单元九 形容词和副词(精讲案)
2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】
一、形容词
1. 形容词的句法功能
功能 例句
定语 These are valuable suggestions. 这些是宝贵的建议。
He is the happiest person alive. 他是世上最快乐的人。 (alive、alike、alone等表语形容词作后置定语) That is the best book available. 那是可用的最好的一本书。 (以-able或-ble结尾的形容词可作前有形容词最高级或the only等修饰的名词的后置定语)
表语 His suggestions are very helpful. 他的建议很有帮助。 Her voice sounds sweet. 她的嗓音听起来很甜。
补语 I consider his suggestions very useful. 我认为他的建议很有用。
状语 He returned home, safe and sound. 他回到了家,安然无恙。(结果状语) He is standing there, full of fear. 他站在那里,充满了恐惧。(伴随状语)
2. 常见的形容词后缀
后缀 意义 例词
-ful 充满……的;有……性质(或倾向)的 useful 有用的;successful 成功的
-y 多……的 healthy 健康的;wealthy 富有的
-ly 以……方式;具有……性质 friendly 友好的;brotherly 情同手足的
-able/ -ible 能……的,可以……的 valuable 有价值的;possible 可能的
-ant/ -ent 是……的;处于……状态 important 重要的;frequent 频繁的
-ous 有……性质的 dangerous 危险的;glorious 光荣的
-ish 有……性质的;像……似的 childish 孩子气的;foolish 愚蠢的
-less 无……的,没有……的 harmless 无害的;helpless 无助的
-ary/ -ory 与……有关的 imaginary 想象的;contradictory矛盾的
-al 与……有关的;表示过程或状态 cultural 文化的;natural 自然的
-ic 与……有关的;动作……(或行为)的 historic 历史上的;heroic 英雄的
-tive 有……倾向的;有……属性的 effective 有效的;constructive 建设性的
-(e)d 有……的;以……为特征的 limited 有限的;pointed 尖的
-like 像……的 childlike 孩子般的;dreamlike 如梦般的
-some 引起(或易于)……的 troublesome 引起麻烦的;tiresome 令人厌恶的
-ar 带有……属性的 regular 规则的;circular 圆的
3. 形容词的构词方法
构成方式 例词
形容词+名词+-ed good-tempered 好脾气的;noble-minded 高尚的
形容词+现在分词 good-looking 长得好看的;easy-going 容易相处的
副词+现在分词 hard-working 努力工作的;far-reaching(影响)深远的
名词+过去分词 heart-felt 衷心的;state-owned 国有的
名词+现在分词 peace-loving 爱好和平的;epoch-making 划时代的
副词+过去分词 well-known 著名的;widespread 分布广泛的
形容词+过去分词 kind-hearted 好心肠的;ready-made 做好的,现成的
名词+形容词 self-confident 自信的;self-satisfied 自我满足的;自负的
4. 形容词的位置
(1)一般情况下,形容词作定语时,放在被修饰词之前,形容词短语作定语时,要放在被修饰词之后
例:It didn't make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn't a smooth operation like ice-skating.
它并没有利用我们投掷棒球时使用的长肌,也不像滑冰那样平稳运转。
(2)形容词一般作前置定语,但在下列情况下,形容词要放在被修饰词后面
① 形容词作定语修饰由some-, any-, every-, no-和-body, -thing, -one等构成的复合不定代词时,需后置
例:There is nobody absent today.
今天没有人缺席。
② 一些表语形容词作定语时,常放在被修饰词的后面,如alive, alike, awake, asleep, alone等
例:On the American continents, Canada and Argentina alone have succeeded.
在美洲大陆,只有加拿大和阿根廷取得了成功。
③ 成对的形容词可以后置
例:There was a huge room, simple and beautiful.
有一个大房间,简单且漂亮。
④ 当"形容词+不定式"构成的短语作定语时,需后置
例:A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.
一个如此难以取悦的人一定很难共事。
⑤ 当含有old, long, high, wide, deep等词的数量词短语作定语时,需后置
例:At that time she was only a girl five years old.
那时,她只是一个5岁的小女孩。
二、副词
1. 副词的句法功能
功能 例句
状语 修饰动词 He works hard. 他努力工作。(hard修饰动词works)
修饰形容词 He is very smart. 他很聪明。(very 修饰形容词smart)
修饰副词 He does very well in English. 他很擅长英语。(very修饰副词well)
修饰句子 Happily for him, his stepmother was kind to him. 令他高兴的是,他的继母对他很好。(Happily修饰整个句子)
表语 The light is still on. 灯还亮着。 I have never been away from home. 我从来没离开过家。
定语 Fill in the form below. 填写下面的表格。
补语 Keep the coat on if you feel cold. 如果你感觉冷就穿上这件大衣。
2. 副词的分类
分类 例词
时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently
地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above
方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really
程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather
频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never
疑问副词 how, where, when, why
连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
关系副词 when, where, why
3. 常见的副词后缀
后缀 意义 例词
-ly 以……方式 gracefully, happily, boldly, extremely, strangely
-wise 以……方式/ 方向 clockwise
-ward 向……方向 forward, outward, backward, eastward
4. 形容词变副词的规则
情况 构成 例词
一般情况 加-ly quick—quickly, brave—bravely
辅音字母加-y结尾 变y为i再加-ly easy—easily, happy—happily, heavy—heavily
le结尾 去e加-y simple—simply, gentle—gently
元音字母加-e结尾 去e加-ly true—truly, due—duly
ll结尾 只加-y full—fully, dull—dully
ic结尾 加-ally basic—basically, scientific—scientifically
5. 副词的位置
(1)时间副词
① 表示不确定时间的副词放在实意动词之前,须放在助动词、情态动词、be之后
例:She usually gets up at six every morning.
她每天早上通常6点钟起床。
She is always late for school.
她上学总是迟到。
② 时间副词修饰及物动词时,放在及物动词之前或宾语之后(若宾语很长,则副词放在动、宾之间)
例:All this morning he has been writing carefully some letters to his friends.
整个一个上午他都在认真地给他的一些朋友写信。
(2)地点副词
① 通常放在句末
② 若句中同时有地点副词和时间副词,则先地点副词后时间副词
例:We'll meet there tomorrow.
我们明天将在那里见面。
(3)方式副词
修饰不及物动词时要放在被修饰动词之后;修饰及物动词时要放在被修饰的动词之前或宾语之后
例:She spoke angrily.
她生气的说话。
He talked about his success proudly.
他自豪地谈起他的成功。
I firmly believe that he will win the debate.
我坚信他会在这场辩论中取胜。
(4)程度副词
① 修饰动词时,放在实意动词之前,放在第一个助动词、情态动词、be之后
例:I don't wholly agree with you.
