高中英语高考题型天天练（三）（含解析）
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高中英语高考题型天天练（三）
（时间：35分钟）
一.阅读理解
A
Cities are difficult to navigate (导航) at the best of times, but for people with disabilities they can be like courses with hurdles and bring inconvenience to disabled people.
A UK national travel survey found that adults with mobility difficulties took 39% fewer trips than those with no disability in 2017. Yet that could change as devices and cities grow smarter. Assistive tech is playing a big role in the transformation. The global value of the industry is expected to increase from $14 billion in 2015 to $30.8 billion in 2024, according to Zion Market Research.
One of the things that could transform lives is a smart walking stick designed by engineers from Young Guru Academy (YGA) in Turkey. The WeWalk stick has a sensor that detects hurdles above chest level and uses vibrations (振动) to warn the user. It can be paired with a smartphone to help navigation, and is connected with a voice assistant and Google Maps.
Ceylan, who has been blind since birth, says that connecting the stick to the Internet of Things and smart city solutions makes it user-friendly. “As a blind person, when I am at the Metro station I don’t know which is my exit ... I don’t know which bus is approaching ... which stores are around me. That kind of information can be provided with the WeWalk,” he says.
“The smart walking stick is really an exciting initiative that will make a huge difference to some people,” says Anna Lawson, the director of the Center for Disability Studies at Leeds University in the United Kingdom. “But they are very expensive ... they’re not going to be available to the vast majority of disabled people,” she added.
Bryan Matthews, a lecturer at the Institute for Transport Studies at the University of Leeds, shares the concerns about cost. He says there should also be a focus on inclusive design, and anything that helps people navigate their environment is positive.
1. What does “that” in the second paragraph refer to
A. The survey that compared adults’ mobility.
B. The smart industry that is booming.
C. The fact that the disabled traveled less.
D. The role that the assistive tech plays.
2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The working principles of the WeWalk stick.
B. The introduction of the WeWalk stick inventors.
C. The transformation caused by the WeWalk stick.
D The benefits brought about by the WeWalk stick.
3. What’s the purpose of quoting Ceylan
A. To show the value of smart tech.
B To urge more attention to the blind.
C. To increase the potential market share.
D. To encourage tech research and development.
4. What is the disadvantage of the WeWalk stick
A. Confusing instructions. B. Poor navigation.
C. Inclusive designs. D. High prices.
B
There are some 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, each unique, using different sounds, vocabularies and structures. Charles the Great said: “To have a second language is to have a second soul.” This begs the question: Does the language we speak shape who we are As it turns out, yes.
In societies such as the United States or Western Europe, self-expression and language precision are valued. Asian cultures, on the other hand, prefer an indirect form of communication. Words like “perhaps” and “maybe” are used more than “yes” or “no”. Americanism takes an informal approach to communication. Therefore, it’s OK to refer to a stranger or the boss as “you”. However, the Thai language has 12 forms of the same pronoun, choosing one depends on status. In this way, languages are essential in leading any culture, be that our own or otherwise.
People who speak different languages notice different things, depending on the constructs of their mother tongue. Take an accident. In English, it’s OK to say: “She broke the glass.” But in a language like Spanish, you’d probably go with: “The glass broke.” The same incident produces two different responses. English speakers will remember who’s at fault, because their language asks them to, while Spanish speakers are more likely to remember it was an accident. This has real consequences, especially when it comes to crime and punishment.
Professor Jim Cummins has written extensively on mother tongues. For Cummins, the stronger our home language, the easier it is for us to learn others. Of course, research also shows that being bilingual gives people many advantages in life. Linguist Julien Leyre writes that learning another language develops our ability to “understand the mental world of another person, based on the language they use, and how that world is different from our own.”
Our mother tongue is central to how we think, what we know and who we are. Like us, languages are living things that change over time and must be cared for to survive. By doing so, we protect not just the linguistic structures or vocabularies we use, but the culture, knowledge and power behind them.
5. Why does the author mention “Americanism” and “the Thai language” in Paragraph 2
A. To tell the cultural differences between them.
B. To indicate a language is a guide to a culture.
C. To stress American expressions are informal.
D. To reveal a language is associated with status.
6. How will English speakers’ react to an accident
A. They will seek blame. B. They will punish others.
C. They will avoid responsibility. D. They will draw a lesson from it.
7. What does Julien Leyre think about bilinguals
A. They enjoy a more colorful life. B. They can remain mentally healthy.
C. They find it easier to learn a language. D. They can gain insight into others’ minds.
8. Which one can be the best title for the text
A. How do languages differ B. Will your language be extinct
C. Why does our mother tongue matter D. Should we speak a second language
二.七选五
Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake Well, here’s some good news: it’s likely that no one even noticed.
____9____We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well. Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do, we may assume that everyone around us will notice. The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class.____10____In these moments, it feels like everyone is watching.
The spotlight effect exists because we all get used to seeing things through our own eyes. Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance.____11____
The spotlight effect is a very common part of the human experience. However, in some cases, it can lead to extreme social anxiety and nervousness around other people. Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It’s normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people.____12____If someone is so nervous that they can’t make good decisions, then it’s time to take action and improve the situation.
Learning about the spotlight effect is important because it can help us reduce our anxiety. Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it’s just your mind playing tricks on you. ____13____If you fill your mind with thoughts of your friends and family, it will help you be less self-conscious.
