2024年备考中考冲刺英语语法总复习-数词 专题指导+课堂练习+2023真题演练（含答案）【通用版】

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第12讲 数词
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 2023年中考数词考情分析
三 网络构建 知识点头脑风暴
四 数词考向 1. 基数词的构成和用法2. 序数词的构成和用法3. 分数的表达法4.提升必考题型归纳
五 真题感悟 数词经典考题
【复习目标】
1.掌握基数词的构成和用法
2. 掌握序数词的构成和用法
3. 掌握分数的表达法
【考情分析】
【网络构建】
考向一基数词的构成和用法
数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。
(1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。
(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。
(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。
20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。
(4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。
48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。
(5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。
156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。
(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。
3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten；
94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five；
基数词的用法
① 表示确切数字时，基数词hundred, thousand, dozen（12）等，只用单数形式，不能加“s”
hundred
数词+ thousand (表示具体数字)
（several）million
billion
如：five thousand six hundred teachers 5600名教师
② 在表示某些概数的习语中，如“成百上千”等，基数词要加“s”
如：thousands of people 成千上万的人
hundreds thousands
Millions + of (表示概数)
billions
some / many hundreds
考点：百，千，万与具体的数字连用时不能加 s;表示数百，数千等时加 s.
③ 可以用来表示时间
如：5：00 five / five o’clock
4：25　four twenty－five
7：20 twenty past seven
11：15 a quarter past eleven
5：55 five to six
9：31 twenty－nine to ten
④ 可以用来表示年代
如：1980年 nineteen eighty
⑤ 可以用来表示年龄
如：He is ten years old.
⑥ 可以用来表示事物编号
如：No. Ten Middle School 第十中学
308 Nanjing Road 南京路308号
Room 209 房间209
Section 3 / Part 3 第三部分
⑦ 可以用于某些数学算式
如：Three and two is five. 3+2=5 Ten minus five is five. 10-5=5
Three multiplied by four makes twelve. 3×4=12
Sixteen divided by four is four. 16÷4=4
⑧ 可以用于倍数表达，”基数词 + times“ 表示“...是...几倍”
如：This room is three times as big as that one.
This room is three times bigger than that one.
This room is three times the size of that one.
⑨ 可以用于百分数表达。百分数由“基数词+百分号（%）”构成
如：30% = thirty percent 65% = sixty - five percent
考向二 序数词的构成和用法
first 1stsecond 2ndthird 3rdfourth 4thfifth 5thsixth 6thseventh 7theighth 8thninth 9thtenth 10th eleventh 11thtwelfth 12ththirteenth 13thfourteenth 14thfifteenth 15thsixteenth 16thseventeenth 17theighteenth 18thnineteenth 19thtwentieth 20th twenty-first 21sttwenty-second 22ndthirtieth 30thfortieth 40thfiftieth 50thsixtieth 60thseventieth 70theightieth 80thninetieth 90thhundredth 100thone hundred and first 101st
(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。
(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加＂th＂构成。如：fourth。
(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。
(4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。
(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。
基数词变序数词记忆口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，若是遇上整十数，ty变成tie再加th，若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。
序数词的用法
① 序数词的前面一般要用定冠词the表示”第几“的意思
如：You are the second one to know the way. 你是第二个知道方法的人
This is my third question. / Betty is Linda’s first good friend.
这是我的第三个问题 贝蒂是琳达第一个好朋友
We’ll read it a second time. 我们将再读一遍
② 可以用于年、月、日的表达；年、月用基数词，日用序数词
如：May the first / the first of May 5月1日
August the eighth / the eighth of August 8月1日
March 18th, 1978 1978年3月18日
③ 可以用于分数的表达；
分子是基数词，分母是序数词；当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式
如： two fifths one third six sevenths
注意：1/2通常读作 a (one) half
1/4可读作 a (one) fourth或a (one) quarter
④ 表示编号的时候，经常把基数词放在名词的前面表示顺序
相当于 the＋序数词＋ 名词，也可以用 “ 名词 + 基数词 ”
如：Lesson Five＝the fifth lesson 第五课
⑤ 可以用于倍数表达，”基数词 + times“ 表示“...是...几倍”
如：This room is two times as big as that one.
