2024届山东省部分市高三下学期一模英语试题汇编：七选五（含解析）

山东省部分市2024届高三英语一模试题分类汇编
七选五
2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Risks of Overtraining
Getting in shape and training for an event such as a marathon requires long-lasting and intense physical commitment.____16____ But the truth is, sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits.
Specifically overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout. ____17____People tend to ignore them. Over time, the cycle of starting the next training session before allowing recovery causes breakdown of the very parts of the body that you work so hard to build up.
The structures and systems of your body adapt to the demands you have placed on them before the rest time. If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability, it will adapt toward what you did in a positive way. ____18____
Two main factors are necessary in recovery: nutrition. and rest. Good nutrition, including water and protein intake, is extremely important, especially within 40 minutes of your workout. ____19____Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, to strengthen.
One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate. ____20____Generally, you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up. Tracking it in a log can be a great way to monitor your recovery.
A. It's easy to measure and track.
B. Allowing time for recovery is also essential.
C. The problem is that they show up very gradually.
D. Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining.
E. Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals.
F. If far beyond, it'll take longer to adapt and may cause injury.
G. We generally assume regular intense exercise good for our health.
2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever paused to see clouds when you rush to your destination There’s a group of passionate “treasure finders” dedicated to observing and capturing the beauty in the sky cloud spotters.
Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky. ____16____
Ji Yun, 36, is an expert in cloud spotting. He set up a WeChat group to gather together people with similar hobbies in 2013. As the number of group members continued to grow, Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China, forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019. ____17____
Power comes in numbers. Three years after the association was formed, cloud enthusiasts from all over China had collected every kind of cloud in the International Cloud Atlas, a reference by the World Meteorological Organization.
____18____ Cloud spotting, in fact, is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we’ve become blind to. “You’re not going to be worrying too much about what formation it is and why it looks the way it does.” Gavin Pretor-Pinney, founder of the Cloud Appreciation Society, told Atlas Obscura.
Indeed, Jiang Xinwei in Jilin finds cloud spotting relaxing. Even though she is going through her toughest school year in grade 12, Jiang maintains this hobby as a short break from her heavy schoolwork. “Observing the clouds has become a habit for me,” the 17-year-old said. “____19____.”
“Clouds change in the blink of an eye. ____20____ ” said Jiang Na, a 25-year-old cloud spotter in Beijing.
A. Currently, there are thousands of people across different groups.
B. This often leads us to think about the relationship between humans and nature.
C. They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names.
D. My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up.
E. But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths.
F. Cloud spotting can also make some people feel blue.
G. When they roll over the sky, I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape.
2024届山东省菏泽市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Build Resilience
Resilience (适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity. ____16____ Whether it’s learning how to be resilient at work or how to be resilient to stress use these strategies as a starting point for your resilience-building journey.
Nurture strong relationships
____17____ Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems.
____18____
Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience. A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness. Start to improve your health by integrating a simple exercise routine into your daily schedule, like a 30-minute stroll or a short yoga session. By taking care of yourself, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life’s challenges.
Discover your purpose
A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation, especially during tough times. Consider what goals you have, whether little or large. These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused. Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life. ____19____
Develop problem-solving skills
Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem. ____20____ By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges.
A. Prioritize physical health
B. Activate positive emotion
C. It’s important to have people you can trust.
D. It can be developed and enhanced over time.
E. Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.
F. Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems.
G. It means the difference between handling pressure and losing your cool.
2024届山东省临沂市高三下学期一模考试英语试题（含解析）
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. ____16____ Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. ____17____ “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. ____18____
Covington started with a small community garden. ____19____ One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.
____20____ On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A. But if he planted stuff they might not.
B. It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.
D. Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E. And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F. He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G. What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
2024届山东省淄博市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
第二节(共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Power of Peers
Do birds of a feather really flock together People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them. Many behaviors spread socially. Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around. ____16____ You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits — and motivate others to do the same.
____17____ Teens are especially responsive to peer influence. At the same time, the reward system in the teen brain becomes extra sensitive. Teens are just learning to explore the social world. Understanding other people’s values and being influenced by them are important parts of socializing.
A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risk-taking tendencies of teenagers. Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others. ____18____ But it’s also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others.