A. However, this can be a problem when the anxiety is too much to handle.
B. That’s why fewer people notice the embarrassing circumstances they encounter.
C. Another good exercise is to make an effort to notice the people around you, rather than focusing on yourself.
D. The spotlight effect is a trick of the mind that makes us believe that people notice us more often than they really do.
E. What you can do at this moment is to ignore them.
F. We are so busy examining ourselves that we actually observe very little about everyone around us.
G. It can also appear when we score a big goal, ask someone on a date, or do a good deed.
三. 完形填空
Nisha Blackwell was putting herself through nursing school when she was laid off for the third time. To make matters worse, she couldn’t___14___ a gift after being invited to attend the birthday party of a close friend’s daughter just a few days later. “That’s___15___ I looked around and I said, ‘What do I have ’ I had a sewing machine still in a box,” she says.“ And 1 had this bag of clothes.’
Nisha had cloth and a sewing machine, but she didn’t___16___ know how to sew. So she turned to YouTube, and video by video, taught herself, “I was typing into YouTube: How to___17___a sewing machine...“ she remembers. I probably didn’t make the machine work___18___midnight and this was in the hot summer when my house didn’t have air conditioning. I remember just sting there, just sweating to death, but so___19___to make this thing for this party!”
She ___20___ making a box of hair bows(蝴蝶结发饰). She went to the party, restless, ___21___how people would receive the fact that they were handmade.“ It felt like it took forever to get to my gif,“ she says. “ I was so ___22___ because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth that came out, and I felt like I must have done something wrong. But something ___23___happened. My friend ___24___the box out onto the high chair and I remember all of the parents coming up to me saying, so ____25____! ‘Where did you get them How did you do that Can you make me some ’”
Nisha left the party with six customers and started getting ___26___ soon. She began training other women from her___27___to produce the product.
“If you light a lamp for somebody, it will also brighten your path. I make sure that I am looking back and helping, and make sure that I’m not just doing something that is only ___28___me.” Nisha says.
14. A. receive B. wrap C. design D. afford
15. A. how B. when C. why D. what
16. A. actually B. merely C. necessarily D. desperately
17. A. charge B. handle C. tailor D. apply
18. A. since B. by C. until D. after
19. A. confident B. determined C. courageous D. committed
20. A. ended up B. took to C. dug up D. turned to
21. A. deciding B. identifying C. assessing D. wondering
22. A. curious B. sensitive C. nervous D. confused
23. A. unhappy B. unexpected C. unusual D. uncertain
24. A. handed B. laid C. picked . D. emptied
25. A. primitive B. amazing C. complicated D. inspiring
26. A. supplies B. funds C. materials D. orders
27. A. community B. factory C. country D. charity
28. A. convincing B. impressing C. benefiting D. challenging
四. 语法填空
As of June, China had about 285 million Internet users living in rural areas, ____29____ (account) for over 30 percent of the country’s total, according to a recent report on China’s Internet development. The number of rural Internet users in China ____30____ (grow) by over 30 million in the last few months.
The report said the Internet is playing a ____31____ (great) role than ever in the country’s poverty (贫困) reduction efforts, with the public’s participation in and ____32____ (recognize) of relevant campaigns on the rise. It said as of June, online promotions of agricultural products from remote areas had reached more than half of the Chinese Internet users, and ____33____ more than one third of netizens had bought such products via online platforms.
Meanwhile, the report shows that e-commerce livestreaming (直播) grew ____34____ (increasing) active in the first half of the year. As of June, the number of e-commerce livestreaming users in China had hit 309 million, up 16.7 percent from March. China saw over 10 million livestreaming marketing ____35____ (activity) in the first half of this year, attracting over 50 billion views, the report noted.
The report said the Internet can contribute significantly ____36____ China’s anti-poverty goal by providing jobs, social security and medical service information for ___37___ poor and allowing children in poverty-stricken areas _____38_____ (access) better education.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解 A
