非谓语动词之动词不定式
目录
动词不定式
【高考预测】不定式概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01
【思维导图】不定式考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】不定式常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】不定式点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................03
【抢分通关】不定式题押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）........................................................09
概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测 语法填空题、阅读理解句意、写作高级句式输出
考向预测 不定式作状语、作定语、作补语、作主语、作宾语、不定式的特殊用法 ☆☆☆☆☆
一 不定式作状语
不定式可以在句中作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语、条件状语等。
1. 不定式作目的状语表示目的，可译为“去、来、为了”等，其逻辑主语也是全句的主语。
2. 不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。
3. 不定式用于be+ adj+to do构成结果状语，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
易错点一：不定式作目的状语的错用
秘籍：分析句子结构和句意。不定式作目的状语时，其前可加in order或so as，可以置于句首。但so as to不可置于句首。
易错提醒：to do不定式作目的状语位于句中时，不能用逗号。
（2024年浙江卷1月）However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____56____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
破解：考查动词不定式。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。
变式1：_______(accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.
破解：设空处在句中非谓语做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。根据句意可知是被动含义，故答案是To be accepted。
变式2：（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
破解：设空处在句中作做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。
易错点二：不定式作结果状语错用
秘籍：不定式作结果状语时，表示“出乎意料、想不到”的结果，而分词作状语，表示“自然而然、可想而知”的结果。
He hurried to the station, only ____________(tell) that the train had left.
破解：only to do常表示出乎预料的结果，本句含有被动意义,故答案是to be informed/to find/to be told。
变式1：He worked deep into the night, ________(prepare) a paper.
破解：考查非谓语动词作状语，句中有逗号隔开，不能作目的状语。属于现在分词作伴随状语。句意：昨晚工作到深夜，在准备一篇论文。
变式2：Would you be so kind as_____________ (carry) the luggage for me
破解：to carry。so…as to do引导不定式作结果状语，故答案是to carry。
二 不定式作定语
不定式作定语必须后置。同时注意以下几点：
作定语的不定式与所修饰的名词之间往往有动宾关系，如果这个不定式是不及物动词，后面需加介词。
某些名词后只能跟不定式作定语，不接of doing，常见名词有ability, attempt, desire, effort, failure, promise tendency等。
易错点：不定式作定语
Fearful that he might have an intention (harm) her, Helen started to run.
破解：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。
变式1：As is known to us, Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut (send) into space.
破解：考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，杨利伟是第一位被送入太空的中国宇航员。序数词修饰的名词后用不定式作后置定语，且send与逻辑主语astronaut是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，故填to be sent。
变式2：What is the best way for you (solve) this problem
破解：考查非谓语动词。句意：你解决这个问题的最好方法是什么？the way for sb. to do sth.“某人做某事的方法”，不定式复合结构作后置定语。故填to solve。
变式3：The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
破解：考查非谓语动词。句意：明年完工的机场将有助于促进该地区的旅游业。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语，根据时间状语next year可知，该动作将要发生，且complete与the airport之间为被动关系。故填to be completed。
三 不定式作补语
see，notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel。(不定式作宾补省to，但在被动语态中to应加上)
ask, allow, cause, help, invite, tell, persuade, expect, teach,order, persuade,want, warn等动词(只接to do后作宾补) 。
用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。
be said类动词：be said/believed/reported/known to do类句型，可以转化为It is said that…。不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。
易错点：不定式作宾语补足语
（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
破解：考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
变式1：Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area.
破解：本句是形容词短语作宾语补足语，暗含be+ adj+to do构成的反射不定式，故答案是to perform。
变式2：Facebook is considering to make its website page (look) more beautiful.
破解：分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾语补足语，因空白处表示的是一个不确定的具体动作，应使用动词不定式，根据动词不定式的用法，当动词不定式在make等表示“使、让”含义的词后作宾语补足语的时候，省略动词不定式符号to，使用动词原形，故填look。句意：脸书正在考虑让自己的网页看起来更漂亮。
四 不定式作主语
1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 。
2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-to do短语作主语(谓语用单数)。
3.常考句型It is+ adj. +of / for sb to do sth 结构；It takes sb. time to do sth.等。
It is very difficult for us (finish) the whole work in two days.
破解：考查动词不定式。句意：我们很难在两天内完成全部工作。It +be+ adj.+for sb. +to do sth. 是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事……”，it在句中作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to finish。
变式1： On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take __________ (get)there.
