人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration 大单元整体学习学程设计
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration 大单元整体学习学程设计 |  | |
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高二英语
大单元整体学习学程设计
Book 7 Unit 3 Sea Exploration
——Create a poster for World Oceans Day
班级:____________
小组:____________
姓名:____________
单元概述
【单元内容】
The theme of this unit is people and nature, focusing on "Sea Exploration". Protecting sea ecosystem is important for the development of a harmonious relationship between humans and the sea. We will read and learn about history and significance of sea exploration. What’s more, we will learn how to express your opinions on sea exploration and sea protection in argumentative essays. At last, we will read more passages to realize the importance of sea conservation and take joint actions to respect and protect nature. Hope all of us will make a difference in our daily life.
【课标要求】
核心素养 课标要求
语言能力 语言知识 词汇 能正确使用与“海洋探索”主题相关的词和词块来理解和表达。
语法 能够理解动词不定式在语篇中做不同成分的用法，并在不同语境中进行综合运用。
语篇 1.阅读介绍中国海洋探索历史的文章，了解中国古代和现代的海洋探索进程，理解说明文的结构特点和说明方法。 2.阅读关于海洋开发利弊的正反论述，理解议论文的结构特征。
语用 能够就话题恰当地表达自己的观点。
语言技能 听 听研究员与学生营员在观鲸营活动结束后的谈话，了解鲸类的有关知识，观鲸活动的基本内容。
说 能够在叙述探访海洋生物的计划时，自觉利用表达顺序的话语标记，使表达条理清晰、层次分明。
读 1.阅读中国海洋探索和对外贸易的悠久历史，体会“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的意义，理解说明文的语篇结构和写作手法。 2.阅读两篇议论性质的短文，掌握议论文的文体结构和语言特征，树立正确的海洋发展观。
写 能够有理有据地写出关于海洋开发利弊的议论文。
看 观看“科学号”科考船的视频，梳理我国在深海研究方面所进行的探索、取得的成就及原因。
学习能力 1.能够快速阅读语篇，判断说明文和议论文的文体特点。 2.能够正确理解和提炼图表蕴含的信息和所支持的论点。 3.能够在听的过程中根据话语标记抓任所听内容的逻辑层次，准确把握传递的信息。
文化意识 1.能够正确理解海洋探索对于建设现代化强国、促进世界和平与发展的重要意义，了解海洋治理面临的挑战，加强海洋保护意识。 2.通过了解中国古代的海洋探索成就和现代的海洋科研进展，理解建设“21世纪 海上丝绸之路”的重要意义，增强民族自豪感和使命感，增强海洋科硏的探索 精神。
思维品质 1.能够根据上下文提供的信息和语言特点判断作者的论点和论据。 2.能够辩证地看待海洋开发，形成正确的现代海洋发展观。 3.能够把海洋保护与整个人类与自然的和谐生存实际相联系，提升人类命运共同体的意识。
【单元目标】
By the end of the unit, we will be able to:
1. Fill in the structure of the process and significance of China’s sea exploration and figure out the importance of sea exploration.
2. Introduce what happened in whale watching camp and form your opinion on research on whales and sea creatures.
3. express your opinions on sea exploration in an argumentation to arouse thought about the relationship between the sea and humans;
4. create a poster for World Oceans Day to make joint efforts to build marine ecosystems, reconstruct the theme of sea exploration to have a better understanding of the whole unit.
【单元任务】
World Oceans Day takes place on 8 June every year. It is now celebrated in over100 countries with hundreds of special events broadcast across the globe. The day is marked in a variety of ways, including the launching of new campaigns and initiatives, and holding special events, all working to advance ocean conservation and education. Please create a poster for World Oceans Day to appeal to others to protect the ocean and promote the development of a harmonious relationship between humans and ocean.
【学习导航&课时安排】
Stage Overall Perception Exploration& Construction Application& Transfer Reconstruction & Extension
Period 1 5 1 2
【单元学习目标追求】
After learning about basic information of Unit3, we should set clear goals for the study of this unit.
Sea Exploration
——Talk about sea exploration and its influences
【Learning Objectives】
1. Brainstorm words and expressions about sea and sea exploration.
2. Share what you know about sea exploration.
3. Discuss and talk about the influence of sea exploration.
【Context and Task】
To raise students’ awareness of protecting the ocean, our school will celebrate Word Oceans Day. Everyone is expected to create a poster for World Oceans Day. To make good preparations, let’s search and share related information about sea and sea exploration in class.
Activity 1: Construct the vocabulary about sea and sea exploration.
Activity 2 Talk about sea exploration
1. What do you know about sea exploration before this class
What influence do you think sea exploration has
Sea Exploration
——Express your opinions on sea exploration
【Learning Objectives】
1. Abstract the main marine events and its results according to timeline to explore the history and significance of China’s sea exploration.
2. Introduce what happened in whale watching camp and form your opinion on research on whales and sea creatures.
2. List the arguments and evidence of different opinions on sea exploration and voice your own opinion on sea exploration.
【Context and Task】
Sea life is colorful and people have explored it for centuries. But does it help to protect the sea or cause damage to the sea Voice your opinion in a micro forum on sea exploration.
Activity 3: Explore the process of China’s sea exploration from ancient times to the present.
1. Guessing game: navigators(航海家)
2. Read for genre
1) Look at the title and skim the text，What type of essay is it？_________
A. Narrative : a story with a beginning + middle + end. B. Descriptive : a subject + interesting details
C. Expository : a subject+ factual information D. Argumentative : an idea + to convince the reader
2) How is the passage developed ___________
A. time sequence B. problem and solution C. compare and contrast D. cause and effect
3. Read for main idea.
1) Read and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships.
Para.2 B.Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para.3 C.In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para.4 D. Zheng He's sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para.5 E.The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para.6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
4. Read for detail
Abstract the main marine events and its results according to timeline.
