《备战2024年高考英语名校真题零失误规范训练》（广东专用）
专题03 阅读理解说明文3年20题+最新模拟80题（真题+模拟）
解析版
目 录
技能专区 1
真题专区 1
模拟专区 9
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
一、阅读理解说明文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。
二、数据计算题注重“原文定位”和“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。
三、重视说明文“倒三角形”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特作用。
四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。
五、说明文长难句较多增加了理解的难度，落实“括号法”，（从句）（非谓语）
（介词短语）（名词短语）。
六、规范训练目标：做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时6分钟/每篇。
真题专区：练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数！
（2023·新高考I卷）The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
28. What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
【答案】28. B29. A30. C31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
28.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
29.词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. (这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
30.推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. (在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。
31.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. (你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式)”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
（2023·新高考I卷）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
34. What did the follow-up study focus on
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
【答案】32. B33. D34. C35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
32.主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and come to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.(这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而导致更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
33.细节理解题。根据第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.(从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。)”和第三段的“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.(这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
34.推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds (在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗？)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.(尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
（2022·新高考I卷）The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpose of the project
A. To ensure harmony in care homes.
B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research.
D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A. She has learned new life skills.
B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory.
D. She has developed a strong personality.
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
【答案】28 D29. B30. C31. A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。
28. D。推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing (该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的幸福。故选D。
29. B。推理判断题。根据文章第五段““It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.” (有不同的关注点很好。人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们。我喜欢创造性的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好)”可推知，Ruth Xavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。故选B。
30. C。词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“one of the first (第一批人之一)”可知Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin (开始)”含义相近。故选C。
31. A。推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” (“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩 刘易斯说:我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来)”可知，该项目的反响很好。故选A。
（2022·新高考I卷）Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
【答案】32. D33. C34. A35. C
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。
32. D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and "v", were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.（30多年前，学者Charles Hockett注意到，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见。现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的Damian Blasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因。）”可知Damian Blasi的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D。
33. C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure , making it easier to produce such sounds.（他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音）”可知，因为古代成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
34. A。主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the so Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v”increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.（对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现）”可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一步证明研究结果。故选A。
35. C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.（研究小组成员Steven Moran说:“自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。”）”可知，Steven Moran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。
（2021·新高考I卷）When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down.
B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting.
D. The government has collected money.
31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
【答案】28-31 ACDA
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由于栖息地减少，美国水禽骤减，因此联邦发行鸭票，狩猎者只有购买鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护水禽。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段“Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.(数百万只水禽被市场猎人和一些野心勃勃的运动员杀死。数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，以养活和安置不断增加的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地)”可知，数百万英亩的湿地被抽干用作农地或者修建住房，导致水禽的栖息地减少，水禽数量下降。故选A。
29. 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.(美洲原住民明智地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。不幸的是，仅仅几十年的探险家和定居者就decimate这些资源的大部分)”可知，前后句形成转折，前一句陈述美洲原住民保护这些宝贵的自然资源，所以后句表示探险家和定居者破坏了这些自然资源，推测划线单词表示“破坏”，与destroy同义。故选C。
30.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.(自1934年以来，已有超过5亿美元投入该基金，用于购买500多万英亩的栖息地)”可知，自1934年通过法案，政府获得超过5亿美元，已经筹集了很多资金，以购买水禽栖息地。故选D。
31.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. (根据该法案，所有16岁及以上的水禽猎人必须每年购买并携带联邦鸭章)”以及第三段“Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.(难怪联邦鸭票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一)”可知，本文主要讲述了联邦鸭票的故事，所以“联邦鸭票的故事”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！
（2024上·广东深圳·高三统考期末）While conducting a survey by airplane of northern Guatemala, researchers detected an ancient Maya site. “We can now see the entire landscape of the Maya region” in this section of Guatemala, said Carlos Morales-Aguilar, one of the researchers from the Department of Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas.
The findings were the result of the survey using lidar (雷达), or light detection and ranging, which has been revolutionary for studying historic sites. In lidar, lasers are sent out and the reflected light is used to create imagery of a landscape. The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in maya site, as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy, the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest.
The lidar data showed “for the first time an area that was integrated politically and economically, and never seen before in other places in the Western Hemisphere (西半球),” Carlos wrote in the study. Using data from the scans, the team identified more than 1,000 settlements dotting the region. They were interconnected by 100 miles of causeways that the Maya likely traveled on foot. They also detected the remains of several large platforms and pyramids, along with canals and reservoirs used for water collection.
So what made this region so attractive that the Maya would want to settle there in the first place
“For the Maya, the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin was the ‘Goldilocks Zone’,” Ross Ensley wrote, partner of Carlos, a geologist from the Institute for Geological Study of the Maya Lowlands in Houston, Texas. “The Maya settled in this region because it had the right mix of uplands for settlement and lowlands for agriculture.” Uplands lie above the level where flooding occurs. They provided a source for limestone, their primary building material, and dry land to live on. The lowlands are mostly seasonal swamps (沼泽), which provided space for wetland agriculture as well as organic-rich soil for use in terraced agriculture.
Researchers hope lidar technology will help them explore sections of Guatemala that have remained a mystery for centuries.
1. Why did the researchers use lidar in the survey
A. It detects a wide range of lasers. B. It pictures quick and clear imagery.
C. It passes lights through forests easily. D. It improves the visibility of rainforests.
2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Why Maya drew great attention. B. How Maya people made a living.
C. The research process after surveying the Maya. D. The findings through observing the Maya region.
3. What can we infer about the Maya people according to Ross Ensley
A. They transformed the land to survive. B. They were good at upland agriculture.
C. They preferred to build houses using limestone. D. They made a sound choice about where to settle.
4. Which is the best title for the text
A. The Perfect Habitat for the Maya People
B. The Secrets of the Ancient Maya Civilization
C. Revolutionary Use of Lidar Reveals Maya Settlements
D. Lidar Technology Unlocks New Discoveries of Rainforests
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员利用激光雷达发现了一处玛雅人遗址。文章介绍了激光雷达的优势以及观察玛雅地区的发现。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in maya site, as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy, the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest.(这项技术在能见度有限的地区尤其有用，比如玛雅遗址的雨林，因为激光可以进入厚重的树冠，即森林中由枝叶繁茂的上层树枝形成的厚厚的覆盖物)”可知，研究人员在调查中使用激光雷达是因为它能轻易地将光线穿过森林。故选C。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The lidar data showed “for the first time an area that was integrated politically and economically, and never seen before in other places in the Western Hemisphere (西半球),” Carlos wrote in the study. Using data from the scans, the team identified more than 1, 000 settlements dotting the region. They were interconnected by 100 miles of causeways that the Maya likely traveled on foot. They also detected the remains of several large platforms and pyramids, along with canals and reservoirs used for water collection.(卡洛斯在研究中写道，激光雷达数据“首次显示了一个政治和经济一体化的地区，在西半球的其他地方从未见过”。利用扫描数据，研究小组确定了该地区分布着1000多个定居点。它们由长达100英里的堤道相连，玛雅人可能是步行走过的。他们还发现了几个大型平台和金字塔的遗迹，以及用于收集水的运河和水库)”可知，第三段的主要内容是通过观察玛雅地区的发现。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““For the Maya, the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin was the ‘Goldilocks Zone’,” Ross Ensley wrote, partner of Carlos, a geologist from the Institute for Geological Study of the Maya Lowlands in Houston, Texas. “The Maya settled in this region because it had the right mix of uplands for settlement and lowlands for agriculture.”(“对玛雅人来说，米拉多-卡拉克穆尔喀斯特盆地是‘金发姑娘地带’，”罗斯 恩斯利写道，他是卡洛斯的合伙人，卡洛斯是德克萨斯州休斯顿玛雅低地地质研究所的地质学家。“玛雅人在这个地区定居，因为这里有适合定居的高地和适合农业的低地。”)”可推知，玛雅人对在哪里定居做出了明智的选择。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“While conducting a survey by airplane of northern Guatemala, researchers detected an ancient Maya site.(研究人员乘飞机在危地马拉北部进行调查时，发现了一个古玛雅遗址)”以及第二段“The findings were the result of the survey using lidar (雷达), or light detection and ranging, which has been revolutionary for studying historic sites.(这一发现是利用激光雷达（光探测和测距）进行调查的结果，激光雷达在研究历史遗迹方面具有革命性意义)”结合文章主要说明了研究人员利用激光雷达发现了一处玛雅人遗址。文章介绍了激光雷达的优势以及观察玛雅地区的发现。可知，C选项“激光雷达的革命性使用揭示了玛雅定居点”最符合文章标题。故选C。
（2024上·广东深圳·高三统考期末）After the death of her nature-loving mother, Margaret Renkl tenderly placed in an antique jar the “soft white hair” left behind in her mother’s hairbrush. Years passed. When it no longer carried the scent (气味) she treasured, Renkl laid the hair across a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitation to the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A bird used the hair for the nest it was building.
Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful interaction of human and other animal lives at the heart of The Comfort of Crows. Starting in winter and continuing through the seasonal round, Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her love for the animals and plants in her half-acre (半英亩) yard in Tennessee and in nearby parks. Equally moving, she admits her desperation at the human-caused crisis the natural world faces, and her determination not to back off.
Her determination is more than lip service. She cures a neighborhood fox against a skin disease, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from an animal doctor; ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are not gathered so that insects overwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in support of monarch butterflies.
With these steps, Renkl refuses to give up in the face of human-caused global warming that is changing our environment and harming other species. In these days of climate crisis, the phenomenon of ecological anxiety is real. In order to seize opportunities to help, many of us do require fuel to restore our spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters of The Comfort of Crows. The animals and plants so cherished by Renkl need us now more than ever.
5. What is the central theme of Renkl’s The Comfort of Crows
A. Personal preference towards country life. B. Fond memories of close family members.
C. Profound disappointment at climate crisis. D. Amazing interactions between man and nature.
6. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Renkl’s efforts in protecting animals. B. Renkl’s service in the neighborhood.
C. Renkl’s attempts to treat an injured fox. D. Renkl’s determination to preserve the yard.
7. What is Renkl’s attitude towards global warming
A. Indifferent yet realistic. B. Concerned yet active.
C. Pessimistic yet tolerant. D. Regretful yet hopeful.
8. What is the purpose of this text
A. To introduce the beauty of rural life. B. To present the daily routine of Renkl.
C. To recommend an inspirational book. D. To provide advice on nature protection.
【答案】5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。
5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful interaction of human and other animal lives at the heart of The Comfort of Crows.(Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动，这是《乌鸦的安慰》的核心)”可知，Renkl的the Comfort of Crows的中心主题是人与自然的惊人互动。故选D。
6. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Her determination is more than lip service. She cures a neighborhood fox against a skin disease, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from an animal doctor; ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are not gathered so that insects overwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in support of monarch butterflies.(她的决心不只是说说而已。她用一个陷阱、一点熏肉和一位动物医生的建议，治好了邻居家一只狐狸的皮肤病；确保她院子里的树叶不会被收集起来，这样越冬的昆虫和饥饿的鸟儿就可以在那里吃饭了;在花园里种满马利筋，以支持帝王蝶)”可知，第三段的主要内容是Renkl在保护动物方面的努力。故选A。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“With these steps, Renkl refuses to give up in the face of human-caused global warming that is changing our environment and harming other species. In these days of climate crisis, the phenomenon of ecological anxiety is real. In order to seize opportunities to help, many of us do require fuel to restore our spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters of The Comfort of Crows. The animals and plants so cherished by Renkl need us now more than ever.(面对人类造成的全球变暖正在改变我们的环境并伤害其他物种，Renkl拒绝放弃这些步骤。在气候危机的今天，生态焦虑的现象是真实的。为了抓住机会提供帮助，我们中的许多人确实需要动力来恢复我们的精神。在Renkl的《乌鸦的安慰》章节中找到动力。Renkl珍惜的动物和植物现在比以往任何时候都更需要我们)”可推知，Renkl对全球变暖的态度是担忧的，但是Renkl也指出应该找到动力来保护动植物，体现了积极的一面。故选B。
8. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful interaction of human and other animal lives at the heart of The Comfort of Crows.(Renkl只用了半页纸来讲述这个故事，但它传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动，这是《乌鸦的安慰》的核心)”结合文章主要介绍了Margaret Renkl写的《乌鸦的安慰》一书，传达了人类和其他动物生活的美好互动。可推知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本励志书。故选C。
（2024上·广东梅州·高三统考期末）Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads, a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.
Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.
In previous studies, Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal (时间的) coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don’t provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.
“If we collect and process more high-resolution (高清) spatial information about what’s happening on the roads, then planners could better understand changes in demand, effectively improving efficiency in the broader transportation system,” said Keith Redmill, lead author of the study.
“If we can measure traffic in a way that is as good or better than what is conventionally done with fixed sensors, then we will have created something incredibly useful extremely cheaply,” he said. “Our goal is to start building a system that could do this without much manual intervention because if you want to collect this information over lots of potential vehicles and lots of time, it’s worth fully automating that process.”
While still a long way from total implementation (实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear promise for the future of intelligent traffic surveillance. Transportation planners, engineers and operators make vital decisions about the future of our roadways, so when designing transportation systems to work over the next 30 to 50 years, it’s necessary that we give them data that allows them to improve the efficiency of the system and the level of service provided to travelers.
9. How can cameras on buses benefit travelers
A. By shortening their travel time.
B. By making their schedules tight.
C. By decreasing their transport cost.
D. By improving their safety awareness.
10. What can we know about the sensors placed on buses
A. They provide more spatial coverage.
B. They can’t detect objects on the road.
C. They cover less view of the urban traffic.
D. They accurately record the flow of traffic.
11. What does the underlined word “surveillance” in paragraph 6 mean
A. Operation. B. Monitoring. C. Protection. D. Arrangement.
12. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Transportation automation is on its way
B. It is time to improve the efficiency of traffic system
C. Transportation planners use cameras to make policies
D. Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic
【答案】9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。
9. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads, a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.(研究人员提出了一种计算和跟踪公共道路上车辆的新方法，这一发展可以改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地)”可知，研究人员提出的是一种新的方法即在巴士上的摄像头能够帮助旅行者更快的到达目的地，即缩短出行时间。故选A。
10. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In previous studies, Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal (时间的) coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don’t provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.(在之前的研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员发现，使用这些移动摄像头可以提供更好的空间和时间覆盖，而不是依赖于通常临时放置的传感器，这些传感器不能提供城市中许多街道和道路的视图)”可知，安装在公交车上的传感器不能提供城市中许多道路和街道的视图。由此推知，它们对城市交通的覆盖较少。故选C。
11. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.(俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)”以及划线词前面的内容“While still a long way from total implementation(实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear promise for the future ...(虽然距离全面实施还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来充满希望…)”可知，安装在公交车上的摄像头能够自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆，虽然距离全面实施这项技术还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来的交通监控室充满希望的。故划线词与B选项“Monitoring.(监控)”为同义词。故选B。
12. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.( 俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。由此可知，D选项“Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic(安装在公交车上的摄像头可以更好地测量交通状况)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选D。
（2023上·广东·高三校联考期末）Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along roadsides and through backyards.
In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state. It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows — forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
“Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys,” says Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
Instead, New Hampshire’s turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45,000 animals — the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach. Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story — there are 70,000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50,000 in Vermont, and more than 30,000 in Massachusetts — all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it’s due to the bird’s surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans. In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people — particularly birdseed. Besides, it doesn’t hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey’s range.
But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts — twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
13. What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A. Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B. Ted Walski’s reintroduction policy and its effects.
C. Turkeys’ inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D. Native predators’ occupation of most parts of turkeys’ range.
14. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
A. Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B. The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C. Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people’s expectations.
D. They feed on adequate food from human beings.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B. Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C. Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D. Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
16. What is the main idea of the text
A. New England witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B. The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C. Wild turkeys’ sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D. There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
【答案】13. A 14. D 15. D 16. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了内战前森林消失和不受限制的狩猎使火鸡在新英格兰灭绝，但是如今火鸡与人类生活在一起，造成了许多冲突。
13. 细节理解题。根据第二段“It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows — forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.(这是重新引进一种物种的努力的一部分，这种物种在内战前在新英格兰灭绝，在那里它曾经遭受沉重的打击——森林因不明原因消失，人们随意的狩猎方式)”可知，内战前森林消失和不受限制的狩猎使火鸡在新英格兰灭绝。故选A。
14. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people — particularly birdseed.(在郊区，火鸡可以利用边缘栖息地，如树林和开阔的空间，并以人类提供的永无止境的食物自助餐为食——尤其是鸟食)”可知，D选项“它们以人类提供的充足食物为食”正确。故选D。
15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.(随着这些20磅重的鸟与人类之间的冲突不断增加，特别是在春季繁殖季节，野生动物官员正试图应对火鸡留在这里的现实)”可推知，将采取措施解决火鸡和人类之间的冲突。故选D。
16. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts — twice.(但并不是所有人都对新英格兰的火鸡热潮心存感激。这种臭名昭著的大胆的鸟是麻烦的，扰乱交通，啄前门，以及潜在的危险。2019年，一名35岁的孕妇在马萨诸塞州剑桥街头被火鸡袭击了两次)”结合文章主要说明了内战前森林消失和不受限制的狩猎使火鸡在新英格兰灭绝，但是如今火鸡与人类生活在一起，造成了许多冲突。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是新英格兰见证了火鸡的繁荣，但并不是所有人都欣赏它。故选A。
（2023上·广东·高三校联考期末）Ryan is a good kid. He gets great grades, he plays lacrosse (长曲棍球), and he is well-liked. So Jennifer and her husband didn’t see any reason why their sixth-grade son couldn’t have an Instagram account, until Ryan posted a photo of himself holding an empty beer bottle that his father had just finished. “My husband saw the photo pop up on Ryan’s account and went up the stairs in seconds, demanding that he should take it down,” Jennifer says. “I don’t think my son realized how bad his picture looked. He was trying to be funny, but he’s in sixth grade! Even if he was simply posing, that picture was inappropriate.”
