2023-2024学年高一下学期期末模拟考试
高一英语
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．A．He dropped his phone. B．He hates long-distance calls.
C．His call got cut off. D．His mobile is too long.
2．A．They should definitely do it. B．They should find means to do it.
C．It’s meaningless. D．She meant to do it earlier.
3．A．Wonderful. B．Uninteresting. C．Lack of facts. D．Dull.
4．A．Choose a new dentist.
B．Cure the pain himself.
C．Make an appointment with his dentist.
D．Ask his dentist about the right way to brush.
5．A．A bus driver. B．An airline ticket agent.
C．A post office clerk. D．A department store salesperson.
6．A．The novel is much too long. B．The novel is very interesting.
C．He seldom reads such a novel. D．He hasn’t read the novel yet.
7．A．A surgeon. B．A dentist. C．A doctor or philosophy. D．A nurse.
8．A．She needs a new hat and gloves.
B．The man had better put away his winter clothes.
C．The weather will continue to be cold.
D．She wonders what the weather will be like tomorrow.
9．A．Ask a friend for the name of a hair stylist. B．Get her hair cut at 12:00.
C．Make an appointment with someone else. D．Call another hair salon.
10．A．They needn’t dress similarly. B．They shouldn’t dress too informally.
C．The woman had better avoid jeans. D．The man is looking for a new jacket.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only one the four possible answers on your paper and decide which o you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．A．1973. B．36,500. C．20. D．300,000.
12．A．Workers’ wages increase largely every year.
B．More money is spent on citizens welfare.
C．Foreign investment is favoured.
D．Business activity is regulated.
13．A．Ireland’s economic growth. B．Ireland’s future development.
C．Ireland’s amazing history. D．Ireland’s traditional values.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14．A．Visiting his teachers and doing shopping.
B．Collecting his pictures.
C．Buying his flight ticket.
D．Wandering about in the airport building.
15．A．Shirts. B．Gloves. C．Toys. D．A clock.
16．A．He left his suitcase in the airport building.
B．He couldn’t enjoy the beauty of the evening.
C．He was suspected as a terrorist and taken to an airline office.
D．He intended to visit more teachers and buy more presents.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage
17．A．She is a chef. B．She is a nurse assistant.
C．She is a medical transcriptionist. D．She is a housewife.
18．A．Listening to the conversation between the doctor and patients.
B．Writing down the medical report on the computer.
C．Finding the problems in the medical treatment.
D．Helping the doctor to take care of patients.
19．A．She gets paid every two weeks.
B．She can explain it to her son.
C．She can learn from different medical cases.
D．She can balance work with domestic duties.
20．A．He regards the job meaningless and looks down upon it.
B．He insists that it should be done by the doctor himself.
C．He is proud of his mother and understands her choice.
D．He feels sorry that it is not paid as well as his father’s job.
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Delivering Food by Drone
A Singapore restaurant plans to use drones(无人机)to transport food and drinks 21 the kitchen to a wait station near customers’ tables.
Infinium Robotics, the Singapore company that’s developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night for business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.
But how does the drone know where to land What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way "There’s no chance at all 22 it will hit anything," says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.
The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait)in the kitchen. 24 the chef puts an order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build)into the drone won’t allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones 26 (equip)with sonar and an infrared sensor, too.
A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 27 sends it back to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 28 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as much food.
"Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks," Woon said. "If they let the robots do the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about 29 (high)customer satisfaction and dining experience."Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear)from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．essentially B．possibility C． analyzed D．inspired E. react F. tracking G. necessarily H. rules I. list J. disasters K. positive
Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic 31 for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By 32 people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than 33 and sob stories.
“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they 34 . You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”
Researchers studying word-of-mouth communication — e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations — found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t 35 mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things To test for that 36 , Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague 37 the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first finds was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the 38 than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this 39 feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that 40 negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Background noise—like the chatter in a coffee shop or the drone of passing traffic—might slow our reading speed, but according to a study of Russian readers, it doesn’t 41 how our brain understands written text.
42 , if you’re wondering whether you should be listening to podcasts or music while working, the study has some interesting points to make. In particular, it examined how we might change our reading style to compensate for auditory noise and visual distractions such as typos or poor formatting.
“Overall, previous studies reported a harmful effect of both auditory and visual noise on reading fluency and 43 , though their results varied,” write linguistics researcher Nina Zdorova and colleagues. “So far, none of the studies exploring the influence of noise 44 it in the framework of the language processing theories.”
One of the language processing theories examined was the noisy channel model, which proposes that our brain deals with noise by looking at the meaning of 45 words more and at entire sentences less. We then use a bit of smart guesswork to 46 the overall meaning and relationships between words.
The second theory is the good enough model; that’s when our brains aren’t analyzing every single detail of a text but instead only grabbing enough words for a ‘good enough’ understanding. By focusing less on the precise words, our brains can 47 some cognitive resources to deal with noise.
To see how reading was affected by noise 48 these models, the researchers ran two experiments: one on auditory noise (71 participants) and one on visual noise (70 participants). When it came to the auditory noise test, background chatter from overlapping podcasts caused people to spend longer looking at the key section of sentences before completing their reading. This extra time could 49 the noise, meaning sentence comprehension isn’t affected by it. In the visual noise test, comprehension remained the same while reading speed 50 . That’s a bit 51 considering previous studies, but the researchers think people just wanted to finish the task, with the visual noise an uncomfortable distraction.
“In both experiments, we observed that longer total reading time was 52 with an accuracy increase for incorrect sentences,” write the researchers.
There’s a lot going on in this study, but overall it’s a bigger win for the good-enough language processing theory and an indication that auditory and visual noise doesn’t make us 53 any more or less on any particular comprehension method while we’re reading.
With so many variables to measure in terms of what’s being read and what the 54 noise is, further study is required to learn more. 55 potential distractions may not interrupt your reading as much as you think.
41．A．reinforce B．estimate C．affect D．interpret
42．A．First of all B．For example C．Above all D．To start with
43．A．context B．efficiency C．comprehension D．device
44．A．evaluated B．identified C．established D．employed
45．A．individual B．different C．new D．unfamiliar
46．A．confirm B．imply C．refer D．infer
47．A．exploit B．spare C．commit D．consume
48．A．on account of B．regardless of C．in regard to D．in contrast to
49．A．make up for B．live up to C．catch up with D．put up with
50．A．declined B．shrank C．expanded D．increased
51．A．embarrassing B．depressing C．puzzling D．annoying
52．A．associated B．compared C．replaced D．mixed
53．A．take B．set C．rely D．base
54．A．accompanying B．strange C．deafening D．distant
55．A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Otherwise
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
Years ago, I made friends with a couple who had recently fallen in love. It was glorious to be in their orbit, watching as their relationship blossomed into a serious commitment. I recall the night we celebrated their engagement, watching this golden couple swing each other on the dance floor, laughing while emitting a glow that could light a city grid.
As happy as I was for them, in that moment I couldn’t ignore a sudden heaviness of heart. That pang was back, whispering, “Why not me ”
It had been a long time between visits from the pang. In the past, it was a constant companion as I navigated life with naive notions of love, romance and fate. I had grown up believing a relationship should complete me. As a result, I often felt more lost than found as part of a couple.
Then as I matured, I took a closer look at those who I thought had it all, the ones who tick all the boxes, who look and act the romance-novel parts. And when I dared to explore under the shiny surfaces, I saw that no honest couple had what I’d assumed they had: the perfect relationship, the easy love, the lucky life.
No, what I saw was a lot of unhappiness. Yes, while some couples were both blissed and blessed, many admitted that their relationships were hardly the happily-ever-after.
What’s more, I grew to understand I avoided bad relationships and like my life too much to settle. I realized I am the cake and relationships just the icing. The pang only emerges when I make the mistake of comparing myself to others.
The reason why I’m sharing this is because in the past couple of weeks, I have watched that golden couple endure one of the ugliest break-ups. What I saw that night on the dance floor was a romantic illusion. When the bubble burst, the fall back to earth was terrible for them both.
