03 冠词专项复习课件 2024中考英语二轮复习（知识讲解+真题解析+能力拔高）【通用版】

(共48张PPT)
03 冠词专项复习
2024年中考二轮复习
Content
命题趋势分析
01
知识系统构建
02
知识点(真题)解析
03
能力拔高特训
04
目录
命题趋势分析
冠词的命题方向主要就三点：
一、不定冠词的各种使用情况；
二、定冠词各种使用情况；
三、不用冠词的各种使用情况。
冠词是中考必考的命题点，从近几年的中考情况来看，定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词都是常考的点，都属于高频考点。
考查题型以单项选择为主，有时也会在完形填空、完成句子等类型的题目中出现。
知识系统构建
知识点(真题)
解析
冠词是加在名词前面的一种辅助词，帮助说明这个名词的含义，在句子中不能单独充当句子成分，是一种虚词。
冠词的定义和分类
冠词定义
冠词分为定冠词the和不定冠词a/ an两种，其不用冠词的情况也称零冠词。
冠词分类
不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用在以辅音开头的词前，an用在以元音开头的词前。
a book 一本书 an apple 一个苹果 a house 一座房子
不定冠词
判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头,是根据读音而不是根据字母。
an hour/a (r)/一小时
a university/ju:nrv s ti/一所大学
an island/ail nd/一座岛
定冠词只有the一种形式
the book 这本书 the author 这个作者
the writer 这个作家 the age 那个时代
the police 这个警察 the end 结束
定冠词
名词前不加冠词:by train乘火车
零冠词
1.用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一类，这是不定冠词的基本用法。
Give me a book.给我一本书。
They are waiting for a bus.他们在等公共汽车。
不定冠词用法
冠词的具体用法
2.在月份、星期及evening, night, morning, afternoon等名词前有修饰定语时，用不定冠词。
A cold March is usually in the Northeast.东北的三月往往是冷的。
On a windy morning he came back.在一个多风的早上他回来了。
3.用在作同位语、表语的单数可数名词前，泛指身份、职业
My father, a teacher of English, works very hard.我爸爸是英语教师，工作很努力。
4.表示“同一”的意思
They were nearly of an age.他们几乎同岁。
The two shirts are much of a size.两件衬衫大小差不多。
5.指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物
A reporter wants to see you.有位记者要见你。
Lend me a story-book, will you 借本故事书给我看，好吗
6.在表示价格、速度、比率等的名词前表示“每一”
four times a day 每天四次
sixty miles an hour每小时60英里
7.用在“such a...”,“quite a...”,“many a...”,“rather a...”,“so＋形容词＋a+单数可数名词”的结构中
She is such a beauty.她就是这么一个美人。
His lazy son is quite a bother to him.他的懒儿子很令他伤脑筋。
8.第一次提到或出现“某一个”，但并不特别指明具体情况
One day, an old woman went into a shop with her grandson.一天，一位老妇带着孙子进了一家商店。
She was puzzled by a poster.她被一张海报搞糊涂了。
9.用于序数词前,表示“又一，再一”
Would you like a second chance 你想再要一次机会吗
10.表示“类别”，表示一类人或事物
A horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的动物。
A doctor is a person who saves people's life.医生就是拯救人们生命的人。
1．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）There are 60 minutes in ________ hour.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：一小时有六十分钟。考查冠词。此处是表示泛指，且hour是以元音音素开头，应用an，故选B。
真题再现
2．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）The C919 is ______ large plane made by China.
A．a B．an C．the
【答案】A
【详解】句意：C919是中国制造的大型飞机。考查冠词辨析。此处表示泛指，且large是以辅音音素开头的，故选A。
3．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）My mother is making ________ apple pie and I want to try ________ piece.
A．a; an B．a; 不填 C．an; a D．an; 不填
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我妈妈正在做一个苹果派，我想尝一口。考查冠词用法。空一处泛指“一个苹果派”，且apple是以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an，可排除AB选项；空二是指“尝一块”，try a piece表示“尝一块”。故选C。
4．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）China is ________ country with a history of more than 5,000 years.
A．the B．a C．an D．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：中国是一个有着五千多年历史的国家。考查不定冠词表泛指。the表特指；a一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/不用冠词。根据“country”可知应用不定冠词泛指“一个国家”，且其为辅音音素开头的单词，因此不定冠词用a。故选B。
5．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—What do you think of the guide book Lonely Planet
—Oh, it is really _________ useful one. You can always find _________ information you need while traveling.
