【2024年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（全国通用）】专题13 任务型阅读（含真题研习+考题特训课件）

(共66张PPT)
导师：稻壳儿
二轮复习讲练测
第十三讲：任务型阅读
01
考情分析
02
知识建构
03
真题研析
04
考点提炼
目录
CONTENTS
05
题型特训
01
考情分析
PART ONE
在近几年的各地中考阅读试题中，出现一种新型题——任务型阅读。这是阅读理解题中难度比较大的一种题型。它要求同学们在阅读文章之后能对文章里的一些细节做到准确把握，是一种读写结合的题型。任务型阅读在中考英语试卷中，不同地区考查类型不同，但常考的主要有四种类型。第一种是回答问题型，第二种是完成表格型，第三种是还原短文型，最后一种是多元综合型。
02
知识构建
PART TWO
03
真题研析
PART THREE
1．(2023·湖南长沙）
阅读还原
How to Improve Your Reading
Learning how to read well in English might not be an easy task. ____1___ Reading well in English is useful for many reasons, not only for taking tests. If you want to improve your reading in English, the following are just for you!
Choose right reading materials (材料).
There are so many choices! There are textbooks and graded readers, but there are also a lot more books you can read. ____2____ Here is a good rule to follow: choose reading materials where you understand at least 80% of the content (内容).
Be intentional (意图明确的).
Being intentional means doing something on purpose with a reason in mind. With reading, you need to be intentional by setting a reading aim. Decide on a certain number of pages you want to read each day. ____3____ To make sure your daily practice gets done, spare some time and put it in your study plan!
you need to accept the fact that you might not understand every single word, and that’s OK! Your brain can’t learn so many new things at one time. It’s more important to get the big picture of what you are reading. ___5____
A. Read word groups.
B. Don’t choose a book that is too easy or too difficult.
C. You could also be intentional with planning a time to read.
D. But it’s something you’ll have to do on your language learning journey.
E. And you can go back to check the new things you don’t understand later.
____4____
Reading can both introduce you to new vocabulary (词汇) and teach you how to use them. Many words in English are often used together in a consistent (相互连贯的) way. Reading groups of words, or words that go together, will help you better understand how to use your new vocabulary.
Don’t try to understand everything.
As you’re practicing your reading
【答案】1. D 2 B 3 C 4. A 5. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何提高你的阅读。
1.根据“Learning how to read well in English might not be an easy task.”可知，学习如何用英语阅读可能不是一件容易的事，但确是必做的事。选项D“但这是你在学习语言的过程中必须要做的。”符合语境，故选D。
2.根据“Choose right reading materials.”和“choose reading materials where you understand at least 80% of the content”可知，本段就选择正确的阅读材料给出建议，建议选择至少理解80%内容的阅读材料，选项B“不要选择太容易或太难的书。”符合语境，故选B。
3.根据“Decide on a certain number of pages you want to read each day.”可知，确定你每天要读的页数，此处与计划相关，选项C“你也可以有意识地计划一个阅读时间。”符合语境，故选C。
4.根据“Reading can both introduce you to new vocabulary and teach you how to use them.”可知，阅读既可以向你介绍新词汇，也可以教你如何使用它们。本段与新词汇相关，选项A“阅读词组。”符合语境，故选A。
5.根据“As you’re practicing your reading, you need to accept the fact that you might not understand every single word, and that’s OK!”可知，当你在练习阅读时，你需要接受你可能不理解每个单词的事实，这没关系！可以读完再回头检查不理解的部分，选项E“你可以回头检查你不理解的新东西。”符合语境，故选E。
1.（2023·江苏无锡）
阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。
To support the employment (就业) of disabled people in Guangzhou, Starbucks has opened its first “Silent Café” in China where almost half the staff are hearing impaired.
Fourteen out of the thirty staff members have trouble hearing, and so Starbucks has created a café that doesn’t require customers to say anything—nor the staff to hear anything. “This might be the quietest Starbucks among the over 3800 shops on the Chinese mainland,” says Leo Tsoi, Chief Operating Officer of Starbucks, China.
The newly opened “Silent Café” has a special ordering system where all food and drinks are numbered, letting customers easily write down their order and allowing them to place orders without having to say a word.
Chen Siting, a staff member shares her thoughts about the idea. “We cannot hear you but would like to share a tasty coffee with you,” says Siting. “I believe more people like me could find a career they dream about in the future,” she continues.
Like Siting, Zhu Jieying, has been working at Starbucks for about seven years, making him its first hearing-impaired coffee master. He has hopes that Starbucks could open more opportunities (机遇) for those who are disabled, and encourage them to prove themselves and to explore more possibilities in life.
