备战2024年高考英语名校真题零失误规范训练》（山东专用）
专题04 阅读理解七选五最新真题模拟16篇（干货+模拟）
解析版
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
七选五解题步骤
一、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。
二、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。
三、定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。
根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
四、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。
在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
五、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
七选五思维导图
（2024·山东济南·一模）Risks of Overtraining
Getting in shape and training for an event such as a marathon requires long-lasting and intense physical commitment. 1 But the truth is, sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits.
Specifically, overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout. 2 People tend to ignore them. Over time, the cycle of starting the next training session before allowing recovery causes breakdown of the very parts of the body that you work so hard to build up.
The structures and systems of your body adapt to the demands you have placed on them before the rest time. If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability, it will adapt toward what you did in a positive way. 3
Two main factors are necessary in recovery: nutrition. and rest. Good nutrition, including water and protein intake, is extremely important, especially within 40 minutes of your workout. 4 Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, to strengthen.
One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate. 5 Generally, you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up. Tracking it in a log can be a great way to monitor your recovery.
A．It's easy to measure and track.
B．Allowing time for recovery is also essential.
C．The problem is that they show up very gradually.
D．Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining.
E．Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals.
F．If far beyond, it'll take longer to adapt and may cause injury.
G．We generally assume regular intense exercise good for our health.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过度训练的风险。
1．根据下文“But the truth is, sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits.(但事实是，有时我们为了健康而做的事情实际上会让我们超越身体的极限)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明人们关于高强度运动队健康的一般看法。故G选项“我们通常认为有规律的高强度运动对我们的健康有益。”切题。故选G项。
2．根据上文“Specifically, overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout.(具体来说，过度训练是当你的身体无法在下一次锻炼前充分恢复时出现的一系列迹象)”以及下文“People tend to ignore them.(人们往往会忽略它们)”可知，迹象出现的较为缓慢。故C选项“问题是，它们的出现非常缓慢”切题。故选C项。
3．根据上文“If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability, it will adapt toward what you did in a positive way.(如果你的锻炼稍微超出了你目前的能力，它会以一种积极的方式适应你所做的)”可知，选项承接上文说明锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，会导致的结果。故B选项“如果锻炼严重超出了你目前的能力，需要更长的时间来适应，并可能导致受伤。”切题。故选B项。
4．根据下文“Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, to strengthen.(你的身体会利用你在休息时间给它的营养，尤其是要加强睡眠)”可知，要给恢复留出时间。故B选项“留出恢复的时间也很重要”切题。故选B项。
5．根据上文“One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate.(防止过度训练的最好方法之一是关注你的晨间静息心率)”及下文“Generally, you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up.(一般来说，在其他迹象出现之前，你会发现心率的增加)”可知，心率很容易测量和跟踪。故A选项“它很容易测量和跟踪”切题。故选A项。
（2024·山东潍坊·一模）It’s not so long ago that contactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technology is already old-hat. The new, better way to pay for things in shops By using your phone to make a contactless payment.
Because traditionally, when you have paid with a card tap (轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details. 6 And this could be a problem — it means that if the shop is hacked (侵入) or plays fast and loose with its data, you could find your card number exposed to the world.
However, when you tap to pay with your device, it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead. So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money. 7 That is to say, phone payments are smarter.
8 If a pickpocket steals your card they can immediately use up the money. But if they get your phone, when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check-it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face, to check that you are who you say you are.
9 Because of this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than for contactless cards. In the UK, it’s around 100 for most retailers-though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone.
Want to give it a try To actually set things up, go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions. 10 Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank. Usually you receive a text message with a special code on it. And then, well, you’re done. When you pay, hold your phone over the payment machine, and pay for your goods!
A．It helps to build the client list.
B．The setup process varies with banks.
C．No one needs to share any sensitive data.
D．It’s also more effective against the threat of thefts.
E．And phone payments are increasingly convenient too.
F．Typically this starts by scanning your card with your phone.
G．Therefore, it knows which bank account to take the money from.
【答案】6．G 7．C 8．D 9．E 10．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了非接触式手机支付的好处以及设置方式。
6．上文“Because traditionally, when you have paid with a card tap (轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details.(因为传统上，当你用刷卡或刷卡机付款时，最终你购买的商店会记下你所有的信用卡细节)”描述原因，空处应是接着说结果，G项“因此，它知道从哪个银行账户取钱”符合语境，故选G。
7．根据上文“However, when you tap to pay with your device, it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead. So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money.(然而，当你用你的设备点击支付时，它会为这笔交易生成一个唯一的ID号并发送。所以你可以支付你的商品，商店可以得到你的钱)”可知，支付时形成的ID一次性的也是是唯一的，因此个人信息不会或数据不会被分享出去。C项“没有人需要分享任何敏感数据”符合语境，故选C。
8．根据本段内容“But if they get your phone, when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check — it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face, to check that you are who you say you are.(但如果他们拿到了你的手机，当手机开始支付时，它通常会进行生物识别检查——它会要求你提供指纹或使用摄像头查看你的脸，以检查你是否就是你所说的那个人)”可知，本段是说手机支付能防止盗刷钱财，D项“它还能更有效地抵御盗窃威胁”符合语境，故选D。
9．根据空后“Because of this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than for contactless cards. In the UK, it’s around 100 for most retailers — though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone. (由于这种增加的安全性，限额通常高于非接触式卡。在英国，对大多数零售商来说，这大约是100英镑——尽管一些商店，包括大多数超市，你只需点击一下手机就可以花更多的钱)”可知，本段是说手机支付的便捷，E项“手机支付也越来越方便”符合语境，故选E。
10．根据上文“To actually set things up, go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions.(要真正设置，请进入钱包应用程序并按照说明进行设置)”及下文“Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank.(然后，它会自动识别这些号码，并与你的银行联系)”可知，空处是描述设置手机支付的第一步，F项“这通常是从用手机扫描信用卡开始的”符合语境，故选F。
（2024·山东聊城·一模）Have you ever paused to see clouds when you rush to your destination There’s a group of passionate “treasure finders” dedicated to observing and capturing the beauty in the sky cloud spotters.
Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky. 11
Ji Yun, 36, is an expert in cloud spotting. He set up a WeChat group to gather together people with similar hobbies in 2013. As the number of group members continued to grow, Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China, forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019. 12
Power comes in numbers. Three years after the association was formed, cloud enthusiasts from all over China had collected every kind of cloud in the International Cloud Atlas, a reference by the World Meteorological Organization.
13 Cloud spotting, in fact, is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we’ve become blind to. “You’re not going to be worrying too much about what formation it is and why it looks the way it does.” Gavin Pretor-Pinney, founder of the Cloud Appreciation Society, told Atlas Obscura.
Indeed, Jiang Xinwei in Jilin finds cloud spotting relaxing. Even though she is going through her toughest school year in grade 12, Jiang maintains this hobby as a short break from her heavy schoolwork. “Observing the clouds has become a habit for me,” the 17-year-old said. “ 14 .”
“Clouds change in the blink of an eye. 15 ” said Jiang Na, a 25-year-old cloud spotter in Beijing.
A．Currently, there are thousands of people across different groups.
B．This often leads us to think about the relationship between humans and nature.
C．They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names.
D．My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up.
E．But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths.
F．Cloud spotting can also make some people feel blue.
G．When they roll over the sky, I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape.