A．a; a B．an; an C．a; the D．an; the
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你觉得指南书《Lonely Planet》怎么样？——哦，它真的很有用。旅行时你总能找到你需要的信息。考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一本有用的书”，useful以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，排除BD；第二个空特指“你需要的信息”，用定冠词the。故选C。
6．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）The 31st Summer Universiade (大运会) is ________ big event for Chengdu.
A．a B．an C．the
【答案】A
【详解】句意：第31届世界大学生夏季运动会是成都的一件大事。考查冠词。空后event是单数名词，此处表示泛指，且big是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处用不定冠词a修饰，故选A。
1.特指某个/些人或事物，或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物
Shut the door, please.请关上门。
Give me the pencil.把那支铅笔给我。
2.用在主要由普通名词构成的专有名词前
the People's Daily《人民日报》
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党
定冠词用法
3.对前面已提到过的人或事物，第二次提到时加定冠词，用以表示特指
I found a picture in the box. The picture was very beautiful.在箱子里发现一张画，这张画非常漂亮。
Once there lived a lion in a forest. Every day the lion went about to look for food.从前在一片森林里有一只狮子,它每天到处寻找食物。
4.在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前加定冠词
the Pacific(Ocean)太平洋 the Red Sea红海 the Thames泰晤士河
5.用在序数词、形容词最高级前
January is the first month of the year.元月是一年中的第一个月。
6.用在某些形容词前，表示“一类人”。
the old老年人,the young青年人, the poor穷人,the rich富人
7.用在表示宇宙间独一无二的事物的名词前
the sun 太阳,the moon月亮,the earth地球,the sky天空.
8.用在单数名词之前表示一类人或事物
The elephant is an animal.大象是动物。
The orange is a kind of fruit.橘子是一种水果。
9.用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或一个家族。
The Wangs have moved.王家已经搬家了。
The Bakers came to see us yesterday.昨天贝克一家来看我们。
10.用在表示方向、方位的名词前
in the east在东面,in the south在南面,in the west在西面
11.“the+形容词比较级,＋the+形容词比较级”表示“越······越····..”
The sooner you go, the sooner you will be back.走得越早你就回得越早。
12.用在乐器名词前
play the violin拉小提琴 play the flute吹笛
13.当名词被短语或从句修饰时，名词前要加定冠词
The book on the desk is mine.桌子上的那本书是我的。
This is the present I received yesterday.这是我昨天收到的礼物。
14.用在一些固定词组中
in the end 结果,in the morning 在早晨,by the way 顺便问一下,on the whole 大体上
1．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Hangzhou will hold ________ 19th Asian Games in 2023.
A．a B．an C．the
【答案】C
【详解】句意：杭州将于2023年举办第19届亚运会。考查冠词。此处是特指第19届亚运会，序数词前需要用定冠词the，故选C。
真题再现
2．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Hi, Lily, have you ever heard of Zibo, ________ city in ________ center of Shandong province, is known for its barbecue these days
—Sure. I expect to visit it and have a taste of the special food.
A．a, a B．a, the C．the, the
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——嗨，莉莉，你听说过淄博吗？淄博是山东省中部的一个城市，最近以烧烤闻名。——当然。我想去参观一下，尝尝那里的特色食物。考查冠词的用法。第一处泛指一个城市，“city”首字母发辅音音素，用a；in the center of“在……中部”，固定短语。故选B。
1.在大多数专有名词前
Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
His name is Jack Green.他的名字叫杰克·格林。
2.复数可数名词或不可数名词表示泛指意义而不是特指意义时
They are teachers, not students.他们是老师,不是学生。
People in the south like rice.南方人喜欢吃米饭。
不用冠词的情况
3.泛指的复数词表示“一类人或事物”时，不用冠词
Computers are being used in many ways.计算机正在很多方面被应用。
Desks and chairs are usually made of wood.桌椅通常是木制的。
4.物质名词或抽象名词前
Failure is the mother of succss.失败是成功之母。
Desks and chairs are usually made of wood.桌椅通常是木制的。
5.在称呼语或表示官衔职位的名词前，不用冠词
Good morning, mum!妈妈,早上好！
Doctor, I am not feeling well.医生,我感觉不好。
6.在表示泛指的三餐饭和茶点等的名称前
Have you had breakfast 你吃过早饭了吗
What did you have for supper 你晚饭吃什么了
7.表示学科、疾病、球类、游戏、颜色和感官名称的名词前
White is a beautiful colour.白色是美丽的颜色。
Smell is one of the five senses.嗅觉是5种感官之一。
8.在某些习惯用语中的名词前，不用冠词
go to school 去上学,go to bed 去睡觉,be in hospital 住院,be in prison 坐牢
be at table 在吃饭,at noon(night)在中午(夜晚),at first 首先,at last最后
9.在节日、假日等名称前
New Year's Day 元旦,National Day 国庆节
May Day 五一劳动节,Children's Day 儿童节
10.与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前
by bike骑自行车,by bus 公共汽车
by tube 乘地铁,by coach 乘长途公共汽车
11.名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词或限定词时，不用冠词
My pen is much more expensive than yours.我的钢笔比你的贵多了。
I want to read some books about history.我想读一些关于历史的书。
1．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Yangzhou is ________ city full of ________ history, culture and mouthwatering food.