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述残疾人比正常人旅游次数少这一现象，并指出如果设备和城市变得更加智能，这一现象将改变。并展示了智能手杖这一设备。
1. C 词意猜测题。根据第二段第一句“A UK national travel survey… grow smarter. (英国一项全国旅行调查发现，2017年，行动不便的成年人比没有残疾的成年人旅游次数少了39%。然而，随着设备和城市变得更加智能，这种情况可能会改变。)”可知，划线词为指示代词that，通常指代前文的人或物，可推测在本句子指代前文提到的这一事实：行动不便的成年人更少去旅游这一社会现象。
2. A 主旨大意题。根据第三段二三句“The WeWalk stick … and Google Maps. (WeWalk手杖有一个传感器，可以检测胸部以上的障碍物，并使用振动来警告用户。它可以与智能手机配对以帮助导航，并与语音助手和谷歌地图连接。)”可知，本段主要介绍了这种手杖的工作原理。
3. A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Ceylan, who has been blind … it user-friendly. (Ceylan自出生以来就一直失明，他表示，将手杖连接到物联网和智能城市解决方案，使其易于使用。)”可知，Ceylan认为对他这样盲人而言，这种手杖起到了作用，本段引用他说的话““As a blind person, when … the WeWalk,” he says.(“作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口……我不知道哪辆公共汽车来了。我周围有哪些商店 这类信息可以通过WeWalk提供。”)”也是进一步解释他在段首提出的智能手杖有价值这一观点。
4. D细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句““But they are very expensive ... they’re not going to be available to the vast majority of disabled people,” she added. (她补充道：“但它们非常昂贵…绝大多数残疾人都负担不起。”)”可知，这位专家的话语表明这种手杖的劣势是价格太贵。
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了我们的母语是很重要的原因。
5. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Americanism takes an informal approach to … or otherwise.(美国主义采取非正式的方式进行交流。因此，称呼陌生人或老板为“你”是可以的。然而，泰语有12种形式的同一个代词，要根据地位来选择一个。这样，语言在领导任何文化中都是必不可少的，不管是我们自己的文化还是其他的文化。)”可推知，作者在第二段提到“美国主义”和“泰语”是为了表明语言领导文化。
6. A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In English, it’s OK … an accident. (在英语中，可以说: “她打破了玻璃。”但在西班牙语这样的语言中，你可能会说: “玻璃碎了。”同样的事件会产生两种不同的反应。说英语的人会记住谁错了，因为他们的语言要求他们这样做，而说西班牙语的人更可能记住这是一个意外。)”可知，说英语的人对意外事件会追究责任。
7. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Linguist Julien Leyre writes that … our own.”(语言学家 Julien Leyre 写道，学习另一种语言可以发展我们“理解他人精神世界的能力，这是基于他们使用的语言，以及理解那个语言的世界与我们自己的世界是如何不同。”)”可知，Julien Leyre认为双语者可以理解他人的精神世界，由此可推知，Julien Leyre认为双语者可以洞察别人的思想。
8. C主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“This begs the question: Does the language we speak shape who we are As it turns out, yes.(这就引出了一个问题: 我们所说的语言是否决定了我们是谁？事实证明，是的。)”，第二段中“In this way, languages are essential in leading any culture, be that our own or otherwise.(这样，语言在领导任何文化中都是必不可少的，不管是我们自己的文化还是其他的文化。)”，第三段中“People who speak different languages notice different things, depending on the constructs of their mother tongue.(说不同语言的人会注意到不同的事情，这取决于他们母语的结构。)”，倒数第二段中“ For Cummins, the stronger our home language, the easier it is for us to learn others.(对康明斯来说，我们的母语越强，我们学习其他语言就越容易。)”，以及最后一段中“Our mother tongue is central to how we think, what we know and who we are. (我们的母语是我们如何思考，我们知道什么和我们是谁的中心。)”可知，文章开头提出了我们的母语是重要的，接着对此进行了解释，C项“ 为什么我们的母语很重要？”适合做文章标题。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了聚光灯效应的概念、成因和作用。
9. D 由标题“The Spotlight Effect (聚光灯效应)”，第一段“Have you ever … a mistake Well, here’s … noticed. (当你犯错误时，你有没有觉得整个世界都在注视着你？好吧，这里有一些好消息：很可能没有人注意到)”和下文“We have this …will notice. (我们不仅在犯错时，而且在表现出色时都有这种经历。每次我们做一些与平时稍有不同的事情时，我们都会认为周围的人都会注意到)”可知，上下文讲聚光灯效应出现的场合，当人们出错时，人们总觉得会被周围的许多人注意到，但事实真相是：很可能没有人注意到你的行为，说明聚光灯效应只是一种心理作用，是人们自己认为会被注意到的一种现象，可得出D选项“聚光灯效应是一种大脑欺骗我们的手段，让我们误以为别人注意到我们的次数比实际情况更多。”切题，呼应最后一段“Next time … on you. (下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候，提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)”。
10. G G选项“当我们取得一个大的目标，约某人约会或做一件好事时，它也会出现。”承接上文“The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class. (聚光灯效应可能发生在我们在比赛中犯错、头发糟糕或在课堂上给出糟糕的答案时)”讲聚光灯效应出现场合的具体事例。
11. F 由上文“Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance. (每个人都是他或她的故事中的主角，我们生活中的事件似乎很重要)”可知，人们很关注自己和自己身上发生的事情，该空与上文是因果关系，F选项“我们忙于审视自己，实际上很少观察周围的人。”承接上文讲因为人们更多得关注自己，所以很少注意周围的人。
12. A A选项“然而，当焦虑太多而无法处理时，这可能是一个问题。”与上文“Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It’s normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people. (每个人都有一定程度的社交焦虑。我们都关心别人的想法，我们都想被人喜欢。想知道我们对其他人有什么影响是正常的)”讲“拥有一定程度的社交焦虑是正常现象”形成转折，引出焦虑太多会成问题的事实，衔接下文“If someone is so nervous that they can’t make good decisions, then it’s time to take action and improve the situation. (如果有人过于紧张，无法做出正确的决定，那么是时候采取行动改善这种情况了)”讲针对这种情况要采取措施的内容。
13. C C选项“另一个好的练习是努力去注意你周围的人，而不是专注于你自己。”承接上文“Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it’s just your mind playing tricks on you. (下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候，提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)”讲克服聚光灯效应的具体策略。
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了Nisha Blackwell在失业经济困难的情况下，通过自学视屏，利用家里的一台缝纫机和布料做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰作为朋友孩子的生日礼物。在生日聚会上，礼物受到了在场宾客的认可。她也将这项技能教授给身边的女性，帮人帮己。
14. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，几天后，她受邀参加一位密友女儿的生日派对，却买不起礼物。A. receive收到；B. wrap包裹；C. design设计；D. afford买得起。根据上文“when she was laid off for the third time”可知，妮莎失业了，买不起礼物。