Title; Starbucks “Silent Café”
Basic information The first one in China was ___54___ in Guangzhou.
Almost half its staff have hearing ___55___
Its customers place their order without having to say anything by writing down certain ___56___.
Staff members’ thoughts Chen Siting: More hearing-impaired people like me could find their ___57___ career in the future.
Zhu Jieying: Starbucks could ___58___ disabled people with more opportunities.
【答案】54. Opened 55. impairment 56. numbers 57 ideal 58. provide
【解析】本文介绍了星巴克为给更多有听力障碍的人提供工作，开设了“无声咖啡店”。
54.根据“Starbucks has opened its first ‘Silent Café’ in China where almost half the staff are hearing impaired.”可知第一个“无声咖啡店”在广州开业，open表示“开业”，此处用被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填opened。
55.根据“where almost half the staff are hearing impaired.”可知几乎一半的员工都有听力障碍，have后接名词，hearing impairment表示“听力障碍”。故填impairment。
56.根据“The newly opened ‘Silent Café’ has a special ordering system where all food and drinks are numbered, letting customers easily write down their order and allowing them to place orders without having to say a word.”可知新开的“无声咖啡馆”有一个特殊的点餐系统，所有的食物和饮料都有编号，让顾客很容易写下他们的订单，让他们不用说一句话就可以下单，number表示“号码”，此处用复数。故填numbers。
57.根据“I believe more people like me could find a career they dream about in the future,”可知陈思婷相信更多像她一样的人会在未来找到梦想的职业。此空为形容词作定语修饰名词，ideal表示“理想的”。故填ideal。
58.根据“He has hopes that Starbucks could open more opportunities (机遇) for those who are disabled, and encourage them lo prove themselves and to explore more possibilities in life.”可知朱洁莹希望星巴克能够给残疾人提供更多机会，provide sb with sth表示“提供给某人某物”。故填provide。
（2023·天津）
It is healthy to live around trees. Trees work as doctors and they keep us healthy.
Many scientists have studied how trees clean the air. For people in large cities, trees can be very important for their health. These days, cities are planting trees not just in parks. They are also planting trees along streets in order to help clean the air.
Some scientists also believe trees help more than just the air. Trees keep our bodies healthy as well. People in hospitals seem to do better when they can see trees from their rooms. People with trees near their homes usually take more exercise.
Scientists have also studied the healthy effects (效果) of trees on our minds. One effect of trees seems to be that they make people feel relaxed. Scientists did some research on city people in an area with few trees. After trees were planted on the street, people walked slower when going home. They said the area was much nicer.
Of course, another good effect is that doctor trees work for free!
51. Trees work as ____________ and they keep us healthy.
52. Cities are also ____________ along streets to help clean the air.
53. People in hospitals ____________ when they can see trees.
54. Scientists have studied ____________ on our minds.
55. After trees were planted on the street, ____________ when they went home.
【答案】51. doctors 52. planting trees 53 seem to do better 54. the healthy effects of trees
55. people walked slower
【解析】本文介绍了树木“医生”对人们健康的好处。
51根据“Trees work as doctors and they keep us healthy.”可知树木起着医生的作用。故填doctors。
52根据“These days, cities are planting trees not just in parks. They are also planting trees along streets in order to help clean the air.”可知城市在街道上植树，以帮助清洁空气。故填planting trees。
53根据“People in hospitals seem to do better when they can see trees from their rooms.”可知医院里的人如果能从房间里看到树，情况似乎会好一些。故填seem to do better。
54根据“Scientists have also studied the healthy effects (效果) of trees on our minds.”可知科学家们研究了树木对我们大脑的健康影响。故填the healthy effects of trees。
55根据“After trees were planted on the street, people walked slower when going home.”可知在街上种了树后，人们回家时走得慢了。故填people walked slower。
（2023·广东）
回答问题（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
Dreams may make you smart. This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams.
What is a dream exactly Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your new experiences with the old memories (记忆). As your brain connects things, it turns them into a story, and then you get a dream.
Dreams may help you deal with worries and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become less painful. And you will feel better after waking up.
Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn. This idea is supported by a study. So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.
Dreams may make you more creative, too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. However, dreams alone can’t bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.
