代词判断和虚词特殊情况
(
一
前句名词指代
)
1. 指代前句同一个或同一些物品,使用 it/they(宾格 it/them)
2. 指代前句中同一类的可数名词,使用 one/ones(复数)
3. 指代前句中同一类的不可数名词或者特指名词时,只用 that/those(复数)
难点:此时考生要注意区分 that/one:简而言之,one(ones )只能指代泛指的可数名词单(复),表示“ 同
类不同个”。而 that 指代不可数名词或者特指的单数名词,复数形式为 those。
请看典型示例: The weather in Xi’an is better than in Beijing. 解析:由于此句只有一个谓语,所以排除连词;而 than 作为介词,后面缺少宾语,所以使用代词来补充宾 语。又因为,根据句意是指代“the weather”,两地天气不同,不是同一个,且 weather 为不可数名词,所以 此题只能填“that”。
(
提升训练
)
1 .Next time you rely on any of these inventions, be grateful and think about the science and imagination that have
gone into them and how much have changed our everyday life.
2 .He has two sons, and both of are college students.
3 .By doing this, they hope to make people forget that someone is trying to sell something.
4 .The difference between a man who succeeds and who does not lies only in the way each treats
opportunities.
5 .They live in a small house, and in front of stands an orange tree.
6 .—Brenda bought a Huawei P60 cellphone last week.
—Oh, really How I wish I could get as well!
7.It was surprising that in some regions of America the money spent on educating a black child was just one fourth
of spent on a white child.
8 .I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from on the Earth—the
low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange.
9 .The classes in the UK are different from in China.
10 .In many ways, the education system in China is different from in western countries.
(
二
形式主语
/
形式宾语
/
固定搭配
1. It’s +adj.+for sb
.
to
do
sth
2. It’s+adj.+of sb to
do sth
3. find/make/consider it+adj.+fo
r sb to do
sth
4. It is said that/It is reported
that/It is
known that/It
is
believed
that
据说
/
据报道
/
众所周知
/
普遍相信
5. A legend has
it that
传说
6. have it
a
try
试一试
7. make it
成功,做到
8. I will appreciate it if
+
句
子
如果
……
我会感激你
9. rely on it that+
句子
相信,
指望
)
(
提升训练
)
1 .When in college, I found difficult to get along with my roommates.
2 . I feel our responsibility to protect and pass on our outstanding traditional culture.
3 .The Internet has made possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily.
4 .I’d appreciate if could give me a bit of good advice.
5.Emergency and foreign aid was organized, but damaged roads would make difficult to deliver goods
and supplies.
6 .I must make clear that I’ll always support you.
7 . is common knowledge that a thorough declutter (清理) is the best way to instantly refresh your home.
8 . is my belief that music is something that everybody likes and enjoys.
9 .The flight will leave in twenty minutes — we’ll never make .
10 .They consider better to act that way.
(
三
不定代词指代
one……the other……
一个
……
另一个
some……others……
一些
……
另一些
neither……nor……
既不
……
也不
either……or
要么
……
要么
of
us
我们都不(大于等于三者)
neither of
us
我们两个都不
each of us
我们每个都
both of
us
我们两个都
all of us
我们所有人都
)
(
提升训练
)
1 .To warm himself, the sailor sat beside the fire, rubbing one bare foot against the .
2 .She spends the day rushing from one meeting to .
3 .Despite his serious illness, the old man had lost of his enthusiasm for life.
4 . of the three boys are willing to play with me, so I was alone.
5 .—Which one of the two cars is yours
— . Mine is being repaired.
6 .Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be
completed at home, of which will be graded.
7.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be year
before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
8 .In some countries ,people eat with chopsticks ,while in ,knives and forks.
9 .—When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon — . I’ll be in all day.
