2024 年高考英语预测模拟题精选-阅读理解之说明文（含解析）

2024 年高考英语必考题型终极预测-阅读理解之说明文
（2023·四川绵阳 · 四川省绵阳南山中学校考模拟预测） For some people, October is October. On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One”, took the first-place spot with 68,105 votes. It weighed
around 1,400 pounds.
Fat Bear Week started in 2014.At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last
year, nearly 800,000 people got involved, turning it into a global campaign.
The contest serves two main purposes. First, some of America’s national parks are in remote and undeveloped areas, which are difficult or costly to reach. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s wilderness to fans’ computer screens.
“It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river anymore, ”Fitz said.
Second, Fat Bear Week brings attention to the bears and the ecosystems they live in. The 2,200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon(三文鱼)in the world, said SaraWolman, a former park keeper. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest are suffering from overfishing, dam construction and warming rivers due to climate
change. Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far.
Fat Bear Week has spread like viruses. Fans and creators say it’s because it shows a conservation success story. For one week, people don’t have to focus on climate change or habitat loss. “Maybe things aren’t super great all the time in the world,” said Felicia Jimenez, who is a current Katmai keeper. “But there are some really fat bears in
Alaska.”
1 ．Why did Bear 747 become the winner of Fat Bear Week in southern Alaska
A ．It gained the most pounds. B ．It was the heaviest.
C ．It presented the best photos. D ．It was the most famous.
2 ．What is the purpose of paragraph 2
A ．To show the popularity of fat bears. B ．To review the history of the event.
C ．To praise Mike Fitz for his work. D ．To explain the role of live webcams.
3 ．What can we learn about Katmai’s bears
A ．They bring tourists to the park. B ．They face a population decline.
C ．They remain difficult to be seen. D ．They have a stable food source.
4 ．Which can be the best title for the text
A ．Fat Bear Week: Conservation Is Joyful B ．Brown Bears; Winter Survival Is Crucial
C ．Bear 747: A Fat Yet Healthy Champion D ．Katmai’s Bears: A Special Beauty Contest
（2023·四川成都 · 石室中学校考模拟预测）Starting next year, many Japanese singles might have a higher
possibility of finding their dream partner — through government-aided AI matchmaking (婚介) services.
The Japanese government will fund local authorities 2 billion yen (about 126 million yuan) to boost the birth rate. Part of the fund will be used to support projects that use AI to pair people up. Although there are some existing matchmaking systems, which consider criteria such as income and age, the more advanced AI system will also take
into account factors like hobbies and values.
Japan has one of the world’s lowest birth rates. The number of babies born in Japan in 2019 fell below 865, 000 — the lowest record since 1899, according to the BBC ． As a major reason for the aging population, the fast- greying nation has long been searching for ways to improve the situation. Boosting the use of AI tech is one of its
latest efforts.
An aging population is not just a problem in Japan. Globally, mankind is growing in number and age. According to the United Nations, the world population is expected to reach 9.7 billion in 2050. While by 2050, one in six people in the world will be over age 65. In China, by 2050, the number is expected to increase to 500 million, making China
one of the world’s most aged societies.
China has taken measures to deal with the aging population.
China loosened its family planning policy in 2015 to allow all couples to have two children. The government has also been improving the elderly care system. By June 2020, China had220, 000 nursing institutions, with over
7.9 million beds, among which 50 percent are private, according to China Daily.
To take care of so many elderly people, last year Japan introduced robots to help. For example, cleaning robots can wash dishes, prepare simple meals or tidy up elderly people’s munication robots can chat with elderly people and remind them of their daily routine. “These robots are wonderful,” Kazuko Yamada, 84, told Reuters after
having an exercise lesson with a robot.
5 ．What might be the unique advantage of matchmaking systems using AI
A ．They can increase the birth rate.
B ．They help to find partners with values.
C ．They provide richer and younger matches.
D ．They assess more aspects to pair people up.
6 ．What does the underlined word “its” refer to in Paragraph 3
A ．The country’s. B ．The situation’s.
C ．The birth rate’s. D ．The matchmaking system’s.
7 ．How does the author show the seriousness of the aging population problems
A ．By making comparisons. B ．By giving definitions.
C ．By listing figures. D ．By using others’ words.
8 ．What’s the best title of the passage
A ．Promoting matchmaking services B ．Facing the fact of aging nations
C ．Using robots to help the elderly D ．Addressing issues of fast greying
（2023·四川 · 统考模拟预测）Sitting along Chicago’s southern edge are Ridge’s two elementary schools and one middle school. Here, one nurse travels among the three schools, and the two elementary schools share an art
teacher and a music teacher.
“We simply can’t afford more staff,” says Kevin Russell, Ridge’s head teacher. “The Chicago Ridge School
District in Illinois just spends $9,794 per child. It’s well below the national average of $11,841.”
Rondout School sits less than an hour north, in Chicago’s Rondout District. It has 22 teachers and 145 students, and spends $28,639 on each student. Class sizes in Rondout School are small, and every student has an individualized
learning plan. Nearly all teachers have a decade of experience and earn, on average, more than $90,000.
This inequality isn’t specific to Illinois. It plays out across the US and can even date back to the birth of the
nation.
In 1647, settlers in Massachusetts were worried that their children wouldn’t be able to read the religious texts. So they created a remarkable law: Neighborhoods of more than 50 families hire a teacher and the teacher be paid by
the people living in each neighborhood.
“This law reflected the idea that the local community was responsible for the education of all children because
the whole community depended on it, ”says Ben Justice, a professor at Rutgers. “Today, our school funding system
is more complex, but is still based on the same idea.”
Nowadays, school funding comes from a combination of three sources: 10% from the federal( 联 邦 的)government, 45% from the state government and 45%from local property tax, which is based on the value of the
houses at the time they were purchased.
This brings us back to where we began this story: Why is it that one district only has $9, 794 to spend on each of its students, while another, nearby district has three times that The answer is straightforward: Since property values vary a lot from neighborhood to neighborhood, district to district. And with them, the fund the schools in
different districts receive differs greatly.
9 ．How much is spent on each student in Ridge School District
A ．$9,794. B ．$11,841. C ．$28,639. D ．$90,000.
10 ．What was the main goal of the earliest education system in the US
A ．Helping children read religious texts.
B ．Training qualified workers.
C ．Passing the university examinations.
D ．Providing political leaders.
11 ．What can we learn about the houses in Rondout District from the last paragraph
A ．They are new. B ．They are expensive.
