单元十一 并列连词和状语从句（精讲案）——2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】
一、并列连词
并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词（短语）连在一起。并列连词（短语）所连接的简单句被称为分句。
用法 连词（短语） 例句
表并列、递进或顺承关系 and, both…and... neither…nor…, not only...but also..., as well as The earth is one of the sun's planets, and the moon is the earth's satellite. 地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。
表转折关系 but, yet, whereas, nevertheless What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone. 我们将要做的事完全合法，但请不要与任何人讨论这件事。
表选择关系 either…or…, not…but…, or, or else, rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。
表因果关系 for（表"由于"，一般不放在句首）, so He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 由于他的视力开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
when"就在这时，突然" sb. be about to do/ on the point of doing sth. when… 某人正要做某事，突然…… One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 周五，我们正在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。 She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她的妈妈就要求她练习弹钢琴。
sb. be doing sth. when... 某人正在做某事，突然……
sb. had done sth. when… 某人刚做完某事，突然……
and与or用于并列句 祈使句+and+陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。
祈使句+or+陈述句，or表转折
while 表对比 强调对比关系，意为"然而；而" —I wonder how much you charge for your services. 我想知道你要收多少服务费。 —The first two are free while the third costs $30. 前两次免费，但是第三次的费用是30美元。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有when, while, as, before, after, until, as soon as, since, the moment, instantly, once等。
（1）when, while, as
① when既可引导一个持续性动作，也可引导一个短暂性动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生的情况。
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。
When the film ended, the people went back.
电影一结束，看电影的人便回去了。
② when引导时间状语从句，还可意为"正在这时"， 表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。
be about to do...when... 正准备做某事，这时……
be doing...when... 正在做某事，这时……
be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事，这时……
had just done…when… 刚做完某事，这时……
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
③ while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
Please don't talk so loud while others are working.
别人工作时，别高声谈话。
④ as引导一个持续性动作，多用于主句和从句动作同时发生。
John sings as he works.
约翰一边工作，一边唱歌。
（2）as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/ scarcely...when..., immediately, directly, instantly的用法
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为"一……就……"，从句中可用一般时态代替将来时态。
The moment she arrives, we can start.
她一到，我们就可以开始。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们一到车站，火车就出发了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
男孩一看到他的母亲就哭了。
（3）till, until和 not…until的用法
① 在肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为"某动作一直延续到某点才停止"。
You may stay here till/ until the rain stops.
你得在这里待到雨停。
② 在否定句中，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为"某动作直到某时间才开始"。
He won't go to bed till/ until she returns.
直到她回来，他才睡。
③ not...until 句型中的强调和倒装说法
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.（强调句型）
=Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道这个消息。（not until置于句首，主句要倒装）
（4）before和since的用法
① 连词before表示"还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……还没……"。
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
他们（还没）到达火车站前，火车就已经开走了。
We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到一英里，他就累了。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘，把它记下来。
② before的句型：
It will be+时间段+before从句，表示"多久之后才……"。
It won't be long before从句，表示"不久之后将……"
It will be half a year before I come back.
半年后我才回来。
It won't be long before we meet again.
不久后我们将再见面。
③ since的句型：
It is/ has been+时间段+since从句。若从句谓语为非延续性动词，表示"自从……有多久"；若从句的谓语为延续性动词，表示"自从动作结束/ 完成……有多久了"， 常译为"自从不……有多久了"。
It is three years since the war broke out.
战争爆发以来，有三年了。
It is three years since he lived here.
他不在这儿住已经有三年了。
（5）every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time的用法
这些短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示"每当……；每次……；下次……"等。
Every time I meet her I always forget her name.
每次我见到她时，我总忘了她的名字。
Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来时，一定记住把你的儿子带来。
You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
你想回来随时可以回来。
2. 地点状语从句
（1）地点状语从句可用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟。（即无风不起浪。）
（2）注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句
where引导的地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。
You'd better make a mark at the place where you have some questions. （定语从句）
You'd better make a mark where you have some questions. （状语从句）
你最好在你有问题的地方做个标记。
3. 原因状语从句
（1）引导原因状语从句的连词有because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that等。
① because语气最强，表示必然的因果关系。
I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
我缺席会议了，因为我生病了。
② since语气稍弱，表示对方已知晓的原因或事实，意为"既然；由于"。
Since everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.
既然大家都到场了，我们开始开会吧。
③ as语气最弱，往往是不明显的原因，只是对结果的附带说明。
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
因为下雨了，所以我们不能去公园。
④ considering (that) ,seeing (that), now (that) 和since的意义相似，都有"鉴于某个事实"的意思，that可以省去。
Considering (that) everybody is here, let's begin our discussion.
鉴于大家都到场了，我们开始讨论吧。
Now (that) you have grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
鉴于你已经长大成人，你不应该依赖你父母了。
（2）其他表示原因的方式
除了状语从句外，一些介词短语同样可以表示原因，这样的短语有：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to等。
Because of the weather, we had to put off the sports meeting.
由于天气原因，我们不得不推迟运动会。
4. 目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest等。
（1）in order that与so that
两个连词都意为"以便……，为了……"， 引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
我会说慢点儿以便你能理解我。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们很早就出发去山顶了。
（2）for fear that与in case
这些从属连词本身带有否定意义，意为"以免，以防，以防万一"， 相当于so that…not…, 或in order that…not…；谓语动词有时也用"should/ might/ could+动词原形"。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/ for fear that his father should see him.
男孩躲在树后以免他的父亲看到他。
Take your raincoat in case/ for fear that it should rain.
带上雨衣，以防下雨。
5. 结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的词主要有 so, so…that…, such…that… , so that等。
（1）so…that…
常用句型有：
so+形容词+ that…；
so+副词+that…；
so many/ few/ much/ little十名词＋that…；
so+形容词+a/ an+可数名词单数+that …
The text was so boring that I gave up reading it half way through.
这个剧本真枯燥，我读到一半便放弃了。
He got so little money that his family had to live on welfare money.
