考题猜想07 阅读理解之说明文
名校期中真题
（22-23高一下·四川成都·期中）Less than two months away from the Spring Festival, sales on travel websites start to hit a seasonal high. As the influence of Chinese New Year expands, international tourism also helps to introduce this indispensable cultural heritage to every corner of the world, which means in 2023, more Chinese people choose to spend their holidays overseas.
Big time for family trips
According to the statistics posted by Ctrip, one of the biggest platforms for travel products, the top 10 most visited countries by Chinese tourists will be Japan, Thailand, Singapore, Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia, the United States, Malaysia, Philippines and Italy.
Over 70 percent of travelers decide to have a family vacation abroad. “The bookings on our website have risen 32 percent compared with the Spring Festival season last year. And the prices are 10 percent higher,” said Zou Qingling, outbound tourism manager of Lvmama. “Some of our packages to Europe or the US have already been fully booked.”
Flexible schedules favored
Though the holiday officially spans Feb. 4 to 10, many choose to leave their office in advance or postpone the return date. In this way, they will manage to avoid the crowds at the airports, and save a considerable sum on hotels and flight tickets.
If you haven’t planned anything yet, here is an important tip — leave before Jan. 31 or after Feb. 6. The most expensive time to travel is between Feb. 2 and 6, with an average of over 10,000 yuan per person.
Different places, same customs
Family trips pay special attention to tradition and customs, especially during the most conventional holiday in Chinese culture. Many people still believe that the Spring Festival is about family and the joy of reunion. To create a homey experience overseas, travel agencies design a variety of events including a New Year’s Eve dinner on the Nile, making dumplings at a Parisian castle, and a Chinese New Year gala at a five-star hotel in Amman. World-famous landmarks also receive a Spring Festival makeover. From Feb. 2 to Feb. 17, Universal Studios Hollywood will dress its cartoon characters in traditional Chinese costumes.
If you are one of those who want to celebrate the Spring Festival at home, enjoy your homecoming. But if you haven’t made up your mind for the moment, it’s never too late to try something new and plan a family trip abroad during the New Year.
1．To save money, your family is most likely to travel abroad between ________.
A．Feb. 1 and 5. B．Feb. 2 and 6. C．Feb. 5 and 10. D．Feb. 7 and 11.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage
A．India has been rated among the top 10 most visited countries by Chinese.
B．It is impossible to reserve any package tour to the US from Lvmama now.
C．One will find the trip fairly cheap as long as avoiding it between Feb 2 and 6.
D．A Chinese family may experience a festival atmosphere abroad during the New Year.
3．What’s the purpose of this text
A．To introduce the growing popularity of international tourism.
B．To give suggestions on appropriate time for traveling abroad.
C．To recommend making overseas tours in the Spring Festival.
D．To promote the role traveling plays in spreading Chinese culture.
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了日渐火热的中国人春节期间出国旅游热潮。
1．细节理解题。根据Flexible schedules favored部分中“If you haven’t planned anything yet, here is an important tip — leave before Jan. 31 or after Feb. 6. The most expensive time to travel is between Feb. 2 and 6(如果你还没有计划任何事情，这里有一个重要提示——在1月31日之前或2月7日之后离开。最昂贵的旅行时间是2月2日至6日)”可知，最昂贵的旅行时间是2月2日至6日，故为了省钱要在1月31日之前或2月7日之后出发，D项“2月7日至11日”符合该时间，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Different places, same customs部分中“To create a homey experience overseas, travel agencies design a variety of events including a New Year’s Eve dinner on the Nile, making dumplings at a Parisian castle, and a Chinese New Year gala at a five-star hotel in Amman. World-famous landmarks also receive a Spring Festival makeover. From Feb. 2 to Feb. 17, Universal Studios Hollywood will dress its cartoon characters in traditional Chinese costumes.(为了在海外创造一种家的体验，旅行社设计了各种各样的活动，包括在尼罗河上的除夕夜晚餐，在巴黎城堡里包饺子，以及在安曼五星级酒店的中国新年晚会。世界著名的标志性建筑也会在春节期间进行改造。从2月2日到2月17日，好莱坞环球影城将为卡通人物穿上中国传统服装)”可知，国外有很多关于中国春节的活动，故一个中国家庭新年期间可能会体验到国外的节日气氛，故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“But if you haven’t made up your mind for the moment, it’s never too late to try something new and plan a family trip abroad during the New Year.(但是，如果你还没有下定决心，尝试新事物，计划新年期间的家庭出国旅行永远不会太晚)”可知，文章主要介绍了日渐火热的中国人春节期间出国旅游热潮，目的是建议在春节期间出国旅行，故选C。
（22-23高一下·甘肃金昌·期中）Artificial intelligence (AI) could help stop one of the biggest dangers to the Great Barrier Reef, amazingly saving huge areas of coral from a harmful starfish. Google has teamed with scientists from the CSIRO to create AI software that could pick out the dangerous starfish, which is one of the natural wonder’s three biggest killers.
