2024届高三英语二轮复习谓语动词与时态公开课课件(共48张PPT)

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名称 2024届高三英语二轮复习谓语动词与时态公开课课件(共48张PPT)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2024-03-27 10:09:31

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(共48张PPT)
Grammar
高一英语组 马振成
单词是基础;语法是主线;记忆和练习是提高英语的唯一方法。
谓语动词与时态
思考:
1.什么是Predicate verb 谓语动词?
2.什么是English tenses 英语时态?
3.谓语动词和时态之间有什么关系?
练习:判断下列句子的句型
She is in good health.
Someone left you this note.
SVP
SVO
什么是谓语呢?谓语1由谁来充当呢?
〔谓语〕对主语加以(谓)(表)陈述,说主语怎么样,干什么或是什么的句子成分。
Someone left you this note.
She is in good health.
谓 语部分


合成谓 语
连系动词+表语
谓语的功能和构造
1. 实义动词
Vt
vi
2.短语动词
时态和语态
短语动词(vi/vt)
3. Link +pre….


谓 语部分
合成谓 语
(谓语动词)连系动词+表语
英语句子中作谓语的词必须是动词,没有谓语动词就不是英语句子
(1)定义:时态= 时间 + (动作)状态, 表示某个动作在一定时间内的状态。
now
Past
. future
什么是英语的时态?
英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。
Form of predicate verb
助动词或情态动词加其他动
词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。说明主语所做的动作时间或状态.
He will study tomorrow
He studied yesterday
He studies every day
He is studying now
正如我们一个人一样,
不同的季节
不同的衣服
不同的外表
不同的时代
不同的服饰
不同的年龄
这是不变的法则我们英语的16种时态于此有一样的规律。
体会、感悟、理解、学习
Form of predicate verb
时间和状态
谓语动词的形式
Adverbial of time
谓语动词的形式必须与时间状态相一致。-------keep pace with the times“与时俱进”
Form of predicate verb 谓语动词的形式包括主动句各种时态下的谓语形式和被动句各种时态下的谓语形式以及情态动词与动词连用的各种形式。
Please guess a riddle
言在彼意在此
The Present Perfect Tense
一.确定目标
知识目标:
语法:现在完成时
能力目标:
掌握现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
Study the following sentences:
Who has opened the door
My watch has stopped
They haven’t completed that experiment yet.
He has already returned that book.
(An action completed in the past but connected with the present situation. )
为了表达这种一般只能言在彼意在此而不言表的影响和结果,运用现在完成时
Form: have/has done
Usage:
1. An action completed in the past but connected with the present situation.
2. An action beginning in the past and still continuing
巧学妙记学语法
1977过去
now
We are good friends.(现在的情况)
I knew him in 1997.(过去的动作)
We have known each other since 1997.
(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在)
过去


影响和结果
现在
现在完成时属于现在时态
1.现在完成时的"完成用法"
现在完成时的“完成用法”指的是动作发生
在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现
在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系
He has turned off the light动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况
--灯现在不亮了。)
(完成用法 ) 旧事重提
1977
now
Bring up the past

