外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit5 Learning from Nature 单元学案（无答案）
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高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature
Starting out & Understanding ideas
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Understand the video,and learn the lessons they learn from the video;
2.Read the text and find the architecture mentioned in the text;
3.Analyse the content of the text and find out the detailed information;
4.Improve critical thinking ability and deepen understanding of the unit theme.
【师生互动】
Step Ⅰ Lead-in
Activity 1 Watch a video
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1.What lessons from nature are mentioned in the video
2.Which one inspires you the most
Activity 2 Prediction
Look at the title of the passage and the pictures.Think about what the title means.
Step Ⅱ While -reading
Activity 1 Read for the main idea
Choose the magazine in which you would most likely find the passage.Give your reasons.
Activity 2 Language points and translation
1.In fact,we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us.
【翻译】 事实上,我们已经习惯了它们的存在,甚至可能把它们视为理所当然,却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
【讲解】
·be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事
·take...for granted 认为……理所当然
【学以致用】
·习惯于从父母那里获得一切,我们总是理所当然地认为父母应该为我们提供他们的一切。
2.It is natural to think in this way,but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
【翻译】 这样思考是很自然的,但当然不是雨伞给了花朵以灵感,也不是屋顶启发了松果。
【讲解】 该句是由but连接的并列句。第二个分句用or连接了两个强调句,分别强调了主语the umbrella和the roof。
【学以致用】
·直到接近信件结尾,她才提及我们的计划。(强调句)
3.The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which/where it sits.
【翻译】 该建筑旨在展示自然和现代城市所处的环境之间的联系。
【讲解】 be designed to do 旨在做某事;in which在此处引导定语从句修饰先行词environment,相当于关系副词where。
【学以致用】
·模拟联合国(MUN)旨在提供一个让参与者可以自由表达观点的舞台。
4.To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms and processes.
【翻译】 利用仿生技术,在自然形态和过程的基础上创造建筑结构。
【讲解】 be based on 根据;基于……;以……为基础
【学以致用】
(1)理论以实践为基础,又反过来为实践提供服务。
(2)基于这一分析,她预测他的公司会很快好转起来。
Step Ⅲ Post-reading
Go through the question and think about it individually,then discuss the questions in groups.
Questions:
Which of the three buildings are you most impressed by And why
【体系整合】
教学目标 目标达成评价等级
A B C D
Understand the video,and grasp the main idea of it.
Read the text and find the architecture mentioned in it.
Analyse the content of the text and find out the detailed information.
Improve critical thinking ability and deepen understanding of the unit theme.
【高质训练】
课文语法填空,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature has inspired many 1. (architect) around us.Shaped to resemble a lotus flower,the ArtScience Museum seems 2. (float) above the waterfront promenade and the water 3. (surround) it.It collects rainwater 4. the roof and the water is recycled through its own plumbing system.5. (base) on the form and process of termite mounds,Harare’s Eastgate Centre also has little holes on the walls allowing air to move freely in and out of the mounds,thus reducing the need 6. traditional air conditioning and heating systems.In this way,it uses 7. (little) energy and costs less to run.The Algae House is covered in panels containing algae.While the panels provide shade as well as heat and convert it 8. energy,the algae can also be used to produce fuel.The building reduces damage to the environment by 9. (generate) its own renewable energy.In short,nature-inspired buildings enable us 10. (live) in closer harmony with our environment.
高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature
Language studying
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Identify and summarise the forms and functions of non-finite forms as subject,object and predicative through observation and apply them correctly in the context and situation;
2.Express interest in others’ conversation and describe some common phenomena,and be able to use the expressions learned in real life;
3.Understand the general idea of the listening material,and obtain details to complete the table;
4.Use the relevant structures in the listening material to talk about benefits and show interest,then to talk about other exercises inspired by animals.
【师生互动】
StepⅠ Lead-in
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
(a)Today,architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms,...
(b)...it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
(c)Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
(d)Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
1.Look at the “to do” structures in sentences (a) and (b).Do they serve the same function in each sentence
2.In sentence (c),is the -ed form used as an adjective or a past participle Why does the author use the -ed form other than the -ing form
3.What is the function of the -ing form in sentence (d)
Step Ⅱ Analyse and identify
Activity 1 Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. (draw) inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries.Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou.The main principle of its design is 2. (recreate) natural landscapes in miniature.First established in the Ming Dynasty,the original garden contained a rockery to symbolise Tiantai Mountain.Pine and bamboo groves were added later,along with a pond and an island.Visitors would be 3. (astonish) to find the garden modeled closely on natural features.Visitors are also supposed 4. (explore) it scene-by-scene.This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish,to a tree in blossom,a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
Activity 2 Grammar points
非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语
一、动词不定式的语法功能
1.动词不定式可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
·As the saying goes,“ To see is to believe.”
