牛津上海版八年级下册Unit 4 Newspapers重点知识点整理 （含答案）
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| 名称 | 牛津上海版八年级下册Unit 4 Newspapers重点知识点整理 （含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-04-01 15:30:28 | ||
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牛津上海版英语八年级第二学期U4重点知识点整理及练习
一、知识点整理
1. We held a meeting after school. 放学后我们召开了一次会议。
hold a meeting的意思是“召开会议”，与have a meeting 意思相近，但是hold a meeting更强调“召开，发起”。另外，我们也可以用被动语态be held来表示“被举行”，相当于take place。如：The birthday party will be held next Friday evening. = The birthday party will take place next Friday evening. 这个生日聚会将在下周五晚举行。
2. Tony suggested that we should choose Joyce, because she has experience. 托尼建议我们选择乔伊斯，因为她有经验。
（1） suggest的意思是“建议”，用情态动词would + suggest可以表示委婉的语气。另外，suggest表示“建议”时，其宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，形式是“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。如：We suggested that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher. 我们建议他去向老师道歉。
（2） experience是名词，有两种情况：表示“经验”时，为不可数名词，有抽象意义；而表示“经历”时，为可数名词，指具体的某一次或几次。如：Have you got any experience 你有工作经验吗？Please tell us about your experiences in Africa. 请跟我们谈谈你在非洲的经历。
3. Then k charge of the meeting. 然后，乔伊斯主持会议。
句中take charge of的意思是“主管，负责”，相当于be in charge of。另外要注意：be in the charge of的意思是“在……的管理下”。如：
A new teacher will take charge of the class. 一位新教师将要接管这个班级。
The bus was in the charge of the driver. 这辆公共汽车由这位司机管理。
4. She said that we ought to elect a secretary next. 她说接下来我们应该选举一名秘书。
ought to表示“应当，应该”，是提建议型情态动词，常用来劝告别人去做某事，没有人称和数的变化。其否定式为 ought not to do 或 oughtn’t to do，一般疑问句将ought 提到句首。如： You oughtn’t to have stopped on the motorway. 你不该在快车道上停车。
5. Joyce told them to talk it over among themselves. 乔伊斯告诉他们自己讨论一下这件事情。
(1) tell是动词，意为“告诉”，tell sb. to do sth. 表示“叫某人做某事”，与ask sb. to do sth.意思相近。如果要表示否定含义，则用tell sb. not to do sth.或ask sb. not to do sth.，意为“叫某人不要做某事”。如： What did I tell you not to do 我叫你不要去做什么？
I’ll ask them to be quiet. 我会让他们安静些。
(2) talk over在句中意为“讨论”，相当于discuss，我们可以用talk over sth. with sb.来表示“和某人讨论某事”。如：
I have an important matter to talk over with you. 我有一件重要的事要和你商量。
6. Pansy asked whether we could call it the Mayfield Sun. 潘西问我们是否可以给它取名为Mayfield Sun。
(1) 本句中whether we could call it the Mayfield Sun在动词ask后面，作宾语从句。我们要注意宾语从句中的引导词，如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that （在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if / whether，意为“是否”；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用特殊疑问词。如：
He told me that he would go to college the next year. 他告诉我他明年要去上大学。
Nobody knew whether / if he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁应该了解些什么。
(2) 虽然if和whether都可以用于宾语从句，意为“是否”，但是whether引导的从句可以与or not连用，而if不能。如：
The point is whether we should recommend him or not. 问题是我们应否推荐他。
7. Joyce said that we should think about this a bit longer. 乔伊斯说我们应该考虑得久一点。
在句中，a bit用来修饰后面的比较级longer，表示“一点”，相当于a little。修饰比较级的词还有：even, still， much, far等。如：
We will be a much better football team next year. 明年我们将会成为一支更好的足球队。
8. We arranged to have the next meeting in one week’s time. 我们将下一次会议安排在一周以后。
在表示所有格时，单数名词和词尾不带s的复数名词都直接加’s，如遇到词尾带s的复数名词只加’。 如：ten minutes’ walk 步行十分钟的路程
二、练习
I. Choose the best answer
( ) 1. English is _________ useful language in the world.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 2. The police said the truck driver should be responsible _________ the accident.
A. on B. for C. by D. from
( ) 3. Soon the locusts (蝗虫) came down and started _________ everything.
A. eating B. eat C. ate D. eaten
( ) 4. The teacher found it difficult to make a choice _________ these students.