他的工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。
He is so clever a boy that we all like him.
他是一个如此聪明的男孩，我们都喜欢他。
He ran so fast that I fell behind.
他跑得如此快，以至于我落在后面。
（2）such…that…
常用句型有：
such +a/ an+形容词+可数名词单数+that…；
such+形容词+可数名词复数+that…；
such+形容词+不可数名词+that…
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。
They are such good children that we all love them.
他们是些乖孩子，我们都喜欢他们。
It is such an interesting story that it attracts a lot of children.
这是如此有趣的故事，以至于吸引了许多孩子。
（3）so that
We moved to the country so that we were away from the noisy and dull city.
我们搬到了乡下，从而远离了吵闹、单调的城市。
I shouted loudly so that my son could hear my voice.
我大声喊为的是让儿子能听见我的声音。
注意：
（1）为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是如此聪明的一个学生，以至于能解出所有难题。
（2）当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/ such…as to…
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.
（3）除结果状语从句外，too… to…（太……而不能……），enough to…（达到某种程度可以……）等结构同样可以表示结果。
He didn't get up early enough to catch the bus.
= He got up too late to catch the bus.
他起床太晚了，没能赶上那班公交车。
6. 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if（假设；如果），unless（=if…not 除非），so/ as long as（只要），in case（如果），on condition that（条件是），suppose/ supposing (that)（假设），providing/ provided that（如果）等。
You'll fail the exam unless you study hard (=if you don't study hard).
如果你不努力学习，你考试就会不及格。
As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.
只要不灰心，你就会成功。
Suppose/ Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help
如果他们拒绝我们，那么我们还可以向谁求助呢？
In case there is a fire, what will you do first
如果发生火灾，你们首先要做什么呢？
注意：
① 如果only if引导的条件状语从句位于主句之前，主句用部分倒装；如果only if引导的条件状语从句位于主句之后，主句要用正常语序。
② 当主句的时态是一般将来时，条件状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.
除非下雨，否则明天我就去那儿。
7. 方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if, as though 等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中 as if 或as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况与事实相符，一般不用虚拟语气。
Do as you are told, or you'll be fired.
按照要求做，否则你将被开除。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那个老太太对待那个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。
I feel as if I have a fever.
我感觉我好像发烧了。
8. 让步状语从句
（1）让步状语从句的引导词
引导让步状语从句主要由 although, though, as, even if, even though, while, no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever等引导。
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
We won't be discouraged even if/ though we fail again.
即使再次失败，我们也不会泄气。
While I am willing to help you, I do not have enough time.
尽管我愿意帮你，可是我没有足够的时间。
The day will come no matter how long the night is.
不管黑夜有多长，白天终会到来。
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
不管发生什么，他都不在意。
（2）as 引导的让步状语从句
as引导让步状语从句时，从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词等需提前到从句句首，而且表语若是单数可数名词还要去掉冠词。though 引导的让步状语从句也可这样用，但 although不可以。
Intelligent as/ though she was, she had not much insight.
虽然她聪明，但不是很有洞察力。
He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried.
虽然他努力了，但未能取得很大的进步。
Teacher as/ though he is, he doesn't know everything.
虽然他是老师，但也不是无所不知，
Fail as/ though I did, I would never give up.
尽管我失败了，但我不放弃。
（3）"no matter+疑问词"与疑问词-ever的区别
引导让步状语从句时，"no matter+疑问词"可以替换为疑问词-ever，但不是所有的疑问词-ever都可以替换为"no matter+疑问词"，因为疑问词-ever还可以引导名词性从句，"no matter+疑问词"则不可。
However/ No matter how late he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈总是等着他一起吃饭。
No matter what/ Whatever you say, I will not believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。
Whoever wants to go can write your name down here.
任何想去的人都可以把名字写在这里。
（whoever引导主语从句，不可替换成 no matter who）
注意：
（1）although与 though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still 或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
Although/ Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨正下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。
（2）though还可用作副词，意为"可是，然而"， 置于句末。
He said he would come; he didn't, though.
他说他会来，可是没有来。
（3）when，while 也可作从属连词，表让步，while常用在句首，when常用在句中，相当于 although。
Suddenly, she stopped when she ought to have continued.
尽管她应该继续下去，她却突然停住了。
While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
（4）though引导让步状语从句时，还可使用倒装形式，和as的用法一致。
Old as/ though he is, he works very hard. (=Although he is old, he works very hard.)
虽然他年纪大了，但工作非常努力。
9. 比较状语从句
（1）原级比较的用法
① 原级比较的肯定式常用as…as…结构。
There are as many people in our town as (there are) in your town.
我们镇的人口和你们镇的人口一样多。
② 原级比较的否定式常用not as/ so...as...结构。
His handwriting is not as/ so good as yours (is).
他的书法不如你的好。
（2）比较级比较
① 比较级比较常用结构为…than…。
He was more successful than we had expected.
他比我们预想的要成功得多。
He comes to the club less often than he used to.
他来俱乐部不如原来来得频繁。
② 另一种常用结构为"the+比较级…，the+比较级…"。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越小心，出的错就越少。
The sooner you are back, the better it will be.
你回来得越早越好。
1. This cap is nice, ______it doesn't look good on me.
A. for B. so C. but D. or
2. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ______I have seen yesterday and I love today.
A. so B. and C. for D. but
3. The dog may be a good companion for the old. ______, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.
A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Instead
4. Emily, you are playing video games again！Study hard, ______you will fail in the coming exam.
A. then B. so C. and D. or
5. If you are travelling ________ the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.
A. which B. in which C. where D. in the place
6. He came in quietly _____he wouldn't wake his wife up.
A. so that B. so as to C. so on D. so long as
7. Little Mary says good night to her parents _____she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
8. We were not good friends _____we saw each other, but gradually, we got along better and better.
A. until B. when C. if D. since
9. Located _____the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. why B. when C. which D. where
10. _____ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
11. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _____ he wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
12. What a table！I've never seen such a thing before. It is _____ it is long.
A. not half as wide as B. half not as wide as
C. wide not as half D. as wide as not half
13. _____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
A. Because B. Since C. Where D. Once
14. Pahlsson screamed _____ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
A. so B. such C. how D. why
15. _____there is a will, there is a way.