A．the; a B．a; a C．the; the D．a; /
【答案】D
【详解】句意：扬州是一座充满历史、文化和令人垂涎的美食的城市。考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一个城市”，city以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，排除AC；根据“full of...history, culture...”可知此处指充满历史、文化等的城市，此处history是不可数名词，排除B。故选D。
真题再现
在某些习惯用语中，用还是不用冠词意义不同，有时甚至差别很大，使用时要特别注意.
in hospital 住院,in the hospital 在医院里
go to sea 出海,go to the sea 去海边
on earth 究竟,on the earth 地球上,在世上
in front of在······(外部的)前面,in the front of在······(内部的)前面
take place 发生,take the place of 代替
【知识拓展】
at table 进餐,at the table 在桌子旁
by sea 乘船,by the sea 在海边
in future 从今以后、将来,in the future 未来
go to school 上学,go to the school 到学校去
go to church 做礼拜,go to the church 到教堂去
two of us 我们当中的两人,the two of us 我们两人(共计两人)
能力拔高特训
1. It is said that Panda Ya Ya will live ________ rest of her life in her hometown, China.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
2. But _____ last one that came out was not strong at all.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. —Mom, why do we buy ______ apartment in the countryside
—Because there is ______ serious pollution in the city.
A. a; an B. an; / C. the; a D. /; the
一、单项选择
C
C
B
4. China is ________ eastern country and it lies in ________ east of Asia.
A. an; / B. a ; an C. /; an D. an; the
5. Elliot is ________ 8-year-old boy. He is going to be ________ break dancer when he grows up.
A. an; a B. a; an C. the; a D. an; the
6. Tina is ________ American girl, but now she is studying in ________ university in China.
A. an; the B. a; the C. a; an D. an; a
D
A
D
7.—How are you going to be_______writer
—I'm going to keep on writing_______stories.
A.a;/ B./;the C.a;the D.the;/
8.—Betty began to play _______violin at the age of four.
—No wonder she plays so well.
A.a B.an C.the D./
A
C
9.China is_________country with a history of more than 5,000 years.
A.the B.a C.an D./
10.We should give ________disabled a helping hand when they need help.
A.a B.an C.the D./
11.—Have you heard of Xu Fengcan,_______excellent pilot
—Yes,she made every effort on ______way to growing into a real pilot.
A.the;/ B.the;a C.an;the D.an;/
B
C
C
二.用合适的冠词填空。
1.She has got two cats now._____ black and white one is
called Rosie and ____ brown one is Joseph.
2.—What ___ heavy rain it was!
—Yes, but I love ____ air after it rains.It smells so fresh.
3.Mr.Smith is ____ old man and he usually walks his dog after__ supper.
The
the
a
the
an
/
4.—Kate,are you ______ only child in your family
—Yes,but ___ new baby is on the way.
5.—When will ____ car race begin
—I’m not sure. Maybe next week or maybe ____ week after next.
6.—Are you going to ____ football match tonight
—I wish I could,but I’m meeting ___ VIP from Oklahoma.
the
a
the
the
the
a
7.—Judy, how was ____ camping
—The other campers were nice, and we had ___ fun time together.
8.I cut the map into pieces and handed them over to her,
asking her to put those pieces together and make ___ complete map again.
9.There are a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them
are about how to live ___ good life.
10.It is really one of ____ most interesting museums that I have ever visited!
the
a
a
a
the
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin