2024年中考英语三轮复习学案副词和形容词比较级最高级中考高频考点总结

2024年中考英语三轮复习学案
副词和形容词比较级最高级中考高频考点总结
上篇：副词
中考有关副词的考察，主要包括以下方面:副词的定义,分类，位置,功能,形容词变为副词的方式,常考副词辨析,副词的原级,比较级和最高级。副词的原级,比较级和最高级用法在后文会和形容词的原级,比较级,最高级一起专题讲解。
中考对于副词的考察主要集中在副词的词意辨析和习惯用法上。题目设计注重语境创设，考察学生在特定语境中运用副词的能力。要求考生熟记常用常考以及易混副词。
副词的定义：
副词是用来修饰动词，形容词，副词和一句话的词。表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。
副词的分类：
1.时间副词
tomorrow,yesterday..
2.地点副词:地点副词与动词连用时不加介词。
here, there, home..
get here/there/home
3.方式副词:此类副词通常由形容词变来。
well,fast,hard,slowly,politely..
4.程度副词
much,very,too,enough..
5.频率副词
always-usually-often-sometimes-hardly/seldom-never
6.疑问副词:引导特殊疑问句的副词
7.关系副词：引导从句或与不定式连用
副词的位置：
1.副词修饰动词
v+adv.; adv.+v.
2.副词(一般为程度副词）修饰形容词/副词
(1).adv.+adj.:truly talented
(2).adv.+adv.:very quickly
3.adv放句首,修饰一句话
Unluckily,he failed to catch the early bus.
4.频率副词的位置:实前be后
频率副词放在实意动词前,be/情态动词/助动词之后。
5.adj./adv.+enough
6.多个副词排序:方式副词+地点副词+时间副词
Many old ladies were dancing happily in the park now.
副词功能：
1.做状语:(掌握)
Many old ladies are dancing happily in the park now.
happily:方式副词做方式状语
in the park:地点副词做地点状语
now:时间副词做时间状语
2.做表语(了解):
He is out.
3.做宾语补足语:(了解)
let him in,please.
形容词变为副词的方式：
规则变化：
1.在形容词后直接加ly.
beautiful--beautifully
2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，y变成i加ly.
happy-happily
3.以le结尾，le变成ly.
gentle-gently, simple-simply
4.以ic结尾的adj,直接加ally.
basic-basically(初中只学了一个)
不规则变化：
good-well; true---truly
既可以当形容词也可以当副词：
hard,bright,far,early,late,fast,well,alone..
常考副词辨析：
1.hard/hardly
2.how long/how soon/how far/
how often/how many/how much
3.ago/before
4.already/yet
5.too+adj./adv.+to do sth.
(not)+adj./adv.+enough to do sth.
so+adj./adv.+that+一句话
6.too/either/as well/also
下篇：形容词副词比较级最高级
形容词和副词有三个比较等级:原级比较,比较级和最高级。在单项选择,完成句子和语法填空三个题型中均有所考察。
单项选择侧重于考察识别,要求学生能够根据语境或者提示选择正确的比较等级。较为基础。
语法填词不仅要求学生能够识别,还要求学生能正确的写出相应的比较等级形式。
完成句子不仅要求学生能够识别和写出正确的等级形式，还要求学生能够正确的运用各个等级句型。
一. 原/平级比较
1.概念:两者同类事物比较,比较结果相同。汉语：和/像…一样；英语：as+adj./adv.原形+as
2.肯定句型 ：和/像…一样
(1).A+be+as+adj.+as+B
(2).A+v.+as+adv.+as+B
3. 否定句型：和…不一样，不像…一样
(1).A+be+not+as/so+adj.+as+B
(2).A+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t+v.+as/so+adv.+as+B
4.经典例题
(1).玩游戏不像阅读一样有教育意义(as)
Playing games isn't as/so educational as reading.
(2).他上学期数学学的没有英语好(learn)
He didn't learn math as well as English last term.
(3).他不像他姐姐一样擅长弹钢琴(good)
He isn't as/so good at playing the piano as his sister.