The new way, using footage from an underwater camera to recognize starfish outbreaks on the Queensland reef, takes the place of an old method and early results show as well as cutting down man’s work, the new software has the advantage of correctly picking out more of the dangerous life on coral, stopping damaging outbreaks before they occur.
Professor Russ Babcock, an expert with CSIRO, said Google’s AI technology, developed over 18 months, could be trained to find out starfish more easily than the old method developed in the 1970s. “We used to send out divers to count the starfish one by one. Now we just look at the images collected and the program can find 20 at a time,” he said.
Google CEO Sundar Pichai said he was excited about the company’s effort put into the reef project. “We have put a lot of effort into the engineering in Australia and we will continue to do more work around AI there,” he said. “There are other good ideas about the technology and you will see us build on it. Our goal with our AI research teams is to strike partnerships with other groups, like universities and governments, to give its full play.”
Professor Babcock said the AI software, which would be put into use on other reefs worldwide, was not the only solution to the starfish affecting the Great Barrier Reef, but one that could have an wide application.
4．What is the function of Google developing the AI software
A．To pick out a kind of starfish. B．To kill dangerous fishes.
C．To protect the environment. D．To test a new camera.
5．What advantage does the AI technology have over the old method
A．It is less likely to break down. B．It can be started more quickly.
C．It costs less for its development. D．It can do the work more easily.
6．What’s Sundar Pichai’s attitude towards the reef project
A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring.
C．Supportive. D．Disapproving.
7．It can be inferred form the passage that ________
A．The AI software is the best way to stop starfish outbreak.
B．The AI software can be applied widely.
C．The research teams won’t continue to do more work around the engineering in Australia.
D．The old method used to look at the images collected by an underground camera.
【答案】4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了谷歌利用人工智能软件可以快速定位有害的海星，帮助拯救珊瑚礁。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Google has teamed with scientists from the CSIRO to create AI software that could pick out the dangerous starfish, which is one of the natural wonder’s three biggest killers.(谷歌与CSIRO的科学家合作开发了一种人工智能软件，可以识别危险的海星，海星是自然奇观的三大杀手之一)”可知，人工智能软件可以挑选出有危险的海星。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“Professor Russ Babcock, an expert with CSIRO, said Google’s AI technology, developed over 18 months, could be trained to find out starfish more easily than the old method developed in the 1970s.(CSIRO专家拉斯·巴布科克教授表示，谷歌的人工智能技术经过18个月的开发，经过训练，可以比上世纪70年代开发的旧方法更容易找到海星)”可知，比起先前的方法，人工智能软件能容易地找到目标。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Google CEO Sundar Pichai said he was excited about the company’s effort put into the reef project. (谷歌执行总裁Sundar Pichai表示，对于公司把精力放在礁石项目上他感到非常激动)”可知，Sundar Pichai是支持礁石项目的发展的。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Professor Babcock said the AI software, which would be put into use on other reefs worldwide, was not the only solution to the starfish affecting the Great Barrier Reef, but one that could have an wide application.(巴布科克教授表示，该人工智能软件将在全球其他珊瑚礁上投入使用，并不是解决海星影响大堡礁的唯一解决方案，但它可能会有广泛的应用)”可知，人工智能软件具有广泛的应用前景。故选B项。
（22-23高一下·黑龙江·期中）Fastbrick Robotics, a company that specializes in (专攻) robotics, is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage of skilled construction labour with a bricklaying (砌砖) robot. The huge robot Hadrian X can lay a residential (住宅的) house from the ground up on site in a safer, faster and cheaper way.