【答案】11．C 12．A 13．E 14．D 15．G
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是云观测者Ji Yun的故事。
11．空前“Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky.(云观测者采取更严肃的方法来理解天空。)”讲的是云观测者的工作，空格处应该继续说云观测者还要干什么，C选项“They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names.(他们拍摄云的照片，并将它们与云的类型名称相匹配。)”说明了云观测者除了做空前的事情外还做什么，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
12．空前“As the number of group members continued to grow, Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China, forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019.(随着小组成员数量的持续增长，Ji和几位云爱好者在中国不同地区创建了数十个在线小组，并于2019年成立了Sky Enthusiasts Association。)”说明了Sky Enthusiasts Association的成立，空格处应该说这个协会的相关情况，A选项“Currently, there are thousands of people across different groups.(目前，有成千上万的人来自不同的群体。)”说明了协会里有成千上万的人，是关于这个协会的，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
13．空后“Cloud spotting, in fact, is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we’ve become blind to.(事实上，观云是一种邀请，让我们对日常生活中常见的东西感到惊讶，而我们却视而不见。)”说明观云其实很容易做到，也就是不那么困难，E选项“But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths.(但这并不是说所有的云观测者都需要花这么大的力气)”说明云观测者不需要费那么大劲，也就是观云是挺容易做到的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
14．空前“Observing the clouds has become a habit for me(观云已经成为我的习惯)”是Jiang Xinwei在谈论观云对自己的影响，空格处也应该是这方面的内容，D选项“My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up.(当我抬头时，我的烦恼和烦恼似乎都消失了。)”说明的是观云对Jiang Xinwei的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
15．空前“Clouds change in the blink of an eye.(云在眨眼之间变化。)”说明了云变化得很快，是描述云的，空格处也应该是描述云的，G选项“When they roll over the sky, I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape.(当它们在天空翻滚时，我感觉时间的流逝有了具体的形状。)”也是描述云的，说明了云翻滚时作者的感觉，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
（2024·山东德州·一模）French parenting isn’t perfect, but there’s a lot we can learn from this kind but no-nonsense style of parenting.
French children are allowed to handle difficult things themselves. 16 The early years are when they discover all the cool ways their new body works and how to use it. To encourage this autonomy, French parents treat children more like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel confident when they’re able to deal with things on their own.
Fearful of hurting feelings, American parents tend to praise every child for everything. 17 However, all that praise eventually turns out to be pointless. By contrast, French adults give children appropriate praise, thus allowing them to feel a true sense of achievement and take pride in what they learn.
Painful experiences are the best learning opportunities and sheltering children from this fact of life will merely delay their emotional development. French doctors never say “sorry” when giving kids shots. The French believe undergoing hurts, is part of life and that there’s no reason to apologize for that. 18
Plus, the expectation of eye contact and a polite hello starts from the minute French children can say hello. They know saying “hello” and good manners are non-negotiable. Teaching them about that will benefit them for a lifetime. 19 Be patient with little ones as they learn.
All the above feels easier said than done, especially as a tired parent facing an intolerable child. 20 Your efforts will end up with children’s better behaviour overall.
A．They mean what they say.
B．This isn’t to say it’ll come easily.
C．It might save tears in the short term.
D．They wish children to suffer sometimes.
E．Bearing a few blow-ups is worthwhile, though.
F．Parents have to spare them such psychological discomfort.
G．“Me do it!” is little kids’ favorite phrase and for good reason.
【答案】16．G 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了法国的育儿方式。
16．由上文“French children are allowed to handle difficult things themselves. (法国儿童被允许自己处理困难的事情。)”和下文“The early years are when they discover all the cool ways their new body works and how to use it. To encourage this autonomy, French parents treat children more like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel confident when they’re able to deal with things on their own. (在最初的几年里，他们发现了他们的新身体运作的所有很酷的方式以及如何使用它。为了鼓励这种自主性，法国父母对待孩子更像是在接受训练的成年人，而不是无助的婴儿。他们认为，当孩子们能够自己处理事情时，他们会感到自信。)”可知，法国孩子们愿意自己处理困难的事情，故G选项““Me do it!” is little kids’ favorite phrase and for good reason. (“我做！”是小孩子们最喜欢的一句话，这是有充分理由的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
17．由上文“Fearful of hurting feelings, American parents tend to praise every child for everything. (由于害怕伤害孩子的感情，美国父母倾向于在任何事情上表扬每个孩子。)”可知，本空要说这种表扬的后果有关的话题，故C选项“It might save tears in the short term. (这可能在短期内挽救眼泪。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
18．由上文“Painful experiences are the best learning opportunities and sheltering children from this fact of life will merely delay their emotional development. French doctors never say “sorry” when giving kids shots. The French believe undergoing hurts, is part of life and that there’s no reason to apologize for that. (痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，让孩子们逃避生活中的这一事实只会延迟他们的情感发展。法国医生在给孩子打针时从不说“对不起”。法国人认为，经历伤害是生活的一部分，没有理由为此道歉。)”可知，痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，经历伤害是生活的一部分，所以他们希望孩子们有时受苦，故D选项“They wish children to suffer sometimes. (他们希望孩子们有时受苦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
19．由上文“Plus, the expectation of eye contact and a polite hello starts from the minute French children can say hello. They know saying “hello” and good manners are non-negotiable. Teaching them about that will benefit them for a lifetime. (此外，从法国孩子会打招呼的那一刻起，他们就开始期待眼神交流和礼貌的问候。他们知道说“你好”和礼貌是不容置疑的。教会他们这些将使他们受益终生。)”和下文“Be patient with little ones as they learn. (在孩子学习的过程中对他们要有耐心。)”可知，教会他们这些并不容易，所以要有耐心，故B选项“This isn’t to say it’ll come easily. (这并不是说它会来得容易。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
20．由下文“Your efforts will end up with children’s better behaviour overall. (你的努力最终会让孩子们表现得更好。)”可知，这些努力是值得的，故E选项“Bearing a few blow-ups is worthwhile, though. (不过，承受几次发脾气是值得的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
（2024·山东菏泽·一模）How to Build Resilience
Resilience (适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity. 21 Whether it’s learning how to be resilient at work or how to be resilient to stress, use these strategies as a starting point for your resilience-building journey.
Nurture strong relationships
22 Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems.
23
Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience. A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness. Start to improve your health by integrating a simple exercise routine into your daily schedule, like a 30-minute stroll or a short yoga session. By taking care of yourself, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life’s challenges.
Discover your purpose
A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation, especially during tough times. Consider what goals you have, whether little or large. These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused. Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life. 24
Develop problem-solving skills
Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem. 25 By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges.
A．Prioritize physical health
B．Activate positive emotion
C．It’s important to have people you can trust.
D．It can be developed and enhanced over time.
E．Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.
F．Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems.
G．It means the difference between handling pressure and losing your cool.
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 24．E 25．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。旨在指导读者如何建立适应力。
21．根据上文“Resilience(适应力)is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity.( 韧性是一种至关重要的技能，可以帮助我们面对生活的不可预测性，并在逆境中茁壮成长)”和后文列举的提高适应力的策略可知，空处最有可能指出适应力是可以随着时间的推移而发展和提高的，与D项“It can be developed and enhanced over time(它可以随着时间的推移而发展和增强)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
22．根据下文“Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis(在危机时刻，身边有关心和支持你的人是一个保护因素)”可知，拥有可信任的人是很重要的，与C项“It’s important to have people you can trust(拥有可以信任的人是很重要的)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
23．空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience.(你的身体健康状况会显著影响你的恢复力)”可知，身体健康对于建立适应力是非常重要的，与A项“Prioritize physical health(优先考虑身体健康)”符合题意，故选A项。
24．空处位于段末，应承接上文，根据上文“Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life(写下你想在生活中完成的事情的清单)”可知，空处最后可能提到如何处理这张清单，与E项“Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.( 把这份清单保存在安全的地方，并定期评估你的进步。)”表达的含义一致，this list指上文的a list。故选E项。
25．根据上文“Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem.( 每当你遇到新的挑战时，集思广益，找出一些可能解决问题的方法)”以及下文“By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges(通过定期练习解决问题的技能，你将更好地准备应对出现的严重挑战)”可知，此处上下文说的是要学会使用多种办法解决问题，磨练自己的解决问题能力，与F项“Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems.(尝试使用不同的策略来解决常见问题。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
（2024·山东临沂·一模）Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. 26 Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. 27 “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. 28
Covington started with a small community garden. 29 One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.
30 On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A．But if he planted stuff, they might not.
B．It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C．He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.
