中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
现在完成时的用法
1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already had my lunch.
例句：
_____________________________
你已经把我的食物吃光了。（言外之意，我没有食物可吃）
2. ________________________你变了。（即：你和以前不一样）
3. _____________________________
他已经把书还给我了。（言外之意，书现在已经在我手里了）
注意：对于这一层概念的“现在完成时”，其实也可以用“过去时”，只是由于语境表达的需要，需要强调某一动作完成后所产生的结果或影响。所以，用现在完成时要比过去时更优。
2.从过去发生的动作，但该动作并未结束，且一直持续到现在。
I have lived here for four years.
I have lived here since four years ago.
例句：
1. _______________________________________
自从来到南京，他就住在这里。
_______________________________________
这个孩子从2010年就开始学英语了。
3. _______________________________________
他们已经在电话上讲了2个小时.
4. _______________________________________
这只小狗已经待在外面一周了
注意：该动作一直持续到现在，即：要用延续性动词
以上四个例句中的动词“live”，“learn”，“talk”，“stay”，均已表示发生过，但这些动作还没有结束，仍然持续到现在。这四个动词均“可持续”。
在表示延续性概念中，需要说明的是：
1.该动词一定要用延续性动词。如果是瞬间性动词，需转换成延续性状态
2. 这一层概念中的时间状语通常是表示时间段。
（大多为：for+时间段，since+时间点/过去时）
如：
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. （since+ 过去时）
2.The boy has learnt the English since 2010. （since + 时间点）
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours. （for + 时间段）
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week. （for + 时间段）
瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换
当给定时间段（for+时间，since+时间）的时候，动词一定要用延续性动词，如果是给定瞬间性动词，则需要将其转换成延续性状态。
3.表示过去的经历以及发生的次数
I have only been to the Great Wall once. 我仅去过长城一次。
Have you ever been to the concert. 你有去过那个音乐会吗
温馨提示：这一层概念的现在完成时，理解起来相对比较简单，
只要出现次数就是现在完成时。
现在完成时的构成
基本结构:主语+have / has + done(动词的过去分词)+其他
have/has:助动词 （可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句）无实际意思。
例句：____________________
否定结构:have/has+ not
例句：____________________
一般疑问句:将“have/has” 提至句首
例句：____________________
例句：
1. The have finished the task. (肯定句)
______________________________（否定句）
______________________________ (一般疑问句)
2. He has been to the party. （肯定句）
______________________________ （否定句）
______________________________ （一般疑问句）
过去分词的构成
① 直接加ed: talk→__________ open→__________
② 以e结尾的直接加d：dance→_________ change→______
③ 辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed：study→__________
cry→__________
④ 重读辅元辅结尾双写辅音字母再加ed：stop→__________
drop→__________
① AAA型 put-______-______ read-______-______
② ABA型 come-______-______ become-______-______
③ ABB型 meet-______-______ buy-______-______
④ ABC型 go-______-______ do-______-______
⑤ AAB型 beat-______-______
① AAA型 (共10个)
② ABA型 (共3个)
③ A—B—B型 (共47个)
④ A—B—C型 (共41个)
⑤ A—A—B型 (共1个)
现在完成时的标志词
① ever, never, already; just, before; yet; recently 等
② since+时间点; for+ 一段时间
③ in the past/last+ 段时间
④ so far 到目前为止
1. 含有already,just,yet等的现在完成时
① just表示“刚刚”，already表示“已经”，两者都用于__________句中，一般是置于have/has__________。
② yet表示“还未”，有“以后可能会”的含义，用于____________________中，一般是置于__________。
already: “已经”，用于肯定句，放句中/句末
______________________________
yet: “已经”，用于否定/疑问句，放句末
______________________________
never: “从不”，用于肯定句表否定，放句中
______________________________
ever: “曾经”，放句中
______________________________
just:“刚刚”，放句中
______________________________
例句：
1.我已经到家了。I have __________ got home.（已经）
2.我还没到家。I haven’t got home __________. （仍，还）
3.我曾经见过那位影星。 I have _____ seen that film star.（曾经）
4.我从未见过那位影星。I have______ seen that film star.（从不）
5.她刚刚吃过晚饭了。She have______ had supper.（刚刚）
用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。
1. I have ________ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. --“Have you ________ seen the film ”
--“No, I have _______ seen it.”
5. --“Has the bus left _______ ”
--“Yes, it has _________ left.”
选词填空。
1.他已经看过这个电影了。
He has________watched this film.
2.他曾经看过这个电影。
He has________watched this film.
3.他从未看过这个电影。
He has________watched this film.
4.他刚刚看过这个电影。
He has________watched this film.
2. since 和for 的区别：
① since后+时间点，表示”自从”
如：________________________________________
② for后+一段时间，表示“长达多久”
如__________________________________________
连线
for 和 since对比练习
1.Tim has been in China ______ Monday.
2.Tom has been in China ______ two weeks.
3.Her sister has lived in Australia ______ three years
4.Elizabeth is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o’clock.
用how long提问, 用since/for回答。
live in Guilin; for 25 years
A: How long _____ you _____ in Guilin
B: I __________ in Guilin ____________.
play basketball; for 3 years
A: How long _____ you _______________
B: I __________ it___________.
use this book; since 2017
A: How long _______ Bill ________________
B: He ___________ it ________________.
know your best friend; since last year
A: How long ________ you ________________________
B: I ______________ her/him ________________.
现在完成时的句型转换
陈述句变为否定句：
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为否定句）
I ________ ________ finished my homework.
2.I have cleaned my room.（变为否定句）
I ________ ________cleaned my room.
3.She has had lunch.（变为否定句）
She ________ ________ had lunch.
陈述句变一般疑问句
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为一般疑问句）
________ ________ finished ________ homework
肯/否定回答： Yes, ________ ________ .
No, ________ ________ .
2.She has had lunch.（变为一般疑问句）
________ ________ had lunch.
肯/否定回答： Yes, ________ ________ .
No, ________ ________ .
按要求完成句子
1.I have seen this film.（改为否定句）
__________________________
2. They have cleaned the classroom.（改为一般疑问句并做肯否回答）
_______________________________
_______________________________
3.Mom has already made the supper.(改为否句和一般疑问句）
______________________________
______________________________
翻译下列句子
1.你曾经吃过鱼吗？
___________________________
2.他已经吃过午饭了。
___________________________
3.你已经看过这部电影了吗？
________________________________
4.我刚刚去过云南。
___________________________
5. 你的爸爸刚刚去了北京吗？
__________________________________
现在完成时的重难点
have/has been to与have/has gone to
have been to:去过某地，已回
have gone to:去过某地，未回
She has________ to Shanghai. 她(已经)去上海了。
She has________ to Shanghai. 她(曾经) 去过上海。
The girl has ________to school. 这个女孩（已经）去上学了。
The boy has ________ to school. 这个男孩去过学校了。
have been/gone to 区别练习
1. —Where's Jim
—He________ ________ ________New York.
2. She________ ________ ________the park, and she will be back in two hours.
3. They________ ________ ________the forest and returned safely.
4. I________ ________ ________the Yun Long Lake. Look, I have taken many photos.
翻译句子
1.妈妈不在这，她去上班了。
________________________________
2.Tom已经去过上海两次了。
________________________________
延续性动词与非延续性动词
比较观察
I lived in Beijing ten years ago.
I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
I have lived in Beijing since ten years ago.
We studied English ten years ago.
We have studied English for ten years
We have studied English since ten years ago.
