2024届高中英语高考题型每日一练（一）（含解析）

高中英语高考题型每日一练（一）
（时间：35分钟）
一.阅读理解
A
Vernon Jackson works at his barbershop(理发店) in Cincinnati even on his off days. But it’s not because he wants to make as much money as possible—it’s because that’s the day he has set aside to give free haircuts to children with special needs.
He began his Gifted Program haircuts in 2021 after hearing many horror stories that parents were going through with. Barbers had no patience with those children. Studies have shown people typically feel more confident and in control in both social as well as professional settings with good, fresh haircuts. So Jackson resolved to open his shop on his day off only to children with special needs who were looking to get a proper cut.
“I can give them the full attention they need,” Jackson said in the CBS News. He found that at least some of his off-day clients who were sensitive to unfamiliar environments and sounds found the empty shop comforting. His goal is to get the children used to barbershops in general so they can eventually feel comfortable going in for haircuts when there are other customers around.
Instagram users flood Jackson’s account on the platform with encouragement. “I have happy tears,” one user wrote in the comments of a video that Jackson posted showing him lining a Gifted Program boy up for a haircut. “You are truly doing amazing things.”
Friends and supporters sponsor the haircuts through donations to an online GoFundMe campaign, according to what Jackson told CBS. He hopes to eventually raise enough money for the program to be able to travel to other parts of the US to give haircuts to children with special needs there. “It’s really been a beautiful experience,” Jackson said of starting the Gifted Program. “This has allowed me to love it to my fullest capacity and to see what happens when I do.”
1. Why did Jackson decide to start the Gifted Program
A. To make as much money as possible.
B. To show barbers’ patience and sympathy.
C. To help parents with horrible experiences.
D. To reach out to children with special needs.
2. What does Jackson expect of the children through the Gifted Program
A. Love for fresh haircuts. B. Attention to other customers.
C. Healthy adaptation to surroundings. D. Courage to have haircuts alone.
3. What is online users’ attitude to the Gifted Program
A. Objective. B. Concerned. C. Favorable. D. Confused.
4. What can we learn about Jackson from the last paragraph
A. He donates to an online organization.
B. He is highly ambitious for his program.
C. He has made a big difference to American kids.
D. He has regained faith in life by giving free haircuts.
B
Winter may be seen as the time to fill up with comfort food, but in fact, the sunny summer months are when men eat more calories-unlike women. “The effect may occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone called ghrelin(饥饿激素),” says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University.
Levy and her team noticed the unexpected effect in experiments in mice that investigated mechanisms(机制)behind skin cancer, in which male animals exposed to UV light ate more food. To see if humans do the same, the researchers used existing data on 3,000 people who had filled in dietary questionnaires as part of the government’s regular national health and nutrition survey. Between March and September, men consumed about 17 percent more calories per day than they did during the rest of the year while women’s food intake stayed about the same.
Human appetite is influenced by many systems, but ghrelin seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating. It was thought to be mainly secreted by the stomach when empty. “It tells the brain to eat more,” says Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham.
Further investigation revealed that exposing male mice to UVB radiation raised levels of ghrelin secretion by fat cells in their skin. Boosted levels of ghrelin were also seen in skin samples that were taken from men and exposed to UV light in the lab. Gorvin says the skin hadn’t previously been thought to play a role in appetite. “If it’s real, it’s quite exciting and we should spare no efforts to get to the bottom,” she says.
It is unclear why the effect happens, but it may be an adaptive response to fuel greater physical activity in summer, says Gorvin. “As the largest organ of the body, it makes sense that the skin can sense the environment, sensing that there is UV now, that now is the time to go out.”
5. What can we learn about the effect from paragraph 1
A. Humans tend to eat more food in winter.
B. Our skin contains a hormone that makes us active.
C. Summer sunlight seems to boost men’s calorie intake.
D. Women suffer loss of appetite because of summer heat.
6. What helped the team look into the effect on humans
A. Doing experiments in UV light.
B. Analysing existing data offered.
C. Carrying out dietary questionnaires.
D. Surveying national health condition.
7. What does the underlined word “secreted” mean in paragraph 3
A. Balanced. B. Influenced. C. Raised. D. Produced.
8. What can we learn from Gorvin’s words
A. The skin is a decisive factor in physical activities.
B. Exposure to UV light contributes to calorie burnup.
C. The role of the skin in appetite needs further research.
D. Higher food intake makes men gain weight in summer.
二.七选五
It’s the end of another long day at the office after a poor night’s sleep. As usual, you’re exhausted, yet you want to stop at the gym on the way home to get the exercise you need to stay healthy. ___9___ This is a widespread problem.