10 .It’s an either-or situation-we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do
(
四
特殊情况
)
当判断该空并非介冠连代四种情况时,我们的思路此时需要放在副词考察虚词的情况;
1. 如果该空在句首并且逗号隔开,则此空一定考察副词的虚词考点,即衔接副词:however然而/otherwise
否则/therefore=thus因此/furthermore进一步说/besides=moreover除此以外
2. 如果该空在形容词副词前,也要考虑副词的虚词考法,此时修饰形容词或者副词的程度,所以考虑程度
副词:so如此/too太过于……
一般来说,题目中更容易考察 so……that 的用法,表示“如此 …… 以至于” ,与此同时,考生也应注意
“such+n.+that……” 的用法,两者意思相同但用法完全不同, 填 so 或者 such 取决于空后的词性。
3. 考生还需注意, so/neither 引导的倒装句。此空虽高考题几乎未曾出现, 但曾作为难点在各地市模拟题中
浮现身影: so+助动词+主语,表示“某人也是” 。neither+助动词+主语,表示“某人也不”。
(
提升训练
)
1.Bingley was clearly most interested in Jane Bennet,and started talking particularly to her.Darcy , ,was
just determining not to look at Elizabeth ,when he suddenly noticed the stranger.
2 .A pear is sweet, juicy and cold, moistening (湿润) the lungs to arrest a cough. , pears are highly
recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
3 .Mary offered the money to me. I couldn’t have afforded the ticket.
4 .I am too busy to go for a walk; , it is too late.
5 .Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, , can completely avoid
waste in our lives.
6 .There is little water in the glass that I can’t drink any more.
7 .A student can’t read many books. The more, the better.
8 .When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was nervous to say a word .
9 .-I went to visit the Great Wall yesterday afternoon.
-Oh ,did you? did I.
10 .As media channels have grown in number and type, so advertisements.
(
综合训练
)
1 . is not uncommon for teenagers to be lost in computer games.
2 .The weather in Guangzhou is winter is much more comfortable than in Beijing.
3 .I would appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether you will come or not.
4 .People have made a custom to dress up and parade in the street since then.
5 .You may rely on that it won’t happen again.
6 .All young footballers have the dream of making to the top.
7 .Unfortunately, your parents do not always agree and makes you feel unhappy.
8 .All of us find meaningful to be volunteers.
9 .I find hard to concentrate on my studies with some people having small talks around me.
10 . is obvious that our earth is suffering serious damage because of improper human activities.
11 .Life in senior secondary school is very different from in junior secondary school.
12 . impressed me that he was able to behave himself in a completely strange environment.
13 .Is this museum the they visited last month
14 .To my disappointment, of the details she told us was exact.
15 .There are some tall trees on side of the street. So you will feel cool.
16 .Within industries, companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than of
other companies.
17 .Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite .
18 .She once lived in London and Manchester, but she liked and moved to Cambridge.
19 .Niki is always full of ideas, but is useful.
20 .—How about the price of these refrigerators
—They’re equal in price to, if not cheaper than, the at the other stores.
21 .This school is one of the top schools in our city, equipped with modern teaching equipment.
22 .Smith has two strategies, of which seems to have worked very well.(用适当的词填空)
23 .People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to who had
none.
24 .Cheap as the cars on show are, I really can’t afford .
25 .Some high schools in the UK will remove analog clocks(石英钟) exam halls and us digital
instead.
26 .We owe to ourselves to explain how it all happened.
27 . is assumed that the couple will get married one day.
28 .In many ways, the education system in China is different from in the UK.
29 .Scientists think cats’ genetic makeup is the same as of human beings.
30 .Salaries are higher here than in my country.代词判断和虚词特殊情况
(
一
前句名词指代
)
1. 指代前句同一个或同一些物品,使用 it/they(宾格 it/them)
2. 指代前句中同一类的可数名词,使用 one/ones(复数)
3. 指代前句中同一类的不可数名词或者特指名词时,只用 that/those(复数)
难点:此时考生要注意区分 that/one:简而言之,one(ones )只能指代泛指的可数名词单(复),表示“ 同
类不同个”。而 that 指代不可数名词或者特指的单数名词,复数形式为 those。
请看典型示例: The weather in Xi’an is better than in Beijing. 解析:由于此句只有一个谓语,所以排除连词;而 than 作为介词,后面缺少宾语,所以使用代词来补充宾 语。又因为,根据句意是指代“the weather”,两地天气不同,不是同一个,且 weather 为不可数名词,所以 此题只能填“that”。
(
提升训练
)
1 .Next time you rely on any of these inventions, be grateful and think about the science and imagination that have
gone into them and how much have changed our everyday life.