C ．They are small. D ．They are inconvenient.
12 ．What can be a suitable title for the text
A ．How Are Houses Valued and Taxed in the US
B ．How Much Money Can an American Teacher Earn
C ．Why Does American Society Have Money Problems
D ．What Has Led to the Inequality in American Schools
（2023·四川成都 · 石室中学校考模拟预测）Men aren’t typically known for their shopping power. As the “She economy” became a buzz phrase in business magazines, the ever-expanding Chinese female middle class has been eagerly pursued by consumer brands from cosmetics to electronics. For some companies, that means there is a
huge missed opportunity in the male market, especially given the fast-rising living standards across the most populous
country on the earth and a male population that’s increasingly longing for a better quality of life.
Those instincts appear to be largely on point, according to the latest report on male consumption trends conducted by Suning Institute of Finance. The author of the report, the institute’s Senior Researcher Fu Yifu, concluded the male-oriented ( 男 性 导 向 的) market in China has great potential after observing three specific shopping habits of Chinese men in recent years: widened category, improved awareness and increased online
consumption.
These trends are particularly noticeable in the country’s tech-adapted Millennial and Gen-Z populations, who have warmly embraced some special-interest consumer culture in other parts of the world through the Internet, such as the sneakerhead subculture, as a way to express their individuality. More importantly, many are willing to spend
a fortune on it.
Also, nowadays, many Chinese men are definitely looking to lead more refined lives. The desire for “refined lives” has been channeled strongly through the pursuance of a more polished look-lighter skin, longer eyelashes and
bigger eyes. These features are widely considered to be desirable traits for modern Chinese men.
JACB, which stands for “just a cool brand”, is one of the Chinese start-ups looking to capitalize on men’s increasing desire for a finer appearance. While most male cosmetic products today still focus on fixing skin problems such as acne (粉刺), JACB is pioneering the “men makeup” category with products such as BB cream for men. And
the company mainly targets men in their 20s and early 30s, as they are more accepting of the new trends.
“The individual’s awakening in consumption has helped drive the men-oriented market to new heights that we are seeing today,” Fu said. “Chinese men have learned to buy skincare products, expensive suits, watches and luxury
cars as a way to show their personal abilities.”
13 ．What may have given chance to the male market
A ．Men desire to have a better quality of life. B ．Men spend more time on consumption.
C ．Men expect to raise their living standards. D ．Men pursue some consumer brands.
14 ．What might be the characteristic of the Gen-Z populations
A ．They are addicted to the Internet. B ．They are eager to spend a fortune.
C ．They are reluctant to express themselves.D ．They are keen on some consumer culture.
15 ．What does the underlined word “refined” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A ．Educated. B ．Precise. C ．Elegant. D ．Polite.
16 ．What does the passage mainly talk about
A ．The awakening of individual consumption. B ．The rise of male-oriented economy.
C ．The potential of special-interest culture. D ．The desire for a finer appearance.
（2023·四川绵阳 · 四川省绵阳南山中学校考模拟预测）Whether you admit it or not, people’s love for Christmas jumpers (毛衣) around Christmas has increased over recent years. And while you may be less willing to get involved in the Christmas jumper trend, Christmas Jumper Day now enables you to do more with your jumper
than build up sweat in an incredibly warm office.
The origin of the Christmas jumper can date back to the late 19th century in the USA．Americans in the 1930s knitted (编织) for Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them “warm” during the tough period- the Great Depression. They copied the jumpers they saw their favorite stars wearing on the big screen. From the 1950s, it was
common to see American families wearing festive jumpers as they sat down to eat their Christmas dinner.
Now, alongside wearing a festive jumper for the fun of it, there are other positive outcomes. Christmas Jumper Day has been set up to encourage people to make the world better and raise funds tor Save the Children by wearing a Christmas jumper and making a minimum donation of 1. Ladbrokes, a company, in the UK, is running a competition in which all you have to do is take a selfie (自拍) outside of one of their shops while wearing a jumper- the winner will win a good prize and for every submission Ladbrokes will donate f5 to St. Luke’s Hospital charity.
For you, it’s a win-win situation.
If you’re still unconvinced that it’s about time you bought yourself a Christmas jumper, then maybe the fact that Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg have all been spotted wearing Christmas jumpers will raise your enthusiasm. Retailers (零售商) such as Topshop, Burberry and H&M have also become committed to Christmas
Jumper Day and have their very own types of Christmas jumpers.
17 ．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A ．Christmas jumpers serve many functions.
B ．Wearing Christmas jumpers in the office has been a trend.
C ．Christmas jumpers have gained huge popularity.
D ．Everyone should have a Christmas jumper.
18 ．For what reason did Americans in the 1930s make Christmas jumpers
A ．To protect them from cold weather. B ．To lift their spirits.
C ．To follow the stars they like. D ．To establish a tradition.
19 ．What does the author mean by saying “it’s a win-win situation” in Paragraph 3
A ．You may help others and win some money.
B ．You may raise awareness and save resources.
C ．You may make a donation and achieve fame.
D ．You may get some aid and promote Ladbrokes.
20 ．Why does the author mention Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg
A ．To encourage people to donate Christmas jumpers.
B ．To show the significance of Christmas Jumper Day.
C ．To persuade readers to purchase a Christmas jumper.
D ．To prove Christmas jumpers are popular among stars.
（2024·四川成都 · 成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）The surface of Mars is etched with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Some researchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet. Today, Mars is too cold for much, if any, liquid water to exist. And 3.8 billion years ago, when the flowing water formed, the sun was fainter than it is today, making it even harder to imagine a warm Martian climate. That’s why many researchers think Mars
may have gone in and out of deep freezes.
Some researchers have suggested that early Mars only thawed out when large asteroid impacts or volcanic eruptions temporarily warmed the planet. But Kasting, a geologist at Penn State University, thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast canyons that exist on Mars. Now, Kasting and his colleagues have come up with an alternative explanation. They think Mars may have experienced a series of
climate cycles.
The idea goes like this: When Mars was cold and frozen, volcanoes continued to belch out the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars’ rivers and lakes. However, warm temperatures and abundant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide, reducing the greenhouse effect
and cooling the planet back down again. Then the cycle would repeat.
Kasting shared his theory with other astronomers at the December meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, and in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. So far, Kasting’s team has only shown that
such an explanation is possible, according to climate models. But the researchers say field trips could help test the
idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm events, and their durations.