5. Critical Thinking：
Is sea exploration a good thing or a bad thing Why _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Micro Forum on Sea Exploration” and present in class.
There is an activity called “Micro Forum on Sea Exploration” in our class. Think about the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative and give your facts and opinions.
Name Micro Forum on Sea Exploration
Content The effect brought by reaching out across the sea
The development of China’s sea exploration
The challenges that China is facing in sea exploration
The significance of the Belt and Road
Activity 4: Interview the head researcher in a watching whale camp.
Listen to the head researcher talking to the campers at the end of the day. What three things were the campers asked to do
①______________________________________________________________________
②______________________________________________________________________
③______________________________________________________________________
Listen to Luke’s part of the conversation again. Number the following sentences in the correct order. Then work out what they have done at the camp.
After that, we gave the group of whales a name, and each member a number.
They will be added to the directory so we can identify them in the future.
Most whales have slightly different fins and marks, which can help us to tell them apart.
Meanwhile, we also noted their location, so we can track their movements and plot their migration path.
Then we took pictures of their fins.
Finally, we contacted other whale research groups around the world to share the information with them.
1 First, we followed a group of whales with the boat.
Later, we created a database of their fins and locations.
3. Listen to the conversation again and answer the questions.
1). How many species of whales are there
______________________________________________________________________________
2). What is the criterion to divide the main types of whales
______________________________________________________________________________
3). What do whales use sounds for
______________________________________________________________________________
4). Why do the campers take pictures of the whales’ fins
______________________________________________________________________________
5). Why do they contact other research groups
______________________________________________________________________________
Activity 5: Creative Talking and Speaking
Introduce what happened in whale watching camp, using the expressions in the box below.
Activity 6：Construct the structure and writing skills of the two texts
1. Read for structure:
What is the text type of the two passages
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What are the three parts in argumentative essay
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Besides facts and examples, what other ways can be used to help evidences to prove the points
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Read for details:
Read the two texts on page 32 in the textbook and find the arguments and evidence in them.
Text 1 Text 2
Arguments
Evidence
Activity 7：Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration.
Discuss the questions within your groups and note down your argument and evidence.
What is your opinion about sea exploration Do you agree with one argument more than the other
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts Why or why not
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Finish the outline according to the above questions.
3. Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration.
4. Exchange drafts. Use the checklist to give feedback on your partner’s draft.
Division of roles in groups:
Read the text.
Introduce the structure of the text.
Share one favorite sentence& reason.
Evaluate the composition as a whole. (1 positive point)
Checklist Yes No
Does the writer explain why he/she think so
Does the writer describe the pros and cons of sea exploration
Does the writer make a conclusion of his/her argument
Is the text well-organized with linking words
Did the writer make a comparison with useful expressions learned in class
Sea Exploration
—— Create a poster for World Oceans Day
【Learning Objectives】
Find out the effects of plastic waste in the sea.
2. Share your solutions about sea protection in an argumentative essay.
3. Create a poster for World Oceans Day to appeal others to protect the ocean.
【Context and Task】
World Oceans Day takes place on 8 June every year, aiming at advancing ocean conservation and education. Each year, World Oceans Day has a theme for the events on that day. Our school will celebrate the day and you are required to create a poster for World Oceans Day.
Activity 8: Find out the effects of plastic waste.
Look at the picture on page 78. What can you see on the beach Where do you think they came from
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Read the passage and answer the questions.
(1) What alarming discovery did the scientists make
____________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) What is the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”
____________________________________________________________________________________________
(3) Why does “micro plastic” make things even worse
____________________________________________________________________________________________
(4) How does The Ocean Cleanup project work
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 9: Write an argumentative essay about sea protection.
Choose a topic from the box below and list facts to support your point. You can also choose your own topic.
protecting sea animals preventing oil spills/petrol leaks preserving sea resources reducing pollution collecting sea waste promoting better understanding of and respect for the sea
Topic
Facts illustrate the issue
Solutions
Supportive facts and how they work
Write an argumentative essay about sea protection.
Activity 10：Create a poster for World Oceans Day.
Figure out the basic information about “World Oceans Day.”
Content Information
Time
Place
Event
Participant
Purpose
Theme
Decide on the main items of a poster referring to the examples below.
Create a poster for World Oceans Day in your group.
According to the sample above, work in groups to choose one theme and event from the boxes below and give a short presentation to the class.
Pick a theme
Create an event
Write your poster and present it before class.
【Reflection】
Sea Exploration
——Reconstruct as a whole about sea exploration
【Learning Aims】
1. Broaden your horizons by reading the provided extensive reading materials.
2. Reconstruct the mind map of sea exploration to have a better understanding of the whole unit.
3. Take actions to protect the ocean in our daily life.
【单元拓展】
Activity 11: Group article reading
Group Articles Reading: read theme-related passages and answer the following questions below.
A NEW DIMENSION OF LIFE
词数：441 文体：日记 摘自：人教版Book7 Unit3
水下世界里到底有什么奇妙的生物？让我们跟随作者去看看吧...
19th January
I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day–a day of pure magic! I went snorkelling on the reef offshore this morning and it was the most fantastic thing I have ever done. Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. It was like discovering a whole new dimension of life.
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens. The corals were fantastic—they were shaped like fans, plates, brains, lace, mushrooms, the branches of trees and the horns of deer. And all kinds of small, neat and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.
The fish didn’t seem to mind me swimming among them. I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed. And I also loved the small fish that clean the bodies of larger fish—I even saw them get inside their mouths and clean their teeth! It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight: the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth; a yellow-spotted red sea-slug was sliding by a blue sea-star; a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.
There were other creatures that I didn’t want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth, with only its head showing from a hole, watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe!) ; and the giant clam halt buried in some coral waiting for something to swim in between its thick green lips. Then there were two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, which suddenly appeared from behind some coral. I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!
The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. It marked a boundary and I thought I was very brave when I swam over the edge of the reef and hung there looking down into the depths of the ocean. My heart was beating wildly—I felt very exposed in such deep clear water.