Watching the break-up, I am aware that to protect perfection is to do reality an injustice. I accept the understanding that there is only one relationship that really counts in life and that is the one we have with ourselves. And mine is a healthy one, not golden, but rosy all the same, because as my friends’ split has proven once again, shine and sparkle can blind the rest of us.
56．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A．She was moved to tears by the engagement of her friends.
B．She didn’t really feel happy for the engagement of her friends.
C．She had mixed feelings while seeing the engagement of her friends.
D．She didn’t think her friends would live a happy life after their engagement.
57．Why did the author feel lost in her relationship in the past
A．She was misguided to pursue the perfect love.
B．She was too naive to find a perfect partner.
C．She was keen on being a good partner.
D．She was immature to control her fate.
58．By “to project perfection is to do reality an injustice” in the last paragraph, the author implies that .
A．pursuing perfection does good to reality
B．we should never stop looking for perfection
C．what reality is all about is just perfection
D．a perfect relationship is hard to find in life
59．According to the author, what is the most important thing in life
A．Accepting whatever you have in life.
B．Living in harmony with yourself.
C．Leading an admirable and happy life.
D．Having a golden relationship.
（B）
In Factfulness, Professor Hans Roslingasks raises questions like ‘How many girls finish school ’ and ‘What percentage of the world’s population is poor ’ It turns out that the majority of us get the answers to these questions completely wrong. Why does this happen Factfulness sets out to explain why, showing that there are several human instincts that distort(扭曲)our perspective. This book focuses on our instinctive biases(偏见), offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world.
Are things getting worse every day Is progress an impossible goal In Enlightenment Now, Steven Pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news. We are living longer, healthier, freer and happier lives. Pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world. Instead, he shows us some carefully selected data. In 75 surprising graphs, we see that safety, peace, knowledge and health are getting better all over the world. Economic inequality, he claims, is not really a problem, because it is not actually that important for human well-being.
For more than two hundred years those who hold negative thoughts have been winning the public debate. They tell us that things are getting worse. But as a matter of fact, life is getting better. Income, food availability and lifespan are rising; disease, violence and child mortality are falling. Best-selling author Matt Ridley doesn’t only explain how things are getting better; he gives us reasons why as well. He shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialization. This bold book looks at the entirety of human history-from the Stone Age to the 21st century—and changes the concept that it’s all going downhill.
The majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation: suffering from incredible poverty and wars. The reality is that a great transformation is occurring. Over the past 20 years, more than 700 million people have increased their income and come out of poverty. This is happening across developing countries around the world. In his book The Great Surge, Stevens Radelet describes how all of this is happening and, more importantly, it shows us how we can speed up the process.
60．What is the common feature of the four books
A．They focus on the present situations concerning developing countries.
B．They emphasize the importance of dealing with problems in poor countries.
C．They try to direct readers to a positive path in terms of human development.
D．They appeal to show more sympathy and understanding for poor countries.
61．Which author supports his arguments by providing factual evidence
A．Hans Roslingasks. B．Steven Pinker. C．Matt Ridley. D．Stevens Radelet.
62．Which of the following can be a possible title for Book 3
A．The Rational Optimist. B．Human History: Where Are We
C．A Public Debate. D．Out of Povetty: What and How
( C )
If you ask something of ChatGPT, an artificial-intelligence (AI) tool that is going viral, the responses you get back are almost instantaneous, utterly certain and often wrong. It is a bit like talking to an economist. The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT yield much more indecisive answers. But they are ones that managers ought to start asking.
One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security. Worries are natural. An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing; an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another. Being clear about how workers would redirect time and energy that is freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance. So does creating a sense of agency: research conducted by a team in Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that an ability to override (凌驾于) an AI makes employees more likely to use it.
Employees at Tapestry, a set of luxury brands, were given access to a forecasting model that told them how to assign stock to stores. Some used a model whose logic could be interpreted; others used a model that was more of a black box. Workers turned out to be likelier to overturn models they could understand because they were, mistakenly, sure of their own intuitions (直觉). Workers were willing to accept the decisions of a model they could not explain, however, because of their confidence in the expertise of people who had built it. The qualifications of those behind an AI matter.
The different ways that customers respond to humans and to algorithms (算法) is a booming area of research. In a recent paper Gizem Yalcin of the University of Texas at Austin and her coauthors looked at whether customers responded differently to decisions — to approve someone for a loan, for example, or a country club membership — when they were made by a machine or a person. They found that people reacted the same when they were being rejected. But they felt less positive about an organisation when they were approved by an algorithm rather than a human. The reason People are good at explaining away unfavourable decisions, whoever makes them. However, it is harder for them to attribute a successful application to their own charming, delightful selves when assessed by a machine. People want to feel special, not reduced to a data point.
The picture that emerges from such research is messy. It is also dynamic: just as technologies evolve, so will attitudes. But it is crystal clear on one thing. The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do, but also on how they make people feel.
63．It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the author thinks economists are likely to ________.
A．be unconfident about their own standpoints
B．provide unreliable suggestions to the public
C．be frequent users of such AIs as ChatGPT
D．serve as qualified consultants for managers
64．According to the second and third paragraphs, which of the following statements is correct
A．AI would be more accepted if it joins in social events like dinner parties.
B．Directors should find ways to remind employees of their false intuitions.
C．The finding of MIT research conflicts with the implication of Tapestry case.
D．Workers tend to accept a model hard to understand due to a sense of agency.
65．According to the passage, Gizem Yalcin’s finding best explains that people ________.
A．tend to forecast negative judgements whoever the maker
B．react the same when receiving favorable assessments
C．refuse to be rated by a machine employed by a company
D．value their distinctive features in a particular situation
66．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．employees’ and customers’ attitudes to AI
B．questions managers should ask AI tools
C．the research and development of AI techs
D．different ways of assessing AI applications
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A．One suggestion is to encourage people to cycle more. B．Generally, people dislike the image travelling by bus creates. C．However, there are a number of steps that can be taken to reduce road congestion. D．This allows some flexibility for car drivers but reduces city centre congestion. E．Finally, there are the negative effects that traffic congestion causes to the environment. F．Also, governments may not want to increase fuel taxation too much if it is unpopular with voters.
The Effects of Traffic Congestion in Cities
Many of the world’s big cities have problems with congestion. There is simply far too much traffic, so governments everywhere have to think about how to solve the problem.
Traffic jams have a number of negative effects. They cause stress to drivers, which may lead to health problems or road rage. They can also reduce productivity because products cannot be delivered on time and employees arrive late for work or meetings. Another important issue is that the emergency services can become caught in traffic. 67 Traffic congestion wastes fuel, which in turn produces more carbon dioxide through the car exhausts and contributes to the greenhouse effect.
68 The most obvious solutions involve engineering. This means building more roads with wider lanes so that more cars can travel at the same time. However, the problems with these kind of solutions are the construction costs and that more roads may actually encourage more traffic.
Other more creative solutions to the congestion problem are to increase tax on fuel so that it is more expensive, or make people pay to travel on certain roads such as in the centre of a city or on a motorway. However, taxing fuel and roads may mean that some people cannot afford to drive their cars and may have to give up their jobs. 69
A more popular solution, therefore, would be to encourage other forms of transport which will lead to fewer cars on the road. 70 Although this mode of transport has obvious health benefits and reduces air pollution, it is not very practical in every climate and can prove dangerous in heavy traffic.
Overall, although there are a number of good ways to tackle this problem, some of these also have negative effects. It would seem that encouraging alternative forms of transport is probably the best solution as this solves the congestion problems and reduces the amount of traffic at the same time, which will also have a positive effect on the environment.
IV.Summary Writing (10分)
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How to Be a Successful Team Leader
Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills.
A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well.
What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team.
To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader.
It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders.
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V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
71．那家自助餐厅的这道菜不但营养丰富，而且色味俱佳，因为它的新食谱中包含许多由移民引入的不同食材。(appealing，introduce)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________72．这是他第一次在全班面前做演讲，这给大家留下了深刻的印象。(that)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________73．这部大热纪录片里其乐融融的场景让我想起了自己小时候，每年除夕全家围在一起守岁的情景。(when)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________74．尽管各种不同网页的数量成倍增加，但使用方言的网页却很少。(Despite)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
假如你是明启中学的高一学生李敏，得知学校网站发起了一个关于“我与传统美食的故事”的征稿活动。你对此很感兴趣，并积极投稿。你的稿件内容包括：
1.简单介绍你最喜欢的一款传统美食；
2.叙述美食背后的个人故事。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________绝密★启用前
2023-2024学年高一下学期期末模拟考试（全解全析）
高一英语
Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．A．He dropped his phone. B．He hates long-distance calls.