I bought the book two weeks ago.
I have bought the book for two weeks.
Jobs died eleven years ago .
Jobs has died for eleven years.
buy，die这两个动作 从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”, 几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’）就完成了“开始—结束”的过程，这样的动词我们叫做非延续性动词，非延续动词不能喝for+时间段，since+时间点/段连用。
翻译句子
1. 我妈妈养了这只小狗两年了（kept）。
_______________________________________
_____________________________________________
2. 我们已经在这里工作了5年。
_______________________________
______________________________________
3. 这场雨已经持续了2小时。（lasted)
_______________________________
______________________________________
4. 我买这本书三年了。
_____________________________________
______________________________________
5. 他离开北京两年了。
_____________________________________
_______________________________________________
6.我们借这本书两月了。
_____________________________________
________________________________
改错
1. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. _________
2. The river has become very dirty since last August.
_________
3. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on
business. _________
4.His grandma has died for two years. _________
单项选择
Tom _________for several hours.
A. went to bed B. has been in bed
C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed
2.How long have you_________this city
A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to
3. My aunt _________the TV for 4 months.
A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had
4. Mr Brown_________the car for 3 months.
A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys
5. The old man _________for two days.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies
6.My sister has_________for 8 years.
A. become a driver B. left the city
C. arrived in the city D. lived here
7.How long have you_________
A. joined the team B. become a team leader
C. been in the team D. left the team
8. How long has she_________the newspaper
A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. buy
一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时专项练习
任务一：单项选择
1．—Do you want another slice of this pizza It's excellent.
—No, thanks. I __________enough and I'll full now.
A．have B．had C．have had D．am having
2．Tony _______________ the new bike for two years.
A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．has had
3．— Amy, you must be hungry after waiting for us for such a
long time.
— Don't worry. I ____________ some cookies already.
A．am eating B．will eat C．was eating D．have eaten
4．The movie, Hi, Mom, is so moving that I ____________it
three times.
A．see B．am seeing C．have seen D．saw
5．—How long have you_________________
—For almost two years.
A．bought his bike B．worked in the factory
C．reached Jinan D．left your hometown
6．—Do you know Lucy's grandma
—Of course. She is a kind woman，but she ________for about
a month.
A．died B．has died C．has been dead
7．We _______ catch other since I came to Beijing, but we send
e-mails very often.
A．don't see B．didn't sec C．haven't seen D．won't see
8．—How long ________ you ________ the dictionary
—For two weeks.
A．will; buy B．have; had C．have; bought D．did; buy
9．87.2% of parents in China ___________ online courses for their children so far.
A．buy B．bought C．are buying D．have bought
10．In the past 70 years, China ________ historic changes and made great achievements. I'm so proud ________ being a Chinese.
A．experienced; of B．has experienced; of
C．experiences; in D．would experience; in
11．Jane____________ any letter to her friends since she left
home.
A．doesn't write B．didn't write
C．hasn't written D．won't write
12．—Is your mother a doctor, Peter
—Yes, she __________ in Chaoyang Hospital for nearly 20 years.
A．worked B．is working C．has worked D．will work
13．I _________here for three years.
A．study B．am studying
C．have studied D．will study
14．It is really a great movie. I _____________ it several times.
A．see B．saw
C．will see D．have seen
15．—Ten years has passed since we came to Zhangqiu.
—How time flies! We have_________here for so long.
A．come B．arrived C．worked D．left
16．So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones
______a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing
C．has increased D．have increased
17．—Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
—I __________ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A．have cleaned B．cleaned C．clean
18．—COVID -19 is spreading wildly in India. Take care!
—Yes. More than 300,000 people ________there.
A．die B．are dying C．have died
19．Mr. Smith______ Chinese for two years. He's much better at it now.
A．learns B．was learning C．has learned D．will learn
20．I ________this bike for three years. I like it so much.
A．bought B．had
C．have bought D．have had
任务二：词汇运用：单词拼写+语法填空
1.I think John has already________(收到)my package, or he
will call me to ask about it.
2.Recently, the number of people who speak Chinese has ________(增加) a lot in the world.
3."Sky eye" has________(改变) from "China's eye"to "the world's eye".
4.In recent years, traditional friendship between China and Cuba ___________(develop) in all-around way.
5.Tom's uncle has been________(die) for seven years.
任务三：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Every student _________________ (see) the film already.
2. Kent and I __________________ (write) a song before.
3. Dick _______________ (do) the work these days.
4. The people in the mountains ________ never ________ (see) films.
5. Patty _______________ (buy) a magazine about the school life.
6. The actress ________________ (live) here all her life.
7. The glass is broken. Who ________ (break) this glass
8. Finally the workers ______________ (finish) that job.
9. ________ you ________ (borrow) the book we talked abut last time
10. There’s no more wine in the bottle. They ______________ (drink) all of it.
11. Tom ________ (leave) a message for you. He ________ (call) last night.
12. I ______________ (see) the movie once before. I __________ (love) it a lot.
13.I_______already_______(see)the film. I_______(see)it last week.
14.--______ he _________(finish) his work today --Not yet .
15.--______you ______(be)to Hong Kong
--Yes, I _________(be)there twice .
16.--______ you ever ________(eat )chocolate sundaes
--No, never.
17.My father _______just ________(come) back from work .He is tired now.
18.Where’s Li Ming He________(go)to the Teacher’s office.
19.Shanghai _________(be) a small town hundreds of years ago.
Now it ______________ (become) a large city.
20.I ___________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
任务四：句型转换。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
I ______ ________ been to Macau before.
2.He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ he come to school
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
______ ______ _______ ________ learned English
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)
I ________ just __________ a new bike.
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ________ _______English ________three years
6. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）
The factory _______ ________ ______ ten years.
7.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问)
_____ _____ _______ they ________ the classroom this week
8 My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）
My father _____ ______ _____ England _____.
9. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）
John_______ ______ ______ Beijing_____ three years.
10. His company closed in 2003. （同义句）
His company _____ _____ _____ 2003.
11. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）
My father ______ ______ the car _______ half a year.
任务五：按要求填空。
用 already或 yet
① --Have they taken down the old pictures ______
--No, not ___________.
②Most of us have ___________finished our compositions
③ He said he hadn’t visited his home ________.
用 since或 for
①Mike has been ill _____a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.
② Mrs Liao has been in hospital _________last week.
③I have stayed at my aunt’s __________two weeks.
④Jill has been in Ireland ________ Monday.
⑤Jill has been in Ireland _____________ three days.
⑥My aunt has lived in Australia __________ 15 days.
⑦Margaret is in her office. She has been there__________7 o’clock.
⑧India has been to Shanghai___________1974.
用have gone或 have been
①--Where are the boy students
--They ___________to the school factory.
② --Is your father in
--No, he ___________to Shenzhen.
--_______ he ever ______there before
--Yes, he ____________there several times
③ He asked me if I __________to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I ___________never ________ to that city before.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)现在完成时的用法
1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already had my lunch.
例句：
1. You’ve eaten my food.
你已经把我的食物吃光了。（言外之意，我没有食物可吃）
2. You’ve changed. 你变了。（即：你和以前不一样）
3. He has returned the book to me.
他已经把书还给我了。（言外之意，书现在已经在我手里了）
注意：对于这一层概念的“现在完成时”，其实也可以用“过去时”，
只是由于语境表达的需要，需要强调某一动作完成后所产生的结
果或影响。所以，用现在完成时要比过去时更优。
2.从过去发生的动作，但该动作并未结束，且一直持续到现在。
I have lived here for four years.
