2024年人教版中考英语现在分词详解与练习（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024年人教版中考英语现在分词详解与练习（含答案） |
|
|
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 20.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教新目标(Go for it)版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-28 00:00:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中考英语现在分词详解与练习
一．中考英语现在分词详解以及练习
1）.现在分词由动词的-ing形式构成，它主要有两种形式：
一般形式：直接加-ing，例如：read → reading（读）
完成形式：having done，表示动作在某一时间之前已经完成，例如：having finished（已完成）
2）.现在分词在句子中的功能
作定语：修饰名词或代词，说明其正在进行的动作或状态。
例句：The running boy is my brother.（正在跑步的男孩是我弟弟。）
作状语：表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
例句：Walking in the street, I saw him.（当我在街上走时，我看到了他。）
作补语：常用于感官动词和使役动词之后，补充说明主语的状态。
例句：I heard someone singing in the next room.（我听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌。）
作主语或宾语：现在分词短语或句子可以作主语或宾语，表示一个完整的动作或状态。
例句：Reading books is a good habit.（读书是个好习惯。）
现在分词的被动形式与完成形式
被动形式：being done，表示正在进行的被动动作。
例句：The window is being repaired.（窗户正在修理中。）
完成形式的被动形式：having been done，表示某一时间之前已完成的被动动作。
例句：Having been told many times, he finally understood.（被告知多次后，他终于明白了。）
中考英语中，现在分词是一个重要的语法点，涉及规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。以下是关于中考常用现在分词规则和不规则变化的总结：
3）.规则变化
1. 一般情况下，在动词词尾直接加-ing
例如：go → going（去）；play → playing（玩）；know → knowing（知道）
2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去e再加-ing
例如：make → making（制作）；arrive → arriving（到达）；come → coming（来）
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing
例如：run → running（跑）；stop → stopping（停止）；prefer → preferring（更喜欢）
4. 以-ie结尾的动词，先将-ie改成y，再加-ing
例如：tie → tying（系）；die → dying（死）；lie → lying（躺）
4）不规则变化
不规则变化的现在分词通常遵循特定的模式或变化规则，这些规则通常与动词的原始形式或发音有关。以下是一些常见的不规则变化的例子：
be：is/am → being（是）
begin：begin → beginning（开始）
build：build → building（建筑）
buy：buy → buying（买）
come：come → coming（来）
do：do → doing（做）
drink：drink → drinking（喝）
drive：drive → driving（驾车）
eat：eat → eating（吃）
feel：feel → feeling（感觉）
find：find → finding（找寻）
fly：fly → flying（飞）
二．练习
1）单项选择题
1.I am _______ a book in the library.
A. reading B. read C. to read D. reads
2.Look! The boy is _______ a kite in the park.
A. fly B. flies C. flying D. flew
3.She _______ TV every evening.
A. watch B. watches C. is watching D. watched
4.While my mother _______ TV, I was doing my homework.
A. watches B. watched C. is watching D. was watching
5.The students are busy _______ for the exam.
A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. prepared
2）用所给动词的正确形式填空
Listen! The baby _______ (cry) in the next room.
My mother _______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now.
We _______ (have) an English class at this time yesterday.
When I got home, my sister _______ (watch) a cartoon on TV.
They _______ (not play) football at that time. They _______ (talk) under the tree.
3）将下列句子改写成含有现在分词的句子
1.He opened the door and came into the room.
→ Opening the door, he came into the room.
2.The girl finished her homework and then went to bed.
→ __________________________________________
3.After he had a shower, he felt much better.
→ ________________________________________
4）语法填空
Once, while I ____(walk) through the park, I saw a group of children ____(play) football. They seemed very happy, ____(laugh) and shouting with excitement. I stopped to watch them for a while, enjoying the sight of their youthful energy.As I stood there, a young boy caught my attention. He was ____(run) towards the ball, his eyes ____(focus) on the target. With a powerful kick, he scored a goal, which made his teammates cheer loudly.I was impressed by his skill and determination. It was obvious that he had been ____(practice) hard to achieve such a level of proficiency. His dedication reminded me of the importance of perseverance in achieving our goals.After the game, I went over to congratulate the boy. He smiled shyly and thanked me for my kind words. We ____(chat) for a few minutes, and I could sense his enthusiasm for the sport.
That day, I learned an important lesson from a young football player. It is never too late to start ____(pursue) our passions, and with hard work and dedication, we can achieve our dreams.
