2023-2024学年度高二上学期第一次月考英语科试卷
满分：150分 答题时间：120分钟
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Inspired by his mentor Louis Sullivan, an influential figure in the world of modernist architecture, Frank Lloyd Wright coined the term ‘organic architecture’ around 1908.
Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.
Casa Milà
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Year of completion:1910
Architect: Antoni Gaudi
Considered the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism, Antoni Gaudi was devoted to nature and the Catholic religion. While he originally intended this organic building to have a religious purpose, it is now an apartment building. True to the organic style, it features honey shapes that seemingly emerge from the earth.
Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
Location: Singapore
Year of completion:2015
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Earning the nicknames ‘dim sum basket building’ and ‘the Hive’, the Learning Hub consists of 12 eight-storey towers arranged around a public atrium. The organic nature of the building extends to its interior with features like gardens that are intended to encourage social interactions and study among students.
Falling Water
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Year of completion:1939
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
A classic of modernism and organic architecture, Falling Water sits on top of a waterfall. Frank Lloyd Wright designed it for the Kaufmann family who-though they had originally hoped for a view of the waterfall-came to love the home.
East Beach Café
Location: Littlehampton, UK
Year of completion:2007
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Located in a seaside area with an industrial history, East Beach Cafe resembles (像) a piece of driftwood. Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community. It was the first building for Thomas Heatherwick who previously was better known as a sculptor.
21. Which building has the longest history
A. Casa Milà. B. Learning Hub at NTU. C. Falling Water. D. East Beach Cafe.
22. What can we learn about East Beach Café
A. It remains floating on the sea. B. It serves to encourage social interactions.
C. It was not accepted by all the locals initially. D. It was originally intended for a particular family.
23. Which of the following magazines is the text probably taken from
A. Natural World B. Architectural Digest
C. Organic Gardening D. Extraordinary Figures
B
As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.
24. What made the author want to leave her hometown
A. Appeal of convenience in cities.
B. Her dream of becoming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against southerners.
D. Her desire for the northern accent.
25. How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother
A. Upset. B. Pleased. C. Ashamed. D. Surprised.
26. Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent
A. To prove herself right. B. To help Emily be a reporter.
C. To make herself influential. D. To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
27. What message does the text want to convey
A. Stay true to your roots. B. Never do things by halves.
C. Hold on to your dreams. D. Never judge a person by his accent.
C
Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines, according to new figures that have led environmental campaigners to call for urgent action to rescue the natural world. The 2022 Living Planet Index (LPI), produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), reveals that studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970, faster than previous predictions. The LPI tracked global biodiversity between 1970 and 2018, based on the monitoring of 31,821 populations of 5230 vertebrate (脊椎动物) species. Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen. “We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to bend the curve of nature,” he says.
Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970. The Amazon pink river dolphin, for example, has experienced a 65 per cent decline in its population between 1994 and 2016. Meanwhile, some of the most biodiverse regions of the world are seeing the steepest falls in wildlife, with the Caribbean and central and south America seeing average wildlife population declined by 94 per cent since 1970. Habitat loss and reduction is the largest driver of wildlife loss in all regions around the world, followed by species overexploitation by hunting, fishing or poaching (偷猎).
In December, governments from around the world will gather in Montreal, Canada, for the COP15 Biodiversity Framework, a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030. “This is a once-in-a-decade opportunity that’s coming up,” says Robin Freeman of ZSL. He says it is vital that governments use the summit to agree on “meaningful, well measurable targets and goals”. “We need governments to take action to ensure that those goals deal with the complicated combined threats of climate change and biodiversity, in order for us to see a meaningful action,” says Freeman. But some researchers are critical of the LPI’s use of a headline figure of decline, warning it is easy to be misunderstood.
The findings don’t mean all species or populations worldwide are in decline. In fact, approximately half the populations show a stable or increasing trend, and half show a declining trend. “I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations,” says Hannah Ritchie at Our World in Data. But Wright says the LPI is a useful tool that reflects the findings of other biodiversity indicators. “All of those show they all scream there is something going really very badly wrong,” says Wright.
28. What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph mean
A. Loving and protecting nature. B. Preserving the diversity of nature.
C. Underestimating the benefits of nature. D. Destroying and changing nature.
29. In paragraph 2, the author mentions the Amazon pink river dolphin to show ______.
A. the number of Amazon dolphins is on the rise
B. freshwater vertebrates are at risk of extinction
C. there are no positive measures to protect nature
D. some of the world’s wild animals are in decline
30. What can we learn about people’s response to the issue mentioned in the passage
A. It makes sense to focus on a particular species.
B. Preventing the loss of habitats by 2030 is certain to happen.
C. New agreement on the prevention of habitat loss will be in vain.
D. The Caribbean wildlife has been well protected in recent decades.
31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A. The COP15 Biodiversity Framework
B. Wildlife Population Declining Sharply
C. Urgent Action to Save the Earth
D. Correct Interpretation of LPI
D
Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. “But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions,” says Sonja Sudimac.