A. How B. When C. What D. Where
答案以及解析
1.答案：C
解析：考查并列连词。句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。根据句意可知，前后是转折的关系，for为了，因为；so因此；but但是；or或者，否则。故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经经历了昨天并且深爱着今天。so表结果；and表并列关系；for 补充说明原因；but表转折。故选C。
3.答案：B
解析：考查并列连词。句意：狗也许是老年人的好伙伴。然而需要带着狗去散步时也许有不便。前一句话有good,后面一句话有disadvantage,前后两句话有转折关系，所以选择however。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：考查并列连词。句意：艾米丽，你又在玩电子游戏了！努力学习吧，否则你在接下来的考试中会不及格的。本句是"祈使句+or+陈述句"固定句型，意为"否则，要不然"。then然后，表顺承；so所以，表结果；and和，表并列；or否则，表转折。故选D。
5.答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果你去一个风俗习惯和自己国家完全不同的地方，你会感受到很大的文化冲击。此处引导地点状语从句，表示"……的地方"应用where。故选C。
6.答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：他悄悄地进来，以免吵醒妻子。A.so that为的是；B.so as to为了；C.so on等等；D.so long as只要。由语意可知，为了不吵醒妻子，他悄悄地走进来，且空处后是个完整的句子，应用连词引导让步状语从句，so as to虽然也表目的，但后跟动词原形，故此处应用 so that来连接前后分句。故选A。
7.答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：小玛丽每天睡觉前都会跟父母说晚安。 if 如果；until 直到……时候；before 在……之前；unless 除非。根据句中"says good night to her parents"和"she goes to bed"可知，此处是"睡觉之前向父母说晚安"。故选C。
8.答案：B
解析：考查状语从句。句意：当我们互相见到对方时，我们不是好朋友，但是渐渐地，我们相处得越来越好。until直到……时候，if如果，since 自从，从 we saw each other可知，应是当我们见到对方时，故用when。故选B。
9.答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对"一带一路"的建设做出更大的贡献。be located in +地点名词表示"位于/坐落某地"，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place。故选D。
10.答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意；尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。A. Once一旦；B. If 如果；C. Although尽管；D. Because因为。根据语境可知，前后之间是让步关系。故选C。
11.答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。A. since 既然；B. once一旦；C. unless 除非；D. after在……之后。故选C。
12.答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：好奇怪的一张桌子。我以前从没有看过这样的东西。它的宽还不及长的一半。此处考查比较句型"倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+比较对象"，它的否定形式是在倍数前面加not，符合该结构的是not half as wide as。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：农田一旦被损坏，要花许多年时间才能恢复。A. Because因为；B. Since自从，既然，由于；C. Where在……地方；D. Once一旦。引导时间状语从句，符合句意。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：Pahlsson 如此大声地尖叫以至于她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。so that意为"如此……以至于……",so后跟形容词副词,such...that 如此……以至于，such修饰名词。故选A。
15.答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：有志者，事竟成。此处there is a way为主句，where 引导地点状语从句。故选D。(共84张PPT)
单元十一
并列连词和状语从句
知识精讲
一、并列连词
并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词（短语）连在一起。并列连词（短语）所连接的简单句被称为分句。
用法 连词（短语） 例句
表并列、递进或顺承关系 and, both…and..., neither… nor…, not only...but also..., as well as The earth is one of the sun's planets, and the moon is the earth's satellite.
地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。
表转折关系 but, yet, whereas, nevertheless What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone.
我们将要做的事完全合法，但请不要与任何人讨论这件事。
表选择关系 either…or…, not…but…, or, or else, rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.
现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。
表因果关系 for（表“由于”，一般不放在句首）, so He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
由于他的视力开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
when“就在这时，突然” sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when… 某人正要做某事，突然…… One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
周五，我们正在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。
She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她的妈妈就要求她练习弹钢琴。
sb. be doing sth. when... 某人正在做某事，突然…… sb. had done sth. when… 某人刚做完某事，突然…… and与or用于并列句 祈使句+and+陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。
祈使句+or+陈述句，or表转折 while 表对比 强调对比关系，意为“然而；而” —I wonder how much you charge for your services.我想知道你要收多少服务费。
—The first two are free while the third costs $30.
前两次免费，但是第三次的费用是30美元。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有when, while, as, before, after, until, as soon as, since, the moment, instantly, once等。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（1）when, while, as
① when既可引导一个持续性动作，也可引导一个短暂性动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生的情况。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（1）when, while, as
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。
When the film ended, the people went back.
电影一结束，看电影的人便回去了。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（1）when, while, as
② when引导时间状语从句，还可意为“正在这时”， 表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（1）when, while, as
be about to do...when... 正准备做某事，这时……
be doing...when... 正在做某事，这时……
be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事，这时……
had just done…when… 刚做完某事，这时……
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（1）when, while, as
③ while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
Please don't talk so loud while others are working.
别人工作时，别高声谈话。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（1）when, while, as
④ as引导一个持续性动作，多用于主句和从句动作同时发生。
John sings as he works.
约翰一边工作，一边唱歌。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（2）as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/ scarcely...when..., immediately, directly, instantly的用法
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中可用一般时态代替将来时态。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
The moment she arrives, we can start.
她一到，我们就可以开始。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们一到车站，火车就出发了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
男孩一看到他的母亲就哭了。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
① 在肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某点才停止”。
You may stay here till/ until the rain stops.
你得在这里待到雨停。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
② 在否定句中，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。
He won't go to bed till/ until she returns.
直到她回来，他才睡。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
③ not...until 句型中的强调和倒装说法
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.（强调句型）
=Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.