What a wonderful, limitless world it was down there! And what a tiny spot I was in this enormous world!
Comprehending
Read the passage and number the paragraph topics in the correct order.
Topic Paragraph
colours and shapes
dangers
reflecting
the reef’s edge
a final thought
some sea creatures
What did he think after seeing such extraordinary beauty
China's first national maritime museum enhances public awareness of sea protection
词数：268 文体：新闻 摘自：China Daily Online
中国第一个国家海洋博物馆在天津开放了，我们一起来看一下吧
Scheduled to open to the public in June 2019, China's first national maritime museum in the harbor city of Tianjin is expected to provide a visual feast for ocean lovers around the globe, as well as abundant materials for China's maritime research and protection.
Covering an area of 150,000 square meters, the three-story museum has been dubbed the "ocean version of China's Palace Museum," as its 23,000-square-meter exhibition hall covers a wide range of themes including marine ecology and environment, science education and interactive programs, as well as Chinese maritime culture and history.
Featuring countless life-size models of ancient marine animals, precious fossils and cultural relics, the museum aims to provide its audience a comprehensive understanding of the abundance of China's ocean resources. Historical records documenting ancient Chinese exploration of the oceans will also be included in the museum's collection, showing China's long history as a leading maritime power.
In addition to an extensive collection of maritime materials, cutting-edge technologies have also been used to help the visitors have a better understanding of ocean ecology. Smart encyclopedia and online searching systems enable visitors to acquire specific information about sea life, while an AI-controlled lighting system and VR equipment will provide the audience with an immersive experience into the deep ocean.
On May 1st, the National Maritime Museum went into trial operation, offering free access to Chinese citizens to have a sneak peek into the enormous museum. According to the museum, all exhibition centres will open to the public in June, along with high-tech interactive programs, while themed shopping centres, cultural product shops will also be available in June.
Comprehending
When will China's first national maritime museum open Where is it
What can you see in this museum
A Massive New Vacuum Cleaner
词数：322 文体:说明文 摘自：网络资源
来自加拿大的12名学生发明了一款可以清理沙子中塑料微粒的真空吸尘器，有助于保护海洋。
It's alreay challenging enough for environmentalists to keep beaches clear of washed-up trash and plastic debris (残骸), but the most difficult problem lies in cleaning up all of the millions of tiny microplastics that are impossible to pick up and separate from the sand.
Fortunately, a group of engineering students succeeded in developing a massive new vacuum (真空) cleaner that can collect microplastics without removing any of the sand from the beach. The 12 Canadian students from the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec built their Hoola One plastic vacuum cleaner as a class project.
“We did some research and we realized there was no machine around the world to do this kind of job, " Hoola One co-founder Sam Duval told Hawaii Public Radio. “So we told each other, 'We will invent It,’ and we did it.”
As a means of testing their machine’s efficiency, they recently used it on the sands of Hawaiis Kamilo Beach, which is also notorious for being one of the dirtiest beaches in the world. Though their first prototype(原型) experienced a number of technical issues, the students managed to fix the problems and tidy up the beach.
Using a handheld tube, the machine sucks (吸入) up plastic and sand and dumps them all into a massive water tank. Since rocks and sand are heavier than plastic, they sink to the bottom of the tank so they can be dumped back onto the beach. The plastic, on the other hand, floats to the top of the tank.
According to Hawaii Public Radio, the team left the Hoola One vacuum on the island as a donation to the state department. They are now researching the ecological effects of the vacuum on the beach while they are searching for funding and sponsorships (赞助) to produce more Hoola One vacuums.
Comprehending
What can the plastic vacuum cleaner do
What makes the cleaner possible to separate plastic from the sand
Top technology propels China's deep-sea manned submersible
词数：419 文体:新闻报道 摘自： Xinhua
中国深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”号2020年11月10日在西太平洋马里亚纳海沟最深处成功下潜至10909米，创下国内新纪录。
China's new deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe (Striver) set a national record by diving to a depth of 10,909 meters in the Mariana Trench on Tuesday. The record dive was enabled by several deep-sea technologies involving materials, energy supply and communications.
The submersible embodies China's progress in deep-sea technologies and its increasing capabilities in ocean detection and research.
It carried three experts to conduct scientific research for about six hours on the bed of the Mariana Trench. Ye Cong, chief designer of the submersible, told the Science and Technology Daily that the first challenge is dealing with the extreme water pressure, which is equivalent to 2,000 elephants stepping on a person's back.
That places a high demand on materials and structural design. In addition to withstanding the huge water pressure, the submersible has to carry personnel and a number of scientific equipment, which further increases the challenge during manufacturing, Ye said.
The submersible uses titanium alloy to build the shell of the manned cabin, which not only withstands water pressure but also reduces the weight as it is light, and provides more space inside the cabin.
The ball-shaped manned cabin was constructed with an innovative welding method that reduced the number of seams and increased reliability.
The deep-sea area below 6,000 meters is key to solving major scientific problems such as the origin of life and the evolution of the earth. The submersible can take images of seabed topography and marine organisms, and can use its robotic arms to take samples of ocean life and seabed sediments.
According to state broadcaster CCTV, the robotic arm can rotate 360 degrees and can operate at an accuracy of one centimeter.
The submersible is powered by a specially-designed lithium battery that can ensure stable power supply in the deep sea.
It was supported by two mother ships Tansuo-1 and Tansuo-2, on which the key equipment such as the submersible deployment and retrieval systems are domestically produced.
The submersible is equipped with an advanced acoustic communication system that allows it to receive instructions from the mother ship, transmit data, navigate, and measure the depth of the ocean floor.
Bao Gengsheng, a researcher from the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said although China has 10,000-meter deep-sea unmanned submersibles, the development of manned submersibles is necessary.
Manned submersibles have better maneuverability and can carry more scientific equipment for conducting underwater research. The development of manned submersibles will also contribute to breakthroughs in key technologies for deep-sea exploration, Bao said.
