2024年人教版中考英语短文填空练习（无答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2024-04-02 18:05:54 | ||
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短文填空
I、 解题策略
短文填空与完形填空英文表达都为cloze,但短文填空没有选项的提示，通常就会比完形填空更难。必 须根据文章内容的总体暗示和前后关联来做题。所以最基本的要求是必须读懂短文意思。短文的题材有很多，有故事、建议、科普小品、风土人情、人物、文化、体育等。考查的内容也相当广泛，但常以动词(同义词区别及不同形式)、介词、代词、形容词(副词)的级、名词的数、习惯用语的搭配、连词等为主。 具体解题步骤如下：
1、知己知彼：短文填空共计填写8个单词，单词词性通常均匀分布，主攻：名词、代词、动词、形容词&副词、介 词、连词。
2、解题技巧
① 复现词(上下文重复出现的某个单词)。
② 小语境(理解前后几句话的意思),大语境(对全文的理解、作者的意图等)。
③ 固定搭配和句型。
④ 短结构。
⑤ 语法结构。
3、解题步骤
① 通读全文，了解大体意思，结合语法语意进行填空，再通读全文予以检查。
② 分析句子结构，缺什么补什么。
注意：如果一个句子看似完整，那么它很可能缺少的是副词或情态动词。如果一句话中有两个简单句， 那么这句话中可能缺少连 词。因此，掌握单词、短语或从句在句中的成份(主谓宾定状补),从而推断出所 填单词的词性，对于短文填空至关重要。
③ 不要“得意忘了形”,不要“粗心丢了分”。
动词检查时态、语态和主谓是否一致
名词检查单复数和所有格
形容词检查比较级和最高级
代词检查主宾格及其单复数，形代或名代，反身代词单复数
检查单词大小写及拼写
每空只能填一个词，两个词及以上均为错误
短文填空有方法：
一读文章找大意，文章常用中心句；
二读文章猜词意，不要得意忘了形；
三读文章细检查，祝你取得好成绩!
Ⅱ 、例题讲解
从近年题目看，短文填空的文体和词性分布如下：
2017说明文(介绍如何在日常交际中终止谈话的技巧)
考查名词2题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词1题，动词1题，连词1题，介词1题
2018 说明文(介绍对于青少年成长问题的建议)
考查名词1题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词1题，动词2题，介词2题
2019说明文(介绍三十岁的人生感悟)
考查名词2题，代词1题，形容词1题，动词2题，连词2题
2020说明文(介绍如何降低负面情绪)
考查名词1题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词2题，动词2题，介词1题
2021 说明文(介绍如何有效记笔记)
考查名词1题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词1题，动词2题，连词1题，介词1题
2022记叙文(讲述王女士和她母亲之间的故事以唤起人们对于老年人的关爱)
考查名词2题，动词2题，形容词2题，副词1题，连词1题
2023年说明文（长期饮用冷水对人体的危害）
考查名词2题，形容词2题，连词1题，动词2题，介词1题
III.主要考察内容和注意事项细分七大类如下：
( 一)复现词
复现词就是出现在目标空格前后跟空格中应该填的词一样的词。通常就在空格的不远处。但需要注意 的是，有些复现词离目标空格距离比较远，需要我们做题时静下心来理解，而且在做完所有题后应该拉通 读一遍文章，那些不明显的复现词会变得明显起来。
复现词为名词、代词
When you get into trouble, ask others for . That little help may get you good results.
After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat（ ）, you will feel so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking __________water really unhealthy
3.Every goal （目标）has a cost. Whether it is time, money, or sweat, make sure you are willing to pay the price to your__________. What help will you need to achieve your goal
4.Failure(失败) shows us the right way, makes grow up and teaches us how to be successful（ ）.
复现词为动词
1.I had a dream last night. I about the days that I lived with my parents in the small village, growing crops for a living.
2. Try to get close to them by questions. For example, as you pass someone, you can ask,“Hil Do you enjoy doing these projects " or“Do you have any ideas about how to do it better ”
3.Drawing can improve your handwriting. You need to use the skills to control( 控 制 ) your pencil better when you are___ ____pictures.
复现词为形容词、副词
1. They are trying their best to make a home because the cost of living is very Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living.
2.Listen to what the teacher says. Careful listening in class means less work later.
3.If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. For some kids, going slower makes the handwriting clear. If you write too , it’s hard for you to stop where you should, and even worse
复现词较远的情况
1、Before I came to Italy, I had different ideas about Italian culture（文化）. People seem to（好像） be very friendly. However, after staying here for a year, I find that's not always the case. Men and women will get quite different traveling experiences（经历） in Italy.
If you are a woman traveler, don't be surprised if you get a lot of attention（注意）. When you walk alone in the street, you will often hear“Ciao, Bella (Hi, beauty)”from Italian men. You may meet a guy who will help you with your luggage(行李) and sometimes even offer you a ride.However,there's only a small chance this type of thing happens to
2.One morning, just as she arrived at her 74 , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself. Right away, she called her mother back quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake.
小语境(目标空格前或后一句话是解题的关键，解题应将几句话当一个整体来理解)
名词
1.Sports are good for a girl's . If a girl plays sports, she won't get ill very often.
2.Once a young man was at a railway station.He was going to call his mother and to tell her the number and the time of his . so that she could pick him up at the station in her car.
3.The shop owner gave Jack some money and even offered him an apartment at low rents. With the shop owner's he could go on his painting career.
代词
few/a few/little/a little 辨析
other/others/the other/the others/another辨析
both/either/neither/all/none辨析
it和one辨析
1. According to the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control（中国控烟协会）, about 350 million Chinese smoke. Among 50 million are teenagers（青少年）.
2.When you decide on your hotel,. will know the dates of your stay and will be able to book transport.
3.By then I also had own bread. That was lucky.
4. As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin（餐巾纸）, pick up and lay it on your lap（膝盖上）.
5.Although（虽然） you have no chance to draw at school,you can practice（练习） by at home.
6. Reading is an activity people enjoy a lot in their free time. Some like reading newspapers,and ____________enjoy novels or comic books.
7.One must have a kind heart.Always do something good for . Help those in trouble and care about people around you.
8.Peter found that Albert was great at table tennis but bad at basketball. However, he enjoyed of them.
9.The police go around towns to make sure that is all right.
10.My grandfather told me,“ is so rich that he can throw away a friend."Everyone needs friends.
11. He wasted a lot of time.He didn't pay attention to his lessons. He didn't listen to his teacher. Sometimes he even slept in class with his MP4 player on. of his teachers knew how to teach him. Luckily, a new teacher named Li Ping came to his class.
12.A kind of little cars may be seen in the streets in the future.People will like this kind of small cars better than the big
13. The people in China are much friendlier than __________ in Japan.
14. The food in this restaurant is more delicious than in ________one.
形容词
、形容词的构成
形容词的后缀
-ful: helpful;wonderful;careful
-less:helpless;careless;hopeless
-y: funny;sunny;rainy
-ly: lovely;friendly;lonely;weekly
-al/-ical: national(全国的)、natural（自然的）、chemical（化学的）；medical（医学的）
-ant：important；pleasant
-able/-ble:comfortable,terrible
-ary : ordinary(普通的)、necessary（必要的）
-ed和-ing形容词辨析
、比较级和最高级
（三）、词义辨析
1.If you don't want to fight a lot with your sister, find some time to spend with her! If you are the ______________one,she will think it's cool that you hang out with her. If you are the younger one, be nice to her.
2.Just because you're family, it doesn't mean you'll have a lot of the opinions(观点). After all, you are different.
3. Tommy hated school. On the days he went to school, he looked for different kinds of excuses（借口） to go back home. He spent time at home than he did at school.
4.What can you do to keep _______ Perhaps for children, healthy eating is one of the most important things. Here are some ideas about how to eat _______.