C．His call got cut off. D．His mobile is too long.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Oh, no. The X-Mobile dropped my call again, right in the middle of the conversation!
W: I hardly ever get dropped with Y-Mobile, and long-distance calls in Germany are free.
Q: What is the man’s problem
2．A．They should definitely do it. B．They should find means to do it.
C．It’s meaningless. D．She meant to do it earlier.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Do you think we should put an ad in the newspaper for the lost dog
W: By all means.
Q: What does the woman say about placing an ad in the newspaper
3．A．Wonderful. B．Uninteresting. C．Lack of facts. D．Dull.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Don’t you think his talk was boring
M: No, not at all. He gave us plenty of facts.
Q: What does the man think of the talk
4．A．Choose a new dentist.
B．Cure the pain himself.
C．Make an appointment with his dentist.
D．Ask his dentist about the right way to brush.
【答案】C
【原文】W: If you tooth is hurting you so much, perhaps you should see your dentist right away.
M: I don’t really want to, but I guess I don’t have much choice.
Q: What will the man probably do next
5．A．A bus driver. B．An airline ticket agent.
C．A post office clerk. D．A department store salesperson.
【答案】C
【原文】W: How long will it take this package to get to Shanghai
M: Well, it depends on how you want to send it.
Q: What most probably is the man’s occupation
6．A．The novel is much too long. B．The novel is very interesting.
C．He seldom reads such a novel. D．He hasn’t read the novel yet.
【答案】B
【原文】W: How did you ever manage to get through all the pages of that new novel
M: It took a while. But once I had started it, I couldn’t put it down.
Q: What does the man mean about the book
7．A．A surgeon. B．A dentist. C．A doctor or philosophy. D．A nurse.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Good morning, Dr. Anderson’s office. May I help you
M: I’d like to make an appointment to have my teeth examined.
Q: What is Mr. Anderson
8．A．She needs a new hat and gloves.
B．The man had better put away his winter clothes.
C．The weather will continue to be cold.
D．She wonders what the weather will be like tomorrow.
【答案】C
【原文】M: It’s not going to snow again tomorrow, is it It was supposed to be warm all week.
W: If you go by the forecast that I heard, you shouldn’t put your coat and hat away quite yet.
Q: What does the woman imply
9．A．Ask a friend for the name of a hair stylist. B．Get her hair cut at 12:00.
C．Make an appointment with someone else. D．Call another hair salon.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Hello, could you fit me in for an appointment today I need a stylist who’s good at cutting straight hair.
M: Judy is good at that.She is the owner. How about the noon
Q: What will the woman most probably do
10．A．They needn’t dress similarly. B．They shouldn’t dress too informally.
C．The woman had better avoid jeans. D．The man is looking for a new jacket.
【答案】B
【原文】W: It’s all right to wear jeans for a class presentation, isn’t it
M: That’s what I’m wearing. But if we wear jackets too, maybe we won’t look so casual.
Q: What does the man imply
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only one the four possible answers on your paper and decide which o you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11．A．1973. B．36,500. C．20. D．300,000.
12．A．Workers’ wages increase largely every year.
B．More money is spent on citizens welfare.
C．Foreign investment is favoured.
D．Business activity is regulated.
13．A．Ireland’s economic growth. B．Ireland’s future development.
C．Ireland’s amazing history. D．Ireland’s traditional values.
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A
【原文】According to a recent survey carried out by The Economist magazine, Ireland is by far and away the best country in the world to live in.
Once Ireland joined the EU in 1973, the foundations for economic growth started to be put into place. The 1990s saw the economic miracle finally arrive—a total transformation in Ireland’s economic fortunes was born. The country experienced year-on-year growth of almost ten per cent and now has the fourth-highest GDP per head in the world—a massive 36.5 thousand dollars per person. Coupled with this has been a huge drop in unemployment from 20 per cent 15 years ago to around four per cent today, all of which has meant Dublin’s newspapers now come with ever-expanding job sections and the country is looking to import up to 300 thousand new workers in the next few years.
In many ways, Ireland is the perfect advertisement for the policies of the IMF and the World Bank as it is one of the few economies that has opened itself up to free trade, foreign investment and unregulated business activity, cut welfare spending and checked wage increases and yet still managed to boom. It is this, coupled with the traditional values of family and community life, which have pulled so many people back to the old country.
Questions
11.According to the passage, what is Ireland’s GDP per head
12.Which of the following is true concerning the policy adopted in Ireland
13. What is the passage mainly about
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage
14．A．Visiting his teachers and doing shopping.
B．Collecting his pictures.
C．Buying his flight ticket.
D．Wandering about in the airport building.
15．A．Shirts. B．Gloves. C．Toys. D．A clock.
16．A．He left his suitcase in the airport building.
B．He couldn’t enjoy the beauty of the evening.
C．He was suspected as a terrorist and taken to an airline office.
D．He intended to visit more teachers and buy more presents.
【答案】14．A 15．D 16．C
【原文】 I had spent my last day in Rome visiting the teachers of the Art College and taking pictures with them. And then, I had done some last shopping. I bought some presents: shirts, gloves, some toys, one of which was an electronic alarm clock for my father.
In the evening, after waiting in the noisy airport building, I was glad to be sitting in the plane.
In a few minutes we would soon be up in the sky on our flight home.
But I had been mistaken. Ten minutes later, instead of enjoying the beauty of the evening sky from above the cloud, I was sitting in a smoke-filled room with an airline official and a policeman at my side. On the table in front of me was my suitcase.
The officials were polite. They asked me to show my passport, my ticket and my baggage to check. Then I was requested to open my suitcase and to spread out its contents on the table. Of course, I did as I was told. The moment I placed the alarm clock on the table, the officials looked at each other and smile.
I understood immediately that someone must have heard the ticking noise and reported to the security.
Questions:
14. How did the man spend his last day in Rome
15. What present did he buy for his father
16. Why did the man get off the plane ten minutes later
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage
17．A．She is a chef. B．She is a nurse assistant.
C．She is a medical transcriptionist. D．She is a housewife.
18．A．Listening to the conversation between the doctor and patients.
B．Writing down the medical report on the computer.
C．Finding the problems in the medical treatment.
D．Helping the doctor to take care of patients.
19．A．She gets paid every two weeks.
B．She can explain it to her son.
C．She can learn from different medical cases.
D．She can balance work with domestic duties.
20．A．He regards the job meaningless and looks down upon it.
B．He insists that it should be done by the doctor himself.
C．He is proud of his mother and understands her choice.
D．He feels sorry that it is not paid as well as his father’s job.
【答案】17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C
【原文】M: Mom, my teacher wants us to tell the class about where our parents work.
W: What will you tell them about your parents
M: I will tell them that my dad is a chef and cooks in a nice restaurant. But I don’t know about you because I’m not sure where you work.
W: I work from home.
M: What kind of work do you do from home
W: I am a medical transcriptionist.
M: What does that mean
W: It means that I listen to a doctor talking about a medical report and then I write it down for the doctor. This way doctors have something to look at the next time they see their patients.
M: Why doesn’t the doctor write it down himself
W: Doctors are very busy with patients and don’t have time to write everything down.
M: You do all of this here at home
W: Yes, I receive the tapes from the doctor and then I write the reports down on our computer.
M: Do you get paid like Dad does at his job
W: Yes, I get a paycheck for my work every two weeks. The pay is good actually. Money isn’t as tight as it used to be.
M: Why do you want to work at home
W: For many reasons actually, but above all, I need flexible working hours to make sure I’m able to take care of my family.
M: Now I understand and can explain it to my class. I’m proud of you, Mom! I love you!
