2024年人教版中考英语二轮复习名词学案 及练习（无答案）

英语能力提升试题（一）
第一部分语法梳理
第一讲名词
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：
1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。
2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。
3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。
4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。
专有名词前一般不加定冠词，并且单词的首字母要大写。例如：Japanese ,January, Africa等。
由普通名词构成的专有名词， 其前一般要加定冠词the(表节日的词除外)，并大写其中实词的首字母，如：the Great Wall, the United States
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。
可数名词的数
规则变化
_一般情况下直接加___ book--_____cup--_____ house--_____
_以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变____ 为____再加____baby--______family--______ country--_______ city--_______
以s,x ,sh,ch 结尾的加___. bus--______ wish--_______ watch--________
_以辅音字母加o 结尾的______________. tomato--______ potato--_______ hero--_______ photo--____ piano--_____
_以f,fe结尾的先把______f,fe变______再加________.knife—______knives leaf--________ wife--______
_有少数以f，fe 结尾的名词变复数时只加s roof--______ chief--________
不规则变化
元音字母或词尾发生变化。man--_____ woman--_____ child--_____
foot--____ tooth--_____ mouse--_____ postman--______ fisherman--_______
gentleman--______ Englishman--_________ Frenchman--_______
单复数同形。deer fish sheep Chinese Japanese
形式为单数，意义为复数的名词。people police
形式为复数，意义为单数的名词。physics politics news maths the United States
由两个名词组成的复合名词由单数变复数时，通常只将后面的名词变为复数。
two apple trees , shoe shops, ten boy students, 但由man, woman 构成的复合名词变复数时，man ,woman 与后面的名词都要变为复数。一些男医生___________, 两名女医生__________ sports clothes 特别记。
某国人的复数
中日不变 Chinese--______ Japanese--_______
英法变 Englishman--_________ Frenchman--_______
其余后面加s America--_______ German--________ Australian--________
中考对接
Leo is an honest boy. He never tells a l______.
It takes me 45 m_____ to get to school by bike every morning.
The British teacher is very humorous. He always tells us j_____.
The manager made no r______ to the questions.
二、不可数名词
1. 不可数名词：
1)不能直接用数字表数量 2）. 不能直接加a或an 3） 没有复数形式 4）.可用some ,any lots of plenty of much 5). 可用量词短语表示数量： a/数字 + 量词+ of+ 不可数名词
a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk a bag of a box of
对接中考
Would you mind giving me some______(advice) on how to plant trees
The mother said goodbye with a smile , but her eyes couldn’t hide her_____(sad).
For your own ______(safe), please don’t walk about on the plane .
Everyone in the world should focus on the air _____(pollute)。
三、名词的所有格
名词的所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。
名词所有格的构成
1).不以s结尾的名词加’s 吉姆的床Jim’s bed 妇女节Women’s Day
2）以s结尾的名词加’ 老板的汽车 the boss’ car Teachers’ Day
3). 表示两者或以上共有的，只需在最后一个名词上加’s Linda和Lisa的母亲 Linda and Lisa’s mother
4). 表示两者或以上各自拥有，需要在每一个名词上都加’s Mike的母亲和Henry的母亲
Mike’s and Herry’s mothers
5) 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等的名词，在词尾加’s 或’ 八小时的睡眠eight hours’ sleep 中国的人口 China’s population
6）表示店铺，住宅， 医院，诊所等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称。at the doctor’s at the Bob’s
7)由 some ,any, no ,every, 与one, body 结合的复合不定代词something, anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else 的后面。This is ______(somebody else) pencil.
2. 一些无生命的名词所有格要用of 来表示如：一张中国地图 a map of Chins 山脚 the foot of the hill
3. 双重所有格
1).Of ＋名词所有格 我父亲的一个朋友 a friend of my father’s 爱迪生的一些发明 some inventions of Edison
2).of ＋名词性物主代词。我的一位朋友a friend of my mine 他的一个女儿a daughter of his
3）双重所有格和一般所有格意义不同。
a photo of Tom’s a photo of Tom
对接中考
Upstairs are___ (Lily and Lucy) bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But ____ (our) are in a mess.
_____(Bob and Dave) room looks very clean.
He is a friend of my_____ (brother) 4.Is she a daughter of _____(you)
四、 名词作句子成分
1. 名词作主语
1).表示时间，金钱，距离的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Two hours_____(be) enough for us to get there.
.量词短语“数字+量词+of...”作主语时谓语动词的数与量词保持一致。
A pair of shoes _____ (be) under the bed.
Two pieces of paper _____(be) on the desk.
. 名词＋介词（with, except,along with, like...）＋名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。
The teacher with the students _____(be) planting trees on the hill.
. 短语“neither...nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not ... but...”连接主语时谓语动词的数依据就近原则。Neither he nor I _____(be) a Frenchman.
