复数名词moments，作宾语。故选B。
38．考查形容词。句意：在龙舟之外，成员们是彼此生活中不可分割的一部分。根据“part of each other’s life”以及句意“不可分割的”可知应填形容词integral，作定语修饰名词part。故选I。
39．考查副词。句意：“我们基本上都以不同的方式经历过同样的事情，”比赛协调员利兹·约翰斯顿·希尔说。根据“the same thing in our various ways”以及句意“基本上”可知应填副词basically，作状语。故选D。
40．考查名词。句意：虽然乳腺癌幸存者团队的数量在增加，但这项运动的障碍仍然存在，如成本、时间、水和训练设施的获取以及缺乏文化和语言多样性。根据“to water and practice facilities”以及句意“获取”可知应填名词access，故选J。
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）Acupuncture(针灸), an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the remedy for countless patients for thousands of years. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to 41 pain. Over time, this primitive practice 42 evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system and 43 the root of acupuncture.
Acupuncture is a treatment that aims to 44 the body’s self-regulating functions. Its therapeutic principles are in line with the 45 concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, which emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, meridian(经络) adjustment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being.
Practices can 46 in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, the most common method, is 47 by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, 48 specific points on the body that 49 vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy; 50 yin and yang balance; and stimulate the body’s innate 51 to heal itself.
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global 52 . Over the years, acupuncture has seen many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now a mainstream 53 and complementary treatment for a variety of weaknesses. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 54 its widespread recognition and application.
As an ancient Chinese medical 55 with a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture is an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a holistic path to healing.
41．A．relieve B．resume C．release D．rebel
42．A．radically B．gradually C．reluctantly D．randomly
43．A．cultivated B．evaluated C．shaped D．eliminated
44．A．promote B．reflect C．alternate D．perform
45．A．occasional B．philosophical C．considerable D．mechanical
46．A．arise B．heal C．vary D．survive
47．A．taken over B．ended up C．figured out D．carried out
48．A．or B．and C．while D．with
49．A．block B．generate C．motivate D．channel
50．A．terrify B．stimulate C．reserve D．restore
51．A．willingness B．instinct C．potential D．nutrient
52．A．liberty B．therapy C．curiosity D．wonderland
53．A．proportion B．alternative C．procedure D．affection
54．A．illustrating B．predicting C．featuring D．nominating
55．A．assessment B．occupation C．practice D．obedience
【答案】
41．A 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．D 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．B 54．A 55．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了针灸的起源、实践、治疗原则以及在全球的广泛得到应用和认可。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在现代医学出现之前，古代中国人使用石器来缓解疼痛。A. relieve缓解；B. resume恢复职位；C. release释放；D. rebel反叛。根据上文“Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to”以及后文“pain”此处指用石器来缓解疼痛，故选A。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这种原始的做法逐渐演变成一个全面而深刻的医疗体系，并形成了针灸的根源。A. radically根本上；B. gradually逐渐地；C. reluctantly不情愿地；D. randomly随机地。根据上文“Over time”可知，这是一个逐渐演变的过程，故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这种原始的做法逐渐演变成一个全面而深刻的医疗体系，并形成了针灸的根源。A. cultivated培养；B. evaluated评估；C. shaped塑造；D. eliminated消灭。根据后文“ evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system”可知，用石器来缓解疼痛的做法形成了针灸的根源。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：针灸是一种旨在促进身体自我调节功能的治疗方法。A. promote促进；B. reflect反射；C. alternate交替；D. perform表演。根据后文“Its therapeutic principles are in line with the___5_____concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, which emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, meridian(经络) adjustment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being.”可知，针灸旨在促进身体自我调节功能。故选A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的治疗原则符合中医的哲学理念，强调包罗万象的治疗，经络调节，身体功能平衡和整体生理健康。A. occasional偶尔的；B. philosophical哲学的；C. considerable相当大的；D. mechanical机械的。根据后文“emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, meridian adjustment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being”可知，中医，强调包罗万象的治疗，经络调节，身体功能平衡和整体生理健康，属于哲学理念层面。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实践的形式多种多样，包括插针、拔罐和刮痧。A. arise产生；B. heal治愈；C. vary变化；D. survive生存。根据后文“including needle insertion, cupping and scraping”可知，针灸实践的形式多种多样，包括插针、拔罐和刮痧。故选C。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：针刺是最常见的方法，是将头发细的针插入经络，或身体上输送生命能量（气）的特定点。A. taken over接管；B. ended up结束；C. figured out弄清楚；D. carried out实施。根据后文“by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians”可知，针灸的实施方法最常见的是将头发细的针插入经络，故选D。
48．考查连词词义辨析。句意：针刺是最常见的方法，是将头发细的针插入经络，或身体上输送生命能量（气）的特定点。A. or或者；B. and和；C. while当……时候；D. with和。此处指经络或者是身体上输送生命能量（气）的特定点，为选择关系，故选A。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：针刺是最常见的方法，是将头发细的针插入经络，或身体上输送生命能量（气）的特定点。A. block阻塞；B. generate产生；C. motivate激励；D. channel引导。根据后文“vital energy (the qi)”可知，这些穴位是用来输送生命能量的。故选D。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生举起、捻弄和旋转针来疏通能量的流动；恢复阴阳平衡；刺激身体天生的自我治愈的潜力。A. terrify使害怕；B. stimulate刺激；C. reserve预定；D. restore恢复。根据后文“yin and yang balance”可知，针灸是为了恢复阴阳平衡。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生举起、捻弄和旋转针来疏通能量的流动；恢复阴阳平衡；刺激身体天生的自我治愈的潜力。A. willingness愿意；B. instinct本能；C. potential潜能；D. nutrient营养。根据上文“and stimulate the body’s innate”可知，针灸主要是刺激身体天生的自我治愈的潜力。故选C。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：放眼中国以外，针灸已经成为一种全球疗法。A. liberty自由；B. therapy治疗；C. curiosity好奇心；D. wonderland仙境。根据后文“Over the years, acupuncture has seen many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine.(多年来，针灸在科学研究和现代医学中取得了许多进步)”可知，针灸是一种治疗方法。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，它已成为治疗各种虚弱的主流替代疗法和辅助疗法。A. proportion份额；B. alternative替代物；C. procedure程序；D. affection喜爱。根据后文“and complementary treatment”针灸如今被作为替代疗法和辅助疗法。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据世卫组织2019年的一份报告，在其120个成员国中，有113个国家使用针灸，这表明针灸得到了广泛的认可和应用。A. illustrating解释，表明；B. predicting预测；C. featuring以……为特色；D. nominating提名。根据上文“acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries”可知，针灸疗法的广泛应用表明针灸得到了广泛的认可和应用。故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：针灸作为一种具有悠久历史和深厚文化内涵的中国古代医学实践，体现了深厚的文化底蕴和整体的治疗途径。A. assessment评估；B. occupation职业；C. practice实践；D. obedience服从。呼应上文“Over time, this primitive practice”指针灸是一种具有悠久历史和深厚文化内涵的中国古代医学实践，故选C。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
（2024·上海金山·统考一模）What’s UP Here, let’s take a look at some excellent book reviews for this month.