With the popularity of photo-sharing site Instagram, it’s easy for parents to have a false sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, Instagram is only for posting pictures and with the 13+ age requirement and privacy feature, so it seems like an almost harmless site for children. How much trouble could they stir up But that’s not the fact.
Shockingly, some kids are paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor found a mysterious $700 charge on her credit card, the last thing she suspected it to be was payment to a company that helped acquire “likes” on Instagram pictures. “My son Hayden thought it was only ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” says Pryor.
Often, it’s not your own teen that’s cause for concern — it’s someone else’s kid. Megan Koster couldn’t figure out why her daughter Delaney suddenly became so anxious about whether her panty line could be seen through her jeans. Finally, Delaney said that she was worried someone would take a photo and post it on Instagram. “I don’t think I would have survived middle school if sites like this had existed back then,” Koster says.
17. What made Jennifer think her son Ryan could have an Instagram account
A. He gained popularity in school. B. He was skilled at using Instagram.
C. He showed interest in taking photos. D. He was old enough and behaved well.
18. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Instagram accounts. B. Social media. C. Pictures. D. Children.
19. Why did Pryor’s son pay the company $700
A. To obtain the picture he liked. B. To pay attention to social media.
C. To get his photos noticed and liked. D. To pay the charge on his credit card.
20. What’s the text mainly about
A. Teen’s problems with Instagram. B. Inappropriate pictures from children.
C. The influence of the Internet on young users. D. Concerns for the Internet security for children.
【答案】17. D 18. D 19. C 20. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年使用Instagram所带来的一些问题。
17. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Ryan is a good kid. He gets great grades, he plays lacrosse (长曲棍球), and he is well-liked. So Jennifer and her husband didn’t see any reason why their sixth-grade son couldn’t have an Instagram account, until Ryan posted a photo of himself holding an empty beer bottle that his father had just finished.(赖安是个好孩子。他成绩很好，他打长曲棍球，他很受欢迎。所以詹妮弗和她的丈夫不明白为什么他们六年级的儿子不能有一个Instagram账户，直到瑞恩发了一张他拿着一个空啤酒瓶的照片，他的父亲刚刚喝完)”可知，Ryan年龄够大并且表现得很好让Jennifer认为她的儿子Ryan可以有一个Instagram账号。故选D。
18. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Unlike Facebook or Twitter, Instagram is only for posting pictures and with the 13+age requirement and privacy feature, so it seems like an almost harmless site for children.”可知，与Facebook或Twitter不同，Instagram仅用于发布照片，并且有13岁以上的年龄要求和隐私功能，因此对儿童来说，它似乎是一个几乎无害的网站。由此可知，“他们能挑起多少麻烦？”中的they指的是“孩子们”。故选D。
19. 细节理解题。根据第三段“When Paula Pryor found a mysterious $700 charge on her credit card, the last thing she suspected it to be was payment to a company that helped acquire “likes” on Instagram pictures.(当宝拉·普赖尔在自己的信用卡上发现一笔700美元的神秘费用时，她万万没想到这是支付给一家帮助获得Instagram照片“赞”的公司的款项)”可知，普赖尔的儿子付给公司700美元是为了让他的照片受到关注和喜欢。故选C。
20. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“With the popularity of photo-sharing site Instagram, it’s easy for parents to have a false sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, Instagram is only for posting pictures and with the 13+age requirement and privacy feature, so it seems like an almost harmless site for children. How much trouble could they stir up But that’s not the fact.(随着照片分享网站Instagram的普及，家长们很容易产生一种虚假的安全感。与Facebook或Twitter不同，Instagram仅用于发布照片，并且有13岁以上的年龄要求和隐私功能，因此对儿童来说，它似乎是一个几乎无害的网站。他们能挑起多少麻烦？但事实并非如此)”可知，文章主要说明了青少年使用Instagram所带来的一些问题。故选A。
（2024·广东茂名·统考一模）Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.
“BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile. “Large constellations (星座) of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.
Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove. This could lead to loss of data from the affected pixels (像素). But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites. Besides, the team notes the radio frequencies used by BlueWalker 3 are close to those used for radio astronomy, raising the possibility that such satellites could cause interference.
While BlueWalker 3 was folded when it was launched last year, once in space it opened up to reveal a huge surface area that reflected sunlight. Tregloan-Reed added that even if all the reflective brightness of all satellites was reduced to below the level visible by the naked eye, “the sky background glow will increase due to the accumulative effect of having hundreds of thousands of satellites from various operators from many countries in low Earth orbit. It is disastrous!”
BlueWalker 3, built by AST Space Mobile, is just the first one to be launched. The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!
21. What can we know about BlueWalker 3
A. It threatens the sunlight. B. It was invented by Dr. Jeremy.
C. It is brighter than Procyon and Achernar. D. It is visible in urban skies when passing overhead.
22. The brightness of BlueWalker 3 is most likely to affect ________.
A. earth orbit B. space observation
C. radio frequency D. satellite communication
23. Concerning the plan of BlueBirds, what might the author agree with
A. It has potential drawbacks. B. It is bound to be accomplished.
C. It is irreplaceable for astronomy. D. It provides network service for the world.
24. What’s the best title of the passage
A. BlueWalker 3—A Bright and Dark “Star” B. BlueWalker 3—The Most Valuable Satellite
C. The Night Sky—Glowing with BlueWalker 3 D. The Night Sky—Heavily Polluted by BlueWalker 3
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BlueWalker 3成为从地球可见的最亮的通信卫星和它带来的一些不利影响。
21. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句““BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile.(智利阿塔卡马大学这项研究的合著者杰里米·特雷格洛安·里德博士说：“在黑暗的天空和城市的天空都能看到BlueWalker 3，尽管在城市环境中，这将仅限于BlueWalker 3从头顶经过的时候。”)”可知，BlueWalker 3从城市上空经过时可以被看到。故选D。
22. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove.( Tregloan-Reed说，大的反射亮度意味着，当卫星穿过望远镜的探测器时，它会留下一个标记，即使可能，也很难去除)”以及“But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites.(但他说，天基天文学也面临着来自这类卫星的挑战，他指出，哈勃望远镜的观测越来越多地受到星链卫星标记的影响)”可知，BlueWalker 3的亮度最有可能影响空间观测。故选B。
23. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It is disastrous!(这是灾难性的！)”以及最后一段“The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!( 该公司正在计划一个名为BlueBirds的卫星星座，由100多颗类似的卫星组成，旨在为全球提供卫星网络服务。你可以想象到那时的夜空将会多亮！)”可知， BlueWalker 3只是BlueBirds卫星群100多颗卫星中的一个，可想而知，当所有卫星都上天后，夜空将会变得多亮! 故可推知，作者认为BlueBirds有潜在的缺点。故选A。
24. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.(研究人员发现，太空通信设备反射的太阳光对天文学的威胁越来越大。其中一个这样的设备是一颗名为BlueWalker 3的通信卫星，它是目前从地球上可见的最亮的物体之一，其亮度与夜空中最亮的两颗恒星——Procyon和Achemar相当)”以及第二段““Large constellations (星座) of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.(该研究的作者写道:“近地轨道上大量明亮的人造卫星对地面天文学构成了重大挑战。”)”结合文章主要介绍了BlueWalker 3成为从地球可见的最亮的通信卫星和它带来的一些不利影响。故A选项“BlueWalker 3——一个既明亮又黑暗的‘星星’”最符合文章标题。故选A。
（2024上·广东·高三校联考期末）Medical artificial intelligence (AI) can perform with expert-level accuracy and deliver cost-effective care. IBM’s Watson diagnoses (诊断) heart disease better than cardiologists (心脏病专家) do. Chatbots give better medical advice to patients in place of nurses. Some forecast that medical AI will enter 90% of hospitals and replace as much as 80% of what doctors currently do. Yet, as our recent research suggests, patients show a strong resistance to medical AI.
The reason, we found, is not the belief that AI provides lower care. Nor is it that patients think that AI is more costly or less informative. Rather, resistance to medical AI seems to come from a belief that AI does not take into account one’s specific circumstances. People view themselves as unique. By contrast, they think medical care delivered by AI providers is suited to treat an average patient but unsuitable to account for the unique circumstances that apply to an individual. No wonder that medical AI providers are given a cold welcome.