俗话说,“眼见为实”。
·The place he wants to go is the Summer Palace.
他想去的地方是颐和园。
2.需要注意的几个问题
(1)动词不定式短语作主语时,往往放在句后,用it作形式主语。
·It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是对的。
(2)动词不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把动词不定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。
·I find it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语很有趣。
(3)能直接跟带to的动词不定式结构的动词主要有agree,ask,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,forget,hope,help,learn,love,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,stop,wish,want等。
·Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave.
离开前别忘了关灯。
二、动词-ing形式的语法功能
(一)动词-ing形式作主语
1.动词-ing形式作主语时,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。
·Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
【温馨提示】
(1)动词不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
·To lie to her is wrong and you can’t do that any more.
对她撒谎不对,你不能再那样做了。
(2)动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
·Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old like him.
对于像他那样的老年人来说,爬山确实困难。
2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语
此类句式常见的有:
·It’s a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。
·It’s useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的。
·It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
等别人替你做决定是没有用的。
(二)动词-ing形式作宾语
1.作动词的宾语
常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有avoid,miss,postpone,advise,suggest,finish,practise,enjoy,imagine,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mind等。
·Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开窗户吗
·I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.
我不喜欢看电视,但是喜欢听收音机。
·It was obvious that he tried to avoid answering my questions.
很明显他试图对我的问题避而不答。
2.作动词短语的宾语
常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on,object to,be good at,be fond of,lead to,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,devote to,get/be used to,pay attention to等。
·He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持要按照自己的方式做。
【温馨提示】
(1)在有些动词的后面,如start,begin,continue等既可接动词-ing形式也可接动词不定式作宾语,两者意义区别不大。
·They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作,仿佛什么也没发生过。
(2)在love,hate,prefer,like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作,用动词不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
·He preferred staying at home when it rained.
下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing形式作宾语,指每逢天下雨都待在家里)
·I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.
今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语,表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作)
(3)有些动词(短语)后跟动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可,但含义不同。常见的有:
·Please remember to give my best regards to your family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
·I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
·I meant to pay a visit to you the other day.
前几天我打算去拜访你。
·Missing the train means waiting for another hour.
错过了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。
(4)下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
·need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done
(三)动词-ing形式作表语
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1.现在分词作表语,往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有amusing,astonishing,boring,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,interesting,moving,puzzling,surprising等,这类分词有“令人……的”的含义,常修饰物。
·The argument is very convincing and we are all convinced of you.
这个论点很令人信服,我们都相信你。
2.动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容。
三、过去分词作表语
1.意义:用在系动词后面,构成系表结构,表示主语所处的状态。
·It seemed that she looked disappointed.
她似乎看上去很失望。
·There’s no doubt that we were encouraged at the news.
毫无疑问,听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
2.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同,但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较:
3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别:
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉的”,多用来修饰物;其过去分词含有被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉的”,多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。
四、练习
【翻译句子】
1.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。
2.这辆自行车需要修理一下。
3.我可以告诉你,你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。
4.Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
5.他的话令人泄气,使很多人灰心丧气。
Activity 3 Practice
Read the information below and write a paragraph introducing the 24 Solar Terms with the words in the box.
learn determine show amaze use
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms...
Origin
·created by farmers in Ancient China
·based on Chinese lunar calendar
·determined by the changes in the position of the sun
Significance
·changes in weather mean a lot to farmers
·determine the best time to sow and harvest
·wisdom learnt from nature
First term
·Beginning of Spring
·days become longer and the temperature increases
Cultural heritage
·added to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2016
Step Ⅲ Listening
Activity 1 Read the passage about biomimicry and answer the questions.Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
When solving a design problem,you can sometimes look to nature for a solution. One of the early examples is the study of birds to enable human flight.The Wright brothers got their inspiration from observing pigeons in flight, and in 1903 successfully obtained a patent for their designs for the first aeroplane.This approach,called biomimicry,studies and imitates nature’s designs and processes to seek solutions to human problems.There are many types of biomimicry,among which the most common one is copying form and shape. By imitating the beak of a bird, for example, bullet trains can be made to run much faster and more quietly.Another type of biomimicry is taking inspiration from the abilities of animals. Inspired by dolphins,people have learnt how to send signals underwater, which is currently employed in tsunami early-warning systems.
1.What are the types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage What else do you know about them
2.What other examples of biomimicry can you think of Share them with the class.