51. Who discovered that dreams may make you smart
_____________________________________________________________________
52. When does the brain review your experiences in the day
_____________________________________________________________________
53. Where does the brain replay the painful memories
_____________________________________________________________________
54. What might help you get higher marks according to the passage
_____________________________________________________________________
55. Which matters more for creativity, hard work or dreams
____________________________________________________________________
【解析】本文介绍了梦是什么，并介绍了梦的功能。
51.根据“This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams.”可知这个结论是研究梦的科学家发现的。故填Scientists who do research on dreams (discovered it).
52.根据“Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day.”可知是在睡眠期间，大脑会回顾一天的经历。故填During sleep time.
53.根据“While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space.”可知大脑会在一个安全的梦境空间里回放痛苦的记忆。故填In a safe dream space.
54.根据“They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.”可知一个甜蜜的梦会帮助你得到高分。故填A sweet dream.
55.根据“In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.”可知努力工作对于创造力更重要。故填Hard work.
（2023·沈阳）
A
Here is some information about three organizations. They provide funds (基金) to help children, women and animals in need.
CCTF
CCTF is short for the China Children and Teenagers’ Fund. One of the CCTF’s special activities is the Spring Bud Project. In 1989, 4.8 million children in the country, aged from seven to fourteen, (A) were unable to attend school. 83% of them were girls. As a result of this, the CCTF started the Spring Bud Project to help them. (B) From then on, the project started to help them go back to school.
UNICEF
UNICEF is the “United Nations Children’s Fund”. A lot of children suffered during World War II. It was started in 1946 to help those children. (C) 今天它仍然很重要. It offers help to children and women in over 190 countries. It helps them get proper food, clean water and (D) everyday health supplies (供给品).
WWF
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) was set up in 1961. It uses a panda as its logo. The WWF is (E) ________ environmental organization. Now many animals become endangered (F) ________ people kill them and destroy their homes. The WWF aims to build a future where people live in harmony (和谐) with nature.
50. 写出文中画线部分(A)和(D)的同义词或近义词：________；________
51. 将文中画线部分(B)改写为：________ then, the project has helped them ________ to school.
52. 将文中画线部分(C)译成英语：________
53. 在文中(E)和(F)的空白处填入适当的单词：________；________
54. 从文中找出两个基金会的简称：________；________
【答案】50. ①. couldn’t ②. daily
51. ①. Since ②. return
52. Today it is still (very) important./Today it remains (very) important.
53. ①. an ②. because
54. ①. CCTF ②. UNICEF；WWF(任意两个)
【解析】本文主要介绍了三个基金会的情况。
50.were unable to表示“不能够”，且were是过去式，所以couldn’t是它的同义词；everyday“每日的”，形容词，daily是它的同义词，故填couldn’t；daily。
51.from then on=since then“从那时起”，go back=return，故填Since；return。
52.today“今天”，此句是一般现在时；it is still/it remains“它仍然是”；(very) important“非常重要”，故填Today it is still (very) important./Today it remains (very) important.
53.根据“The WWF is … environmental organization.”可知，空处表泛指，且environmental是以元音音素开头的，所以填an；根据“Now many animals become endangered … people kill them and destroy their homes.”可知，空格后“人们杀死它们，摧毁它们的家园”是解释前半句“许多动物濒临灭绝”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，故填an；because。
54.根据“CCTF is short for the China Children and Teenagers’ Fund.” “UNICEF is the ‘United Nations Children’s Fund’.” “The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) was set up in 1961.”可知，CCTF，UNICEF，WWF都是基金会的简称，故填CCTF；UNICEF；WWF(任意两个)。
04
考点提炼
PART FOUR
阅读还原
考向一、阅读还原
还原句子型阅读是中考题型中比较新的题型，一般有200-250个单词左右，常见题型为5选5（广州，湖北荆州等）、6选5（深圳，成都等），7选5（山东，江苏等）。这题型实际上需要学生拓宽自己思维的深度和广度，不再只是简单地从句子层面出发理解和把 控词汇含义和语法结构，从而逐步理解篇章意思，而是从更高层次的篇章层面上，立足整体，体会句子或语段前后的衔接和连贯性，进而把握篇章大意和作者写作思路及其意图。它要求考生不但要有扎实的语言功底，而且还要有较强的逻辑思维能力，要求考生能够“既见树木又见森林”，极大的增加了考生的难度。
解题技巧
在做阅读还原题的过程中，要关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系（主要有并列、转折、因果关系等）及在英语阅读中常见的单词复现、代词指代，关注特殊句式。如排比句等。
在做阅读还原题时，首先要看标题读选项，预测文章大意并找出选项与文章对应的关键词；然后要读文章、找逻辑，抓过渡句和主题句。注意解题时先把握容易找出的逻辑关系，再解决有困难的题；最后，在完成所有选项后，要回读文章，核查逻辑关系。
1．通读全文，了解文章大意。
2．通读答案，找出和文章相对应的关键词。
3．根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中。
4．将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
解题方法
（一）问题设在段中
1. 盯紧横线的前后词语
根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。
2．抓住过渡词，看住上下句
看与前文是否是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中 所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立，对比关系。
看与前文是否是并列或排比关系，在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节。 因此，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其 他线索。
