专题04 阅读七选五
高频话题01 人与自我—兴趣爱好
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏淮安·淮安区高二期中调研测试
With the popularity of electronic devices, you find it harder to tear your children away from iPads and curl up with a good book. ____1____ So, how can you cultivate in your kids a love of reading, as well as the habits of a lifelong reader
First of all, be sure to choose accessible books. Authoritative reading lists are a great guideline for the books you select for your kids. ____2____ A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it. If he or she comes across 2-3 unfamiliar words, that book in general should be at his or her level. This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely. These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent. ____3____
Another way is to let your kids have a say in what they want to read. Have them select books based on his or her interest and books they find enjoyable. ____4____ Such fun books as Captain Underpants, comics, and even the Guinness Book of World Records suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose.
Finally, create settings where reading is a natural part of their positive memories. ____5____ Read while lying on the beach, or snuggle up with family and a beloved book. When associating reading with the happy memories, kids will be much more willing to read at their leisure as they grow older.
A. There are endless means of doing this.
B. To improve their reading skills is essential.
C. Books with top-level difficulty are unavailable.
D. Reading is a fantastic way to relax and reduce stress.
E. The benefits of reading are beyond question even in the digital age.
F. Even so, you’d better single out books appropriate to their reading levels.
G. The joint reading sessions are invaluable for your child’s growth as a reader.
【答案】1. E 2. F 3. G 4. C 5. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何培养孩子终身阅读的习惯的方法。
1. 根据上文“With the popularity of electronic devices, you find it harder to tear your children away from iPads and curl up with a good book.(随着电子设备的普及，你发现很难让你的孩子离开ipad，蜷缩在一本好书里)”以及后文“So, how can you cultivate in your kids a love of reading, as well as the habits of a lifelong reader (那么，如何培养孩子对阅读的热爱，以及终身阅读的习惯呢？)”可知，上文提到了ipad，后文则说培养对阅读的热爱，可知本句是在说明阅读的好处。故E选项“即使在数字时代，阅读的好处是毋庸置疑的”符合语境，故选E。
2. 根据上文“First of all, be sure to choose accessible books. Authoritative reading lists are a great guideline for the books you select for your kids.(首先，一定要选择易读的书。权威的阅读清单是你为孩子选择书籍的一个很好的指南)”以及后文“A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it. If he or she comes across 2-3 unfamiliar words, that book in general should be at his or her level. This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely. These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent.(评估一本书是否适合你的孩子的一个快速方法是让他们读其中的一页。如果他或她遇到2到3个不熟悉的单词，那本书应该符合他或她的水平。这并不意味着更有挑战性的书应该完全扔掉。这些书为小组阅读和与家长讨论提供了很好的机会)”可知，本段主要是关于书的难易程度选择，上文提到了权威的阅读清单是你为孩子选择书籍的一个很好的指南，故本句是承接上文说明如何挑选阅读清单中的书。故F选项“即便如此，你最好挑选适合他们阅读水平的书。”符合语境，故选F。
3. 根据上文“A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it. If he or she comes across 2-3 unfamiliar words, that book in general should be at his or her level. This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely. These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent.(评估一本书是否适合你的孩子的一个快速方法是让他们读其中的一页。如果他或她遇到2到3个不熟悉的单词，那本书应该符合他或她的水平。这并不意味着更有挑战性的书应该完全扔掉。这些书为小组阅读和与家长讨论提供了很好的机会)”可知，上文提到了这些书为小组阅读和与家长讨论提供了很好的机会，即和孩子一起共同阅读。故G选项“共同阅读对孩子成长为阅读者是非常宝贵的”符合语境，故选G。
4. 根据上文“Another way is to let your kids have a say in what they want to read. Have them select books based on his or her interest and books they find enjoyable.(另一种方法是让你的孩子对他们想读的东西有发言权。让他们根据自己的兴趣和他们觉得有趣的书来选择)”以及后文“Such fun books as Captain Underpants, comics, and even the Guinness Book of World Records suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose.(像《内裤队长》、漫画、甚至《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》这样有趣的书都很适合孩子们的口味，也很有用)”可知，后文列举了一些有趣的书，故本句是在说明书的选择问题，故C选项“不要有顶级难度的书”符合语境，故选C。
5. 根据上文“Finally, create settings where reading is a natural part of their positive memories.(最后，创造一个环境，让阅读成为他们积极记忆的自然组成部分)”以及后文“Read while lying on the beach. or snuggle up with family and a beloved book. When associating reading with the happy memories, kids will be much more willing to read at their leisure as they grow older.(躺在沙滩上阅读。或者与家人和一本心爱的书依偎在一起。当阅读与快乐的记忆联系在一起时，随着年龄的增长，孩子们会更愿意在闲暇时阅读)”可知，后文提到了在沙滩上阅读，即通过阅读来放松，故D选项“阅读是放松和减压的好方法”符合语境，故选D。
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏海门·高二期中试卷
Top Tips on Staying Warmer in Colder Months
With the rising cost of living affecting all of us, staying warmer this winter feels like it’s going to be a difficult task. The government has already brought in measures to help with the cost of living. ____6____. Read on for some small tips that could make a big difference and help you stay warmer in colder months.
Love layers
Rather than snuggling into one big jumper, think about wearing plenty of thin layers instead. ____7____ It acts as an insulator(绝缘体)-keeping you warmer than if you just wore one thick one. Don’t forget the thermal underwear when it’s really chilly. Clothes made from wool and cotton are the warmest.
Warm from the inside out
Winter is a great time for rustling up soups and stews, but even a bowl of hot porridge can set you up from breakfast onwards. Eating hot, nutritious dishes can keep you warm and healthy. ____8____
Heat carefully
If you’re able to heat all of your rooms, keep your main living room at 18-21 ℃(64-70℉F) and the rest of your house around 16 ℃(61°F). ____9____Heat the living room during the day and the bedroom just before you go to sleep. And don’t forget to have your heating system serviced regularly to make sure it’s working well.
____10____
Staying active is good for your health in general, but if it is too cold to walk outside, then catching up on the household chores is a great way of making sure you’re getting up and about. Even light exercise can keep you warm, so grab that vacuum cleaner or duster, get moving and make your house shine.
A. Do the housework
B. Exercise regularly
C. Given the price of fuel, if this isn’t possible, be selective
D. However, there are still other things you can do to keep the heat in
E. Therefore, try to eat at least one hot meal a day with regular hot drinks
F. Multiple thin layers allow warm air to become trapped between the layers
G. Along with layers, make sure you wrap up in a scarf, hat and gloves when you are outside.
【答案】6. D 7. F 8. E 9. C 10. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些小技巧能够帮助读者在寒冷的日子里保持温暖。
6. 根据空前“With the rising cost of living affecting all of us, staying warmer this winter feels like it’s going to be a difficult task. The government has already brought in measures to help with the cost of living.(随着生活成本的上涨影响着我们所有人，在这个冬天保持温暖似乎将是一项艰巨的任务。政府已经采取措施帮助降低生活成本。)”可知，政府已经采取了措施帮助人们降低生活成本；而下文“Read on for some small tips that could make a big difference and help you stay warmer in colder months. (下面这些小技巧可以让你在寒冷的月份里保持温暖。)”可知，作者认为政府的措施是远远不够的。选项D“However, there are still other things you can do to keep the heat in(然而，你仍然可以做一些其他的事情来保持热量)”承上启下，与上下文内容一致。故选D。
7. 根据空前“Rather than snuggling into one big jumper, think about wearing plenty of thin layers instead.(与其蜷缩在一件大毛衣里，不如多穿几层薄的。)”可知，作者建议读者多穿几件薄的衣服。而空后“It acts as an insulator(绝缘体)-keeping you warmer than if you just wore one thick one.(它就像一个绝缘体——让你比只穿一件厚衣服更暖和。)”则解释了为什么多穿几件薄衣服会比只穿一件厚衣服暖和的原因。选项F“Multiple thin layers allow warm air to become trapped between the layers(多件薄层衣服使得暖空气被困在层与层之间)”也是解释了多穿几件薄衣服会比只穿一件厚衣服暖和的原因，与下文内容一致。故选F。
8. 根据上文“Winter is a great time for rustling up soups and stews, but even a bowl of hot porridge can set you up from breakfast onwards. Eating hot, nutritious dishes can keep you warm and healthy.(冬天是熬汤炖菜的好时候，但即使是一碗热粥也能让你从早餐开始就精力充沛。吃热的、有营养的食物可以让你温暖和健康。)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者吃点热的食物。选项E“Therefore, try to eat at least one hot meal a day with regular hot drinks(因此，尽量每天至少吃一顿热饭，定期喝热饮)”与上文内容一致，也是建议读者吃点热的，喝点热饮。故选E。
9. 根据上文“If you’re able to heat all of your rooms, keep your main living room at 18-21 ℃(64-70℉F) and the rest of your house around 16 ℃(61°F).(如果你能给所有房间供暖，请将主客厅的温度保持在18-21℃(64-70华氏度)，其余房间的温度保持在16℃(61华氏度)左右。)”可知，作者建议读者将所有房间供暖。而空后“Heat the living room during the day and the bedroom just before you go to sleep.(白天给客厅加热，睡觉前给卧室加热。)”则建议分时间分房间供暖。选项C“Given the price of fuel, if this isn’t possible, be selective(考虑到燃料的价格，如果这是不可能的，可以进行选择)”中的“if this isn’t possible”指的正是如果不能给所有房间供暖；而“be selective”则引出下文的分时间分房间进行供暖。故选C。
10. 空处为小标题，为本段中心句。根据下文“Staying active is good for your health in general, but if it is too cold to walk outside, then catching up on the household chores is a great way of making sure you’re getting up and about. Even light exercise can keep you warm, so grab that vacuum cleaner or duster, get moving and make your house shine. (总的来说，保持活跃对你的健康有好处，但如果天气太冷不能出去散步，那么做点家务是确保你起床走动的好方法。即使是轻微的运动也能让你保暖，所以拿起吸尘器或抹布，动起来，让你的房子闪闪发光。)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者做家务从而保暖。选项A“Do the housework(做家务)”正是本段主要内容。故选A。
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏盐城·三校高二期中联
Public speaking is the act of speaking to a large group of people in a highly organized manner.____11____The ability to speak confidently in public not only will make you stand out while in college, but also will enable you to play an active role in your workplace in the future.
Public speaking often involves two major stages of work. As for the preparation, you should start with an audience analysis and decide on a speech topic and purpose.____12____After you analyze your audience and set a speech objective, you need to gather materials to support your idea.____13____After you gather enough materials about the topic, you then need to organize them clearly and logically.