5. A good breakfast is very ________________ to children. It's necessary to have it in the morning. But some children often go to school without breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little _______.
副词
1.James is a very popular person in his town. Many people like him a lot. He is not famous in sports or arts. But people, those who are poor know him well for he is always kind to others.
2.A year passed, and we didn't hear from him, not even a word. We all missed him and wished we could get in touch with him soon.
3.In some countries, people only travel by car. They get from one place to another using public transport such as buses and trains.
4.I have always wanted to be a reporter. When I graduated from school and tried to be a reporter, I got refused(拒绝) every time.Five years later, my mom told me a radio station needed a reporter, but ,I failed again.
5.The book has not only funny stories that bring us lots of fun, it includes a lot of information that we can learn from.
6. Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. Sometimes they have disagreement and decide not to talk to each other. ,this usually does not last for long. They become good friends again in a short time.
Studying all day is not good for your grades. _________ , it will stay in the way of your improvement.
连词
解题时必须注意根据目标空格前后的小语境判断两个分句是什么关系，从而确定使用什么连词。常见 的分句间的逻辑关系有并列、转折、让步、因果、条件、递进、顺序等关系。
(一)并列连词
(1) 表示顺承、延续或平行关系的并列连词
并列连词 词义 例句
and 和；而且 We are singing and they are dancing.
both…and… 两者都 Both you and I are students.
not only…but also… 不但……而且…… Not only you but also he has gone to Canada.
neither…nor… 既不……也不…… She likes neither butter nor cheese.
(2) 表示转折或对比关系的并列连词
连词 词义 用法 例句
but 但是 表转折 His mother won’t be there, but his father might.
while 但是，然而 表对比 I like English while he likes math.
however 然而 位置灵活，用逗号与句子隔开 We tried our best. However, we lost the game.
(3) 表示选择关系的并列连词
连词 词义 例句
or 或者;否则 Hurry up, or you will be late.
either…or… 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home.
whether …or… 不管……还是…… Whether you like or dislike the job, you’ll have to finish it.
(4) 表示因果关系的并列连词
连词 词义 例句
so 因此,所以 He worked hard, so he passed the exam.
for 因为 You'd better put on your coat, for it's getting cold outside.
、从属连词
1．引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有
when, while, as, until/till, since, before, after, as soon as等。
连词 词义 例句
when 当……时 When I arrived there, Ann was waiting for me.
while 当……时 While/When I was painting, I heard a strange noise.
as 当……时，随着 As time passed, things seemed to get better.
until/till 直到…… I shall wait until/till you come back.
since 自从 I haven't played football since I left university.
before 在……之前 Remember to turn off the lights before you go.
after 在……之后 Could you give the e-dictionary to David after you use it
as soon as 一……就…… Henry will give us a report as soon as he arrives.
2．引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as。
连词 词义 例句
if 如果 We'll stay at home if it rains.
unless 除非，如果不 You can't win unless you work hard.
as long as 只要 I'll give it to you as long as you promise to use it properly.
3．引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so... that..., such... that... 如此……以至于……
1).such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词=so+adj. +a/an+单数可数名词
She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her.
She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her.
2).such+adj+不可数名词/复数名词+that
It is such good news that everyone feels happy.
They are such lovely girls that everyone likes them.
4．引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有though/although, no matter..., even if/though等。
连词 词义 例句
though/although 虽然,尽管 Though/Although he is rich, he lives a simple life.
even though/even if 即使 Even if/though we fail, we will not stop trying.
whenever 无论何时 Whenever you need some help, give me a call.
however 无论如何 However difficult the task is, we must complete it.
whatever 无论什么 Whatever you do I'm behind you.
5．引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, in order that等。
连词 词义 例句
in order that 为了，以便 I started early in order that I could arrive before dark.
so that 为的是，以便 You'd better take a map with you so that you won't get lost.
6．引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since等。
连词 词义 例句
because 因为 Everyone likes my brother because he is friendly.
since 因为,既然 Since we have no idea about it, let's ask Mr. Li.
as 因为,由于 As it was getting late, I decided to start for home.
7．引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where, wherever。
You shouldn't go where you are not asked to.你不能去不让你去的地方。
（三）、巩固练习
1.You may succeed you have good study habits.
2.All the singers sang clearly and looked comfortable on the stage. some of them took part in the competition for the first time, they were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.
3. The baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he had got a pound. he weighed it, he found that he hadn't. The baker then took the farmer to the judge.
4.I felt upset because I worked so hard I still did badly in my maths.
5. To be honest,I am not sure there is love in my family. Every day, my parents are very busy making money so that they can provide a good life for my sister and me.
6.Many people are so busy these days they have no time to cook at home. This becomes a problem because most families love home cooking.
7. Carnegie was born in 1888 in a poor farming family in the central United States. The boy didn't see a train _________he was 12 years old.
8.Never ever give up your dream, ________________ you won't be able to have a chance to achieve it.
动词
1.Of course, people can learn by listening to the radio.But with TV they can learn better and more easily. Why Because they can and watch at the same time.
2. Tom was sick with disappointment. The piano performance was almost a success. However,he___________ in his violin part. He couldn't understand how it could have happened.
3.You can get some fresh bread at the baker's. You can also go to the barber's shop and have your hair
4.According to the study, Korean students don't like notes. About 70% said they write down what the teacher says in class, much fewer than in Japan (93%), China(90%)and the U.S.(89%).
5.Take some exercise.You have hard most of the time, so you need to join in outdoor activities, which can help you get refreshed. You can benefit from different forms of exercise like swimming, jogging and mountain climbing.
6.Do you find it difficult to ask someone to lend you something It depends on what you do. For example, if you borrow something from your friends without it to them, they may not lend you anything again.
(三)大语境(线索不在空格周边而是在充分理解全文的基础上推测而出答案)
A
More and more people are drinking soft drinks with caffeine in them.Some people drink Coca Cola or Pepsi every day. They have stomach problems and can't stop drinking these drinks. They are cola addicts. If you are a cola addict, you should stop drinking these drinks. You can drink green tea or black tea. You can even drink a little coffee. Soft drinks with caffeine will be bad for your bones. You may also get teeth problems, headaches and even high blood pressure.
Energy drinks are not healthy, either. They are full of caffeine. And you should never drink energy drinks on an empty stomach.
Water is the drink you can have. If you want to drink something tasty, you can add some slices of lemon. You can also drink as much fresh natural juice as you want. There are lots of healthier choices out there.
B
Here is a story which I heard from my father yesterday evening over tea. One of his friends had recently been to the Himalayas, the famous mountain range in the world. While he was walking along the mountain paths, he met a few other visitors. Among the visitors were an old lady and her grandson. The small child admired the beautiful mountains and snow covered peaks. He said to his grandmother,“How nice these mountains are! Can we take them home, grandma ”The old woman smiled and said,“Dear, if some children like you had taken them away yesterday, would you have had a chance to see them Now if we take these mountains away today, then tomorrow, another child will not have the chance to see these beautiful things. Don't you think they are so nice that everyone should see and enjoy them ”
What a great ! Our lives become meaningful only when we learn the value of everything and give up our desires to have everything for ourselves. Just as the saying goes,“The rich man is not the one who has the most, but the one who needs the least.”
C
There once lived in China a king and a queen who were very . One day the queen had a baby daughter. When they saw their baby, they cried,“My goodness! How small it is! It's toothless! It's a monster!” They sent for all the doctors in the country and ordered them to prepare some medicine for the baby.
“When she takes your medicine, she must grow to the right size and have teeth," the king said,“If you fail to
do this, you will be punished.”
The doctors thought it impossible, but they dared not say anything against the king's order. Just then an old doctor stepped forward.“Oh, we shall certainly follow your order,"he said.“But it takes time. We have to dig a material out from the Kunlun Mountain when the snow melts for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once every six years. So we need twelve years."
At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little girl. On her twelfth birthday, they brought her back to her parents with long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were very happy and gave the doctors expensive presents.
(四)固定搭配
常见固定搭配有系动词与形容词，名词短语，动宾短语，形容词与副词短语，形容词与介词短语，介 词与它的宾语搭配，形容词与介词搭配等等。部分例子列举如下：
1.His wish to be an actor has true.
2.He keeps working in the laboratory day and
3.My mother some cleaning twice a week.
4. The town my friend lives in is far
5.The school is not far my home.
6.She really feels like shopping with her best friend this afternoon.
7.The bag was filled food by him.
8. of all, you're supposed to introduce yourself before speaking.
9.Getting early is a very good habit.
10.The holiday is going to be over. The children have to go to school soon.
11.I heard my father last week. He told me he would come back to England to visit us two weeks later.
12.Most American high schools have at least two dances during the year, one in winter and the in spring.
13.Standing by the shelves,she looked over the books one after . It made them in a fearful mess.
(五)经典短结构
1.Is your English handwriting beautiful If ___________,here are four steps that really help you to improve.
2.Don't drop litter everywhere.If , take it home with a bag.
3.I'm afraid of the dark, so I always sleep with the light
4.Do not leave the room with water
5.You must be careful when the street.
6.They go to coffee shops to talk with friends, or just listen to music taking a nap.
(六)语法结构(学会正确分析长句中所缺的语法成分和词性是非常非常重要的)
请试着分析下面句中所缺什么词性的词，并在句中充当什么成分。
1.Jack felt so upset that he couldn't know to do to make his parents trust him again.
2.You can see“Don't smoke!”sign everywhere in our campus.Actually, is not only never allowed among the students, but also among the teachers.
3.A good breakfast is very important to children. It's necessary to have it in the morning. But some children often go to school breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer. Remember that a good breakfast will help you study better.
4.It was June 22nd,2023,a traditional Chinese festival the Dragon Boat Festival.
5.In Sweden,doing something for someone is the best gift. People don't need to spend too much money. ,making a delicious meal is enough.
6.Housewives found it to wash. This new type of apron(围裙) became popular across the whole country.
(七)得意不要忘了形
在获得了正确的目标词以后， 一定不要忘了该词的正确形式。各个词性常见可能形式如下：
(做完后 请思考各个词性总共有哪些可能变化的形式需要考虑)
动词(动词变化的形式有：原形、三单、过去式、现在分词、过去分词)
1.People usually say dogs and cats are good at their way home by using their sense of smell.
2.He hated losing anything. When he , he would feel really good.If he lost, he would feel terrible.
3. Make sure your stories have popular factors and the reader will find your travel stories not only pleasant to read, but useful as well.Popular factors are food to eat, places to stay and the things to look out for while
4. We cannot see or hear time. We know it only when it is passing. We know it has passed only when something . In the real world, changes never stop.
5.He managed to become the champion of China's Got Talent and was the“armless pianist”by people.
代词
1.Tell the truth. Have you ever copied homework Don't do it again.
2. As you see the photographs, you can describe your experiences easily by remembering how you felt when you took
3.Do not run too much, or too fast.You will probably get hurt. Most people get running injuries when they push too hard.
4.I am taller than her.But her legs are longer than
名词
1.If you write too fast, it is hard for you to stop where you should, and even worse, you may make
more
2.Basically, according to a recent scientific study, children's language learning ability is much stronger than .Adults learn a language far more slowly than children.
3.There are always more solutions than problems. Don't be too worried about it.Here are some that may help you.
4.It's not the time for“Men Only"anymore. can do the same things as men do. They even do
better in some field.
Keep the you make.Once you break them, it's hard for you to be trusted again.
形容词和副词
1. People also saw the sun rise in the sky, sometimes but sometimes lower,
2. Soon there would be a match between Peter and Albert. Peter worked hard to get ready for the match, but
Albert didn't seem to think of it.
3.Living together can bring out the best and the in people.Some roommates become best friends, and some learn to live with each other, but very few end up hating each other.
4.When you hold your pencil the correct way, writing is much .Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting not nice.
实战演练
(1)
When I was a teenager, I did a six-week summer learning program at a college. It helped kids get a taste of what college is like. We were busy every day. We had classes in the morning and the evenings were 1 with fun activities. So we just had a short break in the afternoons, however. One afternoon, my friend Claude and I found an old basketball. We didn't know 2 it belonged to, but we decided to put it back after we played it. We went to an outdoor basketball playground for a 3 , just the two of us.
At the time, Claude was taller and he was also 4 at basketball than me.I fell behind fast. I made up my mind to catch up with him, though, so I drove hard to the basket - and missed it! The ball bounced off the rim (从篮筐弹回) and I jumped 5 to catch it. Just as I was about to catch it, I saw an elbow (手肘) right above my face.
As Claude caught the ball, his elbow came down hard, right into my eye. I saw stars everywhere. The pain was terrible. Claude kept 6 "sorry" over and over again. I could do nothing but laugh through the pain.
I spent the next few days walking around 7 a black eye, but it was worth it. For years afterward, I got a laugh whenever I told the story and joked about Claude's elbows of death.
In this life, we all get an elbow to the eye sometimes. Our plans fail. Things work against us. Our ups become downs. 8 these happen, it's best to face them with laughter and forgiveness (原谅). In this way, we can turn our pain to joy and we can learn and grow.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(2)
What to expect at high school.
You are in Junior Three now, which means you are on the way to high school. Are you super worried about what to expect at high school Well, guess what Everyone is! The following tips will help to guide you through your first day!
Understand that you'll be moving a lot.
Depending on the school you're at, there could be more subjects and you'll have more classrooms! One for 1 subject. Be ready to move around and remember what classrooms they are in, don't go into the wrong one.
Understand the newness of high school.
In your new school, there will be many 2 from your junior life. There are more subjects, usually more strict teachers and more classrooms! Don't worry! There are still some good points. More friends and more freedom (hopefully)! So go along with them and don't feel worried 3 the change.
Know 4 to watch out for.
Not every student is your friend. Stay away from those students who are in 5 grades than you! They're older and stronger, and of course you will be an easy target (目标), so be careful! If they do try to threaten (恐吓) you or anything, tell your parents or teachers to help you with it.
Be prepared for the dining room.
Make sure you have friends to sit with, 6 you'll look lonely and feel lonely. Make some new friends to sit with, and you'll have a happy mood while 7 . Of course, a happy mood leads to a healthy diet. Try to eat healthily on your first day.
Remember to stay good in school.
Do your homework carefully and make sure you study hard! You don't need an "A" for everything, but an "F" on everything is not good! 8 enough time on study and take notes during class. You had to learn how to make full use of your time.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(3)
You may sometimes feel worried and upset about your relations with your family members. Not 1 along well with them probably has a bad influence on you. Here is some advice to you so that your problems and pressures can be dealt with properly.
Take time to listen. When your opinions are different from your family members, do not 2 them. Let them finish talking. You should also think about what you need and what your family need. When you argue with a family member, try to meet in the middle, so 3 sides are happy with the agreement.
Talk about it. Try 4 your everyday life with a family member at a right time and in a place where they are open to listening.
Build trust. It takes time to build trust in relationships with your family! You really need to work hard 5 a long time. Start with small things and work your way up.
Spend time together. Understanding and love come from staying together. 6 you spend free time with your family doing everyday things more often, you will make your relationships stronger.
Take a break. It is OK for you to take some time out. Why not let your family know you want some time 7 and that you will join them again when you are feeling ready.
Everyone in the family plays an important part in finding solutions to family relations. Get creative - think about how you can 8 with a problem in different ways.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(4)
Guests are people that we invite to our home so they should be welcome sincerely and we should make sure they feel comfortable as they are in their own home. Sometimes we get enough time to 1 for guests, but sometimes we don't. Here are some ways to help you to get everything ready for the guests in a short time.
Get a bedroom for your guests
Change bed covers, clean the bathroom and you can even add a nice scented (芬芳的) candle to make them relaxed. These are simple things you can do even if you are very 2 . Just keep in mind everything fresh and clean will do fine.
Know what your 3 eating habits are.
Don't forget to learn about 4 they are allergic (过敏) to any certain kind of food to avoid the embarrassment (难堪). If you hardly have time to cook for them, then take them out to 5 so that they can taste new foods there.
Plan activities well
If they come during the vacation, then you can make plans 6 some outdoor activities. If they come over the weekends, then you can enjoy some indoor activities together.
Make them know your absence
It can happen that you may not be able to be with your guests all the time while they are staying in your home. In that situation, you can explain it to them politely and you may have someone 7 to be with them while you are absent.
When your guests say goodbye, you may give them gifts like a photo in a beautiful frame (相框), which will 8 them of beautiful moments that they spend with you.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(5)
Signs of Healthy Friendships
We all know that friends play an important part in our lives. As time goes by, you might get so 1 to a friendship that you don't know whether it's still healthy or not. Why not look at these signs of healthy friendships and have a check
Good friends are real and honest with each other.
Your friends know you well. 2 you are poor at something, they love you anyway. You are perhaps the “best version (版本)” of yourself when you're with your friends.
Honesty is considered as the most important thing in a healthy friendship. True friends won't 3 to you, even though their words may hurt your feelings. As a result, you'll trust each other more and build a stronger friendship.
You argue in a healthy way.
Most of the people think that good friends never fight, but it's just one of the most 4 misunderstandings (误解). The truth is that everyone fights. Expressing your ideas freely will cause you to argue from time to time. But in fact, arguments can be healthy as long as you 5 with them in a wise way. For example, while arguing, you'd better keep your voice low and put yourself in others' shoes.
Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with 6 else,too.
Even if you have the best friends, it will not stop you from making new ones. Instead, your friends will encourage you to meet new people and try new things 7 them. That's because a healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart.
Have you found any problems in your friendships according to the signs above If so, the next step is to work hard and fix them. After all, walking with a friend in the 8 is better than walking alone in the light.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(6)
When you hear the word hero, you may think of someone like Mahatma Gandhi or Nelson Mandela. But there are also "everyday" heroes - they may not be familiar to the public, but they do what they can to help 1 people's lives as well. Everyday heroes are normal people who are working to make the world a better place. 2 them is Robert Lee.
Lee grew up in New York City. Because his family was not rich, he learned the importance of not 3
food from a young age. When in college, he was part of a student group that gave out leftover (剩余的) food to homeless people. This experience made him realize how 4 the problem of food waste actually was.
After he left university, Lee gave up a well-paid job and 5 his own business called Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RIC). RLC runs simply. Just using an app developed by Lee's team, restaurants report how much leftover food they have each day. Then volunteers are sent to get it. They never drive or use other public transportation as the distance is usually short. 6 they can just do their deliveries (递送) by walking from the restaurants to the shelters. Lee believes it is a quick way of delivery.
So far, Lee and his team have successfully saved over 150,000 kilograms of food, serving almost 300,000 meals to people who need them. Lee has shown that a small action can make a big difference to our life than we imagine. When Lee is 7 what his next plan is, he replies there's still a long way to go. This is just the 8 . With more restaurants, who knows how much more we can do.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(7)
Having been in China for quite a few years, I am very much impressed by the rapid development of the country. One of the great things about living in China is how convenient it is to travel to different places. 1 inside a city or across the whole country.
China is especially famous for its high-speed trains, which are 2 the most advanced in the ing from the UK, I was never on a bullet train before I came to China, for my country has no high-speed rail service. And 3 a fan of technology, I was excited to take a high-speed train in China for myself.
The first time I took the bullet train was when I travelled from Beijing to Yueyang in Hunan province for the Spring Festival. Once the journey began, it was strange to hear about five different movies being both on people's phones and computers. In the UK, usually, most people don't 4 answer phone calls on a train, because they don't want to disturb (打扰) other passengers. But at least I had a chance to practice my Chinese listening skills during that train ride, I suppose.
Back home, trains are famous for being late or canceled. And if a train does show up, it's almost 5 to find a seat on it during rush hours. What's more, some stations don't have security (安保人员), meaning that you can just 6 on and off any train you like, and buy your ticket once you're on there.
In China, however, things are a lot more efficient (高效的). Because 7 has his or her own seat, there's no need to rush when your train arrives. After your journey begins, you can just sit back and enjoy the beautiful view 8 the window.
I arrived in Yucyang safely and on time. As I left the station, I couldn't help but think that this simple train journey summed up the talent, intelligence, hard work and efficiency of Chinese people.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(8)
As one of the world's oldest countries, China has a history rich in over 5000 years. Here are general introductions about some treasures of Chinese culture.
Dumplings
Dumplings are one of the Chinese people's favorite traditional dishes. According to a Chinese story, dumplings were 1 made by the medical saint Zhang Zhongjing. After that, people began to make dumplings. Normally, there are three steps to make dumplings: 1)make dumpling skins (皮); 2)prepare dumpling stuffing (馅); 3)make dumplings and boil 2 . With thin skin, fresh stuffing, special shapes, nice smell and delicious taste, dumplings are worth eating hundreds of times. At the Spring Festival and other celebrations, or 3 treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the tradition of eating dumplings. To Chinese people, 4 dumplings at the moment when the old year is replaced by the new is the most important part of saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new year.
Chinese Kung Fu
Kung Fu, 5 Wushu or Chinese martial arts as well, is a series of fighting styles which have developed over a long historical period in China. Nowadays, it is getting more and more popular and even becomes a symbol of Chinese culture. Styles 6 Shaolin, Tai Chi and Qigong have many followers worldwide. Some westerners think that every Chinese is a Kung Fu master (大师). Of course, that's not true, but this traditional sport and culture has really had much influence on Chinese people's lifestyle.
Chinese Characters
At first, Chinese characters were just simple pictures used to help people remember things. It's said that those pictures or inscriptions on tortoise shells (甲骨文) are 7 to be the beginning forms of them. Chinese characters have something in 8 with other Chinese traditional everyday things like chopsticks and buildings like Siheyuan. They are usually playing outside and square inside, which comes from ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth (天圆地方), also known as “Harmony is what matters”.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(9)
Once upon a time, there was famine (饥荒) in a small village in Southeast China. People had to live on fishing. A little girl went fishing every day, but only got a few. One day, she went fishing as usual. When she started pulling the fishing net (渔网), she felt it 1 than before, thinking that she might catch more fish. In fact, it was the King of Frogs (青蛙). The frog begged (乞求) the girl to let him go and he would tell her a secret in return. He told her to hold out her fishing net to the sunshine and he would sing a magic song at the same time. The little girl followed what he said. Suddenly, the sunshine 2 into golden grains (谷粒) of rice after it fell through the net. That's 3 rice first appeared in China.
We do not know whether this story is true or not, but it tells us that rice has the same value (价值) as gold to the Chinese. From then on, rice has been 4 grown in all parts of China, from the south to north. For centuries, rice is always the main food for the Chinese. So it's important and necessary for all people.
However, the problem of food waste is getting more and more serious. In June 2020, the United Nations warned that the world would face the worst food problem in 50 years. And on August 11, President Xi Jinping pointed out that there was a serious food waste in China, and he called on all the Chinese to take an active part in 5 the food. So what can we do in our everyday life Here's some 6 .
First, do not order too much in a restaurant. Don't order more food than that you can eat. If you cannot eat all the food, take the 7 of the food home. Second, don't be too picky (挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. Third, keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, 8 vegetables and fruit, because they're easy to go bad.
Let's take actions together right now!
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
I、 解题策略
短文填空与完形填空英文表达都为cloze,但短文填空没有选项的提示，通常就会比完形填空更难。必 须根据文章内容的总体暗示和前后关联来做题。所以最基本的要求是必须读懂短文意思。短文的题材有很多，有故事、建议、科普小品、风土人情、人物、文化、体育等。考查的内容也相当广泛，但常以动词(同义词区别及不同形式)、介词、代词、形容词(副词)的级、名词的数、习惯用语的搭配、连词等为主。 具体解题步骤如下：
1、知己知彼：短文填空共计填写8个单词，单词词性通常均匀分布，主攻：名词、代词、动词、形容词&副词、介 词、连词。
2、解题技巧
① 复现词(上下文重复出现的某个单词)。
② 小语境(理解前后几句话的意思),大语境(对全文的理解、作者的意图等)。
③ 固定搭配和句型。
④ 短结构。
⑤ 语法结构。
3、解题步骤
① 通读全文，了解大体意思，结合语法语意进行填空，再通读全文予以检查。
② 分析句子结构，缺什么补什么。
注意：如果一个句子看似完整，那么它很可能缺少的是副词或情态动词。如果一句话中有两个简单句， 那么这句话中可能缺少连 词。因此，掌握单词、短语或从句在句中的成份(主谓宾定状补),从而推断出所 填单词的词性，对于短文填空至关重要。
③ 不要“得意忘了形”,不要“粗心丢了分”。
动词检查时态、语态和主谓是否一致
名词检查单复数和所有格
形容词检查比较级和最高级
代词检查主宾格及其单复数，形代或名代，反身代词单复数
检查单词大小写及拼写
每空只能填一个词，两个词及以上均为错误
短文填空有方法：
一读文章找大意，文章常用中心句；
二读文章猜词意，不要得意忘了形；
三读文章细检查，祝你取得好成绩!
Ⅱ 、例题讲解
从近年题目看，短文填空的文体和词性分布如下：
2017说明文(介绍如何在日常交际中终止谈话的技巧)
考查名词2题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词1题，动词1题，连词1题，介词1题
2018 说明文(介绍对于青少年成长问题的建议)
考查名词1题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词1题，动词2题，介词2题
2019说明文(介绍三十岁的人生感悟)
考查名词2题，代词1题，形容词1题，动词2题，连词2题
2020说明文(介绍如何降低负面情绪)
考查名词1题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词2题，动词2题，介词1题
2021 说明文(介绍如何有效记笔记)
考查名词1题，代词1题，形容词1题，副词1题，动词2题，连词1题，介词1题
2022记叙文(讲述王女士和她母亲之间的故事以唤起人们对于老年人的关爱)
考查名词2题，动词2题，形容词2题，副词1题，连词1题
2023年说明文（长期饮用冷水对人体的危害）
考查名词2题，形容词2题，连词1题，动词2题，介词1题
III.主要考察内容和注意事项细分七大类如下：
( 一)复现词
复现词就是出现在目标空格前后跟空格中应该填的词一样的词。通常就在空格的不远处。但需要注意 的是，有些复现词离目标空格距离比较远，需要我们做题时静下心来理解，而且在做完所有题后应该拉通 读一遍文章，那些不明显的复现词会变得明显起来。
复现词为名词、代词
When you get into trouble, ask others for . That little help may get you good results.
After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat（ ）, you will feel so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking __________water really unhealthy
3.Every goal （目标）has a cost. Whether it is time, money, or sweat, make sure you are willing to pay the price to your__________. What help will you need to achieve your goal
4.Failure(失败) shows us the right way, makes grow up and teaches us how to be successful（ ）.
复现词为动词
1.I had a dream last night. I about the days that I lived with my parents in the small village, growing crops for a living.
2. Try to get close to them by questions. For example, as you pass someone, you can ask,“Hil Do you enjoy doing these projects " or“Do you have any ideas about how to do it better ”
3.Drawing can improve your handwriting. You need to use the skills to control( 控 制 ) your pencil better when you are___ ____pictures.
复现词为形容词、副词
1. They are trying their best to make a home because the cost of living is very Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living.
2.Listen to what the teacher says. Careful listening in class means less work later.
3.If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. For some kids, going slower makes the handwriting clear. If you write too , it’s hard for you to stop where you should, and even worse
复现词较远的情况
1、Before I came to Italy, I had different ideas about Italian culture（文化）. People seem to（好像） be very friendly. However, after staying here for a year, I find that's not always the case. Men and women will get quite different traveling experiences（经历） in Italy.
If you are a woman traveler, don't be surprised if you get a lot of attention（注意）. When you walk alone in the street, you will often hear“Ciao, Bella (Hi, beauty)”from Italian men. You may meet a guy who will help you with your luggage(行李) and sometimes even offer you a ride.However,there's only a small chance this type of thing happens to
2.One morning, just as she arrived at her 74 , Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself. Right away, she called her mother back quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake.
小语境(目标空格前或后一句话是解题的关键，解题应将几句话当一个整体来理解)
名词
1.Sports are good for a girl's . If a girl plays sports, she won't get ill very often.
2.Once a young man was at a railway station.He was going to call his mother and to tell her the number and the time of his . so that she could pick him up at the station in her car.
3.The shop owner gave Jack some money and even offered him an apartment at low rents. With the shop owner's he could go on his painting career.
代词
few/a few/little/a little 辨析
other/others/the other/the others/another辨析
both/either/neither/all/none辨析
it和one辨析
1. According to the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control（中国控烟协会）, about 350 million Chinese smoke. Among 50 million are teenagers（青少年）.
2.When you decide on your hotel,. will know the dates of your stay and will be able to book transport.
3.By then I also had own bread. That was lucky.
4. As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin（餐巾纸）, pick up and lay it on your lap（膝盖上）.
5.Although（虽然） you have no chance to draw at school,you can practice（练习） by at home.
6. Reading is an activity people enjoy a lot in their free time. Some like reading newspapers,and ____________enjoy novels or comic books.
7.One must have a kind heart.Always do something good for . Help those in trouble and care about people around you.
8.Peter found that Albert was great at table tennis but bad at basketball. However, he enjoyed of them.
9.The police go around towns to make sure that is all right.
10.My grandfather told me,“ is so rich that he can throw away a friend."Everyone needs friends.
11. He wasted a lot of time.He didn't pay attention to his lessons. He didn't listen to his teacher. Sometimes he even slept in class with his MP4 player on. of his teachers knew how to teach him. Luckily, a new teacher named Li Ping came to his class.
12.A kind of little cars may be seen in the streets in the future.People will like this kind of small cars better than the big
13. The people in China are much friendlier than __________ in Japan.
14. The food in this restaurant is more delicious than in ________one.
形容词
、形容词的构成
形容词的后缀
-ful: helpful;wonderful;careful
-less:helpless;careless;hopeless
-y: funny;sunny;rainy
-ly: lovely;friendly;lonely;weekly
-al/-ical: national(全国的)、natural（自然的）、chemical（化学的）；medical（医学的）
-ant：important；pleasant
-able/-ble:comfortable,terrible
-ary : ordinary(普通的)、necessary（必要的）
-ed和-ing形容词辨析
、比较级和最高级
（三）、词义辨析
1.If you don't want to fight a lot with your sister, find some time to spend with her! If you are the ______________one,she will think it's cool that you hang out with her. If you are the younger one, be nice to her.
2.Just because you're family, it doesn't mean you'll have a lot of the opinions(观点). After all, you are different.
3. Tommy hated school. On the days he went to school, he looked for different kinds of excuses（借口） to go back home. He spent time at home than he did at school.
4.What can you do to keep _______ Perhaps for children, healthy eating is one of the most important things. Here are some ideas about how to eat _______.