21 ．What made researchers believe that liquid water once existed on Mars
A ．The surface of Mars is with liquid water.
B ．The temperatures of the sun.
C ．The geological features of Mars.
D ．The faintness of the sun.
22 ．What is Kasting’s theory based on
A ．Large asteroids had no impact on Mars.
B ．Deep valleys couldn’t be formed in a short period of time.
C ．Volcanic eruptions were very frequent on Mars.
D ．Carbon dioxide and hydrogen were abundant in the atmosphere.
23 ．What do we know about the climate cycles
A ．Carbon dioxide and hydrogen would not be changed.
B ．The greenhouse gases played an important role in this cycle.
C ．The climate cycles would experience three times in total.
D ．Hot environment and a large amount of water would accelerate certain chemical reactions to generate
carbon dioxide.
24 ．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A ．Climate Cycles Could Have Carved Canyons on Mars
B ．Large Asteroid Impacts on the Red Planet
C ．Liquid Water Existing on Mars
D ．Ancient River Valleys Have Been Found on Mars
（2023· 四 川 成 都 · 双 流 中 学 校 考模拟 预 测 ）Born from the accessibility of mass air travel, modern international tourism has been popularized as “holiday-making” in regions that offer comparative advantages of sand, sun and sea. Travel is often portrayed as a tool for personal growth and tourism as an economic motor for destination
countries and cities. There is a tendency to assume that tourism is good for everyone involved.
Today the big bang of tourism drives over 1. 2 billion tourists across international borders annually. Many
popular places are literally being loved to death. Recent protests in ports of call like Venice and Barcelona against
disturbances created by cruise ships show the unfortunate consequences of emphasizing quantity over quality in tourism. Uncontrolled tourism development has become a primary driver of social and environmental disruption. Tourism studies provide much documentation of the many negative social impacts of tourism and resulting
resentment that local populations direct toward visitors.
Antagonism(对立， 敌对) toward tourists typically develops in mature, heavily visited destinations. Protests in
heavily visited destinations suggest that traditional tourism has overstayed its welcome.
Residents often become frustrated when the benefits of tourism are not felt locally. Although it can generate foreign exchange, income and employment, there’s no guarantee that multinational hotel chains will allocate these
benefits equitably among local communities.
On the contrary, when people stay at large resorts or on cruise ships, they make most of their purchases there, leaving local communities little opportunity to benefit from tourist spending. These forms of tourism widen economic
and political gaps between haves and have-nots at local destinations.
In recent decades, local residents in destination communities also have found themselves negotiating new cultural boundaries, class dynamics, service industry roles and lifestyle transformations. For example, data show that
tourism activity corresponds to increased social problems as local residents adopt the behaviors of tourists.
What does all this mean for the everyday traveler
First, all tourists should make every effort to honor their hosts and respect local conditions. This means being
prepared to adapt to local customs and norms, rather than expecting local conditions to adapt to travelers.
Second, tourism is a market-based activity and works best when consumers reward better performers. In the information age, there’s little excuse for travelers being uninformed about where their vacation money goes and who
it enriches.
Informed travelers also are better able to distinguish between multinational companies and local entrepreneurs whose businesses provide direct social, environmental, and economic benefits for local residents. Such businesses are in love with the destination and are therefore deserving of market reward. In the long run, being a responsible traveler means ensuring net positive impacts for local people and environments. With the information available at
our fingertips, there has never been more opportunity to do so.
25 ．What is the popular assumption about international tourism
A ．Its benefits may compensate for the adverse environmental consequences.
B ．Its rapid development is attributed to people’s improved living standard.
C ．It appeals to people in places with favorable geographical conditions.
D ．It contributes to the economy of destination countries and regions.
26 ．Why does the author say local residents of popular destinations often feel frustrated
A ．They fall victim to social conflicts and environmental disturbances.
B ．They have little opportunity to enjoy themselves on cruise ships.
C ．They cannot find employment in multinational hotel chains.
D ．They do not think they benefit as much as they deserve.
27 ．What do we learn from some studies about uncontrolled tourism development
A ．It gives rise to an increase in mass confrontations.
B ．It inhibits the steady growth of local economy.
C ．It incurs local residents’ antagonism to tourists.
D ．It brings in a large chunk of mobile population.
28 ．What can tourists do to exert more positive impacts on the tourist destinations
A ．Show interest in local customs and lifestyles.
B ．Use the services provided by local businesses.
C ．Seek possibilities to invest in local companies.
D ．Give favorable comments about their services.
（2023·四川泸州 · 四川省泸县第一中学校考三模）As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve
and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you). This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the
ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting teed back from others can also provide proof of the necessity
of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI. The key is to find one to give you feedback, which is focused on development and not on performance assessment. And that can give you a
detailed understanding of how other people’s assessments of you differ from your own assessments.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others say you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically ( 内在 的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing
longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations (抱负). Understanding the influences of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over a long period at time as you do the work or
strengthening your emotional intelligence.
29 ．What do we know from the first paragraph
A ．EI can be better improved with others’ help.
B ．Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI.
C ．EI plays a key role in professional development.
D ．Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI.
30 ．According to the passage, which of the following is an “external reality check”
A ．You help your siblings make a key decision.
B ．Your career development speeds up with others’ help.
C ．You reflected yourself and made a New Year resolution.
D ．Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study.
31 ．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4
A ．To improve your EI, following your inner call is the most reliable.
B ．It’s bard for others to know your EI because it hides deep inside.
C ．To improve your EI, you should take your goals into consideration.
D ．Acquiring a new skill is more significant than improving your EI.
32 ．Which of the following might the author agree with
A ．Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI.
B ．Effective EI development is determined by different factors.
C ．The importance of performance assessment is underestimated.
D ．EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI is.
（2023·河南洛阳 · 宜阳县第一高级中学校考模拟预测） The sales pitches tempt: Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed to protect eyes from the effects of short-wavelength light emitting from our smartphones, computer screens and LED lights. Given how much time we spend on our devices, this sounds like a smart investment, right After all, eye strain is a real issue and can lead to poor sleep and even eye diseases. The glasses can cost $15 all the
way up to several hundred dollars. But do they work
Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist ( 眼 科 专 家 ) based in Cleveland, Ohio, says the science that manufacturers share as they promote these glasses can be confusing. For starters, blue light is not just about tech devices, and it’s not always bad. “The sun emits a much higher intensity of blue light than human-made devices, of
course, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz. It helps our mood, alertness and sleep-wake cycle.