（二）问题设在段首
1. 通常是段落的主题句
认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
2．与后文是并列、转折或因果关系等
着重阅读后文第一二句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句
与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
3．段落间的过渡句
这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机衔接，并结合下一 段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
（三）问题设在段尾
1．空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
2．通常是结论、概括性语句
注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词：Therefore, as a result, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word, all in all, in conclusion等词语。选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
3．所选答案是引出下一段的内容的句子
如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一 段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
4. 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。
05
题型特训
PART FIVE
（2023·山东济南）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all love spending time by the sea. Some lucky ones might live on the coast and enjoy the benefits (益处) all around the year. ____1____ Most of us would say we feel healthier by the ocean. In the past, doctors would actually suggest spending time by the sea to their patients. And research has shown that people who live on the coast are more likely to believe their health is good compared to those living in a city. So how do we benefit, exactly
Well, to start with, it’s great for our mental (心理) health. Scientists have discovered that we have something called a blue mind. They have shown that watching, listening to the waves (海浪) or being in the ocean helps our brains slow down. ____2____ This is why people who have trouble sleeping are often told to listen to recordings of the sound of waves hitting the beach to help them relax at bedtime.
____3____ We go out a lot more when we’re on holiday by the sea. We often become more active on holidays and people who live on the coast are usually more active too. ____4____ Walking on sand requires more effort than on the pavement. And the sea air is good for people with breathing problems too. There is less pollution in the air near the ocean and in autumn and winter the air is fresher. This is healthier than the dry air in homes with central heating. It has even been found that the chemicals in sea water may help us have healthy skin.
____5____ We look forward so much to having our next one!
A. Breathing the air in the city makes you more active.
B. Others usually have to wait for the next vacation.
C. Being by the sea is also good for our physical health.
D. Kids especially like to have fun by the sea in summer.
E. Naturally we often feel so great at the end of a seaside holiday.
F. The sound of them can help us relax and feel free from stress.
G. And if you take your walks on the beach, this is a lot better.
【答案】1. B 2. F 3. C 4. G 5. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何从海边受益。
1.根据“Some lucky ones might live on the coast and enjoy the benefits (益处) all around the year.”可知，一些幸运的人可能住在海边，一年四季都能享受到好处。结合选项，此处是some...others...结构，选项B“其他人通常要等到下一个假期。”符合语境，故选B。
2.根据“They have shown that watching, listening to the waves (海浪) or being in the ocean helps our brains slow down.”可知，他们已经证明，观察、倾听海浪或在海洋中可以帮助我们的大脑慢下来。此处提到帮助我们慢下来的大海的声音，选项F“它们的声音可以帮助我们放松，摆脱压力。”符合语境，故选F。
3.根据“We go out a lot more when we’re on holiday by the sea. We often become more active on holidays and people who live on the coast are usually more active too.”可知，当我们在海边度假时，我们外出的次数要多得多。我们经常在假期变得更活跃，住在海边的人通常也更活跃。此处提到在海边对人们的好处，选项C“在海边对我们的身体健康也有好处。”符合语境，故选C。
4.根据“Walking on sand requires more effort than on the pavement.”可知，在沙滩上行走比在人行道上行走更费力气。此处提到在沙滩上行走，选项G“如果你在沙滩上散步，这就好多了。”符合语境，故选G。
5.根据“We look forward so much to having our next one!”可知，我们非常期待我们的下一次，因为度假的经历很棒，所以期待下一次在海边度假。选项E“在海边度假结束时，我们自然会感觉很棒。”符合语境，故选E。
（2023·广州）
阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1-5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years ago, green was simply a color. Now it’s much more! In the 1970s, some people began to worry about what we did to mother Earth. ___1___ It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our homes.
Architects (建筑师) and building engineers are thinking about how to make buildings greener. These days, green architecture is becoming more and more popular. ____2____
We need to be very careful about the materials (材料) we use. It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly. ____3____ Also, for those materials that are not renewable, we need to use them as little as possible. Our mother Earth has offered us many other possibilities, such as wind and solar power.