____14____In a speech, shorter and simpler words and sentences are preferred to long and complex ones so that the listening audience will understand well. Besides, in order to bring emotional responses in the audience, various kinds of rhetorical devices(修辞手法) are often employed to add power to the speech language.
To successfully deliver a speech, you need to do a lot of work as well.____15____Maybe you also need to prepare some visual(视觉的) aids such as PowerPoint to help your audience understand you well.
A. Some people think that public speaking can be trained.
B. Knowing the art of public speaking is very important.
C. In addition, you should pay attention to the topic of your speech.
D. The language of a speech tends to be different from that of writing.
E. You can gather these materials from the Internet or your personal experience.
F. You need to make effective use of your voice to convey your message clearly.
G. The more you know about your audience, the better you will prepare the speech.
【答案】11. B 12. G 13. E 14. D 15. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何做好演讲以及在演讲时要注意的一些方面。
11. 根据上文提示“Public speaking is the act of speaking to a large group of people in a highly organized manner.”(公开演讲是以高度有组织的方式向一大群人演讲的行为。)可知，指出公共演讲的含义，下文“The ability to speak confidently in public not only will make you stand out while in college, but also will enable you to play an active role in your workplace in the future.”( 在公共场合自信地讲话不仅会让你在大学里脱颖而出，而且会让你在未来的工作中扮演积极的角色。)指出公开演讲的好处，由此可知，空处应该指出要掌握公开演讲的艺术，B项“Knowing the art of public speaking is very important.”(掌握公共演讲的艺术是非常重要的。)切题。故选B。
12. 根据上文提示“Public speaking often involves two major stages of work. As for the preparation, you should start with an audience analysis and decide on a speech topic and purpose.”(公开演讲通常包括两个主要阶段的工作。至于准备，你应该从分析听众开始，然后决定演讲的主题和目的。)，可知，公共演讲前要了解观众。承接上文，G项“The more you know about your audience, the better you will prepare the speech.”(你对听众了解得越多，你的演讲准备得就越好。)切题。故选G。
13. 根据上文提示“After you analyze your audience and set a speech objective, you need to gather materials to support your idea.”(在你分析了你的听众并设定了演讲目标之后，你需要收集材料来支持你的观点。)，再根据下文提示“After you gather enough materials about the topic, you then need to organize them clearly and logically.”(在你收集了足够的材料之后，你就需要把它们清晰而有逻辑地组织起来。)可知，空前指出公开演讲前要收集材料，空后指出收集材料之后所做的事，由此可知，空处应该承上启下，指出怎么收集材料，E项“You can gather these materials from the Internet or your personal experience.”(你可以从网上或你的个人经历中收集这些材料。)切题。故选E。
14. 根据下文提示“In a speech, shorter and simpler words and sentences are preferred to long and complex ones so that the listening audience will understand well.”(在演讲中，较短较简单的单词和句子要比较长较复杂的单词和句子好，这样听众才能更好地理解。)可知，演讲的语言和写的内容是不同的。顺承下文，D项“The language of a speech tends to be different from that of writing.”(演讲的语言往往不同于写作的语言。)切题。故选D。
15. 根据上文提示“To successfully deliver a speech, you need to do a lot of work as well.”(为了成功地发表演讲，你也需要做很多工作。)，再根据下文提示“Maybe you also need to prepare some visual(视觉的)aids such as PowerPoint to help your audience understand you well.”(也许你还需要准备一些视觉辅助工具，如PowerPoint，以帮助你的听众更好地理解你。)可知，空前指出要在演讲前做很多工作，空后指出从视觉方面做一些准备，由此可知，空处应该指出从其他的方面做准备，F项“You need to make effective use of your voice to convey your message clearly.”(你需要有效地利用你的声音来清楚地传达你的信息。)切题，指出从声音方面做一些准备。故选F。
高频话题02 人与社会/自然—旅游/环境保护
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·南师大附中江宁分校高二期中试卷
On the day of my birthday, I was really excited since I was going to an amusement park for the first time in my life with some of my friends, together with my parents.
___1___ Everything in sight was “amazing”. I was really attracted. Everywhere people were moving excitedly from one ride to another with the screams of laughter from every direction. People dressed up like clowns were entertaining the kids, and the most exciting was the roller coaster.
My parents handed me some money and told us to enjoy the rides. We first queued up for the roller coaster, which was the greatest attraction of all. Soon we were seated on the ride and held on to the bars holding us firmly to our seats. ___2___ The wind moved through our hair and we tightly closed our eyes. It was really thrilling experience!
We headed straight for the bumper cars and soon started bumping into each other with as much force as we could, enjoying ourselves to the fullest. Then we went for those shooting games. ___3___ We were soon loaded with some soft toys which made us happy, though the age for playing with soft toys was long gone for us.
___4___ We entered the house with heads held high, but came out with our hearts beating fast. And we were shaking from head to foot.
During all this, we hadn’t noticed time fly and it was getting dark, so we said goodbye and returned home. ___5___
A. There we can get a prize if we hit the target.
B. Is it a wonderful visit to an amusement park
C. Then came the most scary part, The Freaky House.
D. That night in my dream all the fun images returned.
E. The next few minutes were full of screams and laughter.
F. We wandered in the park attracted by the adorable characters.
G. On reaching the park, we bought tickets and entered the park.
【答案】1. G 2. E 3. A 4. C 5. D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者生日时，和朋友以及父母一起去游乐园玩的故事。
1. 根据下文“Everything in sight was “amazing”. I was really attracted. Everywhere people were moving excitedly from one ride to another with the screams of laughter from every direction. (眼前的一切都“令人惊叹”。我真的被吸引了。到处都是人们兴奋地从一辆车到另一辆车，从四面八方传来阵阵笑声。)”可知，这是描述作者他们进入游乐园之后看到的场景。选项G“一到公园，我们就买票进入了公园。”和下文意思一致。故选G。
2. 根据上文“We first queued up for the roller coaster, which was the greatest attraction of all. Soon we were seated on the ride and held on to the bars holding us firmly to our seats. (我们首先排队等候过山车，这是最吸引人的。很快，我们就坐在车上，紧紧抓住栏杆，把我们牢牢地固定在座位上。)”和下文“The wind moved through our hair and we tightly closed our eyes. It was really thrilling experience! (风吹过我们的头发，我们紧紧地闭上了眼睛。这真是一次激动人心的经历！)”可知，这一段是描述作者他们坐过山车的刺激、兴奋的场景。选项E“接下来的几分钟充满了尖叫和笑声。”和上下文意思一致。故选E。
3. 根据上文“Then we went for those shooting games. (然后我们去玩射击游戏。)”和下文“We were soon loaded with some soft toys which made us happy, though the age for playing with soft toys was long gone for us. (我们很快就装上了一些让我们开心的软玩具，尽管玩软玩具的时代对我们来说早已远去。)”可知，这一段是描述作者他们玩射击游戏并带着奖品离开的场景。选项A“在那里，如果我们击中目标，就可以获得奖品。”和上下文意思一致。故选A。
4. 根据下文“We entered the house with heads held high, but came out with our hearts beating fast. And we were shaking from head to foot. (我们昂首走进房子，但出来时心跳得很快。我们从头到脚都在发抖。)”可知，这一段是描述作者他们去鬼屋的场景。选项C“然后是最恐怖的部分——怪诞屋。”和下文意思一致。故选C。
5. 根据上文“During all this, we hadn’t noticed time fly and it was getting dark, so we said goodbye and returned home. (在这段时间里，我们没有注意到时间飞逝，天也快黑了，所以我们告别了，回到了家。)”可知，这里是在总结这一天的经历回到了作者的梦里。选项D“那天晚上，在我的梦中，所有有趣的画面都回来了。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏海安·海安高级中学高二期中试题
The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open-air shopping where streel vendors (小贩) take over a designated street to set up stalls(货摊). The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls, enjoy the smell of local foods and maybe pick up some items.
Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. ____6____There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.
The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can get anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.____7____.
It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.____8____ The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
____9____Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets.
Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.____10____.
A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here.
B. There is so much to see, buy and eat.
C. People would complain about the noises here.
D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.
E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes.
F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand.
G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too.
【答案】6. F 7. G 8. E 9. D 10. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马来西亚的夜市。
6. 根据下文“There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.(每次去总有一些新的和令人兴奋的事情值得期待)”可知每次去夜市都有新的体验，故F项“根据当前的趋势和市场需求不断增加新产品”符合语境，因为有不断增加的新产品，所以每次去都有新的和令人兴奋的事情。故选F。
7. 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.(对于那些做饭的人来说，这里有一个又一个摊位出售新鲜的海鲜、肉类产品和各种各样的蔬菜)”可知，空处应承接上文继续描述夜市出售的食材，G项“干牛肉和咸蛋等干制和腌制食品在这里也很容易买到”符合语境，故选G。
8. 根据上文“It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.(众所周知，所有夜市都有一个共同的宝藏——美味的街头美食)”以及下文“The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.(广受欢迎的大豆饮料和甘蔗汁是这里永恒的特色)”可知，本段是描述夜市的美食，E项“如果不尝尝令人垂涎欲滴的当地菜肴，那就太遗憾了”符合语境，故选E。
9. 根据下文“Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle.(因此，这里不适合胆小或温柔的人)”可知，空处是解释夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因，D项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志”符合语境，故选D。
10. 根据上文“The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.(在热情的夜晚，夜市确实是一种令人兴奋的体验，也是一场视觉盛宴。气氛几乎是喜庆的)”可知，此处是总结夜市的一些特点，B项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃”符合语境，故选B。
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏连云港·锦屏高级中学等四校高二期中试卷
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. ____11____They calculated there were 38 million pieces of plastic. “This is not an issue to ignore. We need to do something now to protect the sea.” said one scientist.
Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents(洋流) collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. ____12____
The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”, ____13____ Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will be three times by 2050.
____14____ While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. He hopes to reduce the patch by 50% in just five years.
“Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology,” he says. “____15____ Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start!”
A. it goes unnoticed and finds its way to human bodies.
B. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss.
C. To work with the currents would help collect the waste.
D. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century.
E. However, there are some young minds working to clean up the sea for future generations.
F. Although remote and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in plastic waste.
G. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”.