Dead Good DetectivesJenny McLachlan This is the story of a 12-year-old girl called Sid who loves playing horror games with her friends. But when she accidentally releases the ancient ghost pirate, Bones, Sid is launched into an adventure! However, there is someone hiding in the shadows, intended to send Bones back into the mysterious inn that he came from. This is a funny, exciting book that l would recommend to people who love lots of laughs.
TottyShirley Galligan To find his home, Totty the turtle goes on an impressive adventure with the help of his friends, and has different obstacles to overcome. He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net. My favourite part was when his friend, the whale, helped him out of the garbage mountain, and he was rescued by the Sea Turtle Rescue Centre. If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you!
Fact Book of The Month: AliensJoalda Morancy Ever wondered what incredible creatures might live beyond our planet This mind-blowing book teaches you everything about the search for alien lifeforms in our solar system and beyond. Meet the robots sent to Mars to look for Martians, find out how to spot an advanced alien civilization and discover what really goes on at Area 51! Do aliens exist And is it only a matter of time before we find them !
56．Who do you think are the intended readers of this column
A．Scientists and astronauts. B．Kids and teenagers.
C．Parents of middle school kids. D．Environmentalists.
57．John, who falls for what happens beyond Earth, will most probably buy ________.
A．Dead Good Detectives B．Totty
C．Fact Book of The Month: Aliens D．None
58．What may be the main idea of Totty
A．To praise the value of friendships.
B．To introduce various kinds of sea animals.
C．To encourage the spirits of overcoming difficulties.
D．To show how human behaviors affect sea creatures.
【答案】56．B 57．C 58．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三本书的大概内容。
56．推理判断题。根据内容可知Dead Good Detectives讲的是和朋友冒险的故事；Totty讲的是海洋动物的故事；而Fact Book of The Month: Aliens讲的是与外星生命有关的内容，由此可推知，儿童和青少年是本专栏的目标读者。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据Fact Book of The Month: Aliens部分中“Ever wondered what incredible creatures might live beyond our planet This mind-blowing book teaches you everything about the search for alien lifeforms in our solar system and beyond.(有没有想过在我们的星球之外生活着什么不可思议的生物？这本令人兴奋的书教你在太阳系内外寻找外星生命形式的一切)”可知，约翰爱上了地球之外发生的事情，他很可能会买Fact Book of The Month: Aliens。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据Totty部分中“To find his home, Totty the turtle goes on an impressive adventure with the help of his friends, and has different obstacles to overcome. He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net. My favourite part was when his friend, the whale, helped him out of the garbage mountain, and he was rescued by the Sea Turtle Rescue Centre. If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you!(为了找到他的家，乌龟托蒂在朋友的帮助下进行了一次令人印象深刻的冒险，并且有不同的障碍需要克服。他醒来时发现脖子上缠着一个塑料袋，他游过了漏油点，却被渔网缠住了。我最喜欢的部分是他的朋友，鲸鱼，帮助他走出垃圾山，他被海龟救援中心救了出来。如果你喜欢海洋动物，关心环境，那么这是一本很适合你的书！)”可知，《托蒂》的主旨是展示人类行为如何影响海洋生物。故选D。
B
（2024·上海长宁·统考一模）When I volunteered as a social worker at a domestic violence shelter in a developing country, I imagined the position for which my university experience had prepared me. I imagined conducting intake interviews and walking around from organization to organization seeking support that the women would need to rebuild their lives. When I arrived, I felt as if I already had months of experience, experience gained in the hypothetical situations I had invented and subsequently resolved single-handedly. I felt thoroughly prepared to tackle the situation I assumed was waiting for me.
I arrived full of zeal. Within moments, my reality made a sharp break from which I had expected. The coordinator explained that the shelter’s need for financial self-sufficiency had become obvious. To address this, the center was planning to open a bakery. I immediately enthused about the project, making many references to the small enterprise case studies I had researched at the university. In response to my impassioned reply, the coordinator declared me in charge of the bakery. At that moment, I was as prepared to bake bread as I was to run for political office. The bigger problem, however, was that I was completely unfamiliar with the for-profit business models necessary to run the bakery. I was out of my depth in a foreign river with only my coordinator’s confidence to keep me afloat.
They say that necessity is the mother of invention. I began finding recipes and using the expertise of friends. With their help making bread, printing leaflets and making contacts, the bakery was soon running successfully. After a short time it became a significant source of income for the house.
In addition to funds, baking bread provided a natural environment to work with and get to know the women of the shelter. Kneading dough (揉面团) side by side, I shared in the friendly atmosphere of the kitchen, treated to stories about their children and the towns and jobs they had to leave behind to ensure their safety. Baking helped me develop strong relationships with the women and advanced my understanding of their situations. It also improved the women’s self-esteem. Their ability to master a new skill gave them confidence in themselves, and the fact that the bakery contributed to the upkeep of the house gave the women a sense of pride and the confidence that they had the capability to support themselves.
