桐城中学2023-2024学年度第二学期开学考试
高一英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers probably going to cat lunch
A. At home. B. At a café. C. At a park.
2. How did Tom feel a moment ago
A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Confused.
3. What will the boy do first
A. Play football. B. Finish his homework. C. Go to the cinema.
4 Where did the man leave his bag
A. At school. B. At his friend’s. C. On the bus.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues.（同事） C. Teacher and student.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Have a good rest.
7. Which can be included in the woman’s breakfast
A. Eggs. B. Bread. C. Beef.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。
8. What is the man probably doing at first
A. Watching TV. B. Cooking the meal. C. Using the computer.
9. What is the woman probably going to do next
A. Turn to Allen.
B. Go to a repair shop.
C. Repair her computer by herself.
10. What is the probable relationship between Arthur and Allen
A. Strangers. B. Co-workers. C. Neighbors.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. Whom does the woman choose jewelry for
A. Herself. B. Her mother. C. Her friend.
12. What does the woman want to buy
A. A ring of size 6 and a long necklace.
B. A ring of size 7 and a short necklace.
C. A ring of size 7 and a long necklace.
13. What do we know about the necklace
A. It’s cheaper than the ring.
B. Its price depends on its quality.
C. The longer one is more expensive than the shorter one.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。
14. What good news does the woman tell the man
A. Emma gave birth to a baby.
B. She got a promotion.
C. She passed the driving test.
15. What does the name Dora mean according to the man
A. The goddess of flowers. B. The happiest person. C. The gift of God.
16. Where are probably the speakers
A. In the hospital. B. At home. C. In the shopping mall.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
17. What sport did the speaker coach
A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Gymnastics.
18. What does the speaker think of herself in 1990
A. Unfriendly. B. Easy-going. C. Generous.
19. How can motivation be promoted according to the speaker
A. By praise. B. By teamwork. C. By trust.
20. What does the speaker try to express in the talk
A. Process of winning is more important than the result.
B. Developing champions is a win-win success.
C. Winning always equals success.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Over the last century, engineers all over the world have spared no effort to achieve the unachievable in bridge design.
Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge
No bridge is as long as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the world. The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China serves as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip from Ningbo to Jiaxing that previously took 4.5 hours has been reduced to two, thanks to this bridge.
Rio-Niterói Bridge
Completed in 1974, the Rio-Niterói Bridge in Brazil is the second-longest bridge in all of Latin America connecting the cities of Rio and Niterói across the Guanabara Bay. The Rio-Niterói Bridge is technically known as a “box-girder (箱形梁)” bridge, made of special concrete. It receives an astonishing 140,000 (or more) vehicles per day.
Hartland Covered Bridge
The Hartland Covered Bridge is the world’s longest covered bridge. The 1,282-foot-long bridge was opened in 1901 and has been on Canada’s list of National Historic Sites since 1980. Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921.
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge
The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title of “longest continuous bridge over water” was given to the causeway, with the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge receiving the title of “longest bridge over water”.
1. On which of the following can trains pass
A. Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge.
B. Rio-Niterói Bridge.
C. Hartland Covered Bridge.
D. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge.
2. What is special about the Hartland Covered Bridge
A. It is a busy bridge. B. It was built in 1980.
C. It has a roof. D. It is a wooden bridge.
3. Where can you find the longest bridge over water
A. In America. B. In Brazil. C. In Canada. D. In China.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了过去的一个世纪里人类修建的四座有特色的桥梁。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge中“The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China serves as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. (这座164.8公里长的大桥建于2011年，是京沪高速铁路的一部分。)”可知，因为丹昆特大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，由此可知，火车可以从丹昆特大桥通过。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hartland Covered Bridge中“Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921.(虽然这座桥最初是没有屋顶的，但在1921年的维修期间，桥上覆盖了木制材料。)”可知，加拿大哈特兰廊桥的特别之处在于它有木制屋顶。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jiaozhou Bay Bridge中“The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway.(2011年，中国新建的胶州湾大桥被吉尼斯世界纪录评为“世界上最长的水上桥梁”，此前该头衔由庞恰特雷恩湖堤道保持。)”可知，在中国你可以找到最长的水上桥梁——胶州湾大桥。故选D。
B
At first, Michael Surrell didn’t see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbor’s home. He had just parked around the corner from his own house when he got a call from his daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He went to look. That’s when he saw an old woman crying outside.
“The baby’s in there!” she cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, ran inside without hesitation (犹豫). Entering the burning house was like “running into a bucket of black paint,” Surrell says. The thick smoke burned his eyes and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous for anyone, but for Surrell, who had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的).
After a few minutes in the smoke—filled house, he retreated (后退) outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tiara ” he asked desperately.
“The second floor,” the old woman shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor.
“Baby girl, where are you ”
His throat and lungs burned as if he’d breathed fire instead of the smoke in the air. He couldn’t open his eyes. All he could hear was the crackling (破裂声) of burning wood. Then a soft sound came out. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor and climbed toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl.
Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled the baby toward him. Her body was weak and she wasn’t breathing. He carried her into his arms and ran blindly into the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside.
4. Why was the old woman crying outside
A. She lost the baby in the fire. B. The baby was hurt in the fire.
C. The baby was in the burning house. D. She couldn’t call the fire department.
5. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A. Surrell’s daughter worked in a fire department.