To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.
“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress,” explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.
The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain.
In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.
32. What does the hen-and-egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac
A. Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity.
B. People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems.
C. It’s unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health.
D. It’s hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health.
33. How did researchers collect evidence for the study
A By quoting authoritative experts.
B. By interviewing healthy volunteers.
C. By researching on a previous theory.
D. By comparing volunteers’ amygdala activities.
34. What contribution did Simone Kühn and his team mainly make
A. Confirming the assumption of nature’s benefits to brain health.
B. Supporting a commonly held view of urban exposure.
C. Revealing the link between age and mental health.
D. Identifying the causes of mental health problems.
35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. Benefits of a regular walk in nature.
B. The focus of the follow-up research.
C. An appeal for living in urban regions.
D. Nature’s positive effects on women and children.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life. ____36____
There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings. ____37____ People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.
____38____ There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents. ____39____ You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.
Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. ____40____ Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.
A. Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.
B. You don’t have to be mean or harsh to get this done.
C. If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.
D. You can also make friends with people you work with.
E. So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.
F. Sign up for a dancing class to meet those with the same passion.
G. While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I got my first smartphone, I loved it.It gave me instant ___41___ to my music, thousands of photos and videos and a(n) ___42___ of information. But over time, my feelings became controversial. I would repeatedly ___43___ my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and ___44___ click on links to websites. I’d often ___45___ to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
So I began to research studies on the mental health effects of smartphone use. I ___46___ that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality. Unsurprisingly, they also impact your ability to ___47___ and to remain in the present moment with your kids.
___48___, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted (分心) by dings and pings. He finally related to my complaints about my smartphone: “Mommy, just ___49___, please!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey — no ___50___at all — I bought a flip phone (翻盖手机) and cell plan for $30 a month. With no touch screen, texting is ___51___. I can’t access email, music or social media and don’t even try browsing the web without a touch screen. While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing, it’s ___52___ than I thought it would be and the benefits are worth it. Now when I’m playing with my son, I can see the positive effect ___53___ his smiles. And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the ___54___, I light candles, grab a book and ___55___ the atmosphere of the room I’m in.
41. A. solution B. response C. access D. reaction
42. A. world B. form C. exchange D. piece
43. A. receive B. write C. answer D. refresh
44. A. skillfully B. occasionally C. hurriedly D. constantly
45. A. talk B. complain C. prove D. return
46. A. predicted B. discovered C. considered D. claimed
47. A. email B. reply C. smile D. parent
48. A. Hence B. However C. Then D. Still
49. A. take it back B. give it up C. break it down D. sort it out
50. A. charge B. money C. cellphone D. plan
51. A. heart-breaking B. time-consuming C. eye-opening D. energy-saving
52. A. easier B. cooler C. stricter D. longer
53. A. in B. of C. on D. with
54. A. face B. bed C. screen D. book
55 A. create B. lighten C. change D. enjoy
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
With roots ____56____ (date) back thousands of years, Chinese seals (印章) are more than just a unique image; they are symbolic of identity, status, and culture. A Chinese seal is a seal or stamp used to mark important documents, pieces of art, contracts, or any other item that ____57____(require) a signature.
The seal was first created in 221 BC. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, ordered his first imperial (皇帝的) seal to be carved using beautiful white jade (玉). ____58____ (call) the“Xi”, the imperial seal was only used by those in power. It wasn’t until the Ming and Qing dynasties ____59____ the seal’s usage moved from the imperial to the personal, due to the ____60____ (expand) of arts. Artists began using a stylized seal carving of their names to mark ownership of their works. ____61____ (individual) also began using a personalized stamp for important documents. These non-official stamps were called “Yin”.
____62____(typical), the seals are carved into stone, but they can also ____63____ (make) of wood, bamboo, or bone. Seals are carved in one of two ways: the material is carved away from the character, leaving a red ink outline when used on paper, ____64____ the character is carved into the material, leaving the character _____65_____white among a red background.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节,请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包括:
1.活动时间和地点;
2.活动安排;
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Allen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ve spent my adult life as a college professor teaching people how to think more creatively and use more of their brainpower. Interestingly, this lifetime passion was awakened by a casual contest when I was a child.
At a family picnic for employees of the company where my father worked, they held contests for the children — who could blow the biggest bubble-gum (泡泡糖) bubble, who could hop the longest on one leg. I was 13, full of enthusiasm and the spirit of competition, so I threw myself into the contests. The grand finale, the handkerchief-throwing contest, I realize now, was not meant to demonstrate any real skill, but simply for laughs. But it stirred my love of thinking outside the box.
