单元十二 名词性从句（精讲案）——2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】
名词性从句的概述
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导词有三类：
从属连词只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分；
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
（1）that 引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，且无词义。一般不可省略。
That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.
从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。
（2）wh-类连接词引导的主语从句
wh-类连接词包括wh-类的连接代词（who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever等）和连接副词（when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等）。语序为wh-类连接词加陈述句。
What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。
（3）whether引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句常置于句首，有时也可用it作形式主语代替。
Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance.
他能否按时完成任务非常重要。
注意：
whether与if引导主语从句的区别：
主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，表示"是否"，只能用whether，不可用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。
Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
我们能否有干净的饮用水取决于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。
It's uncertain whether/ if he'll come this evening.
他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（1）it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语。
① It + be +形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable 等）+ that 从句
It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
注意：
在"It is necessary/ important/ surprising/ unthinkable/ unbelievable/ strange/ incredible + that从句"结构中，从句的谓语动词常用"should +动词原形"，should可以省略。
It's necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages.
大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。
② It + be +名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等）+ that从句
It's no wonder that he didn't want to go.
难怪他不想去。
③ It + be +过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged等）+ that从句
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.
会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。
注意：
在"It + be + suggested/ advised/ ordered/ requested/ required/ insisted/ demanded + that从句"结构中，that 从句的谓语动词应用"should +动词原形"，should可省略。
It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English.
建议你花更多的时间学习英语。
④ It +动词/ 动词短语（seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make no difference等）+ that从句
It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.
她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。
（2）it作形式主语，连接代词、连接副词或whether/ if引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
It is not immediately clear whether/ if the financial crisis will soon be over.
经济危机是否会很快结束，短时间内不会很明显。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后，或由形式宾语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导词有三类：
从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether和if意为"是否"；
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.
科学家研究人脑如何为了制造计算机工作。
（1）that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，口语中一般可以省略。常见的可以接that引导的宾语从句的动词有see, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider等，that一般可以省略。
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help.
我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
注意：
that引导宾语从句在下列情况下不能省略：
① 当that从句作介词的宾语时。
I don't know exactly where he lives, except that it's somewhere out in the wilds.
他住在哪里我不是很清楚，只知道是远离城市的荒野之中。
② 动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
He told me he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
他告诉我他得离开且很快就会回来。
③ 宾语从句前有插入语时。
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.
恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。
④ that引导的从句位于句首时。
That prices will go up I know.
我知道物价将要上涨。
（2）连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句
① wh-类连接词包括连接代词（who, whom, what, which, whoever, whichever等）和连接副词（when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等），这些词在从句中既作特定的成分，又有一定的词义，不可省略。
② 能接疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词或动词短语有study, see, tell, ask, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise, believe in, search for等。
Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
（3）whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为"是否"。whether与if不能省略。
It is still under discussion whether/ if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
这个旧公共汽车站是否应该被一座现代化的宾馆取代仍在讨论中。
注意：
whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
① 宾语从句中的whether与 or not直接连用时，不能换成if；不直接连用时，可互换。
I don't know whether or not the report is true.
I don't know whether/ if the report is true or not.
我不知道这个报道是否是真的。
② 介词后的宾语从句要用 whether引导，whether可与不定式连用。
It depends on whether we have enough time.
这取决于我们是否有充足的时间。
They don't know whether to go there.
他们不知道是否去那里。（与不定式连用）
③ 引导表语从句或同位语从句时。
The question is whether we can get in touch with her.
问题是我们能否和她取得联系。
④ whether引导主语从句并置于句首时。
Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.
他是否能按时来参加聚会要看交通状况。
注意：
doubt后接宾语从句时，如果用于肯定句，从句的引导词常用whether或if；用于否定句或疑问句时，从句的引导词常用that。
The doctor really doubts whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈能否从严重的疾病中很快康复。
Never once did I doubt that I would be able to carry out my plan.
我从未怀疑过我能执行自己的计划。
2. it作形式宾语的宾语从句
（1）一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。这类动词常见的有find, feel, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
（2）hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示"喜欢"、"厌恶"的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
三、表语从句
1. 通用引导词引导的表语从句
在主从复合句中充当表语的从句叫做表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后。引导词有三类：
从属连词只起连接作用，其中if不能引导表语从句，that一般不能省略；
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。
I'd like to start my own business—that's what I'd do if I had the money.
我想要自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
The problem is whether the air pollution can be controlled.
问题是空气污染能否被控制住。
2. 其他连接词引导的表语从句
（1）as if/ as though 引导的表语从句
as if/ as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词，seem, look, taste, sound, feel, appear等连系动词之后。
The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。
（2）because和why引导的表语从句
because和why也可引导表语从句，但because后接原因，why后接结果。because引导表语从句时，主语不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型：
This/ That is why… 这/ 那是……的原因。
This/ That is because… 这/ 那是因为……
He was fired. That is because he didn't work hard.