(
【答案】
they
【详解】考查代词。句意:下次当你依赖这些发明时,请心怀感激,想
想其中蕴含的科学和想象力,想想
它们对我们的日常生活有多大的改变。设空处为主语,指代上文的
these
inventions
,应用
they
,故填
they
。
)
2 .He has two sons, and both of are college students.
(
【答案】
them
【详解】考查并列句。句意:他有两个儿子,都是大学生。由句意及空前
and both of
可知此处
为两个简单
句的并列,所以此处应填人称代词的宾格形式
them
,
both of
them
为第二个并列句的主语,
them
指代
two
)
(
sons
。故填
them
。
)
3 .By doing this, they hope to make people forget that someone is trying to sell something.
(
【答案】
them
【详解】考查代词。句意:通过这样做,他们希望让人们忘记有人在试图向他们出售东西。设空
处为
sell
的
宾语,指代上文的
people
,应用
them
,
sell sb sth
为双宾语结构,意为
“
卖给某人某物
”
,故填
them
。
)
4 .The difference between a man who succeeds and who does not lies only in the way each treats
opportunities.
(
【答案】
one
【详解】考查代词。句意:
一个成功的人和
一个不成功的人之间的区别只在于他们对待机会的方式。空处
泛指前面的
a man
,用代词
one
代指。故填
one
。
)
5 .They live in a small house, and in front of stands an orange tree.
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查代词。句意:他们住在一所小房子里,房子前面有一棵橘子树。句中
and
连
接两个并列分句,
空处指代前面分句中的
a small hou
se
,应用代词宾格
it
,作
in front of
的宾语。故填
it
。
)
6 .—Brenda bought a Huawei P60 cellphone last week.
—Oh, really How I wish I could get as well!
(
【答案】
one
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:
——Brenda
上周买了一个华为
P60
智能手机
。
——
噢,真的吗?我多么希
望我也能买一个。
one
与
that
虽可用来指代同一类名词,但
one
为泛指,相当于
a/an+
名词;
that
为特指,相
当于
the+
名词。此处应是代替
a Huawei P60 cellphone
,为泛指,故填
on
e
。
)
7.It was surprising that in some regions of America the money spent on educating a black child was just one fourth
of spent on a white child.
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:令人惊讶的是,在美国的一些地区,花在教育黑人孩子上的钱只是花在
白人孩
子上的四分之一。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,
空处代替前面提到的
the money
,为避免重复,
所以用代
词
that
,故填
that
。
)
8 .I bet you’d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from on the Earth—the
low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange.
(
【答案】
that
)
(
【详解】考查代词。句意:我敢打赌,你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的,以及它与地球上的 生活有什么不同
——
低重力肯定会让普通的事情变得奇怪。分析句子结构,此处
应为代词作宾语,结合句
意可知,此处指的是
“
地球上的生活
”
,为同名异物的指代,且为特指,符合指示代词
that
的用法,故填
that
。
)
9 .The classes in the UK are different from in China.
(
【答案】
those
【详解】考查代词。句意:英国的课程和中国的不一样。此处特指前面讲到过的事物
classes
,
应用
those
。
故填
those
。
)
10.In many ways, the education system in China is different from in western countries.(用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:中国的教育体制在很多方面都不同于西方国家的教
育体制。分析句子结构可知,
此处应为代词作介词
from
的宾语,根据句意可知,
此处
应用
that
指代前面已经提到过的单数名词
the education
system
。故填
that
。
)
(
二
形式主语
/
形式宾语
/
固定搭配
1. It’s +adj.+for sb
.
to
do
sth
2. It’s+adj.+of sb to
do sth
3. find/make/consider it+adj.+fo
r sb to do
sth
4. It is said that/It is reported
that/It is
known that/It
is
believed
that
据说
/
据报道
/
众所周知
/
普遍相信
5. A legend has
it that
传说
6. have it
a
try
试一试
7. make it
成功,做到
8. I will appreciate it if
+
句
子
如果
……
我会感激你
9. rely on it that+
句子
相信,
指望
)
(
提升训练
)
1 .When in college, I found difficult to get along with my roommates.
(
【答案】
it
)
(
and
supplies.
)
【详解】考查代词。句意:上大学时,我发现很难与室友相处。分析句子,设空处使用代词作宾语,此处 构成 find it+形容词+to do 的结构,该结构中 it 为形式宾语,真正的宾语是to do,意为“发现去做某事 … …”。 故填 it。
2 . I feel our responsibility to protect and pass on our outstanding traditional culture.
