Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?（Section A Grammar focus)

课件72张PPT。Unit 5
What are the shirts made of?Section A Grammar FocusReviewTranslate the phrases.be made of
be made in
be widely known for
on the side of mountains
by hand
It seems that …
all over the world
be good for由 ... 制成
在…制造/生产
因为…众所周知
在山坡
用手
似乎..., 看来好像 ...
全世界
有益于…Free TalkIf you take a trip abroad, what would you do?visit scenic spotstaste fine foodchat with local peoplebuy special productadj. 当地的；本地的n. 产品；制品learn a little local languageFree TalkIf you go to Switzerland, what would you buy?Free TalkIf you go to France, what would you buy?Grammar FocusIs it made of silver?
It was made in Thailand.
What is the model plane made of?
Where is tea produced in China?
How is it grown?
It is planted on the side of mountains.
They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.Passive Voice 在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是“助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动 完全一样。一般现在时的被动语态1.一般现在时被动语态的各种句式结构助记：被动不离“be” “p.p.”, “p.p.”前面助动be。
主谓一致莫忘记，am, is, are现在时。2.一般现在时被动语态的基本用法3.主动语态变为被动语态的方法第一步:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；
第二步:将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去
分词”结构；
第三步:将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在
谓语之后(有时可省略)。
如图示：They (主语）grow (谓语）tea (宾语）in the south-east of China.
被动语态:主动语态:Tea (主语）is grown (谓语）by them in the south-east of China.People play football all over the world.
2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.
3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully. Football is played all over the world by people.A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully. 把下列的主动句变为被动句。4a Complete the sentences with the correct
forms of the verbs in brackets.Children under 18 ______________ (not allow)
to watch this show without their parents.
2.We ________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
3.A: What language ________ (speak) in Germany?
B: Most people speak German, but many can
speak English, too.
4.Most of the earth’s surface _________ (cover) by water.
5.The classroom ___________ (clean) by the
students every day.are not allowedare paidis spokenis coveredis cleaned4b Rewrite the sentences using the passive
voice.Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains.
The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.
2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses.
_________________________________________
________________
3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
________________________________________
_________The best materials are used to make dresses
by this shop. Many traffic accidents are caused by Careless driving.4. The postman brings letters and postcards to
people’s homes.
______________________________________
_____________________
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very
often.
_______________________________________
___________________________Letters and postcards are brought to people’s
home by the postman.This silver plate is not used very often by our
family.4c Ask five classmates about something they are wearing or have in their schoolbags. The list of words below may help you.pencil, jacket, sweater, T-shirt, shoes,
cap, gloves, ring...A: What’s your pencil made of?
B: It’s made of wood.
A: Where was it made?
B: It was made in Shanghai.ExplanationWhat language is spoken in Germany?
在德国人们说什么语言？
Germany名词，意为“德国”，是国家名称。 German是其形容词形式，意为“德国的”;还 可作名词，意为“德语;德国人”。
? The weather in Germany is quite different.
德国的天气截然不同。
? A German speaks German.德国人说德语。 词尾为-man表示某国人的单词的复数形式一般是把-man变为-men.
? an Englishman —— two Englishmen
? a Frenchman —— two Frenchmen
但是, German “德国人”的复数形式则是直接加-s。
? a German —— two Germans2.Most of the earth’s surface is covered by water.
地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。
surface (the outside or top part of something)
名词，意为“表面;表层”。
?The bowl has a shiny surface.
这个碗表面光亮。
surface (the outer appearance of person, thing or situation.) 作名词，还可表示“外表；外观”
? Her gentleness is only on the surface.
她只是外表温和而已。3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
粗心驾驶导致很多交通事故。
traffic名词，意为“交通;路上行驶的车辆”，
指的是路上来往的车辆和行人，是不可数名词。
? There is heavy traffic during the rush hours.
上下班时间交通很繁松。
? There is little traffic on this road.
这条路上行驶的车辆很少。4. cap 帽子
(a type of soft flat hat with a hard curved
part at the front which is called a peak)
名词，意为“(尤指有帽舌的)帽子”。
? John took Tom’s cap just now.