Activity 2 Complete the information with the words and expressions in Activity 1.
Bats use sound to “see”.But how do they avoid crashing into each other The answer lies in their use of echo-location to identify the position of objects.Scientists are 1. bats to improve radar systems.
As a land species,how can we improve our performance in water.
2. the shape of the scales on a shark’s skin,we have created swimsuits that allow swimmers to swim much faster.
By 3. dragonflies in flight,people have realised there are better ways of flying.Now we are 4. dragonflies with our designs for small drones.
Spider silk is much stronger than the same weight of steel.This means that it could be used in lots of products,such as bullet-proof clothing.But we are still 5. one problem—how to increase the spiders’ output!
Activity 3 Read the passage and answer the questions.
One of the outstanding features of traditional Chinese martial arts is the way they imitate animal movements.This came about because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts,senses and fighting abilities that animals possess in order to survive in the wild.
The first set of animal-imitating exercises came into being about 2,000 years ago.It was called Wu Qin Xi.or Five-animal Exercises,created by Hua Tuo (ca145-208).As a physician during the Han Dynasty,Hua Tuo is often credited with being the first in China to use anesthesia during surgery.He was known as the best physician of his time,and was an expert in acupuncture.
1.Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal movements
2.What were Hua Tuo’s achievements
Activity 4 Listen to the conversation about Wu Qin Xi and tick the topics mentioned by the speakers.
□ 1.The creator of Wu Qin Xi
□ 2.Who can practise the exercises
□ 3.Why these animals were chosen
□ 4.Physical benefits
□ 5.Mental benefits
□ 6.How to teach the exercises
Activity 5 Listen again and complete the introduction to Wu Qin Xi.
Wu Qin Xi was created by Hua Tuo almost 2,000 years ago.It means “Five-animal Exercises”,and each animal is 1. .By doing these exercises,people learn from these animals and help 2. .For example,the tiger exercise 3. the liver.The bear exercise helps people with good digestion.The monkey exercise helps 4. ;the 5. is good for the kidney; and the crane exercise is 6. .Some people believe Wu Qin Xi helps them 7. .Some of the Wu Qin Xi masters lived to 8. ,and still had good eyesight,hearing and strong teeth.Wu Qin Xi has 9. ,too.It can help 10. .
Activity 6 Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
·By...,you learn...
·Really
·It helps people to...
·...is good for...
·That’s interesting!
·That’s very impressive.
·Sounds great!
Talking about benefits
Showing interest
Step Ⅳ Discussion
Work in pairs.Think about other exercises inspired by animals.Discuss how they were created and their benefits,using the words and expressions in this section.
【体系整合】
评价指标 优 良 中 差 自评 互评 师评
基本概念 能准确理解和把握非谓语动词的概念和意义 能基本理解和把握非谓语动词的概念和意义 能理解和把握部分非谓语动词的概念和意义 未能把握非谓语动词的概念和意义
基本结构 能够准确掌握非谓语动词的种类 能基本掌握非谓语动词的种类 能部分掌握非谓语动词的种类 基本上不知道非谓语动词的种类
应用 能够精准地识别文章及高考语法填空中非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语的情况 能够在大部分情况下正确识别文章及高考语法填空中非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语的情况 在较少的情况下,能够正确地识别文章及高考语法填空中非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语的情况 无法在文章及高考语法填空中识别非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语
【高质训练】
核心素养专练
Activity 1 语法专练
1.We found difficult to finish the work on time.
2.We are looking forward to (hear) from Mr Li.
3.He succeeded in (persuade) her to do the job.
4.As we joined the big crowd,I got (lose) from my friends.
Activity 2 翻译句子
1.他脸上困惑的表情表明这个问题令人费解。
2.我们认为使我们的国家变得更好是我们的责任。
高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature 学案
Developing Ideas
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Get the main idea and structure of the passage and the importance of mature to literature;
2.Analyse and summarise the similarities and differences between Tao and Thoreau in social background,reasons and writing styles;
3.Understand Tao and Thoreau’s admiration and love for nature and build up positive attitude to life.
【师生互动】
Step Ⅰ Lead-in
Read the short introductions to Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau and share what else you know about them with the class.
Born into a poor aristocratic family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Tao Yuanming (365—427) was one of China’s greatest poets and a noted recluse.A master of the five-word line,Tao has been described as the first great “poet of fields and gardens”.
Henry David Thoreau (1817—1862) was an American essayist,poet,and philosopher.He began writing nature poetry in his early twenties,with poet Ralph Waldo Emerson as a mentor and friend.In 1845,he began his famous two-year stay at Walden Pond,which he wrote about in his masterwork,Walden.