我并不完全赞同你。
② 修饰形容词、副词时,放在所修饰的形容词、副词之前
例:He works a little harder now.
他现在更加用功一点了。
注意:enough除外,须放在所修饰的形容词、副词之后
例:He's old enough to go to school.
他到了上学的年纪了。
(5)频度副词
放在实意动词之前,须放在第一个助动词、情态动词、be之后
例:She almost forgot about the whole thing.
她几乎忘记了整个事情。
I've (I have) never been there.
我从来没有去过那里。
三、形容词、副词原级的基本用法
1. 肯定句中"as+形容词/副词原级+as…"结构
例:My handwriting is as beautiful as yours.
我的书法和你的一样好。
John works as hard as his brother.
约翰和他哥哥一样努力工作。
2. 否定句中用"not as/ so+形容词/副词原级+as…"结构
例:It does not rain as/ so much here as it does in my hometown.
这儿下雨不如我的家乡下雨多。
I am not as/ so busy as I used to be.
我没有过去那么忙了。
3. as+形容词原级+as+数量词 = 数量词+形容词
例:The building is as tall as 100 meters. =The building is 100 meters tall.
这个建筑有100米高。
4. as+形容词原级+a/ an+单数名词+as
as+many+复数名词+as
as+much+不可数名词+as
例:John doesn't have as much money as Helen.
约翰没有海伦有钱。
5. 貌似原级比较结构的短语
as long as 只要,有……之久
as far as 远及……,就……而言
as soon as 一……就
as well as 也
as good as (=very nearly) 与……几乎一样;简直是
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
(1)一般单音节词和少数以-er, -ow 结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est
① 单音节词
例:small—smaller—smallest;short—shorter—shortest
② 双音节词
例:clever—cleverer—cleverest;narrow—narrower—narrowest
(2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词,比较级在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st
例:large—larger—largest;nice—nicer—nicest;able—abler—ablest
(3) 重读闭音节(辅元辅)先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est
例:big— bigger—biggest;fat—fatter—fattest
(4)辅音字母+-y结尾的双音节词,把y改为i比较级加-er,最高级加-est
例:easy—easier—easiest;heavy—heavier—heaviest;busy—busier—busiest
(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加 most
例:beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful;different—more different—most different;
popular—more popular—most popular
注意:
① 词尾为"元音字母+-y"时,-y不变,直接加-er或-est
② 在形容词原级之前加 less, least 而构成的比较级与最高级称为"较低级"与"最低级"形式
例:kind—less kind—least kind;useful—less useful—least useful
③ 有少数几个双音节词以及以-er及-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式
例:common—commoner/ more common—commonest/ most common
clever—cleverer/ more clever—cleverest/ most clever
simple—simpler/ more simple—simplest/ most simple
④ 一些复合形容词的比较等级
例:well-known—better-known—best-known
⑤ 有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,故没有比较级和最高级
例:right 正确的;wrong 错误的;excellent 最好的;final 最后的;last 最后的;
possible 可能的;first 第一的;empty空的;wooden 木制的;impossible 不可能的
(6)不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
例:good/ well—better—best;badly/ bad/ ill—worse—worst
many/ much—more—most;little—less—least
far—farther/ further —farthest/ furthest
farther 指距离:更远的/地,
further 指距离:更远的/地,等同于farther;指程度:更深入的/地
farthest 指距离:最远的/地,
furthest 指距离:最远的/地,等同于farthest;指程度:最深入的/地
old—older/ elder—oldest/ eldest
older 指年龄、新旧:较老的、较旧的;指血缘:年纪较长的,此时等同于elder
elder 指血缘:年纪较长的
oldest 指年龄、新旧:最老的、最旧的;指血缘:最年长的,此时等同于 eldest
eldest 指血缘:最年长的
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
(1)"比较级+than"表示两者差级比较
例:The new computer runs much faster than that old one.
这台新电脑运行得比那台旧电脑快得多。
He made fewer mistakes than you.
他出的错比你少。
(2)less+多音节形容词、副词原级+than(不如)
例:This book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
(3)the+比较级+of… 表示"两者中更……的"
例:He is the taller of the 2 boys.
他是那两个男孩中较高的。
(4)比较级+and+比较级
这种句式用来表示自身情况的逐渐增长,意为"越来越……"
例:The computer is cheaper and cheaper.
电脑越来越便宜了。
He ran faster and faster on the last lap.
他在最后一圈时跑得越来越快。
(5)the+比较级……,the+比较级……
这种句式用于表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长,意为"越……(就)越……"
例:The shorter your article is, the better it is.
你的文章越短越好。
The more I thought, the more puzzled I felt.
我越想越不明白。
(6)"no+比较级+than…"与"not+比较级+than…"
"no+比较级+than…"意为"两者都不",是对相比较的两者的共同否定
"not+比较级+than…"意为"……不比……更……",表示相比较的两者情况相当
例:I speak French no better than him.
我和他的法语说得都不好。
I run not faster than you.
我不比你跑得快。
注意:
(1)比较级修饰语常见的有:
rather, much, still, even, far, any, a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit, three times等
例:The students study even harder than before.
学生们学习比以前更努力了。
(2)比较的对象不能相互包容,常见的句型是:
比较级+than+any other+单数名词
比较级+than+all the other+复数名词
比较级+than+anyone else
比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词
比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
例:The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.
密西西比河比美国任何其他一条河都长。
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。
China is larger than any country in Africa.
中国比非洲任何国家都大。
3. 形容词、副词最高级的基本用法
(1)(the+) 最高级+(among) / of all+(同类)
(the+) 最高级+in+范围等(不同类)
例:Li Ming is the most hard-working student in his class.
李明是他班里最努力的学生。
Of all the subjects, I like art best.
在所有的课程中,我最喜欢美术。
(2)否定词+比较级=最高级
例:He has never spent a more worrying day. 他过了最令人担心的一天。
(3)修饰最高级的有:
序数词, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like等
例:The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河最长的。
4. 表示倍数的句型
(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B
(2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B
(3)A is+倍数+the+名词 (size, length, height等)+of+B
(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B
(5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句
例:他的收入是她的三倍。
He earns twice more than her.
He earns three times as much as her.
He earns three times the money that she does.
The money he earns is three times that of hers.
He earns three times what she does.