Baking gave me the opportunity to work in a capacity I had not at all expected, but one that proved very successful. Learning to bake gave me as much newfound self-confidence as it gave the women, and I found that sometimes quality social work can be as simple as kneading dough.
59．The primary purpose of the passage is to show how the author .
A．was shocked by the reality
B．broadened the scope of her work
C．developed her abilities to run a for-profit enterprise
D．handled a tough situation in a developing country
60．The statement that the author arrived “full of zeal” indicates that she was .
A．anxious and insecure B．confident but uninformed
C．eager and interested D．enthusiastic but incompetent
61．Why was the author initially enthusiastic about the idea of the bakery
A．She considered it from a theoretical point of view.
B．She hoped to get a leadership position in the bakery.
C．She wanted to show her baking skills to her new coordinator.
D．She believed it is a good way to raise women’s self-esteem.
62．What did the last sentence (“Learning ... dough”) indicate
A．The author underestimated her abilities to learn new skills.
B．The author derived benefit from her work by helping others.
C．The author lacked self-confidence as much as the women working with her.
D．The author found performing social work surprisingly easy with no education.
【答案】59．B 60．C 61．A 62．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个发展中国家的家庭暴力庇护所担任志愿者的经历，她一开始满怀期待，想大展拳脚去帮助那些女性，但不久便发现自己的想法不切实际。在协调员的安排下，她开始着手经营面包店，虽然面临很大的困难，但是在协调员的鼓励以及朋友的帮助下，面包店的事业成功了，真正帮助到了这里的女性。
59．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕作者在发展中国家的家庭暴力庇护所担任志愿者的经历展开，讲述了她从满怀期待到发现自己的想法不切实际，再到着手经营面包店，解决难题，取得成功，真正帮助到了这里的女性的故事。由此可知，文章的主要目的是展示作者是如何扩大她的工作范围的。故选B项。
60．词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“When I arrived, I felt as if I already had months of experience, experience gained in the hypothetical situations I had invented and subsequently resolved single-handedly. I felt thoroughly prepared to tackle the situation I assumed was waiting for me. (当我到达时，我觉得我已经有了几个月的经验，这些经验是我在假想的情况下获得的，然后我独自解决了。我觉得自己已经做好了充分的准备，可以应对我认为正在等着我的局面)”可知，作者在达到的时候对自己满怀信心，觉得自己有充足的准备可以解决难题。由此推知，此处指她满怀热情地来到这里，full of zeal意思应该是“充满热情且很有兴趣”。故选C项。
61．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I immediately enthused about the project, making many references to the small enterprise case studies I had researched at the university. In response to my impassioned reply, the coordinator declared me in charge of the bakery. At that moment, I was as prepared to bake bread as I was to run for political office. (我立刻对这个项目产生了热情，并参考了我在大学里研究过的小企业案例。作为对我热情洋溢的反应的回应，协调员宣布我负责面包店。在那一刻，我准备烤面包，就像我准备竞选政治职位一样)”可知，作者最初热衷于面包店的想法，是因为她从理论的角度考虑了这个项目，觉得自己可以成功。故选A项。
62．推理判断题。根据全文最后一句“Learning to bake gave me as much newfound self-confidence as it gave the women, and I found that sometimes quality social work can be as simple as kneading dough. (学习烘焙给了我新的自信，就像它给了那些女人一样，我发现有时候高质量的社会工作就像揉面团一样简单)”可知，经营面包店获得成功，真正帮助了那些女人，让作者获得了自信。由此可知，作者通过帮助别人从她的工作中获益。故选B项。
C
（2024·上海杨浦·统考一模）Homing pigeons combine precise internal compasses and memorized landmarks to re-trace a path back to their lofts — even four years after the previous time they made the trip, a new study shows.
Testing nonhuman memory retention (保持) is challenging; in research studies, “it’s rare that there is a gap of several years between when an animal stores the information and when it is next required to retrieve it,” says University of Oxford zoologist Dora Biro. For a recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biro and her colleagues compared domestic homing pigeons’ paths three or four years after the birds established routes back to their loft from a farm 8.6 kilometers away. The study built on data from a 2016 experiment in which pigeons learned routes in different social contexts during several flights — on their own or with peers that did or did not know the way.
Using data from GPS devices temporarily attached to the birds’ backs, the researchers compared the flight paths a pack of pigeons took in 2019 or 2020, without the birds visiting the release site in between. Some birds missed a handful of landmarks along the way, but many others took “strikingly similar” routes to those they used in 2016, says Oxford zoologist and study co-author Julien Collet: “It was...as if the last time they flew there was just the day before, not four years ago.”
The team found that the pigeons remembered a route just as well if they first flew it alone or with others and fared much better than those that had not made the journey in 2016.
The result is not surprising, says Verner Bing-man, who studies animal navigation at Bowling Green State University and was not involved with the study. But it provides new confirmation of homing pigeons’ remarkable memory, he says: “It closes the distance a little bit between our self-centered sense of human intellectual abilities and what animals can do.”
63．The underlined word “retrieve” is closest in meaning to ________.
A．reserve B．return C．recover D．record
64．Which of the following conclusions may be found in the recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B
A．Pigeons remember specific routes home after years away.
B．Pigeons remember routes better when flying with others.
C．Pigeons can find their way back though taking different routes.
D．Pigeons can retrace the path home through an attached GPS device.
65．Which of the following is TRUE about the 2016 experiment
A．Oxford zoologist Julien Collet designed the experiment procedure.
B．GPS devices were attached permanently to collect data about flight routes.
C．The experiment was designed to eliminate pigeons that missed key landmarks.
D．Pigeons were made to fly from the release site to their lofts several times.
66．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Humans need to adopt a more rigid approach to pigeons’ memory.
B．Humans are blinded by superiority when it comes to animal intelligence.
