人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions单词拓展导学案-（无答案）

Book 2 Unit 4 重点词汇精讲精练
philosophy n. 哲学 ___________ 哲学家
2. individual n. 个人adj. 单独的;个别的
1) She’s got a very individual way of dressing. ______
2)You can sign up as a group or as an individual. __
派生词： individualism n.个人主义
individuality n.个性；特征
3. chief adj. 最重要的;最高级别的 = main/______
n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数chiefs)
①the chief _________/_________: 主要问题/原因
②chief executive officer 首席执行官
③chef n.主厨；厨师长 没有cheif
4. puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问v.迷惑;使困惑
①puzzl____: adj. 令人迷惑的/困惑的
②puzzl____ adj.(人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的
be puzzled _________ sth: 对某事迷惑不解
1)Your sister will help you solve this puzzle. _______
2)These problems will puzzle the scientist. ________
3)These problems are __________(puzzle).
4)She had a _______(puzzle) look on her face.
nearby adv.在附近adj.附近的;邻近的
①near prep./adj./adv.在...附近 be near to...: 距...近
②Her mother lives in a nearby town. _______
= Her mother lives nearby. _______
6. join ... to...: 把…和…连接或联结起来 = ____________
e.g.The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
①________________ 被连接到
②joint adj. 共同的；联合的 joint ______ 共同努力
n.接合处；关节
7. break away (from sb/sth)脱离;背叛
①break _____: （战争/火灾/疾病等）爆发
②break ________: 崩溃; 坏掉;身体垮掉
③break _____: 分解; 拆开; 驱散; 拆散
④break _____: 闯入
break in 打断; 插嘴 break __________ 突破
It was wrong for him to break ______________ all his good friends.
8. belong v. 应在(某处);适应
① belong ___...属于;是…的成员(不用于进行时和被动)
e.g. Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.
② belong____ n. [U]归属
a _______ of belonging 归属感
③ belongings n. [pl.]所有物；财物=possessions
1) This truck _______(belong) to Mrs. Smith
2)This truck _______(belong) to Mrs. Smith broke down yesterday.
9. as well as: 同(一样也); 和; 还
*as well as, along with, together with等连接的名词或代词作主语时, 谓语动词遵循就远原则，意思是: “和”。
The teacher as well as her students ________(enjoy) listening to English songs.
currency n. 货币;通货（U/C） n. 通用;流传（U）
① _______ currencies 外汇
② have wide currency 广为流传
③ curren__ adj.当前的；流行的 current__ adv. 目前
current situation 当前的局势
current affairs/events 时事
11.defence (defense )---n. 防御，保护,辩护，辩解
① ________ defence 军事防御
② ____ defence of ... 为了保卫…
e.g. The soldiers fight in defence of their country.
③ in defence of sb. = in sb.’s defence 为某人辩护
e.g. Mr. Xiao stood up in defence of Melo, saying that he was not the one to blame.
④ _________ vt. & vi. 防御，保护 vt. 辩解，辩护
defend … _______/against … 保护…免受伤害；保卫…
= protect/ shelter/ preserve … from/against
12. legal adj.法律的;合法的 legally:adv.法律上;合法地
___legal adj.不合法的 illegal___ adv. 不法地
1)Everyone must earn money in the legal way.
2) It's ________(legal) to drive through a red light.
13. surround v. 围绕;包围
①be surround____ ____/____…: 被…围绕/包围
e.g. Surround yourself with uplifting (积极向上的) individuals who challenge you to be better.
②surrounding: adj. 周围的;附近的 (nearby)
the surrounding environment 周围环境
③surroundings: n.环境;周围的事物
1)The lake is surrounded ________ trees.
2) __________ (surround) by trees, the lake is very beautiful.
14.evidence n. 证据;证明【不可数名词】= ________
①a piece of evidence 一条证据
②eviden__ adj. 明显的；显而易见的
___ is evident/________/apparent/noticeable ____…
很明显…
e.g. It is evident that smoking may lead to death.
③evident___ adv. =obviously
e.g. Evidently, smoking may lead to death.
We have no _________(evident) to support the case.
15. achievement : n. 成就;成绩;达到
①________ an achievement / achievements 取得成就
②a ________ of achievement 成就感
③_______ : v. 取得; 获得; 实现; 成功
achieve one’s aim/goal/ dream 实现目标/梦想
achieve success / progress 取得成功/进步
④achievable adj. 可达到的；可实现的
16. location : n. 地方;地点;位置
①______________ : v. 使位于; 确定准确地点
②be located in/at/to…: 位于; 坐落在
_________(locate) in the center of the city, the shop is very popular.
conquer vt.占领；征服 conqueror n. 征服者
battle n. 战役；搏斗 vt. 搏斗；奋斗
① fight /_____ / _____a battle 打仗/打胜仗/打败仗
② battle with/_____ the enemy 与敌人战斗
③ battle _____ … 为…而奋斗；为…而战
类似：fight/struggle for / against / with
port n. 港口 = habor
export vt. 出口 import vt. 进口 transport vt. 运输
fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的
fascinate v.吸引；迷住 fascinated adj.入迷的
fascination n. 入迷；着迷；吸引力
21.keep your eyes open （for sth. /sb.） 留心；留意
Keep up with 跟上；赶上
Keep track of 了解...动态；追踪
Keep in touch with 与...保持联系
22. charge
①n.主管；负责
1)be ___ charge of 负责
e.g. Could I speak to the person who is in charge of the school 我能同学校的负责人谈谈吗？
2)be __ the charge of sb. 由...负责=be in sb’s charge
e.g.This project is in the charge of me/in my charge.