他被解雇了。那是因为他没有努力工作。
He didn't work hard. That's why he was fired.
他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。
四、同位语从句
1. 同位语从句的引导词
在主从复合句中充当同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句对其前面的抽象名词（news, fact, idea, desire, suggestion, promise, information等）进行解释说明。
同位语从句的引导词主要有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作句子成分，that无词义，whether表示"是否"。if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连词一般都不能省略。
The report that he was going to resign was false.
他将要辞职的报道是假的。
2. 常跟同位语从句的名词
后常跟同位语从句的名词有advice, fact, doubt, suggestion, hope, demand, conclusion, idea, news, order, request, thought, word, wish, promise, truth, information, message, belief, report, desire, problem, possibility等。
When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定参军。
注意：
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
① 同位语从句是对从句前面的名词进行说明或解释；而定语从句是对其前的名词加以修饰或限定。
② 同位语从句说明的名词一般是news, fact, idea, thought, hope, order等抽象名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。
③ 引导同位语从句的that不充当句子成分，没有任何词汇意义，但通常不可省略。在定语从句中，引导词that在从句中代替先行词作主语、宾语或表语；作宾语时，that可省略。
The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.
我们的足球队赢得比赛的消息令人鼓舞。（同位语从句）
The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true.
我们从收音机里听到的消息是不准确的。（定语从句）
1. ________ made her surprised was _______ she received a bunch of flowers for no good reason yesterday.
A. That; how B. What; that C. What; what D. That; that
2. In my opinion, ________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
3. It is not a problem ______we can win the battle；it's just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
4. Having been led to another community by the real estate dealer, he wondered ________.
A. how much costs this flat B. how does this flat cost
C. how much this flat costs D. how is this flat cost
5. —I have to say that's a wonderful plan. But I wonder ______. Next month Or next year
—We don't have that much time, I'm afraid.
A. how soon it will be carried out B. how long it will be carried out
C. how soon will it be carried out D. how long will it be carried out
6. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ________ had used the products.
A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever
7. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _____ suits you best.
A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever
8. —Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children
—No, that's ________ they are mistaken.
A. where B. what C. when D. how
9. When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was ______ I looked forward to most.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
10. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected.
A. why B. how C. that D. what
11. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
12. The opinion ______learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.
A. which B. that C. what D. how
13. The question came up at the meeting ______we had enough money to conduct the research.
A. what B. which C. that D. whether
14. ________ is highly recommended is cheongsam, ________ traditional women costume featuring strong national flavor.
A. That; 不填 B. What; 不填 C. That; which D. what; which
15. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence _______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
A. that B. in which C. where D. from which
答案以及解析
1.答案：B
解析：分析句子可知, 该句主句谓语动词是was, was前是一个主语从句, 该从句缺主语, 缺少一个意思是"所……"的表达, 所以用what引导该主语从句；was后是一个表语从句, 该从句意思完整, 成分齐全, 所以用that引导。故选：B。
2.答案：D
解析：考查主语从句。句意：在我看来，让这本书出色的地方是作者富有创造力的想象。is之前为主语从句，主语从句中缺主语，指的是事物，用what，故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题。这只是时间问题。根据下文it's just a matter of time可知，此处指"我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题"，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
4.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句的语序。句意：在被那个房地产交易商带到另一个社区后，他想知道这套公寓要花多少钱。分析可知，wondered后接的是宾语从句，根据上下文语境可知是对花多少钱进行提问，用how much，并且宾语从句用陈述语气，故选C。
5.答案：A
解析：本题主要考查宾语从句。根据题目中的Next month Or next year 可知，是问多久之后，是在对将来的一段时间提问。how long意为"多久、多长时间"，主要是对一段时间进行提问。how soon表示"不久之后"，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。因此应用 how soon引导宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即疑问词+主语+谓语+其他成分。故正确答案为A。
6.答案：B
解析：本题考查名词性从句.从句缺主语，应选连接代词，结合句意指人，这里指用了产品的"任何人"，只能选B
7.答案：B
解析：宾语从句的连接词为本题主要考查点。本题中的whichever suits you best是一个宾语从句，whichever在句中做主语。C、D两项在句中只能做状语。Which是指特定范围之内的某一个，是有范围限制的。句意：提供了多达五门学科，你可以自由选择任何一个最适合你的。说明是有范围限制的，故B正确。
8.答案：A
解析：本题考查表语从句.根据句意和结构可知that's 后面是表语从句，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故选：A.