1. A ________ schedule can help women balance their work and family lives.
A. tight B. temporary C. flexible D. specific
2. Many people are ________ about the current political situation.
A. amazed B. afraid C. concerned D. confused
3. He doesn't spend any more money on clothing than I do, but________ he manages to look so stylish.
A. therefore B. somehow C. furthermore D. otherwise
4. Please say ______ whether you will be coming or not so that I can arrange everything in advance.
A. extremely B. slightly C. incredibly D. definitely
5. Roy thinks he works as ______ as his friend, Dan.
A. hardly B. harder C. hard D. more hardly
6. —Your handwriting is beautiful.
—Thank you. I write _______ than before.
A. Careful B. more careful C. more carefully D. carefully
7. —This is________ fascinating town I have ever visited.
—Yes I've never seen a________ one.
A. the most; better B. the better; best C. the worst; good
8. Remember, boys and girls. ______ you work, ______result you will get.
A. The better;the harder B. The harder;the better
C. The harder;the worse D. The harder;the best
9. After taking tennis classes, Tim is much_____ than last year.
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest
10. Our neighbor has ________ ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as
11. I haven't seen ____Maggie since I came here.
A. as lovely a girl as B. so a lovely girl as
C. girl as lovely as D. as a lovely girl as
12. Mr. Lee used to smoke cigarettes when he felt ________. Later, he realized that it was a bad habit.
A. joint B. realistic C. stressed out D. harmonious
13. With the teachers helping him patiently, the boy has made progress _______.
A. instantly B. intimately C. steadily D. literally
14. The topic is well worth talking about. We shall, ______, return to it in the next lesson.
A. however B. otherwise C. besides D. therefore
15. This is actually a very _______ book explaining serious health messages.
A. entertained B. entertaining C. embarrassing D. embarrassed
答案以及解析
1.答案:C
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:弹性工作时间有助于女性平衡工作和家庭生活。A. tight牢固的,紧的;B. temporary临时的;C. flexible灵活的,有弹性的;D. specific具体的。根据空后"can help women balance their work and family lives"可知,因为能帮助女性平衡工作和家庭生活,由此可知,空处需用形容词flexible,表示有弹性的工作时间。故选C。
2.答案:C
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:许多人关心目前的政治局势。A. amazed惊奇的;B. afraid害怕的;C. concerned担心的,关心的;D. confused困惑的。此处考查形容词短语be concerned about,意为"关心……,担心……",句中为系表结构。故选C项。
3.答案:B
解析:考查副词。句意:他不比我在衣服上花的钱多,但是不知怎么的,他能看起来这么时尚。therefore"因此";somehow"不知怎么的";furthermore"还有";otherwise"否则"。根据句意,故选B。
4.答案:D
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:请明确告诉我你来不来,以便我提前安排。A. extremely极其,非常;B. slighly轻微地;C. incredibly难以置信地;D. definitely肯定地,明确地。根据"so that I can arrange everything in advance"可知,此处表示明确告知是否会来。故选D。
5.答案:C
解析:考查副词的比较等级形式。句意:诺伊认为他学习和朋友丹一样努力。A. hardly几乎不;B. harder更努力;C. hard努力;D. more hardly更难得,更少。hard既是形容词"努力的",又是副词"努力地";hardly意思是"几乎不"。同级比较的结构是;as...as..."和……一样……",在as 与 as 之间要用形容词、副词的原形形式。故选C。
6.答案:C
解析:careful形容词,小心的;more careful更加小心的,比较级;more carefully更加小心地,副词比较级;carefully副词,小心地。根据than,可知用比较级,此空用来修饰动词write,用副词,故选C。
7.答案:A
解析:根据句意:上半句:——这是我见过的最迷人的小镇。B项的better是比较级, 不用the修饰, C项the worst是最坏的,均不符合题意,下半句:——是啊。我从未见过更好的一个。是这个小镇和其他的比较,所以用比较级,故选A。
8.答案:B
解析:考查比较级的用法。句意:记住,孩子们,你越努力工作,你获得的结果就越好。the+比较级...,the+比较级...,表示"越……,就越……"。故选B。
9.答案:B
解析:结合than和much可知,此处用比较级表示"更强壮"。故选B。
10.答案:B
解析:本题考查原级比较结构"as...as..."的用法。句意是"我们邻居家的房子和我们家的一样大"。as...as...中第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词,如:She is as tall as her mother is./He plays tennis as well as you do.但有时as可形成这样一些结构:"as+adj.+a/an+n.+as"或"as many/much+n.+as",如:He is as good a swimmer as I am./I don't eat as many vegetables today as I did 3 years ago.而the same后要接名词,如:Their house is the same as ours.由此可知正确答案为B。
11.答案:A
解析:as+形容词+冠词+名词+as
12.答案:C
解析:考查形容词的词义辨析。句意:李先生在焦虑时,过去常常抽烟。之后他意识到那是一个坏习惯。A. joint共同的;B. realistic现实的;C. stressed out焦虑的;D. harmonious和谐的。根据句意可知,此处表示"焦虑时吸烟",故选C。
13.答案:C
解析:A. instantly立即;B. intimately熟悉地;C. steadily稳定地,逐步地;D. literally字面地。根据上文"With the teachers helping him patiently, the boy has made progress"指男孩稳步进步,应用steadily。根据句意:在老师的耐心帮助下,这个男孩稳步进步。故选C。
14.答案:D
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个话题很值得讨论。因此,我们将在下一课中继续讨论它。A. however然而;B. otherwise否则;C. besides此外;D. therefore因此。上下文之间是因果关系,需用副词therefore。故选D。
15.答案:B
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这实际上是一本非常有趣的书,解释了重要的健康信息。A. entertained感到有趣的;B. entertaining有趣的;C. embarrassing令人尴尬的;D. embarrassed感到尴尬的。分析句子可知,设空处需填入形容词修饰名词book,根据句意可知,这是一本有趣的书,修饰物用-ing结尾的形容词。故选B。(共65张PPT)
单元九
形容词和副词
一、形容词
1. 形容词的句法功能
功能 例句
定语 These are valuable suggestions. 这些是宝贵的建议。
He is the happiest person alive. 他是世上最快乐的人。
(alive、alike、alone等表语形容词作后置定语)
That is the best book available. 那是可用的最好的一本书。
(以-able或-ble结尾的形容词可作前有形容词最高级或the only等修饰的名词的后置定语)