The judge gave each of the dozen children a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who threw it the farthest. The first throwers, the little ones, took mighty wind-ups (挥臂动作), but when the cloth left their hands, it opened and fluttered (飘动) to the ground a few inches in front of them. The crowd roared with laughter, and being 13, I didn’t like adults laughing at us.
So it made me angry to see the kids throwing harder when the handkerchief always opened, caught the air and died. The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from opening. Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it. The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others, and when they separated, people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass. I had a good chance of getting away with it, but I didn’t want to win by cheating. What I really wanted to do was to show them that a kid could beat them at their own game. I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock. Like a rock! That was it! But the question was how.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: I was thinking really hard when suddenly a good idea struck me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: “It’s just the handkerchief,” the judge declared, holding it up and untying the knots (结).
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年度高二上学期第一次月考英语科试卷
满分：150分 答题时间：120分钟
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Inspired by his mentor Louis Sullivan, an influential figure in the world of modernist architecture, Frank Lloyd Wright coined the term ‘organic architecture’ around 1908.
Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.
Casa Milà
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Year of completion:1910
Architect: Antoni Gaudi
Considered the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism, Antoni Gaudi was devoted to nature and the Catholic religion. While he originally intended this organic building to have a religious purpose, it is now an apartment building. True to the organic style, it features honey shapes that seemingly emerge from the earth.
Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
Location: Singapore
Year of completion:2015
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Earning the nicknames ‘dim sum basket building’ and ‘the Hive’, the Learning Hub consists of 12 eight-storey towers arranged around a public atrium. The organic nature of the building extends to its interior with features like gardens that are intended to encourage social interactions and study among students.
Falling Water
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Year of completion:1939
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
A classic of modernism and organic architecture, Falling Water sits on top of a waterfall. Frank Lloyd Wright designed it for the Kaufmann family who-though they had originally hoped for a view of the waterfall-came to love the home.
East Beach Café
Location: Littlehampton, UK
Year of completion:2007
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Located in a seaside area with an industrial history, East Beach Cafe resembles (像) a piece of driftwood. Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community. It was the first building for Thomas Heatherwick who previously was better known as a sculptor.
21. Which building has the longest history
A. Casa Milà. B. Learning Hub at NTU. C. Falling Water. D. East Beach Cafe.
22. What can we learn about East Beach Café
A. It remains floating on the sea. B. It serves to encourage social interactions.
C. It was not accepted by all the locals initially. D. It was originally intended for a particular family.
23. Which of the following magazines is the text probably taken from
A. Natural World B. Architectural Digest
C. Organic Gardening D. Extraordinary Figures
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Casa Milà完成于1910年；Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) 完成于2015年；Falling Water完成于1939年；East Beach Café完成于2007年。故Casa Milà的历史最悠久。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据East Beach Café部分中“Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community.(它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初引起了当地人的两极分化，但后来得到了整个社区的好评)”可知，起初并不是所有的当地人都接受East Beach Café。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.(有机建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子)”结合文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的来源。故选B。
B
As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.
24. What made the author want to leave her hometown
A. Appeal of convenience in cities.
B. Her dream of becoming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against southerners.
D. Her desire for the northern accent.
25. How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother
A. Upset. B. Pleased. C. Ashamed. D. Surprised.
26. Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent
A. To prove herself right. B. To help Emily be a reporter.
C. To make herself influential. D. To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
27. What message does the text want to convey
A. Stay true to your roots. B. Never do things by halves.
C. Hold on to your dreams. D. Never judge a person by his accent.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
C
Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines, according to new figures that have led environmental campaigners to call for urgent action to rescue the natural world. The 2022 Living Planet Index (LPI), produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), reveals that studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970, faster than previous predictions. The LPI tracked global biodiversity between 1970 and 2018, based on the monitoring of 31,821 populations of 5230 vertebrate (脊椎动物) species. Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen. “We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to bend the curve of nature,” he says.
Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations, with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970. The Amazon pink river dolphin, for example, has experienced a 65 per cent decline in its population between 1994 and 2016. Meanwhile, some of the most biodiverse regions of the world are seeing the steepest falls in wildlife, with the Caribbean and central and south America seeing average wildlife population declined by 94 per cent since 1970. Habitat loss and reduction is the largest driver of wildlife loss in all regions around the world, followed by species overexploitation by hunting, fishing or poaching (偷猎).