Planners must think about the needs of those who will spend time in green buildings. In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people. ____4____ Natural lighting is often kinder to the eyes than electric lighting. In fact, many people who live or work in green buildings report feeling happier and healthier.
____5____ For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees. They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on.
Although green buildings are more expensive to build, they are less expensive to run.
A. Or we can reuse some materials.
B. As a result, green thinking was born.
C. To understand it, we have to look at three different areas.
D. For example, natural wind brings people cleaner and fresher air.
E. Architects must consider what the building will do to the environment.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. E
【解析】本文主要介绍绿色建筑。
1.根据“It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our homes.”可知此处介绍了一个想法，大到影响全世界的政府，小到影响我们每个人的家，结合下文可知与绿色相关。故选项B“因此，绿色思维诞生了”符合语境，故选B。
2.根据“We need to be very careful about the materials (材料) we use.”及下文可知此处介绍了绿色建筑需要考虑的事情，如使用的材料等。故选项C“为了理解它，我们不得不看到三个区域”符合语境，故选C。
3.根据“It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly. ”可知此处介绍的是可再生的材料，接下来也应是类似的绿色材料。故选项A“或者我们可以重复使用一些材料”符合语境，故选A。
4.根据“In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people.”可知此处介绍的是绿色能源，故选项D“例如，自然风带给人们更干净和更清新的空气”符合语境，故选D。
5.根据“For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees. They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on.”可知此处介绍的是绿色建筑对环境方面的考虑，故选项E“建筑师必须考虑建筑对环境的影响”符合语境，故选E。
04
考点提炼
PART FOUR
阅读完成表格
考向二、完成表格题
任务型阅读题型大多采用填表形式。该题型往往对答案的字数有所限制，空格里通常要求填入1个最恰当的单词，当然有时也会要求考生填入不超过3个或4个单词，因此，同学们在答题时，不仅要读懂文章，知道在哪里寻找答案，还要注意“言简意赅、切中要害”，用规定的字数答出所需要点，以确保答案在拼写、人称、单复数、时态等方面“无懈可击”。由于此题型要求高、难度大，往往成为中考英语的拉分题。若想在中考中获得理想的成绩，对该题型务必做到读懂文章，掌握主旨，仔细推敲，寻找关键词，学会组织语言写出适当的词汇。
表格挖空处是根据原文中的关键词句来设置的，因而答案往往是与原文中出现的词语或意思相近的词语，通常情况下有四种设题方式：
1. 标题归纳题：一般位于表格的上栏或左栏，考生可根据表格下栏或右栏的内容及文章段落中主题句和文章大意进行分析，加以概括总结。
2. 细节理解题：利用表格中所给的信息定位至原文，仔细辨别，寻找答案。
3. 推理判断题：对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语境和逻辑推理得出答案。
同义转换题：对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语法结构进行词形的转换，
05
题型特训
PART FIVE
（2023·浙江金华）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入与短文内容相符的信息，完成阅读摘记。每空不得超过三个词。
Welcome to Jinhua Science and Technology Museum!
The museum covers 11,000 square meters, with four theme exhibition halls for you to explore. So far, more than 500, 000 people have paid a visit since it was open in 2020. Here follows what you can see and do.
Life and Development
The first floor exhibition hall focuses on Life and Development. Here, you can learn about the origin and development of life, for example, how our brain is developing. You can also enjoy some pictures about the animals that have disappeared.
Exploration and Discovery
If you are interested in physics, the second floor is a good choice. It offers a good chance to do some hands-on activities. Some physics experiments are also allowed, which help you better understand different scientific phenomena(现象).
Design and Intelligence
Robot fans will surely be attracted by different robots on the third floor. Amazingly, the robots can draw, dance and even play the piano for you. Of course, you can also play games with them.
Earth and Universe
The hall on the fourth floor is about Earth and Universe, where you can experience kinds of activities about universe exploration(探索). The records of space exploration will give you a strong feeling of pride.
More fun is waiting for you! We are open from 9:00 am to 4:30 pm, Wednesday to Sunday, closed on Monday and Tuesday (except holidays and festivals). And we stop receiving visitors by 4:00 pm. Welcome to book your free tickets and visit us. For more information, please call us at 0579—82872222.
Jinhua Science and Technology Museum
◆Size:
It covers 1 .
◆History:
It has been open for over two years.
◆Opening time:
It opens for five days a week.
◆Ticket price:
Enter the museum 2 .
◆Telephone:
Call 0579- 82872222 for more information.