There are a number of steps that care providers can take to overcome patients’ resistance to medical AI. For example, if an AI provider is capable of tailoring its recommendation for whether to have a surgery to each patient’s unique characteristics and medical history, patients would be likely to follow the treatment recommendations of the AI provider. In addition, health care providers could also deliver individualized health care by explaining how the algorithms (算法) work and sharing patients’ reviews with the media. Having a physician confirm the recommendation of an AI provider should make people more willing to accept AI-based care. People are comfortable using medical AI if a physician remains in charge of the ultimate decision.
AI-based health care technologies are being developed and employed at an impressive rate, providing better medical services for the patients. But harnessing the full potential of them will require that we first overcome patients’ doubt of having an algorithm, rather than a person making decisions about their care.
25. What made people resist the medical AI
A. A sufferer’s temper ignored by medical AI.
B. People’s lasting trust in a human doctor’s ability.
C. The concern about its personalization in treatment.
D. The accuracy of the information from medical AI.
26. What can be a solution to patients’ resistance according to the author
A. Treating sufferers as average patients.
B. Providing a more specific treatment.
C. Getting the algorithms prioritized in time.
D. Keeping away from the influence of a physician.
27. Which word can replace the underlined word “harnessing” in the last paragraph
A. Weakening. B. Storing. C. Destroying. D. Using.
28. What is the suitable title for the text
A. Advantages of Medical AI
B. Potential Application of AI
C. How AI Replaces Nurses in Healthcare
D. The Challenge That Medical AI Faces
【答案】25. C 26. B 27. D 28. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然医疗人工智能可以提供较好的医疗服务，但是患者有强烈的抵触，其原因在于人们担心它无法提供个性化治疗，因此要想充分发挥医疗人工智能的潜力，需要首先解决患者对它的抵触。
25. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Rather, resistance to medical AI seems to come from a belief that AI does not take into account one’s specific circumstances. People view themselves as unique. By contrast, they think medical care delivered by AI providers is suited to treat an average patient but unsuitable to account for the unique circumstances that apply to an individual. (相反，对医疗人工智能的抵制似乎来自一种信念，即人工智能不会考虑到个人的具体情况。人们认为自己是独一无二的。相比之下，他们认为人工智能提供者提供的医疗服务适合治疗普通患者，但不适合解释适用于个人的独特情况)”可知，人们担心医疗人工智能无法提供适合个人的个性化治疗，因此抵触它。故选C项。
26. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, if an AI provider is capable of tailoring its recommendation for whether to have a surgery to each patient’s unique characteristics and medical history, patients would be likely to follow the treatment recommendations of the AI provider. (例如，如果人工智能提供者能够根据每个患者的独特特征和病史量身定制是否进行手术的建议，那么患者可能会遵循人工智能提供者的治疗建议)”可知，作者认为根据患者的具体情况提供更具体的治疗，可能可以解决患者对医疗人工智能的抵触。故选B项。
27. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“AI-based health care technologies are being developed and employed at an impressive rate, providing better medical services for the patients. (基于人工智能的医疗保健技术正在以惊人的速度发展和应用，为患者提供更好的医疗服务)”和下文“that we first overcome patients’ doubt of having an algorithm, rather than a person making decisions about their care (我们首先要克服病人对由算法而非人来决定他们的护理的怀疑)”可知，此处先肯定医疗人工智能的发展可以带来更好的医疗服务，再提出要解决人们对医疗人工智能的怀疑。由此推知，该解决方法的目的在于充分利用医疗人工智能的潜能，画线词意思应该与use“使用，利用”一致。故选D项。
28. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段先介绍虽然医疗人工智能可以提供较好的医疗服务，但是患者强烈抵触医疗人工智能，第二段分析了这种抵触背后的原因，第三段从原因入手提出相应的解决方法，最后一段总结我们需要消除患者的强烈抵触，才能充分利用医疗人工智能。因此，D项“医疗人工智能面临的挑战”契合文章主要内容，最适合作为标题。故选D项。
（2024·广东肇庆·统考二模）“He is a giant of the 20th-century art, but that doesn’t mean he only did big paintings, said Lynn Miller, director of Rochester Central Gallery, in an interview last Thursday.
Entitled “Picasso and His Drafts”, a special exhibit marking 50 years since the death of Pablo Picasso is held at the gallery this month. Instead of his paintings, the notebooks on which the Spanish legendary artist drew drafts are shown to the public for the first time.
Matchbox covers, postcards, restaurant napkins all served as drafting notes for the artist at moments of inspiration. It is important to know that each of the 14 notebooks presented reflects what was going on in his life.
For example, a tiny notebook whose size is just 3 by 5 inches stands out among the exhibits. Inside the little book was a self-portrait of the artist finished roughly in pencil, with deep and thoughtful eyes. It was done in 1918 and Picasso, then in his mid-30s, had just got married. He produced big-sized artworks but he also kept this tiny notebook around, filling it with scenes of his wife, their friends, the beach and the town, and drafts of upcoming paintings. Actually, many of the draft drawings are early versions of famed paintings like Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907) and Dora Maar in an Armchair (1939).
“He is a great artist of the《备战2024年高考英语名校真题零失误规范训练》（广东专用）
专题03 阅读理解说明文3年20题+最新模拟80题（真题+模拟）
原句版
目 录
技能专区 1
真题专区 1
模拟专区 9
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
一、阅读理解说明文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。
二、数据计算题注重“原文定位”和“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。
三、重视说明文“倒三角形”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特作用。
四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。
五、说明文长难句较多增加了理解的难度，落实“括号法”，（从句）（非谓语）
（介词短语）（名词短语）。
六、规范训练目标：做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时6分钟/每篇。
真题专区：练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数！
（2023·新高考I卷）The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
28. What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
（2023·新高考I卷）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
34. What did the follow-up study focus on
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
（2022·新高考I卷）The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpose of the project
A. To ensure harmony in care homes.
B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research.
D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A. She has learned new life skills.
B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory.
D. She has developed a strong personality.
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
（2022·新高考I卷）Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
（2021·新高考I卷）When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down.
B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting.
D. The government has collected money.
31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！
（2024上·广东深圳·高三统考期末）While conducting a survey by airplane of northern Guatemala, researchers detected an ancient Maya site. “We can now see the entire landscape of the Maya region” in this section of Guatemala, said Carlos Morales-Aguilar, one of the researchers from the Department of Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas.
The findings were the result of the survey using lidar (雷达), or light detection and ranging, which has been revolutionary for studying historic sites. In lidar, lasers are sent out and the reflected light is used to create imagery of a landscape. The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in maya site, as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy, the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest.
The lidar data showed “for the first time an area that was integrated politically and economically, and never seen before in other places in the Western Hemisphere (西半球),” Carlos wrote in the study. Using data from the scans, the team identified more than 1,000 settlements dotting the region. They were interconnected by 100 miles of causeways that the Maya likely traveled on foot. They also detected the remains of several large platforms and pyramids, along with canals and reservoirs used for water collection.
So what made this region so attractive that the Maya would want to settle there in the first place
“For the Maya, the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin was the ‘Goldilocks Zone’,” Ross Ensley wrote, partner of Carlos, a geologist from the Institute for Geological Study of the Maya Lowlands in Houston, Texas. “The Maya settled in this region because it had the right mix of uplands for settlement and lowlands for agriculture.” Uplands lie above the level where flooding occurs. They provided a source for limestone, their primary building material, and dry land to live on. The lowlands are mostly seasonal swamps (沼泽), which provided space for wetland agriculture as well as organic-rich soil for use in terraced agriculture.
Researchers hope lidar technology will help them explore sections of Guatemala that have remained a mystery for centuries.
1. Why did the researchers use lidar in the survey
A. It detects a wide range of lasers. B. It pictures quick and clear imagery.
C. It passes lights through forests easily. D. It improves the visibility of rainforests.
2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Why Maya drew great attention. B. How Maya people made a living.
C. The research process after surveying the Maya. D. The findings through observing the Maya region.
3. What can we infer about the Maya people according to Ross Ensley
A. They transformed the land to survive. B. They were good at upland agriculture.
C. They preferred to build houses using limestone. D. They made a sound choice about where to settle.
4. Which is the best title for the text
A. The Perfect Habitat for the Maya People
B. The Secrets of the Ancient Maya Civilization
C. Revolutionary Use of Lidar Reveals Maya Settlements
D. Lidar Technology Unlocks New Discoveries of Rainforests
（2024上·广东深圳·高三统考期末）After the death of her nature-loving mother, Margaret Renkl tenderly placed in an antique jar the “soft white hair” left behind in her mother’s hairbrush. Years passed. When it no longer carried the scent (气味) she treasured, Renkl laid the hair across a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitation to the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A bird used the hair for the nest it was building.
Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful interaction of human and other animal lives at the heart of The Comfort of Crows. Starting in winter and continuing through the seasonal round, Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her love for the animals and plants in her half-acre (半英亩) yard in Tennessee and in nearby parks. Equally moving, she admits her desperation at the human-caused crisis the natural world faces, and her determination not to back off.
Her determination is more than lip service. She cures a neighborhood fox against a skin disease, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from an animal doctor; ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are not gathered so that insects overwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in support of monarch butterflies.
With these steps, Renkl refuses to give up in the face of human-caused global warming that is changing our environment and harming other species. In these days of climate crisis, the phenomenon of ecological anxiety is real. In order to seize opportunities to help, many of us do require fuel to restore our spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl’s chapters of The Comfort of Crows. The animals and plants so cherished by Renkl need us now more than ever.
5. What is the central theme of Renkl’s The Comfort of Crows
A. Personal preference towards country life. B. Fond memories of close family members.
C. Profound disappointment at climate crisis. D. Amazing interactions between man and nature.
6. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Renkl’s efforts in protecting animals. B. Renkl’s service in the neighborhood.
C. Renkl’s attempts to treat an injured fox. D. Renkl’s determination to preserve the yard.
7. What is Renkl’s attitude towards global warming
A. Indifferent yet realistic. B. Concerned yet active.
C. Pessimistic yet tolerant. D. Regretful yet hopeful.
8. What is the purpose of this text
A. To introduce the beauty of rural life. B. To present the daily routine of Renkl.
C. To recommend an inspirational book. D. To provide advice on nature protection.
（2024上·广东梅州·高三统考期末）Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads, a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.
Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.
In previous studies, Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal (时间的) coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don’t provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.
“If we collect and process more high-resolution (高清) spatial information about what’s happening on the roads, then planners could better understand changes in demand, effectively improving efficiency in the broader transportation system,” said Keith Redmill, lead author of the study.
“If we can measure traffic in a way that is as good or better than what is conventionally done with fixed sensors, then we will have created something incredibly useful extremely cheaply,” he said. “Our goal is to start building a system that could do this without much manual intervention because if you want to collect this information over lots of potential vehicles and lots of time, it’s worth fully automating that process.”
While still a long way from total implementation (实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear promise for the future of intelligent traffic surveillance. Transportation planners, engineers and operators make vital decisions about the future of our roadways, so when designing transportation systems to work over the next 30 to 50 years, it’s necessary that we give them data that allows them to improve the efficiency of the system and the level of service provided to travelers.
9. How can cameras on buses benefit travelers
A. By shortening their travel time.
B. By making their schedules tight.
C. By decreasing their transport cost.
D. By improving their safety awareness.
10. What can we know about the sensors placed on buses
A. They provide more spatial coverage.
B. They can’t detect objects on the road.
C. They cover less view of the urban traffic.
D. They accurately record the flow of traffic.
11. What does the underlined word “surveillance” in paragraph 6 mean
A. Operation. B. Monitoring. C. Protection. D. Arrangement.
12. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Transportation automation is on its way
B. It is time to improve the efficiency of traffic system
C. Transportation planners use cameras to make policies
D. Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic
（2023上·广东·高三校联考期末）Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along roadsides and through backyards.
In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state. It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows — forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
“Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys,” says Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
Instead, New Hampshire’s turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45,000 animals — the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach. Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story — there are 70,000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50,000 in Vermont, and more than 30,000 in Massachusetts — all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
So what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it’s due to the bird’s surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans. In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people — particularly birdseed. Besides, it doesn’t hurt that native predators, such as wolves and cougars, have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey’s range.
But everyone is not thankful for the New England turkey boom. The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous. In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts — twice. As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
13. What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War
A. Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B. Ted Walski’s reintroduction policy and its effects.
C. Turkeys’ inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D. Native predators’ occupation of most parts of turkeys’ range.
14. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys
A. Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B. The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C. Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people’s expectations.
D. They feed on adequate food from human beings.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B. Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C. Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D. Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
16. What is the main idea of the text
A. New England witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B. The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C. Wild turkeys’ sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D. There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
（2023上·广东·高三校联考期末）Ryan is a good kid. He gets great grades, he plays lacrosse (长曲棍球), and he is well-liked. So Jennifer and her husband didn’t see any reason why their sixth-grade son couldn’t have an Instagram account, until Ryan posted a photo of himself holding an empty beer bottle that his father had just finished. “My husband saw the photo pop up on Ryan’s account and went up the stairs in seconds, demanding that he should take it down,” Jennifer says. “I don’t think my son realized how bad his picture looked. He was trying to be funny, but he’s in sixth grade! Even if he was simply posing, that picture was inappropriate.”
With the popularity of photo-sharing site Instagram, it’s easy for parents to have a false sense of security. Unlike Facebook or Twitter, Instagram is only for posting pictures and with the 13+ age requirement and privacy feature, so it seems like an almost harmless site for children. How much trouble could they stir up But that’s not the fact.
Shockingly, some kids are paying for attention on social media. When Paula Pryor found a mysterious $700 charge on her credit card, the last thing she suspected it to be was payment to a company that helped acquire “likes” on Instagram pictures. “My son Hayden thought it was only ten dollars, but it was ten dollars per ‘like’,” says Pryor.
Often, it’s not your own teen that’s cause for concern — it’s someone else’s kid. Megan Koster couldn’t figure out why her daughter Delaney suddenly became so anxious about whether her panty line could be seen through her jeans. Finally, Delaney said that she was worried someone would take a photo and post it on Instagram. “I don’t think I would have survived middle school if sites like this had existed back then,” Koster says.
17. What made Jennifer think her son Ryan could have an Instagram account
A. He gained popularity in school. B. He was skilled at using Instagram.
C. He showed interest in taking photos. D. He was old enough and behaved well.
18. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Instagram accounts. B. Social media. C. Pictures. D. Children.
19. Why did Pryor’s son pay the company $700
A. To obtain the picture he liked. B. To pay attention to social media.
C. To get his photos noticed and liked. D. To pay the charge on his credit card.
20. What’s the text mainly about
A. Teen’s problems with Instagram. B. Inappropriate pictures from children.
C. The influence of the Internet on young users. D. Concerns for the Internet security for children.
（2024·广东茂名·统考一模）Researchers have identified a growing threat to astronomy from the sunlight reflecting off communication devices in space. One such device, a communication satellite called BlueWalker 3, is currently one of the brightest objects visible from Earth, matching the brightness of Procyon and Achemar, two of the brightest stars in the night sky.
“BlueWalker 3 is visible in both dark sky and urban skies, though in urban settings this will be limited to when BlueWalker 3 passes overhead,” said Dr. Jeremy Tregloan-Reed, a co-author of the study at the University of Atacama in Chile. “Large constellations (星座) of bright artificial satellites in low Earth orbit pose significant challenges to ground-based astronomy,” the study’s authors wrote.
Tregloan-Reed said a large reflective brightness means that when a satellite crosses the detector of a telescope, it leaves a mark that can be difficult, if not impossible, to remove. This could lead to loss of data from the affected pixels (像素). But he said space-based astronomy also faced challenges from such satellites, noting that observations by the Hubble telescope had increasingly been affected by marks from Starlink satellites. Besides, the team notes the radio frequencies used by BlueWalker 3 are close to those used for radio astronomy, raising the possibility that such satellites could cause interference.
While BlueWalker 3 was folded when it was launched last year, once in space it opened up to reveal a huge surface area that reflected sunlight. Tregloan-Reed added that even if all the reflective brightness of all satellites was reduced to below the level visible by the naked eye, “the sky background glow will increase due to the accumulative effect of having hundreds of thousands of satellites from various operators from many countries in low Earth orbit. It is disastrous!”
BlueWalker 3, built by AST Space Mobile, is just the first one to be launched. The company is planning a constellation of satellites nicknamed BlueBirds, consisting of over 100 similar satellites and aimed to provide satellite network service for the whole world. You can imagine how bright the night sky will be at that time!
21. What can we know about BlueWalker 3
A. It threatens the sunlight. B. It was invented by Dr. Jeremy.
C. It is brighter than Procyon and Achernar. D. It is visible in urban skies when passing overhead.
22. The brightness of BlueWalker 3 is most likely to affect ________.
A. earth orbit B. space observation
C. radio frequency D. satellite communication
23. Concerning the plan of BlueBirds, what might the author agree with
A. It has potential drawbacks. B. It is bound to be accomplished.
C. It is irreplaceable for astronomy. D. It provides network service for the world.
24. What’s the best title of the passage
A. BlueWalker 3—A Bright and Dark “Star” B. BlueWalker 3—The Most Valuable Satellite
C. The Night Sky—Glowing with BlueWalker 3 D. The Night Sky—Heavily Polluted by BlueWalker 3
（2024上·广东·高三校联考期末）Medical artificial intelligence (AI) can perform with expert-level accuracy and deliver cost-effective care. IBM’s Watson diagnoses (诊断) heart disease better than cardiologists (心脏病专家) do. Chatbots give better medical advice to patients in place of nurses. Some forecast that medical AI will enter 90% of hospitals and replace as much as 80% of what doctors currently do. Yet, as our recent research suggests, patients show a strong resistance to medical AI.