This room is two times bigger than that one.
This room is two times the size of that one.
考向三 分数的表达法
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourth 四分之三
课堂练习
一、单项选择
1．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Here is the menu of a restaurant. Jim usually orders a soup, a fruit salad, a pizza and a cup of coffee for lunch. Today is special Thursday. He will spend ________ dollars on his lunch.
Soup is free for special Thursday
Soup & Salad Main dishes Drinks
Soup $ 4 Pizza $ 18 Coffee $ 3
Potato salad $ 5 Pancake $ 10 Tea $ 2
Fruit salad $ 6 Pie $8 Juice $ 1
A．31 B．4 C．27
2．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）________ of the students in our class ________ going to the summer camp in Xiamen next week.
A．Two fifths; is B．Second fifths; are C．Two fifths; are
3．（2023·甘肃临夏·统考模拟预测）The Great Wall is a symbol of China. ________ travelers from all over the world visit it every year.
A．Ten millions of B．Ten millions C．Million of D．Millions of
4．（2023·四川泸州·统考二模）—Xi’an is a beautiful city with a population of about 13 ________.
—Yes. And every year ________ of tourists visit it.
A．million; million B．millions; million
C．million; millions D．millions; millions
5．（2023·重庆永川·统考一模）There are ________ pictures and the ________ one is my family photo.
A．two; first B．two; two C．first; first D．first; two
6．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）About ________ of the students in our class like ancient poems and they can write some by themselves.
A．two third B．second three C．two thirds D．second threes
7．（2023·江苏宿迁·校联考三模）My grandparents live in an old building with ________ floors and their flat is on the ________ floor.
A．sixth; three B．sixth; third C．six; three D．six; third
8．（2023·黑龙江佳木斯·统考三模）About ________ of the workers in the factory were born in the ________.
A．two fifths; 1970 B．two fifth; 1970 C．two fifths; 1970s
9．（2023·湖北恩施·统考二模）National Day is in October, the ________ month of the year, and is celebrated by people all over the country.
A．ten B．tenth C．ninth
10．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考三模）Shakespeare is my favorite writer. It’s said that ________ of his plays were written in his ________.
A．one thirds；fifties B．one third；fifty C．one third；fifties
11．（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）Jane has been to Quanzhou twice before and this is her time to come here.
A．second B．third C．fourth
12．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考三模）—Do you know July 1st of 2023 is the ________ birthday of the CPC（中国共产党）
—Of course. Thanks to it, Chinese are pulling together to achieve the second centenary goals.
A．one hundred and two B．one hundredth and second C．one hundred and second
13．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）Lunch is important for students. Some of them choose “Outside Small Table”. Parents have different opinions about it. ________ parents of 500 worry about that “Outside Small Table” has health trouble.
Opinion Satisfying personal need Bad eating environment Having health trouble
Percentage 25% 35%
A．150 B．100 C．200
14．（2023·甘肃白银·统考三模）At a quarter to five, I met Gina in the library.
A．4:15 B．4:45 C．5:15 D．5:45
15．（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）The river is ________ deep. It is dangerous for young kids to play or swim in it.
A．two and half meter B．two and one half meters C．two and a half meters
二、语法选择
（2023·广东广州·统考二模）
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, died at the age of 91 in Changsha in May 2021, 16 his legacy lives on, most recently with the successful development of the “huge rice”. It is twice as tall as common rice 17 is usually about one meter tall.
In 2018, his special type of rice 18 in Chongqing for 15 mu. It was grown 19 May and harvested four months later. Each mu of the fields 20 about 750 — 900 kilograms.