D．Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E．And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F．He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G．What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
【答案】26．B 27．C 28．A 29．E 30．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了社区领袖Mark Covington变废为宝，建农场助邻，社区由此焕发新生。
26．根据上文“Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning.(Mark Covington是底特律乔治亚街社区集体组织的创始人，他站在自家城市农场的一角，呼吸着清晨的新鲜空气)”及下文“Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun.(清晨，绿色的庄稼，如西红柿、卷心菜、茄子等，沐浴在金色之中，仿佛被太阳浇灌过)”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象，B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨场景”符合语境，故选B。
27．根据上文“In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.(2007年，Covington失去了工作，回到了儿时的街道)”以及下文“‘It was dirty,’ he said.(‘很脏，’他说)”可知，此处是说Covington回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象，C项“他看到垃圾堆在空的、废弃的空地上”符合语境，故选C。
28．上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again.(他知道如果他把它们清理干净，人们又会把它们堆起来)”提到，Covington意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了，A项“但如果他种一些东西，他们可能就不会（堆积）”符合语境，故选A。
29．上文“Covington started with a small community garden.(Covington从一个小的社区花园开始)”提到Covington开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.(一位母亲让三个孩子帮他建了一个更大的花园，孩子们可以在那里种食物，在夏天保持忙碌，并为他们的生活增添一些安排)”可知，邻居们和Covington一起种植社区花园，E项“邻居们几乎立刻就开始要求参与进来”符合语境，故选E。
30．结合下文“On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.(在一个角落里：一个电影屏幕和一个有蔬菜和花坛的公共花园。在另一个角落：一个农场和一个社区中心在一栋楼里。附近是大蒜床和温室)”可知，文章最后描述了Covington的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。因此，选项G“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方”最能概括文章结尾部分的内容。故选G。
（2024·山东淄博·一模）The Power of Peers
Do birds of a feather really flock together People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them. Many behaviors spread socially. Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around. 31 You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits — and motivate others to do the same.
32 Teens are especially responsive to peer influence. At the same time, the reward system in the teen brain becomes extra sensitive. Teens are just learning to explore the social world. Understanding other people’s values and being influenced by them are important parts of socializing.
A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risk-taking tendencies of teenagers. Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others. 33 But it’s also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others.
It’s the quality of friendships — not quantity — that really makes the difference. Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality. 34 High quality friendships provide understanding, support, and recognition of your self-worth. These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying.
Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people. Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people, we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves. 35
A．Adolescence is such a risky period.
B．That can affect what you choose to do.
C．Peer pressure can sometimes lead to competition.
D．People care about what others think across all different age groups.
E．They are linked to poor academic performance and behavioral issues.
F．Sharing your healthy habits could also make a real difference to others.
G．The number of friends you have determines your level of social influence.
【答案】31．B 32．D 33．A 34．E 35．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了同龄人的力量，青少年可以利用这种社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯。
31．上文“People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them. (人们确实倾向于选择与自己相似的朋友)”和“Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around. (当其他人在身边时，某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化)”讲志趣相投的朋友在身边，你的某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化，该空应该承接上文讲发生变化后会产生什么样的结果，才能引出下文“You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits — and motivate others to do the same. (你可以利用社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯，并激励他人也这样做)”讲人们可以选择利用此类社会关系的力量改变自己、于自己有益， B选项“这会影响你的选择。”切合语境。故选B项。
32．由下文“Teens are especially responsive to peer influence. (青少年对同伴的影响特别敏感)”和常识可知，人敏感是因为在意别人的看法，结合下文出现了“青少年”，该空应该引出各年龄阶段都会有因在意别人看法而变得敏感的人的内容，D选项“不同年龄段的人都关心别人的想法。”切合语境。故选D项。
33．由上文“A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risk-taking tendencies of teenagers. Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others. (一项研究表明，即使身边有另一个同伴，也会改变大脑中的奖励反应，以及青少年的冒险倾向。有些人似乎比其他人更容易受到影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感)”可知，青少年有冒险倾向，易受影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感，这都是在讲青少年时期不好的地方，A选项“青春期是一个非常危险的时期。”切合语境，与下文“But it’s also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others. (但如果同伴的影响能让青少年更多地参与社区或帮助他们学习与他人相处的行为，那么同伴的影响也能帮助他们茁壮成长)”讲青少年也能成为积极力量形成对比。故选A项。
34．结合下文“High quality friendships provide understanding, support, and recognition of your self-worth. These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying. (高质量的友谊提供对自我价值的理解、支持和认可。这些类型的友谊更稳定、更令人满意)”描述了什么是高质量的友谊，可推知该空应该承接上文“Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality. (你觉得想要放弃的友谊可能质量很低)”讲低质量的友谊是怎么样的，E选项“它们与学习成绩不佳和行为问题有关。”切合语境，上下文形成对比。故选E项。
35．由上文“Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people. Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people, we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves. (与朋友共度时光对人们尤其有帮助。注意到我们的行为受到他人的影响，我们可以有意识地把注意力集中在那些正在做我们想做的事情的人身上)”可知，同龄人相处有积极作用，青少年可以通过相处交流对他人产生影响，F选项“分享你的健康习惯也会对他人产生真正的影响。”切合语境。故选F项。
（2024·山东青岛·一模）When you think of your closest friends, who will come to your mind Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbor you played with as a child. Regardless of how you met these people, they most likely have one key thing in common: 36 A 2023 study found that, for those aged 21 to 30, over 80 percent in their social circles, were born within five years of them. Moreover, nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them.
Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation and increase our loneliness. These limitations also keep us from other generations’ mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection. 37 Of course, the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years.
A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it. 38 Dawn Carr, a sociology professor, said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology, for instance—their younger friends offered. 39 Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”.
40 Lila, aged 75, was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression, for which the young was grateful. Also, older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like. If someone’s parents are the only older people they know well, they might fail to picture other possibilities. A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint.
A．You befriend those who live around.
B．They’re all roughly the same age as you.
C．Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas.
D．Brought closer, both see more than one benefit.
E．Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves.
F．Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today.
G．Indeed, intergenerational relationship is never a one-way street.
【答案】36．B 37．E 38．D 39．C 40．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了老年人和年轻人交朋友给双方都会带来的好处。
36．根据上文“Regardless of how you met these people, they most likely have one key thing in common (不管你是怎么认识这些人的，他们很可能有一个关键的共同点)”以及后文“A 2023 study found that, for those aged 21 to 30, over 80 percent in their social circles, were born within five years of them. Moreover, nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them. (2023年的一项研究发现，对于21岁至30岁的人来说，社交圈中超过80%的人是在5年内出生的。此外，近63%的成年人没有比自己大或小15岁的亲密朋友。)”可知，本句主要说明上文提到的共同点是什么，结合后文的研究可知这些人都年纪接近。故B选项“他们都和你差不多大。”符合语境，故选B。
37．根据后文“Of course, the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years. (当然，那些年龄较大的可能会让我们对未来几年有一个简要的了解。)”可知，后文提到了年龄大的朋友会让我们了解未来，与此对应的，可知本句是正在说明年轻的朋友会让我们想起过去。故E选项“年轻的朋友可以提醒你过去的自己。”符合语境，故选E。
38．根据上文“A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it. (一个在老年中心外开办学校的项目对此做了很多介绍。)”以及后文“Dawn Carr, a sociology professor, said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology, for instance—their younger friends offered. (社会学教授道恩 卡尔说，大多数老年人从年轻朋友提供的实际帮助中获益良多，比如新技术。)”可知，本句主要说明项目介绍了老年人和年轻人相处会得到好处。故D选项“拉近距离，两者都看到了不止一个好处。”符合语境，故选D。
39．根据后文“Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”. (和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，绝对可以减轻他们“表现得像同龄人”的压力。)”可知，后文提到了年纪大的人和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心，可以减轻心理压力，即心理层面的好处。故C选项“其他人可能会从接触新思想中找到乐趣。”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据本段内容“Lila, aged 75, was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression, for which the young was grateful. Also, older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like. If someone’s parents are the only older people they know well, they might fail to picture other possibilities. A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint. (75岁的莱拉很自豪，她的生活经历使她能够给患有抑郁症的年轻朋友提供建议，年轻人对此很感激。此外，年长的朋友提供了更多成长的例子。如果某人的父母是他们唯一熟悉的老年人，他们可能无法想象其他可能性。更多的年长朋友可以帮助年轻人创造自己的蓝图。)”结合上文主要论述了年轻人给老年人带来的好处，后文则主要提到了老年人对年轻人的好处，可知带来的好处不是单向的。故G选项“的确，代际关系从来不是单行道。”符合语境，故选G。
（2024·山东泰安·一模）“Rise to Glory” is an incredibly inspiring film that unfolds the gripping (扣人心弦的) tale of a loser’s journey to greatness. 41 It takes them on an emotional rollercoaster, mixing moments of success with heart-breaking setbacks.