名词作定语：
1）名词作定语时一般用单数形式。学校附近有一家鞋店____________________
2）名词作定语时个别情况用复数形式（sports，clothes）
运动会将在下周举行______________________________________________
man ,woman 作定语表示性别时，man ,woman 随后面的名词单复数而变。
一位男老师__________________ 两名女老师_____________________
高分突破
1.M______ is the day after Sunday and before Tuesday. (2019济宁)
2. My uncle is a c______, he works in a restaurant.(2019铜仁)
3. I like Friday because the next day is S______(2019随州)
4. There are sixty minutes in an h_____.(2019桂林)
5. Stick the picture with the g_____ on the wall.(2019桂林)
6. She has two c______,a son and a daughter.(2019贺州)
7. The doctor told the patient to take the m_____ three times a day.(2019杭州)
8. We will have a wonderful s______ vacation as soon as junior high school days are over.
9.Bob is interested in dancing .His dream job is to be a d_____.
10.Let’s go to the l______ to borrow some books.
11.Chinese fathers made some nice dresses for their daughter with their _____(wife)
12.The dentists advise us to brush our _____(tooth) three times a day.
13. Follow that _____(teacher )advice and soon you will solve the problem.
14. Andrew often does DIY with different_____(knife)in his free time.
15. Many young people look up to the basketball ______(hero )and want to become like them.
16. The two______(factory )were moved outside the city last year.
17. Stephen Curry is one of the best basketball ______(star)in the world.
18. When Bria was 8, she started painting______(picture) of animals.
第二部分能力提升
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
You are very good at_______(tell) stories.And I do well in _____(speak) English.
Lucy likes _____ and she wants to be a________(dance).
She finds swimming________ and is quite ______ in it.And she wants to join the swimming club.(interest)
It’s early. I can spend another ten minutes _______a picture(draw).
----Can you play the ______,Joe ---Yes , I’m good at it and I want to be a ______(piano).
Look, he is busy ______to music. He is a famous _______(dance)
7.There is _____milk and _____ hamburgers in the fridge. Please buy some on your way home.(few/little)
8.He as well as I ____(like) sports shows. But his brother and sister_____(like) Chinese kung fu.
9.-How about _____(play) the guitar --That’s a good idea.
10.Why not_____(play) the piano --That’s a good idea.
11.Let’s _____(play) the violin. --That’s a good idea.
12. I really like the _____Zhang Jie because he _____ well (sing).
13.The _____name is Mozart. He can play some _______ instruments(乐器)（music).
14.Every day I spend two hours ______(play) chess with my grandpa.
15.I have some ________ in studying English and it is very ______ for me to understand my math teacher. I often finish my math homework ________.(difficult)
二、首字母填词
1.It’s my daughter’s dream to j_____ the Young Pioneers.
2.Bob is in two c_____. He wants to learn music and art well.
3.I like the s_____ of Hou Yi and Yu Gong. They are interesting.
4.The boy is good at d______ and he hopes to be an artist.
5.Molly does well in s_____English.
6.I don’t want to sing o____ draw. I only want to watch TV.
7.I have a t_____ with Bob and he tell me he wants to join the swimming club.
8.The woman often goes to the d______club. It’s good for her health.
9.The firefighters saved eight p______ in the big fire, including three men and five women.
10.If there is much snow in the playground, we can m_____ snowmen.
三、语法填空
A
Can you tell when someone is joking In fact, I can’t always tell. 1.______I grew up in a very serious family. They never told jokes and never laughed.
I could joke later in life. I had a few good friends, and they helped me 2._____this ability. They told me to do humorous things.
They also 3.______(show) me different ways to be funny. Some people tell jokes or make 4._____(fun) faces. Others change 5.______(they) voices to say one thing but mean another.
Now I can usually get other 6.______(people) jokes. I learned to tell a few about myself. Some of them even got a few laughs. I enjoyed that 7.______(feel).
My friends helped me a lot. I’m still 8.______(learn) about humor. People use it to make themselves and others feel good. It also helps them get on well with each other.
However, not all humor is funny. It can’t 9.______(real) make me happy 10._____people make fun of others. It makes me have bad feelings,and that’s nothing to joke about.
B
I'm Bessy . I 1 . ______ ( begin ) to learn English in Grade 6 , not like most of my friends .
Because they learnt English in the kindergarten or at least Grade 3. I feel in love with this foreign language at once. As 2.____ old saying goes, “Interest is the best teacher.” I began to be crazy about English. I learned words 3. _____ grammar, made sentences, wrote essays(随笔）and read English 4._______(storybook)as many as I could.
Some of my friends find it easy to forget the words they learned the other day. So do I!
You can't remember words well 5.______ (with) using them often. So you should turn to a dictionary for help 6._____ you meet new words and want to know their other meanings and usages(用法）. Then make 7.______ (you) own sentences from time to time. Another way to keep new words in mind is reading articles(文章）,You can 8.______(easy)remember new words through the context.
As for spoken English, I'm 9. _____ (luck) to have some foreign friends. So I have more chances to improve my spoken English. If you want to communicate with 10. ________（foreign),don't be shy,and just practice with anyone who knows English.