B. Surrell would probably have been killed by the fire.
C. The smoke blanketed (笼罩) Surrell’s house from next door.
D. A bucket of black paint blocked Surrell’s way to the house.
6. How did Surrell find the baby on the second floor
A. By searching on his knees. B. By opening the back door.
C. By shouting repeatedly. D. By turning on the light.
7 Which of the following best describes Surrell
A. Determined and patient. B. Independent and devoted.
C. Generous and reliable. D. Brave and caring.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了邻居的房子着火了，但是一个婴儿被困在房子里。Surrell冒着生命危险，勇敢地冲进房子里，跪在地上摸索着，最终找到了婴儿，将她带了出来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“he got a call from his daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He went to look. That’s when he saw an old woman crying outside. (他接到女儿的电话：“隔壁的房子着火了!”他去看了看。就在这时，他看到一个老妇人在外面哭。)”和文章第二段““The baby’s in there!” she cried. (“孩子在里面!”她叫道。)”可知，隔壁房子着火了，但是一个婴儿还在着火的房子里，所以那个老妇人在外面哭。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The thick smoke burned his eyes and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous for anyone, but for Surrell, who had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的). (浓烟灼伤了他的眼睛，使他无法呼吸。这种情况对任何人来说都是危险的，但对患有肺病的Surrell来说，这是危及生命的。)”可知，着火的房子浓烟滚滚，使人无法呼吸，这对于患有肺病的Surrell来说是致命的。由此推知，大火可能会导致他死亡。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor and climbed toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl.(Surrell仍然看不见，他跪在滚烫的木地板上，朝声音传来的地方爬去，四处寻找那个女孩的踪迹。)”和文章最后一段“Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled the baby toward him. (最后，他摸到了什么东西。先是鞋子，然后是脚踝。他把婴儿拉向自己。)”可知，Surrell在看不见的情况下，跪在炽热的木地板上，爬到声音传来的地方，四处寻找女孩的踪迹。最后，他找到了婴儿的鞋子和脚踝。由此可知，他是通过跪在地上四处摸索找到婴儿的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Surrell, then 64, ran inside without hesitation (犹豫).( 当时64岁的索雷尔毫不犹豫地跑了进去。)”可知，短文主要讲Surrell冒着生命危险冲进着火的房子里去救一个婴儿，这体现了他勇敢，有爱心的特点。故选D。
C
Marine life (海洋生物) in Florida Keys is negatively influenced by two forces: human activity and climate change. The former involves fishing, tourism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Fortunately, when the researchers of Florida Museum of Natural History started looking for sea urchins (海胆) on the ocean floor off the coast of Florida Keys in the summer of 2020, they uncovered their population had relatively been stable since the 1960s.
The researchers visited 27 sites along a 20-mile stretch of coast near Florida Keys looking for tracks that reflected the presence of burrowing echinoids (穴居海胆类动物).“The findings that burrowing echinoids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and environmental pollution over the last 60 years was a huge discovery for us.” said study co-author Tobias Grun.
Grun said, “However, we know little about their current distribution, population size, and health. The reason is not the lack of interest by the scientific community but lies in that fieldwork is very expensive.” As the climate crisis progresses, it’s important to understand why some marine creatures are more resilient in bearing the impacts of a worsening environment than others. Grun said, “Evolution may be at play. Some marine animals are very opportunistic. They can tolerate a wide range of abiotic factors like pH, temperature, and salinity, to name a few.”
Grun added, “At this point, our data show that burrowing echinoids are more resilient than many other marine species and are doing comparatively well. That does not mean that we can push our luck and keep going the way we are right now. Our study provides some hope that these creatures are resilient, but much more work is needed to translate our findings into a larger scale. The reasons for their resilience are also widely unknown.”
8. Which has a bad effect on the marine life in Florida Keys
A. Wildfire. B. Farming. C. Fishing. D. Flood.
9. What did Grun think of the findings
A. Indifferent. B. Important. C. Subjective. D. Outdated
10. What was a challenge for the research according to Grun
A. The aims. B. The members C. The cost D. The usage
11. What does Grun tell us in the last paragraph
A. It’s necessary to do further research.
B. It’s right to keep going the present way.
C. The reasons for sea urchins’ resilience are well known.
D. Fish are more resilient than other marine species.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。研究人员发现，Florida Keys的海胆数量相对稳定，这对研究海洋生态系统有重要意义。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Marine life (海洋生物) in Florida Keys is negatively influenced by two forces: human activity and climate change. The former involves fishing, tourism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes.(Florida Keys的海洋生物受到两个力量的负面影响：人类活动和气候变化。前者涉及渔业、旅游和潜水，而后者导致强烈飓风的数量大幅增加)”可知，捕鱼业对Florida Keys的海洋生物有负面作用。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers visited 27 sites along a 20-mile stretch of coast near Florida Keys looking for tracks that reflected the presence of burrowing echinoids (穴居海胆类动物). ‘The findings that burrowing echinoids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and environmental pollution over the last 60 years was a huge discovery for us.’ said study co-author Tobias Grun.(研究人员在Florida Keys附近的沿海20英里范围内的27个地点进行了访问，寻找反映穴居海胆类动物存在的痕迹。研究合著者托比亚斯·格伦表示：‘我们发现，在过去60年里，穴居海胆对气候变化和环境污染的适应能力很强，这对我们来说是一个巨大的发现。’)”可知，格伦认为这些发现很重要。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Grun said, ‘However, we know little about their current distribution, population size, and health. The reason is not the lack of interest by the scientific community but lies in that fieldwork is very expensive.’(格伦说：‘然而，我们对它们当前的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少。原因并不是科学界缺乏兴趣，而是实地调查非常昂贵。’)”可知，格伦对穴居海胆类动物的分布、种群规模和健康状况知之甚少，是因为实地调查非常昂贵，推知费用是这项研究面临的挑战。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Grun added, ‘At this point, our data show that burrowing echinoids are more resilient than many other marine species and are doing comparatively well. That does not mean that we can push our luck and keep going the way we are right now. Our study provides some hope that these creatures are resilient, but much more work is needed to translate our findings into a larger scale. The reasons for their resilience are also widely unknown.’(格伦补充说：‘目前，我们的数据显示，穴居海胆比许多其他海洋物种更具适应能力，并且状况相对较好。但这并不意味着我们可以一直保持现状而不受后果。我们的研究为这些生物的有适应力提供了一些希望，但还需要进行更多工作将我们的发现扩大到更大的范围。它们适应力的原因也很大程度上不为人所知。’)”可知，格伦觉得还需要进行更多工作将他们的发现扩大到更大的范围，也就是做进一步的研究。故选A项。
D
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem It’s possible that we all don’t have enough conversational ability. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s embarrassing and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s a valuable social practice that leads to big benefits.