破解：这是It takes sb time to do sth.句型，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故答案是to get。
变式2：When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown.
破解：wh-to do短语作主语时，谓语用单数。故答案是remains。
五 不定式作宾语
1.只接to do作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的
manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine
2.接to do/doing意义不同的动词：forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做） remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做） remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做）
go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做） go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了） can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变） can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
mean to do 打算做某事（未做） try to do 努力做某事（尽力做成某事）
mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用） try doing sth尝试做某事（试一试）
（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
破解：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
变式1：He still defends the country’s restrictive polities that aim (limit) alcohol abuse or under-age drinking.
破解：考查非谓语动词。他仍然为该国旨在限制酗酒和未成年人饮酒的限制性政策辩护。aim to do意为“计划……”，不定式作宾语。故填to limit。
变式2：Zhang Yugun managed (help) children in poor areas to realize their dream of going to university, so not a single child in his village dropped out of school because of poverty. (所给词的适当形式填空)
破解：固定搭配manage to do sth意为“设法做成某事”，设空处应填动词help的不定式，作manage的宾语。故填to help。句意：张玉滚设法帮助贫困地区的孩子实现了上大学的梦想，所以他的村里没有一个孩子因为贫困而辍学。
六 不定式作表语
不定式作表语，表示主语的内容，如职业、职责或性质等，起解释说明作用，也可表示目的或愿望等。主语有实义动词do,作表语的不定式可省to。
The purpose of this activity is (encourage) the students to speak English.
破解：分析可知，“________ (encourage) the students to speak English”为表语，用动词不定式来表示目的。故填to encourage。句意：这个活动的目的是鼓励学生说英语。
变式1：Anyhow my goal is _________(provide) humans with a life of high quality.
破解：分析可知，此处为不定式说明主语的内容，作表语。修饰抽象名词goal用不定式。
七 不定式的特殊用法
不定式的省略感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；
某些不定式与be连用，如to blame, to seek, to let等。
省去to的不定式
may as well do sth 最好还是做…… had better do 最好做某事
do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事 can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事
Why not do sth 何不做某事？ prefer to do…rather than do sth宁愿做……而不愿做……
would rather do…than do…宁愿做……而不愿做……
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意，不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。
The young girl was observed ________________(enter) the office silently.
破解：感官动词接不定式作宾补时省略to，被动语态中to应加上，故答案是to enter。
变式：Rather than ______(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______(ride) a bicycle.
破解：prefer to do sth rather than do sth表示“宁愿做……不愿做……”，故答案是ride; to ride。
【押题新高考题型一】不定式作状语
1.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
【答案】to teach。
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
2.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, (give) us the “taste of home” and relieving feelings of homesickness. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】giving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，给我们“家的味道”，缓解乡愁。分析句子可知，give用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语One mouthful of comfort food是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填giving。
3． (combine) two or more elements in a chemical way, you will get at least one new substance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Combining
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：把两种或两种以上的元素以化学方式结合起来，你至少会得到一种新物质。根据句意和所给动词combine分析句子可知，空格处应该填入动词combine的非谓语形式作状语，因为动词combine和句子主语you之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词形式combining作状语。故填Combining。
4．He volunteered to help control traffic, (donate) an hour of his time every week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】donating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他自愿帮助控制交通，每周抽出一小时的时间。句中谓语是volunteered，前后无连词，空格处用非谓语动词，He和donate之间是主谓关系，空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填donating。
5． (receive) the letter from her best friend, Lucy ran towards home excitedly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Having received
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：收到她最好的朋友的信后，露西兴奋地朝家跑去。分析句子可知，“(receive) the letter from her best friend”作时间状语，receive(收到)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Lucy之间是主动关系，且“收到”这一动作发生在谓语动词之前，应用现在分词的完成式表示主动和完成；句首单词首字母大写。故填Having received。
6．The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happily (watch) anything that happened to be on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】watching
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：老人每天晚上都坐在电视机前，高兴地看电视上发生的一切。根据句意和所给动词watch分析句子可知，空格处只能填入watch的非谓语形式作状语，因为watch和句子的主语the old man之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词watching作状语。故填watching。
7． (concentrate) deeply on his work, the engineer ignored what was happening out in the streets. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Concentrating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位工程师全神贯注地工作，没有理会街上发生的事情。concentrate与逻辑主语the engineer构成主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Concentrating。
8. (help) solve the problem, we have raised some money and are helping train technical workers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】To help