In December, governments from around the world will gather in Montreal, Canada, for the COP15 Biodiversity Framework, a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals, plants and habitats globally by 2030. “This is a once-in-a-decade opportunity that’s coming up,” says Robin Freeman of ZSL. He says it is vital that governments use the summit to agree on “meaningful, well measurable targets and goals”. “We need governments to take action to ensure that those goals deal with the complicated combined threats of climate change and biodiversity, in order for us to see a meaningful action,” says Freeman. But some researchers are critical of the LPI’s use of a headline figure of decline, warning it is easy to be misunderstood.
The findings don’t mean all species or populations worldwide are in decline. In fact, approximately half the populations show a stable or increasing trend, and half show a declining trend. “I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations,” says Hannah Ritchie at Our World in Data. But Wright says the LPI is a useful tool that reflects the findings of other biodiversity indicators. “All of those show they all scream there is something going really very badly wrong,” says Wright.
28. What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph mean
A. Loving and protecting nature. B. Preserving the diversity of nature.
C. Underestimating the benefits of nature. D. Destroying and changing nature.
29. In paragraph 2, the author mentions the Amazon pink river dolphin to show ______.
A. the number of Amazon dolphins is on the rise
B. freshwater vertebrates are at risk of extinction
C. there are no positive measures to protect nature
D. some of the world’s wild animals are in decline
30. What can we learn about people’s response to the issue mentioned in the passage
A. It makes sense to focus on a particular species.
B. Preventing the loss of habitats by 2030 is certain to happen.
C. New agreement on the prevention of habitat loss will be in vain.
D. The Caribbean wildlife has been well protected in recent decades.
31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A. The COP15 Biodiversity Framework
B. Wildlife Population Declining Sharply
C. Urgent Action to Save the Earth
D. Correct Interpretation of LPI
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降，世界各国政府将齐聚加拿大蒙特利尔，集思广益，制订计划救自然世界。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。由第一段中的“The 2022 Living Planet Index (LPI), produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), reveals that studied populations of mammals, birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970, faster than previous predictions. The LPI tracked global biodiversity between 1970 and 2018, based on the monitoring of 31,821 populations of 5230 vertebrate (脊椎动物) species. Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen. “We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to bend the curve of nature,” he says. (伦敦动物学会（ZSL）发布的2022年活星球指数（LPI）显示，自1970年以来，哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物和鱼类的研究种群平均下降了69%，比之前的预测更快。根据对5230种脊椎动物的31821个种群的监测，LPI在1970年至2018年间追踪了全球生物多样性。世界自然基金会（WWF）的马克·赖特表示，下降的程度是破坏性的，而且还在继续恶化。“我们没有看到任何真正积极的迹象表明我们正在开始bend the curve of nature,”他说)”可知，上文谈及地球生物多样性丧失的问题，且马克·赖特表示他没有看到人类有真正拯救地球生物多样性的积极迹象。由此推知，划线短语意为“保护自然的多样性（Preserving the diversity of nature）”。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations, with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970. The Amazon pink river dolphin, for example, has experienced a 65 per cent decline in its population between 1994 and 2016. (淡水脊椎动物一直是受影响最严重的种群之一，监测到的种群数量自1970年以来平均下降了83%。例如，1994年至2016年间，亚马逊粉红河海豚的种群数量下降了65%)”可推知，作者提到亚马逊粉红河海豚是为了表明淡水脊椎动物一直是受影响最严重的种群之一，一些淡水脊椎动物面临灭绝的危险。故选B项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段中““I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations,” says Hannah Ritchie at Our World in Data. (“我认为更合适和有用的方法是关注特定物种或种群，”Hannah Ritchie在《我们的数据世界》中说道)”可知，关注某一特定物种是有意义的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines, according to new figures that have led environmental campaigners to call for urgent action to rescue the natural world. (根据新的数据，世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降，这一数字已导致环境活动家呼吁采取紧急行动拯救自然世界)”及第二段中的“Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations, with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970. (淡水脊椎动物一直是受影响最严重的种群之一，监测到的种群数量自1970年以来平均下降了83%)”和最后一段中的“But Wright says the LPI is a useful tool that reflects the findings of other biodiversity indicators. “All of those show they all scream there is something going really very badly wrong,” says Wright. (但赖特表示，LPI是反映其他生物多样性指标结果的有用工具。“所有这些都表明它们都在尖叫，有些事情真的非常严重，”赖特说)”可知，文章讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降，人们要采取措施拯救自然世界。由此可知，B项“野生动物数量急剧下降”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。
D
Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. “But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions,” says Sonja Sudimac.
To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.
“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress,” explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.
The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain.
In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.
32. What does the hen-and-egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac
A. Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity.