The reason, we found, is not the belief that AI provides lower care. Nor is it that patients think that AI is more costly or less informative. Rather, resistance to medical AI seems to come from a belief that AI does not take into account one’s specific circumstances. People view themselves as unique. By contrast, they think medical care delivered by AI providers is suited to treat an average patient but unsuitable to account for the unique circumstances that apply to an individual. No wonder that medical AI providers are given a cold welcome.
There are a number of steps that care providers can take to overcome patients’ resistance to medical AI. For example, if an AI provider is capable of tailoring its recommendation for whether to have a surgery to each patient’s unique characteristics and medical history, patients would be likely to follow the treatment recommendations of the AI provider. In addition, health care providers could also deliver individualized health care by explaining how the algorithms (算法) work and sharing patients’ reviews with the media. Having a physician confirm the recommendation of an AI provider should make people more willing to accept AI-based care. People are comfortable using medical AI if a physician remains in charge of the ultimate decision.
AI-based health care technologies are being developed and employed at an impressive rate, providing better medical services for the patients. But harnessing the full potential of them will require that we first overcome patients’ doubt of having an algorithm, rather than a person making decisions about their care.
25. What made people resist the medical AI
A. A sufferer’s temper ignored by medical AI.
B. People’s lasting trust in a human doctor’s ability.
C. The concern about its personalization in treatment.
D. The accuracy of the information from medical AI.
26. What can be a solution to patients’ resistance according to the author
A. Treating sufferers as average patients.
B. Providing a more specific treatment.
C. Getting the algorithms prioritized in time.
D. Keeping away from the influence of a physician.
27. Which word can replace the underlined word “harnessing” in the last paragraph
A. Weakening. B. Storing. C. Destroying. D. Using.
28. What is the suitable title for the text
A. Advantages of Medical AI
B. Potential Application of AI
C. How AI Replaces Nurses in Healthcare
D. The Challenge That Medical AI Faces
（2024·广东肇庆·统考二模）“He is a giant of the 20th-century art, but that doesn’t mean he only did big paintings, said Lynn Miller, director of Rochester Central Gallery, in an interview last Thursday.
Entitled “Picasso and His Drafts”, a special exhibit marking 50 years since the death of Pablo Picasso is held at the gallery this month. Instead of his paintings, the notebooks on which the Spanish legendary artist drew drafts are shown to the public for the first time.
Matchbox covers, postcards, restaurant napkins all served as drafting notes for the artist at moments of inspiration. It is important to know that each of the 14 notebooks presented reflects what was going on in his life.
For example, a tiny notebook whose size is just 3 by 5 inches stands out among the exhibits. Inside the little book was a self-portrait of the artist finished roughly in pencil, with deep and thoughtful eyes. It was done in 1918 and Picasso, then in his mid-30s, had just got married. He produced big-sized artworks but he also kept this tiny notebook around, filling it with scenes of his wife, their friends, the beach and the town, and drafts of upcoming paintings. Actually, many of the draft drawings are early versions of famed paintings like Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907) and Dora Maar in an Armchair (1939).
“He is a great artist of the modern period, and we see practice and determination in his notebooks,” said Lynn Miller, referring to Picasso’s efforts in improving his skills through copious drawing. Bernard Ruiz-Picasso, a grandson of Picasso’s, remembered him always drafting until the last piece of paper available. “My grandpa was permanently drawing something,” Ruiz-Picasso said.
In a documentary film shown at the gallery, Picasso, shirtless and in shorts, was standing on a ladder to reach the top of his canvas (画布). It reminds visitors of the real size of his masterworks.
29. What are the key features of the recent exhibit at the gallery
A. Notebooks for sale. B. Picasso’s artworks.
C. Priceless artistic drafts. D. Masterpieces of the 20th century.
30. What is reflected in the notebooks of Picasso
A. His life experience. B. The love for his country.
C. The content of his books. D. His education background.
31. Which of the following best describes Picasso according to his grandson
A. Creative. B. Diligent. C. Optimistic. D. Humorous.
32. What can we learn from the author’s words in the last paragraph
A. Picasso used to mind his appearance. B. The gallery exhibits real masterworks.
C. The documentary movie is worth seeing. D. Picasso’s artworks are actually of great size.
（2024上·广东梅州·高三统考期末）When Belquer first joined a team to make a better live music experience for deaf and hard-of-hearing people, he was struck by how they had developed workarounds to enjoy concerts. “What they were doing at the time was holding balloons to feel the vibrations (震动) through their fingers,” Belquer said. He thought the team could make something to help hard-of- hearing people enjoy live music even more with the technology now available.
Belquer, who is also a musician and theater artist, is now the “Chief Vibrational Officer” of Music: Not Impossible, which uses new technology to address social issues like poverty and disability access. His team started by tying vibrating different cell phone motors to bodies, but that didn’t quite work. The vibrations were all the same. Eventually, they worked with engineers to develop a light haptic (触觉的) suit with a total of 24 vibrating plates. There are 20 of them tied to a vest that fits tightly around the body like a hiking backpack, plus one that ties to each wrist and ankle. When you wear the suit, it’s surprising how it feels.
The vibrations are mixed by a haptic DJ who controls the location, frequency and intensity of feeling across the suits, just as a music DJ mixes sounds in an artful way. “What we’re doing is selecting and mixing what we want and send it to different parts of the body,” said the DJ. The haptic suits were just one component of the event. There were American Sign Language interpreters; the music was captioned on a screen on the stage.
The suits are the star attraction. Lily Lipman, who has auditory processing disorder, lit up when asked about her experience. “It’s cool, because I’m never quite sure if I’m hearing what other people are hearing, so it’s amazing to get the music in my body.”
33. What surprised Belquer about people with hearing problems
A. The way they enjoyed music.
B. The attitude they held to life.
C. The love they had for balloons.
D. The frequency they vibrated fingers.
34. Why did the team’s initial attempt fail
A. The motors were the same.
B. The vibrations lacked variety.
C. The motors hardly worked.
D. The vibrations were irregular.
35. What did the DJ do
A. He interpreted the sign language.
B. He captioned the music on stage.
C. He selected suits for the attendees.
D. He helped people feel the music.
36. What does Lily Lipman think of the suit
A. Comforting. B. Challenging. C. Satisfying. D. Encouraging.
（2024上·广东汕头·高三统考期末）Sonia Kleindorfer was a new director of the Konrad Lorenz Research Center in Austria. At her institute, Konrad Lorenz was a famous Austrian zoologist who could correctly name each kind of goose, which made Kleindorfer feel a certain amount of pressure. “I can do five, but when the next five come, I start to have a mental meltdown,” she says. So she contacted a more technically-minded colleague and asked him: Could he write a program to distinguish these faces
He said, yes, but he’d need a database of geese photos to work with. Kleindorfer got her team out there, snapping pictures of the geese from every angle. After building the database, they wrote a piece of facial recognition AI that could ID a goose, by looking at specific features of its beak (喙). After a couple of years, the team reports that their goose recognition software is now about 97% accurate.
“Geese have such drama—there are archrivals (劲敌), and jealousy and retribution (报答),” Kleindorfer says. To find out how faces figured into this drama, she presented the geese with full-sized pictures of themselves, their partners, or another member of the flock. She showed evidence that geese seemed to recognize photos of their partners and friends, but not themselves. For further study, Sonia Kleindorfer hopes birdwatchers will someday be able to snap a picture of a goose, ID it, and share its location with scientists. But she adds, just remember, her new research suggests that bird watching goes both ways: Geese can remember faces too. “If you are ever not kind to a goose,” she warns, “that goose may find you again.”
Kleindorfer thinks that facial recognition is going to play a really important role in conservation and ecology. “We need more computer scientists trained in behavioral ecology and we need more conservation scientists trained in computer science,” she says. “But working together, I think we can do this.”
37. What was the problem of Sonia Kleindorfer at work
A. She was always stressed. B. She was not able to count the geese.
C. She suffered a mental illness. D. She couldn’t recognize all the geese.
38. How does the program distinguish the geese
A. By snapping pictures of the geese. B. By presenting the full-sized pictures.
C. By identifying the beaks in the photos. D. By building the database of the geese.
39. What is the finding of the new research
A. Birdwatching is a dangerous activity.
B. Geese can locate and find human beings.
C. Geese have the ability of facial recognition.
D. Birdwatchers can snap a picture of a goose.
40. What does Kleindorfer stress in the last paragraph
A. Science training. B. Computer science.
C. Photo-taking skills. D. Cross-subject study.
（2024·广东佛山·统考一模）A China plane struck a bird after taking off in Chengdu, Sichuan, and had to immediately return to the airport last October, and it wasn’t the first accident between an aircraft and a bird last year.