I have lived here since four years ago.
例句：
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing.
自从来到南京，他就住在这里。
2. The boy has learnt the English since 2010.
这个孩子从 2010年就开始学英语了。
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours.
他们已经在电话上讲了 2个小时.
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week.
这只小狗已经待在外面一周了
注意：该动作一直持续到现在，即：要用延续性动词
以上四个例句中的动词“live”，“learn”，“talk”，“stay”，均已表示发
生过，但这些动作还没有结束，仍然持续到现在。这四个动词均“可
持续”。
在表示延续性概念中，需要说明的是：
1.该动词一定要用延续性动词。如果是瞬间性动词，需转换成延续性
状态
2. 这一层概念中的时间状语通常是表示时间段。
（大多为：for+时间段，since+时间点/过去时）
如：
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. （since+ 过去时）
2.The boy has learnt the English since 2010. （since + 时间点）
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours. （for + 时间段）
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week. （for + 时间段）
瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换 难点
当给定时间段（for+时间，since+时间）的时候，动词一定要用
延续性动词，如果是给定瞬间性动词，则需要将其转换成延续性
状态。
3.表示过去的经历以及发生的次数
I have only been to the Great Wall once. 我仅去过长城一次。
Have you ever been to the concert. 你有去过那个音乐会吗
温馨提示：这一层概念的现在完成时，理解起来相对比较简单，
只要出现次数就是现在完成时。
现在完成时的构成
基本结构:主语+have / has + done(动词的过去分词)+其他
have/has:助动词 （可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句）无实际
意思。
例句：She has cleaned her room.
否定结构:have/has+ not
例句：She hasn’t cleaned her room.
一般疑问句:将“have/has” 提至句首
例句：Has she cleaned her room
例句：
1. The have finished the task. (肯定句)
They have not finished the task. （否定句）
Have they finished the task (一般疑问句)
2. He has been to the party. （肯定句）
He has not been to the party. （否定句）
Has he been to the party （一般疑问句）
规则变化
过去分词的构成
① 直接加 ed: talk→talked open→opened
② 以 e结尾的直接加 d：dance→danced change→changed
③ 辅音字母加 y结尾的变 y为 i再加 ed：study→studied
cry→cried
④ 重读辅元辅结尾双写辅音字母再加 ed：stop→stopped
drop→dropped
不规则变化
① AAA型 put-put-put read-read-read
② ABA型 come-came-came become-became-become
③ ABB型 meet-met-met buy-bought-bought
④ ABC型 go-went-gone do-did-done
⑤ AAB型 beat-beat-beaten
① AAA型 (共 10个)
② ABA型 (共 3个)
③ A—B—B型 (共 47个)
④ A—B—C型 (共 41个)
⑤ A—A—B型 (共 1个)
现在完成时的标志词
① ever, never, already; just, before; yet; recently 等
② since+时间点; for+ 一段时间
③ in the past/last+ 段时间
④ so far 到目前为止
1. 含有 already,just,yet等的现在完成时
① just表示“刚刚”，already表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一
般是置于 have/has之后。
② yet表示“还未”，有“以后可能会”的含义，用于否定句和疑问句中，
一般是置于句末。
already: “已经”，用于肯定句，放句中/句末
I have already read the book.
yet: “已经”，用于否定/疑问句，放句末
Have you finished yet
never: “从不”，用于肯定句表否定，放句中
She has never danced.
ever: “曾经”，放句中
I have ever watched the film.
just:“刚刚”，放句中
We have just had a break.
例句：
1.我已经到家了。I have already got home.（已经）
2.我还没到家。I haven’t got home yet. （仍，还）
3.我曾经见过那位影星。 I have ever seen that film star.（曾经）
4.我从未见过那位影星。I have never seen that film star.（从不）
5.她刚刚吃过晚饭了。She have just had supper.（刚刚）
用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。
1. I have never seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has just finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school for ten years.
4. --“Have you never seen the film ”
--“No, I have ever seen it.”
5. --“Has the bus left yet ”
--“Yes, it has already left.”
选词填空。
1.他已经看过这个电影了。
He has already watched this film.
2.他曾经看过这个电影。 already；
He has ever watched this film. never；
3.他从未看过这个电影。
ever；
He has never watched this film.
；
4. just他刚刚看过这个电影。
He has just watched this film.
2. since 和 for 的区别：
① since后+时间点，表示”自从”
如：2001，yesterday，last week, the time I got there, November
② for后+一段时间，表示“长达多久”
如 ten years. three days, a while等
连线
for 和 since对比练习
1.Tim has been in China since Monday.
2.Tom has been in China for two weeks.
3.Her sister has lived in Australia for three years
4.Elizabeth is in her office. She has been there since 7 o’clock.
用 how long提问, 用 since/for回答。
live in Guilin; for 25 years
A: How long have you lived in Guilin
B: I have lived in Guilin for 25 years.
play basketball; for 3 years
A: How long have you played basketball
B: I have played it for 3 years .
use this book; since 2017
A: How long has Bill used this book
B: He has used it since 2017.
know your best friend; since last year
A: How long have you known your best friend
B: I have known her/him since last year.
现在完成时的句型转换
陈述句变为否定句：
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为否定句）
I have not finished my homework.
2.I have cleaned my room.（变为否定句）
I have not cleaned my room.
3.She has had lunch.（变为否定句）
She has not had lunch.
陈述句变一般疑问句
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为一般疑问句）
Have you finished your homework
肯/否定回答： Yes, I have .
No, I haven’t .
2.She has had lunch.（变为一般疑问句）
Has she had lunch.
肯/否定回答： Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t .
按要求完成句子
1.I have seen this film.（改为否定句）
I have not seen this film.
2. They have cleaned the classroom.（改为一般疑问句并做肯否回
答）
Have they clean the classroom
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
3.Mom has already made the supper.(改为否句和一般疑问句）
Mom hasn’t made the supper yet.
Has mom made the supper yet
翻译下列句子
1.你曾经吃过鱼吗？
Have you ever eaten fish
2.他已经吃过午饭了。
He has already had lunch.
3.你已经看过这部电影了吗？
Have you watched this movie yet
4.我刚刚去过云南。
I have just been to Yunnan.
5. 你的爸爸刚刚去了北京吗？
Has your father just gone to Beijing
现在完成时的重难点
have/has been to与 have/has gone to
have been to:去过某地，已回
have gone to:去过某地，未回
She has gone to Shanghai. 她(已经)去上海了。
She has been to Shanghai. 她(曾经) 去过上海。
The girl has gone to school. 这个女孩（已经）去上学了。
The boy has been to school. 这个男孩去过学校了。
have been/gone to 区别练习
1. —Where's Jim
—He has gone to New York.
2. She has gone to the park, and she will be back in two
hours.
3. They has been to the forest and returned safely.
4. I has been to the Yun Long Lake. Look, I have taken
many photos.
翻译句子
1.妈妈不在这，她去上班了。
Mom isn’t here, she has gone to work.
2.Tom已经去过上海两次了。
Tom has been to Shanghai twice.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
比较观察
I lived in Beijing ten years ago.
I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
I have lived in Beijing since ten years ago.
We studied English ten years ago.
We have studied English for ten years
We have studied English since ten years ago.
I bought the book two weeks ago.
I have bought the book for two weeks.
Jobs died eleven years ago .
