2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解—词义猜测题 教案（表格式）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解—词义猜测题 教案（表格式） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 94.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-02 09:37:31 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
阅读理解——词义猜测
课时安排 1课时
教学内容 阅读理解之词义猜测
教学目标 了解高考阅读理解词义猜测出题方式； 掌握词义猜测题的解题方法。
教学重点、难点 教学重点； 阅读理解词义猜测题： 1.单词或短语意思猜测题； 2.代词指代题； 3.句意猜测题 阅读理解词义猜测题及技巧点拨； 教学难点； 如何使学生掌握词义猜测题解题技巧。
教学过程： Step1 设题方式 1.What does the underlined word “prone” in paragraph 3 most probably mean 2.What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to 3.Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2 一.单词或短语意思猜测题 技法点拨 [2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·C片段]典例 In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed（描绘） alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to. 30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean ( A ) A. Understand. B. Paint. C. Seize. D. Transform. 思路点拨 第一步：找出画线词在文章中的位置。 第二步：依据画线词所在句前后分句间的关系猜测词义。These scenes（这些场景）指的是孩子们在家或学校学习阅读以及成年人沉浸在一卷书中，陷入沉思或沉浸在片刻的休闲中。这些场景可能在数百年前被绘制，距离现在已经十分久远，后一分句与前一分句构成转折关系，表示但是我们现在仍然能够理解画中描绘的那些时刻。故选A。 真题体验 1. [2022·全国乙卷·C片段]That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts. 29.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to？( C ) A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. [解析]根据本段第二句中的“including sending maintenance staff... to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure（其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施）”可知，maintenance是“维护，保养”的意思，C项Inspection and repair与文中的inspect and repair对应。 [2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·C片段]2. The elderly residents in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. ... Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said:“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” 30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7 ( C ) A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate. [解析]根据上下文语境，即画线处前的“one of the first”以及后文Wendy Wilson所说的“居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意活动。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣”可知，Wendy Wilson是第一批实施这个项目的人之一，所以画线词的含义与C项“Begin （开始）”含义相近。故选C。 2.代词指代题 代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多、动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词的指代对象。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。 典例 （经典高考） In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea：Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way：Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. 9.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to ( D ) A. Developing a serious mental disease. B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia. C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea. 思路点拨 第一步：找出画线词在文章中的位置； 第二步：分析上下文信息。由第一段最后一句“几年后，他仍然被这个国家吸引，于是他回到乌兹别克斯坦，写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章”可知，他回乌兹别克斯坦是为了写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。画线词所在句的意思是“然而，他的访问最终涉及的远不止那件事”。由此推知，that指的是“写一篇有关咸海消失的文章”。故选D。 真题体验 [2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·C片段]3. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. “We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said， “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.” 30. What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to ( D ) A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. [解析]画线词something之后有 “on the books”和“that can change people's behavior”。由此判断，something是指书面的而且可以改变人们的行为的东西。另外，根据下文的信息“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, ‘people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.’”可知，Félix W. Ortiz希望Textalyzer法案成为法律，这样人们会更害怕拿起手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 3.句意猜测题 典例~典例典例 [2023·江西南昌高三下二模·片段]I can't prove this, but I'm sure it's true: nobody on their deathbed ever wished they'd spent more time watching television. Life is short and there are too many activities that are more important and fulfilling than sitting in front of a television for hours on end. That's not to suggest you should remove television from your life completely. But I've come to see it as something best placed at the edge of life, rather than the center. I didn't always feel that way. In fact, there was a period in my life when I wasted nearly six hours of my day watching television and watched till I fell asleep near midnight. Eight hours later, I'd wake up with the TV still on, feeling no more rested than when I went to sleep. When you do the math, it's rather shocking. Six hours per day adds up to 2,190 hours over the course of a year, which equates to about 91 days. What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 mean ( B ) A. The author didn't always love watching TV. B. The author used to place TV at the center of her life. C. The author always felt positive. D. The author used to think life was very long. 思路点拨 根据画线部分后的“事实上，在我的生活中，有一段时期我把一天中近六个小时的时间都浪费在看电视上，一直看到接近半夜才睡着”可知,作者曾将大部分时间用来看电视。选项B“作者曾把电视当成她的生活中心”符合题意，故选B 真题体验 4.（经典高考） Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.” People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的） backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段） shows one man who had found a ＄20 bill pinning it to the board. 24. What does the expression “Money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean ( C ) A. Money spent without hesitation. B. Money not legally made. C. Money offered without conditions. D. Money not tied together. [解析]根据后句“It's not something you see every day.”以及But后面的内容“立起了一个钉着一些钞票的公告牌,一块指示牌上面写着‘尽你所能,取你所需’”可知，此处指无条件提供的钱。故选C。