15. B 考查连词词义辨析。句意：那时我环顾四周，我说，“我有什么？”A. how如何；B. when何时；C. why为什么；D. what什么。引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语。
16. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：妮莎有布和缝纫机，但她实际上并不知道怎么缝。A. actually实际上；B. merely仅仅；C. necessarily必要地；D. desperately绝望地。根据后文“know how to sew”可知，妮莎实际上并不知道怎么缝纫。
17. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在YouTube上输入：如何操作缝纫机……A. charge收费；B. handle应对；C. tailor定制；D. apply应用。根据后文“a sewing machine”此处指如何操作缝纫机。
18. C 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我可能直到午夜才让机器工作，这是在炎热的夏天，我的房子没有空调。A. since自从；B. by借助；C. until直到；D. after在……之后。此处为句型not…until…表示“直到……才……”。
19. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得那里很痛，汗流浃背，但我下定决心要为这个聚会做这件东西！A. confident自信的；B. determined坚定的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. committed忠诚的。根据后文“to make this thing for this party!”可知她下定了决心。
20. A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她最后做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰。A. ended up结束；B. took to带走；C. dug up挖掘；D. turned to求助于。根据后文“making a box of hair bows”可知，指她最终做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰。
21. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她焦躁不安地去参加晚会，不知道人们会如何接受手工制作的事实。A. deciding决定；B. identifying识别；C. assessing评估；D. wondering想知道。根据后文“how people would receive the fact that they were handmade”可知，她焦躁不安地去参加晚会，不知道人们会如何接受手工制作的事实。
22. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常紧张，因为我一直在想象这些蝴蝶结发饰就像掉出来的布片，我觉得我一定做错了什么。A. curious好奇的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. nervous紧张的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth that came out(因为我一直在想象这些蝴蝶结发饰就像一块布一样)”可知，妮莎非常紧张。
23. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情发生了。A. unhappy不开心的；B. unexpected意外的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据后文“Where did you get them How did you do that Can you make me some (你从哪儿弄来的？你是怎么做到的？你能给我做一些吗？)”可知，人们的反应很好，这是意想不到的事情。
24. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友把盒子里的东西倒在高脚椅上，我记得所有的家长都走过来对我说，太神奇了！A. handed递给；B. laid放；C. picked捡起；D. emptied清空。根据后文“the box out onto the high chair”指朋友把盒子里的东西倒在高脚椅上。
25. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友把盒子里的东西倒在高脚椅上，我记得所有的家长都走过来对我说，太神奇了！A. primitive原始的；B. amazing惊人的；C. complicated复杂的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“Where did you get them How did you do that Can you make me some (你从哪儿弄来的？你是怎么做到的？你能给我做一些吗？)”可知，人们对此很惊奇。
26. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妮莎带着六个顾客离开了聚会，很快就接到了订单。A. supplies供应；B. funds资金；C. materials材料；D. orders订单。结合上文“Can you make me some ”指妮莎接到了人们的订单。
27. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始培训社区里的其他妇女生产这种产品。A. community社区；B. factory工厂；C. country国家；D. charity慈善。根据上文“She began training other women from her”可知，她开始培训社区里的其他妇女生产这种产品。
28. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要确保我在回顾和帮助别人的时候，我要确保我所做的不是只对自己有好处的事情。A. convincing说服；B. impressing使印象深刻；C. benefiting受益；D. challenging挑战性的。结合上文“I make sure that I am looking back and helping, and make sure that I’m not just doing something that is only”可知，妮莎非常无私，确保所做的不是只对自己有好处的事情。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述了现在中国互联网发展的现状，中国农村互联网用户的数量增加，电子商务直播蓬勃发展，为中国的反贫困目标作出重大贡献。
29. accounting考查现在分词。句意：根据最近一份关于中国互联网发展的报告，截至今年6月，中国约有2.85亿网民生活在农村地区，占全国网民总数的30%以上。本句已有谓语had且无连词，account用作非谓语形式，与逻辑主语about 285 million Internet users living in rural areas是主动关系，account用现在分词形式。
30. has grown考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几个月里，中国农村互联网用户的数量增加了3000多万。结合时间状语in the last few months可知，谓语动词grow用现在完成时，“the number of+名词复数”(……的数量)作主语，谓语单数形式。
31. greater考查形容词比较级。句意：该报告称，随着公众对相关运动的参与度和认可度不断上升，互联网在我国的减贫努力中发挥着前所未有的作用。结合than ever可知，用形容词比较级greater作定语，修饰名词role。
32. recognition考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为名词作with的宾语，表示“认可度”。
33. that考查宾语从句。句意：该机构表示，截至6月份，偏远地区农产品的网上促销活动已覆盖了一半以上的中国网民，超过三分之一的网民通过网络平台购买了这些农产品。分析可知，设空处连接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分也不缺少意义，应用that连接，第二个宾语从句的连接词不可以省略。
34. increasingly考查副词。句意：与此同时，该报告显示，今年上半年，电子商务直播越来越活跃。修饰后文形容词active，应用副词increasingly，作状语。
35. activities考查名词的数。句意：报告指出,今年上半年，中国直播营销活动超过1000万次,吸引了超过500亿次观看。 结合over 10 million可知，用可数名词activity的复数形式。
36. to考查介词。句意：该报告称，互联网可以为中国的反贫困目标做出重大贡献，为贫困人口提供就业、社会保障和医疗服务信息，并让贫困地区的儿童获得更好的教育。固定搭配contribute to，意为“有助于……，促成……”，符合题意。
37. the考查冠词。句意：同上。此处“the+形容词”表示一类人， 此处表示贫困人口为“the poor”。
38. to access考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。结合句意表示“允许某人做某事”可知短语为allow sb. to do sth.。
（时间：35分钟）
一.阅读理解
A
Cities are difficult to navigate (导航) at the best of times, but for people with disabilities they can be like courses with hurdles and bring inconvenience to disabled people.