Questions:
17. What’s the woman
18. What does the job involve
19. Why does the woman choose this job
20. What does the son think of his mother’s job
Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Delivering Food by Drone
A Singapore restaurant plans to use drones(无人机)to transport food and drinks 21 the kitchen to a wait station near customers’ tables.
Infinium Robotics, the Singapore company that’s developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night for business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.
But how does the drone know where to land What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way "There’s no chance at all 22 it will hit anything," says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.
The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait)in the kitchen. 24 the chef puts an order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build)into the drone won’t allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones 26 (equip)with sonar and an infrared sensor, too.
A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 27 sends it back to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 28 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as much food.
"Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks," Woon said. "If they let the robots do the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about 29 (high)customer satisfaction and dining experience."Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear)from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.
【答案】21．from 22．that 23．waiting 24．After 25．built 26．are equipped 27．that/which 28．can 29．higher 30．has heard
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新加坡的一家连锁餐厅开始使用无人机送餐。
21．考查介词。句意：新加坡一家餐厅计划使用无人机将食物和饮料从厨房运送到顾客餐桌附近的等候站。分析句子结构，from…to为固定结构，表示“从……到”，与句子表达的含义一致，故填from。
22．考查同位语从句。句意：它根本不可能碰到任何东西。分析句子结构，这是一个包含同位语从句的复合句，从句对chance进行解释说明，引导词在从句中不做成分且从句句意完整，使用that引导，故填that。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：无人机在厨房等待时会自动充电。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中不做谓语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语The drones之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填waiting。
24．考查连词。句意：厨师在给无人机下指令后，按下键盘上的按钮，无人机自动飞往两个等候站之一。根据下文“the chef puts an order on the drone(厨师在给无人机下指令)”以及“he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations.(按下键盘上的按钮，无人机自动飞往两个等候站之一)”可知，无人机在厨师下指令后飞往等待区域，故空白处应填表示“在……后”含义的连词，故填After。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：无人机内置的感知和躲避技术不允许它在有任何障碍的情况下降落在等待站。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，因与其逻辑主语Sense-and-avoid technology之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填built。
26．考查被动语态。句意：无人机还配备了声纳和红外传感器。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are equipped。
27．考查定语从句。句意：然后，服务员从无人机上取下食物或饮料，按下按钮将其送回厨房。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是button，因空白处在定语从句中做主语指物，使用that或which引导定语从句，故填that/which。
28．考查情态动词。句意：这些无人机重五磅多一点，能携带四磅多一点的食物。根据下文“carry just over four pounds of food(能携带四磅多一点的食物)”可知空白处应填表示“能”含义的情态动词，故填can。
29．考查形容词比较级。句意：如果他们让机器人来做这项工作，他们可以专注于与顾客互动，从而带来更高的顾客满意度和用餐体验。根据上文“If they let the robots do the job(如果他们让机器人来做这项工作)”可知，此处是要把机器人和人类做此项工作带来的顾客满意度进行比较，空白处使用形容词比较级，故填higher。
30．考查时态。句意：自从最近引起媒体关注以来，Woon已经收到了包括美国在内的10个国家的度假村和餐馆的消息。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语“Since it drew recent media attention(自从最近引起媒体关注以来)”可知句子表达的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，故填has heard。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．essentially B．possibility C． analyzed D．inspired E. react F. tracking G. necessarily H. rules I. list J. disasters K. positive
Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic 31 for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By 32 people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than 33 and sob stories.
“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they 34 . You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”
Researchers studying word-of-mouth communication — e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations — found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t 35 mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things To test for that 36 , Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague 37 the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first finds was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the 38 than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this 39 feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that 40 negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”
【答案】31．H 32．F 33．J 34．E 35．G 36．B 37．C 38．I 39．K 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇 说明文。本文介绍了经过研究发现人们更喜欢好消息而不是坏消息，如果一篇文章越积极，就越有可能被分享。
31．考查名词。句意：这些是晚间广播和晨报的经典规则。根据空格前的形容词 classic和系动词are可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式作表语，rules“规则”为名词的复数形式，符合句意。故选H项。
32．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过追踪人们的电子邮件和网上帖子，科学家们发现，好消息比灾难和悲伤的故事传播得更快、更远。根据空格前的介词By可知，空格处应填动名词作宾语，tracking“追踪”为动名词形式，符合句意。故选F项。
33．考查名词。句意：通过追踪人们的电子邮件和网上帖子，科学家们发现，好消息比灾难和悲伤的故事传播得更快、更远。空格处应填名词的复数形式和sob stories构成并列结构，disasters“灾难”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。
34．考查动词。句意：但当你和朋友分享一个故事时，你更关心他们的反应。空格处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语care可知应用一般现在时，react“反应”为动词，符合句意。故选E项。
35．考查副词。句意：研究人员研究了口碑传播——电子邮件、网络帖子和评论、面对面对话——发现它往往是积极的，而不是消极的，但这并不一定意味着人们更喜欢积极的新闻。空格处作状语修饰动词mean，应用副词形式，necessarily“必要地”为副词，符合句意。故选G项。
36．考查名词。句意：为了测试这种可能性，伯杰博士研究了人们是如何传播一组特定的新闻故事的：《纽约时报》网站上的数千篇文章。根据空格前的代词 that可知，空格处应填名词单数形式作介词for的宾语，possibility“可能性”为名词，符合句意。故选B项。
37．考查动词。句意：他和宾夕法尼亚大学的一位同事分析了六个月来“电子邮件最多”的名单。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时，analyzed“分析”为动词，符合句意。故选C项。
38．考查名词。句意：他的第一个发现是科学部分的文章比非科学文章更有可能上榜。根据空格前的冠词 the可知，空格处应填名词，list“清单”为名词，符合句意。故选I项。
39．考查形容词。句意：他发现，科学让《泰晤士报》的读者感到惊讶，并让他们想与他人分享这种积极的感觉。根据空格后的名词feeling可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，positive“积极的”为形容词，符合句意。故选K项。
40．考查动词。句意：读者也倾向于分享令人兴奋或有趣的文章，或者激发愤怒或焦虑等负面情绪的文章，但不会分享只让他们感到悲伤的文章。空格处在定语从句中作谓语，根据并列的第一个定语从句中的系动词were可知，空格处应填用一般过去时，inspired“激发”为动词的过去式，符合句意。故选D项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Background noise—like the chatter in a coffee shop or the drone of passing traffic—might slow our reading speed, but according to a study of Russian readers, it doesn’t 41 how our brain understands written text.
42 , if you’re wondering whether you should be listening to podcasts or music while working, the study has some interesting points to make. In particular, it examined how we might change our reading style to compensate for auditory noise and visual distractions such as typos or poor formatting.
“Overall, previous studies reported a harmful effect of both auditory and visual noise on reading fluency and 43 , though their results varied,” write linguistics researcher Nina Zdorova and colleagues. “So far, none of the studies exploring the influence of noise 44 it in the framework of the language processing theories.”
One of the language processing theories examined was the noisy channel model, which proposes that our brain deals with noise by looking at the meaning of 45 words more and at entire sentences less. We then use a bit of smart guesswork to 46 the overall meaning and relationships between words.
The second theory is the good enough model; that’s when our brains aren’t analyzing every single detail of a text but instead only grabbing enough words for a ‘good enough’ understanding. By focusing less on the precise words, our brains can 47 some cognitive resources to deal with noise.
To see how reading was affected by noise 48 these models, the researchers ran two experiments: one on auditory noise (71 participants) and one on visual noise (70 participants). When it came to the auditory noise test, background chatter from overlapping podcasts caused people to spend longer looking at the key section of sentences before completing their reading. This extra time could 49 the noise, meaning sentence comprehension isn’t affected by it. In the visual noise test, comprehension remained the same while reading speed 50 . That’s a bit 51 considering previous studies, but the researchers think people just wanted to finish the task, with the visual noise an uncomfortable distraction.
“In both experiments, we observed that longer total reading time was 52 with an accuracy increase for incorrect sentences,” write the researchers.
There’s a lot going on in this study, but overall it’s a bigger win for the good-enough language processing theory and an indication that auditory and visual noise doesn’t make us 53 any more or less on any particular comprehension method while we’re reading.