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助解决这个问题，我们筹集了一些资金，正在帮助培训技术工人。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To help。
【押题新高考题型二】不定式作定语
1．The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort (get) rid of smallpox. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1970年，在刚果民主共和国加紧努力消灭天花期间，记录了第一例猴痘人间病例。分析句子，句中was recorded为谓语动词，设空处使用动词不定式作后置定语。get rid of为固定短语，意为“处理”。故填to get。
2. Only when you try your best can you have a chance (become) a promising person. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to become
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有当你尽了最大努力，你才有机会成为一个有前途的人。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作非谓语，逻辑主语you与动词become之间为主动关系，结合句意可知，此处表将来，应用to do不定式，整个不定式短语作chance的后置定语。故填to become。
3．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal (achieve). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to achieve
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：将人类送到其他星球或者甚至是太阳系以外，都是一项很难实现的目标。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“做某事的目的”，表达为the goal to do sth.，故此处应用动词不定式作定语，故填to achieve。
4．He missed a golden opportunity (score) in the first half. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to score
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在上半场错失了一次得分的黄金机会。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为missed，本空为opportunity的定语，opportunity的定语通常用不定式。故填to score。
5．The decision (leave) for the small island for a holiday is really exciting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to leave
【详解】考查不定式。句意：去小岛度假的这个决定真是令人兴奋。the decision to do sth.意为“做某事的决定”，其中不定式作后置定语。故填to leave。
6．They talk to the flood of international tourists and to (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】visiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语为talk，空处填非谓语动词，且Chinese zookeepers与visit“参观，访问”为主动关系，故此处用现在分词转化的形容词visiting“来访的，参观的”修饰名词Chinese zookeepers。故填visiting。
7．You may already know of UNESCO’s famous list of World Heritage Sites, (consist) of places selected for special protection because of their value to the world. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能已经知道联合国教科文组织著名的世界遗产名录，其中包括因其对世界的价值而被选中进行特别保护的地方。分析句子结构可知consist与逻辑主语World Heritage Sites为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填consisting。
8．Misunderstanding (arise) from the lack of communication, unless handled properly, may lead to serious problems. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】arising
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏沟通而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。分析句子结构可知arise与逻辑主语Misunderstanding构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填arising。
9．The room (measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个房间宽五米，住起来很舒服。分析句子可知，空处作room的后置定语，是非谓语动词，measure“（某物的）长度为……”和room逻辑上是主动关系，且此处表示状态，因此应用measure的现在分词形式。故填measuring。
10．This is an exhausting and (drain) experience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】draining
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个让人筋疲力尽的经历。分析句子结构可知，此处位于名词之前，且与“exhausting”并列，因此需要填入形容词，此处修饰“事情”。所以用v-ing修饰，draining表示“使筋疲力尽的”。故填draining。
11．The study further strengthens the evidence (link) smoking with early death. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】linking
【详解】考查分词作定语。句意：这项研究进一步加强了将吸烟与早逝连接在一起的证据。分析句子结构可知，空格后面部分作名词evidence的后置定语，evidence与动词link之间存在主动关系，用现在分词，故填linking。
12．Richard was aware of the danger (await) him on his way back to England after the war. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】awaiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：理查德在战后返回英国的路上意识到了等待着他的危险。分析句子可知，await“等待；即将发生于”作后置定语，修饰danger，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填awaiting。
13．They spared no effort to save the building (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】dating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们不遗余力地抢救这座可以追溯到清朝的建筑。分析句子可知，设空处动词date充当定语修饰名词the building，二者之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应填现在分词。故填dating。
【押题新高考题型三】不定式作补语
1．With the final exam (approach), all the students are busy going over their lessons. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】approaching
【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：随着期末考试的临近，所有的学生都在忙着复习功课。分析句子成分可知，此处是with复合结构，即with+宾语+宾语补足语，动词approach和宾语“the final exam”之间为主动关系，故用doing形式作宾语补足语。故填approaching。
2．When she looked around, she noticed a man (put) his hand into a passenger’s pocket. She rushed to stop it in time. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】putting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当她环顾四周时，她注意到一个男人正把手伸进一位乘客的口袋里。她冲过去及时制止了它。分析句子，句中notice sb doing为固定短语，意为“看到某人做某事”，此处使用现在分词宾补结构。故填putting。
3．I found Janet (sit) on a bench in the backyard alone, watching the bright moon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sitting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现珍妮特一个人坐在后院的长椅上，看着明亮的月亮。find sb doing sth是固定句型，现在分词作宾语补足语，和宾语之间是主动进行的关系。故填sitting。
4．A global concert (feature) many international musicians was held on April 18 in support of health workers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】featuring
