2024年人教版小升初动词的分类及巩固练习（无答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2024-03-28 12:46:45 | ||
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2024年人教版小升初动词的分类及巩固练习
动词是表示主语做什么（行为动词）或表示主语是什么或怎么样（状态动词）的词。如表示动作的动词go, do, write, work, like, enter等；表示状态的动词be，keep , feel,sound等。
根据在句子中的功能，动词分为行为动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
实义动词（行为动词）
行为动词也叫实义动词，有完整的词义，并能单独作谓语。根据其句法作用可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
及物动词和不及物动词
分类 举例 备注
及物动词vt: 不能单独结尾，其后不能用介词。 love, buy, enjoy, teach, watch 及物动词+宾语： I really enjoy the movie.
不及物动词vi: 能单独结尾，要接宾语时其后必须用介词 listen ( to ), wait (for), look (at/ after/ for) worry (about) talk (to/ about) 主语+不及物动词 He arrived. 不及物动词+介词+宾语 He is listening to music.
二、助动词
助动词本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须和别的动词连用，一起构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。
分类 例词 否定形式
do do/does/did后只能跟动词原形；与not及其他动词结合构成否定句；置于主语之前构成疑问句；用于动词原形前加强语气 don’t. doesn’t, didn’t
will(would) will+动词原形（一般将来时） would+动词原形（过去将来时） won’t wouldn’t
三、系动词
系动词本身有意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语在一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。
分类 例词 备注
状态类系动词 be（am, is, are, was, were） 后面一般接形容词作表语
变化类系动词 become, get, turn, grow
持续类系动词 keep, stay
感官类系动词 feel, look, smell, taste, sound
情态动词
情态动词也是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的情绪、语气或态度。情态动词所表示的情态有请求、命令、允许、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完整，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化（have to 除外），且后面只接动词原形。
分类 用法 举例 备注
can 表示允许 Can I borrow your bike can’t 表示猜测时，意为“不可能是，一定不是”
表示推测，常用于否定或疑问句中 Can it be true
表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”意为“能，会” I can speak a little Chinese. 与be able to 的区别：can 只用于现在时和过去时（could），而be able to可以用于各种时态
could can的过去式，表示过去有能力及过去的可能性 She could swim when she was five years old.
表示客气地请求或委婉地陈述意见 Could I borrow your bike 肯定回答用Yes,please./Sure.等；否定回答用Sorry, you can’t. 等
must 表示肯定的猜测，意思是“一定，准是” The book must be Tom’s. Look, his name is on it. 以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, you must.”,否定回答用“No，you needn’t.”或“No, you don’t have to.” mustn’t表示“禁止”
表示“必须”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事 As students, we must work hard at our lessons.
need 表示“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 Need I come Yes, you must. need引导的疑问句，肯定回答多用must,否定回答时用needn’t
should 应该，表示劝告或建议 Who should I meet tonight
have to 不得不，必须 My brother was very ill, so I have to take him to see the doctor.
动词巩固练习
Exercise 1
指出下列各句中划线部分是什么动词，并说明词义，例如：
All of us study hard.（vi. 学习）
1、He began to work at seven this morning.（ ）
2、We must take the old woman to the hospital at once.（ ）
4、Billy felt very sad when he heard the bad news.（ ）
5、Don’t think of yourself；think of others.（ ）
7、We are college students now, but we were at the factory two years ago.（ ）
8、Mr. Black got angry when he saw Jenny come to school late again.（ ）
9、Please wash your hands before each meal.（ ）
Exercise 2
区别下列多组句子中的动作，指出下列划线动词是连系动词还是行为动词，并写出词义：
1、She looks well.（ ）
She tried to look at the blackboard but saw nothing.（ ）
2、The students felt unhappy.（ ）
I felt someone touch my back.（ ）
3、It was snowing hard when he got to the city.（ ）
It’s too late. It’s getting darker and darker.（ ）
4、The teacher asked the student to turn it over.（ ）
The leaves of the trees turn green when spring comes.（ ）
5、The young trees grow fast.（ ）
It began to grow dark.（ ）
6、The bell sounded at 12o’clock for lunch.（ ）
The music sounds nice.（ ）
Exercise 3情态动词单选题
( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
.A.may B. can C. has to D. must
( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam.
A.can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to
( ) 3 -May I take this book out -No, you___.
can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't
( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.
A.can B. must C. dare D. would
( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese -No, I____.
A.mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it ___be very difficult.
A.may B. must C. can D. need
( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.
A.can B. shall C. must D. has to
( ) 5 ___ I take this one
A.May B. Will C. Are D. Do
( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road.
A.can't B. can C. mustn't D. must
( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time.
A.mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to
( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once -No, you___.
A.needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not
( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.
A.has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to
( ) 2 You'd better___late next time.
A.not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be
( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.
A.had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted
( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.
had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not
( ) 3 -___ I take the newspaper away -No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.
Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must
( ) 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.
needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to
( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first -No, you___. You may have a rest first.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't
1. —Can your father drive
——Yes, and he usually to school.
A drove B is driving C drives D has driven
2. If I find his phone number, I you.
A tell B told C will tell D have told
3. The teacher told the students that the earth round, not flat.
A is B was C has been D is being
1. Yesterday，Tony’ s family a good time.
A has B have C had
2. We were in Qingdao last week and great fun there.
A will have B have had C had D have
1. — Why are you in such a hurry, Mike
— There an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A will have B will be C is going to have D are going to be
2. In five years, I a doctor.
A will be B was C am
Mr. Green to the manager now. You’d better call him later.