A. between B. among C. over D. under
( ) 5. The woman decided _________ the good servant.
A. to believe not B. don’t believe C. to believe D. to not believe
( ) 6. He called on his friend in order to talk over his problem. The underlined phrase means “_________”.
A. put on B. deal with C. hold D. discuss
( ) 7. —Ought we to write a report about our meeting for the headmaster
—No, you _________.
A. ought to B. ought not to C. ought to not D. not ought to
( ) 8. There are over _________ on the bookshelf
in my room.
A. two thousand books B. two thousands books
C. two thousand of books D. two thousands of books
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:
1. After a few moments’ _________, he began to speak. (consider)
2. _________, no less than nine of our agents have passed information to us. (brief)
3. It’s a difficult _________ for any doctor. (decide)
4. An _________ was finally reached between management and employees. (agree)
5. He has got a job as an _________ of a trade journal. (edit)
IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required:
1. Our school held a sports meeting at the end of last year. （改为否定句）
Our school _________ _________ a sports meeting at the end of last year.
2. To understand what he is saying is too difficult. （保持句意基本不变）
_________ _________ too difficult to understand what he is saying.
3. The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon. （改为反意疑问句）
The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon, _________ _________
4. The beach is a nice place for tourists. （改为感叹句）
_________ _________ nice place the beach is for tourists!
5. Choose the perfect grapes only, or you won’t be able to make the best wine. （保持句意不变）
You _________ be able to make the best wine _________ you choose the perfect grapes only.
IV. Choose the right words
Summer vacation is the most awaited time in a student’s life. It is time to relax and explore the world around us.
I visited Bulgaria last summer holidays, where I went with my good friend. At the ___1___ of the first day we were having a great time, you know, no work. Spending the whole day on the beach was really relaxing. Everything was going in the best way, except for the coming evening.
When it became much colder outside, we decided to buy something to eat. I left our bags in front of the hotel and my friend Gosia asked our teachers to ___2___ at our belongings once in a while. Having ensured they were safe, we finally went to the nearest shop.
When we came back, it seemed nobody remembered about our bags, in which we had our cosmetics and clothes! Members of the camp as well as teachers went into the hotel, leaving our bags alone. ___3___, Gosia and I ran towards the front of the building only to find Gosia’s bag was in the right place while mine disappeared!
My teachers were really ashamed about the ___4___ they had forgotten about my luggage. So not only were they really helpful, but they also did their best to find the stealer and my bag.
Firstly I was really stressed and I thought it would ruin my great holidays as I had thought but fortunately both my bag and the stealer were ___5___ the next d ay!
So that is my funny story. Did you have any adventures, maybe even some ___6___ to mine If yes, I hope it ended as well as mine did!
( ) 1. A. shopping B. living C. crossing D. beginning
( ) 2. A. have dinner B. have a bath C. have a look D. have a good time
( ) 3. A. Immediately B. Carefully C. Seriously D. Unfortunately
( ) 4. A. fact B. work C. joke D. hope
( ) 5. A. dropped B. found C. returned D. reported
( ) 6. A. familiar B. different C. similar D. generous
V. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words:
Winston Churchill once said, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” I completely a___1___ with him.
I have been volunteering at the Boston Children’s Hospital every year since I was thirteen. At the b___2___, I only wanted to go because I would get praise for entertaining children at the hospital. After giving my time for two months, my opinion changed completely.
When I first stepped into the waiting room on the ground floor, I was not sure that I would be spending my entire summer with kids. As it became routine for me to show up every day at 8 a.m., many kids began to e___3___ me. To my surprise, I began looking forward to seeing their bright faces as well. They were always enthusiastic (热情) about learning. My heart warmed every time I heard their eager voices asking me for a story or an answer to a q___4___. I felt valued and irreplaceable.