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：以很多国际音乐家为特色的全球音乐会在4月18日举行了，其目的是为了支持医疗工作者。根据句子分析可知，此处作定语，concert与feature之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作后置定语，故填featuring。
5．Listening to music at home is one thing, and going to hear it (perform) live is quite another. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being performed
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去听现场演奏又是另一回事。hear sb./sth. doing sth.听到某人/某物正在做某事。又因为音乐和演奏之间是被动关系，故用现在分词的被动形式being done。故填being performed。
6．He turned around and saw the old man (applaud) the young actor. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】applauding
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他转过身来，看见老人在为年轻演员鼓掌。此处为see+宾语+宾补结构，且applaud与man构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填applauding。
7.The man was made (work) for 12 hours a day when he was young.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to work
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个人年轻时被强迫每天工作12个小时。make sb. do...是固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，当用作被动语态是，不定式必须使用不定式符号to，即sb. be made to do...，其中不定式作主语补足语。本句使用了其被动用法，用不定式to work作主语补足语。故填to work。
8．This book is thought (be) the first with no help or explanations in modern languages. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to be
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：这本书被认为是第一本没有现代语言帮助或解释的书。分析句子可知，这里考查固定句型Sb./Sth. be thought to be，意为“……被认为是……”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to be。
9．My thoughts can’t be relayed over a regular phone line, so I want them (carry) on the wind. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be carried
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的思想无法通过普通的电话线传递，所以我希望它们能被风传递。want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。代词them指代thoughts，与carry之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。故填to be carried。
10．With so much work (do), I have no time for travelling to the valley.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有这么多工作要做，我没有时间去山谷旅行。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，此处表示将要发生的动作，需用动词不定式to do。故填to do。
【押题新高考题型四】不定式作主语、宾语、表语
1．A certain sleeping position shows that the sleeper tends (seek) perfection. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to seek
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：某个特定的睡姿表明睡眠者倾向于追求完美。tend to do...意为“倾向于做……”，不定式作宾语。故填to seek。
2．Machines have learned how (perform) a huge range of tasks.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to perform
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：机器已经学会了如何执行各种各样的任务。分析句子可知，此处是“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。故填to perform。
3．She buried her head under the covers, pretending (be) asleep. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to be
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。分析可知，“pretend to do sth.”，意为“假装做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to be。
4．It isn’t worthwhile (spend) so much time on such minor problems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】spending/to spend
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不值得在这些小问题上花那么多时间。固定句型It is worthwhile to do/doing...“做某事是值得的”，不定式和动名词作真正的主语。故填spending或to spend。
5．Tom often pretends (know) everything, but actually he is ignorant. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to know
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆经常装出无所不知的样子，实际上他一无所知。pretend to do sth“假装做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语，故填to know。
6．I hope (have) the privilege of working with them again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望有幸再次与他们合作。hope to do sth“希望干某事”是固定句式，不定式作宾语。故填to have。
7．There’s a young man standing at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (make) trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to make
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接待处站着一个年轻人，他看起来很生气，我想他是想找麻烦的。mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事，想要做某事”；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。根据句意可知，这里表示他故意想制造麻烦。故填to make。
8．I refuse (believe) him again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to believe
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我拒绝再相信他。refuse to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“拒绝做某事”，空处需填动词不定式to believe。故填to believe。
9．People may also choose (shop) on the Internet because it can save some time for those who don’t have much spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to shop
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们也可以选择在网上购物，因为它可以为那些没有多少空闲时间的人节省一些时间。此处用固定短语choose to do sth.表示“选择做某事”，空处应用shop的不定式形式，作宾语。故填to shop。
10．Now for now, it’s hard (argue) that this is a good thing but it’s a common thing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to argue
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就目前而言，很难说这是一件好事，但这是一种常见的事情。it is hard to do...意为“很难做某事”，为固定句式，it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to argue。
11．It is beyond my ability (finish) doing all the housework in only two hours. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to finish