To be healthy, the body needs to move through four stages of sleep several times each night. During the first and second stages, the body starts to decrease its rhythms. ___10___ Rapid eye movement sleep, called ram, is the final stage in which we dream. Studies have shown that missing ram sleep may lead to health problems. On the other hand, years of research has found sleep boosts immune functioning.
___11___ Without sleep, your muscles can’t recover from the stress you put them through during workouts. “You have to give them time to recover and grow stronger,” said sleep specialist Dr. Raj Dasgupta. “You’re more likely to suffer an injury when you’re exhausted due to slowed reaction times from your tired brain during the workout.” ___12___ You might find yourself fearing your normal workouts.
Use common sense experts said. If you’re not sleeping well, don’t go for that intense workout. ___13___ If you’re pressed for time, consider fitting in several short bouts of exercise throughout your day. “Everything counts,” Dasgupta said. “Do anything that makes you feel happy and refreshed. This is about hitting the reset button for yourself, not doing some form of exercise because you feel it necessary to.”
A. Walk or do yoga instead.
B. How does sleep affect our brain
C. Should you work out when suffering from sleep loss
D. Poor sleep can affect your motivation to exercise too.
E. It may be unwise to play a sport when you’re very tired.
F. Enough workout can guarantee your good health and happiness.
G. Doing so prepares us for the third stage where the body is restoring itself.
三. 完形填空
Simone is sitting in front of me and crying. She looks away, embarrassed. “Sorry, doctor,” she says, “I shouldn't be ____14____ your time like this." At that moment, though, I can't think of anyone____15____ who is more deserving of my time. Many of my patients are in desperate ____16____ not just because of ill health but because of their ____17____ problems.
As any doctor can tell you, poverty and illnesses are closely____18____. But coming face to face with poverty in the form of Simone is____19____. She experiences poverty on a scale that I cannot comprehend. Each week, ____20____ her rent and electricity are paid,she has just $20 left to live on. From this she has to buy food, clothes,travel and pay all other ____21____
Simone is ____22____ that her daughter will have every opportunity in life and searches charity shops for books for her daughter. Six months ago, ____23____,Simone was involved in a road traffic accident and this seems to have been the final straw. She slid into depression and, although she____24____ to work,began to feel that life was not worth living any more. She went to GP who then ___25___ her to me to see what help I could give. The referral letter from the GP had suggested that I might prescribe a suitable pill, but it is a ____26____ truth that there is no pill that can make Simone's situation better.
But today Simone is siting crying not because of the bad situation.She is crying because she is overwhelmed by a stranger's____27____.One of the administration staff in the outpatient clinic has just won a $20 Marks and Spencer voucher and given it to Simone on a whim so she could ____28____ her daughter, who often plays in the department while her mother sees me.That sudden,impulsive act of kindness and generosity from a stranger has made all the difference to Simone.
14. A. mounting up B. taking up C. summing up D. brightening up
15. A. only B. instead C. rather D. else
16. A. trend B. complaint C. need D. anxiety
17. A. domestic B. financial C. severe D. physical
18. A. examined B. joined C. linked D. restricted
19. A. disturbing B. warning C. fueling D. abusing
20. A. until B. since C. before D. after
21. A. bills B. taxes C. discounts D. sponsors
22. A. opposed B. determined C. committed D. recognized
23. A. afterwards B. therefore C. however D. moreover
24. A. denied B. withdrew C. continued D. stopped
25 A. mentioned B. referred C. distributed D. adjusted
26. A. limited B. sad C. ripe D. global
27. A. disability B. poverty C. kindness D. suggestion
28. A. amuse B. handle C. affect D. treat
四. 语法填空
Located in Guangxi, Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge is a famous and special bridge in China. A wind and rain bridge is a roof-covered bridge equipped with benches and pavilions (亭子)， ___29___ (shape) like palaces. It can shelter people from the wind and rain and allow them ___30___ (meet) and rest.
The Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge, ___31___ design makes it an outstanding example of its type, has three floor levels, ___32___ (contain) five pavilions and a platform at either end. The bridge is supported by stone piers (石墩). It’s over 60 meters long, 3 meters wide and the ___33___ (high) above the river is about 10 meters. The upper structure is carefully designed ___34___ towers standing on each stone pier. It’s made almost ___35__ (entire) of wood and the long and wide roof is covered with beautiful materials.