Comprehending
What else do you know about deep-sea manned submersible What’s the significance of it
【单元重构】
Activity 12：Reconstruct the mind map of this unit.
Unit 3 Sea and Exploration单元过关
I.单词拼写(每空1分，共11分)
1. Few Europeans who had ventured(冒险去) beyond the Himalayas returned to tell the____________(故事).
2. He bargained with the____________(商人) for an hour before he bought the book.
3. Careful maintenance can______________(延长) the life of your car.
4.The government will not_____________(谈判) with terrorist.
5. They___________(看见) a bright star shining in the sky last night.
6. The New England team is the worst in the______________(联赛).
7. On the last day, we went to the biggest________________(皇家的) palace.
8. You may think that your apple pie has only sugar and_____________(香料)in it.
9. Troops_________________(撤退) from the northeast of the country last March.
10. The_______________(频道) is only available on cable, which makes him very annoyed
11. The agreement strengthened the___________(关系) between the two countries.
Ⅱ.选词填空（每空2分，共10分）
1. He is determined to___________ his life_________ science.
2.____________, it's always a good idea to be kind and polite.
3. Shall I_________your name__________ the list
4. Poor educational performance__________________bad studying habits.
5. The most important thing is to_______________and____________to avoid a trade war.
III.完成句子（每空3分，共12分）
1.这些训练活动形成了现代瑜伽的基础。
These exercises _________ ___________ __________ _______________modern yoga.
2.1492年哥伦布到达了现在称作美洲的地方。
In 1492, Columbus___________ _________________ is now called America.
3.我们应该过低碳的生活,以便我们能保护环境。
We should live a low-carbon life_________ ______________ ______________ ___________ ________________the environment.
4.急需采取有效的措施来得到这家公司。
___________ ______________ _________________ ___________________ ________________ to take effective measures to take possession of this company.
IV.课文语法填空（每空2分，共20分）
Reaching out across the sea
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1.________(found) of mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilizations.
Marco Polo's tales Inspired European explorers 2._____________(search ) for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3.___________(do). A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, 4.__________(centre) around Ceylon.
Later. the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Seven large 5.____________(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. 6.___________the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7.____________ strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng. He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, 8.___________ is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has also joined 9.___________(it ) friends across the sea on other important projects. With the 10.____________ (late) technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
V. 阅读理解（每题2分，共16分）
A
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes, Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation-not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known. number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land, "said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawai researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders, "Dr. Jubilado said. "I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015. Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population, "said Dr. llardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
1.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B. New knowledge of human evolution.
C. Recent findings of human origin.
D. Significance of food selection.
2. Where do the Bajau build their houses
A. In valleys B. Near rivers C. On the beach D. Off the coast
3. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.
C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A .Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea. B. Highlanders Survival Skills.
C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research. D. The World's Best Divers.
B
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard HMS Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物).
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of The Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his rest was turning towards vertebrates(脊椎动物). For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved(进化), from one to another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s The Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provide “the working hypothesis(假说)we sought.”
For the rest of his life, Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes. He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting "type animals"is still followed today. He spent th last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
5.Why did Huxley go on the voyage
A. To explore the deep sea. B. To do research on sea animals.
C. To work as a doctor on the ship D. To gather information for his paper
6. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection
A. He had doubt about it. B. He thought highly of it.
C. He couldn't understand it. D. He thought he developed it first.
7. What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature
A. It discusses the importance of human beings.
B. It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection.
C. It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from great apes.
8. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph
A. He contributed a lot to biological teaching.
B. He continued his research till his death.
C. He became a good novelist late in his life.
D. He never got awards for his achievements.
VI. 完形填空（每空2分，共30分）
Macarthur’s love for sailing dates back to when she was just 4 years old. when she first got the opportunity to have a try on a boat. “It__1___ me that this boat had everything we needed to take us anywhere in the world. And as a child, that opened up everything and made me feel the greatest sense of____2____,” she explained.
This experience ___3____a passion within MacArthur that she wanted to sail around the world. Growing up in the countryside, she had no idea how to ___4____it. However, she knew that was what she wanted to do at some stage. So she acquired knowledge and__5___ for years to seek her dream in sailing. Having merely potatoes and beans every day for eight years, she __6___ could afford the right equipment. By reaching such___7___ goals and asking technical questions about ___8___, Macarthur felt as though she was getting ___9___ to her ambition.
“The impossible could be possible and ___10___high is not necessarily such a crazy thing to do,” she said. And it seems that Macarthur's ___11___ to become a sailor went beyond her expectations. At the age of 24, she started to___12____ media attention after winning the second place in the Vendee Globe, a single-handed non-stop yacht (帆船) race that went around the world.
Four years later, Macarthur chose to sail for 71 days and 14 hours, __13___ more than 26, 000 miles. This led her to set a new record, 14 this record has been surpassed(超过) , Macarthur is still considered as Britain's most successful offshore racer.
So when you know where you re going, you can actually get there-even if it seems___15____!
1.A. benefited B. struck C. taught D.treated
2. A. wonder B. magic C. direction D.freedom
3. A. lighted B. left C. carried D. invented
4. A.approach B.gain C.achieve D. forget
5. A.made up B.saved up C.turned up D.picked up
6. A. eventually B. fortunately C. gradually D.definitely
7.A.personal B.financial C. final D.academic
8.A.school B.sailing C.driving D. business
9.A. further B. deeper C. closer D. smarter
10.A working B. designing C.meaning D.aiming
11. A lesson B. mind C.confidence D.plan
12. A.accept B.receive C. enjoy D. keep
13. A. including B.reaching C. covering D. floating
14. A. After B.When C. Whether D. While
15. A. impossible B.constant C.valuable D. available
大单元整体学习学程设计
Book 7 Unit 3 Sea Exploration
——Create a poster for World Oceans Day
班级:____________
小组:____________
姓名:____________
单元概述
【单元内容】
The theme of this unit is people and nature, focusing on "Sea Exploration". Protecting sea ecosystem is important for the development of a harmonious relationship between humans and the sea. We will read and learn about history and significance of sea exploration. What’s more, we will learn how to express your opinions on sea exploration and sea protection in argumentative essays. At last, we will read more passages to realize the importance of sea conservation and take joint actions to respect and protect nature. Hope all of us will make a difference in our daily life.