C．Riddles about animals are too complex to be solved in the foreseeable future.
D．There have been mixed responses to the findings about pigeons’ memory.
【答案】63．C 64．A 65．D 66．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项新研究，证明了信鸽可以通过精确的内部指南针和记忆的地标来回到它们的鸽舍，即使是在它们上一次飞行的四年之后。研究人员使用GPS设备记录了信鸽的飞行路线，发现它们可以记住路线，即使是几年前学习的路线。这表明信鸽的记忆力非常出色，可以保持多年。该项研究提供了新的证据，可用于观察信鸽的记忆力。
63．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“it’s rare that there is a gap of several years between when an animal stores the information and when it is next required to”可知，动物储存信息和重新获得或找回信息之间有几年的间隔是很罕见的。故划线词意思是“重新获得，恢复”。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The team found that the pigeons remembered a route just as well if they first flew it alone or with others and fared much better than those that had not made the journey in 2016.(研究小组发现，如果鸽子第一次单独飞行或与其他鸽子一起飞行，它们对路线的记忆一样好，而且比2016年没有飞行的鸽子表现得好得多)”可知，鸽子在离家多年后还记得回家的路线。故选A。
65．细节理解题。根据第二段“For a recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biro and her colleagues compared domestic homing pigeons’ paths three or four years after the birds established routes back to their loft from a farm 8.6 kilometers away.(在最近发表在《英国皇家学会学报B辑》上的一项研究中，比罗和她的同事们比较了国内信鸽从8.6公里外的农场回到鸽舍的路线三到四年后的路径)”可知，D选项“鸽子从放生地点飞到鸽舍几次”正确。故选D。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But it provides new confirmation of homing pigeons’ remarkable memory, he says: “It closes the distance a little bit between our self-centered sense of human intellectual abilities and what animals can do.”(但它为信鸽非凡的记忆力提供了新的证据，他说：“它拉近了我们以自我为中心的人类智力能力与动物能力之间的距离。”)”可知，在动物智力方面，人类被优越感蒙蔽了双眼。故选B。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
（2024上·上海青浦·高三统考期末）How Young Americans Spend Their Money
Young people have always puzzled their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different; indeed, they are confusing. They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal. 67 As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes with conflicting features want and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.
Their absolute numbers are impressive. The European Union is home to nearly 125m people between the ages of ten (the youngest will become consumers in the next few years) and 34. America has another 110m of these Gen-Zs and millennials, a third of the population. The annual spending of households headed by American Gen-Zs and millennials hit $2.7trn in 2021, around 30% of the total.
68 Forrester, a market-research firm, found that most users of “buy now, pay later” apps are around 20. Megan Scott, a 20-year-old student from London, speaks for many of her peers by admitting that, when shopping, she has no self-control—until the bill arrives.
The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. A study by Salesforce, a business-software giant, found that Gen-Z Americans, who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour. 69
The Internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has given way to social media. Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear. 70 Such apps are increasingly adding features that allow users to shop without ever leaving the platform. According to McKinsey, six in ten Americans under the age of 25 had completed a purchase on a social-media site.
A．They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world.
B．TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame.
C．The lifestyle of the “moonlight clan” has made many young people feel overwhelmed.
D．Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water.
E．A heightened expectation of convenience comes with being raised in the age of Amazon.
F．These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture.
【答案】67．A 68．D 69．F 70．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人的购物方式和影响。
67．由上文“They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal. (他们的钱包很薄，品味很贵。他们看重便利和社会良知。他们希望购物是个性化的。)”和后文“As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes with conflicting features want and how they shop. (随着他们开始认真消费，各大品牌正试图了解这些特征相互矛盾的“行走悖论”想要什么，以及他们的购物方式。)”可知，本句也和上下句一样，以“They”为主语，论述年轻人的特点，故A选项“They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world. (他们渴望真诚，同时不断地沉浸在数字世界中。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
68．由下文“Forrester, a market-research firm, found that most users of “buy now, pay later” apps are around 20. Megan Scott, a 20-year-old student from London, speaks for many of her peers by admitting that, when shopping, she has no self-control—until the bill arrives. (市场研究公司Forrester发现，大多数使用“先买后付”应用程序的用户年龄在20岁左右。来自伦敦的20岁学生梅根·斯科特(Megan Scott)道出了许多同龄人的心声，她承认，在购物时，她没有自制力——直到账单来了。)”可知，本空要说跟“‘先买后付’导致花钱多”有关的话题，故D选项“Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water. (易于获得分散支付的手段可能会鼓励像喝水一样花钱。)”能概括下文，符合题意。故选D。
69．由上文“The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. (光速的网络世界似乎也降低了对长时间递送的容忍度。)”和“who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour.(更喜欢用手机支付购物费用的人，是所有年龄段中最有可能在一小时内送达食品杂货的人。)”可知，本空要说跟“在线购物”有关的话题，故F选项“These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture. (这些“永远在线的购买者”经常从每周的商店转向更快地修复从时尚到家具的一切。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
70．由上文“Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear. (Meta帝国的一部分Instagram和中国拥有的应用TikTok是年轻人寻找灵感的地方，尤其是在时尚、美容和运动服等外观重要的商品上。)”可知，本空要说跟“TikTok”有关的话题，故B选项“TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame. (TikTok的用户生成视频甚至可以让小品牌迅速走红。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。
IV. Summary Writing(共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
（2023·上海·一模）Are Oceans Silent
Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, respond to sound, and many can produce it. They use it to hunt and to hide, find mates and food, send messages and give warnings, establish territories, warn off competitors, confuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions. Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. Far from the ‘silent deep’, the oceans are so noisy.
Into this age-long confused noise, in the blink of an evolutionary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sound of mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the world’s shipping courses. Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may not sound like much in overall terms, but it is enough, according to many marine biologists, to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business. At its most intense, some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented, dolphins to suffer from ‘the bends’, fish to go deaf, leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.