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查
it
作形式宾语。句意:我觉得保护和传承我们
优秀的传统文化是我们的责任。此处为
feel it+
名词
+
不定式短语,
it
作形式宾语,不定式为真正宾语。故填
it
。
)
3 .The Internet has made possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily.
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意:互联网使朋友和家人保持联系变得容易。设空处在句
中充当形式宾语,真
正的宾语为
“to keep in touch easily.(
容易地保持联系
)”
,设空处应用
it
作形式宾语。故填
it
。
)
(
4
.
I’d appreciate
if
could give me a
bit
of
good
advice.
【答案】
it
【详解】考查代词。句意:如果你能给我一些好的建议,我会很感激的。分析句子结构可知,空前是动词,
所以空处应该名词或者代词作宾语,根据后
文
“if
could give me a bit of
good advice.”
可知,当后面有
if
从句
时,
appreciate
后面常常用
it
作宾语。故填
it
。
)
5.Emergency and foreign aid was organized, but damaged roads would make difficult to deliver goods
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查
it
作形式宾语。句意:已经组织了紧急援助和
外国援助,但道路受损将使货物和供应品难以
运送。
make it+
形容词
+to do...
为固定句型,
表示
“
使做某事变得
……”
,
it
是形式宾语,
真
正的宾语是动词不
定式。故填
it
。
)
6 .I must make clear that I’ll always support you.
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查代词。句意: 我必须说清楚,
我将永远
支持你。分析句子,句中
make it clear that
为固定句型,
该结构中
it
为形式宾语,真正的宾语为
that
引导的
从句。故填
it
。
)
7 . is common knowledge that a thorough declutter (清理) is the best way to instantly refresh your home.
(
【答案】
It
)
(
【详解】考查
it
用法。句意:众所周知,彻底的整理是让你的家焕
然一新的最好方法。根据句意分析句子
可知,空格处应该填入
it
作形式主语,代替后面
that
引导的主语
从句。故填
It
。
)
8 . is my belief that music is something that everybody likes and enjoys.
(
【答案】
It
【详解】考查
it
用法。句意:我相信音乐是每个人都喜欢和欣赏的东西。此处为句型
it be+n.+that
从句,
it
作形式主语,
that
从句为真正主语,首字母大写。故填
It
。
)
9 .The flight will leave in twenty minutes — we’ll never make .
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:飞机
20
分钟后就要起飞了,我们赶
不上了。分析句子可知,此处为固定短
语
make it“
成功或准时到达
”
,满足句意要求。故填
it
。
)
10 .They consider better to act that way.
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意:他们认为那样行事会更好。分
析句子可知,
to act that way
为
consider
真正
的宾语,空处用形式宾语
it
。故填
it
。
)
(
三
不定代词指代
one……the other……
一个
……
另一个
some……others……
一些
……
另一些
neither……nor……
既不
……
也不
either……or
要么
……
要么
of
us
我们都不(大于等于三者)
neither of
us
我们两个都不
each of us
我们每个都
both of
us
我们两个都
all of us
我们所有人都
)
(
提升训练
)
1 .To warm himself, the sailor sat beside the fire, rubbing one bare foot against the .
(
【答案】
other
)
【详解】考查代词。句意:为了取暖, 那个水手坐在炉火边, 两只光脚互相蹭着。根据“rubbing one bare foot against the”可推知,此处表示“两只光脚互相蹭着” ,即“一只光脚蹭着另一只光脚” ,应用固定表达 the other,
意为“ (两者中的)另一个” ,空处用 other。故填 other 。
2 .She spends the day rushing from one meeting to .
(
【答案】
another
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:她花了一天时间从一个会议匆匆忙忙地去另一个会议。分析句子结构和意
思可知,这里需要不定代词
another
,作宾语。
from one
... to another
...
为常用表达,意为
“
从一
……
到另
一
……”
。故填
another
。
)
3 .Despite his serious illness, the old man had lost of his enthusiasm for life.
(
【答案】
none
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:这位老人尽管病得很重,但他对生活的热情丝毫未减。
根据句意可知,此
处为不定代词
none“
全无;没有一点儿
”
后接
of
介词,构成
none of“
没有
一点儿
……”
,满足句意要求。故填
none
。
)
4 . of the three boys are willing to play with me, so I was alone.