A talk B is talking C talked D was talking
2. Everything on the earth all the time.
A is changing B is changed C has changed D has been changed
3. Be quiet, please. The students a class now.
A have B had C are having D were having
动词是表示主语做什么（行为动词）或表示主语是什么或怎么样（状态动词）的词。如表示动作的动词go, do, write, work, like, enter等；表示状态的动词be，keep , feel,sound等。
根据在句子中的功能，动词分为行为动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
实义动词（行为动词）
行为动词也叫实义动词，有完整的词义，并能单独作谓语。根据其句法作用可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
及物动词和不及物动词
分类 举例 备注
及物动词vt: 不能单独结尾，其后不能用介词。 love, buy, enjoy, teach, watch 及物动词+宾语： I really enjoy the movie.
不及物动词vi: 能单独结尾，要接宾语时其后必须用介词 listen ( to ), wait (for), look (at/ after/ for) worry (about) talk (to/ about) 主语+不及物动词 He arrived. 不及物动词+介词+宾语 He is listening to music.
二、助动词
助动词本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须和别的动词连用，一起构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。
分类 例词 否定形式
do do/does/did后只能跟动词原形；与not及其他动词结合构成否定句；置于主语之前构成疑问句；用于动词原形前加强语气 don’t. doesn’t, didn’t
will(would) will+动词原形（一般将来时） would+动词原形（过去将来时） won’t wouldn’t
三、系动词
系动词本身有意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语在一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。
分类 例词 备注
状态类系动词 be（am, is, are, was, were） 后面一般接形容词作表语
变化类系动词 become, get, turn, grow
持续类系动词 keep, stay
感官类系动词 feel, look, smell, taste, sound
情态动词
情态动词也是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的情绪、语气或态度。情态动词所表示的情态有请求、命令、允许、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完整，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化（have to 除外），且后面只接动词原形。
分类 用法 举例 备注
can 表示允许 Can I borrow your bike can’t 表示猜测时，意为“不可能是，一定不是”
表示推测，常用于否定或疑问句中 Can it be true
表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”意为“能，会” I can speak a little Chinese. 与be able to 的区别：can 只用于现在时和过去时（could），而be able to可以用于各种时态
could can的过去式，表示过去有能力及过去的可能性 She could swim when she was five years old.
表示客气地请求或委婉地陈述意见 Could I borrow your bike 肯定回答用Yes,please./Sure.等；否定回答用Sorry, you can’t. 等
must 表示肯定的猜测，意思是“一定，准是” The book must be Tom’s. Look, his name is on it. 以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, you must.”,否定回答用“No，you needn’t.”或“No, you don’t have to.” mustn’t表示“禁止”
表示“必须”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事 As students, we must work hard at our lessons.
need 表示“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 Need I come Yes, you must. need引导的疑问句，肯定回答多用must,否定回答时用needn’t
should 应该，表示劝告或建议 Who should I meet tonight
have to 不得不，必须 My brother was very ill, so I have to take him to see the doctor.
动词巩固练习
Exercise 1
指出下列各句中划线部分是什么动词，并说明词义，例如：
All of us study hard.（vi. 学习）
1、He began to work at seven this morning.（ ）
2、We must take the old woman to the hospital at once.（ ）
4、Billy felt very sad when he heard the bad news.（ ）
5、Don’t think of yourself；think of others.（ ）
7、We are college students now, but we were at the factory two years ago.（ ）
8、Mr. Black got angry when he saw Jenny come to school late again.（ ）
9、Please wash your hands before each meal.（ ）
Exercise 2
区别下列多组句子中的动作，指出下列划线动词是连系动词还是行为动词，并写出词义：
1、She looks well.（ ）
She tried to look at the blackboard but saw nothing.（ ）
2、The students felt unhappy.（ ）
I felt someone touch my back.（ ）
3、It was snowing hard when he got to the city.（ ）
It’s too late. It’s getting darker and darker.（ ）
4、The teacher asked the student to turn it over.（ ）
The leaves of the trees turn green when spring comes.（ ）
5、The young trees grow fast.（ ）
It began to grow dark.（ ）
6、The bell sounded at 12o’clock for lunch.（ ）
The music sounds nice.（ ）
Exercise 3情态动词单选题
( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
.A.may B. can C. has to D. must
( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam.
A.can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to
( ) 3 -May I take this book out -No, you___.
can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't
( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.
A.can B. must C. dare D. would
( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese -No, I____.
A.mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it ___be very difficult.
A.may B. must C. can D. need
( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.
A.can B. shall C. must D. has to
( ) 5 ___ I take this one
A.May B. Will C. Are D. Do
( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road.
A.can't B. can C. mustn't D. must
( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time.
A.mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to
( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once -No, you___.
A.needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not
( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.
A.has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to
( ) 2 You'd better___late next time.
A.not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be
( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.
A.had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted
( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.
had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not
( ) 3 -___ I take the newspaper away -No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.
Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must
( ) 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.
needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to
( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first -No, you___. You may have a rest first.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't
1. —Can your father drive
——Yes, and he usually to school.
A drove B is driving C drives D has driven
2. If I find his phone number, I you.
A tell B told C will tell D have told
3. The teacher told the students that the earth round, not flat.
A is B was C has been D is being
1. Yesterday，Tony’ s family a good time.
A has B have C had
2. We were in Qingdao last week and great fun there.
A will have B have had C had D have
1. — Why are you in such a hurry, Mike
— There an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A will have B will be C is going to have D are going to be
2. In five years, I a doctor.
A will be B was C am
Mr. Green to the manager now. You’d better call him later.
A talk B is talking C talked D was talking
2. Everything on the earth all the time.
A is changing B is changed C has changed D has been changed
3. Be quiet, please. The students a class now.
A have B had C are having D were having