Jobs has died for eleven years.
buy，die这两个动作 从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”, 几乎同时或
在极短的时间里（如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’）就完成了“开始—结束”
的过程，这样的动词我们叫做非延续性动词，非延续动词不能喝
for+时间段，since+时间点/段连用。
翻译句子
1. 我妈妈养了这只小狗两年了（kept）。
My mother has kept the little dog for two years.
My mother has kept the little dog since two years ago.
2. 我们已经在这里工作了 5 年。
We have worked here for five years.
We have worked here since five years ago.
3. 这场雨已经持续了 2小时。（lasted)
The rain has lasted for two hours.
The rain has lasted since two hours ago.
4. 我买这本书三年了。
I have had the book for three years.
I have had the book since three years ago.
5. 他离开北京两年了。
He has been away from Beijing for two years.
He has been away from Beijing since two years ago.
6.我们借这本书两月了。
The rain has lasted for two hours.
The rain has lasted for two hours.
改错
1. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. kept
2. The river has become very dirty since last August. been
3. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on
business. gone
4.His grandma has died for two years. been dead
单项选择
1.Tom ____B_____for several hours.
A. went to bed B. has been in bed
C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed
2.How long have you____B_____this city
A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to
3. My aunt ____D_____the TV for 4 months.
A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had
4. Mr Brown____C_____the car for 3 months.
A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys
5. The old man ____B_____for two days.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies
6.My sister has____D_____for 8 years.
A. become a driver B. left the city
C. arrived in the city D. lived here
7.How long have you____C_____
A. joined the team B. become a team leader
C. been in the team D. left the team
8. How long has she____C_____the newspaper
A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. buy
一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时专项练习
任务一：单项选择
1．—Do you want another slice of this pizza It's excellent.
—No, thanks. I ____C______enough and I'll full now.
A．have B．had C．have had D．am having
2．Tony ________D_______ the new bike for two years.
A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．has had
3．— Amy, you must be hungry after waiting for us for such a
long time.
— Don't worry. I ______D______ some cookies already.
A．am eating B．will eat C．was eating D．have eaten
4．The movie, Hi, Mom, is so moving that I _____C_______it
three times.
A．see B．am seeing C．have seen D．saw
5．—How long have you_______B__________
—For almost two years.
A．bought his bike B．worked in the factory
C．reached Jinan D．left your hometown
6．—Do you know Lucy's grandma
—Of course. She is a kind woman，but she ____C____for about
a month.
A．died B．has died C．has been dead
7．We ___C____ catch other since I came to Beijing, but we send
e-mails very often.
A．don't see B．didn't sec C．haven't seen D．won't see
8．—How long ____B____ you ________ the dictionary
—For two weeks.
A．will; buy B．have; had C．have; bought D．did; buy
9．87.2% of parents in China ______D_____ online courses for their
children so far.
A．buyB．bought C．are buying D．have bought
10．In the past 70 years, China ____B____ historic changes and made
great achievements. I'm so proud ________ being a Chinese.
A．experienced; of B．has experienced; of
C．experiences; in D．would experience; in
11．Jane_____C_______ any letter to her friends since she left
home.
A．doesn't write B．didn't write
C．hasn't written D．won't write
12．—Is your mother a doctor, Peter
—Yes, she _____C_____ in Chaoyang Hospital for nearly 20 years.
A．worked B．is working C．has worked D．will work
13．I _____C____here for three years.
A．study B．am studying
C．have studied D．will study
14．It is really a great movie. I _______D______ it several times.
A．see B．saw
C．will see D．have seen
15．—Ten years has passed since we came to Zhangqiu.
—How time flies! We have____C_____here for so long.
A．come B．arrived C．worked D．left
16．So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones
___C___a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing
C．has increased D．have increased
17．—Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
—I ____A______ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A．have cleaned B．cleaned C．clean
18．—COVID -19 is spreading wildly in India. Take care!
—Yes. More than 300,000 people ____C____there.
A．die B．are dying C．have died
19．Mr. Smith___C___ Chinese for two years. He's much better at it now.
A．learns B．was learning C．has learned D．will learn
20．I ____D____this bike for three years. I like it so much.
A．bought B．had
C．have bought D．have had
任务二：词汇运用：单词拼写+语法填空
1.I think John has already Received(收到)my package, or he
will call me to ask about it.
2.Recently, the number of people who speak Chinese has
increased (增加) a lot in the world.
3."Sky eye" has Changed (改变) from "China's eye"to "the world's eye".
4.In recent years, traditional friendship between China and Cuba
has developed (develop) in all-around way.
5.Tom's uncle has been dead (die) for seven years.
任务三：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Every student has seen (see) the film already.
2. Kent and I have written (write) a song before.
3. Dick has been doing (do) the work these days.
4. The people in the mountains have never seen (see) films.
5. Patty have bought (buy) a magazine about the school life.
6. The actress lives (live) here all her life.
7. The glass is broken. Who breaks (break) this glass
8. Finally the workers finished (finish) that job.
9. Have you borrowed (borrow) the book we talked abut last time
10. There’s no more wine in the bottle. They have droken (drink) all of it.
11. Tom has left (leave) a message for you. He called (call) last night.
12. I have seen (see) the movie once before. I love (love) it a lot.
13.I have already seen (see)the film. I saw (see)it last week.
14.--Has he finished (finish) his work today --Not yet .
15.--Have you been (be)to Hong Kong
--Yes, I have been (be)there twice .
16.--Have you ever eaten (eat )chocolate sundaes
--No, never.
17.My father has just come (come) back from work .He is tired now.
18.Where’s Li Ming He has gone (go)to the Teacher’s office.
19.Shanghai was (be) a small town hundreds of years ago.
Now it has become (become) a large city.
20.I have worked (work) here since I moved (move) here in 1999.
任务四：句型转换。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
I have not been to Macau before.
2.He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill. (就划线部分提问)
Why has he come to school
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
How long has he learned English
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用 just改写)
I have just bought a new bike.
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We have learned English for three years
6. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）
The factory have opened for ten years.
7.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问)
How often have they cleaned the classroom this week
8 My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）
My father has been to England twice.
9. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）
John has been away Beijing for three years.
10. His company closed in 2003. （同义句）
His company has closed since 2003.
11. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）
My father has had the car for half a year.
任务五：按要求填空。
用 already或 yet
① --Have they taken down the old pictures yet
--No, not yet.
②Most of us have already finished our compositions
③ He said he hadn’t visited his home yet.
用 since 或 for
①Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October.
② Mrs Liao has been in hospital since last week.
③I have stayed at my aunt’s for two weeks.
④Jill has been in Ireland since Monday.
⑤Jill has been in Ireland for three days.
⑥My aunt has lived in Australia for 15 days.
⑦Margaret is in her office. She has been theresince 7 o’clock.
⑧India has been to Shanghai since 1974.
用 have gone 或 have been
①--Where are the boy students
--They have gone to the school factory.
② --Is your father in
--No, he has gone to Shenzhen.
--Has he ever been there before
--Yes, he have been there several times
③ He asked me if I have been to Hangzhou before. I told him that I
wanted to go there for a visit as I have never been to that city before.现在完成时的用法
1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already had my lunch.
例句：
1. _____________________________
你已经把我的食物吃光了。（言外之意，我没有食物可吃）
2. ________________________你变了。（即：你和以前不一
样）
3. _____________________________
他已经把书还给我了。（言外之意，书现在已经在我手里了）
注意：对于这一层概念的“现在完成时”，其实也可以用“过去时”，
只是由于语境表达的需要，需要强调某一动作完成后所产生的结
果或影响。所以，用现在完成时要比过去时更优。
2.从过去发生的动作，但该动作并未结束，且一直持续到现在。
I have lived here for four years.