(
【答案】
None
【详解】考查代词。句意:三个男孩都不愿意和我玩,所以我是一个人。此处指三者或三者以上都不,应
用
none of
,句首单词首字母要大写。故填
None
。
)
5 .—Which one of the two cars is yours
— . Mine is being repaired.
(
【答案】
Neither
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:
——
这两辆车哪一辆是你的?
——
都不是。我的正在修理。根据后面的
Mine
is being repaired.
可知
,这两辆车都不是我的,表示两者都不,用
neither
,设空处位于句首,需首字母大写。
故填
Neither
。
)
6 .Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be
completed at home, of which will be graded.
(
【答案】
both
【详解】考查代词。句意:此外,我会不时地安排小组作业在课堂上完成,或在家
里完成短期作业,这两
项作业都将评分。分析句子,
设空处指代的前文
“
在课堂上
”
和
“
在家里
”
两种情况,
故用代词
both
,与后文的
of
which
作定语从句的主语。故填
both
。
)
7.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be year
before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
(
【答案】
another
【详解】考查代词。句意:在人类中,婴儿从一岁左右开始就能把一个圆形放进一个圆洞里,但他们还需
要再过一年才能对不那么对称的形状做同样的事情。表示
“
再,又一
”
,后跟单数名词,应
用不定代词
another
。故填
another
。
)
8 .In some countries ,people eat with chopsticks ,while in ,knives and forks.
(
【答案】
others
【详解】考查代词。句意:在一些国家里,人们用筷子吃饭
,而在
,人们用刀叉吃饭。
others“
其他
的
”
,表示泛指。根据句中的关键词
some countries(
一些国家
)
可知, 空格处表示
“
其他的国家
”
。故
填
others
。
)
9 .—When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon — . I’ll be in all day.
(
【答案】
Either
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:
——
我什么时候打电话,上午还是下午?
——
随便什么时候都可以,我一
整天都在。由
“I’ll be in all day”
可知,上午或下
午打电话都可以,表示两个时间
“
任何一个
”
都行,用
either
,
位于句首,首字母大写,故填
Either
。
)
10 .It’s an either-or situation-we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do
(
【答案】
both
【详解】考查代词。句意:我们今年可以买一辆新车,也可以去度假,但不能两者兼而有之。
both
和
not
连
用表示部分否定,此处意为
“
不能两者都
...”
。故填
both
。
四
特殊情况
)
当判断该空并非介冠连代四种情况时,我们的思路此时需要放在副词考察虚词的情况;
1. 如果该空在句首并且逗号隔开,则此空一定考察副词的虚词考点,即衔接副词:however然而/otherwise
否则/therefore=thus因此/furthermore进一步说/besides=moreover除此以外
2. 如果该空在形容词副词前,也要考虑副词的虚词考法,此时修饰形容词或者副词的程度,所以考虑程度
副词:so如此/too太过于……
一般来说,题目中更容易考察 so……that 的用法,表示“如此 …… 以至于” ,与此同时,考生也应注意
“such+n.+that……” 的用法,两者意思相同但用法完全不同, 填 so 或者 such 取决于空后的词性。
3. 考生还需注意, so/neither 引导的倒装句。此空虽高考题几乎未曾出现, 但曾作为难点在各地市模拟题中
浮现身影: so+助动词+主语,表示“某人也是” 。neither+助动词+主语,表示“某人也不”。
(
提升训练
)
1.Bingley was clearly most interested in Jane Bennet,and started talking particularly to her.Darcy , ,was
just determining not to look at Elizabeth ,when he suddenly noticed the stranger.
(
【答案】
however
【详解】考查副词。句意:彬格莱显然对简
·
班纳特很感兴趣,并开始特意和她说话。然而,达西正打算不
看伊丽莎白,就在这时,他突然注意到了那个陌生人。根据句意,前面两个人的互
动,而后面达西不打算
看伊丽莎白了,却注意到了陌生人。空后有逗号,连接副词
however
表示
“
然而
”
,符合语境。故填
however
。
)
2 .A pear is sweet, juicy and cold, moistening (湿润) the lungs to arrest a cough. , pears are highly
recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
(
【答案】
Therefore/Thus
【详解】考查副词。句意:梨味甜,多汁,寒凉,润肺止咳。因此,在
惊蛰时,强烈推荐吃梨。根据前后
句之间的关系可知,这里为因果关系,根据逗号可知,这里用连接
副词
therefore
或
thus
。句首单词首字母
要大写。故填
Therefore/Thus
。
)
3 .Mary offered the money to me. I couldn’t have afforded the ticket.