The cinematography, the technique of making films for the cinema, in “Rise to Glory” deserves special mention. 42 The director’s ability to perfectly combine intense action sequences (镜头) with quiet moments of reflection adds a layer of depth to the storytelling.
43 Each character faces their own set of challenges, contributing to the overall theme of growth and resilience (适应力). The supporting cast delivers exceptional performances, filling the story with authenticity and depth. The strong connection among the cast members is noticeable, increasing the appeal of the characters’ journeys.
The soundtrack of “Rise to Glory” is a standout feature. It perfectly makes up the on- screen events, creating an immersive (沉浸式的) experience for the audience. 44
“Rise to Glory” leaves a powerful impression on the viewer. It is a must-watch for anyone who wants to get motivated. The movie delivers a profound message of perseverance and self- discovery, presented with a heartfelt sincerity. 45 It’s an emotional journey that attracts from beginning to end. Its exceptional cinematography, compelling characters, and impactful soundtrack come together to create a cinematic masterpiece that will undoubtedly stand the test of time.
A．The soundtrack features a collection of music.
B．In summary, “Rise to Glory” is more than just a film.
C．The visuals are attractive, deepening the emotional impact.
D．The movie attracts the audience from the beginning to the end.
E．The music adds not only emotion but also depth to the storytelling.
F．What sets this film apart is its well-developed and relatable characters.
G．The film lacks a dramatic emotional journey, leaving viewers unaffected.
【答案】41．D 42．C 43．F 44．E 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Rise to Glory这部鼓舞人心的电影。
41．上文““Rise to Glory” is an incredibly inspiring film that unfolds the gripping tale of a loser’s journey to greatness.(《走向荣耀》是一部令人难以置信的鼓舞人心的电影，讲述了一个失败者走向伟大的扣人心弦的故事)”以及下文“It takes them on an emotional rollercoaster, mixing moments of success with heart-breaking setbacks.(这让他们的情绪如过山车，将成功的时刻与令人心碎的挫折交织在一起)”说明本段介绍了《走向荣耀》这部电影鼓舞人心，电影使得人们的情绪发生变化，D项“这部电影从头到尾都吸引着观众。”说明电影吸引观众，影响观众的情绪，承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
42．上文“The cinematography, the technique of making films for the cinema, in “Rise to Glory” deserves special mention.(《走向荣耀》中的电影摄影，即为电影制作电影的技巧，值得一提)”说明电影制作的技巧很好，以及下文“The director’s ability to perfectly combine intense action sequences with quiet moments of reflection adds a layer of depth to the storytelling.(导演将紧张的动作场面与安静的反思时刻完美结合的能力为故事增添了一层深度)”说明电影中的动作场面和反思时刻完美结合，这使得电影故事的深度加深，C项“视觉效果吸引人，加深了情感冲击。”承上启下，说明电影的视觉效果增加了电影的深度，加深情感冲击。故选C。
43．下文“Each character faces their own set of challenges, contributing to the overall theme of growth and resilience. The supporting cast delivers exceptional performances, filling the story with authenticity and depth. The strong connection among the cast members is noticeable, increasing the appeal of the characters’ journeys.(每个角色都面临着自己的一系列挑战，为成长和适应力的整体主题做出贡献。配角们贡献了出色的表演，使故事充满了真实性和深度。演员之间的紧密联系显而易见，增加了角色旅程的吸引力)”说明电影中的每个角色都表现得很好，F项中characters是关键词，F项“这部电影的与众不同之处在于它的人物形象发展得很好，很有亲和力。”引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
44．上文“The soundtrack of “Rise to Glory” is a standout feature. It perfectly makes up the on- screen events, creating an immersive experience for the audience.(《走向荣耀》的配乐是一个突出的特色。它完美地构成了屏幕上的事件，为观众创造了身临其境的体验)”说明电影中的配乐也是电影的突出特点，E项中The music是关键词，E项“音乐不仅给故事增添了情感，而且给故事增加了深度。”进一步说明电影中音乐的作用，符合题意。故选E。
45．上文“The movie delivers a profound message of perseverance and self- discovery, presented with a heartfelt sincerity.(这部电影传达了一个深刻的信息，毅力和自我发现，呈现出发自内心的真诚)”以及下文“It’s an emotional journey that attracts from beginning to end. Its exceptional cinematography, compelling characters, and impactful soundtrack come together to create a cinematic masterpiece that will undoubtedly stand the test of time.(这是一段从头到尾都吸引人的情感之旅。它非凡的摄影技术、引人入胜的角色和富有影响力的配乐结合在一起，创造了一部毫无疑问经得起时间考验的电影杰作)”说明《走向荣耀》这部电影除了电影本身传达的信息外，还体现了情感、摄影技术、角色和配乐方面的优异，B项“总之，《走向荣耀》不仅仅是一部电影。”总结上文内容，并引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
（2024·山东济宁·一模）
Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 46 So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it.
47 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.
48 Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. 49 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.
Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 50 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable.
A．Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts.
B．It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK.
C．There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling.
D．Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses.
E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious.
F．Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word.
G．The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps.
【答案】46．D 47．B 48．G 49．A 50．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。
46．根据上文“Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.(最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记)”可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项“从哪里开始和没有足够的时间是最主要的回答”符合语境，故选D。
47．根据上一段“So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介绍一个非常简单的工具——微动轮。它会帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你真的不喜欢它)”后文“She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她描述了创造这种方法，以便她可以将其作为写作项目和目标的创造性规划工具。虽然它最初是针对作家的，但您可以使用此技术以有趣和创造性的方式帮助您完成任何项目)”可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的MicroMOVEment是谁提出的，B选项SARK对应后文She。故B选项“它是国际畅销书作家SARK的创意”符合语境，故选B。
48．根据后文“Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)”以及后文“So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. (所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故G选项“这种方法的妙处是把你的行动分解成最微小的步骤”符合语境，故选G。
49．根据上文“Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)”以及后文“These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故A选项“接下来，把剩下的圆分成8等份”符合语境，故选A。
50．根据上文“Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(假设你刚开始写日记。每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历)”以及后文“The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来)”可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故F选项“然后，列出与这个词相关的单词、图像或想法”符合语境，故选F。
（23-24高三下·山东济南·开学考试）The Joys of College
Often, we college students complain endlessly about all of the things we hate about college. And sure, college is really stressful and there are some aspects I don’t like. 51
The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me. 52 In college, learning doesn’t feel like a chore (苦差事) to me any more because I actually get to design my schedule to my interests.
The community at the university is also very important to me. We are all suffering here but we are all suffering together. 53 I know I can complain to any fellow college student about the stress my assignments are causing and they will always understand.
54 The campus parties, holiday markets, and concerts give us something to look forward to as we struggle our way through our classes. And a variety of club activities—like the Campus Times—make college life all the more exciting.
The university presents us with so many unique opportunities as well. We are encouraged to study abroad, which allows students to experience student life in another country and dive into other cultures in the process. 55 Students maybe even land a job prior to graduation.
So although there are a lot of negatives of college—and I mean a lot—there are also a lot of positives. I know that when I graduate, I’m going to miss being a college student.
A．After all, college can be very demanding.
B．The fun activities and clubs are also a plus.
C．But for once, I’d like to focus on the positives.
D．Here, there are so many different fields to study.
E．Additionally, being a trainee is a great way to get experience.
F．The college experience can get bearable due to this community.
G．It isn’t like high school where you’re required to take the same classes.