It is easy to consider small talk as unimportant, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist (存在) if there weren’t casual conversations. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, professor of psychology at UBC, invited people to a coffee shop. One group was asked to interact with its waiter, the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported obviously higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network is important for our happiness and health.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of belonging, a link with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.
12. What does the underline word “casual” in paragraph 3mean
A. Addictive B. Public C. Personal D. Informal
13. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci
A. Showing good manners. B. Making business deals.
C. Focusing on a topic. D. Keeping in contact with other people.
14. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk
A It raises people’s confidence. B. It makes people feel good.
C. It improves family relationships. D. It matters as much as a formal talk.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk
C. Importance of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何和周围的人进行聊天及聊天的好处。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Small talk is the grease for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”(印第安纳大学东南分校羞怯研究所所长Bernardo Carducci说，闲聊是社交的润滑剂。他解释道：“几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一笔重大的商业交易都始于闲聊。”“成功闲聊的秘诀是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流。”)”可知，闲聊对于建立深入的合作关系是非常重要的，再由划线词所在句的“It is easy to consider small talk as unimportant, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if there weren’t casual conversations.(人们很容易认为闲聊不重要，但我们不能忘记，如果没有casual交谈，深层关系甚至不会存在)”可知，深层关系的存在是需要闲聊的，闲聊即“非正式的谈话”，因此划线词意为“非正式的”。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The secret to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.(成功闲聊的秘诀是学会如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流)”可知，Carducci认为，与他人保持联系对成功的闲聊很重要。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported obviously higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.(结果显示，那些与服务员聊天的人表现出明显更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验)”可知，和服务员聊天的人的情绪更高，即这会使人感觉更好，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段通过描述当前社会中存在与陌生人缺乏交流的现象切入，第二段分析其原因并引入专家认为闲聊是非常宝贵的社会实践，能带来巨大的好处的观点，第三段通过一项研究，进一步具体指出闲聊的益处，最后一段说明闲聊是培养良好礼貌的基础。因此，本文主要是讲述闲聊的重要性，则C项“闲聊的重要性”可以作为标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some Winter Activities
Winter activities are underestimated (低估). The days may be shorter, but the list of fun activities isn’t. Don’t let the winter blues take over. ____16____
Finding your favourite. ____17____ Nobody likes cardio (有氧运动) for a long time, but signing up for an adult sports team, or taking a yoga class on the weekend can be a fun way to break up the boredom of going to the gym. Recreational (娱乐的) sports are also a great way to meet new people.
Walking on snow. ____18____ Walking with snowshoes is friendly to beginners, and suitable for kids and seniors alike. You can buy a set for under $100 or rent some for the afternoon. Take a friend or walk alone to enjoy the peacefulness of the outdoors in winter.
Skiing. Those that love it really love it. Hitting the ski hills is an old wintertime tradition. It gets you outside, boosts your mood, and serves as a core workout. You don’t need the latest gear (设备) to be able to have fun. ____19____ If you’re feeling tired of too much indoor time, get your heart pumping at a nearby ski hill.
____20____ Taking an online class, or picking up an instrument for the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding your professional skill can do wonders for your future job prospects. It may take a little planning, but consider learning something new this season.
A. Go to the gym.
B. Learning something.
C. Most ski fields rent gear too.
D. Be active and try these winter activities.
E. The following are things you can do at home.
F. You needn’t be an athlete to enjoy this seasonal activity.
G. The key to keeping healthy is finding what you enjoy doing.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些可以在冬季进行的活动。
16题详解】
前文“The days may be shorter, but the list of fun activities isn’t. Don’t let the winter blues take over. (白天可能更短，但有趣的活动清单却不是。不要让冬天的忧郁占据上风。)”讲述了冬天也有一些有趣的活动，所以不要让冬天的阴霾笼罩自己，空处应承上启下，引出接下来的一些活动，D项“活跃起来，尝试这些冬季活动。”符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
前文“Finding your favourite. (找到你最喜欢的事情。)”是本段主旨句，讲述了要找到自己最喜欢做的事情，G项“保持健康的关键是找到你喜欢做的事情。”与主题相照应。故选G。
【18题详解】
后文“Walking with snowshoes is friendly to beginners, and suitable for kids and seniors alike. (穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，适合儿童和老年人。)”讲述了穿着雪鞋走路对初学者很友好，所以空处应是说不需要成为运动员就可以做这项活动，F项“你不必是一名运动员就可以享受这种季节性的活动。”符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
前文“You don’t need the latest gear (设备) to be able to have fun. (你不需要最新的装备就能玩得开心。)”讲述了没必要购买最新的装备，空处应说有其他获得装备的方式，C项“大多数滑雪场也租装备。”符合题意。故选C。
【20题详解】
空处是本段主旨句。根据后文“Taking an online class, or picking up an instrument for the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding your professional skill can do wonders for your future job prospects. It may take a little planning, but consider learning something new this season. (参加在线课程，或者第一次学乐器，都会带来难以置信的回报。扩展你的专业技能可以为你未来的工作前景创造奇迹。这可能需要一些规划，但可以考虑在这个季节学习一些新的东西。)”可知，本段主要是讲述学习新东西的好处，所以B项“学一些东西。”符合题意。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the second year of my high school, I went abroad to continue my education. Shortly after I settled down with my host family, an Italian girl ____21____ too. Since the house had limited space, we ____22____ together. My negative view on roommates started from that moment. My roommate liked to invite friends over and hold parties, but I preferred ____23____ home by myself. Then ____24____ started to appear, and I told myself that I never wanted a roommate again.