5.易混辨析
(1).as long as:只要(连词);和...一样长
I will buy you a computer as long as you study hard.
This bridge is as long as tha one.
(2)as+adj./adv.+as possible
as+adj./adv.+as sb. can.尽可能怎么样
You should get here as soon as possible.
You should get here as soon as you can.
He studied as hard as possible.
He studied as hard as he could.
二. 比较级
1.概念：两者同类事物比较,比较结果不同。汉语用更…表示；英语用adj./adv.的比较级表示。
2.adj./adv比较级变形规则：
(1).规则变形：
1).直接+er
2).以e结尾+r
3).以"辅音字母+y”结尾,y变i+er.
4).双写最后一个字母+er(热/潮湿/大/胖/瘦/悲伤)
5).在形容词/副词前面+more
(2).不规则变形:好坏多少(远大)
3. 比较级句型
(1).看到than用比较级:考虑使用adj.比较级还是adv.比较级
1).A + be + adj.比较级 + than + B
2).A + v. + adv.比较级 + than + B
e.g.He bought the clothes at a (cheap) price than I did.
e.g.He bought the clothes (cheap) than I did.
(2).比较级+and+比较级/more and more +adj. 越来越…
hotter and hotter 越来越热
more and more popular 越来越漂亮
The weather is getting colder and colder.
(3).句型："The+比较级+其它，the+比较级+其它”
“越…..,就越怎么样”
1).The (careful) you are,the (less/fewer) mistakes you will make.
2).The (careful) you do your homework,the (less/fewer) mistakes you will make.
3).我们越早学会独立,对我们的未来就越好。
The earlier we learn to be independent,the better it is for our future.
(4).A,B中, 谁更…..
1).Which/Who +v.+副词比较级, A or B
e.g.Who ran more quickly, Tom or Jack
2).Which/Who +系动词.+形容词比较级, A or B
e.g.Which is more beautiful, Shanghai or Beijing
(5).形容词比较级要避免与自身进行比较。注意区分：
1).某某在某地比其它任何一个都要更...(某某属于某地)
为了避免与自身比较,用其它任何一个”any other+名词单数"表示。
Wuhan is bigger than any other city in Hubei province.
Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.
2).某某在某地比任何一个都要更..(某某不属于某地)
某某不属于某地,则不需要避免和自身比较。不用other.
Wuhan is bigger than any city in Japan.
(6).常见修饰比较级的词：
much/a little/even/far+形容词比较级(adj.)
He studies harder than me. 他学习比我努力。
He studies much harder than me. 他学习比我努力地多。
(7).The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that (that/it) in Xiangyang.(that 指代the weather)
(8).表示“两者之间更...的一个”时,常用the+比较级。
Of the two cups, I like the smaller one.
(9).增级比较和降级比较
更重要:more important
更不重要:less impottant
三. 最高级
1.概念：三者及以上同类事物比较，比较结果不同。汉语用最…表示；英语用adj./adv.的最高级表示。the和最高级连用。
2. adj./adv最高级变形规则
(1).规则变形：
1).直接+est
2).以e结尾+st
3).以“辅音字母+y”结尾,y变i+est.
4).双写最后一个字母+est(热/潮湿/大/胖/瘦/悲伤)
5).在形容词/副词前面+most
(2).不规则变形：好坏多少(远大)
3. 句型
(1).A在某地是最..其中之一
A + be + one of + the +adj.最高级+n.复数+范围
Xiangyang is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
(2). A,B,C中, 谁最…..
1).Which/ Who +v.+副词最高级, A, B or C
Who ran most quickly,Tom,Jack or Lily
2).Which/ Who +系动词.+形容词最高级, A, B or C
Which is the most beautiful,Shanghai,Beijing or Guangzhou
(3).A在某地是第几怎么样
A + be + the +序数词+adj.最高级+n.+范围
The Central Park is the second largest park in Shanghai.
(4).最高级前不用the的情况:
1).冠词不与形容词性物主代词连用。
You are my best friend.
2).副词最高级前可不用the.
He lives most happily.