(
【答案】
Otherwise
【详解】考察连接副词。句意:玛丽把钱给了我。否则我是买不起票的。根据句意可知此处表
“
否则
”
之意,
应用连接副词
otherwise
,故填
Otherwise
。
)
4 .I am too busy to go for a walk; , it is too late.
(
【答案】
besides /moreover
【详解】考查副词。句意:我太忙了, 不能去散步
;
再说, 现在也太晚了。根
据
“it is too late”
可知此处表示
“
再
说、况且
”
之意,副词
besides
或
moreover
符合题意。故填
besi
des
或
moreover
。
)
5 .Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, , can completely avoid
waste in our lives.
(
【答案】
however
【详解】考查副词。句意:我们中的许多人从小就接受
“
俭
则不匮
”
的教育,然而,没有人能完全避免生活中
的浪费。分析句子可知,上下文之间是转折关系,
前后用逗号隔开,应用副词
however
表示转折。故填
)
(
however
。
)
6 .There is little water in the glass that I can’t drink any more.
(
【答案】
so
【详解】考查副词。句意:杯子里的水是如此之少,以至于我不能再喝了。
结合语意可知,句子使用固定
结构
so...that...
,表示
“
如此
……
,以至于
……”
,所以空处应用程度副词
so
作状语, 修饰形容词
little
。故填
so
。
)
7 .A student can’t read many books. The more, the better.
(
【答案】
too
【详解】考查固定用法。句意:
一个学生读再多的书也不过分。越多越好。由
“The m
ore, the better”
可知,
空格处所在句子表示
“
一个学生读再多的书也不过分
”
,
can’t
和
too
连用表示
“
再
……
都不过分
”
,故填
too
。
)
8 .When it was my turn to express my opinion, I was nervous to say a word .
(
【答案】
too
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:轮到我发表意见时,我太紧张了以至于说不
出话来。
too…to..
为固定短语,
意为
“
太
……
以至于不能
……”
。故填
too
。
)
9 .-I went to visit the Great Wall yesterday afternoon.
-Oh ,did you? did I.
(
【答案】
So
【详解】考查固定结构。句意:
——
昨天下午我去参观了长城。
—
哦,是吗?我也去了。此处是
“so+be
动
词
/
助动词
/
情态动词
+
另一主语
”
结构,表示前句所述的肯定情况也适用于另外一个人或物,其
中的
so
作
“
也,
同样
”
讲。故填
So
。
)
10 .As media channels have grown in number and type, so advertisements.
(
【答案】
have
【详解】考查倒装。句意:随着媒体渠道在数量和类型上的增长,广告也在增长。当
so
位于句首时,表示
“
也
”
,可将其后与前面重复的谓语部分置于主语之前,
构成部分倒装。结合上文
As media channels have grown
in number and type
可知为现在完成时,应用助动词
have
。故填
have
。
)
(
综合训练
)
1 . is not uncommon for teenagers to be lost in computer games. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
It
【详解】考查固定句型和代词。句意:青少年沉迷于电脑游戏并不罕见。
I
t be+adj.+to do...
是固定句型,意
为
“(
做
)……
是
……
的
”
,其中
it
作形式主语,不定式是真正的主语;
It is not uncommon to do...“……
并不罕
见
”
。故填
It
。
)
2 .The weather in Guangzhou is winter is much more comfortable than in Beijing. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:广州冬天的天气比北京舒服多了。句子为比较句型,
than
后面的比较对象为
the
weather in Beijing
,空处替代不可数名词
the weather
,应用代词
that
。故填
that
。
)
3.I would appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether you will come or not. (用适当的词填
空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查代词。句意:如果你能提前通知我你是否来, 我将不胜感激。此处为固定句型
“I would appreciate
it if...”