表语 His suggestions are very helpful. 他的建议很有帮助。
Her voice sounds sweet. 她的嗓音听起来很甜。
补语 I consider his suggestions very useful. 我认为他的建议很有用。
状语 He returned home, safe and sound. 他回到了家,安然无恙。(结果状语)
He is standing there, full of fear. 他站在那里,充满了恐惧。(伴随状语)
一、形容词
2. 常见的形容词后缀
后缀 意义 例词
-ful 充满……的;有……性质(或倾向)的 useful 有用的;successful 成功的
-y 多……的 healthy 健康的;wealthy 富有的
-ly 以……方式;具有……性质 friendly 友好的;brotherly 情同手足的
-able/ -ible 能……的,可以……的 valuable 有价值的;possible 可能的
-ant/ -ent 是……的;处于……状态 important 重要的;frequent 频繁的
-ous 有……性质的 dangerous 危险的;glorious 光荣的
-ish 有……性质的;像……似的 childish 孩子气的;foolish 愚蠢的
-less 无……的,没有……的 harmless 无害的;helpless 无助的
一、形容词
2. 常见的形容词后缀
后缀 意义 例词
-ary/ -ory 与……有关的 imaginary 想象的;contradictory矛盾的
-al 与……有关的;表示过程或状态 cultural 文化的;natural 自然的
-ic 与……有关的;动作……(或行为)的 historic 历史上的;heroic 英雄的
-tive 有……倾向的;有……属性的 effective 有效的;constructive 建设性的
-(e)d 有……的;以……为特征的 limited 有限的;pointed 尖的
-like 像……的 childlike 孩子般的;dreamlike 如梦般的
-some 引起(或易于)……的 troublesome 引起麻烦的;tiresome 令人厌恶的
-ar 带有……属性的 regular 规则的;circular 圆的
一、形容词
3. 形容词的构词方法
构成方式 例词
形容词+名词+-ed good-tempered 好脾气的;noble-minded 高尚的
形容词+现在分词 good-looking 长得好看的;easy-going 容易相处的
副词+现在分词 hard-working 努力工作的;far-reaching(影响)深远的
名词+过去分词 heart-felt 衷心的;state-owned 国有的
名词+现在分词 peace-loving 爱好和平的;epoch-making 划时代的
副词+过去分词 well-known 著名的;widespread 分布广泛的
形容词+过去分词 kind-hearted 好心肠的;ready-made 做好的,现成的
名词+形容词 self-confident 自信的;self-satisfied 自我满足的;自负的
一、形容词
4. 形容词的位置
(1)一般情况下,形容词作定语时,放在被修饰词之前,形容词短语作定语时,要放在被修饰词之后
例:It didn't make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn't a smooth operation like ice-skating.
它并没有利用我们投掷棒球时使用的长肌,也不像滑冰那样平稳运转。
一、形容词
4. 形容词的位置
(2)形容词一般作前置定语,但在下列情况下,形容词要放在被修饰词后面
① 形容词作定语修饰由some-, any-, every-, no-和-body, -thing, -one等构成的复合不定代词时,需后置
例:There is nobody absent today.
今天没有人缺席。
一、形容词
4. 形容词的位置
② 一些表语形容词作定语时,常放在被修饰词的后面,如alive, alike, awake, asleep, alone等
例:On the American continents, Canada and Argentina alone have succeeded.
在美洲大陆,只有加拿大和阿根廷取得了成功。
③ 成对的形容词可以后置
例:There was a huge room, simple and beautiful.
有一个大房间,简单且漂亮。
一、形容词
4. 形容词的位置
④ 当“形容词+不定式”构成的短语作定语时,需后置
例:A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.
一个如此难以取悦的人一定很难共事。
⑤ 当含有old, long, high, wide, deep等词的数量词短语作定语时,需后置
例:At that time she was only a girl five years old.
那时,她只是一个5岁的小女孩。
二、副词
1. 副词的句法功能
功能 例句
状语 修饰动词 He works hard. 他努力工作。(hard修饰动词works)
修饰形容词 He is very smart. 他很聪明。(very 修饰形容词smart)
修饰副词 He does very well in English. 他很擅长英语。(very修饰副词well)
修饰句子 Happily for him, his stepmother was kind to him.
令他高兴的是,他的继母对他很好。(Happily修饰整个句子)
表语 The light is still on. 灯还亮着。
I have never been away from home. 我从来没离开过家。
定语 Fill in the form below. 填写下面的表格。
补语 Keep the coat on if you feel cold. 如果你感觉冷就穿上这件大衣。
二、副词
2. 副词的分类
分类 例词
时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently
地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above
方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really
程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather
频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never
疑问副词 how, where, when, why
连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
关系副词 when, where, why
二、副词
3. 常见的副词后缀
后缀 意义 例词
-ly 以……方式 gracefully, happily, boldly, extremely, strangely
-wise 以……方式/ 方向 clockwise
-ward 向……方向 forward, outward, backward, eastward
二、副词
4. 形容词变副词的规则
情况 构成 例词
一般情况 加-ly quick—quickly, brave—bravely
辅音字母加-y结尾 变y为i再加-ly easy—easily, happy—happily, heavy—heavily
le结尾 去e加-y simple—simply, gentle—gently
元音字母加-e结尾 去e加-ly true—truly, due—duly
ll结尾 只加-y full—fully, dull—dully
ic结尾 加-ally basic—basically, scientific—scientifically
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(1)时间副词
① 表示不确定时间的副词放在实意动词之前,须放在助动词、情态动词、be之后
例:She usually gets up at six every morning.
她每天早上通常6点钟起床。
She is always late for school.
她上学总是迟到。
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(1)时间副词
② 时间副词修饰及物动词时,放在及物动词之前或宾语之后(若宾语很长,则副词放在动、宾之间)
例:All this morning he has been writing carefully some letters to his friends.
整个一个上午他都在认真地给他的一些朋友写信。
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(2)地点副词
① 通常放在句末
② 若句中同时有地点副词和时间副词,则先地点副词后时间副词
例:We'll meet there tomorrow.
我们明天将在那里见面。
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(3)方式副词
修饰不及物动词时要放在被修饰动词之后;修饰及物动词时要放在被修饰的动词之前或宾语之后
例:She spoke angrily. 她生气地说话。
He talked about his success proudly.
他自豪地谈起他的成功。
I firmly believe that he will win the debate.
我坚信他会在这场辩论中取胜。
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(4)程度副词
① 修饰动词时,放在实意动词之前,放在第一个助动词、情态动词、be之后
例:I don't wholly agree with you.
我并不完全赞同你。
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(4)程度副词
② 修饰形容词、副词时,放在所修饰的形容词、副词之前
例:He works a little harder now.
他现在更加用功一点了。
注意:enough除外,须放在所修饰的形容词、副词之后
例:He's old enough to go to school.
他到了上学的年纪了。
二、副词
5. 副词的位置
(5)频度副词
放在实意动词之前,须放在第一个助动词、情态动词、be之后
例:She almost forgot about the whole thing.
她几乎忘记了整个事情。
I've (I have) never been there.