直到你告诉我，我才知道这个消息。（not until置于句首，主句要倒装）
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（4）before和since的用法
① 连词before表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……还没……”。
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
他们（还没）到达火车站前，火车就已经开走了。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（4）before和since的用法
① 连词before表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……还没……”。
We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.
我们跑了还不到一英里，他就累了。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘，把它记下来。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（4）before和since的用法
② before的句型：
It will be+时间段+before从句，表示“多久之后才……”。
It won't be long before从句，表示“不久之后将……”
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（4）before和since的用法
② before的句型：
It will be half a year before I come back.
半年后我才回来。
It won't be long before we meet again.
不久后我们将再见面。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（4）before和since的用法
③ since的句型：
It is/ has been+时间段+since从句。若从句谓语为非延续性动词，表示“自从……有多久”；若从句的谓语为延续性动词，表示“自从动作结束/完成……有多久了”， 常译为“自从不……有多久了”。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（4）before和since的用法
③ since 的句型：
It is three years since the war broke out.
战争爆发以来，有三年了。
It is three years since he lived here.
他不在这儿住已经有三年了。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（5）every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time的用法
这些短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。
Every time I meet her I always forget her name.
每次我见到她时，我总忘了她的名字。
二、状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
（5）every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time的用法
这些短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。
Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来时，一定记住把你的儿子带来。
You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
你想回来随时可以回来。
二、状语从句
2. 地点状语从句
（1）地点状语从句可用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
二、状语从句
2. 地点状语从句
（1）地点状语从句可用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟。（即无风不起浪。）
二、状语从句
2. 地点状语从句
（2）注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句
where引导的地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中 where 作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。
二、状语从句
2. 地点状语从句
You'd better make a mark at the place where you have some questions. （定语从句）
You'd better make a mark where you have some questions. （状语从句）
你最好在你有问题的地方做个标记。
二、状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
（1）引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that等。
① because语气最强，表示必然的因果关系。
I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
我缺席会议了，因为我生病了。
二、状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
（1）引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that等。
② since语气稍弱，表示对方已知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；由于”。
Since everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.
既然大家都到场了，我们开始开会吧。
二、状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
（1）引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that等。
③ as语气最弱，往往是不明显的原因，只是对结果的附带说明。
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
因为下雨了，所以我们不能去公园。
二、状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
（1）引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that等。
④ considering (that) ,seeing (that), now (that) 和since的意义相似，都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。
二、状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
Considering (that) everybody is here, let's begin our discussion.
鉴于大家都到场了，我们开始讨论吧。
Now (that) you have grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
鉴于你已经长大成人，你不应该依赖你父母了。
二、状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
（2）其他表示原因的方式
除了状语从句外，一些介词短语同样可以表示原因，这样的短语有：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to等。
Because of the weather, we had to put off the sports meeting.
由于天气原因，我们不得不推迟运动会。
二、状语从句
4. 目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest等。
（1）in order that与so that
两个连词都意为“以便……，为了……”， 引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that 比 so that 正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that 引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
二、状语从句
4. 目的状语从句
（1）in order that与so that
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
我会说慢点儿以便你能理解我。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们很早就出发去山顶了。
二、状语从句
4. 目的状语从句
（2）for fear that与in case
这些从属连词本身带有否定意义，意为“以免，以防，以防万一”， 相当于 so that…not…, 或in order that…not…；谓语动词有时也用“should/ might/ could+动词原形”。
二、状语从句
4. 目的状语从句
（2）for fear that与in case
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/ for fear that his father should see him.
男孩躲在树后以免他的父亲看到他。
Take your raincoat in case/ for fear that it should rain.
带上雨衣，以防下雨。
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的词主要有 so, so…that…, such…that… , so that等。
（1）so…that…
常用句型有：
so+形容词+ that…；
so+副词+that…；
so many/ few/ much/ little十名词＋that…；
so+形容词+a/ an+可数名词单数+that …
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
（1）so…that…
The text was so boring that I gave up reading it half way through.
这个剧本真枯燥，我读到一半便放弃了。
He got so little money that his family had to live on welfare money.
他的工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
（1）so…that…
He is so clever a boy that we all like him.
他是一个如此聪明的男孩，我们都喜欢他。
He ran so fast that I fell behind.
他跑得如此快，以至于我落在后面。
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
（2）such…that…
常用句型有：
such +a/ an+形容词+可数名词单数+that…；
such+形容词+可数名词复数+that…；
such+形容词+不可数名词+that…
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
（2）such…that…
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。
They are such good children that we all love them.
他们是些乖孩子，我们都喜欢他们。
It is such an interesting story that it attracts a lot of children.
这是如此有趣的故事，以至于吸引了许多孩子。
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
（3）so that
We moved to the country so that we were away from the noisy and dull city.
我们搬到了乡下，从而远离了吵闹、单调的城市。
I shouted loudly so that my son could hear my voice.
我大声喊为的是让儿子能听见我的声音。
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
注意：
（1）为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是如此聪明的一个学生，以至于能解出所有难题。
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
注意：
（2）当so 或such 所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/ such…as to…
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.
二、状语从句
5. 结果状语从句
注意：
（3）除结果状语从句外，too… to…（太……而不能……），enough to…（达到某种程度可以……）等结构同样可以表示结果。
He didn't get up early enough to catch the bus.
= He got up too late to catch the bus.
他起床太晚了，没能赶上那班公交车。
二、状语从句
6. 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if（假设；如果），unless（=if…not 除非），so/ as long as（只要），in case（如果），on condition that（条件是），suppose/ supposing (that)（假设），providing/ provided that（如果）等。
You'll fail the exam unless you study hard (=if you don't study hard).
如果你不努力学习，你考试就会不及格。
二、状语从句
6. 条件状语从句
As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.