This type of rice is not only strong and tall, but also resistant to flood. It can 21 bring many nutrients to plants nearby and provide 22 good living environment for animals in water. 23 the water in the rice fields is 60-80 centimeters deep, it 24 even be used to raise fishes. From next year, “the giant rice” will be planted in 25 mu of fields in Chongqing.
Yuan once told the reporter 26 he dreamed: to “enjoy the cool shade beneath rice plants 27 than men” and to see hybrid rice grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage. But 28 , he can’t see this achievement. Many people posted online to pay tribute（致敬）to Yuan after 29 the success of developing the “giant rice”, saying “ 30 dream is gradually coming true. Can you see it ”
16．A．and B．but C．so D．or
17．A．which B．who C．whom D．whose
18．A．planted B．plants C．was planted D．was planting
19．A．on B．in C．for D．with
20．A．produce B．produces C．produced D．was producing
21．A．also B．too C．either D．as well
22．A．a B．an C．the D．/
23．A．Because B．Unless C．Although D．When
24．A．can B．may C．must D．should
25．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of
26．A．why B．that C．what D．how
27．A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest
28．A．sad B．sadly C．more sadly D．most sadly
29．A．to know B．knew C．knows D．knowing
30．A．You B．Your C．Yours D．Yourself
三、用所给单词适当形式填空
31．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）The old man is in his , but he seems healthy and happy. (sixty)
32．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）May comes after April and it is the (five) month of a year.
33．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考模拟预测）I am in my (three) year in this middle school.
34．（2023·甘肃临夏·统考模拟预测）China’s National Day comes in October, the (ten) month of the year.
35．（2023·甘肃定西·校考模拟预测）The old man lives on the (twelve) floor.
36．（2023·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Seventy-year-old Frank is the (forty-five) president of our school.
37．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）This year is the (twenty-eight) World Reading Day.
38．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）According to a recent survey, only two (five) of the working mothers want to have a second child.
39．（2023·云南昆明·统考二模）Tree Planting Day is on the of March. We plant many trees that day every year. (twelve)
40．（2023·江苏扬州·校考二模）Michelle Yeoh becomes the first Chinese actress to win an Oscar in her . (sixty)
真题演练
1．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—What’s thirty and ten
—It’s ________.
A．forty B．fifty C．seventy D．eighty
2．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）People plant ______ trees on Tree- Planting Day every year.
A．hundred B．hundreds of C．hundreds
3．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）My grandma told me the number “9” stands for “Long lasting”. So I chose the ________ floor to live on.
A．nine B．eighth C．ninth
4．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）The number of the fans going to this concert is about three ________. And ________ of them are girls.
A．thousand; two third B．thousands; two third
C．thousand; two thirds D．thousands; two thirds
5．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）Red Star over China (《红星照耀中国》) is so popular that ________ of the students in our class have finished reading it.
A．two third B．two thirds C．second three
6．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Dongjiang Lake is a good place to have fun and ________ tourists go camping there in summer.
A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of
7．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Nowadays, ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults.
A．the number of; four fifths
B．a number of; four fifths
C．a number of; four fifth
参考答案
语法选择题
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．A 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．B 29．D 30．B
语法填空
sixties 32.fifth 33.third 34.tenth 35.twelfth
36.forty-fifth 37.twenty-eight 38.fifths 39.twelfth 40sixties
真题演练
1-7 ABCCB CB
数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。
表示人的不确切岁数或年代，
用“几十”的复数形式表示
如：in his twenties 在他二十多岁时
in the 1980’s / 1980s 在20世纪80年代
“基数词 + 名词 + ......”构成复合形容词作定语
如：He is a ten-year-old boy.
It a five-minute walk from the library to the playground.
当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰，序数词前不用the
当表示”又一，再一“时，序数词前不用the，但可加不定冠词a / an
= twice / double
= twice / double
= twice / double
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