2024年中考英语总复习新题型-语法填空题做题技巧+专题训练2（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
语法填空做题技巧+专题训练2
未给单词提示题型的技巧
　　此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的。
　　技巧七：固定短语结构
　　根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。
　　例1：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy.
　　从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enj0y oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
　　例2：His boss was____angry as to fire him．
　如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...，所以，so是正解。
　　技巧八：从句引导词
　　从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
　　例1：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
　　审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
　　例2：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．
　　经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who，在定语从句中做主语。
　　技巧九：短语动词结构
　　短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
　　例1：The us consists____fifty states．
　　根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由......组成”，所以答案是of。
　　例2：Mrs Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．
　　生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
　　技巧十：短语介词结构
　　短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
　　例1：Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.
　　此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
　　例2：Just then，he saw a blackboard in_____of him.
　　细心观察，可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in front of，此题得解。
　　技巧十一：连词、关联短语结构
　　常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，not only…but also...等。
例1：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．
　　此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。
　　例2：____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre．
　　横线处的词与后面可以构成both and，故答案为Both。
　　技巧十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词
　　冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等。
　　例1：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
　　例2：Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．
　　Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
　　例3：Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did，he got a lower pay______Zhang Wen.
　　第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义，故答案为than。
　　例4：It was only one day left，_____，his father had no idea to answer him．
　　观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。
　　技巧十三：上下文中出现的相关词
　　这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。
　　答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
　　例：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
　　由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
　　上述十三条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向，能够较大地提高同学们在此题型上的得分率。
3.第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
Du Fu was 56. ________ famous Chinese poet during the Tang Dynasty. He was born 57. ___________ Henan Province. His grandpa was also a great poet. Du Fu spent a lot of time 58. __________ (read) before he was 35 years old. Along with Li Bai, he 59. ________ (call) the greatest Chinese poets. He cared about poor people’s life and often wrote poems about it, so he was 60. _________ (deep) loved by people. His life, like the whole country, was poor because of the Anshi Rebelion (安史之乱) of 755. He and his family wandered everywhere and he died of 61. _________ (ill) and poverty.
He began 62. ___________ (learn) poems at the age of 7. His works had attracted people’s attention since he was 15 years old. It is said that his 63. ________ (work) have a huge influence not only on both Chinese culture 64. ______ Japanese culture, but also on western culture. When President of France visited China, he came to the place where Du Fu once lived. He said, “I love Chinese culture, and I am especially 65. ________ (interest) in Du Fu and his works.” Du Fu has been called the poet-historian by Chinese critics (评论家).
4.第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
How do you feel if mobile phones are not allowed at school In February, 2021, the Ministry of Education announced (宣布) that as a way of protecting students’ eyes, mobile phones couldn’t 56. _______________ (take) into primary and middle schools.
Xu Xiaohe, 57. __________________ 13-year-old student from Zhejiang Province, supports the rule. “In fact, my school has never allowed us 58. ________________ (bring) our mobile phones,” Xu says. “It’s not 59. __________________ (help) for us. Even adults can’t control themselves, let alone kids like us.”
Li Zihan from Beijing, however, thinks 60. _________________ (different). The 13-year-old student says, “Students should be taught self-management skills and learn how to use phones to help with 61. ________________ (they) studies. That might be the best way to deal with technology in modem times.”
For Ge Ziqi, the ban (禁令) has more to do with life outside school. She 62. _______________ (use) a bike-sharing app every day when she travels between her home and school. “63. _______________ I can’t take my phone with me, I will have to buy my own bike,” she says.
Some schools have come up 64. ________________ ideas to solve problems like Ge’s. At Shanghai Shatian School, for example, students are allowed to put their phones in special lockers during 65. __________________ (weekday). Students call them “Phone Farm”.
5.第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
Dormitories (宿舍) are home to boarders. Most of the time, the rooms look boring with only simple furniture. Recently, our school 56. _________________ (hold) a competition to decorate (装饰) our dormitories.
We got a month to decorate our rooms before the final vote (投票). You may think that’s plenty of time, but many students spent weeks just 57. ________________ (think) about the decor and colors. They tried 58. ______________ (find) a style that would make everyone happy. It was really 59. _________________ hard job.
60. _________________ (luck), my roommates are smart. During the first week, everyone bought the things we liked. We placed them on the walls or near our beds. This way, we all get some space just for 61. _______________ (we). In the second week, we decided on a “sky” theme for our room. We bought some “white clouds” made of cotton, some pictures of hot air balloons 62. _______________ many stickers of stars and angels (天使). During the 63. ________________ (three) week, all the decorations we bought arrived and we finished decorating. 64. _______________ the end, our room was named a “Four-Star Dormitory”.