【课标要求】
核心素养 课标要求
语言能力 语言知识 词汇 能正确使用与“海洋探索”主题相关的词和词块来理解和表达。
语法 能够理解动词不定式在语篇中做不同成分的用法，并在不同语境中进行综合运用。
语篇 1.阅读介绍中国海洋探索历史的文章，了解中国古代和现代的海洋探索进程，理解说明文的结构特点和说明方法。 2.阅读关于海洋开发利弊的正反论述，理解议论文的结构特征。
语用 能够就话题恰当地表达自己的观点。
语言技能 听 听研究员与学生营员在观鲸营活动结束后的谈话，了解鲸类的有关知识，观鲸活动的基本内容。
说 能够在叙述探访海洋生物的计划时，自觉利用表达顺序的话语标记，使表达条理清晰、层次分明。
读 1.阅读中国海洋探索和对外贸易的悠久历史，体会“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的意义，理解说明文的语篇结构和写作手法。 2.阅读两篇议论性质的短文，掌握议论文的文体结构和语言特征，树立正确的海洋发展观。
写 能够有理有据地写出关于海洋开发利弊的议论文。
看 观看“科学号”科考船的视频，梳理我国在深海研究方面所进行的探索、取得的成就及原因。
学习能力 1.能够快速阅读语篇，判断说明文和议论文的文体特点。 2.能够正确理解和提炼图表蕴含的信息和所支持的论点。 3.能够在听的过程中根据话语标记抓任所听内容的逻辑层次，准确把握传递的信息。
文化意识 1.能够正确理解海洋探索对于建设现代化强国、促进世界和平与发展的重要意义，了解海洋治理面临的挑战，加强海洋保护意识。 2.通过了解中国古代的海洋探索成就和现代的海洋科研进展，理解建设“21世纪 海上丝绸之路”的重要意义，增强民族自豪感和使命感，增强海洋科硏的探索 精神。
思维品质 1.能够根据上下文提供的信息和语言特点判断作者的论点和论据。 2.能够辩证地看待海洋开发，形成正确的现代海洋发展观。 3.能够把海洋保护与整个人类与自然的和谐生存实际相联系，提升人类命运共同体的意识。
【单元目标】
By the end of the unit, we will be able to:
1. Fill in the structure of the process and significance of China’s sea exploration and figure out the importance of sea exploration.
2. Introduce what happened in whale watching camp and form your opinion on research on whales and sea creatures.
3. express your opinions on sea exploration in an argumentation to arouse thought about the relationship between the sea and humans;
4. create a poster for World Oceans Day to make joint efforts to build marine ecosystems, reconstruct the theme of sea exploration to have a better understanding of the whole unit.
【单元任务】
World Oceans Day takes place on 8 June every year. It is now celebrated in over100 countries with hundreds of special events broadcast across the globe. The day is marked in a variety of ways, including the launching of new campaigns and initiatives, and holding special events, all working to advance ocean conservation and education. Please create a poster for World Oceans Day to appeal to others to protect the ocean and promote the development of a harmonious relationship between humans and ocean.
【学习导航&课时安排】
Stage Overall Perception Exploration& Construction Application& Transfer Reconstruction & Extension
Period 1 5 1 2
【单元学习目标追求】
After learning about basic information of Unit3, we should set clear goals for the study of this unit.
Sea Exploration
——Talk about sea exploration and its influences
【Learning Objectives】
1. Brainstorm words and expressions about sea and sea exploration.
2. Share what you know about sea exploration.
3. Discuss and talk about the influence of sea exploration.
【Context and Task】
To raise students’ awareness of protecting the ocean, our school will celebrate Word Oceans Day. Everyone is expected to create a poster for World Oceans Day. To make good preparations, let’s search and share related information about sea and sea exploration in class.
Activity 1: Construct the vocabulary about sea and sea exploration.
Activity 2 Talk about sea exploration
1. What do you know about sea exploration before this class
What influence do you think sea exploration has
Sea Exploration
——Express your opinions on sea exploration
【Learning Objectives】
1. Abstract the main marine events and its results according to timeline to explore the history and significance of China’s sea exploration.
2. Introduce what happened in whale watching camp and form your opinion on research on whales and sea creatures.
2. List the arguments and evidence of different opinions on sea exploration and voice your own opinion on sea exploration.
【Context and Task】
Sea life is colorful and people have explored it for centuries. But does it help to protect the sea or cause damage to the sea Voice your opinion in a micro forum on sea exploration.
Activity 3: Explore the process of China’s sea exploration from ancient times to the present.
1. Guessing game: navigators(航海家)
2. Read for genre
1) Look at the title and skim the text，What type of essay is it？_________
A. Narrative : a story with a beginning + middle + end. B. Descriptive : a subject + interesting details
C. Expository : a subject+ factual information D. Argumentative : an idea + to convince the reader
2) How is the passage developed ___________
A. time sequence B. problem and solution C. compare and contrast D. cause and effect
3. Read for main idea.
1) Read and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A. China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships.
Para.2 B.Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para.3 C.In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para.4 D. Zheng He's sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para.5 E.The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para.6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
4. Read for detail
Abstract the main marine events and its results according to timeline.
5. Critical Thinking：
Is sea exploration a good thing or a bad thing Why _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Micro Forum on Sea Exploration” and present in class.
There is an activity called “Micro Forum on Sea Exploration” in our class. Think about the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative and give your facts and opinions.