Unfortunately, life quickly ____25____ me when I went to college. It required all first-year students to live on ____26____, which meant I had to live with someone I didn’t know. From that point on, I began to ____27____. When I talked to my future roommate Lily for the very first time, I tried my best to smile and nod to hide my nervousness. When she invited me to have lunch, I was completely ____28____. I told myself that I should step out of my comfort ____29____, even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest. I considered it for a long time, and finally, I accepted her _____30_____.
After we _____31_____ together for a few weeks, I got to know Lily already owned a small business selling snacks, while I kept _____32_____ to set goals. One night, she asked me what I wanted to do for my career. I looked into her eyes for a long time, and then said, “I don’t know.” “Don’t worry! We will work together, and I’ll help you _____33_____ what you are passionate about,” she said in a gentle voice. Under her _____34_____, I found my interest and knew what I wanted to be after graduation. Thanks to her, I felt having a roommate could be so _____35_____.
21. A. ran away B. sped up C. set off D. moved in
22. A. lay B. cooked C. roomed D. studied
23. A. coming B. staying C. leaving D. returning
24. A. results B. changes C. conflicts D. signs
25. A. challenged B. embraced C. ignored D. woke
26. A. street B. campus C. land D. stage
27. A. worry B. expect C. cry D. understand
28. A. confused B. disappointed C. interested D. frightened
29. A. bed B. room C. chair D. zone
30. A. suggestion B. invitation C. apology D. present
31. A. worked B. gathered C. united D. lived
32. A. waiting B. planning C. struggling D. wanting
33. A. enjoy B. find C. address D. solve
34. A. influence B. control C. leadership D. protection
35. A. successful B. secure C. inspiring D. stressful
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚开始不喜欢和别人一起住，后来上大学时按照学校要求作者不得不和别人一起住，作者起初很紧张，后来在室友莉莉的帮助下，作者认识到有个室友是那么地鼓舞人心。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在寄宿家庭安顿下来后不久，一个意大利女孩也搬了进来。A. ran away逃跑；B. sped up加速；C. set off出发；D. moved in搬进。根据下文“Since the house had limited space, we ____2____ together. My negative view on roommates started from that moment.”可知，一个意大利女孩也搬进了这个寄宿家庭。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为房子空间有限，我们就住在一起。A. lay铺设；B. cooked烹饪；C. roomed合住；D. studied研究。根据下文“My negative view on roommates started from that moment.”可知，我们住在一起了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友喜欢邀请朋友来家里聚会，但我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。A. coming来；B. staying停留；C. leaving离开；D. returning返回。根据下文“home by myself”及语境可知，我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后矛盾开始出现，我告诉自己我再也不要室友了。A. results结果；B. changes变更；C. conflicts矛盾；D. signs标志。根据上文“My roommate liked to invite friends over and hold parties, but I preferred ____3____ home by myself.”可知，我们观念不同，所以出现了矛盾。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当我上大学时，生活很快向我提出了挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. embraced拥抱；C. ignored忽略；D. woke醒来。根据上文“Then ____4____ started to appear, and I told myself that I never wanted a roommate again.”及下文“It required all first-year students to live on ____6____, which meant I had to live with someone I didn’t know.”可知，我想要室友，但是大学要求住宿，所以这对我提出了挑战。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它要求所有的一年级学生都住在校园里，这意味着我必须和一个我不认识的人住在一起。A. street街；B. campus校园；C. land土地；D. stage阶段。根据下文“which meant I had to live with someone I didn’t know.”可知，学校要求一年级学生都要在校园里住宿。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我开始担心起来。A. worry担心；B. expect预期；C. cry哭泣；D. understand理解。根据下文“When I talked to my future roommate Lily for the very first time, I tried my best to smile and nod to hide my nervousness.”可知，我很紧张，所以我很担心自己未来的住宿生活。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她邀请我共进午餐时，我完全吓坏了。A. confused困惑的；B. disappointed失望的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“I told myself that I should step out of my comfort ____9____, even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest.”可知，当时我很紧张，非常害怕。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区，尽管我可以清楚地听到我的心跳穿过我的胸膛。A. bed床；B. room房间；C. chair椅子；D. zone区域。根据上文“I told myself that I should step out of my comfort”及常识可知，我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了很久，最后，我接受了她的邀请。A. suggestion建议；B. invitation邀请；C. apology道歉；D. present礼物。根据上文“When she invited me to have lunch, I was completely ____8____.”可知，我的室友邀请我共进午餐，经过长时间的考虑，最后，我接受了她的邀请。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. worked工作；B. gathered聚集；C. united联合；D. lived居住。根据上文“When I talked to my future roommate Lily for the very first time, I tried my best to smile and nod to hide my nervousness.”可知，我和莉莉是室友，我们住在一起。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. waiting等待；B. planning计划；C. struggling努力；D. wanting想要。根据下文“One night, she asked me what I wanted to do for my career. I looked into her eyes for a long time, and then said, “I don’t know.””可知，我还没有自己的目标，所以我一直在努力设定目标。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别担心！我们会一起努力，我会帮你找到你的激情所在，”她温柔地说。A. enjoy享受；B. find找到；C. address演讲；D. solve解决。根据上文“I looked into her eyes for a long time, and then said, “I don’t know.””及下文“what you are passionate about”可知，我不知道自己的目标，所以莉莉在帮助我找我的激情所在。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的影响下，我找到了自己的兴趣，也知道自己毕业后想做什么。A. influence影响；B. control控制；C. leadership领导力；D. protection保护。根据语境可知，此处指在莉莉的帮助下，我找到自己的兴趣。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了她，我才觉得有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心。A. successful成功的；B. secure安全的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful有压力的。根据上文“Thanks to her”可知，此处在表达感激之情，“有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心”符合语境。故选C。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From October 4 to October 6, the National English Speaking Competition ____36____ (hold) in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. A total of one million people of different ages, from kindergarten kids to young professionals, took part in this year’s event.
