2024年人教版中考英语必考 -- 介词用法（含答案）

2024年中考英语必考 -- 介词用法
一、常用介词
at：
用法：表示在某个特定的时间点或地点。
举例：I will meet you at the park at three o'clock. （我将在三点钟在公园见你。）
in：
用法：表示在某个时间段内或在某个空间内。
举例：She will arrive in Beijing in a week. （她将在一周后到达北京。）
on：
用法：表示在某一天或某一天的某个时间点上，也用于表示某物位于另一物的表面。
举例：We celebrate our national day on October 1st. （我们在十月一日庆祝国庆节。）
又如：The book is on the table. （书在桌子上。）
by：
用法：表示通过某种方式或手段，或者表示在某个时间之前。
举例：I usually go to work by bus. （我通常乘公交车去上班。）
又如：The project will be finished by the end of this month. （这个项目将在本月底完成。）
for：
用法：表示目的、原因或受益者。
举例：I bought a gift for my friend. （我为我的朋友买了一份礼物。）
又如：She studies hard for her future. （她为了她的未来而努力学习。）
over：
用法：表示在某物的上方或超过某个时间或数量。
举例：The plane flew over the city. （飞机飞过了城市。）
又如：She has been working here for over ten years. （她在这里工作已经超过十年了。）
with：
用法：表示伴随或具有某种特征或工具。
举例：I like to read books with a cup of coffee. （我喜欢边喝咖啡边看书。）
常考介词归纳
（2023年湖南长沙中考真题）Do you know World Letter Writing Day It falls ____36____ September 1st every year.
解析：“September 1st every year”明确表示了每年的9月1日，我们需要填入一个表示时间关系的介词。由于这里描述的是节日落在某个具体日期，所以应该使用表示“在……时候”的介词。表示某事件发生在某个具体日期时，常用的介词是“on”。
（2022年湖南长沙中考真题）The couple will live _44__ this house for six months, with a monthly pay of 800 euros(欧元).
解析：由于这里描述的是居住在某处，并且给出了居住的时间长度（六个月），因此我们需要一个表示居住地点的介词。在英语中，表示在某地居住常用的介词是“in”。
（2021年湖南长沙中考真题）Then, 64 everyone’s surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal.
解析：“to everyone’s surprise”是一个介词短语，表示“出乎每个人的意料”。它在这里作为状语，用来描述接下来发生的事件是出乎意料的。
三、易混淆介词用法区分
at, in, on：
at 通常用于表示某个具体的时间点或地点。例如：
I will meet you at the station at 8 o'clock. （我将在八点钟在车站见你。）
in 用于表示某个时间段内或在某个封闭的空间内。例如：
She will arrive in Beijing in a week. （她将在一周后到达北京。）
I am in the room studying. （我在房间里学习。）
on 用于表示在某一天或某一天的某个时间点，或某物位于另一物的表面。例如：
We celebrate our national day on October 1st. （我们在十月一日庆祝国庆节。）
The book is on the table. （书在桌子上。）
across, through：
across 表示从一边到另一边，通常用于平面或表面的穿越。例如：
You need to walk across the bridge to get to the other side. （你需要走过这座桥才能到达另一边。）
through 则表示从内部穿过，通常用于空间或物体的内部穿越。例如：
The train will go through the tunnel. （火车将穿过隧道。）
by, near：
by 通常表示在某物的旁边或附近，强调紧挨着的关系。例如：
The school is by the river. （学校紧挨着河流。）
near 也表示在某物的附近，但不如 by 那么紧挨。例如：
The park is near my house. （公园离我家很近。）
to, towards：
to 表示方向或目的地，通常用于指示运动的目的地。例如：
I am going to the market. （我要去市场。）
towards 则表示朝向某个方向或目标，强调方向性但不一定到达。例如：
She walked towards the exit. （她朝出口走去。）
among 和 between：
among 用于表示三个或更多对象之间的关系或位置。例如：She divided the candies among her three children. （她把糖果分给了她的三个孩子。）
between 则用于表示两个对象之间的关系或位置。例如：The agreement was made between the two countries. （这个协议是由这两个国家达成的。）
from 和 of：
from 通常用于表示来源或起点。例如：I received a letter from my friend. （我收到了朋友的来信。）
of 则用于表示所属关系或描述性质。例如：The door of the room is open. （房间的门开着。）
In front of 和 In the front of：
In front of 表示在某物的前面，并且不与该物接触。例如：There is a tree in front of the house. （房子前面有一棵树。）
In the front of 则表示在某物的内部前部。例如：The driver sat in the front of the bus. （司机坐在公共汽车的前部。）
For 和 Since：
这两个介词都可用于表示一段时间，但用法有所不同。
For 后接时间段，表示某个动作或状态持续的时间。例如：I have lived here for five years. （我在这里住了五年。）
Since 则后接时间点，表示从某个时间开始到现在。例如：I have been working here since 2010. （我从2010年开始在这里工作。）
In 和 Into：
In 通常用于表示某个位置或状态。例如：She is sitting in the room. （她坐在房间里。）
Into 则更侧重于表示移动或进入某个位置的动作。例如：She walked into the room. （她走进房间。）
By 和 Near：
By 通常用于表示紧挨着或紧靠着某物或某地的位置。例如：The school is by the river. （学校紧挨着河流。）
Near 则表示在某物或某地附近，但不一定紧挨着。例如：The park is near my house. （公园离我家很近。）
Past 和 Through：
Past 主要用于表示从某物的一侧经过或超过。例如：The car drove past the house. （汽车驶过了房子。）
Through 则强调从内部或中间穿过某物或某地。例如：We walked through the forest. （我们穿过了森林。）
Up 和 On：
Up 通常用于表示向上移动或到达较高的位置。例如：She looked up at the sky. （她抬头看天空。）