I have lived here since four years ago.
例句：
1. _______________________________________
自从来到南京，他就住在这里。
2. _______________________________________
这个孩子从 2010年就开始学英语了。
3. _______________________________________
他们已经在电话上讲了 2个小时.
4. _______________________________________
这只小狗已经待在外面一周了
注意：该动作一直持续到现在，即：要用延续性动词
以上四个例句中的动词“live”，“learn”，“talk”，“stay”，均已表示发
生过，但这些动作还没有结束，仍然持续到现在。这四个动词均“可
持续”。
在表示延续性概念中，需要说明的是：
1.该动词一定要用延续性动词。如果是瞬间性动词，需转换成延续性
状态
2. 这一层概念中的时间状语通常是表示时间段。
（大多为：for+时间段，since+时间点/过去时）
如：
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. （since+ 过去时）
2.The boy has learnt the English since 2010. （since + 时间点）
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours. （for + 时间段）
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week. （for + 时间段）
瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换 难点
当给定时间段（for+时间，since+时间）的时候，动词一定要用
延续性动词，如果是给定瞬间性动词，则需要将其转换成延续性
状态。
3.表示过去的经历以及发生的次数
I have only been to the Great Wall once. 我仅去过长城一次。
Have you ever been to the concert. 你有去过那个音乐会吗
温馨提示：这一层概念的现在完成时，理解起来相对比较简单，
只要出现次数就是现在完成时。
现在完成时的构成
基本结构:主语+have / has + done(动词的过去分词)+其他
have/has:助动词 （可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句）无实际
意思。
例句：____________________
否定结构:have/has+ not
例句：____________________
一般疑问句:将“have/has” 提至句首
例句：____________________
例句：
1. The have finished the task. (肯定句)
______________________________（否定句）
______________________________ (一般疑问句)
2. He has been to the party. （肯定句）
______________________________ （否定句）
______________________________ （一般疑问句）
规则变化
过去分词的构成
① 直接加 ed: talk→__________ open→__________
② 以 e结尾的直接加 d：dance→_________ change→______
③ 辅音字母加 y结尾的变 y为 i再加 ed：study→__________
cry→__________
④ 重读辅元辅结尾双写辅音字母再加 ed：stop→__________
drop→__________
不规则变化
① AAA型 put-______-______ read-______-______
② ABA型 come-______-______ become-______-______
③ ABB型 meet-______-______ buy-______-______
④ ABC型 go-______-______ do-______-______
⑤ AAB型 beat-______-______
① AAA型 (共 10个)
② ABA型 (共 3个)
③ A—B—B型 (共 47个)
④ A—B—C型 (共 41个)
⑤ A—A—B型 (共 1个)
现在完成时的标志词
① ever, never, already; just, before; yet; recently 等
② since+时间点; for+ 一段时间
③ in the past/last+ 段时间
④ so far 到目前为止
1. 含有 already,just,yet等的现在完成时
① just表示“刚刚”，already表示“已经”，两者都用于__________
句中，一般是置于 have/has__________。
② yet 表 示 “ 还 未 ” ， 有 “ 以 后 可 能 会 ” 的 含 义 ， 用 于
____________________中，一般是置于__________。
already: “已经”，用于肯定句，放句中/句末
______________________________
yet: “已经”，用于否定/疑问句，放句末
______________________________
never: “从不”，用于肯定句表否定，放句中
______________________________
ever: “曾经”，放句中
______________________________
just:“刚刚”，放句中
______________________________
例句：
1.我已经到家了。I have __________ got home.（已经）
2.我还没到家。I haven’t got home __________. （仍，还）
3.我曾经见过那位影星。I have _____ seen that film star（. 曾经）
4.我从未见过那位影星。I have______ seen that film star（. 从不）
5.她刚刚吃过晚饭了。She have______ had supper.（刚刚）
用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。
1. I have ________ seen him before, so I have no idea about
him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. --“Have you ________ seen the film ”
--“No, I have _______ seen it.”
5. --“Has the bus left _______ ”
--“Yes, it has _________ left.”
选词填空。
1.他已经看过这个电影了。
He has________watched this film.
2.他曾经看过这个电影。 already；
He has________watched this film. never；
3.他从未看过这个电影。
ever；
He has________watched this film.
；
4. just他刚刚看过这个电影。
He has________watched this film.
2. since 和 for 的区别：
① since后+时间点，表示”自从”
如：________________________________________
② for后+一段时间，表示“长达多久”
如__________________________________________
连线
for 和 since对比练习
1.Tim has been in China ______ Monday.
2.Tom has been in China ______ two weeks.
3.Her sister has lived in Australia ______ three years
4.Elizabeth is in her office. She has been there ______ 7
o’clock.
用 how long提问, 用 since/for回答。
live in Guilin; for 25 years
A: How long _____ you _____ in Guilin
B: I __________ in Guilin ____________.
play basketball; for 3 years
A: How long _____ you _______________
B: I __________ it___________.
use this book; since 2017
A: How long _______ Bill ________________
B: He ___________ it ________________.
know your best friend; since last year
A: How long ________ you ________________________
B: I ______________ her/him ________________.
现在完成时的句型转换
陈述句变为否定句：
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为否定句）
I ________ ________ finished my homework.
2.I have cleaned my room.（变为否定句）
I ________ ________cleaned my room.
3.She has had lunch.（变为否定句）
She ________ ________ had lunch.
陈述句变一般疑问句
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为一般疑问句）
________ ________ finished ________ homework
肯/否定回答： Yes, ________ ________ .
No, ________ ________ .
2.She has had lunch.（变为一般疑问句）
________ ________ had lunch.
肯/否定回答： Yes, ________ ________ .
No, ________ ________ .
按要求完成句子
1.I have seen this film.（改为否定句）
__________________________
2. They have cleaned the classroom.（改为一般疑问句并做肯否回
答）
_______________________________
_______________________________
3.Mom has already made the supper.(改为否句和一般疑问句）
______________________________
______________________________
翻译下列句子
1.你曾经吃过鱼吗？
___________________________
2.他已经吃过午饭了。
___________________________
3.你已经看过这部电影了吗？
________________________________
4.我刚刚去过云南。
___________________________
5. 你的爸爸刚刚去了北京吗？
__________________________________
现在完成时的重难点
have/has been to与 have/has gone to
have been to:去过某地，已回
have gone to:去过某地，未回
She has________ to Shanghai. 她(已经)去上海了。
She has________ to Shanghai. 她(曾经) 去过上海。
The girl has ________to school. 这个女孩（已经）去上学了。
The boy has ________ to school. 这个男孩去过学校了。
have been/gone to 区别练习
1. —Where's Jim
—He________ ________ ________New York.
2. She________ ________ ________the park, and she will
be back in two hours.
3. They________ ________ ________the forest and
returned safely.
4. I________ ________ ________the Yun Long Lake. Look,
I have taken many photos.
翻译句子
1.妈妈不在这，她去上班了。
________________________________
2.Tom已经去过上海两次了。
________________________________
延续性动词与非延续性动词
比较观察
I lived in Beijing ten years ago.
I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
I have lived in Beijing since ten years ago.
We studied English ten years ago.
We have studied English for ten years
We have studied English since ten years ago.
I bought the book two weeks ago.