During the three-day event, young ____37____ (compete) expressed themselves by delivering speeches about ____38____ (vary) topics, including History as a Mirror, The Promise of Youth, and The Power of Dreams. In addition ____39____ showing their impressive English ability, they also shared their views on the world as a generation of being open-minded, individualistic, and socially responsible.
When ____40____ competition was first run in 1996, the goal was ____41____ (train) college students to master another language and communicate clearly with foreigners. ____42____, in the past 25 years the event ____43____ (go) far beyond this simple goal. It now plays a role in helping document (记录) the major steps ____44____ the country takes in its development, ____45____ (encourage) young people to share China’s stories and providing a stage for those who will shape the future.
【答案】36. was held
petitors
38. various
39. to 40. the
41. to train
42. However
43. has gone
44. that##which
45. encouraging
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了10月4日至6日，在四川省成都市举行的全国英语演讲比赛。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：10月4日至6日，全国英语演讲比赛在四川省成都市举行。根据From October 4 to October 6可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词hold与主语the National English Speaking Competition构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was held。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：在为期三天的活动中，年轻的参赛者们发表了各种主题的演讲，包括“历史是一面镜子”，“青春的承诺”和“梦想的力量”。分析句子可知，空处应用名词competitors“参赛者”在句中作主语，可数名词前没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填competitors。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在为期三天的活动中，年轻的参赛者们发表了各种主题的演讲，包括“历史是一面镜子”，“青春的承诺”和“梦想的力量”。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词various“各种各样的”在句中作定语。故填various。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了展现他们卓越的英语能力之外，他们还分享了作为开放、个性独立且具有社会责任感的一代人对世界的看法。in addition to“除了”为固定短语。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当这项比赛于1996年首次举办时，其目标是培养大学生掌握另一种语言并与外国人清晰交流。分析句子可知，空处应填定冠词the，特指上文提到的名词the National English Speaking Competition。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：当这项比赛于1996年首次举办时，其目标是培养大学生掌握另一种语言并与外国人清晰交流。分析句子可知，空处应填不定式在句中作表语，说明主语的内容。故填to train。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在过去的25年里，这项活动已经远远超出了这个简单的目标。分析句子可知，空处前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，故用转折副词however，位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去的25年里，这项活动已经远远超出了这个简单的目标。根据时间状语in the past 25 years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the event为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has gone。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：现在，它在帮助记录国家发展过程中的重大步骤、鼓励年轻人分享中国故事、为那些塑造未来的人提供舞台上发挥着作用。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词steps，先行词为物，且在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，它在帮助记录国家发展过程中的重大步骤、鼓励年轻人分享中国故事、为那些塑造未来的人提供舞台上发挥着作用。分析句子可知，空处应用动名词形式与helping和providing并列，作介词in的宾语。故填encouraging。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的好友Zoe最近学业压力很大。你看出了她的焦虑，决定写一封信表达自己的关心，并给出几条建议。要点如下：
1．表达关切；
2．给出建议：调整心态；改进方法；劳逸结合等；
3．表达期望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Zoe,
I am sorry to see that you have been under a lot of pressure these days. I have gone through the same struggle as you, so here I’d like to offer several pieces of advice.
Firstly, you need to be more positive and confident. What’s more, it also helps to make a timetable to improve your efficiency. Last but not least, why not try to strike a balance between work and rest Proper relaxation can better prepare you for the upcoming tasks.
Hope my advice can be of help to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Zoe写一封信，就对方因学业压力大感觉焦虑表达关心，并给出几条建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
建议：advice→suggestions
此外：what’s more→in addition
提高：improve→enhance
2.句式拓展
句型转换
简单句变复合句
原句：I have gone through the same struggle as you, so here I’d like to offer several pieces of advice.
拓展句：Because I have gone through the same struggle as you, here I’d like to offer several pieces of advice.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I am sorry to see that you have been under a lot of pressure these days. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 Hope my advice can be of help to you. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During my school years, I had only close friend. We spent years together, and we were inseparable, in or out of school. But the Greg moved away, and I never thought it would take more than 40 years to bring us together again.
