Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks. 讲义 人教版八年级英语下册

八下Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
clean it up打扫（或清除）干净 work outside visit sick people help stop hunger
2. cheer them/her/him up (使）变得更高兴；振奋起来 cheer (sb. ) on 为…加油
3. give/hand out分发；散发 give it out give out food at the food bank
4. in an after-school study program to teach kids
5. volunteer v.义务做;自愿做 volunteer to do volunteer at an animal hospital
n.志愿者 try out for a volunteer after-school reading program参加一个课外阅读的志愿者项目 Which volunteer job do you want to do
6. come up with想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等) an idea/a plan/an answer
7. tell sb.about sth.
8. put off doing推迟 put up张贴，搭建，举起 put away收起来 put down 放下
put back 放回原处 put on穿上 put out熄灭
9. sign n.标志；信号 put up signs make some signs to put up around the school
10. notice n.(1)可数名词：通知；通告 (2)不可数名词：注意
make some notices v.注意到；意识到 notice sb.do/doing注意到某人做了/正在做某事
11. give/hand out分发；散发 耗尽，用完 hand them out hand in 上交，交上来
12. call up打电话给（某人）；征召
13.let sb. do sth. Let’s have lunch first.
2d.
14.I ’ m making some plans to work in an old people’s home this summer.
我正在做今年夏天在老人之家的工作计划。work in an old people’s home 15. What did they ask you to help out with 他们让你帮忙做些什么？
ask sb. to help out with
read the newspaper to sb. 给某人读报纸
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
他们告诉了我一些关于过去的事情以及过去是怎样的。
tell me stories about the past
used to曾经……；过去…… didn’t use to do usedn’t to do He used to be thin.
lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的（多指情感上的孤独） feel lonely
a lonely girl live alone adv.独自；单独
We should listen to them and care for them.我们应该倾听他们并且照顾他们。
care for animals照顾；非常喜欢 look after take care of care about在乎，在意
3a.
several give up several hours each week to help others
每个星期放弃几个小时的时间去帮助别人 give up doing
形容词: 几个；数个；一些, 修饰可数名词复数。several times
代词: 几个；数个；一些 Several of us decided to walk home.
want to be an animal doctor想要成为一名兽医
He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.他每个星期六早上在一所动物医院当志愿者。
get one’s future dream job获得未来梦想中的工作
It’ s hard work . 这是很辛苦的工作 hard work work hard
learn more about how to care for animals 了解更多如何照顾动物的方法
strong adj.强烈的；强壮的 get a strong feeling feelings
satisfaction n.满足；满意 dissatisfaction
I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owner’s faces.当我看到动物变好和它们主人脸上的喜悦时心里就会有很强烈的满足感。
拓展：satisfy(v.)使满意
satisfied(adj.)满意的（主语一般是人）be satisfied with/to do
satisfying(adj.) 令人满意的（主语一般是物）
feeling 可数名词：感觉；感触（表示内心或感官的感觉、感触）
She always cares about other people’s feelings.
感情；情感（通常用复数形式）hurt your feelings
the look of joy on their owners’ faces 脸上愉悦的表情 n.髙兴；愉快
to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是
owner n.物主；主人 the owner of… ……的主人 own (v. 拥有)own sth.
of one’s own属于自己的
a book lover 书籍爱好者
She could read by herself at the age of four. 她四岁就能够自己读书了。
Last year she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program .去年，她决定尝试着在一个课外阅读节目中当志愿者。try out参加……选拔；试用
try out for the soccer team参加足球队的选拔
learn to do
in the library
You can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book. 你可以从他们的眼里看出他们正在每本新书中经历不同的旅程。journey n.(尤指长途）旅行；行程
Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. 在这里当志愿者实现了我的梦想。
I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.
我可以做我喜欢做的事，同时帮助别人。
3c.
would like to do
work for an animal
Grammar Focus
ask sb. to do let sb. do
4a.
be busy with/doing
hope to do hope that at least
4b.
be worried about worry about in one’s free time
think about it think about doing for fun
make plans to do one of the countries in Africa
42.raise v.募集；征集 raise/collect money for homeless people
raise your hand举起 raise corn种植 raise a dog饲养
Section B
sb.run out of sth. run out
Jimmy has run out of money.