B. People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems.
C. It’s unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health.
D. It’s hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health.
33. How did researchers collect evidence for the study
A. By quoting authoritative experts.
B. By interviewing healthy volunteers.
C. By researching on a previous theory.
D. By comparing volunteers’ amygdala activities.
34. What contribution did Simone Kühn and his team mainly make
A Confirming the assumption of nature’s benefits to brain health.
B. Supporting a commonly held view of urban exposure.
C. Revealing the link between age and mental health.
D. Identifying the causes of mental health problems.
35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. Benefits of a regular walk in nature.
B. The focus of the follow-up research.
C. An appeal for living in urban regions.
D. Nature’s positive effects on women and children.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然对人大脑产生的影响。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions(但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有得到解决，也就是说，到底是大自然对大脑产生了影响，还是特定的个体选择生活在农村还是城市地区)”可知，Sonja Sudimac的“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin.(为了获得因果证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后的大脑活动进行了检查)”可知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link.(研究结果支持了之前假设的自然和大脑健康之间的正相关关系，但这是首次证明因果关系的研究)”可知，Simone Kühn和他的团队的主要贡献是证实了自然对大脑健康有益的假设。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.(为了调查自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境和城市环境中散步一小时对母亲和婴儿的压力有何影响)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life. ____36____
There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings. ____37____ People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.
____38____ There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents. ____39____ You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.
Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. ____40____ Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.
A. Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.
B. You don’t have to be mean or harsh to get this done.
C. If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.
D. You can also make friends with people you work with.
E. So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.
F. Sign up for a dancing class to meet those with the same passion.
G. While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.
【答案】36. A 37. E 38. C 39. D 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了长期友谊的好处，以及如何发展一段新的友谊，并且注意，该结束的友谊就应果断结束。
【36题详解】
根据前文“You’ll make new friends in each stage of your life. Some of them will come and go, while others will last for the rest of your life.(你会在人生的每个阶段交到新朋友。其中一些会来了又走，而另一些会伴随你的余生)”结合下文陈述持长期友谊的好处，以及如何保持长期的友谊，所以空处应是引出长期朋友的话题，所以A项“Lifelong friendships are what most people desire.(一生的友谊是大多数人所渴望的)”符合文意。故选A项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“There are many benefits of having strong friendships. According to experts, many people regret not keeping friendships going and end up living a life with no close friends or even enduring mental and physical sufferings.(拥有牢固的友谊有很多好处。据专家称，许多人后悔没有维持友谊，最终过着没有亲密朋友的生活，甚至忍受着精神和身体上的痛苦)”以及后文“People who have healthy friendships tend to enjoy life more and may even live longer.(拥有健康友谊的人往往更享受生活，甚至可能活得更长)”可知，本段主要在讲保持健康友谊的好处和重要性，所以E项“So making time for your friendships is vital to a healthy life.(因此，为友谊腾出时间对健康生活至关重要)”符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。
【38题详解】
根据后文“There are a lot of ways to make new friends that can stay with you for the rest of your life. Look for people who share things with you. If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents.(有很多方法可以交到可以陪伴你一生的新朋友。寻找和你有共同爱好的人。如果你有孩子，加入一个妈妈的小组，或者为你的孩子报班，在那里你自然会遇到其他父母)”可知，此处是在讲如何交到可以陪伴你一生的新朋友。所以C项“If you are lacking in good friendships, it’s not too late.(如果你缺乏好的友谊，现在还不晚)”符合文意，引出下文。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“If you have kids, join a mom’s group, or sign your child up for classes where you’ll naturally meet other parents.(如果你有孩子，加入一个妈妈的小组，或者为你的孩子报班，在那里你自然会遇到其他父母)”以及后文“You share your career and will have a lot to talk about while also having built-in opportunities to spend time with each other.(你们分享自己的事业，会有很多可聊的话题，同时也有内在的机会花时间在彼此身上)”可知，上文陈述和父母交朋友，下文陈述分享自己的事业，由此推知，我们还可以与同事交朋友。所以D项“You can also make friends with people you work with.(你也可以和同事交朋友)”符合文意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Sometimes it’s a good idea to let a friendship go, even if you’ve been friends for a long time. If one party isn’t making an effort to keep things going, it can lead to feelings of hurt and betrayal, and it might be time to let things cool off and pursue other friendships. (有时候，结束一段友谊是个好主意，即使你们已经做了很长时间的朋友。如果一方不努力维持关系，可能会导致受伤和背叛的感觉，可能是时候让事情冷静下来，追求其他友谊了)”可知，此处是在讲必要时结束一段友谊。由此推知，空处陈述这样做的原因。所以G项“While this can be sad, it can actually improve your quality of life.(虽然这可能令人难过，但它实际上可以提高你的生活质量)”符合文意，且与下文“Besides, it can encourage you to focus on the partnerships that are healthy and where both of you are committed to keeping it going for your entire life.(此外，它可以鼓励你专注于健康的伙伴关系，以及你们两人都致力于终生保持这种关系的伙伴关系)”构成并列关系。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I got my first smartphone, I loved it.It gave me instant ___41___ to my music, thousands of photos and videos and a(n) ___42___ of information. But over time, my feelings became controversial. I would repeatedly ___43___ my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need and ___44___ click on links to websites. I’d often ___45___ to my husband and to my seven-year-old son, Louis, that I felt trapped by it.