答案及解析：
was walking：句子中提到“Once, while I ____ through the park”，这里表示“当我在公园散步时”，所以应该使用过去进行时态，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。
playing：see sb. doing sth. 表示看到某人正在做某事，所以这里用现在分词playing表示孩子们正在踢足球。
laughing：现在分词作伴随状语，描述孩子们在踢足球时的状态，即笑着和喊着。
running：句子中提到“He was ____ towards the ball”，表示“他朝球跑去”，所以应该用现在分词running表示正在进行的动作。
focused：his eyes与focus之间是被动关系，表示眼睛聚焦于目标，所以使用过去分词focused作定语。
been practicing：had been doing sth. 表示过去某段时间一直在做某事，这里表示他一直在努力练习，以达到如此熟练的水平。
chatted：and连接的前后两个动词形式应该一致，前面用了went，表示过去发生的事情，所以后面也应该用过去式chatted。
pursuing：start doing sth. 表示开始做某事，所以这里用动名词pursuing表示开始追求自己的激情。
一．中考英语现在分词详解以及练习
1）.现在分词由动词的-ing形式构成，它主要有两种形式：
一般形式：直接加-ing，例如：read → reading（读）
完成形式：having done，表示动作在某一时间之前已经完成，例如：having finished（已完成）
2）.现在分词在句子中的功能
作定语：修饰名词或代词，说明其正在进行的动作或状态。
例句：The running boy is my brother.（正在跑步的男孩是我弟弟。）
作状语：表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
例句：Walking in the street, I saw him.（当我在街上走时，我看到了他。）
作补语：常用于感官动词和使役动词之后，补充说明主语的状态。
例句：I heard someone singing in the next room.（我听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌。）
作主语或宾语：现在分词短语或句子可以作主语或宾语，表示一个完整的动作或状态。
例句：Reading books is a good habit.（读书是个好习惯。）
现在分词的被动形式与完成形式
被动形式：being done，表示正在进行的被动动作。
例句：The window is being repaired.（窗户正在修理中。）
完成形式的被动形式：having been done，表示某一时间之前已完成的被动动作。
例句：Having been told many times, he finally understood.（被告知多次后，他终于明白了。）
中考英语中，现在分词是一个重要的语法点，涉及规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。以下是关于中考常用现在分词规则和不规则变化的总结：
3）.规则变化
1. 一般情况下，在动词词尾直接加-ing
例如：go → going（去）；play → playing（玩）；know → knowing（知道）
2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去e再加-ing
例如：make → making（制作）；arrive → arriving（到达）；come → coming（来）
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing
例如：run → running（跑）；stop → stopping（停止）；prefer → preferring（更喜欢）
4. 以-ie结尾的动词，先将-ie改成y，再加-ing
例如：tie → tying（系）；die → dying（死）；lie → lying（躺）
4）不规则变化
不规则变化的现在分词通常遵循特定的模式或变化规则，这些规则通常与动词的原始形式或发音有关。以下是一些常见的不规则变化的例子：
be：is/am → being（是）
begin：begin → beginning（开始）
build：build → building（建筑）
buy：buy → buying（买）
come：come → coming（来）
do：do → doing（做）
drink：drink → drinking（喝）
drive：drive → driving（驾车）
eat：eat → eating（吃）
feel：feel → feeling（感觉）
find：find → finding（找寻）
fly：fly → flying（飞）
二．练习
1）单项选择题
1.I am _______ a book in the library.
A. reading B. read C. to read D. reads
2.Look! The boy is _______ a kite in the park.
A. fly B. flies C. flying D. flew
3.She _______ TV every evening.
A. watch B. watches C. is watching D. watched
4.While my mother _______ TV, I was doing my homework.
A. watches B. watched C. is watching D. was watching
5.The students are busy _______ for the exam.
A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. prepared
2）用所给动词的正确形式填空
Listen! The baby _______ (cry) in the next room.
My mother _______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now.
We _______ (have) an English class at this time yesterday.
When I got home, my sister _______ (watch) a cartoon on TV.
They _______ (not play) football at that time. They _______ (talk) under the tree.
3）将下列句子改写成含有现在分词的句子
1.He opened the door and came into the room.
→ Opening the door, he came into the room.
2.The girl finished her homework and then went to bed.
→ __________________________________________
3.After he had a shower, he felt much better.
→ ________________________________________
4）语法填空
Once, while I ____(walk) through the park, I saw a group of children ____(play) football. They seemed very happy, ____(laugh) and shouting with excitement. I stopped to watch them for a while, enjoying the sight of their youthful energy.As I stood there, a young boy caught my attention. He was ____(run) towards the ball, his eyes ____(focus) on the target. With a powerful kick, he scored a goal, which made his teammates cheer loudly.I was impressed by his skill and determination. It was obvious that he had been ____(practice) hard to achieve such a level of proficiency. His dedication reminded me of the importance of perseverance in achieving our goals.After the game, I went over to congratulate the boy. He smiled shyly and thanked me for my kind words. We ____(chat) for a few minutes, and I could sense his enthusiasm for the sport.
That day, I learned an important lesson from a young football player. It is never too late to start ____(pursue) our passions, and with hard work and dedication, we can achieve our dreams.
答案及解析：
was walking：句子中提到“Once, while I ____ through the park”，这里表示“当我在公园散步时”，所以应该使用过去进行时态，表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。
playing：see sb. doing sth. 表示看到某人正在做某事，所以这里用现在分词playing表示孩子们正在踢足球。
laughing：现在分词作伴随状语，描述孩子们在踢足球时的状态，即笑着和喊着。
running：句子中提到“He was ____ towards the ball”，表示“他朝球跑去”，所以应该用现在分词running表示正在进行的动作。
focused：his eyes与focus之间是被动关系，表示眼睛聚焦于目标，所以使用过去分词focused作定语。
been practicing：had been doing sth. 表示过去某段时间一直在做某事，这里表示他一直在努力练习，以达到如此熟练的水平。
chatted：and连接的前后两个动词形式应该一致，前面用了went，表示过去发生的事情，所以后面也应该用过去式chatted。
pursuing：start doing sth. 表示开始做某事，所以这里用动名词pursuing表示开始追求自己的激情。