The bridge, also known as Chengyang Yongji Bridge, ___36___ (construct) by the talented local workmen in the early 1900s to link local villages across the river. The workmen enabled the many wooden pieces to be joined closely together without using nails. And they’d decorated the very. ___37___ (value) bridge with brightly-colored lifelike carvings ___38___ paintings.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解 A
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与社会。主要讲述的是Vernon Jackson为了满足儿童理发的特殊需求，利用假期的时间为儿童理发，并创建了Gifted Program理发项目，这一项目得到了众人的认可，Vernon希望将这一项目推广到美国的其它地方。
1. D推理判断题。从第一段中的“But it’s not because he wants to make as much money as possible—it’s because that’s the day he has set aside to give free haircuts to children with special needs.(但这并不是因为他想赚尽可能多的钱，而是因为他留出了这一天，为有特殊需要的孩子们免费理发。)”以及第二段中的“He began his Gifted Program haircuts in 2021 after hearing many horror stories that parents were going through with. (在听到许多父母经历的恐怖故事后，他于2021年开始了他的Gifted Program理发。)”可知，Vernon抽出时间给那些有特殊需求的孩子免费理发，并在听到很多家长描述的他们多经历的许多关于孩子理发的恐怖故事后，创建了Gifted Program，由此可知，他之所以创建Gifted Program是为了接触那些有特殊需要的孩子。
2.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His goal is to get the children used to barbershops in general so they can eventually feel comfortable going in for haircuts when there are other customers around.(他的目标是让孩子们习惯理发店，这样当周围有其他顾客的时候，他们最终会觉得去理发店理发很舒服。)”可知，他的目标是让孩子们能够适应理发店，以至于他们能在周围有人的时候放心地理发，由此可知，Jackson 想通过Gifted Program，希望孩子们对环境有一个健康的适应。
3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的““I have happy tears,” one user wrote in the comments of a video that Jackson posted showing him lining a Gifted Program boy up for a haircut. “You are truly doing amazing things.”(“我流下了幸福的眼泪，”一名用户在杰克逊发布的一段视频的评论中写道，视频中他让一名天才项目的男孩排队理发。“你真的在做了不起的事情。”)”可知，很多用户发帖子赞扬Gifted Program做了了不起的事情，由此可知，线上的用户对Gifted Program持支持的态度。
4.B推理判断题。根据尾段中的“He hopes to eventually raise enough money for the program to be able to travel to other parts of the US to give haircuts to children with special needs there.(他希望最终能够为该项目筹集到足够的资金，以便能够前往美国其他地区，为那里有特殊需要的儿童理发。)”可知，Jackson希望把该项目推广到美国的其它地方，以便在其它地下也可以给有特殊需求的孩子理发，由此可推断，Jackson对自己的项目雄心勃勃。
B
【导语】【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。主要讲的是阳光明媚的夏天是男人摄入更多卡路里的时候。
5.C细节理解题。根据第一段的“in fact, the sunny summer months are when men eat more calories-unlike women. “The effect may occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone called ghrelin ,” says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University.(事实上，阳光明媚的夏天是男人摄入更多卡路里的时候——不像女人。特拉维夫大学的卡米特·列维说:“这种效果的产生可能是因为阳光使皮肤释放一种刺激食欲的激素——胃饥饿素。”)”可知，夏日的阳光似乎能增加男性的卡路里摄入量。
6.B推理判断题。根据第二段的“To see if humans do the same, the researchers used existing data on 3,000 people who had filled in dietary questionnaires as part of the government’s regular national health and nutrition survey.(为了看看人类是否也会这样做，研究人员使用了3000人的现有数据，这些人填写了饮食调查问卷，这是政府定期进行的全国健康和营养调查的一部分。)”可知，帮助研究小组研究了它对人类的影响的是分析现有数据。
7.D词句猜测题。根据第三段的“ghrelin seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating(胃饥饿素似乎是唯一直接刺激进食的激素)”和“by the stomach when empty(被空的胃)”可知，划线词所在句表示“它被认为主要是胃空时分泌的”，划线词的意思是“产生”，和produced意思相近。
8.C推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is unclear why the effect happens, but it may be an adaptive response to fuel greater physical activity in summer, says Gorvin.(高文说，目前还不清楚这种效应发生的原因，但它可能是一种适应反应，为夏季更多的体育活动提供燃料。)”可知，皮肤对食欲的作用还需要进一步研究。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。文章主要分析了在很累的情况下是否需要坚持锻炼。