Step Ⅱ While -reading
Activity 1 Read for the main idea
Read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt from nature.
Activity 2 Read for detailed information
Organise information from the passage and complete the chart.
Activity 3 Think and share
1.Why did it take Tao and Thoreau great courage to walk away from their previous lives
2.Why are their ideas important to our lives today
3.What do you think about living in nature like Tao and Thoreau Give your reasons.
4.Compare the two reading passages in this unit.In what ways does each passage contribute to the unit theme
Step Ⅲ Post-reading
Group pare the quotes by Tao and Thoreau.
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village,The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane,And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
Live in each season as it passes;breathe the air,drink the drink,taste the fruit,and resign yourself to the influences of each.Let them be your only diet,drink and botanical medicines.
1.Find the Chinese version of Tao’s poem,and translate Thoreau’s quote into Chinese.
2.Decide which portrayal of nature you prefer and make notes.
Tao Thoreau
Genres of their works:
Images in their works:
What nature means to them:
What message they try to convey:
3.Organise your thoughts and share them with the class.
【体系整合】
教学目标 目标达成评价等级
A B C D
Get the main idea and structure of the passage and the importance of mature to literature.
Analyse and summarise the similarities and differences between Tao and Thoreau in social background,reasons and writing styles.
Understand Tao and Thoreau’s admiration and love for nature and build positive attitude to life.
【高质训练】
Step Ⅳ 核心素养专练
Language points
1.And yet they shared an intense respect for nature,which made them each an influential figure of their time.
【翻译】 然而,他们对自然有着强烈的尊重,这使得他们每个人成了那个时代有影响力的人物。
【解析】 influential为形容词,表示“有很大影响的”,它还有“有支配力的”含义。
【例句】 She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.
她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。
【拓展】 influence v.影响,起作用 n.影响,作用
influence upon/on sb/sth 对……产生影响
under the influence of 在……的影响下
【练习】 ①He was arrested on suspicion of driving alcohol.
他因涉嫌酒后驾驶被捕。
②This example young people.
这个事例对年轻人有重大的影响。
③Don’t let me you either way.
不要让我在任何方面影响你。
2.Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena,he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.
【翻译】 致力于研究自然现象,他在他的日志中详细记录了他的发现。
【分析】 Devoting himself to...现在分词在句中作状语,通常表示主语在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。
【例句】 Having lived with the girl for years,we all know her well.
和那个女孩儿生活了几年,我们都非常了解她。
【拓展】 现在分词作状语可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句或者并列句。
【练习】 ① ,he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)
因为不知道如何解出这道数学难题,他向老师求助。
②The children ran out of the classroom, .(伴随状语)
孩子们快乐地说着、笑着跑出了教室。
③Their car was caught in a traffic jam, .(结果状语)
他们的车遇上了交通拥堵,结果导致了迟到。
高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature 学案
Presenting Ideas
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Understand the intimate relationship between human and nature and learn to get inspiration from nature to solve their problems and respect the rules of nature;
2.Master the key techniques in writing and giving a lecture and deeply understand the theme of this unit;
3.Get involved in group works and cultivate team cooperation ability.
【师生互动】
Step Ⅰ Lead-in
Look at the pictures and think about what you can learn from nature.
Step Ⅱ Preparation
Activity 1 Group work
Work in groups.Plan a speech on the topic “Nature is our best teacher”.Think about what you have learnt in this unit.
Activity 2 Organise ideas
Organise your ideas by answering the questions.
How can nature help people to solve practical problems in their lives
What lesson can you learn from nature
What else do you think people can learn from nature
How does this unit deepen your understanding of the relationship between people and nature
Activity 3 Preparation
Prepare a short presentation.Consider the following:
Step Ⅲ Present
Share your speech with the class and peer-assess each other’s works based on the evaluation table.Vote for the best speech.
Assessment contents Excellent Good Average Poor
Contents and Structure 5 4 3 1-2
Vocabulary and Grammar 5 4 3 1-2
Pronunciation and Fluency 5 4 3 1-2
Total score 13-15 10-12 7-9 1-6
Step Ⅳ Reflect
Write a reflection after completing this unit.Consider the following:
【体系整合
Reflection
【高质训练】
Step Ⅴ 核心素养专练
Making a short video on inspiration from nature.
People have always drawn inspiration from nature.These days,audiovisual technology further exposes us to the wonder of the natural world.We can use this technology to share the inspiration we get from nature with our families,friends,and other nature-lovers throughout the world.