我从来没有去过那里。
1. 肯定句中“as+形容词/副词原级+as…”结构
例:My handwriting is as beautiful as yours.
我的书法和你的一样好。
John works as hard as his brother.
约翰和他哥哥一样努力工作。
三、形容词、副词原级的基本用法
2. 否定句中用“not as/ so+形容词/副词原级+as…”结构
例:It does not rain as/ so much here as it does in my hometown.
这儿下雨不如我的家乡下雨多。
I am not as/ so busy as I used to be.
我没有过去那么忙了。
三、形容词、副词原级的基本用法
3. as+形容词原级+as+数量词 = 数量词+形容词
例:The building is as tall as 100 meters.
=The building is 100 meters tall.
这个建筑有100米高。
三、形容词、副词原级的基本用法
4. as+形容词原级+a/ an+单数名词+as
as+many+复数名词+as
as+much+不可数名词+as
例:John doesn't have as much money as Helen.
约翰没有海伦有钱。
三、形容词、副词原级的基本用法
5. 貌似原级比较结构的短语
as long as 只要,有……之久
as far as 远及……,就……而言
as soon as 一……就
as well as 也
as good as (=very nearly) 与……几乎一样;简直是
三、形容词、副词原级的基本用法
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
(1)一般单音节词和少数以-er, -ow 结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est
① 单音节词
例:small—smaller—smallest;short—shorter—shortest
② 双音节词
例:clever—cleverer—cleverest;narrow—narrower—narrowest
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
(2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词,比较级在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st
例:large—larger—largest;nice—nicer—nicest;able—abler—ablest
(3) 重读闭音节(辅元辅)先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est
例:big— bigger—biggest;fat—fatter—fattest
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
(4)辅音字母+-y结尾的双音节词,把y改为i比较级加-er,最高级加-est
例:easy—easier—easiest;heavy—heavier—heaviest;busy—busier—busiest
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加 most
例:beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful;different—more different—most different;
popular—more popular—most popular
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
注意:
① 词尾为“元音字母+-y”时,-y不变,直接加-er或-est
② 在形容词原级之前加 less, least 而构成的比较级与最高级称为“较低级”与“最低级”形式
例:kind—less kind—least kind;useful—less useful—least useful
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
注意:
③ 有少数几个双音节词以及以-er及-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式
例:common—commoner/ more common—commonest/ most common
clever—cleverer/ more clever—cleverest/ most clever
simple—simpler/ more simple—simplest/ most simple
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
注意:④ 一些复合形容词的比较等级
例:well-known—better-known—best-known
⑤ 有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,故没有比较级和最高级
例:right 正确的;wrong 错误的;excellent 最好的;final 最后的;last 最后的;possible 可能的;first 第一的;empty空的;wooden 木制的;impossible 不可能的
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
(6)不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
例:good/ well—better—best;badly/ bad/ ill—worse—worst
many/ much—more—most;little—less—least
far—farther/ further —farthest/ furthest
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
farther 指距离:更远的/地,
further 指距离:更远的/地,等同于farther;
指程度:更深入的/地
farthest 指距离:最远的/地,
furthest 指距离:最远的/地,等同于farthest;
指程度:最深入的/地
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
old—older/ elder—oldest/ eldest
older 指年龄、新旧:较老的、较旧的;
指血缘:年纪较长的,此时等同于elder
elder 指血缘:年纪较长的
oldest 指年龄、新旧:最老的、最旧的;
指血缘:最年长的,此时等同于 eldest
eldest 指血缘:最年长的
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
(1)“比较级+than”表示两者差级比较
例:The new computer runs much faster than that old one.
这台新电脑运行得比那台旧电脑快得多。
He made fewer mistakes than you.
他出的错比你少。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
(2)less+多音节形容词、副词原级+than(不如)
例:This book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
(3)the+比较级+of… 表示“两者中更……的”
例:He is the taller of the 2 boys.
他是那两个男孩中较高的。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
(4)比较级+and+比较级
这种句式用来表示自身情况的逐渐增长,意为“越来越……”
例:The computer is cheaper and cheaper.
电脑越来越便宜了。
He ran faster and faster on the last lap.
他在最后一圈时跑得越来越快。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
(5)the+比较级……,the+比较级……
这种句式用于表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长,意为“越……(就)越……”
例:The shorter your article is, the better it is.
你的文章越短越好。
The more I thought, the more puzzled I felt.
我越想越不明白。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
(6)“no+比较级+than…”与“not+比较级+than…”
“no+比较级+than…”意为“两者都不”,是对相比较的两者的共同否定
“not+比较级+than…”意为“……不比……更……”,表示相比较的两者情况相当
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
例:I speak French no better than him.
我和他的法语说得都不好。
I run not faster than you.
我不比你跑得快。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
注意:
(1)比较级修饰语常见的有:
rather, much, still, even, far, any, a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit, three times等
例:The students study even harder than before.
学生们学习比以前更努力了。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
注意:
(2)比较的对象不能相互包容,常见的句型是:
比较级+than+any other+单数名词
比较级+than+all the other+复数名词
比较级+than+anyone else
比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词
比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
2. 形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
例:The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.
密西西比河比美国任何其他一条河都长。
China is larger than any other country in Asia.
中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。
China is larger than any country in Africa.
中国比非洲任何国家都大。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
3. 形容词、副词最高级的基本用法
(1)(the+) 最高级+(among) / of all+(同类)
(the+) 最高级+in+范围等(不同类)
例:Li Ming is the most hard-working student in his class.
李明是他班里最努力的学生。
Of all the subjects, I like art best.
在所有的课程中,我最喜欢美术。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
3. 形容词、副词最高级的基本用法
(2)否定词+比较级=最高级
例:He has never spent a more worrying day.
他过了最令人担心的一天。
(3)修饰最高级的有:
序数词, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like等
例:The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河最长的。
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
4. 表示倍数的句型
(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B
(2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B
(3)A is+倍数+the+名词 (size, length, height等)+of+B
(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B
(5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
4. 表示倍数的句型
例:他的收入是她的三倍。
He earns twice more than her.
He earns three times as much as her.
He earns three times the money that she does.
The money he earns is three times that of hers.
He earns three times what she does.