So I began to research studies on the mental health effects of smartphone use. I ___46___ that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality. Unsurprisingly, they also impact your ability to ___47___ and to remain in the present moment with your kids.
___48___, one day last summer, while I was playing with Louis, I was once again distracted (分心) by dings and pings. He finally related to my complaints about my smartphone: “Mommy, just ___49___, please!”
I decided to try. Instead of going cold turkey — no ___50___at all — I bought a flip phone (翻盖手机) and cell plan for $30 a month. With no touch screen, texting is ___51___. I can’t access email, music or social media and don’t even try browsing the web without a touch screen. While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing, it’s ___52___ than I thought it would be and the benefits are worth it. Now when I’m playing with my son, I can see the positive effect ___53___ his smiles. And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the ___54___, I light candles, grab a book and ___55___ the atmosphere of the room I’m in.
41. A. solution B. response C. access D. reaction
42. A. world B. form C. exchange D. piece
43. A. receive B. write C. answer D. refresh
44. A. skillfully B. occasionally C. hurriedly D. constantly
45. A. talk B. complain C. prove D. return
46. A. predicted B. discovered C. considered D. claimed
47. A. email B. reply C. smile D. parent
48. A. Hence B. However C. Then D. Still
49. A. take it back B. give it up C. break it down D. sort it out
50. A. charge B. money C. cellphone D. plan
51. A. heart-breaking B. time-consuming C. eye-opening D. energy-saving
52. A. easier B. cooler C. stricter D. longer
53. A. in B. of C. on D. with
54. A. face B. bed C. screen D. book
55. A. create B. lighten C. change D. enjoy
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者发现自己沉迷于手机，于是调整适用翻盖手机，最终作者适应了没有智能手机的生活，开始和家人专心相处。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. solution解决方案；B. response回答；C. access入口；D. reaction反应。根据后文“to my music, thousands of photos and videos”指可以访问音乐、照片和视频，应用access to。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我可以立即访问我的音乐，成千上万的照片和视频，以及一个信息的世界。A. world世界；B. form表格；C. exchange交换；D. piece片。根据后文“of information”可知手机让作者可以进入一个信息的世界。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. receive收到；B. write写；C. answer回答；D. refresh使恢复精神，刷新。根据后文“my email, shop online for stuff I didn’t need”指反复刷新电子邮件，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会反复刷新我的电子邮件，在网上购买我不需要的东西，不断点击网站链接。A. skillfully巧妙地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. constantly不断地。根据后文“click on links to websites”可知此处是在说明手机带来的问题，让作者反复刷新电子邮件、在网上购买不需要的东西以及不断点击网站链接。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常向我的丈夫和我7岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。A. talk谈话；B. complain抱怨；C. prove证明；D. return返回。根据后文“that I felt trapped by it”可知作者在抱怨被手机困住了。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。A. predicted预测；B. discovered发现；C. considered考虑；D. claimed声称。根据后文“that smartphones are linked with anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality”可知，作者发现了智能手机与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量差有关。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，它们也会影响你为人父母的能力，影响你和孩子呆在当下的能力。A. email邮件；B. reply回答；C. smile微笑；D. parent父亲（或母亲），为人父母。根据后文“remain in the present moment with your kids”可知手机影响了为人父母的能力，故选D。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年夏天的一天，当我和路易斯玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮叮的声音分散了注意力。A. Hence因此；B. However然而；C. Then然后；D. Still仍然。作者和儿子玩耍是之后发生的事情，then符合语境。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最后谈到了我对智能手机的抱怨：“妈妈，拜托你放弃使用手机吧!”A. take it back拿回来；B. give it up放弃；C. break it down出故障；D. sort it out分类。上文提到作者被手机分散了注意力，所以儿子这里表示让作者放弃使用手机。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。A. charge电量；B. money钱；C. cellphone手机；D. plan计划。根据后文“I bought a flip phone and cell plan for $30 a month”可知，作者没有突然戒掉手机，而是每月花30美元买了一个翻盖手机和手机套餐。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有触摸屏，发短信非常耗时。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. time-consuming耗时的；C. eye-opening大开眼界的；D. energy-saving节省能源的。根据上文“With no touch screen”可知，用翻盖手机发短信非常耗时。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比我想象的要容易得多，而且好处是值得的。A. easier更容易的；B. cooler更凉爽的；C. stricter更严格的；D. longer更长的。上文“While the adjustment hasn’t always been smooth sailing”中while引导让步状语从句，说明虽然调整过程并不总是一帆风顺，但比想象的要容易得多，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在当我和儿子一起玩的时候，我能从他的微笑中看到积极的影响。A. in在里面；B. of属于；C. on在上面；D. with和。根据后文“his smiles”指在微笑中看到积极的影响，应用介词in。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. face脸；B. bed床；C. screen屏幕；D. book书籍。根据上文“And after he’s gone to bed, instead of fixing my eyes on the”以及作者适应了不适用智能机，所以不再盯着屏幕。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他上床睡觉后，我不再盯着屏幕，而是点上蜡烛，拿起一本书，享受房间里的气氛。A. create创造；B. lighten点亮；C. change改变；D. enjoy享受。根据后文“the atmosphere of the room I’m in”指享受房间的氛围，应用enjoy。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
With roots ____56____ (date) back thousands of years, Chinese seals (印章) are more than just a unique image; they are symbolic of identity, status, and culture. A Chinese seal is a seal or stamp used to mark important documents, pieces of art, contracts, or any other item that ____57____(require) a signature.