9.C很累的时候，你在犹豫是否做一些运动。而根据空后“This is a widespread problem.(这是一个普遍存在的问题)”则可推断出空处为一个问题。选项C“Should you work out when suffering from sleep loss (睡眠不足时应该锻炼吗？)”对空前内容提出心中疑惑，同时与下文内容保持一致。
10.G根据本段首句“To be healthy, the body needs to move through four stages of sleep several times each night.(为了健康，身体每晚需要多次经历四个睡眠阶段)”可知，身体每晚需要经历多次四个睡眠阶段。而空前“During the first and second stages, the body starts to decrease its rhythms.(在第一和第二阶段，身体开始降低节奏)”介绍了第一和第二阶段。而空后内容“Rapid eye movement sleep, called ram, is the final stage in which we dream.(快速眼动睡眠，被称为ram，是我们睡眠的最后阶段，在这一阶段，我们会做梦)”则介绍了第四阶段。由此推知，空处介绍了睡眠的第三阶段。选项G“Doing so prepares us for the third stage where the body is restoring itself.(这样做是为身体自我恢复的第三阶段做准备)”则介绍了睡眠的第三阶段是身体的自我恢复阶段。
11.E空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Without sleep, your muscles can’t recover from the stress you put them through during workouts. “You have to give them time to recover and grow stronger,” said sleep specialist Dr. Raj Dasgupta. “You’re more likely to suffer an injury when you’re exhausted due to slowed reaction times from your tired brain during the workout.”(没有睡眠，你的肌肉不能从你在锻炼中施加的压力中恢复过来。睡眠专家Raj Dasgupta博士说，“你必须给他们时间恢复并变得更强壮。当你在锻炼过程中疲劳的大脑反应速度减慢时，你更有可能受伤。”)”可推断，下文讲述的是疲劳的时候运动对身体不好。选项E“It may be unwise to play a sport when you’re very tired.(当你很累的时候进行体育运动可能是不明智的)”与下文内容一致，讲述的都是在疲倦的时候运动对身体不好。
12.D根据空后内容“You might find yourself fearing your normal workouts.(你可能会发现自己害怕正常锻炼)”可知，下文讲述的是缺乏睡眠对心理上的影响。选项D“Poor sleep can affect your motivation to exercise too.(睡眠不好也会影响你锻炼的动力)”讲述的正是睡眠不好对锻炼动力的影响，与下文内容一致。
13.A根据上文内容“Use common sense, experts said. If you’re not sleeping well, don’t go for that intense workout.(专家说，运用常识。如果你睡眠不好，就不要进行高强度的锻炼)”可知，上文讲述的是睡眠不好的情况下，不要进行高强度锻炼。选项A“Walk or do yoga instead.(散步或做瑜伽)”延续上文内容，针对上文说睡眠不好的情况下不要进行高强度锻炼，空处建议散步或做瑜伽，符合上文内容。
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与社会。文章以一位医生的口吻介绍了一位自己的患者，同时遭受疾病和贫困折磨的Simone因为陌生人的二十美金而激动落泪。
14.B考查动词短语辨析。句意：“对不起，医生，”她说，“我不应该这样占用你的时间。”A. mounting up增长；B. taking up占据；C. summing up总结；D. brightening up发亮。由后文“deserving of my time”可知，虽然Simone认为她在占据作者的时间，可作者认为这是值得的，应该用take up表示占据时间。
15.D考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在那一刻，我想不出还有谁比他更值得我花时间。A. only仅仅；B. instead相反；C. rather相当；D. else也。anyone else表示任何其他人，这里意指作者不认为还有任何其他人可以比她更值得作者的时间。
16.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的许多病人不仅因为健康状况不佳，而且因为他们的经济问题而急需治疗。A. trend趋势；B. complaint投诉；C. need需要；D. anxiety焦虑。这里用in desperate need表示急需，因为由后文可知他们的疾病和贫穷使他们无法打扰医生更长的时间、也没有办法接受合理的治疗。
17.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的许多病人不仅因为健康状况不佳，而且因为他们的经济问题而急需治疗。A. domestic国内的；B. financial经济的；C. severe严重的；D. physical身体的。和后文的“poverty and illnesses”相呼应，表示疾病与贫穷是病人的两大负担，贫穷也就是经济上的困难，用“financial problem”代指。
18.C考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：任何一个医生都会告诉你，贫穷和疾病是紧密相连的。A. examined检查过的；B. joined加入；C. linked连接的；D. restricted受限制的。be closely linked固定搭配，表示紧密联系，与前文的“poverty and illnesses”相联系，表示疾病和贫穷息息相关。
19.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但以Simone的形式直面贫困是令人不安的。A.disturbing 打扰；B. warning警告；C. fueling提供燃料；D. abusing虐待。这里意指以Simone的境遇面对贫穷是让人不安、困扰的，因为从后文可知Simone的贫穷状况是作者难以理解的。