The problem is blue light at night: It contains the release of melatonin. “Melatonin helps regulate our circadian
rhythms (生理节奏) and makes us sleepy,” says Dr. Esparaz.
So, in theory, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people who watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study from the University of Oklahoma that looked at 24 previous
studies found that people affected by sleep disorders, jet lag and shift work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye strain, a 2021 Australian study showed that those wearing the glasses did not experience less eye strain than those using clear glasses. And a 2018 review study, also by Australian researchers, found insufficient
evidence that they prevent certain eye diseases.
“These glasses aren’t going to be harmful,” says Dr. Esparaz, But, she adds, a lack of standardization in the industry means there’s no way to know if one pair is better than another. A more reliable solution: Turn on the blue- light-filtering function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help with eye strain, Dr. Esparaz suggests
taking breaks and using lubricating eye drops.
33 ．What is Dr. Esparaz’s attitude toward business publicity
A ．Unclear. B ．Dismissive. C ．Approving. D ．Doubtful.
34 ．What can we learn about blue light from the first two paragraphs
A ．It can be beneficial. B ．It may facilitate sleep.
C ．It actually causes health issues. D ．It merely comes from digital devices.
35 ．Australian studies found that wearing blue-light-blocking glasses .
A ．helps prevent eye disease B ．are not harmful to eyesight
C ．contributes to no less eye strain D ．benefits those with sleep disorders
36 ．What might be the best title of this passage
A ．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: Your Best Choice
B ．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: Good or Bad
C ．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: A Good Business
D ．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: Smart and Cool
（2023·河南洛阳 · 宜阳县第一高级中学校考模拟预测） People who have trouble walking or moving around often have a hard time enjoying the beach.Most beaches don't have ramps ( 坡道) or special walkways to allow disabled visitors to move around easily, or to get in and out of the sea safely. But hundreds of beaches in Greece now
offer a new way for people in wheelchairs to get into the water by themselves. It's called Seatrac.
Seatrac is a system that was designed to solve this problem. Seatrac is basically a chair on a moving ramp that can smoothly carry a disabled person into the sea. Once in the sea, the person can either remain in the chair, enjoying the water, or go for a swim. The Seatrac system can help anyone who has a hard time walking,including older people
and pregnant women.
The chair is operated by remote control. When the person is ready to get out of the water, the Seatrac system brings the chair back to the top of the ramp. It's even possible to take a shower in the Seatrac chair after going for a
swim.
Seatrac was invented and developed by Mr. Fotiou, a professor and his partners at Greek university. They designed the system and in time, they formed a company called TOBEA to build and sell the systems. The company worked hard to make the system simple to put in place and easy to run.A wooden walkway allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar powered. It doesn't require outside power, and can continue to run even if
the electricity goes out. The Seatrac system can easily be packed up and stored when swimming season ends.
This summer, the Seatrac system is being used at over 220 beaches in Greece, Cyprus, Italy,and Latvia. The
Seatrac service in Greece is gratis to tourists. The Greek government has helped pay for it and hopes that Seatrac will
help attract more tourists to the country.
37 ．How can a disabled man in a wheelchair get into the water through Seatrac
A ．He rides the chair of the system into the sea.
B ．He wheels his wheelchair into the sea by himself.
C ．The moving ramp carries his wheelchair into the sea.
D ．The staff of the Seatrac drives him to the sea in a chair.
38 ．What do we know about the Seatrac system
A ．It needs recharging regularly.
B ．It is automatic and portable.
C ．It is easy to operate and manage.
D ．It is only intended for disabled persons.
39 ．What does the underlined"gratis"mean in the last paragraph
A ．Accessible. B ．Profitable. C ．First-class. D ．Cost-free.
40 ．What is the best title of the text
A ．Seatrac: Helping Wheelchair Users Enjoy the Sea
B ．TOBEA:A New Company Bringing Joy to Tourists
C ．A Professor: Helping the Disabled Realize Their Dream
D ．A Ramp:Allowing Disabled Visitors to Move Around Easily
（2023·河南 · 襄城高 中校联考三模 ）Perhaps the most challenging thing about earthquakes is the great uncertainty around where and when they are likely to strike, which makes taking action that may save lives
challenging.
Earthquakes bring about redistribution of mass and this generates observable changes of the Earth’s gravitational field, measurable using specialized instruments. High accuracy gravity measurements may provide a useful tool to help with managing the risk by identifying which faults ( 断层) are under stress and most likely to be active. By monitoring the progression of fault movements, it’s possible to get a medium-term outlook on which areas are most
likely to be affected when the next earthquake happens.
Current earthquake warning systems are based on networks which detect the early arrival “P” seismic (地震的)
waves prior to the arrival of the more destructive waves, but are unable to respond before the ground movements
have already started, greatly limiting how advanced the warning can be.
While a warning caused by a gravity signal might only give a few additional seconds, such a warning can provide
extra time to allow the public to take preventative action.
However, making measurements of gravity with sufficient accuracy, long-term stability and data sampling rate to achieve these signals is of course challenging. Detection of small signals for early warning systems is greatly limited by the background seismic noise which affects the sensor readings. Obtaining measurements which are stable
over long periods of time and consistent between different sensors is difficult too.
The Quantum Technology Hub for Sensors and Timing led by the University of Birmingham is developing sensors which meet these challenges by employing the quantum (量子) behaviour of cold atoms to measure gravity accurately. As well as the cold atom sensors being extremely sensitive to small changes in the gravitational field, the
identical (完全相同的) nature of atoms makes them ideal test masses which give consistent results.
Furthermore, by measuring two separated atom clouds at the same time, common background seismic noise can be controlled, which helps to overcome the limitations of seismic noise and allows fast and accurate measurements.
41 ．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2
A ．How earthquakes are formed. B ．How people can better predict earthquakes.
C ．What is used to monitor earthquakes. D ．What is the way to identify active faults.
42 ．What affects the accuracy of early warning systems
A ．The number of sensors. B ．The temperature of atoms.
C ．The background seismic noise. D ．The strength of seismic waves.
43 ．What makes atoms perfect test masses
A ．They have the same nature. B ．They are tiny.
C ．They are sensitive to temperature. D ．They can remove the seismic noise.
44 ．What is the purpose of the text
A ．To display the uncertainty of earthquakes.
B ．To show the challenges in detecting earthquakes.
C ．To discuss the accuracy of earthquake warning systems.
D ．To introduce a technology to improve earthquake detection.