“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern, but taken all together, the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even 50 years ago. That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping impact on life in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Oceans are never silent as marine creatures mostly produce various sounds to go about their businesses. Now oceans are getting even noisier as humans do more activities there. The resulting noise is loud enough to change the environment and exercise a disturbing impact on marine life.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋里不平静的原因是生物会发出各种声音去进行它们自己的事情，随着人类在海洋中的活动越来越多，海洋也变得越来越嘈杂，由此产生的噪音污染对生物产生了不良的影响。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Marine animals can produce various noises, making the ocean noisy.
②There are various noises made by human behaviors.
③Undersea noise pollution cause a disturbing impact on marine life.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The oceans are so noisy that they are far from the ‘silent deep’.
Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, not only respond to sound, but also can produce it.
That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping influence on marine animals.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句作为事实佐证了第二段的论点。其中that引导的宾语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. 运用了并列的动词短语是对第一段的论点进行的举例说明。其中并列短语和不定式做目的状语的运用表达高级。
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72.（2024·上海杨浦·统考一模）许多年过去了，他才渐渐淡忘人生中那尴尬的一幕：在大庭广众之下，他看到血晕倒了。（where）（汉译英）
【答案】Years had passed before he gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life where he fainted at the sight of blood in public/before a big crowd.
It was many years before he gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life where he fainted at the sight of blood in public/before a big crowd
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“许多年过去了”可翻译为Years had passed before或It was many years before；从句主语为he，表示“渐渐淡忘人生中那尴尬的一幕”翻译为gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life，后跟where引导的定语从句，表示“在大庭广众之下”翻译为in public或before a big crowd；表示“他看到血晕倒了”翻译以为he fainted at the sight of blood或at the sight of blood，为一般过去时。故翻译为Years had passed before he gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life where he fainted at the sight of blood in public/before a big crowd.
It was many years before he gradually forgot that embarrassing episode in his life where he fainted at the sight of blood in public/before a big crowd
73．（2024上·上海青浦·高三统考期末）我们都没有想到，那个曾经腼腆的男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁。 (It) (汉译英)
【答案】It never occurred to us that the boy who used to be/was shy should win the first prize in the speech contest.
【详解】考查时态、固定句型、定语从句。it occurs to sb that “（某人）想到……”为固定句型，结合句意“我们都没有想到”可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，故用It never occurred to us that，其中It为形式主语，that引导主语从句。主语从句中，表示“那个男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁”用the boy should win the first prize in the speech contest。表示“曾经腼腆的”用定语从句who used to be/was shy，先行词是the boy，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故翻译为It never occurred to us that the boy who used to be/was shy should win the first prize in the speech contest.
74．（2024·上海奉贤·统考一模）李教授很看重出勤率，所以你们要准时上课，可别耍小聪明逃课。(instead of) (汉译英)
【答案】Professor Lee attaches great importance to / puts great emphasis on / greatly emphasizes attendance (rate), so you should have classes on time instead of playing tricks to skip them.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、非谓语动词。表示“李教授”用Professor Lee，作主语。表示“很看重”用attach great importance to/ put great emphasis on/ greatly emphasize attendance (rate)，结合句意可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语Professor Lee为第三人称单数，可知本题谓语用第三人称单数。表示“所以”用so，连接两个句子。表示“你们要准时上课”用you should have classes on time。“可别耍小聪明逃课”可以理解为“而不是耍花招逃课”，表示“而不是”用instead of；表示“耍花招逃课”用play tricks to skip them，其中them指代前文的classes；位于介词of后，故用动名词playing，作宾语。故翻译为Professor Lee attaches great importance to / puts great emphasis on / greatly emphasizes attendance (rate), so you should have classes on time instead of playing tricks to skip them.
75．（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）只要这项研究的结果能够应用于新技术的开发，我们的努力就会得到回报。(so long as) (汉译英)
【答案】So long as the results of this research can be applied to the development of new technologies, our efforts will be rewarded.
【详解】考查状语从句和动词。表示“只要”用so long as，其引导条件状语从句，时态符合“主将从现”。表示“研究的结果”用the results of this research；表示“能够应用于新技术的开发”用can be applied to the development of new technologies，此处构成情态动词的被动语态；表示“我们的努力就会得到回报”用our efforts will be rewarded，此处表示将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时，同时our efforts与reward之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。故翻译为So long as the results of this research can be applied to the development of new technologies, our efforts will be rewarded.
VI.Guided Writing(共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
（2023上·上海普陀·高三统考期末）假设你是明启中学高三学生吴磊，你的英国朋友迈克尔(Michael)来信说他打算参加所在城市伦敦举办的中国文化节活动，并在活动中用汉语介绍中国文化，但他似乎信心不足，且就主题的选择犹豫不决。请你从下列主题中推荐一项：中国传统节日、中国文字发展、中国民族音乐。请你给他回信，内容需包括：
1. 帮助他树立信心；
2. 你的推荐及理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I heard that you plan to participate in the Chinese Culture Festival held in London. In the event, you need to introduce Chinese culture in Chinese, but it seems that you lack confidence and are hesitant about choosing the theme. So I want to give you some advice, hoping it can be helpful to you.
You studied in China for one year, during which you gained an understanding of Chinese culture. I remember you once participated in a Chinese cultural knowledge competition held for foreign students, and you achieved excellent results. So you have the ability to perform excellently in this event. When you were in China, you preferred to learn about traditional Chinese festivals and you have personally experienced the Chinese Spring Festival in China. You really like the customs of the Spring Festival and even made dumplings yourself. So you can choose traditional Chinese festivals as the theme you want to introduce. I believe you can do it very well.
If you have any questions, you can ask me. I am always ready to help you.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国朋友迈克尔打算参加伦敦举办的中国文化节，并用中文介绍中国的文化，但他信心不足，无法选择主题。要求考生给迈克尔写一份信帮助他建立信心，并推荐介绍的主题。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加： participate in→take part in
举办：hold→host
建议：advice→suggestion
帮助某人：help sb.→give sb. a hand
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So I want to give you some advice, hoping it can be helpful to you.