With so many variables to measure in terms of what’s being read and what the 54 noise is, further study is required to learn more. 55 potential distractions may not interrupt your reading as much as you think.
41．A．reinforce B．estimate C．affect D．interpret
42．A．First of all B．For example C．Above all D．To start with
43．A．context B．efficiency C．comprehension D．device
44．A．evaluated B．identified C．established D．employed
45．A．individual B．different C．new D．unfamiliar
46．A．confirm B．imply C．refer D．infer
47．A．exploit B．spare C．commit D．consume
48．A．on account of B．regardless of C．in regard to D．in contrast to
49．A．make up for B．live up to C．catch up with D．put up with
50．A．declined B．shrank C．expanded D．increased
51．A．embarrassing B．depressing C．puzzling D．annoying
52．A．associated B．compared C．replaced D．mixed
53．A．take B．set C．rely D．base
54．A．accompanying B．strange C．deafening D．distant
55．A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Otherwise
【答案】41．C 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．A 46．D 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了研究表明背景噪音可能会减缓我们的阅读速度但是不会影响我们理解书面文本。这项研究还有一些有趣的观点。特别是，它研究了我们如何改变我们的阅读方式来补偿听觉或视觉噪音，并阐述了两个理论。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：背景噪音——比如咖啡店里的闲聊或过往交通的嗡嗡声——可能会减缓我们的阅读速度，但根据一项对俄罗斯读者的研究，它不会影响我们的大脑理解书面文本。A. reinforce加强；强化；B. estimate估计；C. affect影响；D. interpret解释。根据前文“Background noise—like the chatter in a coffee shop or the drone of passing traffic—might slow our reading speed”和but可知，前后文是转折关系，说明背景噪音可能会减缓我们的阅读速度但是研究表明不会影响我们理解书面文本。故选C。
42．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，如果你想知道在工作时应该听播客还是听音乐，这项研究有一些有趣的观点。A. First of all首先；B. For example例如；C. Above all首先；D. To start with从……开始。根据下文“if you’re wondering whether you should be listening to podcasts or music while working”可知，此处是举例说明。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言学研究员尼娜·兹多洛娃及其同事写道:“总的来说，之前的研究报告了听觉和视觉噪音对阅读流畅性和理解的不利影响，尽管他们的结果各不相同。”A. context (想法、事件等的)背景；上下文；B. efficiency效率；C. comprehension理解；D. device设备。根据上文“it doesn’t 1 how our brain understands written text”可知，之前的研究报告了听觉和视觉噪音会影响阅读的流畅性和理解。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，尚未有研究在语言加工理论的框架下对噪声的影响进行评价。A. evaluated评估；B. identified认出；确认；C. established建立；D. employed雇佣。根据前文“previous studies reported a harmful effect of both auditory and visual noise on reading fluency”可知，以前的研究研究了噪音对阅读的流畅性和理解，但是没有研究在语言加工理论的框架下评估这种影响。故选A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一种语言处理理论是嘈杂通道模型，该模型假设我们的大脑通过更多地关注单个单词的含义而更少地关注整个句子来处理噪音。A. individual个人的；B. different不同的；C. new新的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据下文“at entire sentences less”可知，此处表示与entire形成对比，说明更多地关注单个单词，更少地关注整个句子。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们用一些聪明的猜测来推断单词之间的整体意义和关系。A. confirm确认；B. imply暗示；C. refer提到；D. infer推断。根据上文“We then use a bit of smart guesswork”可知，猜测是为了推断单词之间的整体意思和关系。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二种理论是足够好的模型；这时，我们的大脑并没有分析文本的每一个细节，而是只获取足够的单词来获得“足够好”的理解。通过不太关注精确的语法，我们的大脑保留一些认知资源来处理噪音。A. exploit利用；B. spare留出；C. commit承诺；D. consume消耗。根据前文“The second theory is the good enough model; that’s when our brains aren’t analyzing every single detail of a text but instead only grabbing enough words for a ‘good enough’ understanding.( 第二种理论是足够好的模型；这时，我们的大脑并没有分析文本的每一个细节，而是只获取足够的单词来获得“足够好”的理解。)”可知，此处表示大脑不分析文本的每一个细节，只是获取足够的单词就可以有足够好的理解，大脑利用不太精确的语法，保留一些资源来处理噪音。故选B。
48．考查固定短语辨析。句意：为了看看这些模型中的阅读是如何受到噪音的影响的，研究人员进行了两个实验:一个是听觉噪音(71名参与者)，另一个是视觉噪音(70名参与者)。A. on account of由于；B. regardless of不管；不顾；C. in regard to关于；D. in contrast to相比之下。根据下文“these models”以及下文的实验可知，此处说的是研究人员想要了解在这两种模式中，阅读是如何受到噪音的影响的，故选C。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个额外的时间可以补偿噪音，这意味着句子理解不受影响。 A. make up for补偿；弥补；B. live up to符合；不负；C. catch up with跟上；D. put up with忍耐。根据上文“When it came to the auditory noise test, background chatter from overlapping podcasts caused people to spend longer looking at the key section of sentences before completing their reading.( 当涉及到听觉噪音测试时，来自重叠播客的背景聊天会导致人们在完成阅读之前花更长的时间来看句子的关键部分。)”以及下文“meaning sentence comprehension isn’t affected by it”可推断，这些额外增加的时间提供了补偿。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视觉噪音测试中，当阅读速度提高时，理解能力保持不变。A. declined拒绝；B. shrank收缩；C. expanded扩大；D. increased提高。根据下文“but the researchers think people just wanted to finish the task”可知，研究人员认为，人们只是想完成任务，说明人们加快了阅读速度。故选D。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到之前的研究，这有点令人费解，但研究人员认为，人们只是想完成任务，因为视觉噪音会令人不舒服地分心。A. embarrassing使人尴尬的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. puzzling令人迷惑的；D. annoying令人烦恼的。根据前文“In particular, it examined how we might change our reading style to compensate for auditory noise and visual distractions such as typos or poor formatting.( 特别是，它研究了我们可能如何改变我们的阅读风格，以弥补听觉噪音和视觉干扰，如拼写错误或糟糕的格式。)”可知，视觉噪音会令人分神，因此研究人员对于在视觉噪音测试中，当阅读速度提高时理解能力保持不变感到困惑。故选C。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员写道:“在这两个实验中，我们观察到，总阅读时间越长，对不准确的句子的准确率就越高。”A. associated联系；B. compared比较；C. replaced代替；D. mixed混合。根据前文“This extra time could 9 the noise, meaning sentence comprehension isn’t affected by it. In the visual noise test, comprehension remained the same while reading speed 10 .”可知，两个实验都显示阅读时间的长度与准确率有关。be associated with“与……有联系”。故选A。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究涉及很多内容，但总的来说，“足够好”语言处理理论有更大胜利——这表明，听觉和视觉噪音不会让我们在阅读时或多或少地依赖于任何特定的理解方法。A. take拿走；B. set设置；C. rely依靠；D. base以……为基础。根据前文“overall it’s a bigger win for the good-enough language processing theory”和下文“on any particular comprehension method while we’re reading”可知，此处表示“足够好”语言处理理论更有效，说明听觉和视觉噪音不会让我们在阅读时依赖于任何特定的理解方法。故选C。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有这么多的变量来衡量正在阅读的内容和伴随的噪音是什么，需要进一步的研究来了解更多。A. accompanying伴随的；B. strange奇怪的；C. deafening震耳欲聋的；D. distant遥远的。根据前文“Background noise—like the chatter in a coffee shop or the drone of passing traffic—might slow our reading speed”可知，此处说的是背景音，也就是伴随的噪音。故选A。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，潜在的干扰可能并不会像你想的那样打断你的阅读。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Instead代替；D. Otherwise否则。前文“further study is required to learn more”和下文“potential distractions may not interrupt your reading as much as you think.”是转折关系。说明尽管需要更多地研究，但是潜在的干扰可能并不会像你想的那样打断你的阅读。故选B。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
Years ago, I made friends with a couple who had recently fallen in love. It was glorious to be in their orbit, watching as their relationship blossomed into a serious commitment. I recall the night we celebrated their engagement, watching this golden couple swing each other on the dance floor, laughing while emitting a glow that could light a city grid.