A UK national travel survey found that adults with mobility difficulties took 39% fewer trips than those with no disability in 2017. Yet that could change as devices and cities grow smarter. Assistive tech is playing a big role in the transformation. The global value of the industry is expected to increase from $14 billion in 2015 to $30.8 billion in 2024, according to Zion Market Research.
One of the things that could transform lives is a smart walking stick designed by engineers from Young Guru Academy (YGA) in Turkey. The WeWalk stick has a sensor that detects hurdles above chest level and uses vibrations (振动) to warn the user. It can be paired with a smartphone to help navigation, and is connected with a voice assistant and Google Maps.
Ceylan, who has been blind since birth, says that connecting the stick to the Internet of Things and smart city solutions makes it user-friendly. “As a blind person, when I am at the Metro station I don’t know which is my exit ... I don’t know which bus is approaching ... which stores are around me. That kind of information can be provided with the WeWalk,” he says.
“The smart walking stick is really an exciting initiative that will make a huge difference to some people,” says Anna Lawson, the director of the Center for Disability Studies at Leeds University in the United Kingdom. “But they are very expensive ... they’re not going to be available to the vast majority of disabled people,” she added.
Bryan Matthews, a lecturer at the Institute for Transport Studies at the University of Leeds, shares the concerns about cost. He says there should also be a focus on inclusive design, and anything that helps people navigate their environment is positive.
1. What does “that” in the second paragraph refer to
A. The survey that compared adults’ mobility.
B. The smart industry that is booming.
C. The fact that the disabled traveled less.
D. The role that the assistive tech plays.
2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. The working principles of the WeWalk stick.
B. The introduction of the WeWalk stick inventors.
C. The transformation caused by the WeWalk stick.
D The benefits brought about by the WeWalk stick.
3. What’s the purpose of quoting Ceylan
A. To show the value of smart tech.
B To urge more attention to the blind.
C. To increase the potential market share.
D. To encourage tech research and development.
4. What is the disadvantage of the WeWalk stick
A. Confusing instructions. B. Poor navigation.
C. Inclusive designs. D. High prices.
B
There are some 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, each unique, using different sounds, vocabularies and structures. Charles the Great said: “To have a second language is to have a second soul.” This begs the question: Does the language we speak shape who we are As it turns out, yes.
In societies such as the United States or Western Europe, self-expression and language precision are valued. Asian cultures, on the other hand, prefer an indirect form of communication. Words like “perhaps” and “maybe” are used more than “yes” or “no”. Americanism takes an informal approach to communication. Therefore, it’s OK to refer to a stranger or the boss as “you”. However, the Thai language has 12 forms of the same pronoun, choosing one depends on status. In this way, languages are essential in leading any culture, be that our own or otherwise.
People who speak different languages notice different things, depending on the constructs of their mother tongue. Take an accident. In English, it’s OK to say: “She broke the glass.” But in a language like Spanish, you’d probably go with: “The glass broke.” The same incident produces two different responses. English speakers will remember who’s at fault, because their language asks them to, while Spanish speakers are more likely to remember it was an accident. This has real consequences, especially when it comes to crime and punishment.
Professor Jim Cummins has written extensively on mother tongues. For Cummins, the stronger our home language, the easier it is for us to learn others. Of course, research also shows that being bilingual gives people many advantages in life. Linguist Julien Leyre writes that learning another language develops our ability to “understand the mental world of another person, based on the language they use, and how that world is different from our own.”
Our mother tongue is central to how we think, what we know and who we are. Like us, languages are living things that change over time and must be cared for to survive. By doing so, we protect not just the linguistic structures or vocabularies we use, but the culture, knowledge and power behind them.
5. Why does the author mention “Americanism” and “the Thai language” in Paragraph 2
A. To tell the cultural differences between them.
B. To indicate a language is a guide to a culture.
C. To stress American expressions are informal.
D. To reveal a language is associated with status.
6. How will English speakers’ react to an accident
A. They will seek blame. B. They will punish others.
C. They will avoid responsibility. D. They will draw a lesson from it.
7. What does Julien Leyre think about bilinguals
A. They enjoy a more colorful life. B. They can remain mentally healthy.
C. They find it easier to learn a language. D. They can gain insight into others’ minds.
8. Which one can be the best title for the text
A. How do languages differ B. Will your language be extinct
C. Why does our mother tongue matter D. Should we speak a second language
二.七选五
Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake Well, here’s some good news: it’s likely that no one even noticed.
____9____We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well. Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do, we may assume that everyone around us will notice. The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class.____10____In these moments, it feels like everyone is watching.
The spotlight effect exists because we all get used to seeing things through our own eyes. Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance.____11____
The spotlight effect is a very common part of the human experience. However, in some cases, it can lead to extreme social anxiety and nervousness around other people. Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It’s normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people.____12____If someone is so nervous that they can’t make good decisions, then it’s time to take action and improve the situation.
Learning about the spotlight effect is important because it can help us reduce our anxiety. Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it’s just your mind playing tricks on you. ____13____If you fill your mind with thoughts of your friends and family, it will help you be less self-conscious.
A. However, this can be a problem when the anxiety is too much to handle.
B. That’s why fewer people notice the embarrassing circumstances they encounter.
C. Another good exercise is to make an effort to notice the people around you, rather than focusing on yourself.
D. The spotlight effect is a trick of the mind that makes us believe that people notice us more often than they really do.