20.D考查连接词词义辨析。句意：每个星期，在付清房租和电费后，她只剩下20美元生活。A. until直到；B. since自从；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。这里意思是在缴纳完租金和水电费之后只剩20美金，所以这里应该使用after。
21.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：她必须用这些钱买食物、衣服、旅行和支付所有其他账单。A. bills账单；B. taxes税收；C. discounts折扣；D. sponsors赞助。根据上文“From this she has to buy food, clothes, travel and pay all other”可知，她只能用剩下的20美金去买吃的、衣服、交通以及支付其他的账单，bills有账单的意思。
22.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Simone决心让女儿在生活中拥有一切机会，并在慈善商店为女儿寻找书籍。A. opposed相反的；B. determined下定决心的；C. committed尽心尽力的；D. recognized公认的。因为她的女儿拥有一切机会是她想象中的事情，用determine表示对未来的决定。
23.C考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而六个月前，Simone卷入了一场交通事故，这似乎是最后一根稻草。A. afterwards后来；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. moreover此外。这里指当她对女儿的未来想要做出自己的努力时，不幸却发生了。表转折，用however。
24.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：她陷入了抑郁，尽管她继续工作，但开始觉得生活不再值得过下去了。A. denied拒绝；B. withdrew收回；C. continued继续；D. stopped停止。前面有although，表示这句话有转折的含义，所以应该与前文“陷入绝望”形成反差，应该是继续工作，所以用continue to。
25.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：她去看全科医生，然后全科医生把她介绍给我，看我能给她什么帮助。A. mentioned提及；B. referred参考，推荐；C. distributed分配；D. adjusted调整。固定搭配，refer sb. to sb. 表示“把……推荐给……”，这里意思是把Simone推荐给作者，与后文the referral letter相呼应。
26.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全科医生的推荐信建议我可以开一种合适的药，但可悲的事实是，没有一种药能让Simone的情况好转。A. limited有限的；B. sad悲伤的；C. ripe成熟的；D. global全球的。根据后文可知没有药物能够改善Simone的状况，a sad truth表示一个悲伤的事实。
27.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：她哭了，因为她被一个陌生人的善良感动了。A. disability残疾；B. poverty贫穷；C. kindness善良；D. suggestion建议。表示一个陌生人的善良/慷慨馈赠，与最后一行“kindness and generosity”相呼应。
28.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：门诊部的一名管理人员刚刚赢得了一张20美元的马莎代金券，一时心血来潮把它给了Simone，让她招待她的女儿，她的女儿经常在门诊部玩，而她的母亲在看我。A. amuse逗乐；B. handle处理；C. affect影响；D. treat对待，招待。因为有了这陌生人给的20美金Simone就可以好好招待她的女儿了。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自然。本文主要介绍的是程阳风雨桥的相关情况。
29. shaped考查非谓语动词。句意：风雨桥是一种有屋顶的桥，桥上有长凳和亭子，形似宫殿。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，A wind and rain bridge和shape之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。
30. to meet考查不定式。句意：它可以为人们遮风挡雨，让人们见面和休息。allow sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”。
31. whose考查定语从句。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词The Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge和design之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句。
32. containing考查非谓语动词。句意：程阳风雨桥的设计使其成为该类型的杰出典范，它有三层，包含五个亭子，两端有一个平台。句中谓语是has，空格处用非谓语动词，three floor levels和contain之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。
33. height考查名词。句意：它长60多米，宽3米，高出河约10米。由空前的the和空后的about 10 meters可知，空格处用名词，表示“高度”，是height，是不可数名词。
34. with考查介词。句意：上层结构是精心设计的，每个石墩上都有塔楼。be designed with是固定短语，意为“被用……设计”。
35. entirely考查副词。句意：它几乎完全由木头建造，又长又宽的屋顶覆盖着漂亮的材料。空格处用副词entirely修饰动词made，entirely意为“完全”。
36. was constructed考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：这座桥也被称为程阳永济桥，是20世纪初由当地有才能的工人建造的，连接了河对岸的当地村庄。空格处是谓语，由by可知，用被动语态，由in the early 1900s可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语The bridge是单数。
37. valuable/valued考查形容词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生的雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词bridge，value的形容词是valuable/valued，意为“珍贵的”。
38. and考查连词。句意：他们用色彩鲜艳、栩栩如生雕刻和绘画来装饰这座非常珍贵的桥。carvings和paintings之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句。