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：要在两小时内做完所有的家务，我是办不到的。此处是固定句型：It is beyond my ability to do sth.意为“做某事超出了我的能力”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to finish。
12．After-class activities make it possible for us (enrich) our knowledge and build up our body. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to enrich
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：课外活动使我们能够丰富我们的知识，增强我们的体质。it为形式宾语，本空用enrich“使丰富”的不定式形式，作真正的宾语。故填to enrich。
13．The audience was waiting for the curtain (rise). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to rise
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：观众在等待幕布升起。分析句子结构，wait for sb/sth to do sth“等待某人/某物做某事”为固定短语，符合句意，故填to rise。
14．He never ceased (amaze) me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to amaze
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他总是让我惊讶。cease to do sth“停止做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to amaze。
15．We can’t afford (go) abroad this summer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们负担不起今年夏天出国旅游的费用。分析句子结构，afford to do为固定短语，含义为“负担得起……”，符合句意，故填to go。
16．Out of everybody’s expectation, she didn’t hesitate (accept) the job. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to accept
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：出乎所有人的意料，她毫不犹豫地接受了这份工作。本句谓语为didn’t hesitate，此处为非谓语动词，应用accept“接受”的不定式形式，作宾语。故填to accept。非谓语动词之动词不定式
目录
动词不定式
【高考预测】不定式概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01
【思维导图】不定式考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】不定式常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】不定式点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................03
【抢分通关】不定式题押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）........................................................08
概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测 语法填空题、阅读理解句意、写作高级句式输出
考向预测 不定式作状语、作定语、作补语、作主语、作宾语、不定式的特殊用法 ☆☆☆☆☆
一 不定式作状语
不定式可以在句中作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语、条件状语等。
1. 不定式作目的状语表示目的，可译为“去、来、为了”等，其逻辑主语也是全句的主语。
2. 不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。
3. 不定式用于be+ adj+to do构成结果状语，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
易错点一：不定式作目的状语的错用
秘籍：分析句子结构和句意。不定式作目的状语时，其前可加in order或so as，可以置于句首。但so as to不可置于句首。
易错提醒：to do不定式作目的状语位于句中时，不能用逗号。
（2024年浙江卷1月）However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____56____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
变式1：_______(accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.
变式2：（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
易错点二：不定式作结果状语错用
秘籍：不定式作结果状语时，表示“出乎意料、想不到”的结果，而分词作状语，表示“自然而然、可想而知”的结果。
He hurried to the station, only ____________(tell) that the train had left.
变式1：He worked deep into the night, ________(prepare) a paper.
变式2：Would you be so kind as_____________ (carry) the luggage for me
二 不定式作定语
不定式作定语必须后置。同时注意以下几点：
作定语的不定式与所修饰的名词之间往往有动宾关系，如果这个不定式是不及物动词，后面需加介词。
某些名词后只能跟不定式作定语，不接of doing，常见名词有ability, attempt, desire, effort, failure, promise tendency等。
易错点：不定式作定语
Fearful that he might have an intention (harm) her, Helen started to run.
变式1：As is known to us, Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut (send) into space.
变式2：What is the best way for you (solve) this problem
变式3：The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
三 不定式作补语
see，notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel。(不定式作宾补省to，但在被动语态中to应加上)
ask, allow, cause, help, invite, tell, persuade, expect, teach,order, persuade,want, warn等动词(只接to do后作宾补) 。
用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。
be said类动词：be said/believed/reported/known to do类句型，可以转化为It is said that…。不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。
易错点：不定式作宾语补足语
（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
变式1：Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area.
变式2：Facebook is considering to make its website page (look) more beautiful.
四 不定式作主语
1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 。
2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-to do短语作主语(谓语用单数)。
3.常考句型It is+ adj. +of / for sb to do sth 结构；It takes sb. time to do sth.等。
It is very difficult for us (finish) the whole work in two days.
变式1： On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take __________ (get)there.
变式2：When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown.
五 不定式作宾语
1.只接to do作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的
manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine
2.接to do/doing意义不同的动词：forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做） remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做） remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做）
go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做） go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了） can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变） can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
mean to do 打算做某事（未做） try to do 努力做某事（尽力做成某事）
mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用） try doing sth尝试做某事（试一试）
（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
变式1：He still defends the country’s restrictive polities that aim (limit) alcohol abuse or under-age drinking.