E. What you can do at this moment is to ignore them.
F. We are so busy examining ourselves that we actually observe very little about everyone around us.
G. It can also appear when we score a big goal, ask someone on a date, or do a good deed.
三. 完形填空
Nisha Blackwell was putting herself through nursing school when she was laid off for the third time. To make matters worse, she couldn’t___14___ a gift after being invited to attend the birthday party of a close friend’s daughter just a few days later. “That’s___15___ I looked around and I said, ‘What do I have ’ I had a sewing machine still in a box,” she says.“ And 1 had this bag of clothes.’
Nisha had cloth and a sewing machine, but she didn’t___16___ know how to sew. So she turned to YouTube, and video by video, taught herself, “I was typing into YouTube: How to___17___a sewing machine...“ she remembers. I probably didn’t make the machine work___18___midnight and this was in the hot summer when my house didn’t have air conditioning. I remember just sting there, just sweating to death, but so___19___to make this thing for this party!”
She ___20___ making a box of hair bows(蝴蝶结发饰). She went to the party, restless, ___21___how people would receive the fact that they were handmade.“ It felt like it took forever to get to my gif,“ she says. “ I was so ___22___ because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth that came out, and I felt like I must have done something wrong. But something ___23___happened. My friend ___24___the box out onto the high chair and I remember all of the parents coming up to me saying, so ____25____! ‘Where did you get them How did you do that Can you make me some ’”
Nisha left the party with six customers and started getting ___26___ soon. She began training other women from her___27___to produce the product.
“If you light a lamp for somebody, it will also brighten your path. I make sure that I am looking back and helping, and make sure that I’m not just doing something that is only ___28___me.” Nisha says.
14. A. receive B. wrap C. design D. afford
15. A. how B. when C. why D. what
16. A. actually B. merely C. necessarily D. desperately
17. A. charge B. handle C. tailor D. apply
18. A. since B. by C. until D. after
19. A. confident B. determined C. courageous D. committed
20. A. ended up B. took to C. dug up D. turned to
21. A. deciding B. identifying C. assessing D. wondering
22. A. curious B. sensitive C. nervous D. confused
23. A. unhappy B. unexpected C. unusual D. uncertain
24. A. handed B. laid C. picked . D. emptied
25. A. primitive B. amazing C. complicated D. inspiring
26. A. supplies B. funds C. materials D. orders
27. A. community B. factory C. country D. charity
28. A. convincing B. impressing C. benefiting D. challenging
四. 语法填空
As of June, China had about 285 million Internet users living in rural areas, ____29____ (account) for over 30 percent of the country’s total, according to a recent report on China’s Internet development. The number of rural Internet users in China ____30____ (grow) by over 30 million in the last few months.
The report said the Internet is playing a ____31____ (great) role than ever in the country’s poverty (贫困) reduction efforts, with the public’s participation in and ____32____ (recognize) of relevant campaigns on the rise. It said as of June, online promotions of agricultural products from remote areas had reached more than half of the Chinese Internet users, and ____33____ more than one third of netizens had bought such products via online platforms.
Meanwhile, the report shows that e-commerce livestreaming (直播) grew ____34____ (increasing) active in the first half of the year. As of June, the number of e-commerce livestreaming users in China had hit 309 million, up 16.7 percent from March. China saw over 10 million livestreaming marketing ____35____ (activity) in the first half of this year, attracting over 50 billion views, the report noted.
The report said the Internet can contribute significantly ____36____ China’s anti-poverty goal by providing jobs, social security and medical service information for ___37___ poor and allowing children in poverty-stricken areas _____38_____ (access) better education.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解 A
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述残疾人比正常人旅游次数少这一现象，并指出如果设备和城市变得更加智能，这一现象将改变。并展示了智能手杖这一设备。