【答案】51．C 52．G 53．F 54．B 55．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大学的积极因素。
51．由上文“Often, we college students complain endlessly about all of the things we hate about college. And sure, college is really stressful and there are some aspects I don’t like. (我们大学生常常没完没了地抱怨我们讨厌大学的所有事情。当然，大学生活压力很大，有些方面我不喜欢。)”可知，本空要说跟“对大学的感受”有关的话题，由后文“The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me. (作为一名大学生，我真正享受的第一件事是我可以上我真正感兴趣的课程。)”可知，本句要表达大学中的感觉好的事情，故C选项“But for once, I’d like to focus on the positives. (但这一次，我想把重点放在积极的方面。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
52．由上文“The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me. (作为一名大学生，我真正享受的第一件事是我可以上我真正感兴趣的课程。)”可知，本空要说跟“大学课程”有关的话题，故G选项“It isn’t like high school where you’re required to take the same classes. (这不像高中要求你上同样的课。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
53．由上文“The community at the university is also very important to me. We are all suffering here but we are all suffering together. (大学里的社团对我来说也很重要。我们都在受苦，但我们是一起受苦的。)”可知，本空要说跟“大学里的社团”有关的话题，故F选项“The college experience can get bearable due to this community. (由于有了这个社团，大学的经历是可以忍受的。)”能承接上文，符合题意。G项中的“community”与空前的“community”相对应。故选F。
54．由下文“The campus parties, holiday markets, and concerts give us something to look forward to as we struggle our way through our classes. And a variety of club activities ——like the Campus Times——make college life all the more exciting. (校园聚会、假日市场和音乐会让我们在努力学习的过程中有所期待。各种各样的社团活动——比如《校园时报》——使大学生活更加精彩。)”可知，本空要说跟“活动”有关的话题，故B选项“The fun activities and clubs are also a plus. (有趣的活动和俱乐部也是一个加分项。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。
55．由后文“Students maybe even land a job prior to graduation. (学生甚至可能在毕业前就找到一份工作。)”可知，本空要说跟“大学里的工作”有关的话题，故E选项“Additionally, being a trainee is a great way to get experience. (此外，成为一名实习生是获得经验的好方法。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
（23-24高三下·山东菏泽·开学考试）How to Plan a Surprise Party
●Pick a party theme. 56 They may come up wearing crazy clothes, see everyone else’s, and you will get the chance to use your creativity when it comes to decorations, prizes, and activities. The best part It can be anything: cartoon-themed, colour-themed or costume-themed.
●Pick a place your guests of honour frequents to avoid suspicion (怀疑). If you tell your party-persons that you’re heading to the nicest restaurant in town, they’ll know that there’s an occasion. However, if you tell them that you’re heading to the same restaurant you go to every Thursday night, suspicion will be kept at a minimum. 57
●Pick a date before the actual occasion. If this surprise party is for a birthday, holding a party on the day might be a little hard to turn into an awesome surprise. 58 Besides, choose a date when all of their friends are able to go.
●Choose your guests. 59 Here’s what to consider:
A small group. This is easier to manage, people can keep their mouths shut, and it creates a more warm environment. However, it’s less impressive and more people might be upset that they’re not invited.
A large group. This is harder to manage, the word might slip out, it’s harder to get a space, but in the end, your party-persons might be surprised by seeing everyone they love in one room.
● 60 There are three types of people in this world: those that don’t like surprise parties because they always want to be prepared, those that don’t like surprise parties because they think they’re being forgotten, and those that love a good surprise party in their honour. Make sure your party-persons fall into the third category!
A．So choose a place that seems “normal”.
B．It isn’t much better if something emergent happens.
C．To avoid that, plan something before the actual date.
D．Be sure your guests of honour would want a surprise party.
E．You have two options: a small gathering or a big get-together.
F．An easy way to get guests excited about a party is to give it a theme.
G．The hardest part about a surprise party is making sure your guests don’t find it out.
【答案】56．F 57．A 58．C 59．E 60．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对如何规划一个惊喜派对进行了指导和建议。
56．根据前文“Pick a party theme.(选择一个派对主题。)”可知，此处是指让派对有一个主题是个好主意，所以选项F“让客人对聚会感到兴奋的一个简单方法就是给它一个主题。”切合文意。故选F。
57．根据前文“However, if you tell them that you’re heading to the same restaurant you go to every Thursday night, suspicion will be kept at a minimum.(然而，如果你告诉他们你要去每周四晚上去的同一家餐馆，怀疑就会被降到最低。)”可知，把派对地点选在一个寻常的地方，所以选项A“所以选择一个看起来‘正常’的地方。”切合文意。故选A。
58．根据前文“Pick a date before the actual occasion. If this surprise party is for a birthday, holding a party on the day might be a little hard to turn into an awesome surprise.(在正式场合之前选定一个日期。如果这个惊喜派对是为生日准备的，在生日当天举办派对可能有点难变成一个很棒的惊喜。)”可知，此处是指惊喜派对要安排在正式场合之前，所以选项C“为了避免这种情况，在真正的日期之前计划一些事情。”切合文意。故选C。
59．根据后文“A small group.(一小群人。)”和“A large group.(一大群人。)”可知，此处是指选择一小群人聚会或是一大群人，所以选项E“你有两种选择：小型聚会或大型聚会。”切合文意。故选E。
60．根据后文“There are three types of people in this world: those that don’t like surprise parties because they always want to be prepared, those that don’t like surprise parties because they think they’re being forgotten, and those that love a good surprise party in their honour. Make sure your party-persons fall into the third category!(这个世界上有三种人：一种人不喜欢惊喜派对，因为他们总是想做好准备；另一种人不喜欢惊喜派对，因为他们觉得自己被遗忘了；还有一种人喜欢为自己举办一个惊喜派对。确保你的聚会对象属于第三类！)”可知，此处是指要确保自己的派对客人都喜欢惊喜派对，所以选项D“确保你的贵宾想要一个惊喜派对。”切合文意。故选D。
（2024·山东日照·一模）No matter how friendly your tone is or how honey sweet you are in a conversation, when you use one of these two words (or both) in your sentences, the message to your conversation companion is “You are wrong”. 61 They are “no” and “but”.
These words don’t say, “Let’s discuss this” or “I’d love to hear what you think about this” to people. They say, “You are wrong and I am right.” If your conversation companion is also eager to win at any cost, you will have a potential battle on your hands. The result 62
Are you interested in a little test to see how competitive your co-workers are Try this. For one week, keep a scorecard of how many times each person uses “no” or “but”. 63 And, if you explore a little deeper, you’ll see patterns emerge. For instance, some people use these words to gain power. You’ll see how much people hate it, consciously or not, and how it stifles(抑制)rather than opens up discussions.
64 Practically without even thinking, I keep count of their use of these two little words. It’s such an important indicator! If the numbers pile up in an initial meeting with a client, I’ll interrupt him or her and say, “We’ve been talking for almost an hour now, and do you realize that you have responded 17 times with either ‘no’ or ‘but’ ” This is the moment when a serious talk about changing behavior begins.
If this is your interpersonal challenge, you can do this little test for yourself just as easily as you can to judge your co-workers. Stop trying to defend your position and start monitoring how many times you begin remarks with “no” or “but”. 65 For example That’s true, but...”. Another expression is “Yes, but...”.
A．I use this technique with my clients.
B．Why do people like to say these two words
C．What are these conversation stopping words
D．Nothing more can happen that will be productive.
E．It’s human nature to like being accepted and recognized.
F．You will be shocked at how frequently these words are used.
G．Pay close attention to when you use these words in sentences.