【答案】11. F 12. G 13. B 14. E 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们发现了海洋中的塑料垃圾已经非常严重，人们需要做些什么来保护海洋。
11. 根据上文“Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. (科学家们最近访问了南太平洋的亨德森岛，有了一个惊人的发现。)”可知，科学家们到了一个岛上并有了惊人的发现。而下文“They calculated there were 38 million pieces of plastic. (他们计算出有3800万件塑料。)”则告诉我们塑料的总数。选项F“Although remote and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in plastic waste. (尽管这个岛很偏远，以前也没有被人类接触过，但岛上到处都是塑料垃圾。)”承上启下，与上下文内容一致。故选F。
12. 根据上文内容“Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents(洋流) collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”.(大约95%的塑料制品无法回收，大量流入海洋。洋流在称为“环流”的大型循环系统中收集这些废物。)”可知，在海洋中，环流在收集这些废物。选项G“One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”. (最大的垃圾带之一位于太平洋，这一地区现在被称为“大太平洋垃圾带”。)”与上文内容一致。故选G。
13. 根据上文“The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”.(当塑料分解成非常小的碎片或“微塑料”时，问题变得更糟。)”可知，微塑料会更糟糕。而空后“Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. (人类也吃这些鱼，甚至在世界各地的自来水中发现了微塑料。)”则暗示空处指的是鱼类会食用微塑料。选项B“This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss.(这被鱼吃掉，导致大量的物种消失。)”承上启下，与本段内容一致。故选B。
14. 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. (在希腊潜水时，年轻的Boyan Slat注意到塑料垃圾比鱼还多。他当时就决定将自己的一生奉献给解决这个问题。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是有人正在拯救海洋塑料垃圾。选项E“However, there are some young minds working to clean up the sea for future generations. (然而，有一些年轻人正致力于为子孙后代清理海洋。)”与下文内容一致。故选E。
15. 根据下文“Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start! (保护海洋免受塑料污染是一个很好的开始！)”可知，空处指的应该是一个很好的憧憬，而保护海洋免受塑料污染是这一美好未来的良好开端。选项D“Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century. (我们的目标应该是为本世纪创造一种新的生活方式。)”与下文内容一致。故选D。
高频话题03 人与自我—饮食健康
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏扬州·宝应县高二期中试卷
You can learn a lot from the design and color of food packaging.____1____And if you’ve ever glanced at the back of a food package, you know it’s full of information: the story of the brand, nutritional figures, ingredients, and something called a “serving size”.
____2____They’re several brightly colored circles or squares that look like some sort of secret language. However, these shapes aren’t an indication of flavors, vitamins, or minerals.
The colored circles on food packages can come in a variety of colors. Apparently, those colored circles are called “printers’ color blocks” or “process control patches”.____3____
We consulted an expert printing engineer, Meg Schiraldi, to find out exactly what the colored circles mean. “When the packaging is printed, technicians need to check the colored circles.____4____ They compare the color to boxes printed around the world to ensure the consistent brand color,” Meg explained.
So there you have it! Colored circles on food packages help printers to match colors when they’re printing food packaging and ensure global brand consistency.____5____Thanks, colored circles!
A. Most printers only use the four colors.
B. This helps them match challenging colors.
C. Without them, food packages would be a mess.
D. There’re other things printed on the back of most food packaging.
E. The color of a packet of M&M’s, for example, can tell you the flavor.
F. They do that to ensure the printing ink is the correct color and quality.
G. And they’re there to help the printing team who print the food packaging.
【答案】1. E 2. D 3. G 4. F 5. C
【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食品包装的设计和颜色会传递很多信息，其中食品包装上的彩色圆圈要颜色匹配，并确保全球品牌一致性。
1. 上文“You can learn a lot from the design and color of food packaging. (你可以从食品包装的设计和颜色中了解很多东西)”说明食品包装能够传递很多信息，空格处是具体举例，因此E项“例如，一包M&M的颜色可以告诉你味道”符合语境，故选E。
2. 下文“They’re several brightly colored circles or squares that look like some sort of secret language (它们是几个颜色鲜艳的圆圈或正方形，看起来像某种秘密语言)”说明的是食品包装上印刷的是什么，注意此句中的代词They代指的是D选项中的“other things”，因此D项“大多数食品包装的背面都印有其他东西”符合语境，故选D。
3. 上文“Apparently, those colored circles are called ‘printers’ color blocks’ or ‘process control patches’. (显然，这些彩色圆圈被称为‘打印机的色块’或‘过程控制补丁’)”介绍的是食品包装上的彩色圆圈，空格处解释食品包装上的彩色圆圈的功能，因此G项“它们在那里帮助印刷食品包装的印刷团队”符合语境，故选G。
4. 上文“When the packaging is printed, technicians need to check the colored circles (印刷包装时，技术人员需要检查彩色圆圈)”以及下文“They compare the color to boxes printed around the world to ensure the consistent brand color (他们将颜色与世界各地印刷的盒子进行比较，以确保品牌颜色一致)”说明的是检查色圈的必要性和作用，因此F项“他们这样做是为了确保印刷油墨的颜色和质量正确”符合语境，故选F。
5. 上文“Colored circles on food packages help printers to match colors when they’re printing food packaging and ensure global brand consistency (食品包装上的彩色圆圈有助于打印机在打印食品包装时匹配颜色，并确保全球品牌一致性)”说明的是颜色匹配的重要性，空格处从反面起到了强调作用，因此C项“如果没有它们，食品包装就会一团糟”符合语境，故选C。
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·六校联合体高二5月期中试题
Establishing healthy boundaries with yourself will help you stay within your range of control and prioritize what matters most. Here are some tips.
Be honest with yourself
Behind every fancy purchase is a desire for status and recognition. You secretly want to be noticed for wearing a new watch or carrying a designer purse. ____6____So before taking action towards any attempt, such as making an expensive purchase or pursuing a job promotion, ask yourself, “Who am I doing this for ”____7____ However, if you are pursuing something with the hopes of attracting attention, then you need to say no to yourself.
Honor your limits
____8____Trying to please everyone makes you vulnerable(脆弱的). The truth is you have limited energy and time. It is important that you are wise with your resources. The importance of honoring your limits is highlighted by the Greek mythological story. The story is a reminder that pushing yourself too hard for too long ultimately comes at a cost.
Stop comparing yourself to others
People will engage in behaviors that trigger you. It might be tempting to enter an undeclared competition with the Joneses. This approach does not work because there is always someone out there who has more of what you desire.
Stop comparing yourself to others. ____9____Focus on living a meaningful life that is consistent with your values and goals.
____10____
You are likely your worst critic. You secretly say things to yourself that you would never have the heart to tell others. Remember to have realistic expectations of yourself. When you set goals, consider whether you have set the standard at a reasonable level. If the goal is unrealistic, then you have to say no and adjust your expectations.
A. Be fair to yourself.
B. Stay true to yourself.
C. You can’t be everything for everyone.
D. The reality is that you are not being recognized.
E. What someone is doing with their life has nothing to do with you.
F. If a pursuit will truly improve the quality of your life, then go for it.
G. The same can be said about other pursuits such as accumulating wealth and status.
【答案】6. D 7. F 8. C 9. E 10. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文针对为自己设定健康的界限提出了一些建议。
6. 根据上文“Behind every fancy purchase is a desire for status and recognition. You secretly want to be noticed for wearing a new watch or carrying a designer purse.(你暗地里想要因为戴了新手表或拿了名牌钱包而引起注意)”以及下文“So before taking action towards any attempt, such as making an expensive purchase or pursuing a job promotion, ask yourself, ‘Who am I doing this for ’(因此，在采取任何行动之前，比如购买昂贵的东西或追求升职，问问自己：‘我做这些是为了谁？’)”可知，上文提到想要用新手表或名牌包而吸引别人注意的行为，下文说在购买昂贵的东西之前问问自己是为了谁，由此说明上文想要用昂贵的东西吸引别人的行为不奏效，D项“现实是你没有被认出来”符合语境，故选D。
7. 根据下文“However, if you are pursuing something with the hopes of attracting attention, then you need to say no to yourself.(然而，如果你是为了吸引别人的注意而追求某件事，那么你需要对自己说不)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是描述可以去追求的情况，F项“如果一种追求真的能提高你的生活质量，那就去追求吧”符合语境，故选F。
8. 根据本段小标题“Honor your limits(尊重你极限)”下文“Trying to please everyone makes you vulnerable (脆弱的).(试图取悦每个人会让你变得脆弱)”可知，此处是描述要尊重自己的极限的原因，C项“你不可能成为所有人的一切”符合语境，故选C。
9. 根据上文“Stop comparing yourself to others.(不要拿自己和别人比较)”和下文“Focus on living a meaningful life that is consistent with your values and goals.(专注于与你的价值观和目标一致的有意义的生活)”可知，本段是说不要和别人比较，专注于自己的事情，故E项“别人在做什么与你无关”符合语境，故选E。
10. 空处是段落小标题，根据本段中“You are likely your worst critic. You secretly say things to yourself that you would never have the heart to tell others. Remember to have realistic expectations of yourself. When you set goals, consider whether you have set the standard at a reasonable level.(你可能是自己最严厉的批评者。你会偷偷地对自己说一些你不忍心告诉别人的话。记住要对自己有现实的期望。当你设定目标时，考虑一下你是否把标准设定在一个合理的水平上。)”可知，本段是说对自己的期望要实际一点，设定适度的目标，公平对待自己，故A项“对自己公平”符合语境，故选A。
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏溧水·溧水高级中学高二期中试题
Israeli Company Develops 3D Printed Beef
If there were an award for the funniest company name of 2022, then the 3D printed meat company “Steakholder” would win that award.
Israeli company Steakholder Foods Ltd. has introduced its new product, Omakase Beef Morsels, which are bioprinted with cultured meat. The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef, famous for its fat marbling patterns(大理石花纹) in the meat, which is also very expensive.
The company was formed in 2019 and has an office in Israel and Belgium, and is now expanding its operations to the US. ___11___
Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef, and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks.___12___ A bite can be made juicier, chewier, and the taste can also be altered.
___13___ The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield. The next step is proliferation, in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply. When the cells reach appropriate numbers, the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells. ___14___
“This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,” said Arik Kaufman, CEO of Steakholder Foods. “It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes.”
___15___ Its patent for 3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its 3D printing engineers and cell biologists. “We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food, technology and fine art,” Kaufman said. “We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences.”
So there you have it, guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.
A. The company has already achieved several milestones since it was founded.
B. Its goal is to create sustainable meat products to replace meats such as beef, chicken and even fish.
C. The layers of meat and fat can be regrouped in different proportions to create different flavor experiences.
D. Additionally, producing meat without having to raise and kill cattle may work out better for ensuring animal welfare and overall health.
E. The meat product is the first of its kind and was created using a specific 3D-bioprinting technology that was recently patented by the company.
F. In the final steps, the muscle cells and fat cells are turned into meat, ready to be processed into the final product, whether it’s a burger, steak, or even a meatloaf.