四、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
典例剖析
1. A ________ schedule can help women balance their work and family lives.
tight B. temporary
C. flexible D. specific
答案:C
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:弹性工作时间有助于女性平衡工作和家庭生活。A. tight牢固的,紧的;B. temporary临时的;C. flexible灵活的,有弹性的;D. specific具体的。根据空后"can help women balance their work and family lives"可知,因为能帮助女性平衡工作和家庭生活,由此可知,空处需用形容词flexible,表示有弹性的工作时间。故选C。
2. Many people are ________ about the current political situation.
amazed B. afraid
C. concerned D. confused
答案:C
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:许多人关心目前的政治局势。A. amazed惊奇的;B. afraid害怕的;C. concerned担心的,关心的;D. confused困惑的。此处考查形容词短语be concerned about,意为"关心……,担心……",句中为系表结构。故选C项。
3. He doesn't spend any more money on clothing than I do, but________ he manages to look so stylish.
therefore B. somehow
C. furthermore D. otherwise
答案:B
解析:考查副词。句意:他不比我在衣服上花的钱多,但是不知怎么的,他能看起来这么时尚。therefore"因此";somehow"不知怎么的";furthermore"还有";otherwise"否则"。根据句意,故选B。
4. Please say ______ whether you will be coming or not so that I can arrange everything in advance.
extremely B. slightly
C. incredibly D. definitely
答案:D
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:请明确告诉我你来不来,以便我提前安排。A. extremely极其,非常;B. slighly轻微地;C. incredibly难以置信地;D. definitely肯定地,明确地。根据"so that I can arrange everything in advance"可知,此处表示明确告知是否会来。故选D。
5. Roy thinks he works as ______ as his friend, Dan.
hardly B. harder
C. hard D. more hardly
答案:C
解析:考查副词的比较等级形式。句意:诺伊认为他学习和朋友丹一样努力。A. hardly几乎不;B. harder更努力;C. hard努力;D. more hardly更难得,更少。hard既是形容词"努力的",又是副词"努力地";hardly意思是"几乎不"。同级比较的结构是;as...as..."和……一样……",在as 与 as 之间要用形容词、副词的原形形式。故选C。
6. —Your handwriting is beautiful.
—Thank you. I write _______ than before.
Careful B. more careful
C. more carefully D. carefully
答案:C
解析:careful形容词,小心的;more careful更加小心的,比较级;more carefully更加小心地,副词比较级;carefully副词,小心地。根据than,可知用比较级,此空用来修饰动词write,用副词,故选C。
7. —This is________ fascinating town I have ever visited.
—Yes I've never seen a________ one.
the most; better B. the better; best
C. the worst; good
答案:A
解析:根据句意:上半句:——这是我见过的最迷人的小镇。B项的better是比较级, 不用the修饰, C项the worst是最坏的,均不符合题意,下半句:——是啊。我从未见过更好的一个。是这个小镇和其他的比较,所以用比较级,故选A。
8. Remember, boys and girls. ______ you work, ______result you will get.
The better;the harder
B. The harder;the better
C. The harder;the worse
D. The harder;the best
答案:B
解析:考查比较级的用法。句意:记住,孩子们,你越努力工作,你获得的结果就越好。the+比较级...,the+比较级...,表示"越……,就越……"。故选B。
9. After taking tennis classes, Tim is much_____ than last year.
strong B. stronger
C. strongest D. the strongest
答案:B
解析:结合than和much可知,此处用比较级表示"更强壮"。故选B。
10. Our neighbor has ________ ours.
as a big house as
B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as
D. a house the same big as
答案:B
解析:本题考查原级比较结构"as...as..."的用法。句意是"我们邻居家的房子和我们家的一样大"。as...as...中第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词,如:She is as tall as her mother is./He plays tennis as well as you do.但有时as可形成这样一些结构:"as+adj.+a/an+n.+as"或"as many/much+n.+as",如:He is as good a swimmer as I am./I don't eat as many vegetables today as I did 3 years ago.而the same后要接名词,如:Their house is the same as ours.由此可知正确答案为B。
11. I haven't seen ____Maggie since I came here.
A. as lovely a girl as B. so a lovely girl as
C. girl as lovely as D. as a lovely girl as
答案:A
解析:as+形容词+冠词+名词+as
12. Mr. Lee used to smoke cigarettes when he felt ________. Later, he realized that it was a bad habit.
joint B. realistic
C. stressed out D. harmonious
答案:C
解析:考查形容词的词义辨析。句意:李先生在焦虑时,过去常常抽烟。之后他意识到那是一个坏习惯。A. joint共同的;B. realistic现实的;C. stressed out焦虑的;D. harmonious和谐的。根据句意可知,此处表示"焦虑时吸烟",故选C。
13. With the teachers helping him patiently, the boy has made progress _______.
instantly B. intimately
C. steadily D. literally
答案:C
解析:A. instantly立即;B. intimately熟悉地;C. steadily稳定地,逐步地;D. literally字面地。根据上文"With the teachers helping him patiently, the boy has made progress"指男孩稳步进步,应用steadily。根据句意:在老师的耐心帮助下,这个男孩稳步进步。故选C。
14. The topic is well worth talking about. We shall, ______, return to it in the next lesson.
however B. otherwise
C. besides D. therefore
答案:D
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个话题很值得讨论。因此,我们将在下一课中继续讨论它。A. however然而;B. otherwise否则;C. besides此外;D. therefore因此。上下文之间是因果关系,需用副词therefore。故选D。
15. This is actually a very _______ book explaining serious health messages.
entertained B. entertaining
C. embarrassing D. embarrassed
答案:B
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这实际上是一本非常有趣的书,解释了重要的健康信息。A. entertained感到有趣的;B. entertaining有趣的;C. embarrassing令人尴尬的;D. embarrassed感到尴尬的。分析句子可知,设空处需填入形容词修饰名词book,根据句意可知,这是一本有趣的书,修饰物用-ing结尾的形容词。故选B。单元九 形容词和副词(精准训练)
2024届高考英语解锁大单元一轮复习【配套新教材】
1. A ________ method is to prepare well for the final-term examination without complaints.
A. shallow B. virtual C. fancy D. sensible
2. Prime Minister David Cameron said, "…independence will not be a ______separation but a painful divorce". When the outcome is still up in the air, he made an emotional speech to ______Scottish voters to stay together.
A. trial; call on B. attempted; call for
C. temporary; call at D. experimental; call off
3. Most vacant positions are at senior level, requiring ______ qualifications.
A. appropriate B. apparent C. accessible D. abnormal
4. It is reported that the ____________ winds last night buried the whole village in sand.
A. gentle B. distant C. violent D. slight
5. —You don't go to that supermarket quite often, do you
—No, I go there ______ because it's too far away from my house.
A. eventually B. constantly C. occasionally D. frequently
6. Pension should be increased ________ in line with earnings or prices, whichever is the higher.
A. originally B. unusually C. bitterly D. annually
7. After living in Australia for 55 years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
8. Sina Weibo banned 1,830 users for 90 days, silenced 100 accounts ______ and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws.