2. take after(外貌或行为)像 I take after my mother. look like be like be similar to
3.fix v.修理；安装 fix the machine 机器，车辆
fix it up 修理; 装饰 侧重于修理、安装机器等。
broken adj.破损的；残缺的 fix up broken bicycle parts
repair v.修理；修补 侧重于修理构造较为复杂、破损严重的东西，如建筑物、堤坝、汽车等。 repair the radio/chair/house
mend修补衣服上的洞，道路，屋顶
give it away give away 赠送; 捐赠 give away sth. to sb.
I gave away my bike to a children’s home.
wheel n. 车轮; 轮子 Jimmy fixes up broken bicycle parts, like wheels.
letter n. 信; 函 write a letter to sb.＝write sb. a letter=write to sb. 给某人写信receive/get a letter from sb. Who wrote the letter to Miss Li n.女士；小姐
Miss一般用在未婚女子的姓氏或姓名前，以示礼貌。也可用于学生称呼女老师
would like to do sth. thank sb. For doing... give sth. to... set up建立; 设立
disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的 help disabled people
the disabled 意为“残疾人”，表示一类人，是复数概念。
I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.
我肯定你知道这个组织是设立来帮助像我一样的残疾人的。
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有”幸运儿”。
make it possible for sb. to do sth.
make a big difference to... 对...影响; 有作用
blind adj. 瞎的; 失明的 其主语是人，不是眼睛。be blind in both eyes
the blind意为“盲人”，表示一类人，是复数概念。
deaf be deaf adj.聋的 The old man is deaf in the left ear.
imagine v.想象；设想 imagine doing image you can’t walk easily
difficulty n.困难；难题 difficult adj.困难的
①用作不可数名词，意为困难、艰难have difficulty with sth./(in) doing sth.
=have trouble/problems (in) doing
②用作可数名词，表示具体的困难，意为难事、难点、困境、难处。
This book is full of difficulties. Many people have these difficulties.
Normal things like answering the telephone,opening and closing doors or carrying things are difficult for me.
一些像接电话，开门关门或者扛东西之类的普通的事情，对我来说很困难。
open v.开；打开 反义词 close 关；关闭
adj.开着的；营业。其反义词是closed 关闭的；停止营业
door n. 门 close doors
carry v. 拿; 提; 扛 过去式：carried
carry things The bag is too heavy to carry.
carry 拿；提；扛。具有负重的含义，没有方向性。
take 拿走；取走。指把人或物从说话人处带到别处。
bring 取来；带来。指把人或物从别处带到说话人处。
get 去取来。指到某地去把人或物拿来或带来。是双向动作。
A friend of mine helped me out.
train v.训练；培训 a special trained dog 可数名词：火车
training n.训练；培训 不可数名词 six months of training
excited adj.激动的;兴奋的 be excited about… 对……感到兴奋
I was excited about the idea of having a dog.
be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋
We are excited about the exciting news.
bring sb. home a good name for sb. feel lucky to do sth.
luck n. luckily adv.
kindness n. 仁慈; 善良because of your kindness Thank you for your kindness.
because of because illness happiness sadness
clever adj. 聪明的; 聪颖的
understand v.(understood ) 理解; 领会
Lucky is very clever and understands many English words.
give him orders at once a fantastic dog a photo of...
change v.& n.变化；改变 change one’s life Thank you again for changing my life.
change...into... （把……）变成…… change one’s mind
n. Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years.
26. interest n. 兴趣; 关注 take an interest in v. 使感兴趣; 使关注 interest sb.
3b. When are you free to do the job
be strong in
I want to help out as a volunteer in your old people’s home.
He put up some signs asking for old bikes.
a call-in center for parents
The idea that he came up with worked out fine.
He now has 16 bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes.
拓展：
up
clean up清扫 cheer up 振奋 set up设立 fix up 安装 give up放弃
put up 张贴，举起，搭建 dress up 乔装打扮 grow up长大 get up 起床
pick up 捡起，采摘 wake up 醒来，叫醒 cut up 切碎 turn up 调大
take up占据；从事 call up 号召，召集 use up 用光 hurry up 快点
make up 化妆，编造 show up 出现，露面 send up 发射
come up with... 提出...... catch up with... 赶上...... end up with... 以.....而结束
away
right away 立刻 give away 捐赠 run away 逃跑 take away 拿走 put away收起
give out 分发 hand out 分发 hand in 上交
help sb. out 帮助某人 try out for参加.....选拔；试用 sth. run out 某物用完
off
put off 推迟 take off 起飞，脱下 get off 下车 cut off 切除
turn off关闭 fall off 落下，从某物上掉下 go off 发出响声 show off炫耀
used to do sth. 过去常常(现在不了) be used to doing 习惯于...... be used to do 被用来.....