G. The process works by first selecting the animals to extract(提取) the stem cells from.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. G 14. F 15. A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍以色列的一家公司研发了3D打印牛排。
11. 上文“The company was formed in 2019 and has an office in Israel and Belgium, and is now expanding its operations to the US.”(该公司成立于2019年，在以色列和比利时设有办事处，目前正在将业务扩展至美国)提出公司在拓展业务，B选项“其目标是创造可持续的肉类产品，以取代牛肉、鸡肉甚至鱼等肉类”承接上文，进一步展望其远景目标，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
12. 上文“Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef, and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks.”(利益相关者使用牛的干细胞来生产打印牛肉，肌肉组织和脂肪由两种不同的生物墨水打印)介绍打印牛肉的成分构成。C选项“肉和脂肪的层次可以以不同的比例重新组合，以创造不同的风味体验”承接上文，介绍打印牛肉中的技术细节：可以通过调配比例打印出不同风味的牛肉，上下文语意连贯，都是介绍打印牛肉相关技术。故选C。
13. 下文“The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield.”(这些细胞是从能提供最佳肉类和产量的动物身上挑选出来的)中出现特指的名词“The cells”，结合指代关系可知，上文中会出现该名词，G项“The process works by first selecting the animals to extract (提取) the stem cells from.”(该过程的工作原理是首先选择要从中提取干细胞的动物)中出现“the stem cells”，与下文构成照应关系。同时，G项与下文一起介绍了使用牛的干细胞来生产打印牛肉的步骤。故选G。
14. 根据上文“The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield. The next step is proliferation, in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply. When the cells reach appropriate numbers, the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells.”(这些细胞选自能够提供最佳肉类和产量的动物。下一步是增殖，将细胞放入营养丰富的反应器中增殖。当细胞达到适当的数量时，干细胞会变成肌肉细胞和脂肪细胞)可知，这一段主要介绍打印牛肉的制作过程。选项F“在最后的步骤中，肌肉细胞和脂肪细胞被转化为肉，准备加工成最终产品，无论是汉堡、牛排，甚至是肉饼”和上文意思一致，其中“In the final steps”与上文“The next step”相照应。故选F。
15. 根据下文“Its patent for 3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its 3D printing engineers and cell biologists.”(其3D生物打印技术的专利是其3D打印工程师和细胞生物学家密切合作的结果)可知，这一段主要介绍公司取得的成绩。A选项“自成立以来，该公司已经取得了几个里程碑式的成就”是段首主题句。故选A。
Passage 4
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏镇江·高二期中试卷
The key to your dream workout routine
There was a time in my life when I hated working out.____16____How is that so, you ask Well, it wasn’t easy, but I found a couple of ways to make myself stick to a routine. So, if you’re trying to workout consistently, here are some tips.
Don’t push yourself too much, especially if you haven’t worked out in a long time or at all.____17____. Starting off too difficult often makes you lose motivation and could also lead to bad self-esteem. Start small, and then gradually increase intensity.
Stop convincing yourself that you don’t have time to workout. It doesn’t matter how busy your schedule is — you could take 10 minutes out of your day to take a walk around campus.____18____
____19____You could workout with friends or family, create a playlist to workout to, or watch your favorites show while working out. Try switching up the setting where you workout by taking a walk in the park or doing yoga on the quad — anything to get yourself excited to work out.
It’s okay to take a break. When you first start working out, it can be tough. I was getting all Sorts of aches and pains when I first started, and I often denied myself rest days because I felt like I always had to workout at the highest intensity. Please remember to take a break. Your body needs to reset.____20____
Sticking to a workout routine can be difficult but if you follow some of these tips, you may find that you’re able to work out more consistently.
A. Create a realistic workout plan.
B. Just the thought of it was horrible.
C. Find ways to make exercising more fun.
D. Try multiple activities to find one that you love.
E. Once you’re feeling better, you can get back to it.
F. Now, working out is one of my favorite things to do.
G. Even if it’s only a small amount, any exercise is enough to get you started.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何实现锻炼计划给出四点建议。
16. 上文“There was a time in my life when I hated working out.(我生命中曾经有一段时间讨厌健身)”讲作者曾经讨厌健身，但下文“Well, it wasn’t easy, but I found a couple of ways to make myself stick to a routine. So, if you’re trying to workout consistently, here are some tips.(好吧，这并不容易，但我找到了一些方法让自己坚持常规锻炼。所以，如果你想坚持锻炼，这里有一些建议)”却说自己找到了让自己坚持锻炼的方法并准备分享经验，上下文有转折关系。F项“Now, working out is one of my favorite things to do.(现在，锻炼是我最喜欢做的事情之一)”承上启下，句中“Now”与上文“There was a time in my life”相成对比，说明自己的变化。故选F项。
17. 上文“Don’t push yourself too much, especially if you haven’t worked out in a long time or at all.(不要对自己要求太高，尤其是如果你很长一段时间没有锻炼或者根本没有锻炼的话)”提出建议：开始的时候不要对自己要求太高，下文“Starting off too difficult often makes you lose motivation and could also lead to bad self-esteem.(开始时太困难往往会让你失去动力，也可能导致糟糕的自尊)”说明开始的时候要求过高可能会带来的影响，A项“Create a realistic workout plan.(制定一个切实可行的锻炼计划)”承上启下，提出要制定合理的锻炼计划，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
18. 上文“Stop convincing yourself that you don’t have time to workout. It doesn’t matter how busy your schedule is — you could take 10 minutes out of your day to take a walk around campus.(不要再说服自己没有时间锻炼了。不管你的日程安排有多忙，你都可以抽出10分钟在校园里散散步)”提出不管多忙，都可以找时间锻炼，即便是在校园里散散步，G项“Even if it’s only a small amount, any exercise is enough to get you started.(即使时间很短，任何运动都足以让你开始锻炼)”承接上文，说明要从简单的事情做起，千里之行，始于足下，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
19. 根据下文“You could workout with friends or family, create a playlist to workout to, or watch your favorites show while working out. Try switching up the setting where you workout by taking a walk in the park or doing yoga on the quad — anything to get yourself excited to work out.(你可以和朋友或家人一起锻炼，创建一个锻炼列表来作为锻炼目标，或者在锻炼的时候看你最喜欢的节目。试着改变你锻炼的环境，比如在公园里散步或在院子里做瑜伽——任何能让你兴奋起来的事情)”可推知，本段主要讲要尝试用不同的方式让锻炼变得有趣，C项“Find ways to make exercising more fun.(想办法让锻炼变得更有趣)”是全段内容的概括，作段首主题句。故选C项。
20. 上文“Please remember to take a break. Your body needs to reset.(请记得休息一下。你的身体需要重置)”提出身体需要休息和重置，E项“Once you’re feeling better, you can get back to it.(一旦你感觉好些了，你就可以回去锻炼了)”承接上文，说明身体得到休息后可以继续锻炼，句中“feeling better”是上文“take a break”和“reset”的结果，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
Passage 5
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏镇江·高二期中试卷
Do you have an important or favorite memory from the past Perhaps it was clapping for goals, or seeing rainbow picture in the window. Shared memories can connect you to others. ____21____
How does memory work
Scientists believe there are two levels of memory. One is short-term or working memory, which stays in our brain for only 15-30 seconds. The other level is long-term or permanent memory, which can be stored for days, or even years.
Motor-skill memories help you remember how to ride a bike; factual memories help you to remember faces. ____22____ Emotional memories recall how you felt about something and can be strong and powerful. Remembering the sadness of missing your friends during lockdown, and being happy and excited to see them again afterwards, are emotional memories. They are long term and can sometimes last a lifetime.
Why are memories important
____23____ Information such as which school you go to and who your friends are is stored inside your brain, ready for when you need it. Memories can also help you manage feelings. Heidi, 12, told The Week, “If I miss seeing my granny and granddad, I remember staying with them in Devon. It makes me feel happy, like when I was there.”
“When people think of shared experience, what usually comes to mind is being with close others, such as friends or family, and talking with them,” Erica Boothby, a social-psychologist, said. By telling a funny or embarrassing story we share feelings of joy or recognition of difficulties overcome. By sharing similar or not-o-similar experiences, we empathize(产生共鸣) with and understand one another better.
____24____
Kim Roberts, a professor who runs the Child Memory Lab in Canada, believes focusing on happy memories will help you feel more positive. ____25____ Roberts says it’s also helpful to remember that if you missed out on your last term at school, or birthday celebrations, then your friends did too. One day you will look back on this year as an important memory that you all share.
A. When do memories fade
B. Can memories help wellbeing
C. Memories tell you the story of yourself.
D. Emotional memories are usually sad ones.
E. These types of memories can be short or long term.
F. If you have difficult memories though, it is important to talk about them.
G. By sharing our memories, we can feel closer to other people and more positive.
【答案】21. G 22. E 23. C 24. B 25. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了分享记忆可以把你和别人联系起来，通过分享我们的记忆，我们可以感到与他人更亲近，更积极。解释了记忆是如何工作的、为何记忆重要以及记忆对健康的影响。
21. 根据上文“Do you have an important or favorite memory from the past Perhaps it was clapping for goals, or seeing rainbow picture in the window. Shared memories can connect you to others.(你是否对过去有过重要或喜爱的回忆？也许是为进球而鼓掌，或者是看到橱窗里的彩虹画。分享记忆可以把你和别人联系起来)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明分享记忆如何让我们和别人联系起来：我们可以感到与他人更亲近，更积极。故G选项“通过分享我们的记忆，我们可以感到与他人更亲近，更积极”承接上文。故选G。
22. 根据上文“Motor-skill memories help you remember how to ride a bike; factual memories help you to remember faces.(机动技能记忆帮助你记住如何骑自行车；事实记忆帮助你记住面孔)”以及后文“Emotional memories recall how you felt about something and can be strong and powerful. Remembering the sadness of missing your friends during lockdown, and being happy and excited to see them again afterwards, are emotional memories. They are long term and can sometimes last a lifetime.(情感记忆能回忆起你对某件事的感觉，它很强大。想起禁闭期间想念朋友的悲伤，以及之后再次见到他们的高兴和兴奋，都是情感记忆。它们是长期的，有时可能持续一生)”可知，本句旨在说明上文提到的两种记忆类型的特点，E选项中long term对应后文中long term。故E选项“这些类型的记忆可以是短期的，也可以是长期的”符合语境。故选E。
23. 根据后文“Information such as which school you go to and who your friends are is stored inside your brain, ready for when you need it. Memories can also help you manage feelings. Heidi, 12, told The Week, “If I miss seeing my granny and granddad, I remember staying with them in Devon. It makes me feel happy, like when I was there.”(你上的是哪所学校，你的朋友是谁，这些信息都储存在你的大脑里，在你需要的时候随时可以使用。记忆也可以帮助你管理情绪。12岁的海蒂告诉《The Week》杂志说：“如果我想念我的爷爷奶奶，我会记得和他们在德文郡的时候。这让我感到快乐，就像我在那里的时候一样。”)”可知，后文具体列举了储存在大脑里回忆，可知本句是在建议回忆。故C选项“回忆告诉你自己的故事”符合语境。故选C。
24. 根据后文“Kim Roberts, a professor who runs the Child Memory Lab in Canada, believes focusing on happy memories will help you feel more positive.(加拿大儿童记忆实验室的负责人金·罗伯茨教授认为，专注于快乐记忆将帮助你感觉更积极)”可知，后文提到记忆可以帮助感觉更积极，即在说明记忆对健康的影响。故B选项“记忆有助于健康吗？”符合语境。故选B。
25. 根据后文“Roberts says it’s also helpful to remember that if you missed out on your last term at school, or birthday celebrations, then your friends did too. One day you will look back on this year as an important memory that you all share.(罗伯茨说，如果你在学校错过了最后一个学期或生日庆祝活动，那么你的朋友也会错过，记住这一点也很有帮助。总有一天，当你们回顾这一年的时候，会觉得这是你们共同拥有的重要回忆)”可知，后文列举了一些不好的记忆，指出这些不好的记忆也能有帮助，故F选项“如果你有不好的记忆，那么把它们说出来是很重要的”符合语境。故选F。
热点考向01 人与社会—方法和策略
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏宿迁·高二期中试卷
The unpredictable nature of disasters is stressful. ___1___ Here’s what you should do in specific types of disasters.