A. particularly B. ultimately C. permanently D. extensively
9. —Is Lucy or Lily the ______ of the twins?
—Lucy. She was born half an hour earlier.
A. younger B. older C. elder D. eldest
10. The number of people present at the concert was ________ than expected; There are many tickets left
A. much smaller B. much more C. much larger D. many more
11. —How do you like the song Chengdu sung by the singer
—Oh, I have never enjoyed a ______one before.
A. worst B. best C. worse D. better
12. They competed (比赛) to see who could work _____.
A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better
C. fastest and better D. faster and better
13. We shouldn't spoil the children because ________ they are given, ________ they want.
A. the less; the less B. the more; the less
C. the less; the more D. the more; the more
14. He is ______to have gone abroad,for I haven't seen him for weeks.
A. possible B. likely C. probable D. certainly
15. John belongs to that club, whose members meet ________ to discuss social issues and share ideas and thoughts.
A. immediately B. originally C. gradually D. regularly
A
Although failing to qualify for the FIFA World Cup finals soccer tournament in Qatar in 2022, China has made huge ①_______(contribute) to the largest global sporting event.
China was responsible ②_______ building Stadium 974 in Qatar. It was assembled(组装) from 974 containers by China International Marine Containers in Shenzhen, ③_______ means it can be completely taken apart.
1815 buses, including 888 electric-powered ④_______ (one), from Higer Bus Co in Suzhou, ⑤_______ (deliver) to Qatar last year. It was the first time that new energy buses from China ⑥_______ (use) at a major global sporting event.
⑦_______ wide range of Chinese items were available at the tournament, including key rings, horns, flags, clothing and shoes from Yiwu, Zhejiang and Jinjiang, Fujian Province, as well as fireworks from Liuyang, Hunan Province. If the elements provided by China for Qatar event were contesting a "global manufacturing World Cup", "Team China" was ⑧_______ (sure) a popular winner.
Soccer has the power ⑨_______ (bring) people together and such an ⑩_______ (influence) event will boost global consumption potential. Chinese brands are entering the international market in a more imperceptible(感觉不到的)way and resonating (引起共鸣)with global users.
B
There is no real evidence that spending too much time online severely damages the user's life in the long term. That is not to say that there ①_____(be) no need for concern. Mental health problems represent ②_____ largest burden of disease among young people. One study ③_____(do) in ten OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries found that a quarter of all young people had a mental disorder. Even a small ④_____(add) to that number would be a bad thing. And heavy users of social media and video games often suffer from sleep deprivation (缺乏), ⑤_____ causes anxiety and other problems.
Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is also becoming more common, though it directly affects a ⑥_____(relative) small number of children. And people on social media try to make their lives seem ⑦______(attract) than they really are, which can make some children feel left out.
It is hard to classify screen use. ⑧_____ is good for one child of a particular age may be bad for another one of a ⑨_____(differ) age. But it is clear that, particularly for younger children, it helps if parents are involved. The trouble is that children can find it hard ⑩_____(get) any attention from their parents these days because they, too, are always on their smartphones.
答案以及解析
1.答案:D
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意:明智的方法是好好准备期末考试,不要抱怨。A. shallow浅的;B. virtual虚拟的;C. fancy精致的;D. sensible明智的。根据"to prepare well for the final-term examination without complaints"可知,此处是指明智的方法。故选D。
2.答案:A
解析:句意:卡梅隆说:独立不是一个试验的分离而是一次痛苦的离婚。当苏格兰公投结果还没有出来的时候,他发表了一次演讲号召苏格兰投票人团结在一起。trial试验性的;call upon号召;call at拜访;call off取消。Attempted尝试的;temporary暂时的;experimental实验的。故A正确。
3.答案:A
解析:句意:大部分空缺的职位都是上级管理阶层,要求有适当的任职资格。appropriate"适当的";apparent"表面上的";accessible"易接近的";abnormal"反常的,变态的",故选A.
4.答案:C
解析:考查词义辨析。gentle 温和的,distant 遥远的,violent猛烈的,slight轻轻的,句意:据报道昨天晚上猛烈的风把整个村庄埋在在沙土里。所以选C。
5.答案:C
解析:句意:——你不经常去超市,是吗?——不经常去,我只是偶尔去,因为超市离我们家太远。Occasionally---sometimes, but not regulary and not often偶尔;eventually ---at last, in the end最后,终于;constantly ---all the time, or very often不断地,经常地;frequently频繁地,经常地。
6.答案:D
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:养老金应根据收入或物价每年增加,以较高者为准。A. originally起初;B. unusually不寻常地;C. bitterly伤心地;D. annually 每年。根据后文"in line with earnings or prices, whichever is the higher"可知,此处指养老金应根据收入或物价每年增加,应用annually。故选D。
7.答案:B
解析:本题主要考查关系副词引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知,"he grew up as a child"是一个定语从句,修饰先行词 the small town,从句句子主谓宾结构完整,缺地点状语,故应该由关系副词引导,先行词表示地点,所以选择where。故正确答案为B。
8.答案:C
解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意:新浪微博因用户违反法律,禁止了1830名用户90天,永久关闭100个账户,并删除了3770条帖子。A. particularly尤其,特别:B. ultimately最终:C. permanently水久地:"and deleted 3,770 posts for violating laws"可知,句子D. extensively广泛地。由"silenced 100 accounts"表示"新浪微博永久关闭100个账户",空格处是"永久地",故选C。
9.答案:B
解析:考查比较级的用法。句意:一露西还是莉莉是双胞胎中较大的那个?一露西。她早出生了半个小时。younger更小的;elder表示"前辈的""年纪较长的",仅用于同一家庭成员的比较;older则不限于此,elder在句中只用作定语,不作表语;older两者皆可。根据该句是主系表结构及后文的回答。故选B。
10.答案:A
解析:本题主要考查形容词比较级。句子的主语是 the number,而不是 people,应用 small 或 large 的比较级来修饰,故不用 more。从后句的意思可看出:出席音乐会的人比预料的少,而不是多。故正确答案为A。
11.答案:D
解析:本题主要考查形容词比较级。根据题意可知,"我"从来没听过一首比这更好的歌。故此处应为"否定词+比较级"表示最高级含义。故正确答案为D。
12.答案:A
解析:考查副词最高级。句意:他们竞相看谁能最快最好地工作。and 连接的并列成分要保持结构一致,根据"They competed to see "可推知此处表示最高级含义,应用副词最高级作状语。故选A项。
13.答案:D
解析:句意:我们不应该宠坏了孩子,因为给他们越多他们要的就越多。the more…the more… 越……越……,符合句意和语境。
14.答案:B
解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:他可能出国了,因为我几个星期没有看见他了。A、B、C都有"可能"的意思,D项certainly"当然",be likely to do sth.很可能做某事,其主语可以是人也可以是物;probable和possible尽管也有"可能"的意思,但其主语不能是人。故选B。
15.答案:D
解析:根据中文意思可知使用副词regularly"有规律地",修饰谓语动词。故选D。
A
答案:①contributions②for③which④ones⑤were delivered⑥had been used⑦A⑧surely⑨to bring⑩influential
解析:①考查可数名词的复数。句意:尽管未能获得2022年卡塔尔世界杯足球赛的参赛资格,但中国为这项全球最大的体育赛事做出了巨大贡献。contribution "贡献",此处为可数名词,构成固定搭配make contribution to "对......做出贡献",故填contributions。
②考查介词。句意:中国承建了卡塔尔974体育场。be responsible for "对......负责",为固定搭配,故填for。
③考查非限制性定语从句。句意:它由深圳的中国国际海运集装箱公司用974个集装箱组装而成,这意味着它可以完全拆卸。指代前面句子,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
④考查代词。句意:去年,苏州海格客车有限公司向卡塔尔交付了1815辆公交车,其中888辆电动公交车。前面有大于一的数字,所以用one的复数形式,故填ones。
⑤考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:年,苏州海格客车有限公司向卡塔尔交付了1815辆公交车,其中888辆电动公交车。根据时间
状语last year,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,deliver和主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语为名词复数1815 buses,故填were delivered。
⑥考查固定搭配和语态。句意:这是中国新能源巴士首次在大型全球体育赛事中使用。此处为固定句型"it was the first time that从句用"过去完成时态" , use和主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,故填had been used.