As happy as I was for them, in that moment I couldn’t ignore a sudden heaviness of heart. That pang was back, whispering, “Why not me ”
It had been a long time between visits from the pang. In the past, it was a constant companion as I navigated life with naive notions of love, romance and fate. I had grown up believing a relationship should complete me. As a result, I often felt more lost than found as part of a couple.
Then as I matured, I took a closer look at those who I thought had it all, the ones who tick all the boxes, who look and act the romance-novel parts. And when I dared to explore under the shiny surfaces, I saw that no honest couple had what I’d assumed they had: the perfect relationship, the easy love, the lucky life.
No, what I saw was a lot of unhappiness. Yes, while some couples were both blissed and blessed, many admitted that their relationships were hardly the happily-ever-after.
What’s more, I grew to understand I avoided bad relationships and like my life too much to settle. I realized I am the cake and relationships just the icing. The pang only emerges when I make the mistake of comparing myself to others.
The reason why I’m sharing this is because in the past couple of weeks, I have watched that golden couple endure one of the ugliest break-ups. What I saw that night on the dance floor was a romantic illusion. When the bubble burst, the fall back to earth was terrible for them both.
Watching the break-up, I am aware that to protect perfection is to do reality an injustice. I accept the understanding that there is only one relationship that really counts in life and that is the one we have with ourselves. And mine is a healthy one, not golden, but rosy all the same, because as my friends’ split has proven once again, shine and sparkle can blind the rest of us.
56．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A．She was moved to tears by the engagement of her friends.
B．She didn’t really feel happy for the engagement of her friends.
C．She had mixed feelings while seeing the engagement of her friends.
D．She didn’t think her friends would live a happy life after their engagement.
57．Why did the author feel lost in her relationship in the past
A．She was misguided to pursue the perfect love.
B．She was too naive to find a perfect partner.
C．She was keen on being a good partner.
D．She was immature to control her fate.
58．By “to project perfection is to do reality an injustice” in the last paragraph, the author implies that .
A．pursuing perfection does good to reality
B．we should never stop looking for perfection
C．what reality is all about is just perfection
D．a perfect relationship is hard to find in life
59．According to the author, what is the most important thing in life
A．Accepting whatever you have in life.
B．Living in harmony with yourself.
C．Leading an admirable and happy life.
D．Having a golden relationship.
【答案】56．C 57．A 58．D 59．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了人们不应该对于别人看起来完美的恋爱或关系产生过多干扰自己思维的负面情绪，因为存在于这些人们表面之下的事实，不仅很可能与表象相去甚远，而且也不是我们价值的唯一指标。文章通过亲身经历和心得体会，表达了对于恋爱关系的深刻思考和对于人生的洞察和感悟。最终得出的结论是，我们和自己之间的关系是唯一真正重要的关系，我们应该把焦点集中在自己的内心世界上，尽可能地从自己身上体验生命的真谛。
56．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I recall the night we celebrated their engagement, watching this golden couple swing each other on the dance floor, laughing while emitting a glow that could light a city grid. (我记得我们庆祝他们订婚的那个晚上，看着这对黄金夫妇在舞池里互相摇摆，一边笑着，一边散发出可以照亮城市电网的光芒。)”及第二段“As happy as I was for them, in that moment I couldn’t ignore a sudden heaviness of heart. That pang was back, whispering, ‘Why not me ’(虽然我为他们感到高兴，但在那一刻，我无法忽视内心突然的沉重。那种痛苦又回来了，低声说：‘为什么不是我？’)”可知，作者在朋友的订婚仪式上为朋友高兴的同时也为自己感到难过，作者的感受是百感交集，故选C项。
57．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the past, it was a constant companion as I navigated life with naive notions of love, romance and fate. (过去，当我带着对爱情、浪漫和命运的天真观念驾驭生活时，它是一个不变的伴侣。)”及第四段中“Then as I matured, I took a closer look at those who I thought had it all, the ones who tick all the boxes, who look and act the romance-novel parts.(然后，随着我的成熟，我仔细观察了那些我认为拥有一切的人，那些勾选所有盒子的人，那些看起来和表演浪漫小说部分的人。)”可知，过去的她被误导去追求完美的爱情，所以会感到失落。故选A项。
58．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“What I saw that night on the dance floor was a romantic illusion.(那天晚上我在舞池里看到的是一种浪漫的幻觉)”及最后一段中“Watching the break-up, I am aware that to protect perfection is to do reality an injustice.(看着分手，我知道保护完美就是对现实的不公正。)”可知作者是在暗示完美关系在现实中很难找到。故选D项。
59．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I accept the understanding that there is only one relationship that really counts in life and that is the one we have with ourselves.(我接受这样的理解，即生活中只有一种关系真正重要，那就是我们与自己的关系。)”可知，作者认为我们与自己的关系是唯一在生命中真正重要的关系。故选B项。
（B）
In Factfulness, Professor Hans Roslingasks raises questions like ‘How many girls finish school ’ and ‘What percentage of the world’s population is poor ’ It turns out that the majority of us get the answers to these questions completely wrong. Why does this happen Factfulness sets out to explain why, showing that there are several human instincts that distort(扭曲)our perspective. This book focuses on our instinctive biases(偏见), offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world.
Are things getting worse every day Is progress an impossible goal In Enlightenment Now, Steven Pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news. We are living longer, healthier, freer and happier lives. Pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world. Instead, he shows us some carefully selected data. In 75 surprising graphs, we see that safety, peace, knowledge and health are getting better all over the world. Economic inequality, he claims, is not really a problem, because it is not actually that important for human well-being.
For more than two hundred years those who hold negative thoughts have been winning the public debate. They tell us that things are getting worse. But as a matter of fact, life is getting better. Income, food availability and lifespan are rising; disease, violence and child mortality are falling. Best-selling author Matt Ridley doesn’t only explain how things are getting better; he gives us reasons why as well. He shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialization. This bold book looks at the entirety of human history-from the Stone Age to the 21st century—and changes the concept that it’s all going downhill.
The majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation: suffering from incredible poverty and wars. The reality is that a great transformation is occurring. Over the past 20 years, more than 700 million people have increased their income and come out of poverty. This is happening across developing countries around the world. In his book The Great Surge, Stevens Radelet describes how all of this is happening and, more importantly, it shows us how we can speed up the process.
60．What is the common feature of the four books
A．They focus on the present situations concerning developing countries.
B．They emphasize the importance of dealing with problems in poor countries.
C．They try to direct readers to a positive path in terms of human development.
D．They appeal to show more sympathy and understanding for poor countries.
61．Which author supports his arguments by providing factual evidence
A．Hans Roslingasks. B．Steven Pinker. C．Matt Ridley. D．Stevens Radelet.
62．Which of the following can be a possible title for Book 3
A．The Rational Optimist. B．Human History: Where Are We
C．A Public Debate. D．Out of Povetty: What and How
【答案】60．C 61．B 62．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本书，这四本书的共同点是试图引导读者在人类发展方面有积极的看法
60．细节理解题。根据第一部分的“Factfulness sets out to explain why, showing that there are several human instincts that distort(扭曲)our perspective. This book focuses on our instinctive biases(偏见), offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world.(《事实》试图解释其中的原因，表明人类有几种本能会扭曲我们的视角。这本书关注的是我们本能的偏见，提供实用的建议，帮助我们看到世界上好的一面和坏的一面)”，第二部分的“Are things getting worse every day Is progress an impossible goal In Enlightenment Now, Steven Pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news. We are living longer, healthier, freer and happier lives. (事情一天比一天糟糕吗？进步是一个不可能实现的目标吗？在《启蒙运动》中，史蒂文·平克着眼于人类进步的大局，发现了好消息。我们活得更长、更健康、更自由、更幸福)”，第三部分的“But as a matter of fact, life is getting better. Income, food availability and lifespan are rising; disease, violence and child| mortality are falling.(但事实上，生活正在变得越来越好。收入、粮食供应和寿命都在增加；疾病、暴力和儿童死亡率正在下降)”和最后一部分的“The majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation: suffering from incredible poverty and wars. The reality is that a great transformation is occurring. Over the past 20 years, more than 700 million people have increased their income and come out of poverty.(大多数人认为，发展中国家正处于可怕的境地：遭受着令人难以置信的贫困和战争。现实情况是，一场巨大的变革正在发生。在过去的20年里，超过7亿人增加了收入，摆脱了贫困)”可知，这四本书的共同点是：它们试图引导读者在人类发展方面有积极的看法。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据第二部分的“Pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world. Instead, he shows us some carefully selected data.(Pinker要求我们不要再过分关注那些宣告世界末日的负面新闻和头条新闻。相反，他向我们展示了一些精心挑选的数据)”推知，Steven Pinker通过提供事实证据来支持他的论点。故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据第三部分“For more than two hundred years those who hold negative thoughts have been winning the public debate. They tell us that things are getting worse. But as a matter of fact, life is getting better. Income, food availability and lifespan are rising; disease, violence and child| mortality are falling. Best-selling author Matt Ridley doesn’t only explain how things are getting better; he gives us reasons why as well. He shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialization. This bold book looks at the entirety of human history-from the Stone Age to the 21st century—and changes the concept that it’s all going downhill.(两百多年来，那些持有负面想法的人一直在公众辩论中获胜。他们告诉我们情况越来越糟。但事实上，生活正在变得越来越好。收入、粮食供应和寿命都在增加；疾病、暴力和儿童死亡率正在下降。畅销书作家Matt Ridley不仅解释了情况是如何好转的；他也给了我们理由。他向我们展示了由于思想交流和专业化，人类文化是如何朝着积极的方向发展的。这本大胆的书审视了从石器时代到21世纪的整个人类历史，并改变了一切都在走下坡路的观念)”可知，这本书通过展示人类积极发展的真相主反驳那持负面想法的人，指出人们有理由看到积极的方面。由此推知“理性乐观派”可以作为本书的标题。故选A。
( C )
If you ask something of ChatGPT, an artificial-intelligence (AI) tool that is going viral, the responses you get back are almost instantaneous, utterly certain and often wrong. It is a bit like talking to an economist. The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT yield much more indecisive answers. But they are ones that managers ought to start asking.
One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security. Worries are natural. An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing; an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another. Being clear about how workers would redirect time and energy that is freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance. So does creating a sense of agency: research conducted by a team in Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that an ability to override (凌驾于) an AI makes employees more likely to use it.
Employees at Tapestry, a set of luxury brands, were given access to a forecasting model that told them how to assign stock to stores. Some used a model whose logic could be interpreted; others used a model that was more of a black box. Workers turned out to be likelier to overturn models they could understand because they were, mistakenly, sure of their own intuitions (直觉). Workers were willing to accept the decisions of a model they could not explain, however, because of their confidence in the expertise of people who had built it. The qualifications of those behind an AI matter.
The different ways that customers respond to humans and to algorithms (算法) is a booming area of research. In a recent paper Gizem Yalcin of the University of Texas at Austin and her coauthors looked at whether customers responded differently to decisions — to approve someone for a loan, for example, or a country club membership — when they were made by a machine or a person. They found that people reacted the same when they were being rejected. But they felt less positive about an organisation when they were approved by an algorithm rather than a human. The reason People are good at explaining away unfavourable decisions, whoever makes them. However, it is harder for them to attribute a successful application to their own charming, delightful selves when assessed by a machine. People want to feel special, not reduced to a data point.
The picture that emerges from such research is messy. It is also dynamic: just as technologies evolve, so will attitudes. But it is crystal clear on one thing. The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do, but also on how they make people feel.
63．It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the author thinks economists are likely to ________.
A．be unconfident about their own standpoints
B．provide unreliable suggestions to the public
C．be frequent users of such AIs as ChatGPT
D．serve as qualified consultants for managers
64．According to the second and third paragraphs, which of the following statements is correct
A．AI would be more accepted if it joins in social events like dinner parties.
B．Directors should find ways to remind employees of their false intuitions.
C．The finding of MIT research conflicts with the implication of Tapestry case.
D．Workers tend to accept a model hard to understand due to a sense of agency.
65．According to the passage, Gizem Yalcin’s finding best explains that people ________.
A．tend to forecast negative judgements whoever the maker
B．react the same when receiving favorable assessments
C．refuse to be rated by a machine employed by a company
D．value their distinctive features in a particular situation
66．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．employees’ and customers’ attitudes to AI
B．questions managers should ask AI tools
C．the research and development of AI techs
D．different ways of assessing AI applications
【答案】63．B 64．D 65．D 66．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以目前正很火的一款人工智能工具ChatGPT为例子，提出像ChatGPT这样的技术的使用，尽管很智能，但管理者们应该从实际考虑思考一些问题：其中一个问题是如何处理员工对工作保障的担忧，而另一个问题则是来自客户对人工智能的态度。
63．推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“If you ask something of ChatGPT, an artificial-intelligence (AI) tool that is going viral, the responses you get back are almost instantaneous, utterly certain and often wrong. It is a bit like talking to an economist.(ChatGPT是一款人工智能(AI)工具，目前正火得很，如果你问它一些问题，你得到的回答几乎是即时的、绝对肯定的，而且经常是错误的。这有点像与一位经济学家交谈。)”可知，与ChatGPT谈论问题就像与经济学家交谈一样，得到的是几乎即时、十分有底气但常常是错误的答复。由此可推知，在作者看来，经济学家向公众表达的想法或建议并不值得信赖，不可靠。故选B项。
64．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Workers were willing to accept the decisions of a model they could not explain, however, because of their confidence in the expertise of people who had built it. The qualifications of those behind an AI matter.(然而，工人们愿意接受他们无法解释的模型的决定，因为他们对构建模型的人的专业知识充满信心。人工智能背后的人的资格很重要。)”可知，工人们更愿意接受自己无法理解的AI智能模型，而他们在执行这种AI决定是出于对于人工智能背后的构建模型的人的专业度的信任，即，在履行一种代理。因此，选项D“Workers tend to accept a model hard to understand due to a sense of agency.(由于代理意识，员工倾向于接受一种难以理解的模式。)”是正确论述。故选D项。
65．推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“However, it is harder for them to attribute a successful application to their own charming, delightful selves when assessed by a machine. People want to feel special, not reduced to a data point.(然而，当被机器评估时，他们很难将成功的申请归功于自己迷人、令人愉快的自我。人们想要感觉特别，而不是被简化成一个数据点。)”可知，当人们被机器认定为申请成功时，就会认为自己被简化成了一个数据点，而不是由于自己本身有魅力或讨人喜欢。由此可知，Gizem Yalcin的发现最好地解释了人们在特定情况下看重自己的独特特征。故选D项。
66．主旨大意题。根据文章关键句第二段“One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security.(其中一个问题是如何处理员工对工作保障的担忧。)”，倒数第二段“The different ways that customers respond to humans and to algorithms is a booming area of research.(顾客对人类和算法的不同反应是一个蓬勃发展的研究领域。)”以及末尾段内容“But it is crystal clear on one thing. The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do, but also on how they make people feel.(但有一点是非常清楚的。ChatGPT和其他人工智能的影响不仅取决于它们能做什么，还取决于它们给人的感觉。)”可知，文章主要从员工和顾客两个角度探讨了他们对于人工智能的感觉。选项A“employees’ and customers’ attitudes to AI(员工和客户对人工智能的态度)”贴合主旨。故选A项。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A．One suggestion is to encourage people to cycle more. B．Generally, people dislike the image travelling by bus creates. C．However, there are a number of steps that can be taken to reduce road congestion. D．This allows some flexibility for car drivers but reduces city centre congestion. E．Finally, there are the negative effects that traffic congestion causes to the environment. F．Also, governments may not want to increase fuel taxation too much if it is unpopular with voters.
The Effects of Traffic Congestion in Cities
Many of the world’s big cities have problems with congestion. There is simply far too much traffic, so governments everywhere have to think about how to solve the problem.