（2024·河南鹤壁 · 鹤壁高中校考二模）Reshaping the world for a fossil fuel-free future means working quickly. Climate scientists say carbon emissions must stop by 2025 to minimize environmental damage. And by designing computational materials together with makers who can build and test them quickly, scientists can rapidly
develop technologies like more powerful solar cells and car batteries.
Michael is the name of a supercomputer devoted to just one task―discovering the ultimate battery system. Researchers at University College London will use Michael to digitally build and test prototypes (原型) in every new
material and type of cell possible to improve battery life, performance and price.
Finding a resilient (弹性的) design for solid-state batteries would be a huge breakthrough for electric vehicles and energy storage. Lighter, longer-lasting and cheaper solid-state technology could vastly improve vehicle range
and charging time. And the energy from solar and wind power could be more efficiently stored until ready for use.
Scientists working in the US and the UK led the way in the 1970s in developing the lithium-ion (锂离子) battery used in today’s electric cars, laptops and cameras, But commercial units were only developed once the Japanese electronics giant pushed the technology forward for mass production. Partnerships between companies and universities could ultimately crack solid-state battery design. Oxford University and some companies are looking to
win the international race to create a durable product. But they are only one among many.
Replacing liquid used in lithium-ion batteries with a solid conductor may take large digital processing. Electric vehicle makers are working with a computer giant to find successful designs that may include cheap and plentiful materials found in seawater. An electric vehicle maker is partnering with NASA to open a solid-state battery plant that uses no rare or expensive metals. The plan is to create a large database of materials that can be mixed and matched
for the best combinations.
But computational materials may be needed in virtually every industry. And by rapidly classifying millions of substances on their ability to conduct electricity, their toughness, or the way they reflect light, AI and supercomputers
can speed up the process of creating materials for just about anything.
45 ．What message does paragraph 1 convey
A ．It’s too fast to design computational materials.
B ．It’s too late to reshape the fossil fuel-free world.
C ．Developing green energy can reduce carbon emissions.
D ．Developing technology can speed up carbon emissions.
46 ．What are solid-state batteries expected to be like
A ．Heavy and solid. B ．Light but breakable.
C ．Less-costly and workable. D ．Expensive but efficient.
47 ．Why does the author mention Oxford University in paragraph 4
A ．To show the weakness of mass production.
B ．To show the good trend of the cooperation.
C ．To show the difficulty of the battery design.
D ．To show the development of British technology.
48 ．What can be the best title for the text
A ．Michael Is Devoted to Storing Solar Energy
B ．Companies and NASA Will Push Technology Forward
C ．Electric Vehicle Makers Are Struggling to Solve Air Pollution
D ．Supercomputers and AI Can Create Future Low-carbon Industries
（2023·江西 · 江西师大 附 中校考三模 ）Our brains have an “auto-correct” feature that we use when re- interpreting (重新解释) ambiguous sounds, according to new research. The study sheds light on how the brain uses information gathered after the discovering of an initial sound to aid speech comprehension. The findings point to new
ways we use information and context to aid in speech comprehension.
“What a person thinks they hear does not always match the actual signals that reach the ear,” explains lead author Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re-evaluates the interpretation of a speech sound at the moment
each following speech sound is heard in order to update interpretations as necessary,” Gwilliams says.
It’swell known that the perception of a speech sound is determined by its surrounding context — in the form of words, sentences and other speech sounds. This plays out in everyday life — when we talk, the actual speech we produce is often ambiguous. For example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕)” in her car, you may hear “tent” . Although this kind of ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware of it. “This is because the brain automatically resolves the ambiguity for us — it picks an interpretation and that’s what we perceive to hear,” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain does this is by using the surrounding context to narrow down the possibilities of what
the speaker may mean.”
In the study, the researchers sought to understand how the brain uses this following information to adjust our
perception of what we initially heard. To do this, they conducted a series of experiments in which the subjects listened
to isolated syllables and similarly sounding words. Their results produced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) is sensitive to how ambiguous a speech sound is at just 50 milliseconds after the sound’s appearance. The brain “replays” previous speech sounds while interpreting the following ones, suggesting re- evaluation as the rest of the word unfolds. The brain makes commitments to its “best guess” of how to interpret the
signal after about half a second.
49 ．What is the study mainly about
A ．Why people make unclear sounds. B ．How brains understand unclear words.
C ．How brains tell apart useful information. D ．Why some people process information faster.
50 ．What does the author want to show by giving the example in paragraph 3
A ．It is normal for people to make unclear sounds.
B ．People are more likely to mishear their friends.
C ．People can understand others even if they mishear a word.
D ．People are likely to mistake a word for something familiar.
51 ．What do we know about the unclear words in the experiments
A ．They seemed to be useless. B ．They were noticed instantly.
C ．They led to misunderstanding. D ．They stopped us thinking further.
52 ．What does the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer to
A ．The previous speech sound. B ．The similarly sounding word.
C ．The unclearly sounding word. D ．The following speech sound.
（2023·江西 · 濂溪一中校联考模拟预测）Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of
pollutants involved.
Trees and other greener in cities provide many benefits that are important for the well-being of residents. Leaves and needled on trees filter air pollutants and reduce exposure to poisonous substance in the air. But which trees purify the air most effectively Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances
they have absorbed.
“This tree collection provided a unique opportunity to test many different species of trees with similar
environmental conditions and exposure to air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg, a researcher of the GBG
A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants,
which are released due to incomplete burning in engines.
“Our analysis show that different species of trees have different abilities to absorb air pollutants. Conifers generally absorb morn gaseous paths than broad-leaved trees. Another advantage of conifers is that they also act as
air purifies in winter, when air pollution is usually at its highest,” said Jenny Klingberg.
“This study contributes to improving our understanding of the ability of trees to clean the air and which species are best at absorbing air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg. This known-edge is important for urban planning when designing sustainable cities. While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the
day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions.
53 ．Which is the determining factor in choosing the most suitable tries to purify air
A ．Air quality. B ．Geographical location. C ．The height of plants. D ．The kind of
pollutants.
54 ．Why did the researchers collect leaves and needled from GBG
A ．To compare their shapes. B ．To create a tree collection.
C ．To figure out what they absorb. D ．To display them on exhibition.
55 ．What may cause more paths to be released
A ．Fuel vehicle’s. B ．Electric engines. C ．Traffic accidents. D ．Complete burning.