9.答案：B
解析：考查表语从句。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，年夜饭是我最期待的。was后是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导，指代"我最期待的东西"。故选B。
10.答案：D
解析：考查表语从句。句意：他努力学习，后来成为一个著名的作家，这是他父亲所期望的。was后接表语从句，从句中expect后缺少宾语，表示"……的事情"，所以由what来充当宾语。故选D。
11.答案：D
解析：句意：有个故事说，英国的伊丽莎白一世最喜欢在宫廷里被聪明能干的贵族包围。本题考查连接词的用法，同时也考查同位语从句的用法。when什么时候；where哪里；what什么；that无意义；用that引导同位语从句，在句中不作任何成分。其他选项都在从句中充当一定的成分。从句"Elizabeth of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court"结构完整，不需要其他的成分。故选D。
12.答案：B
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：教育专家多年来一直认为学习是一个终生的过程。分析句意及句子成分可知，此处为the opinion的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分、句意完整，应使用that，that在名词性从句中无实意、不作成分、只起连接作用。故选B。
13.答案：D
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：是否我们有足够的钱来实施这项研究，这个问题在会议上提了出来。空处引导同位语从句解释question。根据句意，对于"我们是否有足够的钱"表示不确定。whether为从句的引导词，意为"是否"，符合句意。故选D。
14.答案：B
解析：考查主语从句和同位语。句意:我强烈推荐旗袍，这是种具有浓郁民族风情的传统女性服装。分析句子可知，该句第一空为连词what引导的主语从句，连词what在从句中充当主语成分，第二空后traditional women costume为cheongsam的同位语关系，所以该空不需要填,该旬featuring strong national flavor为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰该名词costume.故选B项。
15.答案：A
解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知, 主句为there be句型, 且结构完整, evidence后为同位语从句, 解释说明evidence的内容, 故填that。(共63张PPT)
单元十二
名词性从句
名词性从句的概述
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导词有三类：
从属连词只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分；
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
（1）that 引导的主语从句
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，且无词义。一般不可省略。
That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.
从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
（2）wh-类连接词引导的主语从句
wh-类连接词包括wh-类的连接代词（who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever等）和连接副词（when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等）。语序为wh-类连接词加陈述句。
What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
芭芭拉·琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
（3）whether引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句常置于句首，有时也可用it作形式主语代替。
Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance.
他能否按时完成任务非常重要。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
注意：
whether与if引导主语从句的区别：
主语从句位于主句谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether，不可用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。
一、主语从句
1. 主语从句的引导词
Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
我们能否有干净的饮用水取决于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。
It's uncertain whether/ if he'll come this evening.
他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（1）it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语。
① It + be +形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable 等）+ that 从句
It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
注意：
在“It is necessary/ important/ surprising/ unthinkable/ unbelievable/ strange/ incredible + that从句”结构中，从句的谓语动词常用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
It's necessary that a college student (should) master one or two foreign languages.
大学生掌握一两门外语是必要的。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（1）it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语。
② It + be +名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise等）+ that从句
It's no wonder that he didn't want to go.
难怪他不想去。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（1）it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语。
③ It + be +过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged等）+ that从句
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.
会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
注意：
在“It + be + suggested/ advised/ ordered/ requested/ required/ insisted/ demanded + that 从句”结构中，that 从句的谓语动词应用“should +动词原形”，should可省略。
It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English.
建议你花更多的时间学习英语。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（1）it作形式主语，从属连词that引导的从句作真正的主语。
④ It +动词/ 动词短语（seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make no difference等）+ that从句
It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.
她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（2）it作形式主语，连接代词、连接副词或whether/ if引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
一、主语从句
2. it作形式主语的主语从句
（2）it作形式主语，连接代词、连接副词或whether/ if引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
It is not immediately clear whether/ if the financial crisis will soon be over.
经济危机是否会很快结束，短时间内不会很明显。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后，或由形式宾语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导词有三类：
从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether和if意为“是否”；
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.
科学家研究人脑如何为了制造计算机工作。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（1）that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，口语中一般可以省略。常见的可以接that引导的宾语从句的动词有see, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider等，that一般可以省略。
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help.
我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（1）that引导的宾语从句
注意：
that引导宾语从句在下列情况下不能省略：
① 当that从句作介词的宾语时。
I don't know exactly where he lives, except that it's somewhere out in the wilds.
他住在哪里我不是很清楚，只知道是远离城市的荒野之中。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（1）that引导的宾语从句
注意：
that引导宾语从句在下列情况下不能省略：
② 动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
He told me he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
他告诉我他得离开且很快就会回来。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（1）that引导的宾语从句
注意：
that引导宾语从句在下列情况下不能省略：
③ 宾语从句前有插入语时。
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.
恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（1）that引导的宾语从句
注意：
that引导宾语从句在下列情况下不能省略：
④ that引导的从句位于句首时。
That prices will go up I know.
我知道物价将要上涨。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（2）连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句
① wh-类连接词包括连接代词（who, whom, what, which, whoever, whichever等）和连接副词（when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等），这些词在从句中既作特定的成分，又有一定的词义，不可省略。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（2）连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句
② 能接疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词或动词短语有study, see, tell, ask, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise, believe in, search for等。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（2）连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句
Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
（3）whether与if引导的宾语从句
whether与if引导宾语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。whether与if不能省略。
It is still under discussion whether/ if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
这个旧公共汽车站是否应该被一座现代化的宾馆取代仍在讨论中。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
注意：
whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
① 宾语从句中的whether与 or not直接连用时，不能换成if；不直接连用时，可互换。
I don't know whether or not the report is true.