It’s the quality of friendships — not quantity — that really makes the difference. Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality. ____19____ High quality friendships provide understanding, support, and recognition of your self-worth. These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying.
Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people. Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people, we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves. ____20____
A. Adolescence is such a risky period.
B. That can affect what you choose to do.
C. Peer pressure can sometimes lead to competition.
D. People care about what others think across all different age groups.
E. They are linked to poor academic performance and behavioral issues.
F. Sharing your healthy habits could also make a real difference to others.
G. The number of friends you have determines your level of social influence.
参考答案
2024届山东省济南市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过度训练的风险。
【16题详解】
根据下文“But the truth is, sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits.(但事实是，有时我们为了健康而做的事情实际上会让我们超越身体的极限)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明人们关于高强度运动队健康的一般看法。故G选项“我们通常认为有规律的高强度运动对我们的健康有益。”切题。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Specifically, overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout.(具体来说，过度训练是当你的身体无法在下一次锻炼前充分恢复时出现的一系列迹象)”以及下文“People tend to ignore them.(人们往往会忽略它们)”可知，迹象出现的较为缓慢。故C选项“问题是，它们的出现非常缓慢”切题。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability, it will adapt toward what you did in a positive way.(如果你的锻炼稍微超出了你目前的能力，它会以一种积极的方式适应你所做的)”可知，选项承接上文说明锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，会导致的结果。故B选项“如果锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，需要更长的时间来适应，并可能导致受伤。”切题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, to strengthen.(你的身体会利用你在休息时间给它的营养，尤其是要加强睡眠)”可知，要给恢复留出时间。故B选项“留出恢复的时间也很重要”切题。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate.(防止过度训练的最好方法之一是关注你的晨间静息心率)”及下文“Generally, you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up.(一般来说，在其他迹象出现之前，你会发现心率的增加)”可知，心率很容易测量和跟踪。故A选项“它很容易测量和跟踪”切题。故选A项。
2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是云观测者Ji Yun的故事。
【16题详解】
空前“Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky.(云观测者采取更严肃的方法来理解天空。)”讲的是云观测者的工作，空格处应该继续说云观测者还要干什么，C选项“They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names.(他们拍摄云的照片，并将它们与云的类型名称相匹配。)”说明了云观测者除了做空前的事情外还做什么，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
空前“As the number of group members continued to grow, Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China, forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019.(随着小组成员数量的持续增长，Ji和几位云爱好者在中国不同地区创建了数十个在线小组，并于2019年成立了Sky Enthusiasts Association。)”说明了Sky Enthusiasts Association的成立，空格处应该说这个协会的相关情况，A选项“Currently, there are thousands of people across different groups.(目前，有成千上万的人来自不同的群体。)”说明了协会里有成千上万的人，是关于这个协会的，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
空后“Cloud spotting, in fact, is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we’ve become blind to.(事实上，观云是一种邀请，让我们对日常生活中常见的东西感到惊讶，而我们却视而不见。)”说明观云其实很容易做到，也就是不那么困难，E选项“But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths.(但这并不是说所有的云观测者都需要花这么大的力气)”说明云观测者不需要费那么大劲，也就是观云是挺容易做到的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前“Observing the clouds has become a habit for me(观云已经成为我的习惯)”是Jiang Xinwei在谈论观云对自己的影响，空格处也应该是这方面的内容，D选项“My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up.(当我抬头时，我的烦恼和烦恼似乎都消失了。)”说明的是观云对Jiang Xinwei的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
空前“Clouds change in the blink of an eye.(云在眨眼之间变化。)”说明了云变化得很快，是描述云的，空格处也应该是描述云的，G选项“When they roll over the sky, I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape.(当它们在天空翻滚时，我感觉时间的流逝有了具体的形状。)”也是描述云的，说明了云翻滚时作者的感觉，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
2024届山东省菏泽市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。旨在指导读者如何建立适应力。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Resilience(适应力)is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity.( 韧性是一种至关重要的技能，可以帮助我们面对生活的不可预测性，并在逆境中茁壮成长)”和后文列举的提高适应力的策略可知，空处最有可能指出适应力是可以随着时间的推移而发展和提高的，与D项“It can be developed and enhanced over time(它可以随着时间的推移而发展和增强)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis(在危机时刻，身边有关心和支持你的人是一个保护因素)”可知，拥有可信任的人是很重要的，与C项“It’s important to have people you can trust(拥有可以信任的人是很重要的)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【18题详解】