5. A good breakfast is very ________________ to children. It's necessary to have it in the morning. But some children often go to school without breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little _______.
副词
1.James is a very popular person in his town. Many people like him a lot. He is not famous in sports or arts. But people, those who are poor know him well for he is always kind to others.
2.A year passed, and we didn't hear from him, not even a word. We all missed him and wished we could get in touch with him soon.
3.In some countries, people only travel by car. They get from one place to another using public transport such as buses and trains.
4.I have always wanted to be a reporter. When I graduated from school and tried to be a reporter, I got refused(拒绝) every time.Five years later, my mom told me a radio station needed a reporter, but ,I failed again.
5.The book has not only funny stories that bring us lots of fun, it includes a lot of information that we can learn from.
6. Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. Sometimes they have disagreement and decide not to talk to each other. ,this usually does not last for long. They become good friends again in a short time.
Studying all day is not good for your grades. _________ , it will stay in the way of your improvement.
连词
解题时必须注意根据目标空格前后的小语境判断两个分句是什么关系，从而确定使用什么连词。常见 的分句间的逻辑关系有并列、转折、让步、因果、条件、递进、顺序等关系。
(一)并列连词
(1) 表示顺承、延续或平行关系的并列连词
并列连词 词义 例句
and 和；而且 We are singing and they are dancing.
both…and… 两者都 Both you and I are students.
not only…but also… 不但……而且…… Not only you but also he has gone to Canada.
neither…nor… 既不……也不…… She likes neither butter nor cheese.
(2) 表示转折或对比关系的并列连词
连词 词义 用法 例句
but 但是 表转折 His mother won’t be there, but his father might.
while 但是，然而 表对比 I like English while he likes math.
however 然而 位置灵活，用逗号与句子隔开 We tried our best. However, we lost the game.
(3) 表示选择关系的并列连词
连词 词义 例句
or 或者;否则 Hurry up, or you will be late.
either…or… 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home.
whether …or… 不管……还是…… Whether you like or dislike the job, you’ll have to finish it.
(4) 表示因果关系的并列连词
连词 词义 例句
so 因此,所以 He worked hard, so he passed the exam.
for 因为 You'd better put on your coat, for it's getting cold outside.
、从属连词
1．引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有
when, while, as, until/till, since, before, after, as soon as等。
连词 词义 例句
when 当……时 When I arrived there, Ann was waiting for me.
while 当……时 While/When I was painting, I heard a strange noise.
as 当……时，随着 As time passed, things seemed to get better.
until/till 直到…… I shall wait until/till you come back.
since 自从 I haven't played football since I left university.
before 在……之前 Remember to turn off the lights before you go.
after 在……之后 Could you give the e-dictionary to David after you use it
as soon as 一……就…… Henry will give us a report as soon as he arrives.
2．引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as。
连词 词义 例句
if 如果 We'll stay at home if it rains.
unless 除非，如果不 You can't win unless you work hard.
as long as 只要 I'll give it to you as long as you promise to use it properly.
3．引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so... that..., such... that... 如此……以至于……
1).such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词=so+adj. +a/an+单数可数名词
She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her.
She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her.
2).such+adj+不可数名词/复数名词+that
It is such good news that everyone feels happy.
They are such lovely girls that everyone likes them.
4．引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有though/although, no matter..., even if/though等。
连词 词义 例句
though/although 虽然,尽管 Though/Although he is rich, he lives a simple life.
even though/even if 即使 Even if/though we fail, we will not stop trying.
whenever 无论何时 Whenever you need some help, give me a call.
however 无论如何 However difficult the task is, we must complete it.
whatever 无论什么 Whatever you do I'm behind you.
5．引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, in order that等。
连词 词义 例句
in order that 为了，以便 I started early in order that I could arrive before dark.
so that 为的是，以便 You'd better take a map with you so that you won't get lost.
6．引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since等。
连词 词义 例句
because 因为 Everyone likes my brother because he is friendly.
since 因为,既然 Since we have no idea about it, let's ask Mr. Li.
as 因为,由于 As it was getting late, I decided to start for home.
7．引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where, wherever。
You shouldn't go where you are not asked to.你不能去不让你去的地方。
（三）、巩固练习
1.You may succeed you have good study habits.
2.All the singers sang clearly and looked comfortable on the stage. some of them took part in the competition for the first time, they were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.
3. The baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he had got a pound. he weighed it, he found that he hadn't. The baker then took the farmer to the judge.
4.I felt upset because I worked so hard I still did badly in my maths.
5. To be honest,I am not sure there is love in my family. Every day, my parents are very busy making money so that they can provide a good life for my sister and me.
6.Many people are so busy these days they have no time to cook at home. This becomes a problem because most families love home cooking.
7. Carnegie was born in 1888 in a poor farming family in the central United States. The boy didn't see a train _________he was 12 years old.
8.Never ever give up your dream, ________________ you won't be able to have a chance to achieve it.
动词
1.Of course, people can learn by listening to the radio.But with TV they can learn better and more easily. Why Because they can and watch at the same time.
2. Tom was sick with disappointment. The piano performance was almost a success. However,he___________ in his violin part. He couldn't understand how it could have happened.
3.You can get some fresh bread at the baker's. You can also go to the barber's shop and have your hair
4.According to the study, Korean students don't like notes. About 70% said they write down what the teacher says in class, much fewer than in Japan (93%), China(90%)and the U.S.(89%).
5.Take some exercise.You have hard most of the time, so you need to join in outdoor activities, which can help you get refreshed. You can benefit from different forms of exercise like swimming, jogging and mountain climbing.
6.Do you find it difficult to ask someone to lend you something It depends on what you do. For example, if you borrow something from your friends without it to them, they may not lend you anything again.
(三)大语境(线索不在空格周边而是在充分理解全文的基础上推测而出答案)
A
More and more people are drinking soft drinks with caffeine in them.Some people drink Coca Cola or Pepsi every day. They have stomach problems and can't stop drinking these drinks. They are cola addicts. If you are a cola addict, you should stop drinking these drinks. You can drink green tea or black tea. You can even drink a little coffee. Soft drinks with caffeine will be bad for your bones. You may also get teeth problems, headaches and even high blood pressure.
Energy drinks are not healthy, either. They are full of caffeine. And you should never drink energy drinks on an empty stomach.
Water is the drink you can have. If you want to drink something tasty, you can add some slices of lemon. You can also drink as much fresh natural juice as you want. There are lots of healthier choices out there.
B
Here is a story which I heard from my father yesterday evening over tea. One of his friends had recently been to the Himalayas, the famous mountain range in the world. While he was walking along the mountain paths, he met a few other visitors. Among the visitors were an old lady and her grandson. The small child admired the beautiful mountains and snow covered peaks. He said to his grandmother,“How nice these mountains are! Can we take them home, grandma ”The old woman smiled and said,“Dear, if some children like you had taken them away yesterday, would you have had a chance to see them Now if we take these mountains away today, then tomorrow, another child will not have the chance to see these beautiful things. Don't you think they are so nice that everyone should see and enjoy them ”
What a great ! Our lives become meaningful only when we learn the value of everything and give up our desires to have everything for ourselves. Just as the saying goes,“The rich man is not the one who has the most, but the one who needs the least.”
C
There once lived in China a king and a queen who were very . One day the queen had a baby daughter. When they saw their baby, they cried,“My goodness! How small it is! It's toothless! It's a monster!” They sent for all the doctors in the country and ordered them to prepare some medicine for the baby.
“When she takes your medicine, she must grow to the right size and have teeth," the king said,“If you fail to
do this, you will be punished.”
The doctors thought it impossible, but they dared not say anything against the king's order. Just then an old doctor stepped forward.“Oh, we shall certainly follow your order,"he said.“But it takes time. We have to dig a material out from the Kunlun Mountain when the snow melts for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once every six years. So we need twelve years."