刚才约翰拿走了汤姆的帽子。
? I’ll buy a beautiful hat for my mother and a
cool baseball cap for my father.
我将给妈 妈买一顶漂亮的帽子，给爸爸买一
顶酷酷的棒球帽。cap与hat助记：1. It is said that two ______ and three _____ are
going to visit our school next week.
A. German; Japanese B. Germany; Japan
C. Germanys; Japans D. Germans; Japanese
2. Driving after drinking wine ______ in China.
A. allows B. doesn’t allow
C. is allowed D. isn’t allowedDDI. 单项选择。3. — Excuse me, haven’t you learned the new
_____ law? Everyone in a car must wear
the seat belt.
— Sorry, we won’t do that again.
A. food B. traffic
C. medicine D. education
4. If more trees ____, our city will be more
and more beautiful.
A. plant B. planted
C. are planted C. were plantedBCII.句型转换。I wash dishes every day. (改为被动语态)
______ ____ _______ ___ ____ every day.
2. Most of the farm work is done by machine
in China today.(改为一般疑问句)
___ _____ ___ ___ _____ _____ ____ ___
________ in China today?
3. The jacket is made of cotton. (改为否定句)
The jacket _____ ______ ____ cotton.Dishes are washed by meIs most of the farm work done by machineisn’t made of4. French and English are spoken in Canada.
(对画线部分提问)
______ _________ ____ _______ in Canada?
5. He takes good care of the child.(改为被动语态)
____________________________________What language are spokenThe child is taken good care of by him.【2013江苏常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主语是非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数; sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。中考链接【2013河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
— Sorry. The book you ask for______ out.
A. is selling B. is sold
C. was selling D. will be sold
【解析】主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选B。【2013广西南宁】 Han Han’s books are popular. They _______ by many teenagers.
A. is read B. was read
C. are read D. were read
【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案选C项。【2013湖北宜昌】 — At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
— More chances _______ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered
C. have offered D. are offering
【解析】句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选B。【2013湖北襄阳】— Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?
— Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _______ here.
A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowed
C. won't allow D. doesn't allow
【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。【2013广东梅州】The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken
C. take D. takes
【解析】主语the child与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。【2013浙江宁波】 — Have you finished your project?
— Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes.
A. give B. am given
C. will give D. will be given
【解析】句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成它”，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。【2013湖北黄石】This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt
B. are made from; is felt
C. are made of; feels
D. is made by; feels
【解析】句意: “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服”, 主语this pair of shoes不能执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态, 且主语为第三人称单数形式, 用is made by的被动结构; feel为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选D。被动语态 (Passive Voice)结构: be + V-p.p.am / are / is + 动词的过去分词一般现在时的被动语态结构:
Many people speak English. 主动句与被动句之间的转换English is spoken by many people.主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语4. Most of the earth’s surface __________ (cover) by water.
5. The classroom ___________ (clean) by the students every day. is covered is cleaned1) Sunglasses __________ (use) for protecting people’s eyes.
2) A picture _________ (put) up on the blackboard.
3) French ___________ (speak) in France. are usedis putis spoken用所给动词的正确形式填空。4) Which language _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world?
5) The students _____ often _____ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop.isspokenaretold are sold主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格
形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。A: What’s your … made of?
B: It’s made of …
A: Where was it made?
B: It was made in …jacketsweaterT-shirtshoescapglovesringPeople play football all over the world.
2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.
3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully. Football is played all over the world by people.A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully. 把下列的主动句变为被动句。1. Tea is grown in South China.（改为主动语态）
People _______ _________ in South China.
2. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)
Metal ________ _________ ______ making machines.growtea按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 isusedfor3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改为被动句)
Silk _________ _________ in Suzhou.
4. We call maths the language of science. (改为被动句)
　Maths _________ _________ the language of science.isproducediscalled1. Cotton ______ in the southeast of China.