,
appreciate
后不能直接跟
句子,需加上
it
作形式宾语,故填
it
。
)
4 .People have made a custom to dress up and parade in the street since then. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查
it
用法。句意:从那时起,人们就有了打扮起来上街游行的习俗。此处为
make it+
名词
+
不定
式,
it
作形式宾语,不定式为真正宾语。故填
it
。
【点睛】
)
5 .You may rely on that it won’t happen again. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查
it
用法。句意:
你要相信那样的事不会再发生了。
rely on it that...
相信
/
指望
……
,固定用法,
it
为
形式宾语,代替
that
引导的宾语从句,故填
it
。
)
6 .All young footballers have the dream of making to the top. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查代词。句意:所有年轻的足球运动员都有登上顶峰
的梦想。
make it to the top
意为
“
成功登上顶
峰
”
,为固定搭配,所以此处应用代词
it
。故填
it
。
)
7 .Unfortunately, your parents do not always agree and makes you feel unhappy. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:不幸的是,你的父母
并不总是同意,这让你感到不快乐。空格处作主语,应用
)
(
指示代词
that
指代前面提到的事情
your parents do not al
ways agree
,在并列句中作主语。故填
that
。
)
8 .All of us find meaningful to be volunteers. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查
it
做形式宾语。句意:我们都觉得做志愿者很有意义。设空处为形式宾语,
真正的宾语为
to be
volunteers(
做志愿者
)
,故填
it
。
)
9.I find hard to concentrate on my studies with some people having small talks around me.(用适当的词填
空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查代词。句意:我发现很难集中精力学习,因为一些人在我周围闲聊。
find
it hard to do sth.
是固
定短语,意为
“
发现很难做某事
”
,其中
it
是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式,故填
it
。
)
10 . is obvious that our earth is suffering serious damage because of improper (不恰当的) human
activities. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
It
【详解】考查代词。句意:很明显,我们的地球正在因为不适当的人类活动而遭受
严重的破坏。分析句子
结构可知,此处是固定搭配:
It is obvious that
意为
“
很明显
”
,
it
作形式主语,真正的主语是
that
引导的主语
从句。故填
It
。
)
11.Life in senior secondary school is very different from in junior secondary school. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:高中生活与初中生活有很大的不同。分析句子结构可
知,空格处应填代词,代
指上文中提到的
“life”
,根据语法规则,
that
作代词时,可以代指上文提到的同名不同物的
不可数名词或单
数名词,表示特指,所以应填
that
。故填
that
。
)
12 . impressed me that he was able to behave himself in a completely strange environment.(用适当的
词填空)
(
【答案】
It
【详解】考查
it
作形式主语。句意:他能够在一个完全陌生的环境中守规矩,这给我留下了深刻的印象。
分析句子结构可知,
that
引导从句作真正的主语,句首应用
it
作形式主语,首字
母大写。故填
It
。
)
13 .Is this museum the they visited last month
(
【答案】
one
【详解】考查代词。句意:这是他们上个月参观的博物馆吗?此句转换成陈述句应为:
This museum is the
)
(
they visited last month.
由此可知,定语从句的引导词在从句中作
visited
的宾语,故已省略,其前
缺少先行词,且空前有
the
,所以这里可用代词
one
,
the one
特指前面提到的
This museum
。故填
one
。
)
14 .To my disappointment, of the details she told us was exact. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
none
【详解】考查代词。句意:令我失望的是,她告诉我们的所有细节都不准确。设空处
为主语,根据句意可
知是没有一个,应用代词
none
,故填
none
。
)
15 .There are some tall trees on side of the street. So you will feel cool. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
either
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:在街道两边有一些高大树木。所以你会觉得很凉爽。根据常识可知,街道
有两个边,且
side
为单数形式,应用
either
修饰
,意为
“
两者中的任意一个
”
。故填
either
。
)
16 .Within industries, companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than of
other companies. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
those
【详解】考查代词。句意:在行业内,公司总是试图开发比其他公司更好一步的产品。
those
代替前面提到
的同类异物中特指的事物,分析句子可知,此处为代词
those
代替前面的复数名词
products
。故答案为
those
。
)
17 .Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite .(用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