只要不灰心，你就会成功。
Suppose/ Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help
如果他们拒绝我们，那么我们还可以向谁求助呢？
In case there is a fire, what will you do first
如果发生火灾，你们首先要做什么呢？
二、状语从句
6. 条件状语从句
注意：① 如果only if引导的条件状语从句位于主句之前，主句用部分倒装；如果 only if 引导的条件状语从句位于主句之后，主句要用正常语序。
② 当主句的时态是一般将来时，条件状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.
除非下雨，否则明天我就去那儿。
二、状语从句
7. 方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if, as though 等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中 as if 或as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况与事实相符，一般不用虚拟语气。
二、状语从句
7. 方式状语从句
Do as you are told, or you'll be fired.
按照要求做，否则你将被开除。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那个老太太对待那个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。
I feel as if I have a fever.
我感觉我好像发烧了。
二、状语从句
8. 让步状语从句
（1）让步状语从句的引导词
引导让步状语从句主要由 although, though, as, even if, even though, while, no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever等引导。
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
二、状语从句
8. 让步状语从句
We won't be discouraged even if/ though we fail again.
即使再次失败，我们也不会泄气。
While I am willing to help you, I do not have enough time.
尽管我愿意帮你，可是我没有足够的时间。
The day will come no matter how long the night is.
不管黑夜有多长，白天终会到来。
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
不管发生什么，他都不在意。
二、状语从句
（2）as 引导的让步状语从句
as引导让步状语从句时，从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词等需提前到从句句首，而且表语若是单数可数名词还要去掉冠词。though 引导的让步状语从句也可这样用，但 although不可以。
Intelligent as/ though she was, she had not much insight.
虽然她聪明，但不是很有洞察力。
二、状语从句
（2）as 引导的让步状语从句
He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried.
虽然他努力了，但未能取得很大的进步。
Teacher as/ though he is, he doesn't know everything.
虽然他是老师，但也不是无所不知，
Fail as/ though I did, I would never give up.
尽管我失败了，但我不放弃。
二、状语从句
（3）“no matter+疑问词”与疑问词-ever的区别
引导让步状语从句时，“no matter+疑问词”可以替换为疑问词－ever，但不是所有的疑问词-ever都可以替换为“no matter+疑问词”，因为疑问词-ever还可以引导名词性从句，“no matter+疑问词”则不可。
二、状语从句
No matter what/ Whatever you say, I will not believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。
Whoever wants to go can write your name down here.
任何想去的人都可以把名字写在这里。
（whoever引导主语从句，不可替换成 no matter who）
二、状语从句
注意：
（1）although与 though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still 或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
Although/ Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨正下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。
二、状语从句
注意：
（2）though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”， 置于句末。
He said he would come; he didn't, though.
他说他会来，可是没有来。
二、状语从句
注意：
（3）when，while 也可作从属连词，表让步，while常用在句首，when常用在句中，相当于 although。
Suddenly, she stopped when she ought to have continued.
尽管她应该继续下去，她却突然停住了。
While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
二、状语从句
注意：
（4）though引导让步状语从句时，还可使用倒装形式，和as的用法一致。
Old as/ though he is, he works very hard. (=Although he is old, he works very hard.)
虽然他年纪大了，但工作非常努力。
二、状语从句
9. 比较状语从句
（1）原级比较的用法
① 原级比较的肯定式常用as…as…结构。
There are as many people in our town as (there are) in your town.
我们镇的人口和你们镇的人口一样多。
二、状语从句
9. 比较状语从句
（1）原级比较的用法
② 原级比较的否定式常用not as/ so...as...结构。
His handwriting is not as/ so good as yours(is).
他的书法不如你的好。
二、状语从句
9. 比较状语从句
（2）比较级比较
① 比较级比较常用结构为…than…。
He was more successful than we had expected.
他比我们预想的要成功得多。
He comes to the club less often than he used to.
他来俱乐部不如原来来得频繁。
二、状语从句
9. 比较状语从句
（2）比较级比较
② 另一种常用结构为“the+比较级…，the+比较级…”。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越小心，出的错就越少。
The sooner you are back, the better it will be.
你回来得越早越好。
典例剖析
1. This cap is nice, ______it doesn't look good on me.
A. for B. so C. but D. or
答案：C
解析：考查并列连词。句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。根据句意可知，前后是转折的关系，for为了，因为；so因此；but但是；or或者，否则。故选C。
2. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ______I have seen yesterday and I love today.
A. so B. and C. for D. but
答案：C
解析：考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经经历了昨天并且深爱着今天。so表结果；and表并列关系；for 补充说明原因；but表转折。故选C。
3. The dog may be a good companion for the old. ______, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.
Besides B. However
C. Therefore D. Instead
答案：B
解析：考查并列连词。句意：狗也许是老年人的好伙伴。然而需要带着狗去散步时也许有不便。前一句话有good,后面一句话有disadvantage,前后两句话有转折关系，所以选择however。故选B。
4. Emily, you are playing video games again！Study hard, ______you will fail in the coming exam.
A. then B. so C. and D. or
答案：D
解析：考查并列连词。句意：艾米丽，你又在玩电子游戏了！努力学习吧，否则你在接下来的考试中会不及格的。本句是"祈使句+or+陈述句"固定句型，意为"否则，要不然"。then然后，表顺承；so所以，表结果；and和，表并列；or否则，表转折。故选D。
5. If you are travelling ________ the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.
which B. in which
C. where D. in the place
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果你去一个风俗习惯和自己国家完全不同的地方，你会感受到很大的文化冲击。此处引导地点状语从句，表示"……的地方"应用where。故选C。
6. He came in quietly _____he wouldn't wake his wife up.
A. so that B. so as to C. so on D. so long as
答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：他悄悄地进来，以免吵醒妻子。A.so that为的是；B.so as to为了；C.so on等等；D.so long as只要。由语意可知，为了不吵醒妻子，他悄悄地走进来，且空处后是个完整的句子，应用连词引导让步状语从句，so as to虽然也表目的，但后跟动词原形，故此处应用 so that来连接前后分句。故选A。
7. Little Mary says good night to her parents _____she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：小玛丽每天睡觉前都会跟父母说晚安。 if 如果；until 直到……时候；before 在……之前；unless 除非。根据句中"says good night to her parents"和"she goes to bed"可知，此处是"睡觉之前向父母说晚安"。故选C。