【答案】61．C 62．D 63．F 64．A 65．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们聊天时用到频率很高的两个词“no”和“but”，这会把天聊死的。作者建议谈话时使用这两个词的时候一定要多加注意。
61．根据上文“No matter how friendly your tone is or how honey sweet you are in a conversation, when you use one of these two words (or both) in your sentences, the message to your conversation companion is “You are wrong”.(无论你的语气多么友好，或者你在谈话中多么甜蜜，当你在句子中使用这两个词中的一个(或两个)时，给你的谈话同伴的信息是‘你错了’)”及下文“They are “no” and “but”(它们是‘不’和‘但是’)”可知，上文提出了两个谈话中否定别人的两个词，具体给出了这两个词是什么。由此可知，C. What are these conversation stopping words (这些把天聊死的词是什么 )符合语境，下一句话正是此问句的回答。故选C项。
62．根据上文“If your conversation companion is also eager to win at any cost, you will have a potential battle on your hands. The result (如果你的谈话对象也渴望不惜任何代价赢得胜利，你将面临一场潜在的战斗。结果呢 )”可知，本小题应该回答上一个问题，如果谈话双方发生了潜在的战斗，那么结果应该是谈话想要达成的事情肯定没有好的结果。由此可知，D. Nothing more can happen that will be productive.(没有什么事情是有成效的)符合语境，回答了前面的问句。故选D项。
63．根据上文“For one week, keep a scorecard of how many times each person uses “no” or “but”.( 用一周的时间，做一个记分卡，记录每个人说‘不’或‘但是’的次数)”可知，上文建议我们记录一下大家说这两个词的次数。由此可知，F. You will be shocked at how frequently these words are used.(你会对这些词的使用频率感到震惊)符合语境，how frequently呼应how many times。故选F项。
64．根据下文“Practically without even thinking, I keep count of their use of these two little words. It’s such an important indicator! If the numbers pile up in an initial meeting with a client, I’ll interrupt him or her and say, “We’ve been talking for almost an hour now, and do you realize that you have responded 17 times with either ‘no’ or ‘but’ ”(几乎不假思索，我就数着他们对这两个词的使用。这是一个非常重要的指标!如果在与客户的初次会面中次数很多，我会打断他或她说:‘我们已经谈了将近一个小时了，你意识到你已经用‘不’或‘但是’回答了17次了吗 ’)”可知，下文作者讲述自己和客户会谈的经历和做法，使用了第一人称I。由此可知，A. I use this technique with my clients.(我对我的客户使用这个技巧)符合语境，下一句中的“their”呼应clients，后文也再次用到“a client”。故选A项。
65．根据上文“If this is your interpersonal challenge, you can do this little test for yourself just as easily as you can to judge your co-workers. Stop trying to defend your position and start monitoring how many times you begin remarks with “no” or “but”.(如果这是你的人际挑战，你可以为自己做这个小测试，就像你判断你的同事一样容易。不要试图为自己的立场辩护，开始注意自己用“不”或“但是”开头的次数)”可知，此处作者建议我们也要去注意我们自己使用这两个词的次数。由此可知，G. Pay close attention to when you use these words in sentences.(要特别注意你是在什么时候使用的这些词)符合语境。故选G项。
（23-24高三下·山东·开学考试）The Spring Festival has come and gone, leaving many young adults with a significant inflow of pocket money from their family and loved ones. When it comes to managing the substantial amount of pocket money you may have received, it’s crucial to approach this new-found wealth with wisdom and foresight.
66 Take the time to assess the total amount of money you have received and allocate it wisely. By creating a budget you can prioritize your spending. distinguish between needs and wants, and make informed decisions about where your money should go.
Also, it’s essential to cultivate the habit of saving. 67 instead, set aside a portion of your pocket money for savings. Whether it’s for future goals, emergencies, or long-term financial security. consistent saving can have a profound impact on your financial well-being.
Before your buying anything, think twice. 68 Ask yourself if it agrees with your values and long-term goals. By practicing restraint and making intentional decisions, you can avoid unnecessary regrets and ensure that your pocket money is put to good use.
69 While it’s important to fully enjoy the pleasures that come with having extra pocket money, don’t lose sight of the bigger picture. Use this financial windfall as an opportunity to establish healthy financial habits and lay the groundwork for your long-term financial success.
Lastly, seek guidance from trusted adults or financial mentors. 70 Don’t hesitate to ask for help when it comes to managing your new-found wealth responsibly.
A．Pause and reflect on each purchase.
B．First, open a saving account in the bank.
C．Setting a budget is of crucial importance.
D．Resist the temptation to spend your entire windfall in one go.
E．They can provide valuable insights and offer personalized advice.
F．Strike a balance between enjoying the present and preparing for the future.
G．Maximize the benefits of your pocket money by making wise financial choices.
【答案】66．C 67．D 68．A 69．F 70．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何规划和安排自己的财务。
66．根据本段内容“Take the time to assess the total amount of money you have received and allocate it wisely. By creating a budget you can prioritize your spending distinguish between needs and wants, and make informed decisions about where your money should go.(花点时间评估一下你收到的总金额，然后明智地分配。通过制定预算，你可以优先考虑你的支出，区分需要和想要的，并对你的钱应该花在哪里做出明智的决定)”可知，本段主要说明了如何制定预算，C选项中budget对应后文budget。故C选项“设定预算是至关重要的”符合语境，故选C。
67．根据上文“Also, it’s essential to cultivate the habit of saving.(此外，培养储蓄的习惯也很重要)”以及后文“instead, set aside a portion of your pocket money for savings. Whether it’s for future goals, emergencies, or long-term financial security. consistent saving can have a profound impact on your financial well-being.(相反，留出一部分零花钱作为储蓄。无论是为了未来的目标，紧急情况，还是长期的财务安全。持续的储蓄会对你的财务状况产生深远的影响)”可知，本段主要建议培养存钱的习惯，本句与后文“留出一部分零花钱作为储蓄”相反，即把钱一次性花光。故D选项“抵挡住诱惑，不要把你的意外之财一次性花光”符合语境，故选D。
68．根据上文“Before your buying anything, think twice.(在你买东西之前，要三思而行)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明在买东西之前先反思一下的习惯。故A选项“每次购买都停下来反思一下”符合语境，故选A。
69．根据本段内容“While it’s importa备战2024年高考英语名校真题零失误规范训练》（山东专用）
专题04 阅读理解七选五最新真题模拟16篇（干货+模拟）
原卷版
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
七选五解题步骤
一、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。
二、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。
三、定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。
根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
四、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。
在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
五、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
七选五思维导图
（2024·山东济南·一模）Risks of Overtraining
Getting in shape and training for an event such as a marathon requires long-lasting and intense physical commitment. 1 But the truth is, sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits.
Specifically, overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout. 2 People tend to ignore them. Over time, the cycle of starting the next training session before allowing recovery causes breakdown of the very parts of the body that you work so hard to build up.
The structures and systems of your body adapt to the demands you have placed on them before the rest time. If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability, it will adapt toward what you did in a positive way. 3
Two main factors are necessary in recovery: nutrition. and rest. Good nutrition, including water and protein intake, is extremely important, especially within 40 minutes of your workout. 4 Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time. especially sleep, to strengthen.
One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate. 5 Generally, you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up. Tracking it in a log can be a great way to monitor your recovery.
A．It's easy to measure and track.
B．Allowing time for recovery is also essential.
C．The problem is that they show up very gradually.
D．Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining.
E．Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals.
F．If far beyond, it'll take longer to adapt and may cause injury.
G．We generally assume regular intense exercise good for our health.
（2024·山东潍坊·一模）It’s not so long ago that contactless card payments were exciting and new, but the technology is already old-hat. The new, better way to pay for things in shops By using your phone to make a contactless payment.
Because traditionally, when you have paid with a card tap (轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine, ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details. 6 And this could be a problem — it means that if the shop is hacked (侵入) or plays fast and loose with its data, you could find your card number exposed to the world.
However, when you tap to pay with your device, it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead. So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money. 7 That is to say, phone payments are smarter.
8 If a pickpocket steals your card they can immediately use up the money. But if they get your phone, when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check-it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face, to check that you are who you say you are.
9 Because of this added security, the limit (限额) is typically higher than for contactless cards. In the UK, it’s around 100 for most retailers-though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone.
Want to give it a try To actually set things up, go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions. 10 Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank. Usually you receive a text message with a special code on it. And then, well, you’re done. When you pay, hold your phone over the payment machine, and pay for your goods!
A．It helps to build the client list.
B．The setup process varies with banks.
C．No one needs to share any sensitive data.
D．It’s also more effective against the threat of thefts.
E．And phone payments are increasingly convenient too.
F．Typically this starts by scanning your card with your phone.
G．Therefore, it knows which bank account to take the money from.
（2024·山东聊城·一模）Have you ever paused to see clouds when you rush to your destination There’s a group of passionate “treasure finders” dedicated to observing and capturing the beauty in the sky cloud spotters.
Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense of the sky. 11
Ji Yun, 36, is an expert in cloud spotting. He set up a WeChat group to gather together people with similar hobbies in 2013. As the number of group members continued to grow, Ji and several cloud enthusiasts created dozens of online groups for different regions in China, forming the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019. 12
Power comes in numbers. Three years after the association was formed, cloud enthusiasts from all over China had collected every kind of cloud in the International Cloud Atlas, a reference by the World Meteorological Organization.
13 Cloud spotting, in fact, is an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we’ve become blind to. “You’re not going to be worrying too much about what formation it is and why it looks the way it does.” Gavin Pretor-Pinney, founder of the Cloud Appreciation Society, told Atlas Obscura.