Name Micro Forum on Sea Exploration
Content The effect brought by reaching out across the sea
The development of China’s sea exploration
The challenges that China is facing in sea exploration
The significance of the Belt and Road
Activity 4: Interview the head researcher in a watching whale camp.
Listen to the head researcher talking to the campers at the end of the day. What three things were the campers asked to do
①______________________________________________________________________
②______________________________________________________________________
③______________________________________________________________________
Listen to Luke’s part of the conversation again. Number the following sentences in the correct order. Then work out what they have done at the camp.
After that, we gave the group of whales a name, and each member a number.
They will be added to the directory so we can identify them in the future.
Most whales have slightly different fins and marks, which can help us to tell them apart.
Meanwhile, we also noted their location, so we can track their movements and plot their migration path.
Then we took pictures of their fins.
Finally, we contacted other whale research groups around the world to share the information with them.
1 First, we followed a group of whales with the boat.
Later, we created a database of their fins and locations.
3. Listen to the conversation again and answer the questions.
1). How many species of whales are there
______________________________________________________________________________
2). What is the criterion to divide the main types of whales
______________________________________________________________________________
3). What do whales use sounds for
______________________________________________________________________________
4). Why do the campers take pictures of the whales’ fins
______________________________________________________________________________
5). Why do they contact other research groups
______________________________________________________________________________
Activity 5: Creative Talking and Speaking
Introduce what happened in whale watching camp, using the expressions in the box below.
Activity 6：Construct the structure and writing skills of the two texts
1. Read for structure:
What is the text type of the two passages
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What are the three parts in argumentative essay
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Besides facts and examples, what other ways can be used to help evidences to prove the points
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Read for details:
Read the two texts on page 32 in the textbook and find the arguments and evidence in them.
Text 1 Text 2
Arguments
Evidence
Activity 7：Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration.
Discuss the questions within your groups and note down your argument and evidence.
What is your opinion about sea exploration Do you agree with one argument more than the other
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts Why or why not
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Finish the outline according to the above questions.
3. Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration.
4. Exchange drafts. Use the checklist to give feedback on your partner’s draft.
Division of roles in groups:
Read the text.
Introduce the structure of the text.
Share one favorite sentence& reason.
Evaluate the composition as a whole. (1 positive point)
Checklist Yes No
Does the writer explain why he/she think so
Does the writer describe the pros and cons of sea exploration
Does the writer make a conclusion of his/her argument
Is the text well-organized with linking words
Did the writer make a comparison with useful expressions learned in class
Sea Exploration
—— Create a poster for World Oceans Day
【Learning Objectives】
Find out the effects of plastic waste in the sea.
2. Share your solutions about sea protection in an argumentative essay.
3. Create a poster for World Oceans Day to appeal others to protect the ocean.
【Context and Task】
World Oceans Day takes place on 8 June every year, aiming at advancing ocean conservation and education. Each year, World Oceans Day has a theme for the events on that day. Our school will celebrate the day and you are required to create a poster for World Oceans Day.
Activity 8: Find out the effects of plastic waste.
Look at the picture on page 78. What can you see on the beach Where do you think they came from
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Read the passage and answer the questions.
(1) What alarming discovery did the scientists make
____________________________________________________________________________________________
(2) What is the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”
____________________________________________________________________________________________
(3) Why does “micro plastic” make things even worse
____________________________________________________________________________________________
(4) How does The Ocean Cleanup project work
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 9: Write an argumentative essay about sea protection.
Choose a topic from the box below and list facts to support your point. You can also choose your own topic.
protecting sea animals preventing oil spills/petrol leaks preserving sea resources reducing pollution collecting sea waste promoting better understanding of and respect for the sea
Topic
Facts illustrate the issue
Solutions
Supportive facts and how they work
Write an argumentative essay about sea protection.
Activity 10：Create a poster for World Oceans Day.
Figure out the basic information about “World Oceans Day.”
Content Information
Time
Place
Event
Participant
Purpose
Theme
Decide on the main items of a poster referring to the examples below.
Create a poster for World Oceans Day in your group.
According to the sample above, work in groups to choose one theme and event from the boxes below and give a short presentation to the class.
Pick a theme
Create an event
Write your poster and present it before class.
【Reflection】
Sea Exploration
——Reconstruct as a whole about sea exploration
【Learning Aims】
1. Broaden your horizons by reading the provided extensive reading materials.
2. Reconstruct the mind map of sea exploration to have a better understanding of the whole unit.
3. Take actions to protect the ocean in our daily life.
【单元拓展】
Activity 11: Group article reading
Group Articles Reading: read theme-related passages and answer the following questions below.
A NEW DIMENSION OF LIFE
词数：441 文体：日记 摘自：人教版Book7 Unit3
水下世界里到底有什么奇妙的生物？让我们跟随作者去看看吧...
19th January
I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day–a day of pure magic! I went snorkelling on the reef offshore this morning and it was the most fantastic thing I have ever done. Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up. It was like discovering a whole new dimension of life.
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens. The corals were fantastic—they were shaped like fans, plates, brains, lace, mushrooms, the branches of trees and the horns of deer. And all kinds of small, neat and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.
The fish didn’t seem to mind me swimming among them. I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed. And I also loved the small fish that clean the bodies of larger fish—I even saw them get inside their mouths and clean their teeth! It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight: the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth; a yellow-spotted red sea-slug was sliding by a blue sea-star; a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.
There were other creatures that I didn’t want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth, with only its head showing from a hole, watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe!) ; and the giant clam halt buried in some coral waiting for something to swim in between its thick green lips. Then there were two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, which suddenly appeared from behind some coral. I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!
The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. It marked a boundary and I thought I was very brave when I swam over the edge of the reef and hung there looking down into the depths of the ocean. My heart was beating wildly—I felt very exposed in such deep clear water.
What a wonderful, limitless world it was down there! And what a tiny spot I was in this enormous world!
Comprehending
Read the passage and number the paragraph topics in the correct order.