2、未完成用法。表示动作或状态开始于过去,一直延续到现在,可能继续发展,也可能刚刚结束。
He has been in the army for ten years.
I have studied English since 1980.
He has lived here all his life.
1977
now
(未完成用法) 一如既往
Carry on like before
现在完成时---------記住只要是完成用法[旧事重提]或未完成用法[一如既往]并且没有过去的时间状语,且着 眼于现在那么谓语动词就用现在完成时.
1977
now
1). ---________ the plane_______ (arrive)
--- Yes.
--- When ______ it _________
--- Half an hour ago.
2)--- Would you like to have lunch here
--- No. Thanks. I ________ lunch already. I ____ it in the school canteen. (have)
have had
had
一般过去时和现在完成时
1. 一般过去时表示具体的过去发生的动作,和现在时间无关, 纯属过去。
现在完成时强调过去发生的动作或事件对现在的影响和联系。
Has
arrived
did
arrive
I __________ English for four years.(study)
I _________ English for four years when I was at college.(study)
have studied
studied
I began to study it 4 years ago. And it lasts until now.
2. 一般过去时和时间段连用,只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间,与现在无关。
现在完成时与时间段连用,表从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今。
Maybe I am not studying it now.
1.He’s worked on the farm________.
A.two years ago
B.since two years
C.since two years ago
D.for two years ago
解析: B、D两项结构错误,A项two years ago应与一般过去时连用,因此选C项,since+过去时间点,也可用for+时间段“for two years”。
答案: C
2.He________football regularly for many years when he was young.
A.was playing B.played
C.has played D.had played
解析: when he was young指过去时间,由regularly可知,句中动词指过去经常发生的动作,故用一般过去时。
答案: B
3. 一般过去时常和表示过去某时刻的时间状语连用,且这个时间与现在相隔离。
现在完成时所带的时间状语包含说话时在内或与说话时非常接近。
3) --- When ______you_______ (come)
--- I _______the day before yesterday.
4) I _________300 words this year.(learn)
5) He _____ the book 3 years ago. (write)
6) They ____________ many high-rise buildings in the last 10 years. (put up)
wrote
have put up
did
come
came
have learned
牢记: when 不与现在完成时连用。
just (刚刚)与现在完成时连用,just now (刚才)与一般过去时连用。例如:
The train has just gone. 火车刚刚离开。
The train left here just now. 火车是刚才离开。
.在特殊句型中的使用
①在This/It is the first(second,third...)time that...句型中,that从句要用现在完成时。
It is the second time I have met him today.
这是我今天第二次见到他了。
2)Thisis+形容词最高级+that…结构,that从句要用现在完成时。例如:
  This is the best film that I've(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。
Homework
Page 176 Complete these sentences Use either the past simple tense or the presnt perfect tense.
课后练案54页1;2.
Thank you
Bye!
1.So far this year we________a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A.saw    B.see
C.had seen D.have seen
答案: 考查动词的时态。句意为:今年到目前为止,我们看到房屋的价格下降了5%至10%。so far到目前为止,通常与现在完成时连用,故选D。
答案: D
2.—Have you called 119
—As soon as I saw the smoke,I called the firemen,but they ________yet.
A.didn’t arrive B.hadn’t arrive
C.haven’t arrived D.wouldn’t arrive
解析:选C。根据题意可知,消防员到现在还没有来,故选C。
3.—I don’t think we____________before.
—Well,I____________you once at a party,but we__________introduced then.
A.have met;saw;were not
B.met;saw;were not
C.have met;have seen;hadn’t
D.have met;saw;hadn’t
解析: 考查现在完成时与一般过去时。由句意及时间状语before及then可知A项正确。
答案: A
4.Ever since the Greens ________ to the countryside half a year ago,the family ________ better health.
A.move;have been enjoying
B.moved;have enjoyed
C.moved;have been enjoyed
D.moved;enjoying
【解析】 从句的时间状语为half a year ago,所以第一空应为过去时;主句的时间状语为ever since“自从……以来”,应用现在完成时,故答案为B。
【答案】 B
5,This is one of the happiest days ________ spent in my life.
A.that have ever been B.that have never been
C.which was ever D.which we have never
【解析】 先行词days有最高级the happiest修饰,故引导词只能用that,排除C、D两项;本句句意为:这是我人生中度过的最快乐的日子之一,应为肯定句,故排除B选项,答案为A。
【答案】 A
表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与一些时间状语,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice等连用,也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语,如these days, today, this year, so far等连用。
This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.
This is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to .
What sentence patterns can be used
in the Present Perfect Tense
1.—Do you know our town at all
—No,this is the first time I________here.
A.was B.have been
C.came D.am coming
解析: It/This is+序数词+time+that从句是固定句型。that从句要用现在完成时。
答案: B
2.It’s the first time this term we ________an examination after class in the afternoon.
A.didn’t have B.aren’t having
C.don’t have D.haven’t had
解析:选D。It(This/That) is (was) the first/second...time that...是某人第几次做某事,在这个句子结构中that从句的谓语动词常用完成时,但It后是is时,that从句的谓语用现在完成时;是was时用过去完成时。
【例3】 It’s the first time that he has been to Australia,________?
(2009·辽宁,34)
A.isn’t he B.hasn’t he C.isn’t it D.hasn’t it
【解题方法指导】 句意:这是他第一次到澳大利亚,不是吗?
It’s the first time that...是固定句型,反意疑问句的构成需依据主
句的主语和谓语而定。
答案:C
教材原文对照
4,It is the second time that I ________ in Hainan.What great changes have
taken place in Hainan!It is ten years since I ________ it last time.
A.have been;left B.had been;left
C.have gone;had left D.went;had left
解析:本题考查了两个句型。一是It is the second time that...句型,
that从句用现在完成时;二是It is some time since...句型,since从句用
一般过去时。
答案:A