In fact, more than 20,000 wildlife strikes with aircraft were reported worldwide in 2023 — the vast majority of those animals being birds. The strikes can also include run-ins with bats or creatures on the ground, such as deer or turtles. Expanding wildlife populations, increases in number of aircraft movements, and a trend toward faster and quieter aircraft all have contributed to the increase in wildlife strikes.
Bird strikes are a hazard not just to commercial airplanes, but to all sorts of aircraft. However, historical data shows that damage is reported in a small percentage of incidents. Last year, 95% of the global strikes involved some kind of damage — and only 5% of those caused “substantial” damage.
Some of the most disturbing types of strikes can happen when one or more birds go into a plane’s engine, which might cause a lot of damage to the aircraft. The pilot would need to return to the airport or find a safe place to land.
In last October’s China plane incident, the Beijing-bound flight was able to land normally in Chengdu after taking into account what the airline described as security concerns. Senior captain Chen Jianguo said pilots are trained on how to respond if they have a bird strike in flight. The pilot in this case did exactly what he was trained to do.
“There are lots of things that are being used by airports to try to manage the habitat and birds around the airport,” said Chen Jianguo. Airports need to manage bird habitats to reduce or get rid of trees and plants that shelter birds, or address wetlands that can attract birds. Collecting data on what kinds of birds are involved in strikes is equally important so the risks can better be managed. Many airports also use audible signals to scare birds away, such as the sounds of fireworks.
41. What is a cause of the increase in wildlife strikes
A. The poorly designed aircraft.
B. The growing number of birds.
C. The destruction of wildlife habitats.
D. The absence of environmental awareness.
42. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Danger. B. Delay. C. Accident. D. Reminder.
43. What does the historical data tell us about bird strikes
A. They are a rare occurrence.
B. They usually damage engines.
C. Most of them cause slight damage.
D. Most of them involve one single bird.
44. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. Ways to study bird behavior.
B. Measures to drive birds away.
C. Efforts to restore bird habitat.
D. Attempts to take care of birds.
（2024·广东·校联考一模）Professor Lum seems to be under the spell of ChatGPT, but let’s not get carried away with the AI chatbot craze. While it does have some benefits, his arguments are like a leaky boat in a stormy sea — full of holes.
According to Professor Lum, ChatGPT offers students a wealth of information. Sure, it’s like having a walking encyclopedia (百科全书), but learning is not about copying an answer. It’s about the journey of discovery. ChatGPT, armed with its vast database, denies students the opportunity to explore and learn through their own efforts. It’s like awarding a participation medal for a race that hasn’t even begun!
He also claims that ChatGPT improves communication skills. Seriously Chatting with an AI is not the same as having a real conversation. How can we expect students to handle the complexities of the real world if all they know is how to talk to a chatbot Let’s not turn them into socially awkward bots themselves.
Oh, and let’s not forget about critical thinking. Professor Lum thinks ChatGPT challenges students to think critically. But come on, folks! It’s merely a machine! It’s not going to teach them how to question assumptions, analyze evidence, or come up with innovative solutions. We need human interaction and lively debates for that.
Lastly, Professor Lum believes ChatGPT can provide support and guidance. Again, seriously Are we going to replace human emotions with lines of code (代码) ChatGPT might offer some comforting words, but it can’t replace the warmth and understanding that can only be found in human interaction. Let us not abandon our students, leaving them to feel more alone and disconnected than ever before.
Professor Lum’s opinion regarding ChatGPT warns us against too much reliance on technology. Rather than prioritizing ChatGPT, the focus should be on developing critical thinking, promoting genuine human interaction, and emphasizing the core aspects of education.
45. What is compared to a participation medal in paragraph 2
A. A walking encyclopedia. B. A journey to explore.
C. A vast database. D. An answer.
46. What can be inferred about ChatGPT from paragraphs 3~5
A. It is not good at socializing. B. It is a skilled critical thinker.
C. It offers nothing helpful to humans. D. It forms a warm bond with humans.
47. What is the author’s attitude towards ChatGPT
A. Totally negative. B. Fully supportive.
C. Highly skeptical. D. Quite indifferent.
48. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To criticize a viewpoint. B. To question an authority.
C. To clarify two arguments. D. To compare two chatbots.
（2024·广东·校联考一模）The world of underwater slumber is unlike what we see on the surface. For mammals (哺乳动物), a good night’s sleep sends an animal into a state of unconsciousness (无知觉) during hours of restorative sleeping that helps heal the body and solidify memories firmly in the mind. For fish, however, sleep isn’t such a well-defined process. Instead, many fish species have taken to spending short periods in a state of reduced activity or rest while keeping their eyes open to scan the water for potential threats. During these periods of reduced activity, a fish’s bodily functions slow down and its watchfulness drops.
The breadth of animals in the ocean that exhibit this type of reduced activity is wide-reaching. Among the hundreds of thousands of creatures in the sea, some merely ride along with the current, such as jellyfish. Others find rocky bedrooms for the night, while those such as stingrays bury themselves in the sand to rest. However, it must be really hard to get a good night’s sleep when you breathe air but live in water. This is something that the world’s underwater mammals have to deal with.
To prevent themselves from drowning (溺死) in their sleep, underwater mammals such as dolphins and manatees have developed the ability to “turn off” one side of their brain to rest, known as unihemispheric sleep. While one side is fast asleep, the other keeps all the animal’s vital functions running, such as breathing. Manatees, for example, love to sleep, spending up to 12 hours a day in a deep slumber. However, as air-breathing animals, manatees need to surface every 20 minutes or so for oxygen. To achieve this, the half of the brain that’s still awake sends the sleeping manatee to the surface to get some air.
49. What does the underlined word “slumber” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Rest. B. Sleep. C. Danger. D. Activity.
50. Why is it hard to define sleep for fish
A. Because fish remain partially awake. B. Because fish need short resting time.
C. Because fish possess no consciousness. D. Because fish pretend not to be sleeping.
51. What is a challenge faced by underwater mammals
A. Hiding in sand. B. Riding the current.
C. Finding spots to rest. D. Breathing while sleeping.
52. How do manatees ensure their oxygen supply during sleep
A. By sleeping less. B. By adapting to the sea.
C. By surfacing periodically. D. By controlling their breath.
（2024·广东·华南师大附中校考模拟预测）Two and a half millennia ago, Socrates complained that writing would harm students. With a way to store ideas permanently and externally, they would no longer need to memorize. However, studies today have found that writing on paper can improve everything from recalling a random series of words to better understanding complex concepts.
For learning material by repetition, the benefits of using a pen or pencil lie in how the motor and sensory memory of putting words on paper reinforces that material. The scribbling (涂鸦) on a page feeds into visual memory: people might remember a word they wrote down in French class as being at the bottom-left on a page.
One of the best-demonstrated advantages of writing by hand seems to be in note-taking. Students typing on computers wrote down almost twice as many words directly from lectures, suggesting they were not understanding so much as rapidly copying the material. However, handwriting forces note-takers to process and organize ideas into their own words. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing, resulting in better performance on tests.
Many studies have confirmed handwriting’s benefits, and policymakers have taken note. Though America’s curriculum from 2010 does not require handwriting instruction past first grade (roughly age six), about half the states since then have required more teaching of it. In Sweden there is a push for more handwriting and printed books and fewer devices. England’s national curriculum already includes the teaching of basic cursive writing (连写体) skills by age seven.
However, several school systems in America have gone so far as to ban most laptops. This is too extreme. Some students have disabilities that make handwriting especially hard. Nearly all will eventually need typing skills. Virginia Berninger, professor of psychology at the University of Washington, is a longtime advocate of handwriting. But she is not a purist; she says there are research tested benefits for “manuscript” print-style writing but also for typing.
Socrates may or may not have had a point about the downsides of writing. But no one would remember, much less care, if his student Plato had not noted it down for the benefit of future generations.
53. According to the text, why does writing on paper have benefits for learning
A. It provides visual enjoyment in class.
B. It improves the effect of memorization.
C. It promotes the motor and sensory ability.
D. It helps to remember the information forever.
54. How does the author show the emphasis on handwriting instruction at school
A. By giving examples. B. By providing statistics.
C. By making comparisons. D. By making classification.
55. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Difficulties faced by the disabled.
B. Unreasonableness of forbidding typing.
C. The research-tested benefits of typing.
D. The longtime advocacy for handwriting.
56. Why does the writer mention Socrates and Plato in the last paragraph
A. To thank Plato for his efforts.
B. To defend Socrates’ point of view.
C. To show people’s indifference to typing.
D. To confirm the importance of handwriting.
（2024上·广东惠州·高三统考阶段练习）We all sometimes behave in ways that seem to conflict with our goals and intentions. One person might wish to spend more time with family but instead find themselves mindlessly browsing social media. Another may repeatedly ignore their alarm and miss their morning workout. If we only had more willpower, the conventional wisdom goes, we could eat healthier, exercise regularly, and spend more time with loved ones. However, in Determined: A Science of Life without Free Will, scientist Robert Sapolsky argues that such choices are actually determined by factors beyond our control.