I don't know whether/ if the report is true or not.
我不知道这个报道是否是真的。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
② 介词后的宾语从句要用 whether引导，whether可与不定式连用。
It depends on whether we have enough time.
这取决于我们是否有充足的时间。
They don't know whether to go there.
他们不知道是否去那里。（与不定式连用）
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
注意：
whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
③ 引导表语从句或同位语从句时。
The question is whether we can get in touch with her.
问题是我们能否和她取得联系。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
注意：
whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下只能用whether而不能用if：
④ whether引导主语从句并置于句首时。
Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.
他是否能按时来参加聚会要看交通状况。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
注意：
doubt后接宾语从句时，如果用于肯定句，从句的引导词常用whether或if；用于否定句或疑问句时，从句的引导词常用that。
The doctor really doubts whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈能否从严重的疾病中很快康复。
二、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的引导词
注意：
doubt后接宾语从句时，如果用于肯定句，从句的引导词常用whether或if；用于否定句或疑问句时，从句的引导词常用that。
Never once did I doubt that I would be able to carry out my plan.
我从未怀疑过我能执行自己的计划。
二、宾语从句
2. it作形式宾语的宾语从句
（1）一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。这类动词常见的有find, feel, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
二、宾语从句
2. it作形式宾语的宾语从句
（2）hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
三、表语从句
1. 通用引导词引导的表语从句
在主从复合句中充当表语的从句叫做表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后。引导词有三类：
从属连词只起连接作用，其中if不能引导表语从句，that一般不能省略；
连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
三、表语从句
1. 通用引导词引导的表语从句
Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。
I'd like to start my own business—that's what I'd do if I had the money.
我想要自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
The problem is whether the air pollution can be controlled.
问题是空气污染能否被控制住。
三、表语从句
2. 其他连接词引导的表语从句
（1）as if/ as though 引导的表语从句
as if/ as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词，seem, look, taste, sound, feel, appear等连系动词之后。
The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。
三、表语从句
2. 其他连接词引导的表语从句
（2）because和why引导的表语从句
because和why也可引导表语从句，但because后接原因，why后接结果。because引导表语从句时，主语不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型：
This/ That is why… 这/ 那是……的原因。
This/ That is because… 这/ 那是因为……
三、表语从句
2. 其他连接词引导的表语从句
（2）because和why引导的表语从句
He was fired. That is because he didn't work hard.
他被解雇了。那是因为他没有努力工作。
He didn't work hard. That's why he was fired.
他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。
四、同位语从句
1. 同位语从句的引导词
在主从复合句中充当同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句对其前面的抽象名词（news, fact, idea, desire, suggestion, promise, information等）进行解释说明。同位语从句的引导词主要有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。
四、同位语从句
1. 同位语从句的引导词
在同位语从句中，that和whether不作句子成分，that无词义，whether表示“是否”。if不能引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连词一般都不能省略。
The report that he was going to resign was false.
他将要辞职的报道是假的。
四、同位语从句
2. 常跟同位语从句的名词
后常跟同位语从句的名词有advice, fact, doubt, suggestion, hope, demand, conclusion, idea, news, order, request, thought, word, wish, promise, truth, information, message, belief, report, desire, problem, possibility等。
When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定参军。
四、同位语从句
2. 常跟同位语从句的名词
注意：
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
① 同位语从句是对从句前面的名词进行说明或解释；而定语从句是对其前的名词加以修饰或限定。
② 同位语从句说明的名词一般是news, fact, idea, thought, hope, order等抽象名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。
四、同位语从句
2. 常跟同位语从句的名词
注意：
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
③ 引导同位语从句的that不充当句子成分，没有任何词汇意义，但通常不可省略。在定语从句中，引导词that在从句中代替先行词作主语、宾语或表语；作宾语时，that可省略。
四、同位语从句
2. 常跟同位语从句的名词
注意：
同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.
我们的足球队赢得比赛的消息令人鼓舞。（同位语从句）
The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true.
我们从收音机里听到的消息是不准确的。（定语从句）
典例剖析
1. ________ made her surprised was _______ she received a bunch of flowers for no good reason yesterday.