【答案】1. 11,000 square meters 2. for free##for nothing
3. play games 4. physics 5. Life
【解析】本文主要介绍了金华科技馆。
1.根据“The museum covers 11,000 square meters, with four theme exhibition halls for you to explore.”可知，博物馆占地11000平方米，故填11,000 square meters。
2.根据“Welcome to book your free tickets and visit us.”可知，门票免费，for free/nothing“免费”符合句意，故填for free/nothing。
3.根据“Of course, you can also play games with them”可知，可以和机器人玩游戏，play games符合句意，故填play games。
4.根据“Some physics experiments are also allowed”可知，可以在这里做物理实验，physics“物理”符合句意，故填physics。
5.根据“Life and Development”可知，此处介绍“生活与发展”的展厅，故填Life。
04
考点提炼
PART FOUR
阅读回答问题
考向三、回答问题
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
解题基本步骤
1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。
2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。
3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。
细节理解题
此类题型一般都可以根据问题中的key words在文章中定位信息，找到答案。但在写答语时需要注意“准、精、变”，即尽量用原文的关键词回答，避开不熟悉的句式、词汇或者词组，提高准确度；不要抄原句，要进行简单扼要地概括精炼；答语的人称和时态要与问题的人称和时态保持一致。
三 概括主旨题
针解答此类试题时，要注意文章或段落的标题、开头与结尾。另外还要注意出现频率较高的词，这可能是主题词，通过分析主题词在本文的意义，结合主题词在文中的相关句子，整合出文章或段落的主题句。注意回答一定要言之有理，高度凝练。
四 开放性设问题
开放性试题，也叫综合语言运用。此类试题具有设问的开放性、思维的多向度和答案的多元化等特点。设问特点是多层次、多角度地设问，学生可以从不同角度来回答。答案是多元的，答案只要符合逻辑，语法正确都可以得分，答案不是唯一的。
针对此类题型，先阅读找要点，组织要点。思考给出自己的观点。（主观+客观）
05
题型特训
PART FIVE
（2023·江苏连云港）
One day, a young boy named Zhang Liang was walking along a bridge. He saw an old man sitting there. One of the old man’s shoes was left under the bridge.
“Go over there and get my shoe, young boy!” the old man ordered. Zhang Liang felt surprised, but he still picked it up for the old man. The old man said, “Five days later, please come to meet me at the bridge early in the morning.”
Five days later, Zhang Liang went there as promised. But the old man came there before him. The old man got angry about his lazy habit.
Zhang Liang was asked to come again. The next day, Zhang Liang arrived earlier than before. But the old man was still before him. The old man became much angrier and asked him to get there again the next morning.
This time, Zhang Liang arrived at the bridge late at night. He spent the whole night there. When the old man came the next early morning, he was happy to find Zhang Liang there earlier than him.
The old man nodded with a smile and gave Zhang Liang a valuable book. Zhang Liang read the book carefully day and night and learned many skills from it. Many years later, he became a wise general (将军) and made great achievements.
66. Where did Zhang Liang get one of the old man’s shoes
______________________________________________________
67. Who came to the bridge first five days later
______________________________________________________
68. Why was the old man angry with Zhang Liang
______________________________________________________
69. What did the old man give Zhang Liang at last
______________________________________________________
70. What can we learn from Zhang Liang
______________________________________________________
【答案】66. Under the bridge.
67. The old man./The old man came first.
68. Because of his lazy habit./His lazy habit./Because Zhang Liang was late./Because Zhang Liang came late./Because Zhang Liang arrived late./Zhang Liang got there late./Zhang Liang came after him./Zhang Liang arrived after him.
69. A valuable book.
70. Never give up./Don’t give up./Be polite to the elderly./Be hard-working./Be patient./Be helpful./Work hard./Study hard.
【解析】本文主要讲述了“张良拾履”的故事，告诉我们耐心和容忍是成功所必备的德行，而一个人的美德就是从细微的小事中体现出来的。
66.“One of the old man’s shoes was left under the bridge.”可知老人的一只鞋被留在桥下了。故填Under the bridge.
67.根据“Five days later, Zhang Liang went there as promised. But the old man came there before him.”可知五天后老人先来到桥上。故填The old man./The old man came first.
68.根据“Five days later, Zhang Liang went there as promised. But the old man came there before him. The old man got angry about his lazy habit.”可知是因为张良懒惰的习惯/来晚了/在老人之后来的。故填Because of his lazy habit./His lazy habit./Because Zhang Liang was late./Because Zhang Liang came late./Because Zhang Liang arrived late./Zhang Liang got there late./Zhang Liang came after him./Zhang Liang arrived after him.