1. C 词意猜测题。根据第二段第一句“A UK national travel survey… grow smarter. (英国一项全国旅行调查发现，2017年，行动不便的成年人比没有残疾的成年人旅游次数少了39%。然而，随着设备和城市变得更加智能，这种情况可能会改变。)”可知，划线词为指示代词that，通常指代前文的人或物，可推测在本句子指代前文提到的这一事实：行动不便的成年人更少去旅游这一社会现象。
2. A 主旨大意题。根据第三段二三句“The WeWalk stick … and Google Maps. (WeWalk手杖有一个传感器，可以检测胸部以上的障碍物，并使用振动来警告用户。它可以与智能手机配对以帮助导航，并与语音助手和谷歌地图连接。)”可知，本段主要介绍了这种手杖的工作原理。
3. A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Ceylan, who has been blind … it user-friendly. (Ceylan自出生以来就一直失明，他表示，将手杖连接到物联网和智能城市解决方案，使其易于使用。)”可知，Ceylan认为对他这样盲人而言，这种手杖起到了作用，本段引用他说的话““As a blind person, when … the WeWalk,” he says.(“作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口……我不知道哪辆公共汽车来了。我周围有哪些商店 这类信息可以通过WeWalk提供。”)”也是进一步解释他在段首提出的智能手杖有价值这一观点。
4. D细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句““But they are very expensive ... they’re not going to be available to the vast majority of disabled people,” she added. (她补充道：“但它们非常昂贵…绝大多数残疾人都负担不起。”)”可知，这位专家的话语表明这种手杖的劣势是价格太贵。
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了我们的母语是很重要的原因。
5. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Americanism takes an informal approach to … or otherwise.(美国主义采取非正式的方式进行交流。因此，称呼陌生人或老板为“你”是可以的。然而，泰语有12种形式的同一个代词，要根据地位来选择一个。这样，语言在领导任何文化中都是必不可少的，不管是我们自己的文化还是其他的文化。)”可推知，作者在第二段提到“美国主义”和“泰语”是为了表明语言领导文化。
6. A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In English, it’s OK … an accident. (在英语中，可以说: “她打破了玻璃。”但在西班牙语这样的语言中，你可能会说: “玻璃碎了。”同样的事件会产生两种不同的反应。说英语的人会记住谁错了，因为他们的语言要求他们这样做，而说西班牙语的人更可能记住这是一个意外。)”可知，说英语的人对意外事件会追究责任。
7. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Linguist Julien Leyre writes that … our own.”(语言学家 Julien Leyre 写道，学习另一种语言可以发展我们“理解他人精神世界的能力，这是基于他们使用的语言，以及理解那个语言的世界与我们自己的世界是如何不同。”)”可知，Julien Leyre认为双语者可以理解他人的精神世界，由此可推知，Julien Leyre认为双语者可以洞察别人的思想。
8. C主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“This begs the question: Does the language we speak shape who we are As it turns out, yes.(这就引出了一个问题: 我们所说的语言是否决定了我们是谁？事实证明，是的。)”，第二段中“In this way, languages are essential in leading any culture, be that our own or otherwise.(这样，语言在领导任何文化中都是必不可少的，不管是我们自己的文化还是其他的文化。)”，第三段中“People who speak different languages notice different things, depending on the constructs of their mother tongue.(说不同语言的人会注意到不同的事情，这取决于他们母语的结构。)”，倒数第二段中“ For Cummins, the stronger our home language, the easier it is for us to learn others.(对康明斯来说，我们的母语越强，我们学习其他语言就越容易。)”，以及最后一段中“Our mother tongue is central to how we think, what we know and who we are. (我们的母语是我们如何思考，我们知道什么和我们是谁的中心。)”可知，文章开头提出了我们的母语是重要的，接着对此进行了解释，C项“ 为什么我们的母语很重要？”适合做文章标题。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了聚光灯效应的概念、成因和作用。
9. D 由标题“The Spotlight Effect (聚光灯效应)”，第一段“Have you ever … a mistake Well, here’s … noticed. (当你犯错误时，你有没有觉得整个世界都在注视着你？好吧，这里有一些好消息：很可能没有人注意到)”和下文“We have this …will notice. (我们不仅在犯错时，而且在表现出色时都有这种经历。每次我们做一些与平时稍有不同的事情时，我们都会认为周围的人都会注意到)”可知，上下文讲聚光灯效应出现的场合，当人们出错时，人们总觉得会被周围的许多人注意到，但事实真相是：很可能没有人注意到你的行为，说明聚光灯效应只是一种心理作用，是人们自己认为会被注意到的一种现象，可得出D选项“聚光灯效应是一种大脑欺骗我们的手段，让我们误以为别人注意到我们的次数比实际情况更多。”切题，呼应最后一段“Next time … on you. (下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候，提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)”。
10. G G选项“当我们取得一个大的目标，约某人约会或做一件好事时，它也会出现。”承接上文“The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class. (聚光灯效应可能发生在我们在比赛中犯错、头发糟糕或在课堂上给出糟糕的答案时)”讲聚光灯效应出现场合的具体事例。
11. F 由上文“Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance. (每个人都是他或她的故事中的主角，我们生活中的事件似乎很重要)”可知，人们很关注自己和自己身上发生的事情，该空与上文是因果关系，F选项“我们忙于审视自己，实际上很少观察周围的人。”承接上文讲因为人们更多得关注自己，所以很少注意周围的人。
12. A A选项“然而，当焦虑太多而无法处理时，这可能是一个问题。”与上文“Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It’s normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people. (每个人都有一定程度的社交焦虑。我们都关心别人的想法，我们都想被人喜欢。想知道我们对其他人有什么影响是正常的)”讲“拥有一定程度的社交焦虑是正常现象”形成转折，引出焦虑太多会成问题的事实，衔接下文“If someone is so nervous that they can’t make good decisions, then it’s time to take action and improve the situation. (如果有人过于紧张，无法做出正确的决定，那么是时候采取行动改善这种情况了)”讲针对这种情况要采取措施的内容。
13. C C选项“另一个好的练习是努力去注意你周围的人，而不是专注于你自己。”承接上文“Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it’s just your mind playing tricks on you. (下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候，提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)”讲克服聚光灯效应的具体策略。
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了Nisha Blackwell在失业经济困难的情况下，通过自学视屏，利用家里的一台缝纫机和布料做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰作为朋友孩子的生日礼物。在生日聚会上，礼物受到了在场宾客的认可。她也将这项技能教授给身边的女性，帮人帮己。
14. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，几天后，她受邀参加一位密友女儿的生日派对，却买不起礼物。A. receive收到；B. wrap包裹；C. design设计；D. afford买得起。根据上文“when she was laid off for the third time”可知，妮莎失业了，买不起礼物。