I have bought the book for two weeks.
Jobs died eleven years ago .
Jobs has died for eleven years.
buy，die这两个动作 从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”, 几乎同时或
在极短的时间里（如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’）就完成了“开始—结束”
的过程，这样的动词我们叫做非延续性动词，非延续动词不能喝
for+时间段，since+时间点/段连用。
翻译句子
1. 我妈妈养了这只小狗两年了（kept）。
_______________________________________
_____________________________________________
2. 我们已经在这里工作了 5 年。
_______________________________
______________________________________
3. 这场雨已经持续了 2小时。（lasted)
_______________________________
______________________________________
4. 我买这本书三年了。
_____________________________________
______________________________________
5. 他离开北京两年了。
_____________________________________
_______________________________________________
6.我们借这本书两月了。
_____________________________________
________________________________
改错
1. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. _________
2. The river has become very dirty since last August.
_________
3. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on
business. _________
4.His grandma has died for two years. _________
单项选择
Tom _________for several hours.
A. went to bed B. has been in bed
C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed
2.How long have you_________this city
A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to
3. My aunt _________the TV for 4 months.
A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had
4. Mr Brown_________the car for 3 months.
A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys
5. The old man _________for two days.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies
6.My sister has_________for 8 years.
A. become a driver B. left the city
C. arrived in the city D. lived here
7.How long have you_________
A. joined the team B. become a team leader
C. been in the team D. left the team
8. How long has she_________the newspaper
A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. buy
一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时专项练习
任务一：单项选择
1．—Do you want another slice of this pizza It's excellent.
—No, thanks. I __________enough and I'll full now.
A．have B．had C．have had D．am having
2．Tony _______________ the new bike for two years.
A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．has had
3．— Amy, you must be hungry after waiting for us for such a
long time.
— Don't worry. I ____________ some cookies already.
A．am eating B．will eat C．was eating D．have eaten
4．The movie, Hi, Mom, is so moving that I ____________it
three times.
A．see B．am seeing C．have seen D．saw
5．—How long have you_________________
—For almost two years.
A．bought his bike B．worked in the factory
C．reached Jinan D．left your hometown
6．—Do you know Lucy's grandma
—Of course. She is a kind woman，but she ________for about
a month.
A．died B．has died C．has been dead
7．We _______ catch other since I came to Beijing, but we send
e-mails very often.
A．don't see B．didn't sec C．haven't seen D．won't see
8．—How long ________ you ________ the dictionary
—For two weeks.
A．will; buy B．have; had C．have; bought D．did; buy
9． 87.2% of parents in China ___________ online courses for their
children so far.
A．buyB．bought C．are buying D．have bought
10．In the past 70 years, China ________ historic changes and made great
achievements. I'm so proud ________ being a Chinese.
A．experienced; of B．has experienced; of
C．experiences; in D．would experience; in
11．Jane____________ any letter to her friends since she left
home.
A．doesn't write B．didn't write
C．hasn't written D．won't write
12．—Is your mother a doctor, Peter
—Yes, she __________ in Chaoyang Hospital for nearly 20 years.
A．worked B．is working C．has worked D．will work
13．I _________here for three years.
A．study B．am studying
C．have studied D．will study
14．It is really a great movie. I _____________ it several times.
A．see B．saw
C．will see D．have seen
15．—Ten years has passed since we came to Zhangqiu.
—How time flies! We have_________here for so long.
A．come B．arrived C．worked D．left
16．So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones
______a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing
C．has increased D．have increased
17．—Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
—I __________ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A．have cleaned B．cleaned C．clean
18．—COVID -19 is spreading wildly in India. Take care!
—Yes. More than 300,000 people ________there.
A．die B．are dying C．have died
19．Mr. Smith______ Chinese for two years. He's much better at it now.
A．learns B．was learning C．has learned D．will learn
20．I ________this bike for three years. I like it so much.
A．bought B．had
C．have bought D．have had
任务二：词汇运用：单词拼写+语法填空
1.I think John has already________(收到)my package, or he
will call me to ask about it.
2.Recently, the number of people who speak Chinese has
________(增加) a lot in the world.
3."Sky eye" has________(改变) from "China's eye"to "the world's eye".
4.In recent years, traditional friendship between China and Cuba
___________(develop) in all-around way.
5.Tom's uncle has been________(die) for seven years.
任务三：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Every student _________________ (see) the film already.
2. Kent and I __________________ (write) a song before.
3. Dick _______________ (do) the work these days.
4. The people in the mountains ________ never ________ (see) films.
5. Patty _______________ (buy) a magazine about the school life.
6. The actress ________________ (live) here all her life.
7. The glass is broken. Who ________ (break) this glass
8. Finally the workers ______________ (finish) that job.
9. ________ you ________ (borrow) the book we talked abut last time
10. There’s no more wine in the bottle. They ______________ (drink) all
of it.
11. Tom ________ (leave) a message for you. He ________ (call) last
night.
12. I ______________ (see) the movie once before. I __________ (love)
it a lot.
13.I_______already_______(see)the film. I_______(see)it last week.
14.--______ he _________(finish) his work today --Not yet .
15.--______you ______(be)to Hong Kong
--Yes, I _________(be)there twice .
16.--______ you ever ________(eat )chocolate sundaes
--No, never.
17.My father _______just ________(come) back from work .He is tired
now.
18.Where’s Li Ming He________(go)to the Teacher’s office.
19.Shanghai _________(be) a small town hundreds of years ago.
Now it ______________ (become) a large city.
20.I ___________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
任务四：句型转换。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
I ______ ________ been to Macau before.
2.He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ he come to school
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
______ ______ _______ ________ learned English
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用 just改写)
I ________ just __________ a new bike.
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ________ _______English ________three years
6. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）
The factory _______ ________ ______ ten years.
7.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问)
_____ _____ _______ they ________ the classroom this week
8 My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）
My father _____ ______ _____ England _____.
9. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）
John_______ ______ ______ Beijing_____ three years.
10. His company closed in 2003. （同义句）
His company _____ _____ _____ 2003.
11. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）
My father ______ ______ the car _______ half a year.
任务五：按要求填空。
用 already或 yet
① --Have they taken down the old pictures ______
--No, not ___________.
②Most of us have ___________finished our compositions
③ He said he hadn’t visited his home ________.
用 since 或 for
①Mike has been ill _____a long time. He has been in hospital ______
October.
② Mrs Liao has been in hospital _________last week.
③I have stayed at my aunt’s __________two weeks.
④Jill has been in Ireland ________ Monday.
⑤Jill has been in Ireland _____________ three days.
⑥My aunt has lived in Australia __________ 15 days.
⑦Margaret is in her office. She has been there__________7 o’clock.
⑧India has been to Shanghai___________1974.
用 have gone 或 have been
①--Where are the boy students
--They ___________to the school factory.
② --Is your father in
--No, he ___________to Shenzhen.
--_______ he ever ______there before
--Yes, he ____________there several times
③ He asked me if I __________to Hangzhou before. I told him that I
wanted to go there for a visit as I ___________never ________ to that
city before.中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
现在完成时的用法
1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already had my lunch.
例句：
1. You’ve eaten my food.
你已经把我的食物吃光了。（言外之意，我没有食物可吃）
2. You’ve changed. 你变了。（即：你和以前不一样）
3. He has returned the book to me.
他已经把书还给我了。（言外之意，书现在已经在我手里了）
注意：对于这一层概念的“现在完成时”，其实也可以用“过去时”，只是由于语境表达的需要，需要强调某一动作完成后所产生的结果或影响。所以，用现在完成时要比过去时更优。
2.从过去发生的动作，但该动作并未结束，且一直持续到现在。
I have lived here for four years.