Indeed, Jiang Xinwei in Jilin finds cloud spotting relaxing. Even though she is going through her toughest school year in grade 12, Jiang maintains this hobby as a short break from her heavy schoolwork. “Observing the clouds has become a habit for me,” the 17-year-old said. “ 14 .”
“Clouds change in the blink of an eye. 15 ” said Jiang Na, a 25-year-old cloud spotter in Beijing.
A．Currently, there are thousands of people across different groups.
B．This often leads us to think about the relationship between humans and nature.
C．They take photos of the clouds and match them to cloud type names.
D．My worries and troubles seem to fade away as I look up.
E．But that is not to say all clouds spotters need to go to such great lengths.
F．Cloud spotting can also make some people feel blue.
G．When they roll over the sky, I feel the passage of time has a concrete shape.
（2024·山东德州·一模）French parenting isn’t perfect, but there’s a lot we can learn from this kind but no-nonsense style of parenting.
French children are allowed to handle difficult things themselves. 16 The early years are when they discover all the cool ways their new body works and how to use it. To encourage this autonomy, French parents treat children more like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel confident when they’re able to deal with things on their own.
Fearful of hurting feelings, American parents tend to praise every child for everything. 17 However, all that praise eventually turns out to be pointless. By contrast, French adults give children appropriate praise, thus allowing them to feel a true sense of achievement and take pride in what they learn.
Painful experiences are the best learning opportunities and sheltering children from this fact of life will merely delay their emotional development. French doctors never say “sorry” when giving kids shots. The French believe undergoing hurts, is part of life and that there’s no reason to apologize for that. 18
Plus, the expectation of eye contact and a polite hello starts from the minute French children can say hello. They know saying “hello” and good manners are non-negotiable. Teaching them about that will benefit them for a lifetime. 19 Be patient with little ones as they learn.
All the above feels easier said than done, especially as a tired parent facing an intolerable child. 20 Your efforts will end up with children’s better behaviour overall.
A．They mean what they say.
B．This isn’t to say it’ll come easily.
C．It might save tears in the short term.
D．They wish children to suffer sometimes.
E．Bearing a few blow-ups is worthwhile, though.
F．Parents have to spare them such psychological discomfort.
G．“Me do it!” is little kids’ favorite phrase and for good reason.
（2024·山东菏泽·一模）How to Build Resilience
Resilience (适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity. 21 Whether it’s learning how to be resilient at work or how to be resilient to stress, use these strategies as a starting point for your resilience-building journey.
Nurture strong relationships
22 Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems.
23
Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience. A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness. Start to improve your health by integrating a simple exercise routine into your daily schedule, like a 30-minute stroll or a short yoga session. By taking care of yourself, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life’s challenges.
Discover your purpose
A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation, especially during tough times. Consider what goals you have, whether little or large. These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused. Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life. 24
Develop problem-solving skills
Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem. 25 By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges.
A．Prioritize physical health
B．Activate positive emotion
C．It’s important to have people you can trust.
D．It can be developed and enhanced over time.
E．Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.
F．Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems.
G．It means the difference between handling pressure and losing your cool.
（2024·山东临沂·一模）Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. 26 Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. 27 “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. 28
Covington started with a small community garden. 29 One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.
30 On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A．But if he planted stuff, they might not.
B．It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C．He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.
D．Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E．And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F．He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G．What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
（2024·山东淄博·一模）The Power of Peers
Do birds of a feather really flock together People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them. Many behaviors spread socially. Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around. 31 You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits — and motivate others to do the same.
32 Teens are especially responsive to peer influence. At the same time, the reward system in the teen brain becomes extra sensitive. Teens are just learning to explore the social world. Understanding other people’s values and being influenced by them are important parts of socializing.
A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risk-taking tendencies of teenagers. Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feeling included or excluded by others. 33 But it’s also a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them more involved with their community or helps them learn behaviors to get along with others.
It’s the quality of friendships — not quantity — that really makes the difference. Friendships you feel you want to let go of may be low quality. 34 High quality friendships provide understanding, support, and recognition of your self-worth. These types of friendships are more steady and satisfying.
Spending time with friends can be especially helpful for people. Noticing that our behavior is influenced by other people, we can be intentional and try to focus on the people who are doing the things we want to get into ourselves. 35
A．Adolescence is such a risky period.
B．That can affect what you choose to do.
C．Peer pressure can sometimes lead to competition.
D．People care about what others think across all different age groups.
E．They are linked to poor academic performance and behavioral issues.
F．Sharing your healthy habits could also make a real difference to others.
G．The number of friends you have determines your level of social influence.
（2024·山东青岛·一模）When you think of your closest friends, who will come to your mind Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbor you played with as a child. Regardless of how you met these people, they most likely have one key thing in common: 36 A 2023 study found that, for those aged 21 to 30, over 80 percent in their social circles, were born within five years of them. Moreover, nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them.
Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation and increase our loneliness. These limitations also keep us from other generations’ mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection. 37 Of course, the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years.
A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it. 38 Dawn Carr, a sociology professor, said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology, for instance—their younger friends offered. 39 Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”.
40 Lila, aged 75, was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression, for which the young was grateful. Also, older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like. If someone’s parents are the only older people they know well, they might fail to picture other possibilities. A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint.
A．You befriend those who live around.
B．They’re all roughly the same age as you.
C．Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas.
D．Brought closer, both see more than one benefit.
E．Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves.
F．Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today.
G．Indeed, intergenerational relationship is never a one-way street.
（2024·山东泰安·一模）“Rise to Glory” is an incredibly inspiring film that unfolds the gripping (扣人心弦的) tale of a loser’s journey to greatness. 41 It takes them on an emotional rollercoaster, mixing moments of success with heart-breaking setbacks.
The cinematography, the technique of making films for the cinema, in “Rise to Glory” deserves special mention. 42 The director’s ability to perfectly combine intense action sequences (镜头) with quiet moments of reflection adds a layer of depth to the storytelling.
43 Each character faces their own set of challenges, contributing to the overall theme of growth and resilience (适应力). The supporting cast delivers exceptional performances, filling the story with authenticity and depth. The strong connection among the cast members is noticeable, increasing the appeal of the characters’ journeys.
The soundtrack of “Rise to Glory” is a standout feature. It perfectly makes up the on- screen events, creating an immersive (沉浸式的) experience for the audience. 44
“Rise to Glory” leaves a powerful impression on the viewer. It is a must-watch for anyone who wants to get motivated. The movie delivers a profound message of perseverance and self- discovery, presented with a heartfelt sincerity. 45 It’s an emotional journey that attracts from beginning to end. Its exceptional cinematography, compelling characters, and impactful soundtrack come together to create a cinematic masterpiece that will undoubtedly stand the test of time.
A．The soundtrack features a collection of music.
B．In summary, “Rise to Glory” is more than just a film.
C．The visuals are attractive, deepening the emotional impact.
D．The movie attracts the audience from the beginning to the end.
E．The music adds not only emotion but also depth to the storytelling.
F．What sets this film apart is its well-developed and relatable characters.
G．The film lacks a dramatic emotional journey, leaving viewers unaffected.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）
Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. 46 So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it.
47 She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.
48 Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. 49 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.
Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 50 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable.
A．Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts.
B．It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK.
C．There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling.
D．Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses.
E．Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious.
F．Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word.
G．The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps.
（23-24高三下·山东济南·开学考试）The Joys of College
Often, we college students complain endlessly about all of the things we hate about college. And sure, college is really stressful and there are some aspects I don’t like. 51
The first thing I truly enjoy about being a college student is that I get to take classes that actually interest me. 52 In college, learning doesn’t feel like a chore (苦差事) to me any more because I actually get to design my schedule to my interests.
The community at the university is also very important to me. We are all suffering here but we are all suffering together. 53 I know I can complain to any fellow college student about the stress my assignments are causing and they will always understand.
54 The campus parties, holiday markets, and concerts give us something to look forward to as we struggle our way through our classes. And a variety of club activities—like the Campus Times—make college life all the more exciting.
The university presents us with so many unique opportunities as well. We are encouraged to study abroad, which allows students to experience student life in another country and dive into other cultures in the process. 55 Students maybe even land a job prior to graduation.
So although there are a lot of negatives of college—and I mean a lot—there are also a lot of positives. I know that when I graduate, I’m going to miss being a college student.
A．After all, college can be very demanding.