Hurricane
When a hurricane is approaching, people in its direct path are often all heading in the opposite direction, which means the traffic on the way out can be extreme. ___2___ If you don’t have a car, make plans to go with friends or family. What’s more, it’s very important to pay attention to all government warnings before and during a hurricane.
Winter storms
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents and several health conditions such as heart disease. ___3___ Besides, remember to dress warmly, prepare for power outages(断供期), and keep an eye out for signs of serious health conditions. If you have to risk going out, remember to stay warm. ___4___
Flood
___5___ Try to bring some water and food with you. If you live in a one-story home, put mattresses(床垫) on top of a dining room table for extra height in case water rushes inside. But be careful about going inside an attic(阁楼). You may find that you don’t have a way back out.
A. So, if you’re going to leave, leave early.
B. That’s why having an action plan in place is so important.
C. To help minimize your risk, you’re advised to stay indoors.
D. Cover as much skin as you can with hats, warm socks, gloves, etc.
E. During a flood, it’s best to go to a high floor, ideally near a window.
F. You can see if your home has a high flood risk through the flood maps.
G It’s important to ensure that all family members “know the plan inside and out.”
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在特定类型的灾难中应该做的事情，主要是面临飓风、冬季风暴和洪水时的行动。
1. 根据前文“The unpredictable nature of disasters is stressful.(灾难的不可预测性让人倍感压力)”和后文“Here’s what you should do in specific types of disasters.(以下是在特定类型的灾难中应该做的事情)”可知，本段介绍针对灾难应该采取相应行动这一话题，空处应承接前文说明这种不可预测性带来的影响。B项“That’s why having an action plan in place is so important.(这就是为什么制定一个行动计划是如此重要)”符合语境，其中的“That”指代前文的内容。故选B。
2. 根据前文“When a hurricane is approaching, people in its direct path are often all heading in the opposite direction, which means the traffic on the way out can be extreme.(当飓风逼近时，在其直接路径上的人们通常都朝着相反的方向前进，这意味着出去的交通可能会非常拥挤)”可知，前文讨论飓风逼近时引起的交通拥堵问题，空处应针对这一问题提出应做的事情。A项“So, if you’re going to leave, leave early.(所以，如果你要走，就早点走)”符合语境。故选A。
3. 根据前文“According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents and several health conditions such as heart disease.(据联邦紧急事务管理局称，冬季风暴会增加车祸和心脏病等几种健康问题的风险)”可知，前文讨论冬季风暴增加健康问题的风险，空处应针对这一问题提出应做的事情。C项“To help minimize your risk, you’re advised to stay indoors.(为了降低风险，建议你呆在室内)”符合语境，其中的“minimize your risk”与前文的“a higher risk of”呼应。故选C。
4. 根据前文“If you have to risk going out, remember to stay warm.(如果你必须冒险外出，记得保暖)”可知，前文讨论不得已在冬季风暴的时候出门应保暖，空处应会具体说明如何保暖。D项“Cover as much skin as you can with hats, warm socks, gloves, etc.(用帽子、保暖的袜子、手套等尽可能多地覆盖你的皮肤)”符合语境。故选D。
5. 空处位于段首，应讨论洪水来临时应采取的行动，且需和后文衔接。根据后文“Try to bring some water and food with you. If you live in a one-story home, put mattresses (床垫) on top of a dining room table for extra height in case water rushes inside. (尽量带些水和食物。如果你住在一层楼的房子里，在餐厅的桌子上放上床垫，增加高度，以防水涌入)”可推知，空处应该会提到去往某个地方躲避洪水。E项“During a flood, it’s best to go to a high floor, ideally near a window.(在洪水期间，最好去高的楼层，最好靠近窗户)”符合语境。故选E。
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏姜堰·高二阶段测试
The fear of elevators is actually one of the most common phobias(恐惧症) experienced today. ____6____ When combined with these other conditions, the fear of elevators is highly common, and usually successfully treated.
____7____ Some may be frightened of being up so high. Others may be afraid of the enclosed space. Still others are afraid to be close to other people.
Since so many people suffer from the fear of elevators, there may be support groups in some areas. These are most common in cities with lots of tall buildings where riding an elevator is almost impossible to avoid in day-to-day life. ____8____
Usually, the fear of elevators can be treated. Let sufferers visualize riding an elevator and picture the aspects which are frightening. Then they may be required to involve themselves in the part that scares them most. For example, someone who is afraid of heights may start by climbing a ladder over and over again. ____9____ Next, they move on to a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may become lessened. Finally, they will be able to enter an elevator.
Sometimes just stepping into it is a start. ___10___This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methods which work when accomplishing smaller goals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevator may not cause anxiety at all.
A. They can stop this process when it causes little anxiety.
B. By now, you have identified what scares you most.
C. At other times, they will be asked to ride up a few flights.
D. Sufferers generally force themselves to face their fears.
E. Many aspects of riding an elevator may cause fear in sufferers.
F. In these locations, the fear of elevators can affect everyday activities.
G. It may present itself in correlation with another fear, such as the fear of limited spaces.
【答案】6. G 7. E 8. F 9. A 10. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克服电梯恐惧的方法。
6. 根据上文“The fear of elevators is actually one of the most common phobias (恐惧症) experienced today.(对电梯的恐惧实际上是当今最常见的恐惧症之一)”以及后文“When combined with these other conditions, the fear of elevators is highly common, and usually successfully treated.(当与这些其他情况相结合时，对电梯的恐惧是非常普遍的，并且通常能成功地治疗)”可知，电梯恐惧可能与其他恐惧相结合，由此可知，空处提到了另一种有关的恐惧。G选项It指代上文phobias。故G选项“它可能与另一种恐惧相关，比如对有限空间的恐惧”符合语境，故选G。
7. 根据后文“Some may be frightened of being up so high. Others may be afraid of the enclosed space. Still others are afraid to be close to other people.(有些人可能害怕高。其他人可能会害怕封闭的空间。还有一些人害怕与他人亲近)”可知，后文列举了不同人不同的恐惧，本句为本段第一句，应总起下文，故E选项“乘坐电梯的许多方面可能会引起患者的恐惧”符合语境，故选E。
8. 根据上文“Since so many people suffer from the fear of elevators, there may be support groups in some areas. These are most common in cities with lots of tall buildings where riding an elevator is almost impossible to avoid in day-to-day life.(由于很多人都有电梯恐惧症，在一些地区可能会有支持团体。这在高楼林立的城市里最为常见，在这些城市里，日常生活中几乎不可能避免乘坐电梯)”可知，上文提到“在这些城市里，日常生活中几乎不可能避免乘坐电梯”，说明在这些地方，对电梯的恐惧会影响日常生活，故F选项“在这些地方，对电梯的恐惧会影响日常活动”符合语境，故选F。
9. 根据上文“For example, someone who is afraid of heights may start by climbing a ladder over and over again.(例如，一个恐高的人可能会一遍又一遍地爬梯子)”以及后文“Next, they move on to a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may become lessened. Finally, they will be able to enter an elevator.(接下来，它们会爬到更高的地方，比如爬树。当他们体验到越来越高水平的高度时，他们的恐惧可能会减少。最后，他们将能够进入电梯)”可知，上文提到了先通过爬梯子来减少恐高，然后再通过爬树灯来克服更高的高度。由此可知，当对爬梯子的恐惧减少后，可以进入下一个挑战。故A选项“他们可以在很少引起焦虑的情况下停止这个过程”符合语境，故选A。
10. 根据上文“Sometimes just stepping into it is a start.(有时候，只是步入电梯就是一个开始)”以及后文“This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methods which work when accomplishing smaller goals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevator may not cause anxiety at all.(这可能会在最初几次引起焦虑。但是当他们完成较小的目标时，他们可以使用有效的方法。最后，经过多次尝试，乘坐电梯可能根本不会引起焦虑)”可知，步入电梯是一个开始，但如何要克服电梯恐惧，还需要练习乘坐几层楼，故C选项“在其他时候，他们会被要求乘坐几层楼”符合语境，故选C。
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏响水·高二期中试卷
How to Study Effectively
With pressure and competition rising in education, students nowadays are eager to find the best methods or tools to improve their academic scores. So, questions like “What is the best study method ” or “How can I learn knowledge faster ” arise in their minds.____11____.
Play the role of a teacher
A useful way to remember lessons is to explain them aloud to yourself. Once you learn a study material, try to explain it to yourself or your friends as your teachers explain it to you. This will help you to clear your confusion related to the lesson.____12____. This will not only help the details stick in your mind but help you to be well prepared for your exams.
____13____
Many students face a challenge like “Why can’t I remember what I’ve studied ”. ____14____. A tired brain is a barrier to learning. Exercise before studying helps to lift your mood. In fact, physical activity helps wake you up so you feel ready when you sit down with your books.
Absorb information in smaller chunks (块)
____15____ : You divide the 11 numbers into three smaller groups. It’s easier to get these three chunks to stick in your mind than it is to remember the whole thing as a single string of information. You can use this strategy when studying by breaking a list down into smaller parts. Work on memorizing each part as its own group.
Last but not the least, these tips on how to study effectively can only work if there is enough motivation and willpower to do well. You have to motivate yourself to reach the study goals.