That; how B. What; that
C. What; what D. That; that
答案：B
解析：分析句子可知, 该句主句谓语动词是was, was前是一个主语从句, 该从句缺主语, 缺少一个意思是"所……"的表达, 所以用what引导该主语从句；was后是一个表语从句, 该从句意思完整, 成分齐全, 所以用that引导。故选B。
2. In my opinion, ________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
答案：D
解析：考查主语从句。句意：在我看来，让这本书出色的地方是作者富有创造力的想象。is之前为主语从句，主语从句中缺主语，指的是事物，用what，故选D。
3. It is not a problem ______we can win the battle；it's just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
答案：A
解析：考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题。这只是时间问题。根据下文it's just a matter of time可知，此处指"我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题"，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
4. Having been led to another community by the real estate dealer, he wondered ________.
how much costs this flat
B. how does this flat cost
C. how much this flat costs
D. how is this flat cost
答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句的语序。句意：在被那个房地产交易商带到另一个社区后，他想知道这套公寓要花多少钱。分析可知，wondered后接的是宾语从句，根据上下文语境可知是对花多少钱进行提问，用how much，并且宾语从句用陈述语气，故选C。
5. —I have to say that's a wonderful plan. But I wonder ______. Next month Or next year
—We don't have that much time, I'm afraid.
how soon it will be carried out
B. how long it will be carried out
C. how soon will it be carried out
D. how long will it be carried out
答案：A
解析：本题主要考查宾语从句。根据题目中的Next month Or next year 可知，是问多久之后，是在对将来的一段时间提问。how long意为"多久、多长时间"，主要是对一段时间进行提问。how soon表示"不久之后"，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。因此应用 how soon引导宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即疑问词+主语+谓语+其他成分。故正确答案为A。
6. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ________ had used the products.
whatever B. whoever
C. wherever D. whichever
答案：B
解析：本题考查名词性从句.从句缺主语，应选连接代词，结合句意指人，这里指用了产品的"任何人"，只能选B
7. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _____ suits you best.
whatever B. whichever
C. whenever D. wherever
答案：B
解析：宾语从句的连接词为本题主要考查点。本题中的whichever suits you best是一个宾语从句，whichever在句中做主语。C、D两项在句中只能做状语。Which是指特定范围之内的某一个，是有范围限制的。句意：提供了多达五门学科，你可以自由选择任何一个最适合你的。说明是有范围限制的，故B正确。
8. —Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children
—No, that's ________ they are mistaken.
A. where B. what C. when D. how
答案：A
解析：本题考查表语从句。根据句意和结构可知that‘s 后面是表语从句，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故选A。
9. When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was ______ I looked forward to most.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
答案：B
解析：考查表语从句。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，年夜饭是我最期待的。was后是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导，指代"我最期待的东西"。故选B。
10. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected.
A. why B. how C. that D. what
答案：D
解析：考查表语从句。句意：他努力学习，后来成为一个著名的作家，这是他父亲所期望的。was后接表语从句，从句中expect后缺少宾语，表示"……的事情"，所以由what来充当宾语。故选D。
11. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
答案：D
解析：句意：有个故事说，英国的伊丽莎白一世最喜欢在宫廷里被聪明能干的贵族包围。本题考查连接词的用法，同时也考查同位语从句的用法。when什么时候；where哪里；what什么；that无意义；用that引导同位语从句，在句中不作任何成分。其他选项都在从句中充当一定的成分。从句"Elizabeth of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court"结构完整，不需要其他的成分。故选D。
12. The opinion ______learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.
A. which B. that C. what D. how
答案：B
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：教育专家多年来一直认为学习是一个终生的过程。分析句意及句子成分可知，此处为the opinion的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分、句意完整，应使用that，that在名词性从句中无实意、不作成分、只起连接作用。故选B。
13. The question came up at the meeting ______we had enough money to conduct the research.
A. what B. which C. that D. whether
答案：D
解析：考查同位语从句。句意：是否我们有足够的钱来实施这项研究，这个问题在会议上提了出来。空处引导同位语从句解释question。根据句意，对于"我们是否有足够的钱"表示不确定。whether为从句的引导词，意为"是否"，符合句意。故选D。
14. ________ is highly recommended is cheongsam, ________ traditional women costume featuring strong national flavor.
That; 不填 B. What; 不填
C. That; which D. what; which
答案：B
解析：考查主语从句和同位语。句意:我强烈推荐旗袍，这是种具有浓郁民族风情的传统女性服装。分析句子可知，该句第一空为连词what引导的主语从句，连词what在从句中充当主语成分，第二空后traditional women costume为cheongsam的同位语关系，所以该空不需要填,该旬featuring strong national flavor为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰该名词costume.故选B项。
15. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence _______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
that B. in which
C. where D. from which
答案：A
解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知, 主句为there be句型, 且结构完整, evidence后为同位语从句, 解释说明evidence的内容, 故填that。(共8张PPT)
单元十二
名词性从句
1. Mental health involves _____ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.
A. how B. what C. why D. which
答案：A
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何，怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。
2. What puzzles Lily's friends is _____ she always has so many crazy ideas.
whether B. why
C. what D. when
答案：B
解析：考查表语从句。句意:使Lily的朋友困惑不解的是为什么她总是有那么多疯狂的想法。设问处为表语从句的连接词,意为“为什么”,故用连接副词why。
3. The student completed this experiment to make come true _________ Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：学生们完成了这个实验，使Joseph教授所说的变成了现实。此处需要用what引导宾语从句。
4. Tigers are regarded as fearless creatures, so that's ______ in China you can see images of tigers on the walls of temples and houses to resist disasters and danger.