another
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:建一所新学校是一回事,而让它平稳运行又是另一回事。不定代词
another
三者或三者以上的另一个。由前面的
“is one thing”
可知,句子表示
“
建一所新学校是一回事,而让它平稳运
行又是另一回事
”
,空格处意为
“
另一个
”
,根据句意, 此处是三者或三者以上的另一个。
故答案为
another
。
)
18.She once lived in London and Manchester, but she liked and moved to Cambridge. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
neither
【详解】考查代词。句意:她曾经住在伦敦和曼彻斯特,但她对这两个地方都不喜欢,于是搬到了剑桥。
neither
表示
“
两个都不
”
。故填
neither
。
)
19 .Niki is always full of ideas, but is useful. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
none
【详解】考查不定代词。句意:
Niki
总是充满想法,但没有一个有用。根据
“but”
可知,此处语义有
转折,
前面说总是充满想法,
后面应该是说(这些想法) 没有一个有用, 空处应用
不定代词
none
,作主语, 意为
“
没
)
(
有一个
”
。故填
none
。
)
20 .—How about the price of these refrigerators
—They’re equal in price to, if not cheaper than, the at the other stores. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
ones
【详解】考查代词。句意:
——
这些冰箱的价格是多少
——
它们的价格和其他商
店的一样, 如果不是更便
宜的话。这里用代词指代对话中的
“They”
,即
“refrigerators”
,因为是复数,
所以代词也相应需要使用复数形
式。故填
ones
。
)
21 .This school is one of the top schools in our city, equipped with modern teaching equipment. (用适当的
词填空)
(
【答案】
one
【详解】考查代词。句意:这所学校是我市最好的学校之一,学校配备了
现代化的教学设备。指代
This
school
,用代词
one
可以代替前面刚提到过的同一类人或物。根据句意,故填
one
。
)
22 .Smith has two strategies, of which seems to have worked very well.(用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
neither
【详解】考查代词。句意:史密斯有两种策略,但似乎都不太奏效。根据
句意和空格前的
two
可知,空格
处应该填入一个代词,且意义为
“
两者都不
”
。故填
neither
。
)
23 .People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to who had
none. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
those
【详解】考查代词。句意:那些还有电的人会向那些没有电的
人敞开家门。根据下文的
“who had none”
可知,
指的是没有电的那些人,用代词
those
。故填
those
。
)
24 .Cheap as the cars on show are, I really can’t afford . (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
one
【详解】考查代词。句意:虽然展出的汽车很便宜,但我真的买不起。设空处在句
中作宾语,应填代词或
名词;结合句意可知,此处泛指一辆在展出的汽车,应用
one
。故填
one
。
)
25 .Some high schools in the UK will remove analog clocks(石英钟) exam halls and us digital
instead. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
from
ones
【详解】考查介词和代词。句意:英国的一些高中将从考场撤掉模拟时钟,而改用数字时钟。第一空
)
(
remove...from...
为固定短语,
意为
“
从
……
除去
……”
;第
二空代指
“clocks”
,表示泛指,
需用代词
ones
。故填
①
from
②
ones
。
)
26 .We owe to ourselves to explain how it all happened. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
it
【详解】考查
it
的用法。句意
:
我们认为有必要解释一下事情的经过。此处应用
it
作形式宾语,动词不定式
作真正的宾语。故填
it
。
)
27 . is assumed that the couple will get married one day. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
It
【详解】考查代词。句意:人们认为这对情侣总有一天会结婚的。
it
is assumed that
为固定句型,意为
“
人们
认为
”
,
it
作形式主语,
that
引导的从句为真正的主语。同时该空置于句首,开头单词
首字母大写。故填
It
。
)
28 .In many ways, the education system in China is different from in the UK. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:在许多方面,中国的教育体系与英国的(的教育体系)不同
。此处指英国的教
育体系,与前面提到的中国的教育体系为同类事物,上文中的
system
是单数,应用
that
,特指上文中提到
的
the education system
。故填
that
。
)
29 .Scientists think cats’ genetic makeup is the same as of human beings. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
that
【详解】考查代词。句意:科学家认为猫的基因组成和人类一样。代指前面
genetic makeup
,表示与其同类,
后常有后置定语应用
that
。故填
that
。
)
30 .Salaries are higher here than in my country. (用适当的词填空)
(
【答案】
those
【详解】考查代词。句意:这儿的工资要比我们国家的工资高。空格处指代前面的复数名词
salaries
,用
those
指我们国家的薪水,故填
those
。
)