　　A. is grown B. are grown
C. grows D. grow
2. The Great Wall ______ all over the world.
　　A. knows B. knew
C. is known D. was knownA选择正确答案。 C3. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar.
　　A. is serving 　　 B. is served　　
C. serves　　 D. served
4. — Do you often clean your classroom?
— Yes. Our classroom _______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans
C. is cleaned D. is cleaning BC被动语态的几种句型1. 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.2. 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…)3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? A sweet song isn’t sung by her on the stage.Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)?Where is a sweet song sung by her? Do you water your flowers every day?(变为被动句)
Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑问句)
Are your flowers watered by you every day?Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？按要求改写下列句子。3. This English song is sung by the girls after class.
① 改为否定句
②改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答
③对划线部分提问This English song is not sung by the girls after class.Is this English song sung by the girls after class?Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.When is this English song sung by the girls?被动语态的运用:
（1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没
有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。
The house is quite old. It was built in 1950.
这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。
When will the road be opened to traffic?
这条路什么时候通车?（2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。?
Calculator can't be used in the math exam.
计算器不能用于数学考试。
?He was awarded first prize in that contest.
他在比赛中得了第一。 有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者,这时也常用被动语态。
The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.
新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。
You are requested to give a performance.
请你给我们表演一个节目。（3） 主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
含有双宾语，即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式，但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack tells us the truth.
　We are told the truth by Jack.
　The truth is told (to) us by Jack. He gives me the football. (改成被动语态)
I _____ ______ the football by him.
The football ______ ______ ______ me by him.amgivenisgivento 动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1). 系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有： be动词, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等
It smells terrible.
2).下列动词(词组)没有被动式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take
An accident happened yesterday. 注 意3). 不及物动词sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book sells well.
这本书畅销。
The kind of cloth washes well.
这种布很容易洗。 4). 在英语口语中，有时可用“get+过去分词”构成被动语态。如：
I got dressed as quickly as l could.
我尽快穿上衣服。
这样结构比较常见的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。 Pair WorkA: Where are …?
B: They are … in … grow in Brazilgrow in Colombiagrow in Chinagrow in CanadaA: Where is / are …?
B: It is / They are … in … followed by interviewed by【2013江苏常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主语是非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数; sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。中考链接【2013河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
— Sorry. The book you ask for______ out.
A. is selling B. is sold
C. was selling D. will be sold
【解析】主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选B。【2013广西南宁】 Han Han’s books are popular. They _______ by many teenagers.
A. is read B. was read
C. are read D. were read
【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案选C项。【2013湖北宜昌】 — At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
— More chances _______ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered
C. have offered D. are offering
【解析】句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选B。【2013湖北襄阳】— Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?
— Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _______ here.
A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowed
C. won't allow D. doesn't allow
【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。【2013广东梅州】The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken
C. take D. takes
【解析】主语the child与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。【2013浙江宁波】 — Have you finished your project?
— Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes.
A. give B. am given
C. will give D. will be given
【解析】句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成它”，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。【2013湖北黄石】This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt
B. are made from; is felt
C. are made of; feels
D. is made by; feels
【解析】句意: “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服”, 主语this pair of shoes不能执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态, 且主语为第三人称单数形式, 用is made by的被动结构; feel为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选D。【2014昆明】— _______?free?breakfasts?
_______ in?all?schools?in?China?
?— No,?not?yet.?Only?in?the?rural?areas.?
A.?Are;?made??? B.?Do;?serve???
C.?Are;?served?? D.?Do;?make
【2014重庆市】Keep?quiet,?please!?Talking
?_______?during?the?meeting.
?A.?is?not?allowed????? B.?is?allowed?????
C.?doesn’t?allow???? D.?allows?C A【2014南昌】?Many?students?______?chances
to?show?themselves?in?class?because?the?class?
size?is?too?big.
???A.?don’t?give????? B.?aren’t?given???
?C.?haven’t?given???? D.?won’t?give
【2014河北】The?pet?dog?is?warm?and loving.
?It?______?as?a?daughter?of?my?family.
?? A.?treats??????? B.?treated????????
C.?is?treated????? D.?was?treatedBC