Topic Paragraph
colours and shapes
dangers
reflecting
the reef’s edge
a final thought
some sea creatures
What did he think after seeing such extraordinary beauty
China's first national maritime museum enhances public awareness of sea protection
词数：268 文体：新闻 摘自：China Daily Online
中国第一个国家海洋博物馆在天津开放了，我们一起来看一下吧
Scheduled to open to the public in June 2019, China's first national maritime museum in the harbor city of Tianjin is expected to provide a visual feast for ocean lovers around the globe, as well as abundant materials for China's maritime research and protection.
Covering an area of 150,000 square meters, the three-story museum has been dubbed the "ocean version of China's Palace Museum," as its 23,000-square-meter exhibition hall covers a wide range of themes including marine ecology and environment, science education and interactive programs, as well as Chinese maritime culture and history.
Featuring countless life-size models of ancient marine animals, precious fossils and cultural relics, the museum aims to provide its audience a comprehensive understanding of the abundance of China's ocean resources. Historical records documenting ancient Chinese exploration of the oceans will also be included in the museum's collection, showing China's long history as a leading maritime power.
In addition to an extensive collection of maritime materials, cutting-edge technologies have also been used to help the visitors have a better understanding of ocean ecology. Smart encyclopedia and online searching systems enable visitors to acquire specific information about sea life, while an AI-controlled lighting system and VR equipment will provide the audience with an immersive experience into the deep ocean.
On May 1st, the National Maritime Museum went into trial operation, offering free access to Chinese citizens to have a sneak peek into the enormous museum. According to the museum, all exhibition centres will open to the public in June, along with high-tech interactive programs, while themed shopping centres, cultural product shops will also be available in June.
Comprehending
When will China's first national maritime museum open Where is it
What can you see in this museum
A Massive New Vacuum Cleaner
词数：322 文体:说明文 摘自：网络资源
来自加拿大的12名学生发明了一款可以清理沙子中塑料微粒的真空吸尘器，有助于保护海洋。
It's alreay challenging enough for environmentalists to keep beaches clear of washed-up trash and plastic debris (残骸), but the most difficult problem lies in cleaning up all of the millions of tiny microplastics that are impossible to pick up and separate from the sand.
Fortunately, a group of engineering students succeeded in developing a massive new vacuum (真空) cleaner that can collect microplastics without removing any of the sand from the beach. The 12 Canadian students from the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec built their Hoola One plastic vacuum cleaner as a class project.
“We did some research and we realized there was no machine around the world to do this kind of job, " Hoola One co-founder Sam Duval told Hawaii Public Radio. “So we told each other, 'We will invent It,’ and we did it.”
As a means of testing their machine’s efficiency, they recently used it on the sands of Hawaiis Kamilo Beach, which is also notorious for being one of the dirtiest beaches in the world. Though their first prototype(原型) experienced a number of technical issues, the students managed to fix the problems and tidy up the beach.
Using a handheld tube, the machine sucks (吸入) up plastic and sand and dumps them all into a massive water tank. Since rocks and sand are heavier than plastic, they sink to the bottom of the tank so they can be dumped back onto the beach. The plastic, on the other hand, floats to the top of the tank.
According to Hawaii Public Radio, the team left the Hoola One vacuum on the island as a donation to the state department. They are now researching the ecological effects of the vacuum on the beach while they are searching for funding and sponsorships (赞助) to produce more Hoola One vacuums.
Comprehending
What can the plastic vacuum cleaner do
What makes the cleaner possible to separate plastic from the sand
Top technology propels China's deep-sea manned submersible
词数：419 文体:新闻报道 摘自： Xinhua
中国深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”号2020年11月10日在西太平洋马里亚纳海沟最深处成功下潜至10909米，创下国内新纪录。
China's new deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe (Striver) set a national record by diving to a depth of 10,909 meters in the Mariana Trench on Tuesday. The record dive was enabled by several deep-sea technologies involving materials, energy supply and communications.
The submersible embodies China's progress in deep-sea technologies and its increasing capabilities in ocean detection and research.
It carried three experts to conduct scientific research for about six hours on the bed of the Mariana Trench. Ye Cong, chief designer of the submersible, told the Science and Technology Daily that the first challenge is dealing with the extreme water pressure, which is equivalent to 2,000 elephants stepping on a person's back.
That places a high demand on materials and structural design. In addition to withstanding the huge water pressure, the submersible has to carry personnel and a number of scientific equipment, which further increases the challenge during manufacturing, Ye said.
The submersible uses titanium alloy to build the shell of the manned cabin, which not only withstands water pressure but also reduces the weight as it is light, and provides more space inside the cabin.
The ball-shaped manned cabin was constructed with an innovative welding method that reduced the number of seams and increased reliability.
The deep-sea area below 6,000 meters is key to solving major scientific problems such as the origin of life and the evolution of the earth. The submersible can take images of seabed topography and marine organisms, and can use its robotic arms to take samples of ocean life and seabed sediments.
According to state broadcaster CCTV, the robotic arm can rotate 360 degrees and can operate at an accuracy of one centimeter.
The submersible is powered by a specially-designed lithium battery that can ensure stable power supply in the deep sea.
It was supported by two mother ships Tansuo-1 and Tansuo-2, on which the key equipment such as the submersible deployment and retrieval systems are domestically produced.
The submersible is equipped with an advanced acoustic communication system that allows it to receive instructions from the mother ship, transmit data, navigate, and measure the depth of the ocean floor.
Bao Gengsheng, a researcher from the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said although China has 10,000-meter deep-sea unmanned submersibles, the development of manned submersibles is necessary.
Manned submersibles have better maneuverability and can carry more scientific equipment for conducting underwater research. The development of manned submersibles will also contribute to breakthroughs in key technologies for deep-sea exploration, Bao said.
Comprehending
What else do you know about deep-sea manned submersible What’s the significance of it
【单元重构】
Activity 12：Reconstruct the mind map of this unit.