I have lived here since four years ago.
例句：
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing.
自从来到南京，他就住在这里。
2. The boy has learnt the English since 2010.
这个孩子从2010年就开始学英语了。
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours.
他们已经在电话上讲了2个小时.
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week.
这只小狗已经待在外面一周了
注意：该动作一直持续到现在，即：要用延续性动词
以上四个例句中的动词“live”，“learn”，“talk”，“stay”，均已表示发生过，但这些动作还没有结束，仍然持续到现在。这四个动词均“可持续”。
在表示延续性概念中，需要说明的是：
1.该动词一定要用延续性动词。如果是瞬间性动词，需转换成延续性状态
2. 这一层概念中的时间状语通常是表示时间段。
（大多为：for+时间段，since+时间点/过去时）
如：
1. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. （since+ 过去时）
2.The boy has learnt the English since 2010. （since + 时间点）
3. They have talked on the phone for 2 hours. （for + 时间段）
4. The dog has stayed outside for one week. （for + 时间段）
瞬间性动词”和“延续性动词”的转换
当给定时间段（for+时间，since+时间）的时候，动词一定要用延续性动词，如果是给定瞬间性动词，则需要将其转换成延续性状态。
3.表示过去的经历以及发生的次数
I have only been to the Great Wall once. 我仅去过长城一次。
Have you ever been to the concert. 你有去过那个音乐会吗
温馨提示：这一层概念的现在完成时，理解起来相对比较简单，
只要出现次数就是现在完成时。
现在完成时的构成
基本结构:主语+have / has + done(动词的过去分词)+其他
have/has:助动词 （可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句）无实际意思。
例句：She has cleaned her room.
否定结构:have/has+ not
例句：She hasn’t cleaned her room.
一般疑问句:将“have/has” 提至句首
例句：Has she cleaned her room
例句：
1. The have finished the task. (肯定句)
They have not finished the task. （否定句）
Have they finished the task (一般疑问句)
2. He has been to the party. （肯定句）
He has not been to the party. （否定句）
Has he been to the party （一般疑问句）
过去分词的构成
① 直接加ed: talk→talked open→opened
② 以e结尾的直接加d：dance→danced change→changed
③ 辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed：study→studied
cry→cried
④ 重读辅元辅结尾双写辅音字母再加ed：stop→stopped
drop→dropped
① AAA型 put-put-put read-read-read
② ABA型 come-came-came become-became-become
③ ABB型 meet-met-met buy-bought-bought
④ ABC型 go-went-gone do-did-done
⑤ AAB型 beat-beat-beaten
① AAA型 (共10个)
② ABA型 (共3个)
③ A—B—B型 (共47个)
④ A—B—C型 (共41个)
⑤ A—A—B型 (共1个)
现在完成时的标志词
① ever, never, already; just, before; yet; recently 等
② since+时间点; for+ 一段时间
③ in the past/last+ 段时间
④ so far 到目前为止
1. 含有already,just,yet等的现在完成时
① just表示“刚刚”，already表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have/has之后。
② yet表示“还未”，有“以后可能会”的含义，用于否定句和疑问句中，一般是置于句末。
already: “已经”，用于肯定句，放句中/句末
I have already read the book.
yet: “已经”，用于否定/疑问句，放句末
Have you finished yet
never: “从不”，用于肯定句表否定，放句中
She has never danced.
ever: “曾经”，放句中
I have ever watched the film.
just:“刚刚”，放句中
We have just had a break.
例句：
1.我已经到家了。I have already got home.（已经）
2.我还没到家。I haven’t got home yet. （仍，还）
3.我曾经见过那位影星。 I have ever seen that film star.（曾经）
4.我从未见过那位影星。I have never seen that film star.（从不）
5.她刚刚吃过晚饭了。She have just had supper.（刚刚）
用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空。
1. I have never seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has just finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school for ten years.
4. --“Have you never seen the film ”
--“No, I have ever seen it.”
5. --“Has the bus left yet ”
--“Yes, it has already left.”
选词填空。
1.他已经看过这个电影了。
He has already watched this film.
2.他曾经看过这个电影。
He has ever watched this film.
3.他从未看过这个电影。
He has never watched this film.
4.他刚刚看过这个电影。
He has just watched this film.
2. since 和for 的区别：
① since后+时间点，表示”自从”
如：2001，yesterday， last week, the time I got there, November
② for后+一段时间，表示“长达多久”
如ten years. three days, a while等
连线
for 和 since对比练习
1.Tim has been in China since Monday.
2.Tom has been in China for two weeks.
3.Her sister has lived in Australia for three years
4.Elizabeth is in her office. She has been there since 7 o’clock.
用how long提问, 用since/for回答。
live in Guilin; for 25 years
A: How long have you lived in Guilin
B: I have lived in Guilin for 25 years.
play basketball; for 3 years
A: How long have you played basketball
B: I have played it for 3 years .
use this book; since 2017
A: How long has Bill used this book
B: He has used it since 2017.
know your best friend; since last year
A: How long have you known your best friend
B: I have known her/him since last year.
现在完成时的句型转换
陈述句变为否定句：
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为否定句）
I have not finished my homework.
2.I have cleaned my room.（变为否定句）
I have not cleaned my room.
3.She has had lunch.（变为否定句）
She has not had lunch.
陈述句变一般疑问句
按要求完成句子
1.I have finished my homework.（变为一般疑问句）
Have you finished your homework
肯/否定回答： Yes, I have .
No, I haven’t .
2.She has had lunch.（变为一般疑问句）
Has she had lunch.
肯/否定回答： Yes, she has.
No, she hasn’t .
按要求完成句子
1.I have seen this film.（改为否定句）
I have not seen this film.
2. They have cleaned the classroom.（改为一般疑问句并做肯否回答）
Have they clean the classroom
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
3.Mom has already made the supper.(改为否句和一般疑问句）
Mom hasn’t made the supper yet.
Has mom made the supper yet
翻译下列句子
1.你曾经吃过鱼吗？
Have you ever eaten fish
2.他已经吃过午饭了。
He has already had lunch.
3.你已经看过这部电影了吗？
Have you watched this movie yet
4.我刚刚去过云南。
I have just been to Yunnan.
5. 你的爸爸刚刚去了北京吗？
Has your father just gone to Beijing
现在完成时的重难点
have/has been to与have/has gone to
have been to:去过某地，已回
have gone to:去过某地，未回
She has gone to Shanghai. 她(已经)去上海了。
She has been to Shanghai. 她(曾经) 去过上海。
The girl has gone to school. 这个女孩（已经）去上学了。
The boy has been to school. 这个男孩去过学校了。
have been/gone to 区别练习
1. —Where's Jim
—He has gone to New York.
2. She has gone to the park, and she will be back in two hours.
3. They has been to the forest and returned safely.
4. I has been to the Yun Long Lake. Look, I have taken many photos.
翻译句子
1.妈妈不在这，她去上班了。
Mom isn’t here, she has gone to work.
2.Tom已经去过上海两次了。
Tom has been to Shanghai twice.
延续性动词与非延续性动词
比较观察
I lived in Beijing ten years ago.
I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
I have lived in Beijing since ten years ago.
We studied English ten years ago.
We have studied English for ten years
We have studied English since ten years ago.