The seal was first created in 221 BC. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, ordered his first imperial (皇帝的) seal to be carved using beautiful white jade (玉). ____58____ (call) the“Xi”, the imperial seal was only used by those in power. It wasn’t until the Ming and Qing dynasties ____59____ the seal’s usage moved from the imperial to the personal, due to the ____60____ (expand) of arts. Artists began using a stylized seal carving of their names to mark ownership of their works. ____61____ (individual) also began using a personalized stamp for important documents. These non-official stamps were called “Yin”.
____62____(typical), the seals are carved into stone, but they can also ____63____ (make) of wood, bamboo, or bone. Seals are carved in one of two ways: the material is carved away from the character, leaving a red ink outline when used on paper, ____64____ the character is carved into the material, leaving the character _____65_____white among a red background.
【答案】56. dating
57. requires
58. Called 59. that
60. expansion
61. Individuals
62. Typically
63. be made 64. or 65. in
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国印章的发展历史和特征。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国印章的历史可以追溯到几千年前，它不仅仅是一个独特的图像。date back(追溯到；回溯至)是with复合结构中宾语roots的补足语，用非谓语动词，动词date和名词roots是主动关系，此处使用现在分词形式。故填dating。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国印章是在重要文件、艺术品、合同或任何其他需要签名的物品上标记的印章或印记。require(需要)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词any other item)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填requires。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“玺”的玺印，只有当权者才能使用。分析句子可知，call(给……取名；称呼)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the imperial seal之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Called。
【59题详解】
考查强调句。句意：直到明清两朝，由于艺术的发展，印章的使用才从宫廷转移到个人。not...until...是固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，其强调句型为：It + is/was not until...+ that + 句子其它部分。分析句子可知，句中使用了该强调句型，强调的是原句时间状语“not until the Ming and Qing dynasties”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：直到明清两朝，由于艺术的发展，印章的使用才从宫廷转移到个人。结合句意和空格前定冠词the可知，提示词在句中作宾语，用名词expansion，意为“发展”，为不可数名词。故填expansion。
【61题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：个人也开始在重要文件上使用个性化的印记。可数名词individual在句中作主语，结合句意，这里的个人包含很多个个体，是复数概念；句首单词首字母大写。故填Individuals。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：通常，印章被雕刻成石头，但它们也可以由木头、竹子或骨头制成。提示词在句中作状语，用副词typically，意为“一般，通常”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Typically。
63题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：通常，印章被雕刻成石头，但它们也可以由木头、竹子或骨头制成。提示词make是分句谓语动词，与主语they之间是被动关系，在情态动词can后助动词用原形be；be made of...“由……制成”。故填be made。
【64题详解】
考查连词。句意：印章有两种雕刻方式：除文字外的材料被雕走，在纸上使用时留下文字的红色墨水轮廓，或者将文字雕刻到材料上，在红色的背景中留下白色的文字。根据“Seals are carved in one of two ways”可知，印章有两种雕刻方式；结合句意，空格前和空格后分别介绍了这两种方式，这两种方式是选择关系，用连词or连接。故填or。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：印章有两种雕刻方式：除文字外的材料被雕走，在纸上使用时留下文字的红色的墨水轮廓，或者将文字雕刻到材料上，在红色的背景中留下白色的文字。根据句意，句中指让文字保持白色，用介词in表示“处于……状态”；in white“白色的”。故填in。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节,请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包括:
1.活动时间和地点;
2.活动安排;
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Allen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Allen,
I am writing to tell you that a music festival will be held in our school.