8. We were not good friends _____we saw each other, but gradually, we got along better and better.
A. until B. when C. if D. since
答案：B
解析：考查状语从句。句意：当我们互相见到对方时，我们不是好朋友，但是渐渐地，我们相处得越来越好。until直到……时候，if如果，since 自从，从 we saw each other可知，应是当我们见到对方时，故用when。故选B。
9. Located _____the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A. why B. when C. which D. where
答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对"一带一路"的建设做出更大的贡献。be located in +地点名词表示"位于/坐落某地"，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place。故选D。
10. _____ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意；尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。A. Once一旦；B. If 如果；C. Although尽管；D. Because因为。根据语境可知，前后之间是让步关系。故选C。
11. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _____ he wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。A. since 既然；B. once一旦；C. unless 除非；D. after在……之后。故选C。
12. What a table！I've never seen such a thing before. It is _____ it is long.
A. not half as wide as B. half not as wide as
C. wide not as half D. as wide as not half
答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：好奇怪的一张桌子。我以前从没有看过这样的东西。它的宽还不及长的一半。此处考查比较句型"倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+比较对象"，它的否定形式是在倍数前面加not，符合该结构的是not half as wide as。故选A。
13. _____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
A. Because B. Since C. Where D. Once
答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：农田一旦被损坏，要花许多年时间才能恢复。A. Because因为；B. Since自从，既然，由于；C. Where在……地方；D. Once一旦。引导时间状语从句，符合句意。故选D。
14. Pahlsson screamed _____ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
A. so B. such C. how D. why
答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：Pahlsson 如此大声地尖叫以至于她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。so that意为"如此……以至于……",so后跟形容词副词,such...that 如此……以至于，such修饰名词。故选A。
15. _____there is a will, there is a way.
A. How B. When C. What D. Where
答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：有志者，事竟成。此处there is a way为主句，where 引导地点状语从句。故选D。单元十一 并列连词和状语从句（精准训练）——2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】
1. ______I am at home, my mother keeps pressing me to study all the time.
A. Because B. When C. Though D. Until
2. The new machine, according to the report, will work twice as fast, ______ greatly reducing costs.
A. so B. even C. yet D. thus
3. Describe your problems clearly, ______ other people can understand them easily.
A. so B. but C. or D. for
4. This is true ______ how healthy the rest of their diet might be.
A. prior to B. sort of C. contrary to D. regardless of
5. New staff, ________ they are skilled, will attain more opportunities for further development.
A. though B. since C. once D. unless
6. Vivian will take her daughter to the amusement park _____she gets the tickets.
A. if B. until C. although D. unless
7. Many teenagers feel lonely, _____ no one understands them and the changes they are going through.
A. so that B. in case C. even if D. as if
8. _____ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
A. Although B. While C. If D. Until
9. It is widely believed that human beings are superior to animals _____they can use language as a tool to communicate.
A. provided that B. in that C. except that D. for fear that
10. _____gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
A. Although B. Once C. Since D. Unless
11. No matter how frequently ________ in the Louvre in Paris, the masterpieces of Pablo Picasso always attract a large number of audience.
A. display B. displayed C. displays D. are displayed
12. Every evening after dinner, if not ______ in reading books, she can be found _____ on the sofa watching TV.
A. absorbed; seating B. absorbing; sat
C. absorbed; seated D. absorbing; sitting
13. There is no doubt __________the temperature goes down, metal ____________.
A. that...contacts B. whether...contrasts
C. that when...contracts D. when...contracts
14. Though _________ in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.
A. raised B. grown C. developed D. cultivated
15. —Why do people like classic music I don't like it at all.
—________it is not your style, that doesn't mean it is bad.
A. Even though B. Only if C. Now that D. In case
A
While mothers in most families decide what the family has to eat, fathers' words are often seen as more important when it comes ①_____ major family issues, such as investment. All these details are sending ②_____ signal: Men are still in a dominant position in society, according to the ninth Global Gender Gap Report.
The report, ③_____(release) by the nonprofit organization the World Economic Forum on Oct 28th, found that although the gender gap ④_____(narrow) in the past years, men still get more opportunities in education, the economic and political worlds, and even healthcare.
It tracked the gender gaps in 1142 countries and found that in most cases, boys get more chances to go to school than girls. When they grow up, women are more ⑤_____(like) to be full- time moms with no pay and have less say in family decisions.
⑥_____ men dominate the adult world, many countries have witnessed a turning point in boys—they are losing ⑦_____(they) edge. In 2010, about 64 percent of outstanding high school students in the US were girls. About 45 developing ⑧_____(country) have more girls attending middle school than boys. Especially in China, female students account for 51.35 percent of the students in higher educational institutions.
US author Richard Whitmire once wrote that boys are more ⑨_____(easy) distracted by video games and have fewer male teachers ⑩_____(follow) at school.
B
Jingxi Taiping Drum is a traditional form of dancing. With its display of profound cultural elements, it ①_____(include) in the first batch(批次) of China's national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) items in 2006.
The ②_____(early) historical references of this art date back to the Spring and Autumn Period. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it started to gain ③_____(popular) in and around the capital, and then it was introduced to Mentougou District of Beijing.
In ancient times, the drums were played ④_____ New Year's Eve at the imperial palace to bring peace. As a result, the performance also became known as the "New Year Drum" by Beijingers. This type of drum dance is commonly seen ⑤_____(perform) during the last and first month of the lunar year in many local festive activities, thus expressing ⑥_____(people) hope of a peaceful and prosperous year to come.
During a given performance, drummers perform various dance moves while ⑦_____(hold) the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands. Traditional Chinese aesthetic(美学的) concepts are reflected in the drum playing, all of ⑧_____ represent distinctive local features.