Hadrian X is not the first large-scale outdoor construction robot. The trouble is that nothing’s happening outdoors. That’s because some weather conditions like wind, rain and temperature variations can make life difficult for robots outdoors. Most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature, which may lead to bricks being laid way out of position and get very dangerous. So now, any robot building has to be indoors in minutely controlled environments.
Hadrian X has overcome this problem using the precision (精确) technology Dynamic Stabilisation Technology (DST). The computer program measures environmental factors at a surprising rate of 2000 times per second, and then accounts for them in real bine that with a 3-D printer style building process based on CAD modelling, and you’ll get a robot that can lay bricks with a margin of error of just 1 millimetre and is much more precise than a human worker.
Hadrian X has got other things going for it than just precise, though. It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it removes the need for humans working at heights and in intensive labour. These aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Mike, CEO of Fastbrick Robotics, calls it a “social housing solution”.
Fastbrick’s technological innovations (创新) may be pioneering. but that doesn’t mean it’ll all be smooth sailing. Bricklaying is an old industry as old as the oldest cities we know of. In terms of technique, there will not be a lot to change. After 5,000 years of doing the same thing, such a big change is sure to meet with some resistance and challenges. “All the concerns can be removed by the potential rewards because everybody wants this to work... It’s an amazing thing to work in an organization where you have global support to be successful,” Mike said.
8．What was the disadvantage of previous outdoor construction robots
A．They failed to work well due to environmental factors.
B．They were restricted to building small structures.
C．They were unable to avoid the dangers of construction.
D．They would break down easily in rainy weather.
9．How can DST ensure Hadrian X’s working accurately
A．By connecting it with a 3-D printer.
B．By creating CAD models with human workers.
C．By operating it with a responsible and experienced worker.
D．By reminding it to adjust the bricks’ positions in time.
10．What do Mike’s words in the last paragraph imply
A．He is going to improve old bricklaying skills.
B．The new technology challenges traditional beliefs.
C．He is positive about Fastbrick Robotics’ future.
D．Fastbrick Robotics has removed the doubts of others.
11．What’s probably the best title for the text
A．New robotics technology will change the construction industry.
B．A major breakthrough in handling natural disasters.
C．Approaches to guaranteeing construction workers’ safety.
D．Hadrian X is threatening human workers.