We can take part in the music festival in the school hall from 3 pm to 7 pm next Friday. In the music festival, we will invite some famous singers and bands to perform. In addition, some students can have a chance to cooperate with these musicians. As a music fan, you are bound to participate in the festival. If possible, you are welcome to perform in the festival, which will be a great experience.
I’d be more than delighted if you could come and share this joyful moment with me. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文写作。要求学生以邮件的形式邀请英国朋友Allen来参加学校举办的音乐节，内容包括时间地点、活动安排，并欢迎他表演节目。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参加：take part in→ participate in
另外：in addition→what's more
机会：chance→ opportunity
一定：be bound to→ be certain to
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并复合句
原句：We can take part in the music festival in the school hall from 3 pm to 7 pm next Friday. In the music festival, we will invite some famous singers and bands to perform.
复合句：We can take part in the music festival in the school hall from 3 pm to 7 pm next Friday, in which we will invite some famous singers and bands to perform.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to tell you that a music festival will be held in our school.（that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 If possible, you are welcome to perform in the festival, which will be a great experience.（if引导的条件状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ve spent my adult life as a college professor teaching people how to think more creatively and use more of their brainpower. Interestingly, this lifetime passion was awakened by a casual contest when I was a child.
At a family picnic for employees of the company where my father worked, they held contests for the children — who could blow the biggest bubble-gum (泡泡糖) bubble, who could hop the longest on one leg. I was 13, full of enthusiasm and the spirit of competition, so I threw myself into the contests. The grand finale, the handkerchief-throwing contest, I realize now, was not meant to demonstrate any real skill, but simply for laughs. But it stirred my love of thinking outside the box.
The judge gave each of the dozen children a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who threw it the farthest. The first throwers, the little ones, took mighty wind-ups (挥臂动作), but when the cloth left their hands, it opened and fluttered (飘动) to the ground a few inches in front of them. The crowd roared with laughter, and being 13, I didn’t like adults laughing at us.
So it made me angry to see the kids throwing harder when the handkerchief always opened, caught the air and died. The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from opening. Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it. The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others, and when they separated, people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass. I had a good chance of getting away with it, but I didn’t want to win by cheating. What I really wanted to do was to show them that a kid could beat them at their own game. I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock. Like a rock! That was it! But the question was how.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: I was thinking really hard when suddenly a good idea struck me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: “It’s just the handkerchief,” the judge declared, holding it up and untying the knots (结).
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I was thinking really hard when suddenly a good idea struck me. I secretly tied knot after knot until it was the size of a little rock. When it was my turn, there were a dozen cloth handkerchiefs littering the ground. I took a long wind-up, and the balled handkerchief rocketed off into the trees approximately 60 feet away. The emcee stared at me, with narrowed eyes, shocked, and then ran to locate the balled handkerchief. Before the emcee found my handkerchief, a man said, “He must have cheated.”
“It’s just the handkerchief,” the judge declared, holding it up and untying the knots (结). “We didn’t say he couldn’t tie it.” The adults burst into applause and I felt proud and thrilled. But it was more than that. What I learned from this contest was the secret to creative thinking. If you want to maximize your brainpower, you can’t accept rules at face value. You should think deeply about the rules, use your imagination as much as possible, and be creative to do what the rules require, so that you can break the rules and be innovative.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一名大学教授，教导人们如何更有创造性地思考，如何更多地利用他们的脑力，作者一生的这种激情是在小时候的一次偶然的比赛中被唤醒的，作者回忆了那次比赛，那是一个扔手帕的比赛，谁扔得最远谁就赢，孩子们用力扔的时候手帕总是打开，秘诀不在于用力扔，而在于不让布张开，作者原本想在手帕里藏个石头，但是他不想作弊，他得让手帕像石头一样飞起来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我正在苦苦思索，突然想到一个好主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者的好主意是什么以及所取得的结果。
②由第二段首句内容“‘这只是手帕，’法官说着举起手帕，解开了上面的结。”可知，第二段可描写作者的收获。
2.续写线索：打结——手帕飞得很远——主持人盯着作者——有人怀疑作者作弊——主持人解释只有手帕而已——观众鼓掌——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打结：tie knot after knot/kink knot after knot
②高速飞走：rocket off/fly away swiftly
③盯着：stare at/gaze at
情绪类
①震惊的：shocked/astonished
②兴奋的：thrilled/excited
【点睛】[高分句型1] When it was my turn, there were a dozen cloth handkerchiefs littering the ground. (由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] What I learned from this contest was the secret to creative thinking. (由what引导的主语从句)