69.根据“The old man nodded with a smile and gave Zhang Liang a valuable book”可知老人给了张良一本珍贵的书。故填A valuable book.
70.开放性作答，结合文章，言之有理即可。参考答案为Never give up./Don’t give up./Be polite to the elderly./Be hard-working./Be patient./Be helpful./Work hard./Study hard.
（2023·湖北黄石）
阅读短文，回答问题。
Humans share the Earth with all kinds of wildlife and have lived in peace with them for thousands of years.
Many of our animal friends may not be around for much longer, however, and many of them are in great danger. According to a study, the populations of animals including mammals (哺乳动物), birds and fish have fallen by an average of 60 percent since 1970. What’s worse, a study in 2014 found that species (物种) are dying out 1,000 times faster than normal.
Sadly, it is because of humans that animals are in this situation now. By increasing human development, we may end up seriously harming the environment on which animals live and depend. Human development has caused pollution in oceans and three quarters of the world’s land to be affected (影响). The balance between animals and their ecosystems has been greatly harmed by humans.
Luckily, many people have realized that our action in fact does harm to animals, risking our own lives as a result, so effective steps have been quickly taken to save both these endangered animals as well as ourselves. The World Wildlife Fund has called on governments and businesses to protect nature. In China, many natural reserves (保护区) have been built up and harmful behavior such as selling rhino horns (犀牛角), tiger bones and ivory has been banned (禁止).
People have been taking steps in the right direction, which is encouraging news. The numbers of many animals have increased. The protection of animals still has a long way to go. In the end, to protect animals is to protect ourselves, and we should spare no effort toward living in harmony (和谐) with nature.
31. What do humans share with wildlife according to the passage
______________________________________________________________________
32. In paragraph 2, how many studies are mentioned about the danger wildlife is in
______________________________________________________________________
33. Who is responsible for the current (目前的) situation
______________________________________________________________________
34. What has China done to save the endangered wildlife
______________________________________________________________________
35. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】31. Sharing the Earth. 32. Two. 33. Humans.
34. In China, many natural reserves have been built up and harmful behavior such as selling rhino horns, tiger bones and ivory has been banned.
35. To tell/call on people to protect animals and live in harmony with nature.
【解析】本文主要介绍了人类的活动造成了野生动物的数量在减少，作者号召人们保护动物，与自然和谐相处。
31.根据“Humans share the Earth with all kinds of wildlife”可知人类与各种野生动物共享地球。故填Sharing the Earth.
32.根据“According to a study...What’s worse, a study in 2014”可知此处提到了两个研究。故填Two.
33.根据“Sadly, it is because of humans that animals are in this situation now”可知正是因为人类，动物现在才处于这种境地。故填Humans.
34.根据“In China, many natural reserves (保护区) have been built up and harmful behavior such as selling rhino horns (犀牛角), tiger bones and ivory has been banned (禁止).”可知在中国，已经建立了许多自然保护区，并禁止出售犀牛角、虎骨和象牙等有害行为。故填In China, many natural reserves have been built up and harmful behavior such as selling rhino horns, tiger bones and ivory has been banned.
35.通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人类的活动造成了野生动物的数量在减少，作者号召人们保护动物，与自然和谐相处。故填To tell/call on people to protect animals and live in harmony with nature.
04
考点提炼
PART FOUR
多元综合阅读
考向四、多元综合
近几年，任务型阅读这一新题型逐步进入中考题。任务型阅读主要考查学生实际运用语言的能力。它要求学生在阅读理解的基础上完成某些任务，考查学生的判断推理能力。
1. 中心归纳题
中心归纳题属于综合概括题，主要位于表格的标题处。这类题要求考生在弄懂全文的内容后，抓住文章的中心，然后对中心进行高度浓缩、概括，从而成为统领全文的标题。由于词数被限制在几个单词以内，因此这类题难度较大。考生必须具备对文章进行综合分析、归纳概括以及准确表达的能力。这类试题在考题中通常只占一题。
2. 段意概括题
段意概括题属于分析表达题，主要位于表格的左边栏。这类题主要考查考生对文章体裁、结构的认识及用语言文字的表达能力。如果文章是说明文，那么它的主题是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、从哪几个方面进行介绍、说明的？作者通过介绍、说明得出了什么样的结论？作者提出了什么样的建议或希望？如果文章是议论文，那么文章的论点是什么？作者用什么方法、从哪些方面进行论证的？最后得出了什么样的结论？对于考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇，如：purpose/aim/goal; topic/theme; suggestion/advice; type/kind; way/means/method; effect/result; cause/reason; feature/characteristic; function/use; comment/assessment等。这类试题在考题中一般占2―3题。
3. 功能理解题
功能理解题属于理解表达题。这类题主要考查考生对句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解。考生不能只停留在对句子字面意思的理解，而应该透过现象抓住句子、信息的本质，即它与前后信息的联系，它们之间究竟是什么样的关系，如因果、条件、让步、比较等。这类试题在考题中通常占2―3题。
4. 信息压缩及改写题
信息压缩及改写题属于活用题。考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但是由于所给的信息往往过长，考生必须对这些信息进行再次加工，将信息压缩、改写成不超过三个单词的短语。如The boy is eight years old这一信息可考虑改写为an eight-year-old boy。这类试题在考题中占2—3题。
5. 信息获取题
信息获取题属于基础题。考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。这类试题在考题中占2―3题。
05
题型特训
PART FIVE
（2023·山东潍坊）
阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。
The Earth’s going on a trip once again! Whether you have watched The Wandering Earth (流浪地球) in 2019 or not, the name must be well-known to you. Since it was China’s first science fiction (科幻) film, the cinemas were soon so crowded when it was on. The Wandering Earth Ⅱ came out on the first day of the Lunar New Year in 2023. It has become the newest hit.