I bought the book two weeks ago.
I have bought the book for two weeks.
Jobs died eleven years ago .
Jobs has died for eleven years.
buy，die这两个动作 从“开始发生”到 “结束/终止”, 几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如‘几秒钟/几分钟内’）就完成了“开始—结束”的过程，这样的动词我们叫做非延续性动词，非延续动词不能喝for+时间段，since+时间点/段连用。
翻译句子
1. 我妈妈养了这只小狗两年了（kept）。
My mother has kept the little dog for two years.
My mother has kept the little dog since two years ago.
2. 我们已经在这里工作了5年。
We have worked here for five years.
We have worked here since five years ago.
3. 这场雨已经持续了2小时。（lasted)
The rain has lasted for two hours.
The rain has lasted since two hours ago.
4. 我买这本书三年了。
I have had the book for three years.
I have had the book since three years ago.
5. 他离开北京两年了。
He has been away from Beijing for two years.
He has been away from Beijing since two years ago.
6.我们借这本书两月了。
The rain has lasted for two hours.
The rain has lasted for two hours.
改错
1. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. kept
2. The river has become very dirty since last August. been
3. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on
business. gone
4.His grandma has died for two years. been dead
单项选择
1.Tom ____B_____for several hours.
A. went to bed B. has been in bed
C. has gone to bed D. has been to bed
2.How long have you____B_____this city
A. been to B. been in C. come to D. gone to
3. My aunt ____D_____the TV for 4 months.
A. has bought B. was bought C. was had D. has had
4. Mr Brown____C_____the car for 3 months.
A. bought B. had bought C. has had D. buys
5. The old man ____B_____for two days.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D.dies
6.My sister has____D_____for 8 years.
A. become a driver B. left the city
C. arrived in the city D. lived here
7.How long have you____C_____
A. joined the team B. become a team leader
C. been in the team D. left the team
8. How long has she____C_____the newspaper
A. borrow B. lend C. kept D. buy
一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时专项练习
任务一：单项选择
1．—Do you want another slice of this pizza It's excellent.
—No, thanks. I ____C______enough and I'll full now.
A．have B．had C．have had D．am having
2．Tony ________D_______ the new bike for two years.
A．buys B．bought C．has bought D．has had
3．— Amy, you must be hungry after waiting for us for such a
long time.
— Don't worry. I ______D______ some cookies already.
A．am eating B．will eat C．was eating D．have eaten
4．The movie, Hi, Mom, is so moving that I _____C_______it
three times.
A．see B．am seeing C．have seen D．saw
5．—How long have you_______B__________
—For almost two years.
A．bought his bike B．worked in the factory
C．reached Jinan D．left your hometown
6．—Do you know Lucy's grandma
—Of course. She is a kind woman，but she ____C____for about
a month.
A．died B．has died C．has been dead
7．We ___C____ catch other since I came to Beijing, but we send
e-mails very often.
A．don't see B．didn't sec C．haven't seen D．won't see
8．—How long ____B____ you ________ the dictionary
—For two weeks.
A．will; buy B．have; had C．have; bought D．did; buy
9．87.2% of parents in China ______D_____ online courses for their children so far.
A．buy B．bought C．are buying D．have bought
10．In the past 70 years, China ____B____ historic changes and made great achievements. I'm so proud ________ being a Chinese.
A．experienced; of B．has experienced; of
C．experiences; in D．would experience; in
11．Jane_____C_______ any letter to her friends since she left
home.
A．doesn't write B．didn't write
C．hasn't written D．won't write
12．—Is your mother a doctor, Peter
—Yes, she _____C_____ in Chaoyang Hospital for nearly 20 years.
A．worked B．is working C．has worked D．will work
13．I _____C____here for three years.
A．study B．am studying
C．have studied D．will study
14．It is really a great movie. I _______D______ it several times.
A．see B．saw
C．will see D．have seen
15．—Ten years has passed since we came to Zhangqiu.
—How time flies! We have____C_____here for so long.
A．come B．arrived C．worked D．left
16．So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones
___C___a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing
C．has increased D．have increased
17．—Alex, go and clean your bedroom.
—I ____A______ it. It's tidy and clean now.
A．have cleaned B．cleaned C．clean
18．—COVID -19 is spreading wildly in India. Take care!
—Yes. More than 300,000 people ____C____there.
A．die B．are dying C．have died
19．Mr. Smith___C___ Chinese for two years. He's much better at it now.
A．learns B．was learning C．has learned D．will learn
20．I ____D____this bike for three years. I like it so much.
A．bought B．had
C．have bought D．have had
任务二：词汇运用：单词拼写+语法填空
1.I think John has already Received(收到)my package, or he
will call me to ask about it.
2.Recently, the number of people who speak Chinese has increased (增加) a lot in the world.
3."Sky eye" has Changed (改变) from "China's eye"to "the world's eye".
4.In recent years, traditional friendship between China and Cuba has developed (develop) in all-around way.
5.Tom's uncle has been dead (die) for seven years.
任务三：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Every student has seen (see) the film already.
2. Kent and I have written (write) a song before.
3. Dick has been doing (do) the work these days.
4. The people in the mountains have never seen (see) films.
5. Patty have bought (buy) a magazine about the school life.
6. The actress lives (live) here all her life.
7. The glass is broken. Who breaks (break) this glass
8. Finally the workers finished (finish) that job.
9. Have you borrowed (borrow) the book we talked abut last time
10. There’s no more wine in the bottle. They have droken (drink) all of it.
11. Tom has left (leave) a message for you. He called (call) last night.
12. I have seen (see) the movie once before. I love (love) it a lot.
13.I have already seen (see)the film. I saw (see)it last week.
14.--Has he finished (finish) his work today --Not yet .
15.--Have you been (be)to Hong Kong
--Yes, I have been (be)there twice .
16.--Have you ever eaten (eat )chocolate sundaes
--No, never.
17.My father has just come (come) back from work .He is tired now.
18.Where’s Li Ming He has gone (go)to the Teacher’s office.
19.Shanghai was (be) a small town hundreds of years ago.
Now it has become (become) a large city.
20.I have worked (work) here since I moved (move) here in 1999.
任务四：句型转换。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
I have not been to Macau before.
2.He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill. (就划线部分提问)
Why has he come to school
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
How long has he learned English
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)
I have just bought a new bike.
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We have learned English for three years
6. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句）
The factory have opened for ten years.
7.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就划线部分提问)
How often have they cleaned the classroom this week
8 My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句）
My father has been to England twice.
9. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）
John has been away Beijing for three years.
10. His company closed in 2003. （同义句）
His company has closed since 2003.
11. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句）
My father has had the car for half a year.
任务五：按要求填空。
用 already或 yet
① --Have they taken down the old pictures yet
--No, not yet.
②Most of us have already finished our compositions
③ He said he hadn’t visited his home yet.
用 since或 for
①Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October.
② Mrs Liao has been in hospital since last week.
③I have stayed at my aunt’s for two weeks.
④Jill has been in Ireland since Monday.
⑤Jill has been in Ireland for three days.
⑥My aunt has lived in Australia for 15 days.
⑦Margaret is in her office. She has been theresince 7 o’clock.
⑧India has been to Shanghai since 1974.
用have gone或 have been
①--Where are the boy students
--They have gone to the school factory.
② --Is your father in
--No, he has gone to Shenzhen.
--Has he ever been there before
--Yes, he have been there several times
③ He asked me if I have been to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I have never been to that city before.
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