This activity was meaningful. It made our dormitory 65. _______________ (beautiful) and made school life more enjoyable. And best of all, it gave us a chance to show our creativity!
6.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu Chenrui, 29, is a maker of automata (机关人偶) in Chengdu, Sichuan. Thanks 56. ________ him, wood not only comes alive, but it also tells wonderful stories.
Yu 57. ________ (one) learned about automata at a show in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China in Beijing. As an art and design student, he began to learn the craft by 58. ________ (he) in school.
When he finished school in 2016, Yu got a job at 59. ________ advertising company in Beijing. At that time, he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby. But in 2018, Yu quit (辞职) his job and 60. ________ (return) to Chengdu to open his automata workshop. His hobby has become a career.
Yu has made lots of 61. ________ (work) in his workshop. At the 2021 World Wood Day, for example, Yu made Three Inputs of Photosynthesis (光合作用). In this woodwork, a naughty dog pees (小便) under a tree, while the tree is using the water, carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in the air and sunshine to produce food 62. ________ oxygen (氧气).
Yu knows that there are more 63. ________ (create) ideas waiting to be shown. “It feels quite good 64. ________ (pay) attention to automata and I am still searching for myself. Automata interest people of all ages. Adults see them as art, while children see them as toys to play with,” Yu said 65. ________ (happy).
7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
MINNIE MOUSE is one of the world’s 56. ________ (popular) cartoon characters. Now close your eyes and ask 57. ________ (you): What does Minnie look like She often wears a red dress with white polka dots (圆点花纹), doesn’t she Yes! 58. ________ she’ll soon be getting a makeover.
In March 2022, Minnie changed into a blue pantsuit (衣裤套装) with black polka dots. It 59. ________ (design) by Stella McCartney. The British fashion designer gave Minnie a completely new look 60. ________ (celebrate) two special events: International 61. ________ (woman) Day and the 30th anniversary (周年纪念) of Disneyland Paris. Walt Disney created Minnie in 1928. The mouse wore a pantsuit for the 62. ________ (one) time in her long life. McCartney hoped that the new look would make Minnie “a symbol of progress for a new generation”.
Actually, Minnie changed her red dress for 63. ________ short time in 2019. She 64. ________ (wear) pants as a captain. The design was seen 65. ________ an encouragement to young girls: They can work in the maritime industry (航海业), too. However, public opinion has been mixed about McCartney’s design. Do you like Minnie’s new look
8.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Junk food is any unhealthy food that is high in fat, sugar and calories, 56. ________ low in nutritional value (营养价值), such as French fries, burgers, chips and colas. Such foods are often tasty, quick and convenient.
According to the research, 57. ________ (teenager) who often have junk food may have serious metabolic diseases (新陈代谢疾病) in the future. Overweight is one of them. So, 58. ________ (avoid) junk food is a must for them. The research has also found, compared with adults, teenagers today are more likely 59. ________ (eat) junk food. Since lots of parents are busy with work and have no time to cook, teenagers 60. ________ (introduce) to fast food at a young age, which makes it difficult for them to realize the importance 61. ________ eating food for nourishment (营养). Besides, the Internet has given them plenty of information, making it a lot 62. ________ (easy) for them to live a not-so-healthy life. Everything is available so easily online, 63. ________ (especial) ordering junk food. Once teenagers get the delicious taste of junk food, they are likely to keep having it more often than home-made dishes.
How should we keep teenagers away from junk food It all starts with parents. They should create an environment that aids (帮助) in protecting their children’s health and also need to instill (灌输) into them the right eating habits. These habits will turn into 64. ________ healthy lifestyle, which in turn 65. ________ (help) them in the long run in being better adults and practicing a healthy lifestyle.
参考答案
3. 56．a 57．in 58．reading 59．is called 60．deeply
61．illness 62．to learn 63．works 64．and 65．interested
4. 56. be taken 57. a 58. to bring 59. helpful 60. differently
61. their 62. uses 63. If 64. with 65. weekdays
5. held 57. thinking 58. to find 59. a 60. Luckily
ourselves 62. and 63. third 64. In 65.more beautiful
56．to 57．first 58．himself 59．an 60．returned
61．works 62．and 63．creative 64．to pay 65．happily
7. 56.most popular 57.yourself 58.But 59.was designed 60.to celebrate
61.Women’s 62.first 63.a 64.wore 65.as
8. but 57.teenagers 58. avoiding 59.to eat 60.are introduced
of 62.easier 63.especially 64.a 65. will help
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