Starting out & Understanding ideas
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Understand the video,and learn the lessons they learn from the video;
2.Read the text and find the architecture mentioned in the text;
3.Analyse the content of the text and find out the detailed information;
4.Improve critical thinking ability and deepen understanding of the unit theme.
【师生互动】
Step Ⅰ Lead-in
Activity 1 Watch a video
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1.What lessons from nature are mentioned in the video
2.Which one inspires you the most
Activity 2 Prediction
Look at the title of the passage and the pictures.Think about what the title means.
Step Ⅱ While -reading
Activity 1 Read for the main idea
Choose the magazine in which you would most likely find the passage.Give your reasons.
Activity 2 Language points and translation
1.In fact,we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us.
【翻译】 事实上,我们已经习惯了它们的存在,甚至可能把它们视为理所当然,却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
【讲解】
·be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事
·take...for granted 认为……理所当然
【学以致用】
·习惯于从父母那里获得一切,我们总是理所当然地认为父母应该为我们提供他们的一切。
2.It is natural to think in this way,but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
【翻译】 这样思考是很自然的,但当然不是雨伞给了花朵以灵感,也不是屋顶启发了松果。
【讲解】 该句是由but连接的并列句。第二个分句用or连接了两个强调句,分别强调了主语the umbrella和the roof。
【学以致用】
·直到接近信件结尾,她才提及我们的计划。(强调句)
3.The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which/where it sits.
【翻译】 该建筑旨在展示自然和现代城市所处的环境之间的联系。
【讲解】 be designed to do 旨在做某事;in which在此处引导定语从句修饰先行词environment,相当于关系副词where。
【学以致用】
·模拟联合国(MUN)旨在提供一个让参与者可以自由表达观点的舞台。
4.To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms and processes.
【翻译】 利用仿生技术,在自然形态和过程的基础上创造建筑结构。
【讲解】 be based on 根据;基于……;以……为基础
【学以致用】
(1)理论以实践为基础,又反过来为实践提供服务。
(2)基于这一分析,她预测他的公司会很快好转起来。
Step Ⅲ Post-reading
Go through the question and think about it individually,then discuss the questions in groups.
Questions:
Which of the three buildings are you most impressed by And why
【体系整合】
教学目标 目标达成评价等级
A B C D
Understand the video,and grasp the main idea of it.
Read the text and find the architecture mentioned in it.
Analyse the content of the text and find out the detailed information.
Improve critical thinking ability and deepen understanding of the unit theme.
【高质训练】
课文语法填空,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nature has inspired many 1. (architect) around us.Shaped to resemble a lotus flower,the ArtScience Museum seems 2. (float) above the waterfront promenade and the water 3. (surround) it.It collects rainwater 4. the roof and the water is recycled through its own plumbing system.5. (base) on the form and process of termite mounds,Harare’s Eastgate Centre also has little holes on the walls allowing air to move freely in and out of the mounds,thus reducing the need 6. traditional air conditioning and heating systems.In this way,it uses 7. (little) energy and costs less to run.The Algae House is covered in panels containing algae.While the panels provide shade as well as heat and convert it 8. energy,the algae can also be used to produce fuel.The building reduces damage to the environment by 9. (generate) its own renewable energy.In short,nature-inspired buildings enable us 10. (live) in closer harmony with our environment.
高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature
Language studying
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Identify and summarise the forms and functions of non-finite forms as subject,object and predicative through observation and apply them correctly in the context and situation;
2.Express interest in others’ conversation and describe some common phenomena,and be able to use the expressions learned in real life;
3.Understand the general idea of the listening material,and obtain details to complete the table;
4.Use the relevant structures in the listening material to talk about benefits and show interest,then to talk about other exercises inspired by animals.
【师生互动】
StepⅠ Lead-in
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
(a)Today,architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms,...
(b)...it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
(c)Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
(d)Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
1.Look at the “to do” structures in sentences (a) and (b).Do they serve the same function in each sentence
2.In sentence (c),is the -ed form used as an adjective or a past participle Why does the author use the -ed form other than the -ing form
3.What is the function of the -ing form in sentence (d)
Step Ⅱ Analyse and identify
Activity 1 Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. (draw) inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries.Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou.The main principle of its design is 2. (recreate) natural landscapes in miniature.First established in the Ming Dynasty,the original garden contained a rockery to symbolise Tiantai Mountain.Pine and bamboo groves were added later,along with a pond and an island.Visitors would be 3. (astonish) to find the garden modeled closely on natural features.Visitors are also supposed 4. (explore) it scene-by-scene.This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish,to a tree in blossom,a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate.
