【备考2024】精读高考英语真题(六）（附学案 ）

精 读 高 考 真 题 (六）
高考英语真题是英语学习的宝藏，精读一篇远胜过刷题十篇。相较于教材、日常习题，高考真题的语料更加新颖、更有针对性。长期精读高考真题有利于增强英语学习的信心，从而极大提高学习英语的效率。
一、真题再现
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. 40 When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously --- so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
（2021年全国新高考I卷七选五）
二、语篇导读：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与社会。主要介绍了一对夫妻在巴黎花了一周时间，体验了当地生活的经过。
三、重点单词（词性转换词、熟词生意词、超纲词）和短语
1. fantastically adv. 难以置信地
fantastical adj. 难以置信的，异想天开的（相当于fantastic）
sixth-floor adj. 六层的（合成词）
hallway n. 走廊，过道; 门厅（合成词）
though adv. （置于句末或插入句中）不过，可是，然而（熟词生义）
Parisian adj. 巴黎的，巴黎人的，巴黎式的（-an/-ian接名词之后构成形容词，表示“......的”、“与......有关的”、“......风格的”、“有......特征的”）
Paris n. 巴黎（法国首都）
have use for 使用......，用到......
have no use for 不使用......，用不到......
untidy adj. 不整齐的，凌乱的
tidy adj. 整洁的;整齐的
gain weigh 增加体重，发胖
lose weight 减轻体重，减肥
great food 美食
cardboard n. 硬纸板；卡纸板（合成词）
groceries n （pl.)食品杂货类，杂货
pick up some groceries 买一些杂货
a handful of 一把，少数的，少量的
perfectly adv. 完美地，非常
perfect adj. 完美的，极好的
tell ... by/from ... 从......看出......，从......辨别出......，从......区分出......
crowded adj. 拥挤的（分词形容词）
crowd vt. 拥挤，群聚
seriously adv. 严肃地，认真地
take ... seriously 认真对待......，重视......，对......较真
serious adj. 认真的，严肃的
labor unions 公会
strike vt. 敲定（合同、交易等），制定、达成（协议）
strike a deal (with...) （与......达成协议）
contractor n. 订约人，（工程的）承包商（-or 接在动词后构成名词，表示“做......的人（或物）
independent contractors 独立承包商
contract v. 订合同，立约承包
on/at call 随叫随到的，随时待命的
equally adv. 相等地，同样地
equal adj. 同样的，相等的
in some way 以某种方式，在某种程度上
四、关键结构和长难句
1. So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.
. rent为省去了to的动词不定式形式。在主语部分含有动词do时，充当表语的动词不定式往往省略动词不定式符号to。
E.g. The only thing to do now is go on. 现在唯一能做的事就是继续前进。
The best thing you can do now is write her an apology. 你现在能做的最恰当的事，
就是给她写一份道歉。
All you do now is complete the form. 你现在要做的只是把表填好。
What I did was learn the language. 我所做的事就是学习语言。
2). the size of a cupboard为brains的后置定语，等于that was about the size of a cupboard。
E.g. These animals have brains the size of a football. = These animals have brains
that are (about) the size of a football. 这些动物有足球场那么大的大脑。
【参考译文】所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一间贵得难以置信的、位于六楼的、只有橱柜那么大的公寓。
That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
1). 句中的I mastered是定语从句，省略了关系代词that。当先行词前only，all，any，few，little，no，one of等修饰语时，关系词通常用that或省略作宾语的that。
E.g. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. 那不是法国人吃的比
我们少的唯一的原因。
The only thing that impresses me is her directness. 唯一给我留下深刻印象的是
她的直接。
. “It’s a shame(that)... ”结构，意为“很遗憾......”。It是形式主语（或先行主语），正真的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，that有时会省略。类似的句型还有It’s a pity (that)...，It’s a surprise (that)...等。
E.g. It’s a shame (that) she can’t understand English. 很遗憾她不懂英语。
It is a shame that so many people hate her. 很遗憾如此多的人讨厌她。
【参考译文】这是我掌握的唯一的法语短语，很遗憾我不怎么使用它。
As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
as是关系代词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，代表they eat great food and never gain weight整个主句。当as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句时，它代表的一般不是某个具体的名词或代词，而是代表整个主句或主句的一部分。这时从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，甚至可以插入主句中间。
E.g. As I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. 正如我在电话里所解释的那样，在下次会上将考虑你的请求。
There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science. 没有简单的答案，
这在科学上是经常的事。
The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the
past two months. 就像报告中显示的那样，城市里的空气质量在过去的令个月里已经改善
了。
但是，当as引导的非限制性定语从句位于具有否定有意义的主句之后或插入中间时，as从句所修饰的内容不包括否定意义。
E.g. Greenland was not a continent,as people thought. 格陵兰并不像人们所想象的那样是一个大陆。
The facts of science are not, as some think, dry and lifeless. 科学事实并不像有些人所想的那样枯燥无味和没有生命力。
【参考译文】正如几周前有人在这篇文章中指出的那样，他们吃美食，而且从不发胖。
My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.