As a prequel (前篇) to The Wandering Earth in 2019, the new movie describes the fact that humans are in danger of dying out for some reasons. To survive, they make different plans. Finally, they decide to build tens of thousands of huge engines on the surface of the Earth. They plan to drive the Earth to the nearest solar system. The movie shows how humans fight against disasters (灾难). In order to save the Earth, a group of young people have to step forward to start a race against time for life and death.
“The creators of The Wandering Earth Ⅱ are very similar to the characters in the movie. Their great courage and creative spirit are the engine to push the ‘planet’ of science fiction into the future,” said Liu Cixin, writer of the story The Wandering Earth and the novel The Three-body Problem. “We all know that China’s science fiction still has a long way to go. Luckily, there are a group of people who are working very hard for it.”
From The Wandering Earth four years ago to this year’s prequel, director Guo Fan always hope people can remember the idea expressed in them. Because of the love for our homeland, we won’t escape from the Earth in a spaceship, but choose to wander with the planet at last.
根据短文内容回答下列问题
39. Why was The Wandering Earth in 2019 so popular
_____________________________________________
40. What does The Wandering Earth Ⅱ show us
_____________________________________________
41. What are the creators and the characters of the movie like in Paragraph 3
_____________________________________________
42. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. (请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语)
_____________________________________________
43. In The Wandering Earth Ⅱ, humans are in danger of dying out for some reasons.
Please imagine and write out two reasons. (请展开想象并写出两条合理的原因)
(1) _____________________________________________
(2) _____________________________________________
【答案】39. Because it was China’s first science fiction film.
40. It shows us how humans fight against disasters.
41. Brave/Courageous and creative.
42. 因为对自己祖国的热爱，我们不会乘坐宇宙飞船逃离地球，而是最终选择与地球一起流浪。
43. ①. It is too hot for plants to grow. ②. Nature resources are almost used up.
【解析】本文介绍了《流浪地球》这部电影，进一步表达对中国科幻电影未来的希望。
39.根据“Since it was China’s first science fiction (科幻) film, the cinemas were soon so crowded when it was on.”可知《流浪地球》是中国第一部科幻电影，所以很流行。故填Because it was China’s first science fiction film.
40.根据“As a prequel (前篇) to The Wandering Earth in 2019, the new movie describes the fact that humans are in danger of dying out for some reasons...The movie shows how humans fight against disasters (灾难).”可知《流浪地球2》展示了人们如何对抗灾难。故填It shows us how humans fight against disasters.
41.根据“The creators of The Wandering Earth II are very similar to the characters in the movie. Their great courage and creative spirit are the engine to push the ‘planet’ of science fiction into the future”可知《流浪地球2》的创作者与电影中的角色非常相似。他们的勇气和创造精神是推动科幻小说“星球”走向未来的引擎。故填Brave/Courageous and creative.
42.because of因为；love爱；homeland家乡；escape逃脱；Earth地球；in the spaceship坐宇宙飞船；choose选择；wander漫步；at last最后。故填：因为对自己祖国的热爱，我们不会乘坐宇宙飞船逃离地球，而是最终选择与地球一起流浪。
43.本文是开放新试题，给出人们要灭绝的原因，参考答案：太热不适合植物生长/自然资源几乎用完了。故填It is too hot for plants to grow.；Nature resources are almost used up.
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