Activity 2 Grammar points
非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语
一、动词不定式的语法功能
1.动词不定式可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
·As the saying goes,“ To see is to believe.”
俗话说,“眼见为实”。
·The place he wants to go is the Summer Palace.
他想去的地方是颐和园。
2.需要注意的几个问题
(1)动词不定式短语作主语时,往往放在句后,用it作形式主语。
·It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是对的。
(2)动词不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把动词不定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。
·I find it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语很有趣。
(3)能直接跟带to的动词不定式结构的动词主要有agree,ask,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,forget,hope,help,learn,love,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,stop,wish,want等。
·Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave.
离开前别忘了关灯。
二、动词-ing形式的语法功能
(一)动词-ing形式作主语
1.动词-ing形式作主语时,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。
·Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
【温馨提示】
(1)动词不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
·To lie to her is wrong and you can’t do that any more.
对她撒谎不对,你不能再那样做了。
(2)动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
·Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old like him.
对于像他那样的老年人来说,爬山确实困难。
2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语
此类句式常见的有:
·It’s a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。
·It’s useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的。
·It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
等别人替你做决定是没有用的。
(二)动词-ing形式作宾语
1.作动词的宾语
常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有avoid,miss,postpone,advise,suggest,finish,practise,enjoy,imagine,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mind等。
·Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开窗户吗
·I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.
我不喜欢看电视,但是喜欢听收音机。
·It was obvious that he tried to avoid answering my questions.
很明显他试图对我的问题避而不答。
2.作动词短语的宾语
常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on,object to,be good at,be fond of,lead to,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,devote to,get/be used to,pay attention to等。
·He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持要按照自己的方式做。
【温馨提示】
(1)在有些动词的后面,如start,begin,continue等既可接动词-ing形式也可接动词不定式作宾语,两者意义区别不大。
·They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作,仿佛什么也没发生过。
(2)在love,hate,prefer,like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作,用动词不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
·He preferred staying at home when it rained.
下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing形式作宾语,指每逢天下雨都待在家里)
·I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.
今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语,表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作)
(3)有些动词(短语)后跟动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可,但含义不同。常见的有:
·Please remember to give my best regards to your family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
·I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
·I meant to pay a visit to you the other day.
前几天我打算去拜访你。
·Missing the train means waiting for another hour.
错过了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。
(4)下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
·need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done
(三)动词-ing形式作表语
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1.现在分词作表语,往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有amusing,astonishing,boring,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,interesting,moving,puzzling,surprising等,这类分词有“令人……的”的含义,常修饰物。
·The argument is very convincing and we are all convinced of you.
这个论点很令人信服,我们都相信你。
2.动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容。
三、过去分词作表语
1.意义:用在系动词后面,构成系表结构,表示主语所处的状态。
·It seemed that she looked disappointed.
她似乎看上去很失望。
·There’s no doubt that we were encouraged at the news.
毫无疑问,听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
2.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同,但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较:
3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别:
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉的”,多用来修饰物;其过去分词含有被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉的”,多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。
四、练习
【翻译句子】
1.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。
2.这辆自行车需要修理一下。
3.我可以告诉你,你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。
4.Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
5.他的话令人泄气,使很多人灰心丧气。
Activity 3 Practice
Read the information below and write a paragraph introducing the 24 Solar Terms with the words in the box.
learn determine show amaze use
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms...
Origin
·created by farmers in Ancient China
·based on Chinese lunar calendar
·determined by the changes in the position of the sun
Significance
·changes in weather mean a lot to farmers
·determine the best time to sow and harvest
·wisdom learnt from nature
First term
·Beginning of Spring
·days become longer and the temperature increases
Cultural heritage
·added to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2016
Step Ⅲ Listening
Activity 1 Read the passage about biomimicry and answer the questions.Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
When solving a design problem,you can sometimes look to nature for a solution. One of the early examples is the study of birds to enable human flight.The Wright brothers got their inspiration from observing pigeons in flight, and in 1903 successfully obtained a patent for their designs for the first aeroplane.This approach,called biomimicry,studies and imitates nature’s designs and processes to seek solutions to human problems.There are many types of biomimicry,among which the most common one is copying form and shape. By imitating the beak of a bird, for example, bullet trains can be made to run much faster and more quietly.Another type of biomimicry is taking inspiration from the abilities of animals. Inspired by dolphins,people have learnt how to send signals underwater, which is currently employed in tsunami early-warning systems.
1.What are the types of biomimicry mentioned in the passage What else do you know about them
2.What other examples of biomimicry can you think of Share them with the class.
Activity 2 Complete the information with the words and expressions in Activity 1.