56 ．What is the most effective way to better air quality in cities
A ．Decreasing emissions. B ．Planting more conifers.
C ．Raising public awareness. D ．Designing sustainable cities.
（2023·江西上饶 · 校联考模拟预测）Growing buildings from mushrooms may sound like something out of a science fiction novel, but scientists are turning the fantasy into reality. Using the mycelium (菌丝体) of various kinds of mushrooms, scientists are growing bricks and other materials used in the construction industry. Considering that mushrooms are natural and abundant, and that the construction industry is responsible for just over 10 percent of the
world’s carbon emissions, they offer hope for a far more satisfactory building solution.
It is not only the construction industry that is experimenting with mycelium. South Korean start-up Mycel makes mycelium-based materials that can replace animal leather and plastic in various products, including fashion accessories and furniture. Car manufacturer Kia is embracing innovation with mycelium and has partnered with Mycel to develop their leather replacement based on mycelium. This new soft material can mimic (模拟) a variety
of textures and can be dyed. It is resistant to tearing, and has a high strength, both of which are key to car seats.
As mycelium technology is relatively new, its potential is still being explored. Researchers are testing a range of applications in the laboratory. The US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is also interested in the possibilities of mycelium. The agency is working with US mycelium-technology pioneer Ecovative and
university partners to develop a solution for rebuilding areas after a natural disaster.
Reconstruction efforts are often time intensive and costly, as most materials need to be imported, so the program aims develop a method for growing local materials on site that can self-repair. They are also experimenting with maintaining mycelium’s bioactivity ( 生物活性) so that it could actively self-repair when damaged, essentially creating living buildings. Inspired by nature, engineers and scientists are advancing sustainability by finding ways to
take less from the environment, and give back more. This brings hope for building a more stable future.
57 ．How can the new technology affect the construction industry
A ．Reducing its carbon emissions. B ．Making building materials stronger.
C ．Slowing down the building process. D ．Improving buildings’ appearance.
58 ．Why does Kia cooperate with Mycel
A ．To produce fashionable furniture.
B ．To conduct further experiments.
C ．To reduce the use of plastic in car seats.
D ．To develop mycelium-based materials to replace leather.
59 ．What often leads to the costly reconstruction after a natural disaster
A ．The high transportation cost.
B ．The shortage of building workers.
C ．The lack of international assistance.
D ．The low efficiency of building devices.
60 ．What is the best title for the text
A ．Scientists Find New Species of Mushrooms.
B ．Mushrooms Inspire Engineers to Build a Better Future.
C ．A New Experiment Shows How to Build a Better Future.
D ．Future Reconstruction After Natural Disasters Will Be Improved.
参考答案：
1 ．A 2 ．B 3 ．D 4 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿拉斯加南部的卡特迈国家公园和自然保护区举行的“胖熊周”活动。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One”, took the first- place spot with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds. (10 月 5 日，阿拉斯加南部的卡特迈国家公园和自 然保护区拉开了“胖熊周” 的序幕， 粉丝们根据前后对比照片， 投票选出他们认为体重增加最多的那只熊。 “ 熊 747”，也被称为“ 熊力一号” ，以 68105 票获得第一名。它重约 1400 磅)”可知，粉丝们投给他们认为体重增
加最多的熊，所以 Bear 747 获胜是因为它体重增加得最多。故选 A。
2 ．推理判断题。根据第二段“Fat Bear Week started in 2014.At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people got involved, turning it into a global campaign.(胖熊周始于 2014 年。一开始只是胖熊星期二。迈克 · 菲茨(Mike Fitz)是卡特迈(Katmai)的前公园管理员， 他注意到直播的 网络摄像头显示熊在网上引起了很多评论，所以他让人们在网上为他们最喜欢的胖熊投票。为期一天的活 动吸引了 1700 人投票。2015 年，假期延长至一周。去年，近 80 万人参与其中，使之成为一场全球性的运
动)”可推知，本段旨在回顾“胖熊周” 的历史。故选 B。
3 ．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far. (幸运的是， 到目前为止， 布鲁克斯河还没有受到这些威胁， 卡特迈公园的熊喜欢在
此捕鱼)”可知，卡特迈公园的熊有一个稳定的食物来源。故选 D。
4 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“Fat Bear Week has spread like viruses. Fans and creators say it’s because it shows a conservation success story. (胖熊周像病毒一样传播开来。粉丝和创作者说，这是因为它展
示了一个环保成功的故事)”可知，文章主要介绍了阿拉斯加南部的卡特迈国家公园和自然保护区举行的“胖
熊周”活动，它以一种竞技方式让人们关注熊及它们所居住的生态系统。由此可知， A 项“胖熊周：环境保护
也可以很快乐”适合作为文章标题。故选 A。
5 ．D 6 ．A 7 ．C 8 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本将使用 AI 婚介服务和机器人解决人口老龄化问题以及中
国为解决国内这一问题所采取的措施。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Although there are some existing matchmaking systems, which consider criteria such as income and age, the more advanced AI system will also take into account factors like hobbies and values. (虽然现有的一些相亲系统会考虑收入和年龄等标准，但更先进的人工智能系统还会考虑爱好和价值观等因
素)”可知， AI 婚介除了考虑收人、年龄之外，还会涉及爱好、价值观等更多方面的评估。故选 D。
6．词义猜测题。根据第三段首句“Japan has one of the world’s lowest birth rates. (日本是世界上出生率最低的 国家之一。)”第三段最后两句“As a major reason for the aging population, the fast-greying nation has long been searching for ways to improve the situation. Boosting the use of AI tech is one of its latest efforts. (作为人口老龄化 的一个主要原因，这个快速老龄化的国家一直在寻找改善这种状况的方法。促进人工智能技术的使用是其 最新的努力之一)”可知， 促进人工智能技术的使用是快速老龄化的国家最新的努力之一。这个国家就是出生