15. B 考查连词词义辨析。句意：那时我环顾四周，我说，“我有什么？”A. how如何；B. when何时；C. why为什么；D. what什么。引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语。
16. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：妮莎有布和缝纫机，但她实际上并不知道怎么缝。A. actually实际上；B. merely仅仅；C. necessarily必要地；D. desperately绝望地。根据后文“know how to sew”可知，妮莎实际上并不知道怎么缝纫。
17. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在YouTube上输入：如何操作缝纫机……A. charge收费；B. handle应对；C. tailor定制；D. apply应用。根据后文“a sewing machine”此处指如何操作缝纫机。
18. C 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我可能直到午夜才让机器工作，这是在炎热的夏天，我的房子没有空调。A. since自从；B. by借助；C. until直到；D. after在……之后。此处为句型not…until…表示“直到……才……”。
19. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得那里很痛，汗流浃背，但我下定决心要为这个聚会做这件东西！A. confident自信的；B. determined坚定的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. committed忠诚的。根据后文“to make this thing for this party!”可知她下定了决心。
20. A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她最后做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰。A. ended up结束；B. took to带走；C. dug up挖掘；D. turned to求助于。根据后文“making a box of hair bows”可知，指她最终做了一盒蝴蝶结发饰。
21. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她焦躁不安地去参加晚会，不知道人们会如何接受手工制作的事实。A. deciding决定；B. identifying识别；C. assessing评估；D. wondering想知道。根据后文“how people would receive the fact that they were handmade”可知，她焦躁不安地去参加晚会，不知道人们会如何接受手工制作的事实。
22. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常紧张，因为我一直在想象这些蝴蝶结发饰就像掉出来的布片，我觉得我一定做错了什么。A. curious好奇的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. nervous紧张的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“because I kept imagining that these hair bows would just be like pieces of cloth that came out(因为我一直在想象这些蝴蝶结发饰就像一块布一样)”可知，妮莎非常紧张。
23. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情发生了。A. unhappy不开心的；B. unexpected意外的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据后文“Where did you get them How did you do that Can you make me some (你从哪儿弄来的？你是怎么做到的？你能给我做一些吗？)”可知，人们的反应很好，这是意想不到的事情。
24. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友把盒子里的东西倒在高脚椅上，我记得所有的家长都走过来对我说，太神奇了！A. handed递给；B. laid放；C. picked捡起；D. emptied清空。根据后文“the box out onto the high chair”指朋友把盒子里的东西倒在高脚椅上。
25. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友把盒子里的东西倒在高脚椅上，我记得所有的家长都走过来对我说，太神奇了！A. primitive原始的；B. amazing惊人的；C. complicated复杂的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“Where did you get them How did you do that Can you make me some (你从哪儿弄来的？你是怎么做到的？你能给我做一些吗？)”可知，人们对此很惊奇。
26. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妮莎带着六个顾客离开了聚会，很快就接到了订单。A. supplies供应；B. funds资金；C. materials材料；D. orders订单。结合上文“Can you make me some ”指妮莎接到了人们的订单。
27. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始培训社区里的其他妇女生产这种产品。A. community社区；B. factory工厂；C. country国家；D. charity慈善。根据上文“She began training other women from her”可知，她开始培训社区里的其他妇女生产这种产品。
28. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要确保我在回顾和帮助别人的时候，我要确保我所做的不是只对自己有好处的事情。A. convincing说服；B. impressing使印象深刻；C. benefiting受益；D. challenging挑战性的。结合上文“I make sure that I am looking back and helping, and make sure that I’m not just doing something that is only”可知，妮莎非常无私，确保所做的不是只对自己有好处的事情。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述了现在中国互联网发展的现状，中国农村互联网用户的数量增加，电子商务直播蓬勃发展，为中国的反贫困目标作出重大贡献。
29. accounting考查现在分词。句意：根据最近一份关于中国互联网发展的报告，截至今年6月，中国约有2.85亿网民生活在农村地区，占全国网民总数的30%以上。本句已有谓语had且无连词，account用作非谓语形式，与逻辑主语about 285 million Internet users living in rural areas是主动关系，account用现在分词形式。
30. has grown考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几个月里，中国农村互联网用户的数量增加了3000多万。结合时间状语in the last few months可知，谓语动词grow用现在完成时，“the number of+名词复数”(……的数量)作主语，谓语单数形式。
31. greater考查形容词比较级。句意：该报告称，随着公众对相关运动的参与度和认可度不断上升，互联网在我国的减贫努力中发挥着前所未有的作用。结合than ever可知，用形容词比较级greater作定语，修饰名词role。
32. recognition考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为名词作with的宾语，表示“认可度”。
33. that考查宾语从句。句意：该机构表示，截至6月份，偏远地区农产品的网上促销活动已覆盖了一半以上的中国网民，超过三分之一的网民通过网络平台购买了这些农产品。分析可知，设空处连接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分也不缺少意义，应用that连接，第二个宾语从句的连接词不可以省略。
34. increasingly考查副词。句意：与此同时，该报告显示，今年上半年，电子商务直播越来越活跃。修饰后文形容词active，应用副词increasingly，作状语。
35. activities考查名词的数。句意：报告指出,今年上半年，中国直播营销活动超过1000万次,吸引了超过500亿次观看。 结合over 10 million可知，用可数名词activity的复数形式。
36. to考查介词。句意：该报告称，互联网可以为中国的反贫困目标做出重大贡献，为贫困人口提供就业、社会保障和医疗服务信息，并让贫困地区的儿童获得更好的教育。固定搭配contribute to，意为“有助于……，促成……”，符合题意。
37. the考查冠词。句意：同上。此处“the+形容词”表示一类人， 此处表示贫困人口为“the poor”。
38. to access考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。结合句意表示“允许某人做某事”可知短语为allow sb. to do sth.。