课时安排 1课时
教学内容 阅读理解之词义猜测
教学目标 了解高考阅读理解词义猜测出题方式； 掌握词义猜测题的解题方法。
教学重点、难点 教学重点； 阅读理解词义猜测题： 1.单词或短语意思猜测题； 2.代词指代题； 3.句意猜测题 阅读理解词义猜测题及技巧点拨； 教学难点； 如何使学生掌握词义猜测题解题技巧。
教学过程： Step1 设题方式 1.What does the underlined word “prone” in paragraph 3 most probably mean 2.What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to 3.Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2 一.单词或短语意思猜测题 技法点拨 [2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·C片段]典例 In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed（描绘） alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to. 30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean ( A ) A. Understand. B. Paint. C. Seize. D. Transform. 思路点拨 第一步：找出画线词在文章中的位置。 第二步：依据画线词所在句前后分句间的关系猜测词义。These scenes（这些场景）指的是孩子们在家或学校学习阅读以及成年人沉浸在一卷书中，陷入沉思或沉浸在片刻的休闲中。这些场景可能在数百年前被绘制，距离现在已经十分久远，后一分句与前一分句构成转折关系，表示但是我们现在仍然能够理解画中描绘的那些时刻。故选A。 真题体验 1. [2022·全国乙卷·C片段]That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts. 29.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to？( C ) A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. [解析]根据本段第二句中的“including sending maintenance staff... to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure（其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施）”可知，maintenance是“维护，保养”的意思，C项Inspection and repair与文中的inspect and repair对应。 [2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·C片段]2. The elderly residents in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. ... Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said:“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.” 30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7 ( C ) A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate. [解析]根据上下文语境，即画线处前的“one of the first”以及后文Wendy Wilson所说的“居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意活动。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣”可知，Wendy Wilson是第一批实施这个项目的人之一，所以画线词的含义与C项“Begin （开始）”含义相近。故选C。 2.代词指代题 代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多、动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词的指代对象。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。 典例 （经典高考） In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea：Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way：Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. 9.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to ( D ) A. Developing a serious mental disease. B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia. C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea. 思路点拨 第一步：找出画线词在文章中的位置； 第二步：分析上下文信息。由第一段最后一句“几年后，他仍然被这个国家吸引，于是他回到乌兹别克斯坦，写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章”可知，他回乌兹别克斯坦是为了写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。画线词所在句的意思是“然而，他的访问最终涉及的远不止那件事”。由此推知，that指的是“写一篇有关咸海消失的文章”。故选D。 真题体验 [2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·C片段]3. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. “We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said， “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.” 30. What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to ( D ) A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. [解析]画线词something之后有 “on the books”和“that can change people's behavior”。由此判断，something是指书面的而且可以改变人们的行为的东西。另外，根据下文的信息“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, ‘people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.’”可知，Félix W. Ortiz希望Textalyzer法案成为法律，这样人们会更害怕拿起手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 3.句意猜测题 典例~典例典例 [2023·江西南昌高三下二模·片段]I can't prove this, but I'm sure it's true: nobody on their deathbed ever wished they'd spent more time watching television. Life is short and there are too many activities that are more important and fulfilling than sitting in front of a television for hours on end. That's not to suggest you should remove television from your life completely. But I've come to see it as something best placed at the edge of life, rather than the center. I didn't always feel that way. In fact, there was a period in my life when I wasted nearly six hours of my day watching television and watched till I fell asleep near midnight. Eight hours later, I'd wake up with the TV still on, feeling no more rested than when I went to sleep. When you do the math, it's rather shocking. Six hours per day adds up to 2,190 hours over the course of a year, which equates to about 91 days. What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 mean ( B ) A. The author didn't always love watching TV. B. The author used to place TV at the center of her life. C. The author always felt positive. D. The author used to think life was very long. 思路点拨 根据画线部分后的“事实上，在我的生活中，有一段时期我把一天中近六个小时的时间都浪费在看电视上，一直看到接近半夜才睡着”可知,作者曾将大部分时间用来看电视。选项B“作者曾把电视当成她的生活中心”符合题意，故选B 真题体验 4.（经典高考） Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.” People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的） backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段） shows one man who had found a ＄20 bill pinning it to the board. 24. What does the expression “Money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean ( C ) A. Money spent without hesitation. B. Money not legally made. C. Money offered without conditions. D. Money not tied together. [解析]根据后句“It's not something you see every day.”以及But后面的内容“立起了一个钉着一些钞票的公告牌,一块指示牌上面写着‘尽你所能,取你所需’”可知，此处指无条件提供的钱。故选C。