拓展句：So I want to give you some advice, which I hope can be helpful to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 You studied in China for one year, during which you gained an understanding of Chinese culture. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】When you were in China, you preferred to learn about traditional Chinese festivals and you have personally experienced the Chinese Spring Festival in China. （运用了when引导的时间状语从句）2024年高考英语押题卷01（上海专用）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension（第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．At a bookstore. B．At the train station. C．In a clock shop. D．On the street.
2．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．Find a roommate. B．Move to a neat room.
C．Post an ad for a cleaner. D．Reply to an ad.
3．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．The woman missed the discount.
B．The woman isn’t qualified for the discount.
C．The woman fails to come to class on time.
D．The woman can’t join the new classes.
4．（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）
A．They both prefer e-textbooks. B．The man is expecting printed textbooks.
C．The woman is against the use of tablets. D．Neither of them needs tablets.
5．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
A．Buy Daisy a new notebook.
B．Apologize to Daisy again by phone.
C．Go to see Daisy immediately.
D．Leave Daisy alone for the time being.
6．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
A．Their plans in the new semester.
B．The items they’re going to deliver.
C．Their part-time jobs in the vacation.
D．The daily routines they share at school.
7．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）
A．The electronic toy is unique. B．The toy is safe for all users.
C．Plastic toys are of low quality. D．The toy isn’t environmentally friendly.
8．（2023·上海杨浦·统考一模）
A．She failed the driving test in the past.
B．She can’t believe the man failed.
C．The mtn should have practiced more.
D．The man should forget about the test.
9．（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）
A．Business Administration B．Environmental Science C．Computer Science D．Psychology
10．（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）
A．Travel plans B．Career goals C．Relationship status D．Hobbies
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
11．A．They are beneficial to his mind.
B．They are helpful to his social relationship.
C．They can boost the toy industry.
D．They can attract attention to older people.
12．A．They only reduce loneliness.
B．They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.
C．They can’t improve specific skills.
D．They can’t help maintain independent living.
13．A．The necessity of developing toys for older people.
B．The type of toys that older people are interested in.
C．Toy makers’ effort to produce games for older people.
D．Different views on the effects of toys on older people.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）
14．A．$31. B．$71.
C．$1000. D．$4000.
15．A．She learns how to entertain others. B．She finds a person to chat with.
C．She needn’t dine alone. D．She feels relaxed.
16．A．A traditional Japanese man. B．An unusual job.
C．The outlook of rental service. D．The advantage of doing nothing.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）
17．A．A ghost story. B．The bears’ habits. C．A scary movie. D．The camping atmosphere.
18．A．They may get lost in the dark.
B．Their food may be stolen by bears.
C．Bears may mistake her for food.
D．There may appear ghosts in the woods.
19．A．Teach her wilderness first aid skills.
B．Share his rich camping experiences.
C．Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.
D．Distract her attention with ghost stories.
20．A．He dislikes watching movies.
B．He’s fond of being exposed to nature.
C．He’s got little experience in camping.
D．He believes there are no bears in the woods.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary（每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（2024·上海奉贤·统考一模）
The First Space Cat
In a few weeks, space scientists will celebrate a remarkable event — the 60th anniversary of the launch of the first cat into space, an astronautical success that has never been repeated.
In the early 60s, dogs and monkeys were the animals usually used by scientists to find out exactly 21 dangerous the conditions were in outer space. And they were also used to assess if humans 22 survive trips beyond the edge of Earth’s atmosphere.
A total of 14 street cats 23 (gather) at France’s space agency for selection as cat astronauts, but the cats were not given names on purpose in order to prevent scientists from becoming too fond of them. The cat selected to travel to space was simply known 24 C341. C341 flew on a French rocket in October 1963, taking it to a place 25 no cat had gone before.
Then, 26 the news of its flight was announced on 18 October 1963, the French press decided this cat had to have its name. They picked “Felix” after a cartoon cat character, only 27 (discover) that C341 was female, so her name was then adjusted to “Felicette” as a result. In putting Felicette in one of its rockets, France added a new species to the list of animals that scientists 28 (send) into space before. Previously, two garden spiders, Anita and Arebella, had been taken to the Skylab 29 (orbit) around the moon.
“In the 60s, 30 (concern) about the possible danger for a human to be in outer space, scientists and engineers primarily undertook animal space flights to see if they suffered or their lives were threatened by the weightlessness or increased radiation or other effects they might experience up there,” said astronomer Jake Foster at the Royal Observatory Greenwich. “The fact that they did not fail paved the way for humans to begin journeys into space.”
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
（2024·上海奉贤·统考一模）
A．unanticipated B．moments C． evolved D．basically E. explored F. clearly G. navigate H. rituals I. integral J. access K. inspiring
Boat of PowerDragon boat racing began in China more than 2,000 years ago as part of a cultural community event to memorize the ancient poet, Qu Yuan. The traditional holiday was a time to perform 31 for good fortune and well-being, and to drive off evil spirits. Over time, dragon boat racing 32 into a global sport.
The Toronto-based Dragons Abreast team stands out at this sport for a few reasons. For one, the79-member team includes people ranging in age from 30 to 93. Prior to joining Dragons Abreast, some members hadn’t been part of a sports team since childhood and wouldn’t have described themselves as particularly athletic ones. And what has brought these women together is something 33 — living with breast cancer.
The breast cancer survivors on this team are in the same boat in every way. For many, being part of a community that knows 34 how life changes after breast cancer is as beneficial as the physical gains. The team offers a supportive space to 35 all the complexities of survivorship.
“I was so surprised at how 36 the racing was for me,” says Liz Johnston Hill, the race coordinator for Dragons Abreast. “It’s almost overwhelming how people encourage, no matter what.”