率最低老龄化严重的的国家日本。故选 A。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段最后四句“Globally, mankind is growing in number and age. According to the United Nations, the world population is expected to reach 9. 7 billion in 2050. While by 2050, one in six people in the world will be over age 65. In China, by 2050, the number is expected to increase to 500 million, making China one of the world’s most aged societies. (在全球范围内， 人类的数量和年龄都在增长。据联合国统计， 世界人口预计将达 到 9.70 亿。而到 2050 年， 世界上六分之一的人将超过 65 岁。在中国， 到 2050 年， 这一数字预计将增加到 5 亿， 使中国成为世界上老龄化最严重的社会之一)”可推知， 作者使用列数字的说明方式呈现老龄化的严峻
形势。故选 C。
8 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据首段“Starting next year, many Japanese singles might have a higher possibility of finding their dream partner — through government — aided AI matchmaking (婚介) services. (从明 年开始， 许多日本单身人士可能更有可能通过政府资助的人工智能婚介服务找到自己的梦中情人)”以及第五 段“China has taken measures to deal with the aging population. (中国已采取措施应对人口老龄化)”可知， 本文主 要介绍了日本将使用AI 婚介服务和机器人解决人口老龄化问题以及中国为解决国内这一问题所采取的措施。
由此可知， Addressing issues of fast greying(解决快速老龄化问题)适合作本文最佳标题。故选 D。
9 ．A 10 ．A 11 ．B 12 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国学校经费的不平等背后的原因。
9 ．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“The Chicago Ridge School District in Illinois just spends $9,794 per child.(伊利诺斯州的芝加哥里奇学区在每个孩子身上只花了 9794 美元。)”可知， 芝加哥里奇学区在每个孩子
身上花费 9794 美元。故选 A。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段“In 1647, settlers in Massachusetts were worried that their children wouldn’t be able to read the religious texts. So they created a remarkable law: Neighborhoods of more than 50 families hire a teacher and the teacher be paid by the people living in each neighborhood.(1647 年，马萨诸塞州的定居者担心他们的孩 子不能阅读宗教文本。因此，他们制定了一项非凡的法律：超过 50 个家庭的社区聘请一名教师，教师的工
资由每个社区的居民支付。 )”可知，美国早期教育体系的主要目标是帮助孩子们阅读宗教文本。故选 A。
11 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“The answer is straightforward: Since property values vary a lot from neighborhood to neighborhood, district to district. And with them, the fund the schools in different districts receive differs greatly.(答案很简单：因为不同社区、不同地区的房产价值差别很大。有了他们，不同地区的学校收
到的资金差别很大。 )”可知，从最后一段我们可以了解到朗道特地区的房子很贵。故选 B。
12．主旨大意题。根据第四段“This inequality isn’t specific to Illinois. It plays out across the US and can even date back to the birth of the nation.(这种不平等并不是伊利诺伊州独有的。它在美国各地上演， 甚至可以追溯到这 个国家的诞生。)”和最后一段第一句“This brings us back to where we began this story: Why is it that one district only has $9, 794 to spend on each of its students, while another, nearby district has three times that (这让我们回到 了故事开始的地方：为什么一个学区在每个学生身上只花了 9794 美元，而附近的另一个学区却花了三倍于
此？ )”可知，文章主要是讲导致美国学校的不平等的原因。故选 D。
13 ．A 14 ．D 15 ．C 16 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国男性消费市场的潜力，指出中国男性消费者的购物习惯
在近年来发生了三个特点的变化：购买类别扩大、消费意识提高和线上消费增加。
13 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“For some companies, that means there is a huge missed opportunity in the male market, especially given the fast-rising living standards across the most populous country on the earth and a male population that’s increasingly longing for a better quality of life.(对一些公司来说，这意味着在男性市场上错失
了一个巨大的机会，尤其是考虑到这个地球上人口最多的国家生活水平的快速提高，以及男性人口越来越
渴望更高质量的生活)”可知，男性人口越来越渴望更高质量的生活给了男性市场机会。故选 A。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“These trends are particularly noticeable in the country’s tech-adapted Millennial and Gen-Z populations, who have warmly embraced some special-interest consumer culture in other parts of the world through the Internet, such as the sneakerhead subculture, as a way to express their individuality. More importantly, many are willing to spend a fortune on it.(这些趋势在中国的科技适应能力强的千禧一代和 Z 一代人群中尤为 明显，他们通过互联网热衷于接纳其他地区的一些特殊兴趣消费文化，比如狂热鞋迷文化，作为表达个性 的方式。更重要的是， 许多人愿意在此上花费巨资)”可知， Z 一代人群他们通过互联网热衷于接纳其他地区
的一些特殊兴趣消费文化，更重要的是，许多人愿意在此上花费巨资。故选 D。
15 ．词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词后面的内容“has been channeled strongly through the pursuance of a more polished look-lighter skin, longer eyelashes and bigger eyes. These features are widely considered to be desirable traits for modern Chinese men.(一直强烈地通过追求更光滑的外表——皮肤更白， 睫毛更长， 眼睛更大。这些 特征被普遍认为是现代中国男性的理想特征)”可知，现在很多中国男人都在追求的是皮肤更白，睫毛更长，
眼睛更大的精致生活。由此可知，划线词 refined 与 C 选项“Elegant(优雅的，精致的)”为同义词。故选 C。
16 ．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了中国男性消费市场的潜力，指出中国男性消费者的购物习惯 在近年来发生了三个特点的变化：购买类别扩大、消费意识提高和线上消费增加。由此可知， B 选项“The rise
of male-oriented economy.(男性经济的兴起)”概括文章主要内容。故选 B。
17 ．C 18 ．B 19 ．A 20 ．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文， 本文介绍了一年一度的圣诞毛衣日（Christmas Jumper Day），19 世纪晚期就流行 起圣诞节前穿圣诞毛衣的传统。但现在这个传统被延伸为一年一度的慈善活动，人们穿上充满圣诞气息的
毛衣，为孩童们募款。
17 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whether you admit it or not, people’s love for Christmas jumpers (毛衣) around Christmas has increased over recent years. And while you maybe less willing to get involved in the Christmas jumper trend…(不管你承认与否，近年来，人们对圣诞节毛衣的喜爱有所增加。虽然你可能不太愿意参与圣诞套头
衫的潮流 ……)”可知，圣诞毛衣节越来越受欢迎，故选 C。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Americans in the 1930s knitted (编织) for Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them ‘warm’ during the tough period — the Great Depression.(20 世纪 30 年代，美国人为圣诞节编织了 一件衣服， 以在经济大萧条时期保持‘温暖’)”可知， 二十世纪三十年代人们编织毛衣是为了让自己在美国经