Bats use sound to “see”.But how do they avoid crashing into each other The answer lies in their use of echo-location to identify the position of objects.Scientists are 1. bats to improve radar systems.
As a land species,how can we improve our performance in water.
2. the shape of the scales on a shark’s skin,we have created swimsuits that allow swimmers to swim much faster.
By 3. dragonflies in flight,people have realised there are better ways of flying.Now we are 4. dragonflies with our designs for small drones.
Spider silk is much stronger than the same weight of steel.This means that it could be used in lots of products,such as bullet-proof clothing.But we are still 5. one problem—how to increase the spiders’ output!
Activity 3 Read the passage and answer the questions.
One of the outstanding features of traditional Chinese martial arts is the way they imitate animal movements.This came about because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts,senses and fighting abilities that animals possess in order to survive in the wild.
The first set of animal-imitating exercises came into being about 2,000 years ago.It was called Wu Qin Xi.or Five-animal Exercises,created by Hua Tuo (ca145-208).As a physician during the Han Dynasty,Hua Tuo is often credited with being the first in China to use anesthesia during surgery.He was known as the best physician of his time,and was an expert in acupuncture.
1.Why were Chinese martial artists inspired by animal movements
2.What were Hua Tuo’s achievements
Activity 4 Listen to the conversation about Wu Qin Xi and tick the topics mentioned by the speakers.
□ 1.The creator of Wu Qin Xi
□ 2.Who can practise the exercises
□ 3.Why these animals were chosen
□ 4.Physical benefits
□ 5.Mental benefits
□ 6.How to teach the exercises
Activity 5 Listen again and complete the introduction to Wu Qin Xi.
Wu Qin Xi was created by Hua Tuo almost 2,000 years ago.It means “Five-animal Exercises”,and each animal is 1. .By doing these exercises,people learn from these animals and help 2. .For example,the tiger exercise 3. the liver.The bear exercise helps people with good digestion.The monkey exercise helps 4. ;the 5. is good for the kidney; and the crane exercise is 6. .Some people believe Wu Qin Xi helps them 7. .Some of the Wu Qin Xi masters lived to 8. ,and still had good eyesight,hearing and strong teeth.Wu Qin Xi has 9. ,too.It can help 10. .
Activity 6 Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation.
·By...,you learn...
·Really
·It helps people to...
·...is good for...
·That’s interesting!
·That’s very impressive.
·Sounds great!
Talking about benefits
Showing interest
Step Ⅳ Discussion
Work in pairs.Think about other exercises inspired by animals.Discuss how they were created and their benefits,using the words and expressions in this section.
【体系整合】
评价指标 优 良 中 差 自评 互评 师评
基本概念 能准确理解和把握非谓语动词的概念和意义 能基本理解和把握非谓语动词的概念和意义 能理解和把握部分非谓语动词的概念和意义 未能把握非谓语动词的概念和意义
基本结构 能够准确掌握非谓语动词的种类 能基本掌握非谓语动词的种类 能部分掌握非谓语动词的种类 基本上不知道非谓语动词的种类
应用 能够精准地识别文章及高考语法填空中非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语的情况 能够在大部分情况下正确识别文章及高考语法填空中非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语的情况 在较少的情况下,能够正确地识别文章及高考语法填空中非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语的情况 无法在文章及高考语法填空中识别非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语
【高质训练】
核心素养专练
Activity 1 语法专练
1.We found difficult to finish the work on time.
2.We are looking forward to (hear) from Mr Li.
3.He succeeded in (persuade) her to do the job.
4.As we joined the big crowd,I got (lose) from my friends.
Activity 2 翻译句子
1.他脸上困惑的表情表明这个问题令人费解。
2.我们认为使我们的国家变得更好是我们的责任。
高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature 学案
Developing Ideas
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Get the main idea and structure of the passage and the importance of mature to literature;
2.Analyse and summarise the similarities and differences between Tao and Thoreau in social background,reasons and writing styles;
3.Understand Tao and Thoreau’s admiration and love for nature and build up positive attitude to life.
【师生互动】
Step Ⅰ Lead-in
Read the short introductions to Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau and share what else you know about them with the class.
Born into a poor aristocratic family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Tao Yuanming (365—427) was one of China’s greatest poets and a noted recluse.A master of the five-word line,Tao has been described as the first great “poet of fields and gardens”.
Henry David Thoreau (1817—1862) was an American essayist,poet,and philosopher.He began writing nature poetry in his early twenties,with poet Ralph Waldo Emerson as a mentor and friend.In 1845,he began his famous two-year stay at Walden Pond,which he wrote about in his masterwork,Walden.