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience.(你的身体健康状况会显著影响你的恢复力)”可知，身体健康对于建立适应力是非常重要的，与A项“Prioritize physical health(优先考虑身体健康)”符合题意，故选A项。
【19题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文，根据上文“Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life(写下你想在生活中完成的事情的清单)”可知，空处最后可能提到如何处理这张清单，与E项“Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.( 把这份清单保存在安全的地方，并定期评估你的进步。)”表达的含义一致，this list指上文的a list。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem.( 每当你遇到新的挑战时，集思广益，找出一些可能解决问题的方法)”以及下文“By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges(通过定期练习解决问题的技能，你将更好地准备应对出现的严重挑战)”可知，此处上下文说的是要学会使用多种办法解决问题，磨练自己的解决问题能力，与F项“Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems.(尝试使用不同的策略来解决常见问题。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
2024届山东省临沂市高三下学期一模考试英语试题（含解析）
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了社区领袖Mark Covington变废为宝，建农场助邻，社区由此焕发新生。
16题详解】
根据上文“Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning.(Mark Covington是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气)”及下文“Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.(2007年，Covington失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道)”以及下文“‘It was dirty,’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说)”可知，此处是说Covington回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来)”提到，Covington意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了，A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会（堆积）”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到Covington开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排)”可知，邻居们和Covington一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
结合下文“On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室)”可知，文章最后描述了Covington的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。
2024届山东省淄博市高三下学期一模英语试题（含解析）
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了同龄人的力量，青少年可以利用这种社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯。
【16题详解】
上文“People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them. (人们确实倾向于选择与自己相似的朋友)”和“Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around. (当其他人在身边时，某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化)”讲志趣相投的朋友在身边，你的某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化，该空应该承接上文讲发生变化后会产生什么样的结果，才能引出下文“You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits — and motivate others to do the same. (你可以利用社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯，并激励他人也这样做)”讲人们可以选择利用此类社会关系的力量改变自己、于自己有益， B选项“这会影响你的选择。”切合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
由下文“Teens are especially responsive to peer influence. (青少年对同伴的影响特别敏感)”和常识可知，人敏感是因为在意别人的看法，结合下文出现了“青少年”，该空应该引出各年龄阶段都会有因在意别人看法而变得敏感的人的内容，D选项“不同年龄段的人都关心别人的想法。”切合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】
由上文“A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risk-taking tendencies of teenagers. Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others. (一项研究表明，即使身边有另一个同伴，也会改变大脑中的奖励反应，以及青少年的冒险倾向。有些人似乎比其他人更容易受到影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感)”可知，青少年有冒险倾向，易受影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感，这都是在讲青少年时期不好的地方，A选项“青春期是一个非常危险的时期。”切合语境，与下文“But it’s also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others. (但如果同伴的影响能让青少年更多地参与社区或帮助他们学习与他人相处的行为，那么同伴的影响也能帮助他们茁壮成长)”讲青少年也能成为积极力量形成对比。故选A项。
【19题详解】
结合下文“High quality friendships provide understanding, support, and recognition of your self-worth. These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying. (高质量的友谊提供对自我价值的理解、支持和认可。这些类型的友谊更稳定、更令人满意)”描述了什么是高质量的友谊，可推知该空应该承接上文“Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality. (你觉得想要放弃的友谊可能质量很低)”讲低质量的友谊是怎么样的，E选项“它们与学习成绩不佳和行为问题有关。”切合语境，上下文形成对比。故选E项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people. Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people, we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves. (与朋友共度时光对人们尤其有帮助。注意到我们的行为受到他人的影响，我们可以有意识地把注意力集中在那些正在做我们想做的事情的人身上)”可知，同龄人相处有积极作用，青少年可以通过相处交流对他人产生影响，F选项“分享你的健康习惯也会对他人产生真正的影响。”切合语境。故选F项。