As children, Greg and I dove into everything with passion. At that time, we were pure (纯真的) and kind, full of curiosity and expectation for life. We raced our bikes and illustrated (给书加插图) our own comic books. We even became attracted to the same girl from around the corner, a sixth -grader named Joanne who barely (几乎不) knew we existed.
The last times a Greg was sometime in 1966. It was so short a meeting that I couldn’t recall saying goodbye before he moved. Since then, we lost touch.
But then, a few summers ago, I saw a familiar woman. “Excuse me. Would your name happen to be Joanne ”
“Uh, yes...” She didn’t recognise me until I explained who I was. We hadn’t exchanged more than a few dozen words in our entire lifetime. “Have you stayed in touch with Greg ” she asked. I was surprised she even knew of our friendship.
“No. I haven’t,” I admitted. “I wish I had.”
Back at the office I checked my messages. I received one email, and then read it from start to finish. The email was from Greg.
Greg had tracked me down through social media. He was now married, had two children and had become a musician and entrepreneur (企业家) . We exchanged several emails before connecting by phone. A month later, my wife and I drove to meet Greg and his family in person.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Standing in front of his house, I began to get nervous.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing the photo, Greg handed me a small, old card.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Standing in front of his house, I began to get nervous. I didn’t know what to say or do. So much time had passed and a lot of memories seemed to have been blurred. But after hugs and introductions, the years dissolved as we exchanged stories about our lives. I had brought along the only picture I could find containing the two of us from my sixth birthday. The picture is a witness to our friendship in the past.
Seeing the photo, Greg handed me a small, old card. It was written “Greg’s invitation to my sixth birthday party”, signed “From Donnie” in faded blue crayon. Although the card had turned yellow, it could be seen that he kept it carefully for many years. There were a few other things shared that evening, but none as meaningful as the invitation and the picture. They were stored apart but saved for the reunion of two old friends. True friendship does not fade with time.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和小时候的朋友Greg对任何事情都充满热情，后来对方搬走，两人失去了联系。到多年后，Greg通过社交媒体找到了作者，一个月后作者和妻子开车去见Greg和他的家人。两人再次团聚。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“站在他家门前，我开始紧张起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者紧张的心情以及两人见面后场景。
②由第二段首句内容“看到照片，Greg递给我一张又小又旧的卡片。”可知，第二段可描写卡片上的内容以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：站在门前——感到紧张——交换了各自的生活故事——递给卡片——阅读卡片——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
时间流逝：pass/go by
递给：hand/give
消失：fade/disappear
情绪类
紧张的：nervous/tense
有意义的：meaningful/significant
【点睛】[高分句型1] I didn’t know what to say or do. (运用了“疑问词+不定式”作宾语)
[高分句型2] Although the card had turned yellow it could be seen that he kept it carefully for many years. (运用了although引导让步状语从句)桐城中学2023-2024学年度第二学期开学考试
高一英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers probably going to cat lunch
A. At home. B. At a café. C. At a park.
2. How did Tom feel a moment ago
A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Confused.
3. What will the boy do first
A. Play football. B. Finish his homework. C. Go to the cinema.
4. Where did the man leave his bag
A. At school. B. At his friend’s. C. On the bus.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues.（同事） C. Teacher and student.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6. What does the man advise the woman to do
A Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Have a good rest.
7. Which can be included in the woman’s breakfast
A. Eggs. B. Bread. C. Beef.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。
8. What is the man probably doing at first
A. Watching TV. B. Cooking the meal. C. Using the computer.
9. What is the woman probably going to do next
A. Turn to Allen.
B. Go to a repair shop.
C Repair her computer by herself.
10. What is the probable relationship between Arthur and Allen
A. Strangers. B. Co-workers. C. Neighbors.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. Whom does the woman choose jewelry for
A. Herself. B. Her mother. C. Her friend.
12. What does the woman want to buy
A. A ring of size 6 and a long necklace.
B. A ring of size 7 and a short necklace.
C. A ring of size 7 and a long necklace.
13. What do we know about the necklace
A. It’s cheaper than the ring.
B. Its price depends on its quality.
C. The longer one is more expensive than the shorter one.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16题。
14. What good news does the woman tell the man
A. Emma gave birth to a baby.
B. She got a promotion.
C. She passed the driving test.
15. What does the name Dora mean according to the man
A. The goddess of flowers. B. The happiest person. C. The gift of God.
16. Where are probably the speakers
A. In the hospital. B. At home. C. In the shopping mall.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
17. What sport did the speaker coach
A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Gymnastics.
18. What does the speaker think of herself in 1990
A. Unfriendly. B. Easy-going. C. Generous.
19. How can motivation be promoted according to the speaker
A. By praise. B. By teamwork. C. By trust.
20. What does the speaker try to express in the talk
A. Process of winning is more important than the result.
B. Developing champions is a win-win success.
C. Winning always equals success.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Over the last century engineers all over the world have spared no effort to achieve the unachievable in bridge design.
Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge
No bridge is as long as the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in the world. The 164.8-kilometre-long bridge built in 2011 in China serves as part of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The trip from Ningbo to Jiaxing that previously took 4.5 hours has been reduced to two, thanks to this bridge.
Rio-Niterói Bridge
Completed in 1974, the Rio-Niterói Bridge in Brazil is the second-longest bridge in all of Latin America connecting the cities of Rio and Niterói across the Guanabara Bay. The Rio-Niterói Bridge is technically known as a “box-girder (箱形梁)” bridge, made of special concrete. It receives an astonishing 140,000 (or more) vehicles per day.