四、完形填空
Everyone in our school loves sports. Every morning ___1___ we get up, we do morning exercises. After the second class, we do exercises again. We only have the ___2__class twice a week, but we do physical training(锻炼）at five every afternoon. The most popular sport is basketball. The ___3___enjoy playing it and many girls like it, too.___4__ popular sport is football and ___5__ every class there are a lot of football fans. Volleyball is often played outside when the____6__ is fine.We have school teams in basketball , football and volleyball . Our teams often ___7___ friendly matches with teams from other schools. When there is a match, __8___ of us go to watch it and cheer our side on .
Besides(除……之外）ball games,some of us like track and field(田径运动）,____9__ we often practice running and jumping. Every term we have tests in these events. We hold a__10___every year . Many students take part in the sports meet .
( )1.A.while B.when C.before D.after
( )2.A.English B. Chinese C.P.E. D.music
( )3.A.teachers B.boys C.students D.people
( )4.A.Others B. Other C. Another D. The other
( )5.A.in B.to C . for D.about
( )6.A.team B.class C.weather D.meal
( )7.A.see B.have C.look at D.watch
( )8.A.several B.few C.a little D.many
( )9.A.because B.but C.or D.and
( )10.A.sports meet B.place C.game D.match
五、阅读理解
From January 24 to 30 in my winter holiday, we took a special trip to Huizhou，Guangdong.We volunteered in a turtle(乌龟）park.Our job was to take care of the turtles. For me, the most interesting activity was cleaning the turtles.
We first put on special shoes and gloves. Then we took some cleaning tools. Dr. Li worked there. He showed us how to clean the pools and wash the turtles. I noticed a big turtle and decided to clean it . At first , I thought it was not smart , because it just stayed in the corner . But I was wrong . It climbed forward quickly when I tried to clean it. I did my best to catch its front legs, but its back legs started splashing(泼） water on me. Then my blouse was wet. "Hey! Don't make my clothes wet!"I shouted . The turtle seemed to understand my words and stopped splashing water .
Through(通过）this volunteer trip,I learned a lot.The earth is getting warmer and warmer , so turtles are in danger . Let's all do something for them .
( )1.Where did the writer volunteer
A. At a school. B . At a pet shop . C. At a clothes store. D . In a turtle park .
( )2.For the writer,the most interesting work
A.cleaning the turtles B.cleaning the pools C.playing in the park D . taking care of the turtles
( )3.What does the underlined word"it"refer to(指的是）
A.The pool. B. The blouse. C.The big turtle. D. The cleaning tool.
( )4.Why did the writer think the turtle was not smart
A.It climbed so slowly. B. It didn't use its front legs.
C. It only stayed in the corner. D . It didn't follow Dr . Li's words .
( )5.What's the best title for the passage
A.A Special Park B.A Volunteer Trip C.A Summer Holiday D.A Different School Life
六、六选五
A
Autumn is the season which follows summer . 1 . _____ In the northern hemisphere （半球）,the weather is starting to get cooler.
2.____Their colors change from green to beautiful golden colors such as orange, yellow and brown. These leaves fall to the ground, leaving the trees bare( 光秃秃的）grown. Many people like to travel during autumn to enjoy the beauty of the leaves.3.______
Autumn is the time when many animals to gather food for the winter. Squirrels(松鼠），
and other animals busily start gathering food.4._______.
Autumn is also a harvest(丰）time.5._____Pumpkins(南瓜）are healthy vegetables which are harvested in autumn. They are used to make pumpkin soup and pumpkin pie.
Farmers use pumpkins to make the heads of scarecrows （稻草人）. Scarecrows help to scare away birds so that they can't eat farmers' crops(谷物）. Autumn is really an amazing season!
A. Farmers like this season very much. B. They can sleep in the whole winter. C. In this way they can eat them in winter. D. The leaves on the trees start to change colors. E. Autumn is also called "fall" in some countries. F . It's also a good time for families to climb mountains .
B
My friend Mary has a good living habit. She likes sports very much.
Now she is a sports teacher in the club .1. _____She gets up at 5:40 in the morning.
After 10 minutes, she runs for an hour in the park. She doesn't have enough time for breakfast. So she usually eats bread and drinks milk quickly.2._____ Then she gets to the club at 7:40. Many people like playing ball games with her in the club, because she is a good teacher.
3._____On Saturday morning, she teaches students how to play volleyball and basketball well. At four o'clock in the afternoon, she dances with me in a park. 4._____Sometimes she goes to see her grandparents by bus. They live in a small town. They have many vegetables and hens on the farm. 5. ______Mary always says, "I'm happy and in good health!"
A. On Sunday morning, she plays soccer with her students. B. She is very good at doing morning exercises. C. On weekends, Mary has many things to do. D. She likes her job very much. E.She walks to work at 7:10. F.Her grandma usually sends Mary some eggs. G . They live in a big city not far from Mary's home .