A. Work out before studying
B. You can call your parents for help
C. Start with your toughest assignments
D. It has a lot to do with the brain getting too tired
E. Think about how you memorize a phone number
F. The following are some of the best tips on how to study effectively
G. Also, you can ask yourself questions just like your teachers would ask you
【答案】11. F 12. G 13. A 14. D 15. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述如何有效学习。
11. 空前“So, questions like ‘What is the best study method ’ or ‘How can I learn knowledge faster ’ arise in their minds.(所以，像‘最好的学习方法是什么？’或者‘我怎样才能更快地学习知识？’这样的问题在他们心中升起)”提到关于如何有效学习的两个问题，下文描述了三个方法，故F项“下面是一些关于如何有效学习的建议”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
12. 根据本段小标题“Play the role of a teacher (扮演老师的角色)”及空后“This will not only help the details stick in your mind but help you to be well prepared for your exams.(这不仅可以帮助你记住细节，还可以帮助你为考试做好准备)”可知，空处是提到扮演老师的角色的另一种做法，下文是其好处，G项“此外，你也可以像老师一样提问自己”符合语境。故选G。
13. 根据本段的内容，尤其是“Exercise before studying helps to lift your mood. In fact, physical activity helps wake you up so you feel ready when you sit down with your books.(学习前锻炼有助于提升你的情绪。事实上，体育活动有助于唤醒你，这样当你坐下来看书时，你就会感觉准备好了)”可知，本段和锻炼有关，故A项“在学习前进行锻炼”符合语境。故选A。
14. 上文“Many students face a challenge like ‘Why can’t I remember what I’ve studied ’.(许多学生面临像这样的挑战‘为什么我记不住我学过的东西？’)”提到，很多学生疑惑自己为什么记不住学过的东西，结合空后“A tired brain is a barrier to learning.(大脑疲劳是学习的障碍)”可知，记不住学过的东西应是和大脑疲劳有关系，D项“这和大脑疲劳有很大关系”符合语境。故选D。
15. 根据本段小标题“Absorb information in smaller chunks(块)(把信息分成小块吸收)”及空后“You divide the 11 numbers into three smaller groups.(你把这11个数字分成三个小的组)”可知，此处是描述用把信息分成小块的方法记住电话号码，E项“想想你是如何记住一个手机号码的”符合语境。故选E。
Passage 4
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏连云港·东海县高二期中试题
It is impossible to have clear communication without clear thinking. How can I give you a clear idea of something if it is not first clear in my own mind However, clear ideas do not guarantee clear communication. I may have a perfectly good idea of what I’m trying to say, but can’t succeed in getting my ideas across clearly and effectively. ____6____
Don’t think your audience understand your meaning if not making it explicit.
The more complicated the subject matter dealt with, the more important this point is. ____7____ It is necessary for a correct understanding of the subject we’re speaking on, but in fact the audience may know little about this information.
Don’t treat evaluative statements as if they were statements of objective fact.
“The Pearce Building is on the corner of Main and Adams” is a statement of objective fact, and as such it is either true or false. “The Pearce Building is ugly” is an evaluative statement. ____8____. Evaluative statements do not lend themselves to a simple true-or-false response. True statements of objective fact are not open to argument; evaluative statements are.
____9____
In Spanish, double negatives have the effect of strengthening the negative import of a sentence. In English, double negatives cancel each other out. ____20____ To avoid that confusion, it’s better to say “She would be welcome” instead of saying, “It is not unlikely that she would be welcome.”
A. Avoi专题04 阅读七选五
高频话题01 人与自我—兴趣爱好
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏淮安·淮安区高二期中调研测试
With the popularity of electronic devices, you find it harder to tear your children away from iPads and curl up with a good book. ____1____ So, how can you cultivate in your kids a love of reading, as well as the habits of a lifelong reader
First of all, be sure to choose accessible books. Authoritative reading lists are a great guideline for the books you select for your kids. ____2____ A quick way to assess whether or not a book suits your child is to have them read a page from it. If he or she comes across 2-3 unfamiliar words, that book in general should be at his or her level. This doesn’t mean more challenging books should be thrown aside completely. These books provide a great opportunity for group reading and discussion with a parent. ____3____
Another way is to let your kids have a say in what they want to read. Have them select books based on his or her interest and books they find enjoyable. ____4____ Such fun books as Captain Underpants, comics, and even the Guinness Book of World Records suit kids’ taste and serve the purpose.
Finally, create settings where reading is a natural part of their positive memories. ____5____ Read while lying on the beach, or snuggle up with family and a beloved book. When associating reading with the happy memories, kids will be much more willing to read at their leisure as they grow older.
A. There are endless means of doing this.
B. To improve their reading skills is essential.
C. Books with top-level difficulty are unavailable.
D. Reading is a fantastic way to relax and reduce stress.
E. The benefits of reading are beyond question even in the digital age.
F. Even so, you’d better single out books appropriate to their reading levels.
G. The joint reading sessions are invaluable for your child’s growth as a reader.
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏海门·高二期中试卷
Top Tips on Staying Warmer in Colder Months
With the rising cost of living affecting all of us, staying warmer this winter feels like it’s going to be a difficult task. The government has already brought in measures to help with the cost of living. ____6____. Read on for some small tips that could make a big difference and help you stay warmer in colder months.
Love layers
Rather than snuggling into one big jumper, think about wearing plenty of thin layers instead. ____7____ It acts as an insulator(绝缘体)-keeping you warmer than if you just wore one thick one. Don’t forget the thermal underwear when it’s really chilly. Clothes made from wool and cotton are the warmest.
Warm from the inside out
Winter is a great time for rustling up soups and stews, but even a bowl of hot porridge can set you up from breakfast onwards. Eating hot, nutritious dishes can keep you warm and healthy. ____8____
Heat carefully
If you’re able to heat all of your rooms, keep your main living room at 18-21 ℃(64-70℉F) and the rest of your house around 16 ℃(61°F). ____9____Heat the living room during the day and the bedroom just before you go to sleep. And don’t forget to have your heating system serviced regularly to make sure it’s working well.
____10____
Staying active is good for your health in general, but if it is too cold to walk outside, then catching up on the household chores is a great way of making sure you’re getting up and about. Even light exercise can keep you warm, so grab that vacuum cleaner or duster, get moving and make your house shine.
A. Do the housework
B. Exercise regularly
C. Given the price of fuel, if this isn’t possible, be selective
D. However, there are still other things you can do to keep the heat in
E. Therefore, try to eat at least one hot meal a day with regular hot drinks
F. Multiple thin layers allow warm air to become trapped between the layers
G. Along with layers, make sure you wrap up in a scarf, hat and gloves when you are outside.
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏盐城·三校高二期中联
Public speaking is the act of speaking to a large group of people in a highly organized manner.____11____The ability to speak confidently in public not only will make you stand out while in college, but also will enable you to play an active role in your workplace in the future.
Public speaking often involves two major stages of work. As for the preparation, you should start with an audience analysis and decide on a speech topic and purpose.____12____After you analyze your audience and set a speech objective, you need to gather materials to support your idea.____13____After you gather enough materials about the topic, you then need to organize them clearly and logically.
____14____In a speech, shorter and simpler words and sentences are preferred to long and complex ones so that the listening audience will understand well. Besides, in order to bring emotional responses in the audience, various kinds of rhetorical devices(修辞手法) are often employed to add power to the speech language.
To successfully deliver a speech, you need to do a lot of work as well.____15____Maybe you also need to prepare some visual(视觉的) aids such as PowerPoint to help your audience understand you well.
A. Some people think that public speaking can be trained.
B. Knowing the art of public speaking is very important.
C. In addition, you should pay attention to the topic of your speech.
D. The language of a speech tends to be different from that of writing.
E. You can gather these materials from the Internet or your personal experience.
F. You need to make effective use of your voice to convey your message clearly.
G. The more you know about your audience, the better you will prepare the speech.
高频话题02 人与社会/自然—旅游/环境保护
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·南师大附中江宁分校高二期中试卷
On the day of my birthday, I was really excited since I was going to an amusement park for the first time in my life with some of my friends, together with my parents.
___1___ Everything in sight was “amazing”. I was really attracted. Everywhere people were moving excitedly from one ride to another with the screams of laughter from every direction. People dressed up like clowns were entertaining the kids, and the most exciting was the roller coaster.
My parents handed me some money and told us to enjoy the rides. We first queued up for the roller coaster, which was the greatest attraction of all. Soon we were seated on the ride and held on to the bars holding us firmly to our seats. ___2___ The wind moved through our hair and we tightly closed our eyes. It was really thrilling experience!
We headed straight for the bumper cars and soon started bumping into each other with as much force as we could, enjoying ourselves to the fullest. Then we went for those shooting games. ___3___ We were soon loaded with some soft toys which made us happy, though the age for playing with soft toys was long gone for us.
___4___ We entered the house with heads held high, but came out with our hearts beating fast. And we were shaking from head to foot.
During all this, we hadn’t noticed time fly and it was getting dark, so we said goodbye and returned home. ___5___
A. There we can get a prize if we hit the target.
B. Is it a wonderful visit to an amusement park
C. Then came the most scary part, The Freaky House.
D. That night in my dream all the fun images returned.
E. The next few minutes were full of screams and laughter.
F. We wandered in the park attracted by the adorable characters.
G. On reaching the park, we bought tickets and entered the park.
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏海安·海安高级中学高二期中试题
The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open-air shopping where streel vendors (小贩) take over a designated street to set up stalls(货摊). The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls, enjoy the smell of local foods and maybe pick up some items.
Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. ____6____There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit.
The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can get anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.____7____.
It is no secret that all-night markets share a common treasure — tasty street cuisine.____8____ The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
____9____Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets.
Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.____10____.
A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here.
B. There is so much to see, buy and eat.
C. People would complain about the noises here.
D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market.
E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes.
F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand.
G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too.
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏连云港·锦屏高级中学等四校高二期中试卷
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. ____11____They calculated there were 38 million pieces of plastic. “This is not an issue to ignore. We need to do something now to protect the sea.” said one scientist.
Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents(洋流) collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. ____12____
The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”, ____13____ Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will be three times by 2050.
____14____ While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. He hopes to reduce the patch by 50% in just five years.
“Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology,” he says. “____15____ Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start!”
A. it goes unnoticed and finds its way to human bodies.
B. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss.
C. To work with the currents would help collect the waste.
D. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century.
E. However, there are some young minds working to clean up the sea for future generations.
F. Although remote and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in plastic waste.
G. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”.
高频话题03 人与自我—饮食健康
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏扬州·宝应县高二期中试卷
You can learn a lot from the design and color of food packaging.____1____And if you’ve ever glanced at the back of a food package, you know it’s full of information: the story of the brand, nutritional figures, ingredients, and something called a “serving size”.