Hartland Covered Bridge
The Hartland Covered Bridge is the world’s longest covered bridge. The 1,282-foot-long bridge was opened in 1901 and has been on Canada’s list of National Historic Sites since 1980. Although it was originally built without a roof, the bridge was capped with wooden materials during the repairs in 1921.
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge
The newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridge in China was named “world’s longest bridge over water” by Guinness Book of World Records in 2011, a title previously held by the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway. The dispute was settled when the title of “longest continuous bridge over water” was given to the causeway, with the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge receiving the title of “longest bridge over water”.
1. On which of the following can trains pass
A. Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge.
B. Rio-Niterói Bridge.
C. Hartland Covered Bridge.
D. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge.
2. What is special about the Hartland Covered Bridge
A. It is a busy bridge. B. It was built in 1980.
C. It has a roof. D. It is a wooden bridge.
3. Where can you find the longest bridge over water
A. In America. B. In Brazil. C. In Canada. D. In China.
B
At first, Michael Surrell didn’t see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbor’s home. He had just parked around the corner from his own house when he got a call from his daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He went to look. That’s when he saw an old woman crying outside.
“The baby’s in there!” she cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, ran inside without hesitation (犹豫). Entering the burning house was like “running into a bucket of black paint,” Surrell says. The thick smoke burned his eyes and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous for anyone, but for Surrell, who had lung disease, they were life—threatening (威胁生命的).
After a few minutes in the smoke—filled house, he retreated (后退) outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tiara ” he asked desperately.
“The second floor,” the old woman shouted back.
Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor.
“Baby girl, where are you ”
His throat and lungs burned as if he’d breathed fire instead of the smoke in the air. He couldn’t open his eyes. All he could hear was the crackling (破裂声) of burning wood. Then a soft sound came out. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor and climbed toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl.
Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled the baby toward him. Her body was weak and she wasn’t breathing. He carried her into his arms and ran blindly into the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside.
4. Why was the old woman crying outside
A. She lost the baby in the fire. B. The baby was hurt in the fire.
C. The baby was in the burning house. D. She couldn’t call the fire department.
5. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A. Surrell’s daughter worked in a fire department.
B. Surrell would probably have been killed by the fire.
C. The smoke blanketed (笼罩) Surrell’s house from next door.
D. A bucket of black paint blocked Surrell’s way to the house.
6. How did Surrell find the baby on the second floor
A. By searching on his knees. B. By opening the back door.
C. By shouting repeatedly. D. By turning on the light.
7. Which of the following best describes Surrell
A. Determined and patient. B. Independent and devoted.
C. Generous and reliable. D. Brave and caring.
C
Marine life (海洋生物) in Florida Keys is negatively influenced by two forces: human activity and climate change. The former involves fishing, tourism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Fortunately, when the researchers of Florida Museum of Natural History started looking for sea urchins (海胆) on the ocean floor off the coast of Florida Keys in the summer of 2020, they uncovered their population had relatively been stable since the 1960s.
The researchers visited 27 sites along a 20-mile stretch of coast near Florida Keys looking for tracks that reflected the presence of burrowing echinoids (穴居海胆类动物).“The findings that burrowing echinoids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and environmental pollution over the last 60 years was a huge discovery for us.” said study co-author Tobias Grun.
Grun said, “However, we know little about their current distribution, population size, and health. The reason is not the lack of interest by the scientific community but lies in that fieldwork is very expensive.” As the climate crisis progresses, it’s important to understand why some marine creatures are more resilient in bearing the impacts of a worsening environment than others. Grun said, “Evolution may be at play. Some marine animals are very opportunistic. They can tolerate a wide range of abiotic factors like pH, temperature, and salinity, to name a few.”
Grun added, “At this point, our data show that burrowing echinoids are more resilient than many other marine species and are doing comparatively well. That does not mean that we can push our luck and keep going the way we are right now. Our study provides some hope that these creatures are resilient, but much more work is needed to translate our findings into a larger scale. The reasons for their resilience are also widely unknown.”
8. Which has a bad effect on the marine life in Florida Keys
A. Wildfire. B. Farming. C. Fishing. D. Flood.
9. What did Grun think of the findings
A. Indifferent. B. Important. C. Subjective. D. Outdated
10. What was a challenge for the research according to Grun
A. The aims. B. The members C. The cost D. The usage
11. What does Grun tell us in the last paragraph
A. It’s necessary to do further research.
B. It’s right to keep going the present way.
C. The reasons for sea urchins’ resilience are well known.
D. Fish are more resilient than other marine species.
D
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem It’s possible that we all don’t have enough conversational ability. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s embarrassing and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s a valuable social practice that leads to big benefits.
It is easy to consider small talk as unimportant, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist (存在) if there weren’t casual conversations. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The secret to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, professor of psychology at UBC, invited people to a coffee shop. One group was asked to interact with its waiter, the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported obviously higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network is important for our happiness and health.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of belonging, a link with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.
12. What does the underline word “casual” in paragraph 3mean
A. Addictive B. Public C. Personal D. Informal
13. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci
A. Showing good manners. B. Making business deals.
C. Focusing on a topic. D. Keeping in contact with other people.
14. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk
A. It raises people’s confidence. B. It makes people feel good.
C. It improves family relationships. D. It matters as much as a formal talk.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk
C. Importance of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some Winter Activities
Winter activities are underestimated (低估). The days may be shorter, but the list of fun activities isn’t. Don’t let the winter blues take over. ____16____
Finding your favourite. ____17____ Nobody likes cardio (有氧运动) for a long time, but signing up for an adult sports team, or taking a yoga class on the weekend can be a fun way to break up the boredom of going to the gym. Recreational (娱乐的) sports are also a great way to meet new people.