As I look back, I see the influence that these special children have had on me. It is because of them that I have developed a desire to b___5___ a psychologist (心理学家). Recently, I have volunteered for a month. I have been asked to help out on many different floors besides the waiting room where I started. The kids on the floors above are u___6___ there for a longer time. Despite their anxiety and desire to get better and go home, they always offer me an optimistic (乐观的) smile. I feel renewed about taking a day with them because I realize that there is much more to life than money. It is much more i___7___to love and to be loved.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. ________ 5. _________ 6. _________ 7. _________
答案：
I. ABABC DBA
II. 1. consideration 2. Briefly 3. decision 4. agreement 5. editor
III. 1. didn’t hold 2. It is 3. won’t it 4. What a 5. won’t, unless
IV. DCAABC
V. 1. agree 2. beginning 3. expect 4. question 5. become / be 6. usually 7. important
一、知识点整理
1. We held a meeting after school. 放学后我们召开了一次会议。
hold a meeting的意思是“召开会议”，与have a meeting 意思相近，但是hold a meeting更强调“召开，发起”。另外，我们也可以用被动语态be held来表示“被举行”，相当于take place。如：The birthday party will be held next Friday evening. = The birthday party will take place next Friday evening. 这个生日聚会将在下周五晚举行。
2. Tony suggested that we should choose Joyce, because she has experience. 托尼建议我们选择乔伊斯，因为她有经验。
（1） suggest的意思是“建议”，用情态动词would + suggest可以表示委婉的语气。另外，suggest表示“建议”时，其宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，形式是“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。如：We suggested that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher. 我们建议他去向老师道歉。
（2） experience是名词，有两种情况：表示“经验”时，为不可数名词，有抽象意义；而表示“经历”时，为可数名词，指具体的某一次或几次。如：Have you got any experience 你有工作经验吗？Please tell us about your experiences in Africa. 请跟我们谈谈你在非洲的经历。
3. Then k charge of the meeting. 然后，乔伊斯主持会议。
句中take charge of的意思是“主管，负责”，相当于be in charge of。另外要注意：be in the charge of的意思是“在……的管理下”。如：
A new teacher will take charge of the class. 一位新教师将要接管这个班级。
The bus was in the charge of the driver. 这辆公共汽车由这位司机管理。
4. She said that we ought to elect a secretary next. 她说接下来我们应该选举一名秘书。
ought to表示“应当，应该”，是提建议型情态动词，常用来劝告别人去做某事，没有人称和数的变化。其否定式为 ought not to do 或 oughtn’t to do，一般疑问句将ought 提到句首。如： You oughtn’t to have stopped on the motorway. 你不该在快车道上停车。
5. Joyce told them to talk it over among themselves. 乔伊斯告诉他们自己讨论一下这件事情。
(1) tell是动词，意为“告诉”，tell sb. to do sth. 表示“叫某人做某事”，与ask sb. to do sth.意思相近。如果要表示否定含义，则用tell sb. not to do sth.或ask sb. not to do sth.，意为“叫某人不要做某事”。如： What did I tell you not to do 我叫你不要去做什么？
I’ll ask them to be quiet. 我会让他们安静些。
(2) talk over在句中意为“讨论”，相当于discuss，我们可以用talk over sth. with sb.来表示“和某人讨论某事”。如：
I have an important matter to talk over with you. 我有一件重要的事要和你商量。
6. Pansy asked whether we could call it the Mayfield Sun. 潘西问我们是否可以给它取名为Mayfield Sun。
(1) 本句中whether we could call it the Mayfield Sun在动词ask后面，作宾语从句。我们要注意宾语从句中的引导词，如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that （在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if / whether，意为“是否”；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用特殊疑问词。如：
He told me that he would go to college the next year. 他告诉我他明年要去上大学。
Nobody knew whether / if he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁应该了解些什么。
(2) 虽然if和whether都可以用于宾语从句，意为“是否”，但是whether引导的从句可以与or not连用，而if不能。如：
The point is whether we should recommend him or not. 问题是我们应否推荐他。
7. Joyce said that we should think about this a bit longer. 乔伊斯说我们应该考虑得久一点。
在句中，a bit用来修饰后面的比较级longer，表示“一点”，相当于a little。修饰比较级的词还有：even, still， much, far等。如：
We will be a much better football team next year. 明年我们将会成为一支更好的足球队。
8. We arranged to have the next meeting in one week’s time. 我们将下一次会议安排在一周以后。
在表示所有格时，单数名词和词尾不带s的复数名词都直接加’s，如遇到词尾带s的复数名词只加’。 如：ten minutes’ walk 步行十分钟的路程
二、练习
I. Choose the best answer
( ) 1. English is _________ useful language in the world.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 2. The police said the truck driver should be responsible _________ the accident.
A. on B. for C. by D. from
( ) 3. Soon the locusts (蝗虫) came down and started _________ everything.
A. eating B. eat C. ate D. eaten
( ) 4. The teacher found it difficult to make a choice _________ these students.
A. between B. among C. over D. under
( ) 5. The woman decided _________ the good servant.
A. to believe not B. don’t believe C. to believe D. to not believe
( ) 6. He called on his friend in order to talk over his problem. The underlined phrase means “_________”.