In the past decades, efforts ⑨_____(make) by Mentougou District to preserve this signature folk dance culture. Today, the time-honored folk art of the Jingxi Taiping Drum is being taken up by the young people ⑩_____ is presenting its lively artistic charm(魅力) on a global stage.
答案以及解析
1.答案：B
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我在家的时候,我的妈妈一直强迫我学习。A. Because因为； B. When ……的时候； C. Though虽然； D. Until直到。由"my mother keeps pressing me to study"可知，句子表示"当我在家的时候，我的妈妈一直强迫我学习"，空格处是"……的时候"，引导时间状语从句，故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：考查词语辨析。句意：据介绍，这台新机器的工作速度将是原来的两倍，从而大大降低了成本。A. so因此；B. even甚至；C. yet但是，然而；D. thus因此，从而。根据前后两句的内容可知，前面的新机器工作效率是以前的两倍，导致后面的结果，so和thus都有"因此"之意，但so是连词，后面跟句子，而thus是副词，后可以跟动词-ing形式。本句空格后是动词的-ing形式作结果状语，因此要用thus。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：句意：清楚地描述你的问题，以便其他人能够容易地理解。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. for为了。根据句意可知后半句表示结果，用so。故选：A。
4.答案：D
解析：考查固定短语。句意：无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。A. prior to在……之前；B. sort of 有点：C. contrary to与……相反：D. regardless of 不管。根据句意，regardless of可作让步状语。故选D。
5.答案：C
解析：本题主要考查连词。A项，though"虽然"。B项，since"因为；自从"。C项，once"一旦"。D项，unless"除非"。根据该句中的 will get more opportunities for personal development可知，新的雇员，一旦(once)他们有了娴熟的技能，就会得到更多有助于他们个人发展的机会。故正确答案为C。
6.答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果薇薇安买到票，她将带女儿去游乐园。if 如果，until直到……为止，although虽然，尽管，即使；unless除非。根据句意可知，此处用连词if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
7.答案：D
解析：考查状语从句。句意：很多青少年感到孤独，好像没人能够理解他们和他们正在经历的变化。A.so that 以便，因此；B.in case 以防；C. even if尽管；D.as if好像。根据no one understands them可知，此处用"好像"引导方式状语从句符合语境。故选D。
8.答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。although尽管；while 当……时候，尽管，然而；if 如果；until 直到……时候。故选C。
9.答案：B
解析：考查状语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，人类比动物优越，因为他们可以用语言作为交流的工具。A. provided that假如；B.in that因为；C. except that除了；D. for fear that 生怕。分析句子可知，句子为原因状语从句，"in that"意为"因为"，用来引导从句，符合语境。故选B。
10.答案：A
解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作，但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲，它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管；B. Once一……就……；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。由语意可知，"园艺是项艰难的体力工作"与"对于热爱园艺的人而言，园艺工作是脑力上的放松"之间是让步关系，所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。
11.答案：B
解析：考查让步状语从句的省略。句意：无论巴勃罗·毕加索的杰作在巴黎卢浮宫多么频繁地展出，它们总能吸引大批观众。A. display展示；B. displayed展示；C. displays展示；D. are displayed被展示，在让步，时间等状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句中谓语含be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be省略，即从句原句为：No matter how frequently (the masterpieces of Pablo Picasso are) displayed in the Louvre in Paris可知，此处省略从句的主语和be动词，用过去分词表被动。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：If引导条件状语从句，如果主从主语一直，并从句中谓语动词有be动词时，可省略if从句中的be动词和主语。sb be absorbed in doing sth，某人全神贯注地做某事。第二空seat是及物动词，构成seat sb结构，现在sb前置了，故用被动形式。故选C。
13.答案：C
解析：考查同位语从句，时间状语从句及时态。句意：毫无疑问，当温度降低，金属缩小。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是同位语从句，引导词用that。本句描述客观事实，故用一般现在时。主语是单数名词 metal，故用动词单三contracts，表示"缩小"。根据句意"当温度降低，金属缩小"可知，此句是时间状语从句，故用引导词when，故选C项。
14.答案：A
解析： though引导的让步状语从句是个省略句。完整的形式为：Though he was raised in San Francisco， raise 意为"养育"，故选A。
15.答案：A
解析：考查状语从句。句意：——为什么人们都喜欢流行音乐呢？我非常讨厌它。——尽管它不是你所喜欢的风格，但那并不意味着它就很差。根据句意可知，应该选A项，Even though在此引导让步状语从句。
A
答案：①to②a③released④has (been) narrowed⑤likely⑥While/Though/Although⑦their⑧countries⑨easily⑩to follow
解析：①考查介词。句意：虽然大多数家庭的母亲决定家庭吃什么，但当涉及到投资等重大家庭问题时，父亲的话往往被视为更重要。when it comes to"当谈到……"是固定用法。故填to。
②考查不定冠词。句意：所有这些细节都在发出一个信号：根据第九次《全球性别差距报告》，男性在社会中仍然处于主导地位。分析句子可知，此处泛指"一个信号"，所以用不定冠词，signal的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
③考查过去分词。句意：这份由非营利组织世界经济论坛于10月28日发布的报告发现，尽管过去几年性别差距有所缩小，但男性在教育、经济和政治领域，甚至医疗保健领域仍有更多机会。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词found，所以横线处的动词作非谓语，主语report与动词release构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填released。
④考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这份由非营利组织世界经济论坛于10月28日发布的报告发现，尽管过去几年性别差距有所缩小，但男性在教育、经济和政治领域，甚至医疗保健领域仍有更多机会。分析句子可知，横线处事本句的谓语动词。根据时间状语in the past years可知，本句用现在完成时。narrow既可作及物动词，表示"使窄小"，又可作不及物动词，表示"变窄；缩小"，所以此处既可用主动语态也可用被动语态。主语the gender gap是单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been narrowed/has narrowed。
⑤考查形容词。句意：长大后，女性更有可能成为全职妈妈，没有薪水，在家庭决策中的发言权也更少。分析句子可知，横线处应用形容词作表语。be likely to do"有可能做某事"是固定用法。故填likely。
⑥考查状语从句。句意：虽然男性主宰着成人世界，但许多国家都见证了男孩的转折点—他们正在失去优势。分析句子可知，横线处引导状语从句，表示"虽然，尽管"用引导让步状语从句的连词while/though/although。置于句首，首字母要大写。故填While/Though/Although。
⑦考查形容词性物主代词。句意：虽然男性主宰着成人世界，但许多国家都见证了男孩的转折点—他们正在失去优势。分析句子可知，横线处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词edge"优势"。故填their。
⑧考查可数名词复数。句意：大约有45个发展中国家的女孩上中学的人数多于男孩。根据45可知，横线处用可数名词复数。故填countries。