At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little girl. On her twelfth birthday, they brought her back to her parents with long black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were very happy and gave the doctors expensive presents.
(四)固定搭配
常见固定搭配有系动词与形容词，名词短语，动宾短语，形容词与副词短语，形容词与介词短语，介 词与它的宾语搭配，形容词与介词搭配等等。部分例子列举如下：
1.His wish to be an actor has true.
2.He keeps working in the laboratory day and
3.My mother some cleaning twice a week.
4. The town my friend lives in is far
5.The school is not far my home.
6.She really feels like shopping with her best friend this afternoon.
7.The bag was filled food by him.
8. of all, you're supposed to introduce yourself before speaking.
9.Getting early is a very good habit.
10.The holiday is going to be over. The children have to go to school soon.
11.I heard my father last week. He told me he would come back to England to visit us two weeks later.
12.Most American high schools have at least two dances during the year, one in winter and the in spring.
13.Standing by the shelves,she looked over the books one after . It made them in a fearful mess.
(五)经典短结构
1.Is your English handwriting beautiful If ___________,here are four steps that really help you to improve.
2.Don't drop litter everywhere.If , take it home with a bag.
3.I'm afraid of the dark, so I always sleep with the light
4.Do not leave the room with water
5.You must be careful when the street.
6.They go to coffee shops to talk with friends, or just listen to music taking a nap.
(六)语法结构(学会正确分析长句中所缺的语法成分和词性是非常非常重要的)
请试着分析下面句中所缺什么词性的词，并在句中充当什么成分。
1.Jack felt so upset that he couldn't know to do to make his parents trust him again.
2.You can see“Don't smoke!”sign everywhere in our campus.Actually, is not only never allowed among the students, but also among the teachers.
3.A good breakfast is very important to children. It's necessary to have it in the morning. But some children often go to school breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer. Remember that a good breakfast will help you study better.
4.It was June 22nd,2023,a traditional Chinese festival the Dragon Boat Festival.
5.In Sweden,doing something for someone is the best gift. People don't need to spend too much money. ,making a delicious meal is enough.
6.Housewives found it to wash. This new type of apron(围裙) became popular across the whole country.
(七)得意不要忘了形
在获得了正确的目标词以后， 一定不要忘了该词的正确形式。各个词性常见可能形式如下：
(做完后 请思考各个词性总共有哪些可能变化的形式需要考虑)
动词(动词变化的形式有：原形、三单、过去式、现在分词、过去分词)
1.People usually say dogs and cats are good at their way home by using their sense of smell.
2.He hated losing anything. When he , he would feel really good.If he lost, he would feel terrible.
3. Make sure your stories have popular factors and the reader will find your travel stories not only pleasant to read, but useful as well.Popular factors are food to eat, places to stay and the things to look out for while
4. We cannot see or hear time. We know it only when it is passing. We know it has passed only when something . In the real world, changes never stop.
5.He managed to become the champion of China's Got Talent and was the“armless pianist”by people.
代词
1.Tell the truth. Have you ever copied homework Don't do it again.
2. As you see the photographs, you can describe your experiences easily by remembering how you felt when you took
3.Do not run too much, or too fast.You will probably get hurt. Most people get running injuries when they push too hard.
4.I am taller than her.But her legs are longer than
名词
1.If you write too fast, it is hard for you to stop where you should, and even worse, you may make
more
2.Basically, according to a recent scientific study, children's language learning ability is much stronger than .Adults learn a language far more slowly than children.
3.There are always more solutions than problems. Don't be too worried about it.Here are some that may help you.
4.It's not the time for“Men Only"anymore. can do the same things as men do. They even do
better in some field.
Keep the you make.Once you break them, it's hard for you to be trusted again.
形容词和副词
1. People also saw the sun rise in the sky, sometimes but sometimes lower,
2. Soon there would be a match between Peter and Albert. Peter worked hard to get ready for the match, but
Albert didn't seem to think of it.
3.Living together can bring out the best and the in people.Some roommates become best friends, and some learn to live with each other, but very few end up hating each other.
4.When you hold your pencil the correct way, writing is much .Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting not nice.
实战演练
(1)
When I was a teenager, I did a six-week summer learning program at a college. It helped kids get a taste of what college is like. We were busy every day. We had classes in the morning and the evenings were 1 with fun activities. So we just had a short break in the afternoons, however. One afternoon, my friend Claude and I found an old basketball. We didn't know 2 it belonged to, but we decided to put it back after we played it. We went to an outdoor basketball playground for a 3 , just the two of us.
At the time, Claude was taller and he was also 4 at basketball than me.I fell behind fast. I made up my mind to catch up with him, though, so I drove hard to the basket - and missed it! The ball bounced off the rim (从篮筐弹回) and I jumped 5 to catch it. Just as I was about to catch it, I saw an elbow (手肘) right above my face.
As Claude caught the ball, his elbow came down hard, right into my eye. I saw stars everywhere. The pain was terrible. Claude kept 6 "sorry" over and over again. I could do nothing but laugh through the pain.
I spent the next few days walking around 7 a black eye, but it was worth it. For years afterward, I got a laugh whenever I told the story and joked about Claude's elbows of death.
In this life, we all get an elbow to the eye sometimes. Our plans fail. Things work against us. Our ups become downs. 8 these happen, it's best to face them with laughter and forgiveness (原谅). In this way, we can turn our pain to joy and we can learn and grow.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(2)
What to expect at high school.
You are in Junior Three now, which means you are on the way to high school. Are you super worried about what to expect at high school Well, guess what Everyone is! The following tips will help to guide you through your first day!
Understand that you'll be moving a lot.
Depending on the school you're at, there could be more subjects and you'll have more classrooms! One for 1 subject. Be ready to move around and remember what classrooms they are in, don't go into the wrong one.
Understand the newness of high school.
In your new school, there will be many 2 from your junior life. There are more subjects, usually more strict teachers and more classrooms! Don't worry! There are still some good points. More friends and more freedom (hopefully)! So go along with them and don't feel worried 3 the change.
Know 4 to watch out for.
Not every student is your friend. Stay away from those students who are in 5 grades than you! They're older and stronger, and of course you will be an easy target (目标), so be careful! If they do try to threaten (恐吓) you or anything, tell your parents or teachers to help you with it.
Be prepared for the dining room.
Make sure you have friends to sit with, 6 you'll look lonely and feel lonely. Make some new friends to sit with, and you'll have a happy mood while 7 . Of course, a happy mood leads to a healthy diet. Try to eat healthily on your first day.
Remember to stay good in school.
Do your homework carefully and make sure you study hard! You don't need an "A" for everything, but an "F" on everything is not good! 8 enough time on study and take notes during class. You had to learn how to make full use of your time.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(3)
You may sometimes feel worried and upset about your relations with your family members. Not 1 along well with them probably has a bad influence on you. Here is some advice to you so that your problems and pressures can be dealt with properly.
Take time to listen. When your opinions are different from your family members, do not 2 them. Let them finish talking. You should also think about what you need and what your family need. When you argue with a family member, try to meet in the middle, so 3 sides are happy with the agreement.
Talk about it. Try 4 your everyday life with a family member at a right time and in a place where they are open to listening.
Build trust. It takes time to build trust in relationships with your family! You really need to work hard 5 a long time. Start with small things and work your way up.
Spend time together. Understanding and love come from staying together. 6 you spend free time with your family doing everyday things more often, you will make your relationships stronger.
Take a break. It is OK for you to take some time out. Why not let your family know you want some time 7 and that you will join them again when you are feeling ready.
Everyone in the family plays an important part in finding solutions to family relations. Get creative - think about how you can 8 with a problem in different ways.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(4)
Guests are people that we invite to our home so they should be welcome sincerely and we should make sure they feel comfortable as they are in their own home. Sometimes we get enough time to 1 for guests, but sometimes we don't. Here are some ways to help you to get everything ready for the guests in a short time.