Walking on snow. ____18____ Walking with snowshoes is friendly to beginners, and suitable for kids and seniors alike. You can buy a set for under $100 or rent some for the afternoon. Take a friend or walk alone to enjoy the peacefulness of the outdoors in winter.
Skiing. Those that love it really love it. Hitting the ski hills is an old wintertime tradition. It gets you outside, boosts your mood, and serves as a core workout. You don’t need the latest gear (设备) to be able to have fun. ____19____ If you’re feeling tired of too much indoor time, get your heart pumping at a nearby ski hill.
____20____ Taking an online class, or picking up an instrument for the first time, can be incredibly rewarding. Expanding your professional skill can do wonders for your future job prospects. It may take a little planning, but consider learning something new this season.
A. Go to the gym.
B. Learning something.
C. Most ski fields rent gear too.
D. Be active and try these winter activities.
E. The following are things you can do at home.
F. You needn’t be an athlete to enjoy this seasonal activity.
G. The key to keeping healthy is finding what you enjoy doing.
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the second year of my high school, I went abroad to continue my education. Shortly after I settled down with my host family, an Italian girl ____21____ too. Since the house had limited space, we ____22____ together. My negative view on roommates started from that moment. My roommate liked to invite friends over and hold parties, but I preferred ____23____ home by myself. Then ____24____ started to appear, and I told myself that I never wanted a roommate again.
Unfortunately, life quickly ____25____ me when I went to college. It required all first-year students to live on ____26____, which meant I had to live with someone I didn’t know. From that point on, I began to ____27____. When I talked to my future roommate Lily for the very first time, I tried my best to smile and nod to hide my nervousness. When she invited me to have lunch, I was completely ____28____. I told myself that I should step out of my comfort ____29____, even though I could clearly hear my heart beating through my chest. I considered it for a long time, and finally, I accepted her _____30_____.
After we _____31_____ together for a few weeks, I got to know Lily already owned a small business selling snacks, while I kept _____32_____ to set goals. One night, she asked me what I wanted to do for my career. I looked into her eyes for a long time, and then said, “I don’t know.” “Don’t worry! We will work together, and I’ll help you _____33_____ what you are passionate about,” she said in a gentle voice. Under her _____34_____, I found my interest and knew what I wanted to be after graduation. Thanks to her, I felt having a roommate could be so _____35_____.
21. A. ran away B. sped up C. set off D. moved in
22. A. lay B. cooked C. roomed D. studied
23. A. coming B. staying C. leaving D. returning
24. A. results B. changes C. conflicts D. signs
25 A. challenged B. embraced C. ignored D. woke
26. A. street B. campus C. land D. stage
27. A. worry B. expect C. cry D. understand
28. A. confused B. disappointed C. interested D. frightened
29. A. bed B. room C. chair D. zone
30. A. suggestion B. invitation C. apology D. present
31. A. worked B. gathered C. united D. lived
32. A. waiting B. planning C. struggling D. wanting
33. A. enjoy B. find C. address D. solve
34. A. influence B. control C. leadership D. protection
35. A. successful B. secure C. inspiring D. stressful
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From October 4 to October 6 the National English Speaking Competition ____36____ (hold) in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. A total of one million people of different ages, from kindergarten kids to young professionals, took part in this year’s event.
During the three-day event, young ____37____ (compete) expressed themselves by delivering speeches about ____38____ (vary) topics, including History as a Mirror, The Promise of Youth, and The Power of Dreams. In addition ____39____ showing their impressive English ability, they also shared their views on the world as a generation of being open-minded, individualistic, and socially responsible.
When ____40____ competition was first run in 1996, the goal was ____41____ (train) college students to master another language and communicate clearly with foreigners. ____42____, in the past 25 years the event ____43____ (go) far beyond this simple goal. It now plays a role in helping document (记录) the major steps ____44____ the country takes in its development, ____45____ (encourage) young people to share China’s stories and providing a stage for those who will shape the future.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的好友Zoe最近学业压力很大。你看出了她的焦虑，决定写一封信表达自己的关心，并给出几条建议。要点如下：
1．表达关切；
2．给出建议：调整心态；改进方法；劳逸结合等；
3．表达期望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During my school years, I had only close friend. We spent years together, and we were inseparable, in or out of school. But the Greg moved away, and I never thought it would take more than 40 years to bring us together again.
As children, Greg and I dove into everything with passion. At that time, we were pure (纯真的) and kind, full of curiosity and expectation for life. We raced our bikes and illustrated (给书加插图) our own comic books. We even became attracted to the same girl from around the corner, a sixth -grader named Joanne who barely (几乎不) knew we existed.
The last times a Greg was sometime in 1966. It was so short a meeting that I couldn’t recall saying goodbye before he moved. Since then, we lost touch.
But then, a few summers ago, I saw a familiar woman. “Excuse me. Would your name happen to be Joanne ”
“Uh, yes...” She didn’t recognise me until I explained who I was. We hadn’t exchanged more than a few dozen words in our entire lifetime. “Have you stayed in touch with Greg ” she asked. I was surprised she even knew of our friendship.
“No. I haven’t,” I admitted. “I wish I had.”
Back at the office I checked my messages. I received one email, and then read it from start to finish. The email was from Greg.
Greg had tracked me down through social media. He was now married, had two children and had become a musician and entrepreneur (企业家) . We exchanged several emails before connecting by phone. A month later, my wife and I drove to meet Greg and his family in person.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Standing in front of his house, I began to get nervous.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing the photo, Greg handed me a small, old card.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