变式2：Zhang Yugun managed (help) children in poor areas to realize their dream of going to university, so not a single child in his village dropped out of school because of poverty. (所给词的适当形式填空)
六 不定式作表语
不定式作表语，表示主语的内容，如职业、职责或性质等，起解释说明作用，也可表示目的或愿望等。主语有实义动词do,作表语的不定式可省to。
The purpose of this activity is (encourage) the students to speak English.
变式1：Anyhow my goal is _________(provide) humans with a life of high quality.
七 不定式的特殊用法
不定式的省略感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；
某些不定式与be连用，如to blame, to seek, to let等。
省去to的不定式
may as well do sth 最好还是做…… had better do 最好做某事
do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事 can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事
Why not do sth 何不做某事？ prefer to do…rather than do sth宁愿做……而不愿做……
would rather do…than do…宁愿做……而不愿做……
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意，不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。
The young girl was observed ________________(enter) the office silently.
变式：Rather than ______(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______(ride) a bicycle.
【押题新高考题型一】不定式作状语
1.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
2.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, (give) us the “taste of home” and relieving feelings of homesickness. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3． (combine) two or more elements in a chemical way, you will get at least one new substance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．He volunteered to help control traffic, (donate) an hour of his time every week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5． (receive) the letter from her best friend, Lucy ran towards home excitedly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happily (watch) anything that happened to be on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7． (concentrate) deeply on his work, the engineer ignored what was happening out in the streets. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8. (help) solve the problem, we have raised some money and are helping train technical workers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【押题新高考题型二】不定式作定语
1．The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort (get) rid of smallpox. （所给词的适当形式填空）
2. Only when you try your best can you have a chance (become) a promising person. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal (achieve). (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．He missed a golden opportunity (score) in the first half. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The decision (leave) for the small island for a holiday is really exciting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．They talk to the flood of international tourists and to (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．You may already know of UNESCO’s famous list of World Heritage Sites, (consist) of places selected for special protection because of their value to the world. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
8．Misunderstanding (arise) from the lack of communication, unless handled properly, may lead to serious problems. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
9．The room (measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
10．This is an exhausting and (drain) experience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．The study further strengthens the evidence (link) smoking with early death. （所给词的适当形式填空）
12．Richard was aware of the danger (await) him on his way back to England after the war. （所给词的适当形式填空）
13．They spared no effort to save the building (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【押题新高考题型三】不定式作补语
1．With the final exam (approach), all the students are busy going over their lessons. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．When she looked around, she noticed a man (put) his hand into a passenger’s pocket. She rushed to stop it in time. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3．I found Janet (sit) on a bench in the backyard alone, watching the bright moon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．A global concert (feature) many international musicians was held on April 18 in support of health workers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
5．Listening to music at home is one thing, and going to hear it (perform) live is quite another. （所给词的适当形式填空）
6．He turned around and saw the old man (applaud) the young actor. （所给词的适当形式填空）
7.The man was made (work) for 12 hours a day when he was young.(所给词的适当形式填空)
8．This book is thought (be) the first with no help or explanations in modern languages. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．My thoughts can’t be relayed over a regular phone line, so I want them (carry) on the wind. （所给词的适当形式填空）
10．With so much work (do), I have no time for travelling to the valley.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【押题新高考题型四】不定式作主语、宾语、表语
1．A certain sleeping position shows that the sleeper tends (seek) perfection. （所给词的适当形式填空）
2．Machines have learned how (perform) a huge range of tasks.（所给词的适当形式填空）
3．She buried her head under the covers, pretending (be) asleep. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．It isn’t worthwhile (spend) so much time on such minor problems. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．Tom often pretends (know) everything, but actually he is ignorant. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．I hope (have) the privilege of working with them again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．There’s a young man standing at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (make) trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．I refuse (believe) him again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．People may also choose (shop) on the Internet because it can save some time for those who don’t have much spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．Now for now, it’s hard (argue) that this is a good thing but it’s a common thing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．It is beyond my ability (finish) doing all the housework in only two hours. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．After-class activities make it possible for us (enrich) our knowledge and build up our body. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13．The audience was waiting for the curtain (rise). (所给词的适当形式填空)
14．He never ceased (amaze) me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．We can’t afford (go) abroad this summer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16．Out of everybody’s expectation, she didn’t hesitate (accept) the job. (所给词的适当形式填空)