3)______ charge of 掌管；接管；负责
e.g. To become a successful person, we must be able to take charge of ourselves.
②n.费用；价钱 _____ of charge 免费
Delivery is free of charge. 免费送货
③vt & vi (向……) 收费；开价
charge (sb.) ___ sth. 因...向某人/物收费
e.g.The disadvantage of the hotel is that it charges for Wi-Fi. 这个酒店的缺点是Wi-Fi要收费。
e.g.The restaurant only charged me $40 (for wine).
④vt & vi (给……) 充电
charge the cellphone/_________ 给手机/电池充电
⑤vt 指控；控告 = accuse
charge sb ____ (doing) sth 控告某人（做）某事
e.g. She is charged with murdering her husband.
她被指控谋害其夫。
1)The company is _____________Mr. Wang.
2)Mr. Wang is _____________ the company.
23. announce v. 宣布;通知;声称
① announce_____ : n. 通告;宣告
_____ an announcement
② announcer n.广播员；宣告者
1)It is __________(announce) that there will be a celebration on National Day.
2)Boys and girls, I have an ____________(announce) to make.
24.amount n. 金额;数量
① a large amount of +不可数名词+单动 大量
large amounts of +不可数名词+复动 大量
② v. 达到 (某数量)；合计； 相当于 amount _____
e.g. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million.
e.g. Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing. 占有别人的东西就相当于偷窃。
1)A large amount of water has been polluted.
2)Large amounts of water ______________( pollute).
25. approach(复数+es) approachable adj. 友善的
① n.方法;途径;接近;道路
1)the approach __ ... 通往……的路
All approaches to the town were blocked（堵塞）.
2)an approach __ (______) sth(做)什么的方法
e.g.Do you have an approach to solving the puzzle
3)用这种方法in this way / approach
with this method by this means
②v. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理; 靠近
1) Summer vacation is ______(approach).
2)What’s the best way of _(approach) this problem
generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的 genero____ n.慷慨
① be generous with sth. 在某方面慷慨大方
② be generous to sb．对某人慷慨大方
③ It is generous of sb. to do sth．某人做某事真大方
1)The old couple are always generous ____ the poor people.
2)It was generous _____ you to lend me your new car for my holiday.
3) He was generous ______ his time, for which I was grateful.
eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 eagerly adv. 渴望地
① be eager _________ 渴望做= be thirsty to do
② be eager ______ sth. 渴求某物=be thirsty for sth.
③ eager______ n 渴望；热切
ll the students in our school are eager ______(enter) key universities.
28. poet n. 诗人 poem n.诗;诗歌(可数名词)
poetry n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作(不可数名词)
29. a feast for the eyes 视觉盛宴
roll v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动 n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
① a roll of paper/cloth 一卷纸/一匹布
② roll ______ 滚下来
e.g. Tears slowly rolled down her cheeks.
③ roll over 翻身
e.g. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. 我正走在路上，看见一匹小马翻身打了个滚。
④ roll up 卷起
e.g. He rolled up his sleeves. 他卷起袖子。
be dotted with 点缀
greet vt. 问候；迎接
① greet sb. ____ 用...问候某人
e.g. She greeted me with a sweet smile.
② greet___ n.问候，招呼；祝贺
offer/______ greetings ___ sb.向某人致意
e.g. My mother sends her greetings to you all.我母亲向你们大家问好。
33. custom n. 风俗 customs n. 海关；关税
customer n. 顾客 costume n. 服装
striking adj. 引人注目的;显著的
① A striking image. 引人注目的形象
② _____ v. 罢工; 侵袭; 重创; 打; 碰撞; 打动; 敲钟; (钟)
打点/报时 (strike--struck---struck/stricken)
There is a ________(strike) difference between Tom and Peter.
34.crowd v. 挤满; 使拥挤n. 人群;民众
① n 人群；观众：a crowd of/crowds of :一大群
② vt 挤满；塞满crowd..._______ 用...把...塞满/挤满
be crowd___ _______ 充满...；挤满...
e.g.crowd a room with furniture 把房间摆满家具
e.g. The restaurant is always crowded with
customers at meal times.
③ vi 聚集；涌进；蜂拥而至：
crowd _______ 挤进
crowd in (on sb)(想法/问题等)涌上心头
1)Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very ________(crowd).
2)Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding _____ on her.
④ crowded adj 拥挤的；挤满的；装满的