济大萧条时期保持“热情” ，故选 B。
19 ．句意猜测题。根据第三段中“Ladbrokes, a company, in the UK, is running a competition in which all you have to do is take a selfie (自拍) outside of one of their shops while wearing a jumper — the winner will win a good prize and for every submission Ladbrokes will donate 5 to St. Luke’s Hospital charity. For you, it’s a win-win situation.(英 国 Ladbrokes 公司正在举办一场比赛， 你所要做的就是穿着套头衫在他们的一家店外自拍， 获胜者将赢得一 份很好的奖品， 每提交一份作品， Ladbrokes 公司将向圣卢克医院慈善机构捐赠 5 英镑。对你来说， 这是双 赢的局面)”可知，穿着套头衫自拍一张照片提交后，不仅能赢得一些奖品，Ladbrokes 公司将向圣卢克医院 慈善机构捐赠 5 英镑， 故作者说“这是一个双赢的局面”意思是你可能会帮助到别人， 同时自己也赢得一点钱，
故选 A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you’re still unconvinced that it’s about time you bought yourself a Christmas jumper, then maybe the fact that Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg have all been spotted wearing Christmas jumpers will raise your enthusiasm.(如果你还不相信是时候给自己买一件圣诞套头衫了， 那么也许Taylor Swift， Justin Bieber 和 Snoop Dogg 都被拍到穿圣诞套头衫的事实会让你的热情高涨)”可知，作者提到 Taylor Swift，
Justin Bieber 和 Snoop Dogg 这些名人是为了劝说读者购买圣诞毛衣，故选 C。
21 ．A 22 ．B 23 ．B 24 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。火星上曾经有液态水，这是怎么形成的呢？科学家们提出了新的理论。
21 ．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The surface of Mars is etched with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Some researchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet. (火星表面蚀刻着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地。一些 研究人员认为液态水曾经在这颗红色星球上流动)”可知， 火星表面有着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地， 这些地质特
征使得研究人员认为液态水曾经在火星上存在。故选 A 项。
22．推理判断题。根据第二段的“But Kasting, a geologist at Penn State University, thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast canyons that exist on Mars. (但是宾夕法尼亚州立大学 的地质学家 Kasting 认为，这种突然事件打开的温暖窗口期太短暂了，无法蚀刻出火星上存在的巨大峡谷)” 可知，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的地质学家卡萨丁认这种突然事件打开的温暖窗口期太短暂了，无法形成火星 上存在的巨大峡谷。由此推知，卡萨丁的理论是建立在深谷不可能在短时间内形成的理论上的。故选 B 项。 23 ．细节理解题。根据第三段“The idea goes like this：When Mars was cold and frozen, volcanoes continued to belch out the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars’ rivers and lakes.(这个想法是这样的：
当火星寒冷冻结时，火山继续向大气中喷射二氧化碳和氢气等温室气体。在那里，气层捕获热量并使行星
升温，直到液态水开始流动，形成了火星的河流和湖泊)”可知，温室气体在这个循环中起了重要作用。故选
B 项。
24．主旨大意题。通读全文， 结合第二段“They think Mars may have experienced a series of climate cycles caused by changes in the strength of the greenhouse effect. (他们认为火星可能经历了一系列由温室效应强度变化引起 的气候周期)”和第三段“The idea goes like this: When Mars was cold and frozen, volcanoes continued to belch out the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars’ rivers and lakes. (这个想法是这样的：当火 星寒冷冻结时，火山继续向大气中喷射二氧化碳和氢气等温室气体。在那里，气层捕获热量并使行星升温， 直到液态水开始流动， 形成了火星的河流和湖泊)”可知， 文章介绍了科学家提出的关于火星上的河谷和湖泊 盆地形成原因的最新理论，研究指出可能是气候的变化周期造就了如今火星上可观测到的峡谷和河床等地 理特征。由此可知，“Climate Cycles Could Have Carved Canyons on Mars (气候周期可能在火星上雕刻了峡
谷)”是最佳标题。故选 A 项。
25 ．D 26 ．D 27 ．C 28 ．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍旅游业在飞速发展，但是热门目的地的人们却没有得到应有的好处，
旅游业的失控引起了当地居民对游客的反感。
25 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Travel is often portrayed as a tool for personal growth and tourism as an economic motor for destination countries and cities. There is a tendency to assume that tourism is good for everyone involved. (旅行经常被描绘成个人成长的工具，而旅游业则被描绘成目的地国家和城市的经济引擎。人们倾向于认为 旅游业对所有相关人员都有好处。)”可知， 关于国际旅游的普遍假设是它对目的地国家和地区的经济发展有
贡献。故选 D。
26 ．细节理解题。根据第四段“Residents often become frustrated when the benefits of tourism are not felt locally. (当当地人没有感受到旅游业的好处时，居民往往会感到沮丧。)”可知，当地居民会感到沮丧是因为他们没
有感受到旅游业的好处。故选 D。
27 ．推理判断题。根据第二段“Uncontrolled tourism development has become a primary driver of social and environmental disruption. Tourism studies provide much documentation of the many negative social impacts of tourism and resulting resentment that local populations direct toward visitors. (不受控制的旅游业发展已成为社会 和环境破坏的主要驱动因素。旅游研究提供了许多关于旅游业的许多负面社会影响以及由此产生的当地居
民对游客的不满的文件。 )”可知，不受控制的旅游业发展使得当地居民对游客产生了不满。故选 C。
28 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Informed travelers also are better able to distinguish between multinational companies and local entrepreneurs whose businesses provide direct social, environmental, and economic benefits for local residents. Such businesses are in love with the destination and are therefore deserving of market reward. In the long run, being a responsible traveler means ensuring net positive impacts for local people and environments. With the information available at our fingertips, there has never been more opportunity to do so. (知情的旅行者也能够 更好地区分跨国公司和当地企业家，他们的企业为当地居民提供了直接的社会、环境和经济利益。这些企 业热爱目的地，因此值得市场奖励。从长远来看，成为一名负责任的旅行者意味着确保对当地人民和环境 产生净积极影响。有了触手可及的信息， 再也没有机会这样做了。)”可知， 游客可以利用当地企业提供的服
务来对旅游目的地产生更积极的影响。故选 B。
29 ．A 30 ．D 31 ．C 32 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高情商的方法：了解自我认知与声誉之间的区别，明确目标，
确定改变具体的行动。
29．推理判断题。根据第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.(在我们为公司提供咨询服务和培训领导者的工作中， 我们发现， 如果你想 要发展特定的 EI 优势， 考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标， 然后积极地在这些领域培 养好的习惯，而不是简单地依赖于对它们概念上的理解，会有所帮助)”可知，如果你想要发展特定的 EI 优
势，可以考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域，可得出在别人的帮助下，情商可以得到更好的提高。故选 A。
30．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you). This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very