On 则用于表示某物位于另一物的上方，并有接触。例如：The book is on the table. （书在桌子上。）
During 和 For：
During 用于表示某个时间段内发生的动作或事件。例如：I studied during the summer. （我在夏天学习。）
For 则可以用于表示一段时间的长度或某动作持续的时间。例如：I studied for two hours. （我学习了两个小时。）
四、完形填空练习
（一）
On a hot summer day, we decided to go for a picnic _______ the river. We arrived early in the morning and found a perfect spot _______ the shade of a large tree. After setting up our things, we started to prepare the food. My friend brought some fresh fruit, _______ I had brought some sandwiches. We ate our meal, chatting and laughing, _______ the sound of the running water.
Later, we decided to go for a swim _______ the river. However, we soon realized that it was too dangerous to swim _______ that part of the river. So we changed our plans and decided to walk _______ the river instead. We walked for about an hour, enjoying the scenic views _______ both sides of the river.
Finally, we sat down on a rock and looked back at our journey. It had been a wonderful day, full of fun and adventure. We were glad that we had chosen to spend the day _______ the river.
介词选项：by, under, while, near, on, in, along, across
答案及解析：
by：表示“在……旁边”，符合“在河边野餐”的语境。
under：表示“在……下面”，符合“在大树的树荫下”的描述。
while：这里用作并列连词，表示“而”，连接两个并列的句子。
to：虽然没有给出这个选项，但“listen to”是固定搭配，表示“听”。此处应填入“to”，表示“听着流水的声音”。
in：用于表示在液体中，符合“在河里游泳”的语境。
in：同样表示在某个范围或区域内，但在这里含有危险或不宜进入的意味，因此也适用。
along：表示“沿着”，符合“沿着河边走”的描述。
on：表示在……之上或……的表面上，这里指河的两岸。
by：表示“在……旁边”，与第一句相呼应，表示“在河边度过了一天”。
（二）
Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Alice. She lived in a small town _______ the countryside. Every day, she would walk _______ the fields, enjoying the beauty of nature. One day, she followed a rabbit that suddenly disappeared _______ a hole in the ground. Curious, she decided to explore the hole and found herself falling down a deep, dark rabbit hole.
After falling for a long time, she finally landed _______ a strange place. Everything was so big and strange that she felt very small and _______ place. She walked around, trying to find her way back home. Along the way, she met many interesting characters, including a talking caterpillar and a mad hatter. They all seemed to be as _______ as she was.
Finally, she found a way to escape from this weird place and returned to her own world. The experience was both frightening and exciting, but she was glad to be back home _______ her family and friends.
填空选项：in；through；into；on；out of；lost；confused；with
（三）
Jack was a hardworking man. He worked _______ a construction site every day, building houses and bridges. He loved his job because it allowed him to use his skills and creativity. However, the work was physically demanding, and he often felt tired and _______ after a long day.
_______ one hot summer day, Jack felt even more exhausted than usual. As he was walking home, he saw an old lady sitting on the side of the road, looking very _______. He immediately went over to ask if she needed help. The old lady explained that she had been walking for hours and was now feeling hungry and thirsty.
Without hesitation, Jack took the old lady to a nearby restaurant and bought her a meal. As they were eating, they struck up a conversation and found that they had a lot in common. The old lady thanked Jack for his kindness and said that he had made a big difference in her day.
That evening, as Jack lay in bed, he realized that helping others could be just as rewarding as his job. From then on, he made it a habit to help people _______ need, no matter how tired he felt.
填空选项：on；worn out；On；helpless；in