⑦考查冠词。句意:比赛现场有各种各样的中国商品,包括来自浙江义乌和福建晋江的钥匙扣、喇叭、旗帜、服装和鞋子,以吸来自湖南浏阳的烟花。a wide range of"各种各样的",为固定搭配,放在句首,所以开头字母要大写,故填A。
⑧考查副词。句意:如果中国为卡塔尔赛事提供的元素是争夺"全球制造业世界杯",那么"中国之队"无疑是一个受欢迎的赢家。修饰动词was,所以用副词,故填surely。
⑨考查动词不定式。句意:足球具有将人们聚集在-起的力量,这样一项有影响力的活动将提升全球消费潜力。have the power to do sth."有做某事的力量",为固定搭配,故填to bring.
⑩考查形容词。句意:足球具有将人们聚集在一起的力量,这样一项有影响力的活动将提升全球消费潜力。作定语修饰名词,所以用形容
词,故填influential。
B
答案:①is②the③done④addition⑤which⑥relatively⑦more attractive⑧What⑨different⑩to get
解析:①考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这并不是说没有必要担心。本句为There be句型,描述现状,所以时态为一般现在时,主语为单数名词,故填is。
②考查冠词。句意:精神健康问题是青年人最大的疾病负担。形容词最高级前要用定冠词the,故填the。
③考查过去分词。句意:一项对十个经合组织(OECD)国家进行的研究发现,四分之一的年轻人患有精神障碍。do和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语修饰study,故填done。
④考查名词。句意:即使在这个数字上增加一点点也会是一件坏事。空格处为名词被small修饰,addition(增加),a后面名词用单数,故填addition。
⑤考查非限制性定语从句。句意:大量使用社交媒体和视频游戏的人经常会睡眠不足,这会导致焦虑和其他问题。先行词sleep deprivation在非限制性定语从句中作主语,用which引导,故填which。
⑥考查副词。句意:网络欺凌也变得越来越普遍,尽管它直接影响的儿童数量相对较少。修饰形容词,所以用副词,故填relatively。
⑦考查形容词比较级。句意:社交媒体上的人试图让他们的生活看起来比实际更有吸引力,这可能会让一些孩子感到被冷落。than前面要用形容词/副词的比较级,more attractive(更吸引人的),故填more attractive。
⑧考查主语从句。句意:对某个特定年龄的孩子有益的东西,对另一个不同年龄的孩子可能是有害的。引导词what在主语从句中作主语,表示"……的事情",故填What。
⑨考查形容词。句意:对某个特定年龄的孩子有益的东西,对另一个不同年龄的孩子可能是有害的。修饰名词,所以用形容词,故填different。
⑩考查不定式。句意:问题是,现在的孩子很难得到父母的关注,因为他们也总是在玩智能手机。it作形式宾语,所以用不定式作真正宾语,故填to get。(共10张PPT)
单元九
形容词和副词
1、While rock-climbing, you need to remain very _____ so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
satisfied B. focused
C. amused D. delighted
答案:B
解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:在攀岩的时候,你需要保持注意力集中,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。B项意为 “注意力集中的”,符合语境。A项意为“满意的";C项意为“被逗乐的”;D项意为“高兴的”。
2、As working from home becomes _____ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
increasingly B. equally
C. nervously D. confusingly
答案:A
解析:考查副词辨析。句意:随着居家办公变得越来越普遍,人们发现把为人父母和做全职工作结合起来更容易 To A项意为“与日俱增地”,符合语境。B项意为“平等地”; C项意为“紧张地”;D项意为“令人困惑地”。
3、Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.
casual B. regular
C. flexible D. tight
答案:C
解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:不像传统的体育锻炼,有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的,随便的;B. regular定期的,有规律的;C. flexible灵活的;D. tight紧的,密封的。故选C。
4、According to Professor Johnson, we don't have to read the book if we don't want to, as it is ________.
worthwhile B. necessary
C. optional D. serious
答案:C
解析:考查形容词词义辨析。根据"we don't have to read the book if we don't want to"可知,这本书是可选的,不是必读的。因此选C项。
5、A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is ___________ established.
properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
答案:A
解析:考查副词辨析。句意:在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前,需要定期的训练。properly正确地;widely广泛地;originally最初;temporarily临时地,根据题意,故选A。
6、—I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.
—I’m sorry, but he is not ___________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.
A.busy B.active
C.concerned D.available
答案:D
解析:句意:--我想见怀特先生,我们有约。--对不起,他现在没空,因为会议还没有结束。A.忙碌;B.积极,活跃;C关心;D.有空。根据语境,故选D。
7. It will _____(undoubted) help you get refreshed!
答案: undoubtedly
解析:考查副词。分析句子结构可知, 空处做状语修饰动词help, 故填undoubtedly。
8. The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _____(hot) the spring!
答案:hotter
解析:考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知气温越低, 温泉就越热。本空所在句使用了"the+比较级..., the+比较级..."结构表示"越......, 越......", 故本空填hot的比较级hotter。
Thank you