⑨考查副词。句意：美国作家Richard Whitmire曾写道，男孩更容易被电子游戏分散注意力，在学校可以跟随的男老师更少。分析句子可知，横线处用副词作状语修饰动词distracted。故填easily。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意：美国作家Richard Whitmire曾写道，男孩更容易被电子游戏分散注意力，在学校可以跟随的男老师更少。。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语，所以横线处的动词作非谓语，have sb./sth.to do"有……要做"是固定结构，其中动词不定式的主动形式to do表示被动含义。故填to follow。
B
答案：①was included②earliest③popularity④on⑤performed⑥people's⑦holding⑧which⑨have been made⑩and
解析：①考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它展现了深厚的文化元素，于2006年被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。分析句子可知，include(把……列为一部分)是句中谓语动词，与主语it之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in 2006可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是第三人称单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was included。
②考查形容词最高级。句意：这种艺术最早的历史记载可以追溯到春秋时期。句中表示"最早的历史记载"，结合空格前定冠词the可知，应用形容词最高级形式earliest作定语，修饰名词historical references。故填earliest。
③考查名词。句意：清初，它开始在京城内外流行，后来传入北京门头沟区。分析句子可知，提示词和宾语，应用名词形式popularity，意为"流行，普及"，抽象名词不可数。故填popularity。
④考查介词。句意：在古代，人们在除夕之夜在皇宫里敲鼓，以带来和平。New Year's Eve是"除夕"，是在具体的某一天前用介词on。故填on。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：这种类型的鼓舞通常在农历年的最后一个月和第一个月在许多地方节日活动中表演，从而表达人们对和平和繁荣的一年的期盼。分析句子可知， "_____(perform) during the last and first month of the lunar year in many local festive activities"作主语补足语，perform是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语This type of drum dance之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填performed。
⑥考查名词所有格。句意：这种类型的鼓舞通常在农历年的最后一个月和第一个月在许多地方节日活动中表演，从而表达人们对和平和繁荣的一年的期盼。根据句意，提示词与名词hope之间是所属关系，表示"人们的期盼"，应用名词所有格people's作定语。故填people's。
⑦考查状语从句的省略。句意：在一场表演中，鼓手们左手拿鼓，右手拿木槌，表演各种舞蹈动作。在when， while， if， as if， though(或although)， as， until， once， whether， unless， where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意，分析子可知，"while _____(hold) the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands."是时间状语从句，原句为"while they are holding the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands."，符合状语从句省略条件，省略they are后，应保留现在分词holding。故填holding。
⑧考查定语从句。句意：鼓乐体现了中国传统的审美观念，具有鲜明的地方特色。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the drum playing，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
⑨考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，门头沟区一直在努力保护这一标志性的民间舞蹈文化。分析句子可知，make是句中谓语动词，与主语efforts之间是被动关系，结合时间状语In the past decades可知，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态，复数形式。故填have been made。
⑩考查连词。句意：今天，靖西太平鼓这一历史悠久的民间艺术正在被年轻人所接受，并在世界舞台上展示着其生动的艺术魅力。结合句意分析句子，"is being taken up..."和"is presenting..."是并列谓语动词，用连词and连接。故填and。(共10张PPT)
单元十一
并列连词和状语从句
1、_____gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
A. Although B. Once C. Since D. Unless
答案：A
解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作，但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲，它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管；B. Once一……就……；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。由语意可知，“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言，园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系，所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。
2、We all need to get involved in saving energy _____ it's at work, at home, or at school.
unless B. once
C. whether D. because
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句。句意：无论是在上班，在家里还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的行动中。固定搭配 whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……”。
3、—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—_____ it is not your style, that doesn't mean it is bad.
Only if B. Even though
C. Now that D. In case
答案：B
解析：句意： —人们为什么喜欢流行音乐 我非常讨厌它。—即使这不是你的风格，也不意味着它不好。前半句说：它不是你的风格；后半句说： 这并不意味着流行音乐不好。前后两句之间是转折关系，所以是即使，尽管。A. Only if只有，B. Even though即使, 尽管，C. Now that既然，D. In case以防, 万一。故选B。
4、Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion__________he wants their support.
A. since B. once
C. unless D. after
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句的从属连词。句意：汤姆非常独立，他从不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到父母的支持。since 自……以来；once 一旦；unless除非；after 在……之后。此处表示“除非”需要父母的支持，所以是 unless 引导的条件状语从句。故选C。
5、Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.
A. ever since B. as if
C. even though D. so that
答案：D
解析：考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A. ever since自那时起；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. so that以便。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。故选D。
6、The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, _____ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations".
答案： and
解析：连词。通过句子结构中的"protecting..., preserving..., protecting..., _____ leaving"可以看出, 这里需要并列连词来连接多个并列成分, 因此填and。
7、 Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _____ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
答案： and
解析：考查连词。本空连接两个谓语动词(highlights和offers), 表示顺接关系, 因此这里填并列连词and。
8、They kept their collection at home until it got too big _____ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
答案：or
解析：考查连词。根据语境可知, 前后陈述的是两种可能性, 需用连词or。
Thank you