句中we had ever eaten是一个定语从句，fruit是先行词，省略了关系代词that。当先行词有最高级形容词或序数词以及last, next, only等修饰时，关系代词大都用that。
E.g. This is the best film that has been shown this year. 这是今年上映过的最好的电影。
【参考译文】我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。
The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously --- so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
1). limiting...是现在分词短语做后置定语，修饰前面的名词deal。
E.g. On receiving a phone call from his wife saying she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office. 一接到妻子说她摔倒的的电话，Gordon先生就立刻从办公室赶回了家。
2). that independent contractors can be on call是定语从句，先行词是hours。that用作关系关系副词，代替when，可以省略。
E.g. That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 那是我第一次出国的那一年。
I’ll never forget the day (that) we first met. 我永运忘不了我们第一次见面的那一天。
【参考译文】法国人非常重视每周35小时的工时，以至于一些工会最近与一批公司达成协议，限制独立承包商随叫随到的时间。
【答案】F C G E A
【附：学案】
精 读 高 考 真 题 (六）
高考英语真题是英语学习的宝藏，精读一篇远胜过刷题十篇。相较于教材、日常习题，高考真题的语料更加新颖、更有针对性。长期精读高考真题有利于增强英语学习的信心，从而极大提高学习英语的效率。
一、真题再现
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. 40 When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously --- so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
（2021年全国新高考I卷七选五）
二、语篇导读：本文的语篇类型是_______，主题语境_______。主要介绍了一__________________________________________________________。
三、重点单词（词性转换词、熟词生意词、超纲词）和短语
1. fantastically adv.
fantastical adj.
sixth-floor adj.
hallway n.
though adv.
Parisian adj.
Paris n.
have use for
have no use for
untidy adj.
tidy adj.
gain weigh
lose weight
great food
cardboard n.
groceries n
pick up some groceries
a handful of
perfectly adv.
perfect adj.
tell ... by/from ...
crowded adj.
crowd vt.
seriously adv.
take ... seriously
serious adj.
labor unions
strike vt.
strike a deal (with...)
contractor n.
independent contractors
contract v.
on/at call
equally adv.
equal adj.
in some way
四、关键结构和长难句
1. So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.
1). rent是省去了to的___________形式。在主语部分含有动词____时，充当_____的动词不定式往往省略动词不定式符号______。
E.g. The only thing to do now is ____________. 现在唯一能做的事就是继续前进。
The best thing you can do now is __________ her an apology. 你现在能做的最
恰当的事，就是给她写一份道歉。
All you do now is ________ the form. 你现在要做的只是把表填好。
What I did was ________ the language. 我所做的事就是学习语言。
2). the size of a cupboard为brains的__________，等于that was (about) the size of a cupboard。
E.g. These animals have brains the size of a football. = These animals have brains
__________________the size of a football. 这些动物有足球场那么大的大脑。
【翻译】所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一间贵得难以置信的、位于六楼的、只有橱柜那么大的公寓。
That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
1). 句中的I mastered是________，省略了___________。当先行词前only，all，any，few，little，no，one of等修饰语时，关系词通常用_______或__________。
E.g. That’s not the only reason ___________ the French eat less than we do. 那不
是法国人吃的比我们少的唯一的原因。
The only thing___________impresses me is her directness. 唯一给我留下深
刻印象的是她的直接。
. “It’s a shame(that)... ”结构，意为_________。It是________（或先行主语），
___________是后面that引导的________从句，that有时会省略。类似的句型还有It’s a pity (that)...，It’s a surprise (that)...等。
E.g. ____________________he can’t understand English. 很遗憾她不懂英语。
______________________so many people hate her. 很遗憾如此多的人讨厌她。
【翻译】这是我掌握的唯一的法语短语，很遗憾我不怎么使用它。
As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
as是________，引导一个__________________，代表they eat great food and never gain weight整个主句。当as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句时，它代表的一般不是某个具体的名词或代词，而是代表__________或____________。这时从句可放在主句_______，也可放在主句_____，甚至可以__________________。
E.g. ________________________, your request will be considered at the next meeting. 正如我在电话里所解释的那样，在下次会上将考虑你的请求。
There is no simple answer, ________________________. 没有简单的答
案，这在科学上是经常的事。
The air quality in the city, ______________________, has improved over
the past two months. 就像报告中显示的那样，城市里的空气质量在过去的令个月里已经
改善了。
但是，当as引导的非限制性定语从句位于具有否定有意义的主句之后或插入中间时，as从句所修饰的内容不包括否定意义。
E.g. Greenland was not a continent,__________________. 格陵兰并不像人们所想象的那样是一个大陆。
The facts of science are not, ___________________, dry and lifeless. 科学事实并不像有些人所想的那样枯燥无味和没有生命力。
【翻译】正如几周前有人在这篇文章中指出的那样，他们吃美食，而且从不发胖。
My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.
句中we had ever eaten是一个_________，fruit是_________，省略了________。当先行词有最高级形容词或序数词以及last, next, only等修饰时，关系代词大都用_____。
E.g. This is the best film ______has been shown this year. 这是今年上映过的最好的电影。
【翻译】我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。
The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously --- so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
1). limiting...是现在分词短语做___________，修饰前面的名词________。
E.g. On receiving a phone call from his wife __________she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office. 一接到妻子说她摔倒的的电话，Gordon先生就立刻从办公室赶回了家。
2). that independent contractors can be on call是__________，先行词是_________。that用作____________，代替__________，可以省略。
E.g. That was the year _________I first went abroad. 那是我第一次出国的那一年。
I’ll never forget the day________we first met. 我永运忘不了我们第一次见面的那一天。
【翻译】法国人非常重视每周35小时的工时，以至于一些工会最近与一批公司达成协议，限制独立承包商随叫随到的时间。