Get a bedroom for your guests
Change bed covers, clean the bathroom and you can even add a nice scented (芬芳的) candle to make them relaxed. These are simple things you can do even if you are very 2 . Just keep in mind everything fresh and clean will do fine.
Know what your 3 eating habits are.
Don't forget to learn about 4 they are allergic (过敏) to any certain kind of food to avoid the embarrassment (难堪). If you hardly have time to cook for them, then take them out to 5 so that they can taste new foods there.
Plan activities well
If they come during the vacation, then you can make plans 6 some outdoor activities. If they come over the weekends, then you can enjoy some indoor activities together.
Make them know your absence
It can happen that you may not be able to be with your guests all the time while they are staying in your home. In that situation, you can explain it to them politely and you may have someone 7 to be with them while you are absent.
When your guests say goodbye, you may give them gifts like a photo in a beautiful frame (相框), which will 8 them of beautiful moments that they spend with you.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(5)
Signs of Healthy Friendships
We all know that friends play an important part in our lives. As time goes by, you might get so 1 to a friendship that you don't know whether it's still healthy or not. Why not look at these signs of healthy friendships and have a check
Good friends are real and honest with each other.
Your friends know you well. 2 you are poor at something, they love you anyway. You are perhaps the “best version (版本)” of yourself when you're with your friends.
Honesty is considered as the most important thing in a healthy friendship. True friends won't 3 to you, even though their words may hurt your feelings. As a result, you'll trust each other more and build a stronger friendship.
You argue in a healthy way.
Most of the people think that good friends never fight, but it's just one of the most 4 misunderstandings (误解). The truth is that everyone fights. Expressing your ideas freely will cause you to argue from time to time. But in fact, arguments can be healthy as long as you 5 with them in a wise way. For example, while arguing, you'd better keep your voice low and put yourself in others' shoes.
Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with 6 else,too.
Even if you have the best friends, it will not stop you from making new ones. Instead, your friends will encourage you to meet new people and try new things 7 them. That's because a healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart.
Have you found any problems in your friendships according to the signs above If so, the next step is to work hard and fix them. After all, walking with a friend in the 8 is better than walking alone in the light.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(6)
When you hear the word hero, you may think of someone like Mahatma Gandhi or Nelson Mandela. But there are also "everyday" heroes - they may not be familiar to the public, but they do what they can to help 1 people's lives as well. Everyday heroes are normal people who are working to make the world a better place. 2 them is Robert Lee.
Lee grew up in New York City. Because his family was not rich, he learned the importance of not 3
food from a young age. When in college, he was part of a student group that gave out leftover (剩余的) food to homeless people. This experience made him realize how 4 the problem of food waste actually was.
After he left university, Lee gave up a well-paid job and 5 his own business called Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RIC). RLC runs simply. Just using an app developed by Lee's team, restaurants report how much leftover food they have each day. Then volunteers are sent to get it. They never drive or use other public transportation as the distance is usually short. 6 they can just do their deliveries (递送) by walking from the restaurants to the shelters. Lee believes it is a quick way of delivery.
So far, Lee and his team have successfully saved over 150,000 kilograms of food, serving almost 300,000 meals to people who need them. Lee has shown that a small action can make a big difference to our life than we imagine. When Lee is 7 what his next plan is, he replies there's still a long way to go. This is just the 8 . With more restaurants, who knows how much more we can do.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(7)
Having been in China for quite a few years, I am very much impressed by the rapid development of the country. One of the great things about living in China is how convenient it is to travel to different places. 1 inside a city or across the whole country.
China is especially famous for its high-speed trains, which are 2 the most advanced in the ing from the UK, I was never on a bullet train before I came to China, for my country has no high-speed rail service. And 3 a fan of technology, I was excited to take a high-speed train in China for myself.
The first time I took the bullet train was when I travelled from Beijing to Yueyang in Hunan province for the Spring Festival. Once the journey began, it was strange to hear about five different movies being both on people's phones and computers. In the UK, usually, most people don't 4 answer phone calls on a train, because they don't want to disturb (打扰) other passengers. But at least I had a chance to practice my Chinese listening skills during that train ride, I suppose.
Back home, trains are famous for being late or canceled. And if a train does show up, it's almost 5 to find a seat on it during rush hours. What's more, some stations don't have security (安保人员), meaning that you can just 6 on and off any train you like, and buy your ticket once you're on there.
In China, however, things are a lot more efficient (高效的). Because 7 has his or her own seat, there's no need to rush when your train arrives. After your journey begins, you can just sit back and enjoy the beautiful view 8 the window.
I arrived in Yucyang safely and on time. As I left the station, I couldn't help but think that this simple train journey summed up the talent, intelligence, hard work and efficiency of Chinese people.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(8)
As one of the world's oldest countries, China has a history rich in over 5000 years. Here are general introductions about some treasures of Chinese culture.
Dumplings
Dumplings are one of the Chinese people's favorite traditional dishes. According to a Chinese story, dumplings were 1 made by the medical saint Zhang Zhongjing. After that, people began to make dumplings. Normally, there are three steps to make dumplings: 1)make dumpling skins (皮); 2)prepare dumpling stuffing (馅); 3)make dumplings and boil 2 . With thin skin, fresh stuffing, special shapes, nice smell and delicious taste, dumplings are worth eating hundreds of times. At the Spring Festival and other celebrations, or 3 treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the tradition of eating dumplings. To Chinese people, 4 dumplings at the moment when the old year is replaced by the new is the most important part of saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new year.
Chinese Kung Fu
Kung Fu, 5 Wushu or Chinese martial arts as well, is a series of fighting styles which have developed over a long historical period in China. Nowadays, it is getting more and more popular and even becomes a symbol of Chinese culture. Styles 6 Shaolin, Tai Chi and Qigong have many followers worldwide. Some westerners think that every Chinese is a Kung Fu master (大师). Of course, that's not true, but this traditional sport and culture has really had much influence on Chinese people's lifestyle.
Chinese Characters
At first, Chinese characters were just simple pictures used to help people remember things. It's said that those pictures or inscriptions on tortoise shells (甲骨文) are 7 to be the beginning forms of them. Chinese characters have something in 8 with other Chinese traditional everyday things like chopsticks and buildings like Siheyuan. They are usually playing outside and square inside, which comes from ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth (天圆地方), also known as “Harmony is what matters”.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
(9)
Once upon a time, there was famine (饥荒) in a small village in Southeast China. People had to live on fishing. A little girl went fishing every day, but only got a few. One day, she went fishing as usual. When she started pulling the fishing net (渔网), she felt it 1 than before, thinking that she might catch more fish. In fact, it was the King of Frogs (青蛙). The frog begged (乞求) the girl to let him go and he would tell her a secret in return. He told her to hold out her fishing net to the sunshine and he would sing a magic song at the same time. The little girl followed what he said. Suddenly, the sunshine 2 into golden grains (谷粒) of rice after it fell through the net. That's 3 rice first appeared in China.
We do not know whether this story is true or not, but it tells us that rice has the same value (价值) as gold to the Chinese. From then on, rice has been 4 grown in all parts of China, from the south to north. For centuries, rice is always the main food for the Chinese. So it's important and necessary for all people.
However, the problem of food waste is getting more and more serious. In June 2020, the United Nations warned that the world would face the worst food problem in 50 years. And on August 11, President Xi Jinping pointed out that there was a serious food waste in China, and he called on all the Chinese to take an active part in 5 the food. So what can we do in our everyday life Here's some 6 .
First, do not order too much in a restaurant. Don't order more food than that you can eat. If you cannot eat all the food, take the 7 of the food home. Second, don't be too picky (挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. Third, keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, 8 vegetables and fruit, because they're easy to go bad.
Let's take actions together right now!
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______
5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______
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