B．The fun activities and clubs are also a plus.
C．But for once, I’d like to focus on the positives.
D．Here, there are so many different fields to study.
E．Additionally, being a trainee is a great way to get experience.
F．The college experience can get bearable due to this community.
G．It isn’t like high school where you’re required to take the same classes.
（23-24高三下·山东菏泽·开学考试）How to Plan a Surprise Party
●Pick a party theme. 56 They may come up wearing crazy clothes, see everyone else’s, and you will get the chance to use your creativity when it comes to decorations, prizes, and activities. The best part It can be anything: cartoon-themed, colour-themed or costume-themed.
●Pick a place your guests of honour frequents to avoid suspicion (怀疑). If you tell your party-persons that you’re heading to the nicest restaurant in town, they’ll know that there’s an occasion. However, if you tell them that you’re heading to the same restaurant you go to every Thursday night, suspicion will be kept at a minimum. 57
●Pick a date before the actual occasion. If this surprise party is for a birthday, holding a party on the day might be a little hard to turn into an awesome surprise. 58 Besides, choose a date when all of their friends are able to go.
●Choose your guests. 59 Here’s what to consider:
A small group. This is easier to manage, people can keep their mouths shut, and it creates a more warm environment. However, it’s less impressive and more people might be upset that they’re not invited.
A large group. This is harder to manage, the word might slip out, it’s harder to get a space, but in the end, your party-persons might be surprised by seeing everyone they love in one room.
● 60 There are three types of people in this world: those that don’t like surprise parties because they always want to be prepared, those that don’t like surprise parties because they think they’re being forgotten, and those that love a good surprise party in their honour. Make sure your party-persons fall into the third category!
A．So choose a place that seems “normal”.
B．It isn’t much better if something emergent happens.
C．To avoid that, plan something before the actual date.
D．Be sure your guests of honour would want a surprise party.
E．You have two options: a small gathering or a big get-together.
F．An easy way to get guests excited about a party is to give it a theme.
G．The hardest part about a surprise party is making sure your guests don’t find it out.
（2024·山东日照·一模）No matter how friendly your tone is or how honey sweet you are in a conversation, when you use one of these two words (or both) in your sentences, the message to your conversation companion is “You are wrong”. 61 They are “no” and “but”.
These words don’t say, “Let’s discuss this” or “I’d love to hear what you think about this” to people. They say, “You are wrong and I am right.” If your conversation companion is also eager to win at any cost, you will have a potential battle on your hands. The result 62
Are you interested in a little test to see how competitive your co-workers are Try this. For one week, keep a scorecard of how many times each person uses “no” or “but”. 63 And, if you explore a little deeper, you’ll see patterns emerge. For instance, some people use these words to gain power. You’ll see how much people hate it, consciously or not, and how it stifles(抑制)rather than opens up discussions.
64 Practically without even thinking, I keep count of their use of these two little words. It’s such an important indicator! If the numbers pile up in an initial meeting with a client, I’ll interrupt him or her and say, “We’ve been talking for almost an hour now, and do you realize that you have responded 17 times with either ‘no’ or ‘but’ ” This is the moment when a serious talk about changing behavior begins.
If this is your interpersonal challenge, you can do this little test for yourself just as easily as you can to judge your co-workers. Stop trying to defend your position and start monitoring how many times you begin remarks with “no” or “but”. 65 For example That’s true, but...”. Another expression is “Yes, but...”.
A．I use this technique with my clients.
B．Why do people like to say these two words
C．What are these conversation stopping words
D．Nothing more can happen that will be productive.
E．It’s human nature to like being accepted and recognized.
F．You will be shocked at how frequently these words are used.
G．Pay close attention to when you use these words in sentences.
（23-24高三下·山东·开学考试）The Spring Festival has come and gone, leaving many young adults with a significant inflow of pocket money from their family and loved ones. When it comes to managing the substantial amount of pocket money you may have received, it’s crucial to approach this new-found wealth with wisdom and foresight.
66 Take the time to assess the total amount of money you have received and allocate it wisely. By creating a budget you can prioritize your spending. distinguish between needs and wants, and make informed decisions about where your money should go.
Also, it’s essential to cultivate the habit of saving. 67 instead, set aside a portion of your pocket money for savings. Whether it’s for future goals, emergencies, or long-term financial security. consistent saving can have a profound impact on your financial well-being.
Before your buying anything, think twice. 68 Ask yourself if it agrees with your values and long-term goals. By practicing restraint and making intentional decisions, you can avoid unnecessary regrets and ensure that your pocket money is put to good use.
69 While it’s important to fully enjoy the pleasures that come with having extra pocket money, don’t lose sight of the bigger picture. Use this financial windfall as an opportunity to establish healthy financial habits and lay the groundwork for your long-term financial success.
Lastly, seek guidance from trusted adults or financial mentors. 70 Don’t hesitate to ask for help when it comes to managing your new-found wealth responsibly.
A．Pause and reflect on each purchase.
B．First, open a saving account in the bank.
C．Setting a budget is of crucial importance.
D．Resist the temptation to spend your entire windfall in one go.
E．They can provide valuable insights and offer personalized advice.
F．Strike a balance between enjoying the present and preparing for the future.
G．Maximize the benefits of your pocket money by making wise financial choices.
（23-24高三下·山东·开学考试）“Second place is just the first loser.” is a well-known saying from the NASCAR champion Dale Earnhardt.
We may not want others to know our thoughts, but many of us think this way, because we are born to compete with each other. 71 Fortunately, there is a way to solve this problem: instead of always going for gold, aim for the bronze.
To expand on the wisdom of Earnhardt, although second place may be the first loser, third place can be the real winner, at least when it comes to happiness and longevity. A 1995 study discovered that bronze winners appeared consistently happier on average than silver medalists, while another research in 2018 studied US athletes in the Olympics from 1904 to 1936 and found that those whose best performance was silver lived to 72 on average. Gold medalists beat this by living to 76. 72
73 Silver medalists see themselves as the first loser because they compare themselves only with the champions. In contrast, the bronze winners compare downwards with those who have never made it onto the podium at all. 74 The emotion shows up in improved health and longevity.
The worldly happiness strategy of working for gold every day is foolish. Stop spending most of your time feeling like a silver medalist: always pursuing and relying your happiness on a single outcome. 75
A．But the first prize went to the bronze winners, who lived to 78.
B．Therefore, they feel better about themselves and thus, happier.
C．However, if left uncontrolled, this can create conflicts between ourselves and others.
D．The social concepts of upward and downward comparison help explain the difference.
E．The comparison is not from a feeling of ill will, but because rewards in life are relative.
F．Comparing ourselves with the unlucky is a reliable technique for reducing a negative mood.
G．Rather, aim for health y competitions where you do your best without expecting to be the absolute winner.
（23-24高三下·山东·开学考试）The Importance of Being Independent
The ability to be independent is something not everyone possesses. 76 And learning to support yourself is fundamental for any success you ever hope to achieve. At the end of the day, you only have yourself to fall back on, so it’s very important to be able to handle things on your own.
People rely on others far more than it is necessary. People put their happiness in the hands of a significant person, thinking this will bring them satisfaction. 77
Should you always be dependent on someone else Of course not. 78 Therefore, you need to learn how to make decisions on your own. People are unable to be independent for a variety of reasons, with fear being the biggest: the fear of being alone, the fear of rejection and the fear of the future.
However, there is no reason to base your life decisions on relationships with people. All relationships end at some point or another. 79 The only thing you can do is alter your understanding of relationships. Instead of expecting them to make you happy by being in your life and providing enjoyment, appreciate the time spent and enjoyment since you know it will be gone.
80 Don’ t ask for advice , do what you want and learn from your own mistakes. Many people are afraid to think for themselves because that involves taking responsibility for their own lives. This is just one way people become dependent. We are born alone and we die alone, so we each have to take responsibility for our lives at every step along the way.
A．There is nothing you can do to change or affect that.
B．This is a serious error too many people make these days.
C．Make decisions by and for yourself, whatever they may be.
D．You can control your own life by making your own choices.
E．However, you need to be independent in order to survive in the world.
F．In any moment of decision, the best thing you can do is wait for the right time.
G．Not only are you limiting yourself, you are also likely to become a burden to this person.