答案： why
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：人们认为老虎是无所畏惧的动物，所以在中国你能在寺庙和房屋的墙壁上看到老虎图像，以此来抵御灾祸和危险。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，前面Tigers are regarded as fearless creatures陈述原因，这里用why引出结果，that's why..."这就是……的原因"。故填why。
5. The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
答案： that
解析：考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导同位语从句,解释说明evidence的具体内容,从句中不缺少成分且意义完整,故用that引导。
6. Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song "The Long and Winding Road". _____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
答案： What
解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知, 本空引导主语从句, 且在从句中做主语, 意为"......的事物"。本空位于句首, 首字母应大写, 故填What。
Thank you单元十二 名词性从句(精准训练)——2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】
1. It is by no means clear ______the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality.
A. what B. how C. whether D. which
2. ______ these figures are right remains to be checked.
A. Whether B. What C. That D. If
3. ________ finishes the homework carefully will have good grades.
A. No matter what B. Whatever
C. No matter who D. Whoever
4. At junior high, I was wondering ________ my senior high was going to be like.
A. what B. how C. which D. while
5. When I try to find _____ that prevents so many people taking part in the program, it seems to me that there are two main causes.
A. what it does B. what it is C. why it does D. why it is
6. —Wow！The school uniforms can tell parents ______!
—Cool！So the children won't get lost easily.
A. where are their children B. where their children are
C. what do their children study D. what their children study
7. —I wonder with ______ Mary went to the concert.
—Her cousin, Tony.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
8. —What will you remember most after leaving junior high school？
—I will always remember ______.
A. how my friends and teachers used to help me
B. when did my friends and teachers arrive
C. where could my friends and teachers meet
D. what did the teachers say to me
9. Beijing is not at all ______a traveler who has never seen an ancient historic city before can expect.
A. / B. that C. which D. what
10. Body language is a kind of non-verbal language and that's ______it takes to communicate with others easily.
A. whether B. how C. when D. what
11. ______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better cars.
A. That; how B. What; how C. What; that D. That; that
12. The reason ________ he has been such a success is ________ he never gives up.
A. why, because B. that, what C. that, that D. why, that
13. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts
C. that when...contracts D. when...contracts
14. It is often the case______ miracles can happen for those who hang on to hope.
A. what B. that C. where D. why
15. The news came ______ the British Queen Mother celebrated her 101st birthday in good health, ______ isn't surprising, because she lives an easy life and get the best medical care.
A. when; as B. which; which C. that; that D. that; which
A
In recent days, I have watched a TV series named The Awakening Age. It tells the story of how the Chinese Communist Party (共产党) ①______ (found) in 1921 by the generation of Chen Duxiu. ②______ story is so inspiring and touching that I can't help ③______ (feel) passionate about it.
This TV drama reminded me of all of the things I had seen and experienced about the Communist Party. To some degree, I really feel a deep ④_____ (connect) with the Party. There is no doubt in my mind ⑤______ the Party has helped to support both an improvement in the quality of my life and my educational development. I believe it will continue to provide me ⑥_____ the support in the process of my growing up in the future.
Having visited some of the historical places ⑦______ (record) in China's development, I began to grow much ⑧______ (close) to my country's political identity (身份). My memories from these unforgettable experiences have become an important part of the person I am today.
Now I can proudly say that I ⑨______ (come) to understand the whole history so far and am familiar with almost all of the stories of our Communist Party. To tell the truth, I really admire all of the Party members, ⑩_____ have made contributions over the years in order to realize the great rejuvenation (振兴) of our motherland.
B
It can take a little imagination to see how some innovations might change an economy. Not so with the latest Al tools. It is easy—from a writer's perspective, uncomfortably so—①_____(think) of contexts in which something like ChatGPT, a clever chatbot which ②_____(take) the web by storm since its release in November 2022, could either dramatically boost a human worker's productivity or replace them outright. The ChatGPT in its name stands for "generative pre-trained transformer", ③_____ is a particular kind of language model.
④_____(feed) huge amounts of human-created text, ChatGPT looks for statistical regularities in this data, learns what words and phrases ⑤_____(associate) with others and therefore predict what words should come next in any given sentence and ⑥_____ sentences fit together. The result is a machine that can persuasively mimic(模仿) human language.
This capacity ⑦_____ mimicry allows ChatGPT to write essays and poetry, think up jokes, formulate code, and answer questions whether to a child or an expert. Its performance is so astonishing ⑧_____ many over the past months have been both celebrating and panicking. "Essays are dead," wrote the cognitive scientist Tim Kietzmann. Others claim that it will finish off Google as a search engine. And the program ⑨_____ thinks it may be able to replace humans in jobs from insurance agent to court reporter.