____2____They’re several brightly colored circles or squares that look like some sort of secret language. However, these shapes aren’t an indication of flavors, vitamins, or minerals.
The colored circles on food packages can come in a variety of colors. Apparently, those colored circles are called “printers’ color blocks” or “process control patches”.____3____
We consulted an expert printing engineer, Meg Schiraldi, to find out exactly what the colored circles mean. “When the packaging is printed, technicians need to check the colored circles.____4____ They compare the color to boxes printed around the world to ensure the consistent brand color,” Meg explained.
So there you have it! Colored circles on food packages help printers to match colors when they’re printing food packaging and ensure global brand consistency.____5____Thanks, colored circles!
A. Most printers only use the four colors.
B. This helps them match challenging colors.
C. Without them, food packages would be a mess.
D. There’re other things printed on the back of most food packaging.
E. The color of a packet of M&M’s, for example, can tell you the flavor.
F. They do that to ensure the printing ink is the correct color and quality.
G. And they’re there to help the printing team who print the food packaging.
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·六校联合体高二5月期中试题
Establishing healthy boundaries with yourself will help you stay within your range of control and prioritize what matters most. Here are some tips.
Be honest with yourself
Behind every fancy purchase is a desire for status and recognition. You secretly want to be noticed for wearing a new watch or carrying a designer purse. ____6____So before taking action towards any attempt, such as making an expensive purchase or pursuing a job promotion, ask yourself, “Who am I doing this for ”____7____ However, if you are pursuing something with the hopes of attracting attention, then you need to say no to yourself.
Honor your limits
____8____Trying to please everyone makes you vulnerable(脆弱的). The truth is you have limited energy and time. It is important that you are wise with your resources. The importance of honoring your limits is highlighted by the Greek mythological story. The story is a reminder that pushing yourself too hard for too long ultimately comes at a cost.
Stop comparing yourself to others
People will engage in behaviors that trigger you. It might be tempting to enter an undeclared competition with the Joneses. This approach does not work because there is always someone out there who has more of what you desire.
Stop comparing yourself to others. ____9____Focus on living a meaningful life that is consistent with your values and goals.
____10____
You are likely your worst critic. You secretly say things to yourself that you would never have the heart to tell others. Remember to have realistic expectations of yourself. When you set goals, consider whether you have set the standard at a reasonable level. If the goal is unrealistic, then you have to say no and adjust your expectations.
A. Be fair to yourself.
B. Stay true to yourself.
C. You can’t be everything for everyone.
D. The reality is that you are not being recognized.
E. What someone is doing with their life has nothing to do with you.
F. If a pursuit will truly improve the quality of your life, then go for it.
G. The same can be said about other pursuits such as accumulating wealth and status.
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏溧水·溧水高级中学高二期中试题
Israeli Company Develops 3D Printed Beef
If there were an award for the funniest company name of 2022, then the 3D printed meat company “Steakholder” would win that award.
Israeli company Steakholder Foods Ltd. has introduced its new product, Omakase Beef Morsels, which are bioprinted with cultured meat. The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef, famous for its fat marbling patterns(大理石花纹) in the meat, which is also very expensive.
The company was formed in 2019 and has an office in Israel and Belgium, and is now expanding its operations to the US. ___11___
Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef, and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks.___12___ A bite can be made juicier, chewier, and the taste can also be altered.
___13___ The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield. The next step is proliferation, in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply. When the cells reach appropriate numbers, the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells. ___14___
“This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,” said Arik Kaufman, CEO of Steakholder Foods. “It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes.”
___15___ Its patent for 3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its 3D printing engineers and cell biologists. “We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food, technology and fine art,” Kaufman said. “We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences.”
So there you have it, guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.
A. The company has already achieved several milestones since it was founded.
B. Its goal is to create sustainable meat products to replace meats such as beef, chicken and even fish.
C. The layers of meat and fat can be regrouped in different proportions to create different flavor experiences.
D. Additionally, producing meat without having to raise and kill cattle may work out better for ensuring animal welfare and overall health.
E. The meat product is the first of its kind and was created using a specific 3D-bioprinting technology that was recently patented by the company.
F. In the final steps, the muscle cells and fat cells are turned into meat, ready to be processed into the final product, whether it’s a burger, steak, or even a meatloaf.
G. The process works by first selecting the animals to extract(提取) the stem cells from.
Passage 4
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏镇江·高二期中试卷
The key to your dream workout routine
There was a time in my life when I hated working out.____16____How is that so, you ask Well, it wasn’t easy, but I found a couple of ways to make myself stick to a routine. So, if you’re trying to workout consistently, here are some tips.
Don’t push yourself too much, especially if you haven’t worked out in a long time or at all.____17____. Starting off too difficult often makes you lose motivation and could also lead to bad self-esteem. Start small, and then gradually increase intensity.
Stop convincing yourself that you don’t have time to workout. It doesn’t matter how busy your schedule is — you could take 10 minutes out of your day to take a walk around campus.____18____
____19____You could workout with friends or family, create a playlist to workout to, or watch your favorites show while working out. Try switching up the setting where you workout by taking a walk in the park or doing yoga on the quad — anything to get yourself excited to work out.
It’s okay to take a break. When you first start working out, it can be tough. I was getting all Sorts of aches and pains when I first started, and I often denied myself rest days because I felt like I always had to workout at the highest intensity. Please remember to take a break. Your body needs to reset.____20____
Sticking to a workout routine can be difficult but if you follow some of these tips, you may find that you’re able to work out more consistently.
A. Create a realistic workout plan.
B. Just the thought of it was horrible.
C. Find ways to make exercising more fun.
D. Try multiple activities to find one that you love.
E. Once you’re feeling better, you can get back to it.
F. Now, working out is one of my favorite things to do.
G. Even if it’s only a small amount, any exercise is enough to get you started.
Passage 5
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏镇江·高二期中试卷
Do you have an important or favorite memory from the past Perhaps it was clapping for goals, or seeing rainbow picture in the window. Shared memories can connect you to others. ____21____
How does memory work
Scientists believe there are two levels of memory. One is short-term or working memory, which stays in our brain for only 15-30 seconds. The other level is long-term or permanent memory, which can be stored for days, or even years.
Motor-skill memories help you remember how to ride a bike; factual memories help you to remember faces. ____22____ Emotional memories recall how you felt about something and can be strong and powerful. Remembering the sadness of missing your friends during lockdown, and being happy and excited to see them again afterwards, are emotional memories. They are long term and can sometimes last a lifetime.
Why are memories important
____23____ Information such as which school you go to and who your friends are is stored inside your brain, ready for when you need it. Memories can also help you manage feelings. Heidi, 12, told The Week, “If I miss seeing my granny and granddad, I remember staying with them in Devon. It makes me feel happy, like when I was there.”
“When people think of shared experience, what usually comes to mind is being with close others, such as friends or family, and talking with them,” Erica Boothby, a social-psychologist, said. By telling a funny or embarrassing story we share feelings of joy or recognition of difficulties overcome. By sharing similar or not-o-similar experiences, we empathize(产生共鸣) with and understand one another better.
____24____
Kim Roberts, a professor who runs the Child Memory Lab in Canada, believes focusing on happy memories will help you feel more positive. ____25____ Roberts says it’s also helpful to remember that if you missed out on your last term at school, or birthday celebrations, then your friends did too. One day you will look back on this year as an important memory that you all share.
A. When do memories fade
B. Can memories help wellbeing
C. Memories tell you the story of yourself.
D. Emotional memories are usually sad ones.
E. These types of memories can be short or long term.
F. If you have difficult memories though, it is important to talk about them.
G. By sharing our memories, we can feel closer to other people and more positive.
热点考向01 人与社会—方法和策略
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏宿迁·高二期中试卷
The unpredictable nature of disasters is stressful. ___1___ Here’s what you should do in specific types of disasters.
Hurricane
When a hurricane is approaching, people in its direct path are often all heading in the opposite direction, which means the traffic on the way out can be extreme. ___2___ If you don’t have a car, make plans to go with friends or family. What’s more, it’s very important to pay attention to all government warnings before and during a hurricane.
Winter storms
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents and several health conditions such as heart disease. ___3___ Besides, remember to dress warmly, prepare for power outages(断供期), and keep an eye out for signs of serious health conditions. If you have to risk going out, remember to stay warm. ___4___
Flood
___5___ Try to bring some water and food with you. If you live in a one-story home, put mattresses(床垫) on top of a dining room table for extra height in case water rushes inside. But be careful about going inside an attic(阁楼). You may find that you don’t have a way back out.
A. So, if you’re going to leave, leave early.
B. That’s why having an action plan in place is so important.
C. To help minimize your risk, you’re advised to stay indoors.
D. Cover as much skin as you can with hats, warm socks, gloves, etc.
E. During a flood, it’s best to go to a high floor, ideally near a window.
F. You can see if your home has a high flood risk through the flood maps.
G It’s important to ensure that all family members “know the plan inside and out.”
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏姜堰·高二阶段测试
The fear of elevators is actually one of the most common phobias(恐惧症) experienced today. ____6____ When combined with these other conditions, the fear of elevators is highly common, and usually successfully treated.
____7____ Some may be frightened of being up so high. Others may be afraid of the enclosed space. Still others are afraid to be close to other people.
Since so many people suffer from the fear of elevators, there may be support groups in some areas. These are most common in cities with lots of tall buildings where riding an elevator is almost impossible to avoid in day-to-day life. ____8____
Usually, the fear of elevators can be treated. Let sufferers visualize riding an elevator and picture the aspects which are frightening. Then they may be required to involve themselves in the part that scares them most. For example, someone who is afraid of heights may start by climbing a ladder over and over again. ____9____ Next, they move on to a greater height, such as climbing a tree. As they experience greater and greater levels, their fear may become lessened. Finally, they will be able to enter an elevator.
Sometimes just stepping into it is a start. ___10___This will likely still cause anxiety the first few times. But they can use methods which work when accomplishing smaller goals. Finally, after many attempts, riding an elevator may not cause anxiety at all.
A. They can stop this process when it causes little anxiety.
B. By now, you have identified what scares you most.
C. At other times, they will be asked to ride up a few flights.
D. Sufferers generally force themselves to face their fears.
E. Many aspects of riding an elevator may cause fear in sufferers.
F. In these locations, the fear of elevators can affect everyday activities.
G. It may present itself in correlation with another fear, such as the fear of limited spaces.
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏响水·高二期中试卷
How to Study Effectively
With pressure and competition rising in education, students nowadays are eager to find the best methods or tools to improve their academic scores. So, questions like “What is the best study method ” or “How can I learn knowledge faster ” arise in their minds.____11____.