Unit 3 Sea and Exploration单元过关
I.单词拼写(每空1分，共11分)
1. Few Europeans who had ventured(冒险去) beyond the Himalayas returned to tell the____________(故事).
2. He bargained with the____________(商人) for an hour before he bought the book.
3. Careful maintenance can______________(延长) the life of your car.
4.The government will not_____________(谈判) with terrorist.
5. They___________(看见) a bright star shining in the sky last night.
6. The New England team is the worst in the______________(联赛).
7. On the last day, we went to the biggest________________(皇家的) palace.
8. You may think that your apple pie has only sugar and_____________(香料)in it.
9. Troops_________________(撤退) from the northeast of the country last March.
10. The_______________(频道) is only available on cable, which makes him very annoyed
11. The agreement strengthened the___________(关系) between the two countries.
Ⅱ.选词填空（每空2分，共10分）
1. He is determined to___________ his life_________ science.
2.____________, it's always a good idea to be kind and polite.
3. Shall I_________your name__________ the list
4. Poor educational performance__________________bad studying habits.
5. The most important thing is to_______________and____________to avoid a trade war.
III.完成句子（每空3分，共12分）
1.这些训练活动形成了现代瑜伽的基础。
These exercises _________ ___________ __________ _______________modern yoga.
2.1492年哥伦布到达了现在称作美洲的地方。
In 1492, Columbus___________ _________________ is now called America.
3.我们应该过低碳的生活,以便我们能保护环境。
We should live a low-carbon life_________ ______________ ______________ ___________ ________________the environment.
4.急需采取有效的措施来得到这家公司。
___________ ______________ _________________ ___________________ ________________ to take effective measures to take possession of this company.
IV.课文语法填空（每空2分，共20分）
Reaching out across the sea
Trade and curiosity have often formed the 1.________(found) of mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilizations.
Marco Polo's tales Inspired European explorers 2._____________(search ) for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first 3.___________(do). A trading route across the sea was extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, 4.__________(centre) around Ceylon.
Later. the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Seven large 5.____________(fleet) sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. 6.___________the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea and eventually to the east coast of Africa.
To reach out across the sea remains 7.____________ strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng. He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, 8.___________ is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.
China has also joined 9.___________(it ) friends across the sea on other important projects. With the 10.____________ (late) technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
V. 阅读理解（每题2分，共16分）
A
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes, Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation-not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known. number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land, "said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawai researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders, "Dr. Jubilado said. "I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015. Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population, "said Dr. llardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
1.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B. New knowledge of human evolution.
C. Recent findings of human origin.
D. Significance of food selection.
2. Where do the Bajau build their houses
A. In valleys B. Near rivers C. On the beach D. Off the coast
3. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.
C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A .Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea. B. Highlanders Survival Skills.
C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research. D. The World's Best Divers.
B
Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century. In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard HMS Rattlesnake. The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas. This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lasted four years, during which he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物).
On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of The Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his rest was turning towards vertebrates(脊椎动物). For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved(进化), from one to another. No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s The Origin of Species appeared. Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provide “the working hypothesis(假说)we sought.”
For the rest of his life, Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work. In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes. He clearly showed similarities.
Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life. From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He had always been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting "type animals"is still followed today. He spent th last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.
5.Why did Huxley go on the voyage
A. To explore the deep sea. B. To do research on sea animals.
C. To work as a doctor on the ship D. To gather information for his paper
6. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection
A. He had doubt about it. B. He thought highly of it.
C. He couldn't understand it. D. He thought he developed it first.
7. What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature
A. It discusses the importance of human beings.
B. It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection.
C. It talks about the differences between man and apes.
D. It provides evidence about the evolution of man from great apes.
8. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph
A. He contributed a lot to biological teaching.
B. He continued his research till his death.
C. He became a good novelist late in his life.
D. He never got awards for his achievements.
VI. 完形填空（每空2分，共30分）
Macarthur’s love for sailing dates back to when she was just 4 years old. when she first got the opportunity to have a try on a boat. “It__1___ me that this boat had everything we needed to take us anywhere in the world. And as a child, that opened up everything and made me feel the greatest sense of____2____,” she explained.
This experience ___3____a passion within MacArthur that she wanted to sail around the world. Growing up in the countryside, she had no idea how to ___4____it. However, she knew that was what she wanted to do at some stage. So she acquired knowledge and__5___ for years to seek her dream in sailing. Having merely potatoes and beans every day for eight years, she __6___ could afford the right equipment. By reaching such___7___ goals and asking technical questions about ___8___, Macarthur felt as though she was getting ___9___ to her ambition.
“The impossible could be possible and ___10___high is not necessarily such a crazy thing to do,” she said. And it seems that Macarthur's ___11___ to become a sailor went beyond her expectations. At the age of 24, she started to___12____ media attention after winning the second place in the Vendee Globe, a single-handed non-stop yacht (帆船) race that went around the world.
Four years later, Macarthur chose to sail for 71 days and 14 hours, __13___ more than 26, 000 miles. This led her to set a new record, 14 this record has been surpassed(超过) , Macarthur is still considered as Britain's most successful offshore racer.
So when you know where you re going, you can actually get there-even if it seems___15____!
1.A. benefited B. struck C. taught D.treated
2. A. wonder B. magic C. direction D.freedom
3. A. lighted B. left C. carried D. invented
4. A.approach B.gain C.achieve D. forget
5. A.made up B.saved up C.turned up D.picked up
6. A. eventually B. fortunately C. gradually D.definitely
7.A.personal B.financial C. final D.academic
8.A.school B.sailing C.driving D. business
9.A. further B. deeper C. closer D. smarter
10.A working B. designing C.meaning D.aiming
11. A lesson B. mind C.confidence D.plan
12. A.accept B.receive C. enjoy D. keep
13. A. including B.reaching C. covering D. floating
14. A. After B.When C. Whether D. While
15. A. impossible B.constant C.valuable D. available