Traffic jams have a number of negative effects. They cause stress to drivers, which may lead to health problems or road rage. They can also reduce productivity because products cannot be delivered on time and employees arrive late for work or meetings. Another important issue is that the emergency services can become caught in traffic. 67 Traffic congestion wastes fuel, which in turn produces more carbon dioxide through the car exhausts and contributes to the greenhouse effect.
68 The most obvious solutions involve engineering. This means building more roads with wider lanes so that more cars can travel at the same time. However, the problems with these kind of solutions are the construction costs and that more roads may actually encourage more traffic.
Other more creative solutions to the congestion problem are to increase tax on fuel so that it is more expensive, or make people pay to travel on certain roads such as in the centre of a city or on a motorway. However, taxing fuel and roads may mean that some people cannot afford to drive their cars and may have to give up their jobs. 69
A more popular solution, therefore, would be to encourage other forms of transport which will lead to fewer cars on the road. 70 Although this mode of transport has obvious health benefits and reduces air pollution, it is not very practical in every climate and can prove dangerous in heavy traffic.
Overall, although there are a number of good ways to tackle this problem, some of these also have negative effects. It would seem that encouraging alternative forms of transport is probably the best solution as this solves the congestion problems and reduces the amount of traffic at the same time, which will also have a positive effect on the environment.
【答案】67．E 68．C 69．F 70．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲探讨了了城市交通拥堵的影响的问题，世界上许多大城市都存在拥堵问题，各地的政府都必须考虑如何解决这个问题。
67．根据上文“Traffic jams have a number of negative effects. They cause stress to drivers, which may lead to health problems or road rage. They can also reduce productivity because products cannot be delivered on time and employees arrive late for work or meetings. Another important issue is that the emergency services can become caught in traffic.(交通堵塞有许多负面影响。它们会给驾驶员带来压力，从而可能导致健康问题或道路暴怒。它们还可能降低生产力，因为产品无法按时交付，员工上班或开会迟到。另一个重要问题是，紧急服务可能会陷入交通堵塞)”可知，上文讲了交通堵塞带来的一系列影响，空白处应接着整个话题继续讲交通堵塞的负面影响，与E项“Finally, there are the negative effects that traffic congestion causes to the environment.(最后，还有交通拥堵对环境造成的负面影响)”表达的含义一致，且下文“Traffic congestion wastes fuel, which in turn produces more carbon dioxide through the car exhausts and contributes to the greenhouse effect.(交通拥堵浪费了燃料，反过来，汽车尾气会产生更多的二氧化碳，导致温室效应)”是对选项的具体说明。故选E项。
68．根据下文“The most obvious solutions involve engineering.(最明显的解决方案涉及工程)”可推理出上文讲的是解决问题的办法，与C项“However, there are a number of steps that can be taken to reduce road congestion.(然而，可以采取一些措施来减少道路拥堵)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
69．根据上文“However, taxing fuel and roads may mean that some people cannot afford to drive their cars and may have to give up their jobs.(然而，对燃料和道路征税可能意味着一些人开不起车，可能不得不放弃工作)”可推理出对燃料和道路征税可能得不到许多人的支持，与F项“Also, governments may not want to increase fuel taxation too much if it is unpopular with voters.(此外，如果不受选民欢迎，政府可能不想过多地增加燃油税)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
70．根据上文“A more popular solution, therefore, would be to encourage other forms of transport which will lead to fewer cars on the road.(因此，一个更受欢迎的解决方案是鼓励其他形式的交通工具，这将减少道路上的汽车数量)”可知，此处谈的是鼓励人们采用其他类型的交通方式，与A项“One suggestion is to encourage people to cycle more.(一个建议是鼓励人们多骑自行车)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
IV.Summary Writing (10分)
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How to Be a Successful Team Leader
Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills.
A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well.
What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team.
To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader.
It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders.
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【答案】It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader.
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
71．那家自助餐厅的这道菜不但营养丰富，而且色味俱佳，因为它的新食谱中包含许多由移民引入的不同食材。(appealing，introduce)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】The dish of that cafeteria is not only nutritious but also appealing when it comes to color and taste as the new recipe includes many different ingredients introduced by immigrants.
【详解】考查状语从句、形容词、动词。分析句子结构，这是一个包含时间状语从句和原因状语从句的复合句，“色味俱佳”可以使用时间状语从句进行表达，用when引导从句；“因为它的新食谱中包含许多由移民引入的不同食材”为原因状语从句，用as引导从句。表示“那家自助餐厅的这道菜”含义的表达为the dish of that cafeteria；表示“不但……而且”含义的结构为“not only…but also”；表示“营养丰富”含义的词为nutritious；表示“色味俱佳”的表达为appealing when it comes to color and taste；表示“新食谱”含义的表达为the new recipe；表示“包含”含义的动词为include；表示“许多由移民引入的不同食材”含义的表达为many different ingredients introduced by immigrants，其中introduced为过去分词做后置定语，修饰ingredients。因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，故翻译为The dish of that cafeteria is not only nutritious but also appealing when it comes to color and taste as the new recipe includes many different ingredients introduced by immigrants.
72．这是他第一次在全班面前做演讲，这给大家留下了深刻的印象。(that)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It is the first time that he has delivered a speech in front of the whole class, which leaves a deep impression on everyone.
【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句。表示“第一次做某事”用固定句型It is the first time that sb. has done sth,；表示“做演讲”用deliver a speech，故本句用It is the first time that he has delivered a speech。表示“在全班面前”用in front of the whole class。表示“这给大家留下了深刻的印象”用非限制性定语从句形式表示。从句主语用which代替主句；表示“给某人留下了深刻的印象”用短语leave a deep impression on sb.，因主语which为第三人称单数，故本句用leaves a deep impression on。表示“大家”用everyone，作介词on的宾语。故句子翻译为It is the first time that he has delivered a speech in front of the whole class, which leaves a deep impression on everyone.
73．这部大热纪录片里其乐融融的场景让我想起了自己小时候，每年除夕全家围在一起守岁的情景。(when)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】The happy scenes in the hit documentary remind me of when I was a child, the whole family would gather together every New Year’s Eve.
【详解】考查状语从句和动词短语。表示“乐融融的场景”应用the happy scenes；表示“这部大热纪录片里”翻译为in the hit documentary；表示“让某人想起”短语为remind sb. of sth.，为一般现在时；when引导时间状语从句，表示“自己小时候”翻译为when I was a child；表示“全家围在一起守岁”翻译为the whole family would gather together；表示“每年除夕”翻译为every New Year's Eve。故翻译为The happy scenes in the hit documentary remind me of when I was a child, the whole family would gather together every New Year’s Eve.
74．尽管各种不同网页的数量成倍增加，但使用方言的网页却很少。(Despite)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Despite the exponential growth in the number of different webpages, there are very few webpages that use dialects.
【详解】考查介词、固定短语和时态。表示“尽管”应用介词despite；表示“各种不同网页的数量成倍增加”翻译为the exponential growth in the number of different webpages；为there be句型；表示“使用方言的网页却很少”翻译为very few webpages that use dialects，that引导定语从句；为一般现在时。故翻译为Despite the exponential growth in the number of different webpages, there are very few webpages that use dialects.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
假如你是明启中学的高一学生李敏，得知学校网站发起了一个关于“我与传统美食的故事”的征稿活动。你对此很感兴趣，并积极投稿。你的稿件内容包括：
1.简单介绍你最喜欢的一款传统美食；
2.叙述美食背后的个人故事。
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【答案】范文
My Story with Traditional Cuisine
As a high school student in Mingqi High School, I am excited to join the school website’s writing activity about my favorite traditional cuisine and my personal story.
My favorite traditional cuisine is dumplings, a popular dish that symbolizes good fortune and family cohesion in Chinese culture. Every year during winter vacation, my entire family gathers together to make dumplings. This tradition has been passed down from my grandmother to my mother and then to me. We carefully mix the flour and stuffing, knead the dough, and shape the dumplings into beautiful crescents. When we cook and eat them together, we share our dreams and daily experiences, strengthening our familial bond.
The tradition of making dumplings not only enhances my love for a delicious food but also creates a special connection between my family and me. This tradition reminds me of my roots and demonstrates the importance of family in traditional Chinese culture.