Play the role of a teacher
A useful way to remember lessons is to explain them aloud to yourself. Once you learn a study material, try to explain it to yourself or your friends as your teachers explain it to you. This will help you to clear your confusion related to the lesson.____12____. This will not only help the details stick in your mind but help you to be well prepared for your exams.
____13____
Many students face a challenge like “Why can’t I remember what I’ve studied ”. ____14____. A tired brain is a barrier to learning. Exercise before studying helps to lift your mood. In fact, physical activity helps wake you up so you feel ready when you sit down with your books.
Absorb information in smaller chunks (块)
____15____ : You divide the 11 numbers into three smaller groups. It’s easier to get these three chunks to stick in your mind than it is to remember the whole thing as a single string of information. You can use this strategy when studying by breaking a list down into smaller parts. Work on memorizing each part as its own group.
Last but not the least, these tips on how to study effectively can only work if there is enough motivation and willpower to do well. You have to motivate yourself to reach the study goals.
A. Work out before studying
B. You can call your parents for help
C. Start with your toughest assignments
D. It has a lot to do with the brain getting too tired
E. Think about how you memorize a phone number
F. The following are some of the best tips on how to study effectively
G. Also, you can ask yourself questions just like your teachers would ask you
Passage 4
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏连云港·东海县高二期中试题
It is impossible to have clear communication without clear thinking. How can I give you a clear idea of something if it is not first clear in my own mind However, clear ideas do not guarantee clear communication. I may have a perfectly good idea of what I’m trying to say, but can’t succeed in getting my ideas across clearly and effectively. ____6____
Don’t think your audience understand your meaning if not making it explicit.
The more complicated the subject matter dealt with, the more important this point is. ____7____ It is necessary for a correct understanding of the subject we’re speaking on, but in fact the audience may know little about this information.
Don’t treat evaluative statements as if they were statements of objective fact.
“The Pearce Building is on the corner of Main and Adams” is a statement of objective fact, and as such it is either true or false. “The Pearce Building is ugly” is an evaluative statement. ____8____. Evaluative statements do not lend themselves to a simple true-or-false response. True statements of objective fact are not open to argument; evaluative statements are.
____9____
In Spanish, double negatives have the effect of strengthening the negative import of a sentence. In English, double negatives cancel each other out. ____20____ To avoid that confusion, it’s better to say “She would be welcome” instead of saying, “It is not unlikely that she would be welcome.”
A. Avoid double negatives.
B. Speak in complete sentences.
C. That is because I’m not expert in using negatives.
D. Here are some basic guidelines for effective communication.
E. And as such it combines both subjective and objective elements.
F. We sometimes suppose that an audience knows background information.
G. This can cause confusion, since a sentence sounds negative but actually positive.
Passage 5
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏淮安·高中校协作体高二期中试卷
What to do in a fire
Talking about fires can frightening because no one likes to think about people getting hurt or their things getting burned. ____21____ So let’s start from talking about escape plans and escape routes.
●____22____ An escape plan can help you get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are, so it’s important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. How many exits(出口) are there ____23____ It’s a good idea to draw a map of the escape plan. It’s possible one way out could be blocked by fire or smoke, so you’ll want to know where other ones are.
●Remember the safety steps.
If you’re in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out, you need to take more steps: Check to see if there’s heat or smoke coming in the cracks around the door.If you see smoke coming under the door—don’t open the door! ____24____ If the door is hot or very warm—don’t open the door! If you don’t see smoke—and the door is not bot—then use cracks around the door. If your fingers to lightly touch the door handle. If the door handle is hot or very warn—don’t open the door!
If the door handle feels cool, and you can’t see any smoke around the door, you can open the door very carefully. When you open the door, if you feel heat or smoke pours into the room, quickly shut the door. ___25___
A. Get everyone out.
B. Know your way out.
C. If you don’t see smoke—touch the door.
D. How do you get to them from your room
E. But what if there was a fire where you live
F. But you can feel less worried if you are prepared.
G. If there’s no smoke or heat, go toward your escape route exit.
热点考向02 人与社会—社会问题和社会现象
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏徐州·高二期中联考试卷
Looking back at my younger years, I am sometimes amazed at how life has turned out. Nothing is exactly what I had originally planned for. If I could go back in time and hang out with my younger self for a day, ____1____
Everything happens for a reason. Without mistakes and failure, you would never have learned.____2____. Once you understand this, you will know that everything comes in to serve a purpose. So don’t stress or think that life is unfair.
____3____.You can have it all but not all at once. It is not surprising that many of us are doing too many things at once. We need to make ends meet. But if you are working three jobs at a time, it is not likely that you will succeed at any of them. You have to keep your eyes on the big picture. Achieve your goals one by one.
You can plan ahead, but your plan will definitely change when the time comes. You can plan ahead because sometimes planning ahead can give you a clearer direction of where you want to go.____4____
It’s okay to be unsure about your purpose in life. You might be graduating or have hit a turning point with your career. You might feel a bit lost and unsure of where to go. ____5____Go out there and try as many different things as you can. Don’t ever feel like you’ re wasting your time. Enjoy the journey. Don’t rush. Every little path will lead you somewhere. And looking back, you will be able to connect the dots. It will all make sense.
A. It’s okay.
B. I would give her some tips.
C. Focus on one thing at a time.
D. Without pain, you would never have grown.
E. If you don’t suffer pain, you will never grow.
F. Please make sure you make preparations in advance.
G. However, plans will almost always change, so be prepared!
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏南京·南师大附中高二期中试题
Imagine that as you are boarding an airplane half the engineers who built the plane tell you there is a 10 percent chance the plane will crash, killing you and everyone else on board. Would you still board
In 2022, over 700 top academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence companies were asked in a survey about future AI risk. Half of those surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent or greater chance of human extinction from future AI systems. ____6____
The fear of AI has haunted humanity since the mid-20th century, yet until recently it has remained a distant prospect, something that belongs in sci-fi more than in serious scientific and political debates. ____7____ It is even harder to grasp the speed at which these tools are developing even more advanced and powerful capabilities. But most of the key skills boil down to one thing: the ability to manipulate(操纵) and generate language, whether with words, sounds or images.
In the beginning was the word. ____8____ From language emerges myth and law, goods and money, art and science, friendships and nations—even computer code. AI’s new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization. What would it mean for humans to live in a world where a large percentage of stories, melodies, images, laws, policies and tools are shaped by non-human intelligence ____9____What happens when the same thing occurs in art, politics, and even religion
____10____We are surrounded by culture, experiencing reality through a cultural prism(棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reports of journalists and the accounts of friends. What will it be like to experience reality through a prism produced by non-human intelligence The time to reckon with AI is before our politics, our economy and our daily life become dependent on it.
A. Humans often don’t have direct access to reality.
B. Language is the operating system of human culture.
C. In games like chess, no human can hope to beat a computer.
D. By gaining mastery of language, AI is seizing the master key to civilization.
E. Technology companies are caught in a race to put all of humanity on that plane.
F. For thousands of years we humans have lived inside the dreams of other humans.
G. It’s difficult for human minds to grasp the capabilities of GPT-4 and similar tools.
Passage 3
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏扬州·邗江区高二期中调研测试
Parents showing off their children has long been popular on social media. It is found that videos with children receive three times as many views as other videos. Nine-year-old Ryan Kaji,star of the Ryan’s World channel, topped Forbes’ 2020 list of highest-paid YouTubers, making an estimated $29.5 million from his content and product lines.
____11____ Influencer parents and kids across a host of platforms can gain millions of online followers and land profitable sponsorships. Some family influencers get paid directly by brands for endorsing(代言) their products. ____12____ And many more earn income by receiving ad revenues(收益).
____13____ A look at the comments section of almost any website proves the internet is often a very ugly place. And while the business of family social media is big and growing, there are as yet few meaningful safeguards for kids’ privacy and safety, both from media companies like YouTube and from existing law. ____14____
Leah Plunkett, assistant dean for learning experience and technology at Harvard Law School said, “In many cases, the kids who wind up in ‘commercial sharenting’ are too young to understand what’s going on. ____15____ If there is content going out about the children when they are three years old, they may be pretty uncomfortable with it when they are13. And that content is not going to go away.” Dr. Sarah Domoff, who directs the Family Health Lab at Central Michigan University also says parental oversharing may be damaging.
A. The pursuit of internet fame and dollars may pose serious potential dangers to the kids on social media.
B. Some sell their own branded products directly to viewers.
C. They can’t give any type of permission or know involvement.
D. Some parents have already started to reconsider sharenting.
E. All ofthe problems have experts on children’s rights and development worried.
F. “Sharenting” has now become an increasingly professionalized business.
G. Embarrassing a child publicly can make children ashamed of the parents.
热点考向03 人与自我—工作职业
Passage 1
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏泰州·高二下期中试卷
It’s always exciting to begin a new job. But among the frenzy(激动) of meeting new colleagues, starting new projects, and building new skills, there can be a stressful pressure to succeed. A big part of your success is determined by how quickly you are able to digest lots of information, which can be very hard. ____1____.
* Manage yourself
When you notice information overload, don’t ignore it and don’t panic. Say to yourself, “I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here. It’s okay to feel this way.” ____2____. Remember that emotions can help you better understand yourself and your values.
* Sort your information
____3____. It keeps what it needs more immediately in our short-term memory, and it mixes together information we may need to use in the future to store in our long-term memory. For the information that’s not needed, our brain acts like a garbage management, recycling, and deleting it.
* ____4____
Organizations often have digital knowledge management systems to store and take important information. You can do the same to reduce brain burden. I recommend creating a Word or Google document in which you write down information that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store.
* Reduce task-switching
Multi-tasking isn’t good for you physically or mentally and is worse for your productivity and cognition (认知). ____5____. You can go for longer than that, but be sure to take a break. Focused activity is less taxing than multitasking, but you can’t keep working endlessly.
A. Respond positively
B. Use technology to help
C. That problem is much easier to understand and solve
D. Here are some methods to deal with the information overload
E. For greater results, focus on one task for around 25 minutes
F. Our brain is like a clever piece of equipment that “takes in information”
G. This self-talk helps normalize the situation and makes the emotions easier to handle
Passage 2
2022-2023学年下学期·江苏常熟·高二期中试卷
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.
____6____. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion.
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. ___7___ but often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there--not very inspired.
However, there’s another way that is perhaps better: ____8____. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. ____9____ and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.
There are endless ways to do that. The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. ____10____.
A. These are all great choices
B. Think about what you like to do
C. You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there
D. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose
E. Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better
F. The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living
G. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people