A. put on B. deal with C. hold D. discuss
( ) 7. —Ought we to write a report about our meeting for the headmaster
—No, you _________.
A. ought to B. ought not to C. ought to not D. not ought to
( ) 8. There are over _________ on the bookshelf
in my room.
A. two thousand books B. two thousands books
C. two thousand of books D. two thousands of books
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:
1. After a few moments’ _________, he began to speak. (consider)
2. _________, no less than nine of our agents have passed information to us. (brief)
3. It’s a difficult _________ for any doctor. (decide)
4. An _________ was finally reached between management and employees. (agree)
5. He has got a job as an _________ of a trade journal. (edit)
IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required:
1. Our school held a sports meeting at the end of last year. （改为否定句）
Our school _________ _________ a sports meeting at the end of last year.
2. To understand what he is saying is too difficult. （保持句意基本不变）
_________ _________ too difficult to understand what he is saying.
3. The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon. （改为反意疑问句）
The meeting will begin at half past two in the afternoon, _________ _________
4. The beach is a nice place for tourists. （改为感叹句）
_________ _________ nice place the beach is for tourists!
5. Choose the perfect grapes only, or you won’t be able to make the best wine. （保持句意不变）
You _________ be able to make the best wine _________ you choose the perfect grapes only.
IV. Choose the right words
Summer vacation is the most awaited time in a student’s life. It is time to relax and explore the world around us.
I visited Bulgaria last summer holidays, where I went with my good friend. At the ___1___ of the first day we were having a great time, you know, no work. Spending the whole day on the beach was really relaxing. Everything was going in the best way, except for the coming evening.
When it became much colder outside, we decided to buy something to eat. I left our bags in front of the hotel and my friend Gosia asked our teachers to ___2___ at our belongings once in a while. Having ensured they were safe, we finally went to the nearest shop.
When we came back, it seemed nobody remembered about our bags, in which we had our cosmetics and clothes! Members of the camp as well as teachers went into the hotel, leaving our bags alone. ___3___, Gosia and I ran towards the front of the building only to find Gosia’s bag was in the right place while mine disappeared!
My teachers were really ashamed about the ___4___ they had forgotten about my luggage. So not only were they really helpful, but they also did their best to find the stealer and my bag.
Firstly I was really stressed and I thought it would ruin my great holidays as I had thought but fortunately both my bag and the stealer were ___5___ the next d ay!
So that is my funny story. Did you have any adventures, maybe even some ___6___ to mine If yes, I hope it ended as well as mine did!
( ) 1. A. shopping B. living C. crossing D. beginning
( ) 2. A. have dinner B. have a bath C. have a look D. have a good time
( ) 3. A. Immediately B. Carefully C. Seriously D. Unfortunately
( ) 4. A. fact B. work C. joke D. hope
( ) 5. A. dropped B. found C. returned D. reported
( ) 6. A. familiar B. different C. similar D. generous
V. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words:
Winston Churchill once said, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” I completely a___1___ with him.
I have been volunteering at the Boston Children’s Hospital every year since I was thirteen. At the b___2___, I only wanted to go because I would get praise for entertaining children at the hospital. After giving my time for two months, my opinion changed completely.
When I first stepped into the waiting room on the ground floor, I was not sure that I would be spending my entire summer with kids. As it became routine for me to show up every day at 8 a.m., many kids began to e___3___ me. To my surprise, I began looking forward to seeing their bright faces as well. They were always enthusiastic (热情) about learning. My heart warmed every time I heard their eager voices asking me for a story or an answer to a q___4___. I felt valued and irreplaceable.
As I look back, I see the influence that these special children have had on me. It is because of them that I have developed a desire to b___5___ a psychologist (心理学家). Recently, I have volunteered for a month. I have been asked to help out on many different floors besides the waiting room where I started. The kids on the floors above are u___6___ there for a longer time. Despite their anxiety and desire to get better and go home, they always offer me an optimistic (乐观的) smile. I feel renewed about taking a day with them because I realize that there is much more to life than money. It is much more i___7___to love and to be loved.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. ________ 5. _________ 6. _________ 7. _________
答案：
I. ABABC DBA
II. 1. consideration 2. Briefly 3. decision 4. agreement 5. editor
III. 1. didn’t hold 2. It is 3. won’t it 4. What a 5. won’t, unless
IV. DCAABC
V. 1. agree 2. beginning 3. expect 4. question 5. become / be 6. usually 7. important