Being out on the water and connecting to the environment is an important aspect of dragon boating for many of the team members. They talk about how it provides 37 of peace and encourages mindfulness, something we could all use more of in our lives. Outside of dragon boat, the members are a(n) 38 part of each other’s life. “We’ve all been through 39 the same thing in our various ways,” says the race coordinator Liz Johnston Hill. While the number of breast cancer survivor teams grows, barriers to the sport remain such as cost, time, 40 to water and practice facilities and the lack of cultural and language diversity. But there are ongoing efforts to introduce more people living with breast cancer to dragon boat.
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）Acupuncture(针灸), an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the remedy for countless patients for thousands of years. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to 41 pain. Over time, this primitive practice 42 evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system and 43 the root of acupuncture.
Acupuncture is a treatment that aims to 44 the body’s self-regulating functions. Its therapeutic principles are in line with the 45 concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, which emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, meridian(经络) adjustment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being.
Practices can 46 in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, the most common method, is 47 by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, 48 specific points on the body that 49 vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy; 50 yin and yang balance; and stimulate the body’s innate 51 to heal itself.
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global 52 . Over the years, acupuncture has seen many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now a mainstream 53 and complementary treatment for a variety of weaknesses. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 54 its widespread recognition and application.
As an ancient Chinese medical 55 with a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture is an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a holistic path to healing.
41．A．relieve B．resume C．release D．rebel
42．A．radically B．gradually C．reluctantly D．randomly
43．A．cultivated B．evaluated C．shaped D．eliminated
44．A．promote B．reflect C．alternate D．perform
45．A．occasional B．philosophical C．considerable D．mechanical
46．A．arise B．heal C．vary D．survive
47．A．taken over B．ended up C．figured out D．carried out
48．A．or B．and C．while D．with
49．A．block B．generate C．motivate D．channel
50．A．terrify B．stimulate C．reserve D．restore
51．A．willingness B．instinct C．potential D．nutrient
52．A．liberty B．therapy C．curiosity D．wonderland
53．A．proportion B．alternative C．procedure D．affection
54．A．illustrating B．predicting C．featuring D．nominating
55．A．assessment B．occupation C．practice D．obedience
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
（2024·上海金山·统考一模）What’s UP Here, let’s take a look at some excellent book reviews for this month.
Dead Good DetectivesJenny McLachlan This is the story of a 12-year-old girl called Sid who loves playing horror games with her friends. But when she accidentally releases the ancient ghost pirate, Bones, Sid is launched into an adventure! However, there is someone hiding in the shadows, intended to send Bones back into the mysterious inn that he came from. This is a funny, exciting book that l would recommend to people who love lots of laughs.
TottyShirley Galligan To find his home, Totty the turtle goes on an impressive adventure with the help of his friends, and has different obstacles to overcome. He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net. My favourite part was when his friend, the whale, helped him out of the garbage mountain, and he was rescued by the Sea Turtle Rescue Centre. If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you!
Fact Book of The Month: AliensJoalda Morancy Ever wondered what incredible creatures might live beyond our planet This mind-blowing book teaches you everything about the search for alien lifeforms in our solar system and beyond. Meet the robots sent to Mars to look for Martians, find out how to spot an advanced alien civilization and discover what really goes on at Area 51! Do aliens exist And is it only a matter of time before we find them !
56．Who do you think are the intended readers of this column
A．Scientists and astronauts. B．Kids and teenagers.
C．Parents of middle school kids. D．Environmentalists.
57．John, who falls for what happens beyond Earth, will most probably buy ________.
A．Dead Good Detectives B．Totty
C．Fact Book of The Month: Aliens D．None
58．What may be the main idea of Totty
A．To praise the value of friendships.
B．To introduce various kinds of sea animals.
C．To encourage the spirits of overcoming difficulties.
D．To show how human behaviors affect sea creatures.
B
（2024·上海长宁·统考一模）When I volunteered as a social worker at a domestic violence shelter in a developing country, I imagined the position for which my university experience had prepared me. I imagined conducting intake interviews and walking around from organization to organization seeking support that the women would need to rebuild their lives. When I arrived, I felt as if I already had months of experience, experience gained in the hypothetical situations I had invented and subsequently resolved single-handedly. I felt thoroughly prepared to tackle the situation I assumed was waiting for me.
I arrived full of zeal. Within moments, my reality made a sharp break from which I had expected. The coordinator explained that the shelter’s need for financial self-sufficiency had become obvious. To address this, the center was planning to open a bakery. I immediately enthused about the project, making many references to the small enterprise case studies I had researched at the university. In response to my impassioned reply, the coordinator declared me in charge of the bakery. At that moment, I was as prepared to bake bread as I was to run for political office. The bigger problem, however, was that I was completely unfamiliar with the for-profit business models necessary to run the bakery. I was out of my depth in a foreign river with only my coordinator’s confidence to keep me afloat.
They say that necessity is the mother of invention. I began finding recipes and using the expertise of friends. With their help making bread, printing leaflets and making contacts, the bakery was soon running successfully. After a short time it became a significant source of income for the house.
In addition to funds, baking bread provided a natural environment to work with and get to know the women of the shelter. Kneading dough (揉面团) side by side, I shared in the friendly atmosphere of the kitchen, treated to stories about their children and the towns and jobs they had to leave behind to ensure their safety. Baking helped me develop strong relationships with the women and advanced my understanding of their situations. It also improved the women’s self-esteem. Their ability to master a new skill gave them confidence in themselves, and the fact that the bakery contributed to the upkeep of the house gave the women a sense of pride and the confidence that they had the capability to support themselves.
Baking gave me the opportunity to work in a capacity I had not at all expected, but one that proved very successful. Learning to bake gave me as much newfound self-confidence as it gave the women, and I found that sometimes quality social work can be as simple as kneading dough.
59．The primary purpose of the passage is to show how the author .
A．was shocked by the reality
B．broadened the scope of her work
C．developed her abilities to run a for-profit enterprise
D．handled a tough situation in a developing country
60．The statement that the author arrived “full of zeal” indicates that she was .
A．anxious and insecure B．confident but uninformed
C．eager and interested D．enthusiastic but incompetent
61．Why was the author initially enthusiastic about the idea of the bakery
A．She considered it from a theoretical point of view.
