现在完成时 语法课件(四)-重难点讲解（共30张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
现在完成时
主讲教师：Cici
现在完成时的重难点
part 6
重难点
比较 have/has been to 与 have/has gone to
have been to:去过某地，已回
have gone to:去过某地，未回
重难点
比较 have/has been to 与 have/has gone to
She has gone to Shanghai.
她(已经)去上海了。
She has been to Shanghai.
她(曾经) 去过上海。
重难点
比较 have/has been to 与 have/has gone to
The girl has gone to school.
这个女孩（已经）去上学了。
The boy has been to school.
这个男孩去过学校了。
have been/gone to 区别练习
1. —Where's Jim
—He New York.
2. She the park, and she will be back in
two hours.
3. They the forest and returned safely.
4. I the Yun Long Lake. Look, I have taken
many photos.
has gone to
has gone to
has been to
has been to
翻译句子
1.妈妈不在这，她去上班了。
________________________________
2.Tom已经去过上海两次了。
________________________________
Mom isn’t here, she has gone to work.
Tom has been to Shanghai twice.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
I lived in Beijing ten years ago.
I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
I have lived in Beijing since ten years ago.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
We studied English ten years ago.
We have studied English for ten years
We have studied English since ten years ago.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
I bought the book two weeks ago.
I have bought the book for two weeks.
Jobs died eleven years ago .
Jobs has died for eleven years.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
buy，die这两个动作 从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”, 几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’）就完成了“开始—结束”的过程，这样的动词我们叫做非延续性动词，非延续动词不能喝for+时间段，since+时间点/段连用。
延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词
1
study,learn,sleep,live,sing,dance,swim,
teach,keep,play,have, be away(离开)
非延续性动词
2
buy,borrow, die,come / go 这些动词不能和 for …. since… how long 连用
“瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换
Verb Used for a continuous state Example
begin/start have/has been on The film has been on for 20 minutes.
finish/stop have/has been over The parade has been over for hours.
come/go /arrive have/has been in/at Kitty has been in Hong Kong for two days.
leave have/has been away She has been away from home since last Tuesday.
“瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换
Verb Used for a continuous state Example
borrow have/has kept She has kept this book since last week.
join have/has been in have/has been a member of Simon has been a member of the Football Club since last year.
marry have/has been married They have been married for 15 years.
die have/has been dead The fish have been dead for some time.
翻译句子
1. 我妈妈养了这只小狗两年了（kept）。
_______________________________________
_____________________________________________
2. 我们已经在这里工作了5年。
_______________________________
______________________________________
My mother has kept the little dog for two years.
My mother has kept the little dog since two years ago.
We have worked here for five years.
We have worked here since five years ago.
翻译句子
3. 这场雨已经持续了2小时。（lasted)
_______________________________
______________________________________
The rain has lasted for two hours.
The rain has lasted since two hours ago.
翻译句子
4. 我买这本书三年了。
_____________________________________
______________________________________
5. 他离开北京两年了。
_____________________________________
_______________________________________________
I have had the book for three years.
I have had the book since three years ago.
He has been away from Beijing for two years.
He has been away from Beijing since two years ago.
翻译句子
6.我们借这本书两月了。
_____________________________________
________________________________
The rain has lasted for two hours.
The rain has lasted for two hours.
改错
1. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. _________
2. The river has become very dirty since last August. _________
3. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on
business. _________
4.His grandma has died for two years. _________
kept
been
gone
been dead
单项选择
Tom _________for several hours.
A. went to bed B. has been in bed
C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed
2.How long have you_________this city
A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to
单项选择
3. My aunt _________the TV for 4 months.
A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had
4. Mr Brown_________the car for 3 months.
A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys
单项选择
5. The old man _________for two days.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies
6.My sister has_________for 8 years.
A. become a driver B. left the city
C. arrived in the city D. lived here
单项选择
7.How long have you_________
A. joined the team B. become a team leader
C. been in the team D. left the team
8. How long has she_________the newspaper
A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. buy
一般过去时与现在完成时
part 7
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
定义不同
1
一般过去时:只是单纯的陈述过去发生过的事。
现在完成时:过去发生的事对现在的影响、持续到现在、发生的次数
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
定义不同
1
（单纯陈述过去）
（过去发生的事对现在的影响，表示“Daniel现在已经有电脑了”）
past
present
Daniel bought a new computer last month.
past
present
Daniel has bought a new computer.
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
定义不同
1
（单纯陈述过去）
（过去发生的事持续到现在）
past
present
Daniel went to Beijing two years ago.
past
present
Daniel has lived in Beijing for two years.
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
定义不同
1
（单纯陈述过去）
（过去行为发生的次数）
past
present
Mr Wu visited Canada in 2010 and 2011.
past
present
Mr Wu has been to Canada twice.
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
时间标志词不同
2
already yet
ever never
just recently
since for
so far
up to now...
现
在
完
成
时
一
般
过
去
时
yesterday
the other day
last....
...ago
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
对于现在完成时的运用，
一方面要从定义出发，根据语境来判断是否用现在完成时。
另一方面，有时间标志根据时间标志判断。