Nevertheless, there is an ⑩_____(underlie) problem that faces any form of artificial intelligence. A computer manipulates(处理) symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules with which to transform one string of symbols into another, or to recognize statistical patterns. But it does not specify what those symbols or patterns mean. To a computer, meaning is irrelevant ChatGPT "knows" what appears meaningful to humans, but not what is meaningful to itself
答案以及解析
1.答案：A
解析：考查主语从句。句意：目前还不清楚当地政府将如何处理这些质量差的建筑。it是形式主语，真正的主语部分缺do的宾语。用连接代词，又缺"什么"之意。故选A。
2.答案：A
解析：考查主语从句。句意：这些数字是否正确还有待检验。A. Whether是否；B. What什么，……的事情；C. That(无意义)；D. If是否。分析可知，空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，表示"是否"应用whether。故选A。
3.答案：D
解析：考查主语从句的引导词。句意：谁认真完成作业，谁就会取得好成绩。A. No matter what无论什么：B. Whatever 无论什么：C. No matter who无论谁：D. Whoever无论谁。分析句子的结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，且在句中作主语表示"无论谁"；no matter作"不管，无论"讲，后接what/who/when等词，引导让步状语从句；而 whoever和whatever既可引导让步状语从句，还可引导主语从句、宾语从句等，表示"无论谁"应用whoever。故选D。
4.答案：A
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：初中的时候，我一直在想我的高中会是什么样子。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少介词like后面的宾语，表示"什么样子"应用what来引导，故选A。
5.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句．find后为一个宾语从句，而且这个从句为强调结构．被强调部分疑问词what，语序用陈述语序，全句的意思是"当我想努力找出阻止许多人参加这一节目是什么原因时，依我看似乎有两个理由"．故选：B．
6.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：—哇！校服可以告诉家长他们的孩子在哪里！—太酷了！这样孩子们就不会轻易迷路了。根据句子结构可知，该空是宾语从句，作动词tell的宾语，宾语从句中应用陈述语序，根据句意"So the children won't get lost easily"可知，孩子们不会轻易迷路，说明校服能告诉家长孩子在哪里，因此应用where引导宾语从句。故选B。
7.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：—我想知道玛丽和谁一起去听音乐会了。—她的表弟托尼。动词wonder后接宾语从句，从句中介词with缺少宾语，且指人。所以用连接代词whom连接。故选C。
8.答案：A
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：—初中毕业后最难忘的是什么？—我将永远记得我的朋友和老师是如何帮助我的。分析题目可知，此处是用于动词remember后的宾语从句，需用陈述语序。故选A。
9.答案：D
解析：考查表语从句。句意：北京根本不是一个从未见过历史古城的旅行者所能期待的。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，其中 who has never seen an ancient historic city before为修饰从句主语a traveler的定语从句，从句中expect 缺少宾语，且指代事物，故选择连词what。故选D。
10.答案：D
解析：考查表语从句。句意：肢体语言是一种无声的语言，有了它你与别人就能很容易地进行交流。分析句子可知，that's后是表语从句，空处在表语从句中做take的宾语，表示"……的事物"。故选D。
11.答案：B
解析：考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：他们最感兴趣的是如何生产更多更好的汽车。前空中连接代词what引导主语从句(they are most interested in)，在从句中作介词in后的宾语，表示"……的事(物)"；后空中表语从句(they can produce more and better cars)缺乏方式状语，表示"生产更多更好的汽车的方式方法"，用连接副词how。故选B项。
12.答案：D
解析：考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。分析句子结构可知，"he has been such a success"是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词reason是原因，因此第一空用关系副词why，"he never gives up"是表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此第二空用that引导表语从句，故选D。
13.答案：C
解析：考查同位语从句，时间状语从句及时态。句意：毫无疑问，当温度降低，金属缩小。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是同位语从句，引导词用that。本句描述客观事实，故用一般现在时。主语是单数名词 metal，故用动词单三contracts，表示"缩小"。根据句意"当温度降低，金属缩小"可知，此句是时间状语从句，故用引导词when，故选C项。
14.答案：B
解析：本题用固定搭配It is often the case that情况往往是这样，that引导case的同位语从句。故选：B。
15.答案：D
解析：考查同位语从句和非限制性定语从句。句意：消息传来，英国女王健康地庆祝了她的10岁生日，这并不奇怪，因为她过着轻松的生活，得到最好的医疗照顾。分析句子结构_______ the British Queen Mother celebrated her 101st birthday in good health一个同位语从句，解释说明The news，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，用that引导该从句；______ isn't surprising是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导该从句，故选D。
A