B．She hoped to get a leadership position in the bakery.
C．She wanted to show her baking skills to her new coordinator.
D．She believed it is a good way to raise women’s self-esteem.
62．What did the last sentence (“Learning ... dough”) indicate
A．The author underestimated her abilities to learn new skills.
B．The author derived benefit from her work by helping others.
C．The author lacked self-confidence as much as the women working with her.
D．The author found performing social work surprisingly easy with no education.
C
（2024·上海杨浦·统考一模）Homing pigeons combine precise internal compasses and memorized landmarks to re-trace a path back to their lofts — even four years after the previous time they made the trip, a new study shows.
Testing nonhuman memory retention (保持) is challenging; in research studies, “it’s rare that there is a gap of several years between when an animal stores the information and when it is next required to retrieve it,” says University of Oxford zoologist Dora Biro. For a recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biro and her colleagues compared domestic homing pigeons’ paths three or four years after the birds established routes back to their loft from a farm 8.6 kilometers away. The study built on data from a 2016 experiment in which pigeons learned routes in different social contexts during several flights — on their own or with peers that did or did not know the way.
Using data from GPS devices temporarily attached to the birds’ backs, the researchers compared the flight paths a pack of pigeons took in 2019 or 2020, without the birds visiting the release site in between. Some birds missed a handful of landmarks along the way, but many others took “strikingly similar” routes to those they used in 2016, says Oxford zoologist and study co-author Julien Collet: “It was...as if the last time they flew there was just the day before, not four years ago.”
The team found that the pigeons remembered a route just as well if they first flew it alone or with others and fared much better than those that had not made the journey in 2016.
The result is not surprising, says Verner Bing-man, who studies animal navigation at Bowling Green State University and was not involved with the study. But it provides new confirmation of homing pigeons’ remarkable memory, he says: “It closes the distance a little bit between our self-centered sense of human intellectual abilities and what animals can do.”
63．The underlined word “retrieve” is closest in meaning to ________.
A．reserve B．return C．recover D．record
64．Which of the following conclusions may be found in the recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B
A．Pigeons remember specific routes home after years away.
B．Pigeons remember routes better when flying with others.
C．Pigeons can find their way back though taking different routes.
D．Pigeons can retrace the path home through an attached GPS device.
65．Which of the following is TRUE about the 2016 experiment
A．Oxford zoologist Julien Collet designed the experiment procedure.
B．GPS devices were attached permanently to collect data about flight routes.
C．The experiment was designed to eliminate pigeons that missed key landmarks.
D．Pigeons were made to fly from the release site to their lofts several times.
66．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Humans need to adopt a more rigid approach to pigeons’ memory.
B．Humans are blinded by superiority when it comes to animal intelligence.
C．Riddles about animals are too complex to be solved in the foreseeable future.
D．There have been mixed responses to the findings about pigeons’ memory.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
（2024上·上海青浦·高三统考期末）How Young Americans Spend Their Money
Young people have always puzzled their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different; indeed, they are confusing. They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal. 67 As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes with conflicting features want and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.
Their absolute numbers are impressive. The European Union is home to nearly 125m people between the ages of ten (the youngest will become consumers in the next few years) and 34. America has another 110m of these Gen-Zs and millennials, a third of the population. The annual spending of households headed by American Gen-Zs and millennials hit $2.7trn in 2021, around 30% of the total.
68 Forrester, a market-research firm, found that most users of “buy now, pay later” apps are around 20. Megan Scott, a 20-year-old student from London, speaks for many of her peers by admitting that, when shopping, she has no self-control—until the bill arrives.
The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. A study by Salesforce, a business-software giant, found that Gen-Z Americans, who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour. 69
The Internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has given way to social media. Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear. 70 Such apps are increasingly adding features that allow users to shop without ever leaving the platform. According to McKinsey, six in ten Americans under the age of 25 had completed a purchase on a social-media site.
A．They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world.
B．TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame.
C．The lifestyle of the “moonlight clan” has made many young people feel overwhelmed.
D．Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water.
E．A heightened expectation of convenience comes with being raised in the age of Amazon.
F．These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture.
IV. Summary Writing(共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
（2023·上海·一模）Are Oceans Silent
Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, respond to sound, and many can produce it. They use it to hunt and to hide, find mates and food, send messages and give warnings, establish territories, warn off competitors, confuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions. Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. Far from the ‘silent deep’, the oceans are so noisy.
Into this age-long confused noise, in the blink of an evolutionary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sound of mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the world’s shipping courses. Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may not sound like much in overall terms, but it is enough, according to many marine biologists, to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business. At its most intense, some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented, dolphins to suffer from ‘the bends’, fish to go deaf, leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.
“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern, but taken all together, the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even 50 years ago. That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping impact on life in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72.（2024·上海杨浦·统考一模）许多年过去了，他才渐渐淡忘人生中那尴尬的一幕：在大庭广众之下，他看到血晕倒了。（where）（汉译英）
73．（2024上·上海青浦·高三统考期末）我们都没有想到，那个曾经腼腆的男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁。 (It) (汉译英)
74．（2024·上海奉贤·统考一模）李教授很看重出勤率，所以你们要准时上课，可别耍小聪明逃课。(instead of) (汉译英)
75．（2024·上海徐汇·统考一模）只要这项研究的结果能够应用于新技术的开发，我们的努力就会得到回报。(so long as) (汉译英)
VI.Guided Writing(共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
（2023上·上海普陀·高三统考期末）假设你是明启中学高三学生吴磊，你的英国朋友迈克尔(Michael)来信说他打算参加所在城市伦敦举办的中国文化节活动，并在活动中用汉语介绍中国文化，但他似乎信心不足，且就主题的选择犹豫不决。请你从下列主题中推荐一项：中国传统节日、中国文字发展、中国民族音乐。请你给他回信，内容需包括：
1. 帮助他树立信心；
2. 你的推荐及理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