Step Ⅱ While -reading
Activity 1 Read for the main idea
Read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt from nature.
Activity 2 Read for detailed information
Organise information from the passage and complete the chart.
Activity 3 Think and share
1.Why did it take Tao and Thoreau great courage to walk away from their previous lives
2.Why are their ideas important to our lives today
3.What do you think about living in nature like Tao and Thoreau Give your reasons.
4.Compare the two reading passages in this unit.In what ways does each passage contribute to the unit theme
Step Ⅲ Post-reading
Group pare the quotes by Tao and Thoreau.
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village,The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane,And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
Live in each season as it passes;breathe the air,drink the drink,taste the fruit,and resign yourself to the influences of each.Let them be your only diet,drink and botanical medicines.
1.Find the Chinese version of Tao’s poem,and translate Thoreau’s quote into Chinese.
2.Decide which portrayal of nature you prefer and make notes.
Tao Thoreau
Genres of their works:
Images in their works:
What nature means to them:
What message they try to convey:
3.Organise your thoughts and share them with the class.
【体系整合】
教学目标 目标达成评价等级
A B C D
Get the main idea and structure of the passage and the importance of mature to literature.
Analyse and summarise the similarities and differences between Tao and Thoreau in social background,reasons and writing styles.
Understand Tao and Thoreau’s admiration and love for nature and build positive attitude to life.
【高质训练】
Step Ⅳ 核心素养专练
Language points
1.And yet they shared an intense respect for nature,which made them each an influential figure of their time.
【翻译】 然而,他们对自然有着强烈的尊重,这使得他们每个人成了那个时代有影响力的人物。
【解析】 influential为形容词,表示“有很大影响的”,它还有“有支配力的”含义。
【例句】 She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.
她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。
【拓展】 influence v.影响,起作用 n.影响,作用
influence upon/on sb/sth 对……产生影响
under the influence of 在……的影响下
【练习】 ①He was arrested on suspicion of driving alcohol.
他因涉嫌酒后驾驶被捕。
②This example young people.
这个事例对年轻人有重大的影响。
③Don’t let me you either way.
不要让我在任何方面影响你。
2.Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena,he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.
【翻译】 致力于研究自然现象,他在他的日志中详细记录了他的发现。
【分析】 Devoting himself to...现在分词在句中作状语,通常表示主语在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。
【例句】 Having lived with the girl for years,we all know her well.
和那个女孩儿生活了几年,我们都非常了解她。
【拓展】 现在分词作状语可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句或者并列句。
【练习】 ① ,he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)
因为不知道如何解出这道数学难题,他向老师求助。
②The children ran out of the classroom, .(伴随状语)
孩子们快乐地说着、笑着跑出了教室。
③Their car was caught in a traffic jam, .(结果状语)
他们的车遇上了交通拥堵,结果导致了迟到。
高二英语下学期Unit 5 Learning from Nature 学案
Presenting Ideas
【目标展示】
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
1.Understand the intimate relationship between human and nature and learn to get inspiration from nature to solve their problems and respect the rules of nature;
2.Master the key techniques in writing and giving a lecture and deeply understand the theme of this unit;
3.Get involved in group works and cultivate team cooperation ability.
【师生互动】
Step Ⅰ Lead-in
Look at the pictures and think about what you can learn from nature.
Step Ⅱ Preparation
Activity 1 Group work
Work in groups.Plan a speech on the topic “Nature is our best teacher”.Think about what you have learnt in this unit.
Activity 2 Organise ideas
Organise your ideas by answering the questions.
How can nature help people to solve practical problems in their lives
What lesson can you learn from nature
What else do you think people can learn from nature
How does this unit deepen your understanding of the relationship between people and nature
Activity 3 Preparation
Prepare a short presentation.Consider the following:
Step Ⅲ Present
Share your speech with the class and peer-assess each other’s works based on the evaluation table.Vote for the best speech.
Assessment contents Excellent Good Average Poor
Contents and Structure 5 4 3 1-2
Vocabulary and Grammar 5 4 3 1-2
Pronunciation and Fluency 5 4 3 1-2
Total score 13-15 10-12 7-9 1-6
Step Ⅳ Reflect
Write a reflection after completing this unit.Consider the following:
【体系整合
Reflection
【高质训练】
Step Ⅴ 核心素养专练
Making a short video on inspiration from nature.
People have always drawn inspiration from nature.These days,audiovisual technology further exposes us to the wonder of the natural world.We can use this technology to share the inspiration we get from nature with our families,friends,and other nature-lovers throughout the world.