Sapolsky demonstrates in his book how various factors influence our intentions and actions. He describes scientific evidence that those influences may occur minutes, hours, or days before our actions; some may even begin years earlier. For example, people raised in a collectivist culture tend to avoid obstacles (障碍) when walking whereas those raised in independent cultures will remove the obstacles.
In particular, Sapolsky argues against the claim that “luck” evens (均等) out over time, with fortune and misfortune striking most people in equal measure, an idea favored by others. Instead, he provides convincing examples that many who are born “unlucky” have little chance of getting ahead.
Although Sapolsky is careful not to confuse determinism with the inability to affect change in the world, his unclear attitude toward how determinism might coexist with free will is one of the book’s weak points. Nonetheless, this book is worth reading. Better yet, pair it with Kevin Mitchell’s book Free Agents: How Evolution Gave Us Free Will, which makes the opposite argument, and then, decide for yourself whether you had a choice to do so or it was all predetermined.
57. How is the topic introduced in the first paragraph
A. By giving examples. B. By listing statistics.
C. By raising arguments. D. By drawing conclusions.
58. According to Sapolsky, what determine(s) our choices and actions
A. Level of willpower. B. Random luck.
C. Uncontrollable elements. D. Conventional wisdom.
59. What does the underlined word “collectivist” mean
A. Low-esteemed. B. Determined. C. Self-centered. D. Cooperative.
60. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage
A. Exploration on Free Will B. Wisdom in Decision Making
C. Views on Determinism and Free Will D. Conflicts between Goals and Choices
（2024上·广东惠州·高三统考阶段练习）Some words imitate the sounds made by the things they describe, like “buzz” or “hiss”, which is called onomatopoeia (拟声词). But what if the way a word sounds could arouse some other feature of an object, like its shape
Marcus Perlman, a lecturer at the University of Birmingham, says that a century ago, linguists (语言学家) insisted that the words of objects don’t necessarily sound like the very things. There’s nothing doggy-sounding about the word dog or catlike-sounding about the word cat. But there’s plenty of evidence now proving it false. To further explore this connection, Perlman and his colleagues turned to something called the bouba/kiki effect.
What it is about is that when you see two shapes-one looks like a cloud, kind of roundish, and the other one is more spiky (尖形的), like a star-and when you’re asked to say which one is bouba, you will be more likely to point to a rounded one and, for kiki, to a spiky one. One explanation for the effect could be the appearance of the letters. The round shape of b-o-u-b-a might arouse the sense of roundness. But what happens when you don’t see the words but hear them
In a following test, participants were told to look at the two shapes and then listen to the sound: either bouba or kiki. Whatever their native language is, most participants said the rounder shape was bouba and the spiky one was kiki. This suggests that the effect seems to be driven by some correspondence (对应关系) between the spoken words and the shapes, which might bring us closer to how the first words came.
61. What may Marcus Parlman believe about the words of objects
A. Words sounding like objects don’t exist. B. Words don’t have to sound like objects.
C. Words of objects are difficult to understand. D. Words pronunciation is connected to objects.
62. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The distinction between various shapes. B. The explanation of the bouba/kiki effect.
C. The comparison between bouba and kiki. D. The introduction to the bouba/kiki effect.
63. Which shape may the participants choose after hearing the “bauba” sound
A. A star. B. A circle. C. A pyramid. D. A diamond.
64. What is suggested in the text
A. Different languages may have the same origins.
B. The word bouba or kiki can be found in languages.
C. The effect may help understand the origin of language.
D. The secret of language formation has been discovered.
（2024·广东肇庆·统考二模）One of the biggest challenges that traditional educators face is how to unlock students’ love of learning. Once students overcome their fear or unwillingness, they will be on the track of becoming motivated learners.
In order to help students discover the joy in learning, some teachers are turning to a simple but effective strategy called gamification-using game-related elements such as activities and rewards to promote students’ engagement in class. With an origin in educational psychology, this approach is designed to reach students by making the learning process funny and interesting.
What’s more, researches show that gamification can also make assignments less stressful. Without too much pressure, students will associate learning with curiosity and joy. Accordingly, they feel like continuing the journey because positive feelings have boosted their confidence.
But like any other strategies, gamification has its drawbacks when used incorrectly. It is very likely that some students only focus on winning rewards but have no interest in understanding concepts or learning new skills-exactly the opposite of the desired outcome. To avoid this, teachers can help prevent students from becoming wrongly motivated by choosing suitable rewards. Instead of class parties or snacks, try rewards that help students develop a passion for academic subjects.
For example, have students earn points towards a class field trip by behaving and doing their assignments, or pair subjects that a student dislikes with fun books or activities to encourage motivation. That way, they associate fun with reading, math, or other skills. More examples include competing on a leader-board, holding a talent show, or playing other team-building games. All activities and rewards need to be carefully selected and well arranged.
If you’re having a hard time getting your class interested in learning, talk with them together or individually about what motivates them and include it into your student engagement strategies.
65. What can we learn about gamification from the first two paragraphs
A. It improves students' critical thinking.
B. It advocates a traditional teaching style.
C. It motivates students to be active learners.
D. It promotes the use of video games in class.
66. What is the author's attitude to the application of gamification
A. Favorable. B. Worried. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
67. How should teachers avoid the drawbacks of gamification
A. Set learning goals for different students.
B. Associate learning process with assignments.
C. Encourage teamwork by holding class parties.
D. Select suitable rewards for teaching activities.
68. What is the text mainly about
A. The analysis of a teaching strategy.
B. The future influences of gamification.
C. A discovery about motivating learners.
D. Recent research on education system.
（2024·广东肇庆·统考二模）If “Why ” is the first question in science, “Why not ” must be the second one. It’s interesting to think about why something does not exist in nature, such as a three-legged animal.
In an online lecture, David Jackson, a biologist in Earth and Planetary Sciences, was challenged to come up with “an animal or plant that does not and cannot exist”. Jackson told the audience that in nature, no species known to date has ever been born with a third leg.
Jackson pointed out that, however, many animals do use a particular three-legged pose for support. Examples include meerkats (猫鼬) resting on their tail and back feet and woodpeckers (啄木鸟) using tail feathers to weigh themselves against a tree trunk, which is more stable and requires less energy. Given that three-legged movement does work in some situations, why are there no animals with three legs
The answer may be at the core of evolution. Over a long time in history, almost all animals have adapted themselves and developed into a body shape which is organized around a central point and can be divided into two similar halves. Butterflies are an excellent example. Not only can their body shape be divided into two matching halves, but also the patterns on each wing are exactly the same. The law of having two sides to everything has been in our DNA since the first animals appeared on the earth.
And it is important to remember that only those biological changes that prove to have brought advantages can be passed down to next generations. If there were three-legged animals, there would be some good reasons for that to happen. However, three-legged animals would not be able to run as fast as four-legged animals. And they would also not be as efficient as two-legged animals. Three legs would simply make climbing, walking, running, and sleeping more difficult.
“The non-existence of three-legged animals can also be seen as the result of natural selection,” Jackson explained to the curious audience.
69. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By arousing readers' curiosity.
B. By questioning readers openly.
C. By presenting scientific figures.
D. By describing recent research.
70. What is the author’s intention of listing examples in paragraph 3
A. To express his confusion.
B. To challenge the audience’s belief.
C. To lay the ground for the core question.
D. To put forward some practical solutions.
71. Which of the following can best support the underlined word “evolution” in paragraph 4
A. Some species born with three legs. B. Butterflies with mirroring patterns.
C. Meerkats resting on their back feet. D. Woodpeckers standing on the trunk.
72. What can be passed onto next generations according to David Jackson
A. Original health conditions.
B. Beneficial biological changes.
C. Possible individual advantages.
D. Modern and healthy lifestyles.
（2024·广东·华南师大附中校考模拟预测）On October 20th comes “Killers of the Flower Moon” from the director Martin Scorsese. At nearly three and a half hours, its length is nearly double that of the average film last year. Even movie fans struggle to concentrate for that long. During the premiere at the Cannes Film Festival in May, some viewers dozed off. Afterwards there was a mad dash (and long queue) for the toilets. When did watching a film become such a labor
Film-makers started producing long-lasting movies at a rapid pace in the early 1960s. Cinema was booming and filmmakers wanted to distinguish their art from television. Epics surpassing the three-and-a-half hour mark graced the silver screen. Back then, audiences enjoyed an interval while the projectionist prepared the reels for the next act. Runtimes of popular films experienced ups and downs over subsequent decades. But they have balloonedsince 2018.
Movie series is one driver of this trend. Studios want to squeeze the most out of their costly intellectual property, but they are competing with streaming platforms for eyeballs. The hope is that a spectacular, drawn-out blockbuster (大片) will tempt audiences away from the small screen and into cinemas. This approach has often paid off: “Avengers: Endgame” (2019), which sho