答案：was founded；The ；feeling ； connection ；that； with；recorded；closer；have come；who
解析：本文是一篇说明文，作者在文中阐述了电视剧《觉醒年代》对自己的影响。
①考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它讲述了中国共产党是如何在1921年由陈独秀那一代人成立的故事。how引导宾语从句，设空处在从句中作谓语动词，从句主语"the Communist Party of China"与found之间是被动关系，由"in 1921"可知，从句谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是"the Communist Party of China"，谓语动词用第三人称单数，因此空格处填was founded。故填was founded。
②考查冠词。句意：这个故事是如此鼓舞人心和感人，以至于我不禁感到对它充满激情。句中"______ story"指上文提到的中国共产党成立的故事，用定冠词the，设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填The。
③考查固定短语。句意：这个故事是如此鼓舞人心和感人，以至于我不禁感到对它充满激情。固定短语can't help doing sth意为"情不自禁……，忍不住……"符合句意，所以此处填feeling。故填feeling。
④考查名词。句意：在某种程度上，我真的感到与党有很深的联系。deep是形容词，修饰名词，名词connection意为"联系"符合句意，空前有a，因此空格处用单数形式。故填connection。
⑤考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，党帮助我提高了生活质量，促进了我的教育发展。句型There is no doubt that...意为"毫无疑问……"，在此句型中，that引导同位语从句 ，对doubt的内容进行说明，句中that只起连接作用，不担任任何句子成分，无词汇意义。所以此空that切合题意。故填that。
⑥考查介词。句意：我相信它会在我未来的成长过程中继续为我提供支持。固定短语provide sb. with sth.意为"提供给某人某物"符合句意。故填with。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：参观了一些记载在中国发展中的历史遗址后，我开始更接近我的国家政治认同感。句子分析可知设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰"the historical places"，"the historical places"与record之间是被动关系，因此，设空处用过去分词表被动。故填recorded。
⑧考查形容词比较级。句意：参观了一些记载在中国发展中的历史遗址后，我开始更接近我的国家政治认同感。设空处在句中作表语，由句意以及空前的"much"可知此处表示"更接近"，应填close的比较级closer。故填closer。
⑨考查时态。句意：现在我可以自豪地说，到目前为止，我已经了解了整个历史，熟悉了我们共产党几乎所有的故事。句子结构分析可知设空处在从句中作谓语动词，根据句意以及句中的"so far"可知应该用现在完成时，从句的主语是I。故填have come。
⑩考查定语从句。句意：说实话，我真的很钦佩所有的党员，他们多年来为实现祖国的伟大复兴做出了贡献。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词"all of the Party members"，填关系代词who。故填who。
B
答案：①to think②has taken③which④Fed⑤are associated⑥how⑦for⑧that⑨itself⑩underlying
解析：①考查动词不定式。句意：从作家的角度来看，很容易想到像ChatGPT这样的智能聊天机器人，自2022年11月发布以来就在网络上掀起了风暴，它要么可以极大地提高人类工人的工作效率，要么可以完全取代他们。此处为it be adj. to do sth.句型，不定式作真正主语。故填to think。
②考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从作家的角度来看，很容易想到像ChatGPT这样的智能聊天机器人，自2022年11月发布以来就在网络上掀起了风暴，它要么可以极大地提高人类工人的工作效率，要么可以完全取代他们。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据后文since its release in November2022可知用现在完成时，定语从句谓语与先行词a clever chatbot保持一致，助动词用has。故填has taken。
③考查非限制性定语从句。句意：ChatGPT顾名思义就是"生成式预训练转换器"，这是一种特殊的语言模型。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The ChatGPT，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。
④考查过去分词。句意：在大量的人工文本中，ChatGPT在这些数据中寻找统计规律，学习哪些单词和短语与其他单词和短语相关，从而预测在任何给定的句子中接下来应该出现哪些单词，以及句子如何组合。分析句子结构可知，feed与逻辑主语ChatGPT构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Fed。
⑤考查固定短语和时态。句意：在大量的人工文本中，ChatGPT在这些数据中寻找统计规律，学习哪些单词和短语与其他单词和短语相关，从而预测在任何给定的句子中接下来应该出现哪些单词，以及句子如何组合。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，表示"与......相关"可知短语为be associated with，结合上文learns可知为一般现在时，主语words and phrases是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填are associated。
⑥考查宾语从句。句意：在大量的人工文本中，ChatGPT在这些数据中寻找统计规律，学习哪些单词和短语与其他单词和短语相关，从而预测在任何给定的句子中接下来应该出现哪些单词，以及句子如何组合。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how。故填how。
⑦考查介词。句意：这种模仿能力使ChatGPT能够写文章和诗歌，想出笑话，编写代码，并回答孩子或专家的问题。结合句意表示"……的能力"短语为capacity for...，故填for。
⑧考查固定句型。句意：它的表现如此惊人，以至于在过去的几个月里，许多人既在庆祝，又在恐慌。此处为so...that...句型，表示"如此……以至于……"，that引导结果状语从句，故填that。
⑨考查反身代词。句意：该程序本身认为，它可能会取代人类从事从保险代理人到法庭记录员的工作。此处指程序"它本身"应用反身代词itself，作同位语。故填itself。
⑩考查形容词。句意：然而，任何形式的人工智能都面临着一个潜在的问题。修饰名词problem应用形容词underlying，作定语。故填underlying。