【答案】8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款新的砌砖机器人，机器人Hadrian X可以以一种更安全、更快速、更便宜的方式建造住宅。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“That’s because some weather conditions like wind, rain and temperature variations can make life difficult for robots outdoors. Most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature, which may lead to bricks being laid way out of position and get very dangerous.(这是因为一些天气条件，如风、雨和温度变化，会使机器人在户外的生活变得困难。大多数机器人不能适应风或温度的微小而快速的变化，这可能会导致砖块被放置在不合适的位置，变得非常危险。)”可知，由于环境因素，以前的机器人不能在户外工作。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hadrian X has overcome this problem using the precision (精确) technology Dynamic Stabilisation Technology (DST). The computer program measures environmental factors at a surprising rate of 2000 times per second, and then accounts for them in real bine that with a 3-D printer style building process based on CAD modelling, and you’ll get a robot that can lay bricks with a margin of error of just 1 millimetre and is much more precise than a human worker.( Hadrian X利用精密技术——动态稳定技术——克服了这个问题。计算机程序以每秒2000次的惊人速度测量环境因素，然后实时计算这些因素。将其与基于CAD建模的3D打印机风格的建筑过程结合起来，你将得到一个机器人，它可以在只有1毫米的误差范围内砌砖，比人类工人精确得多。)”可知，该技术使用计算机程序以每秒2000次的惊人速度测量环境因素，然后实时计算这些因素，将其与基于CAD建模的3D打印机风格的建筑过程结合起来，及时提醒机器人在只有1毫米的误差范围内砌砖。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““All the concerns can be removed by the potential rewards because everybody wants this to work... It’s an amazing thing to work in an organization where you have global support to be successful,” Mike said(“所有的担忧都可以通过潜在的回报来消除，因为每个人都希望这样做……在一个拥有全球支持的组织工作是一件令人惊奇的事情，” Mike说。)”可知，Mike对该公司的前景抱有积极乐观的态度。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Fastbrick Robotics, a company that specializes in (专攻) robotics, is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage of skilled construction labour with a bricklaying (砌砖) robot. The huge robot Hadrian X can lay a residential (住宅的) house from the ground up on site in a safer, faster and cheaper way.( Fastbrick Robotics是一家专门从事机器人技术的公司，为了应对日益增长的住房需求和熟练建筑工人的短缺，他们推出了一款砌砖机器人。巨大的机器人Hadrian X可以以一种更安全、更快速、更便宜的方式在现场从头开始建造住宅。)”以及文章倒数第二段“Hadrian X has got other things going for it than just precise, though. It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it removes the need for humans working at heights and in intensive labour. These aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Mike, CEO of Fastbrick Robotics, calls it a “social housing solution”.( Hadrian X除了精确，还做了其他事情。它也比人类建筑商快15到20倍，并且使用CAD建模减少了浪费，因为每块砖都是经过计划和计算的。此外，它还消除了人类在高空和密集劳动中工作的需要。这些方面将大大降低住房成本。Fastbrick Robotics的首席执行官迈克称其为“社会住房解决方案”。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一款新的砌砖机器人，该机器人技术将改变建筑行业。所以“New robotics technology will change the construction industry.(新的机器人技术将改变建筑行业。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·期中）A satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.
The firm’s End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smaller “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser to dock with it.
The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.
Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.
“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space — they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at Astroscale UK. “This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth’s atmosphere.
If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that could drag three or four out of orbit at once.
12．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “dock with” in Paragraph 2
A．Join together. B．Keep up with.
C．Deal with. D．Crash.
13．Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites
A．Because they can earn large profits from it.
B．Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.
C．Because of the growing space waste problem.
D．Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.
14．What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem
A．An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.
B．Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.
C．Tumbling to match the motion of “client” satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.
D．Finding the “client” satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.
15．What can we infer from the passage
A．people will burn the space junk up in Earth’s atmosphere in the future.
B．the demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.
C．These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.
D．Japan and Russia will conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着近年来空间发射频率的急剧增加，地球上空发生灾难性碰撞的可能性不断增大。现在，日本轨道清理公司Astroscale正在测试一种解决方案，以期应对日益严重的太空垃圾问题。
12．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It consists of two spacecraft: a smaller “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate(它由两个航天器组成：一个较小的“客户”卫星和一个较大的“服务”卫星，或称“追逐者”卫星。较小的卫星装有磁板)”可知，这颗较小的卫星装有一块磁板，可以让“追逐者”与它对接由。由此可知，划线部分dock with与join together的意思相近，表示“连接在一起”的意思。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. (Forshaw说，由于日益严重的太空垃圾问题，许多国家现在要求公司在卫星燃料耗尽或出现故障时有办法将其带回，因此这可能是一个相当简单的可行计划)”可知，因为日益严重的太空垃圾问题，许多国家现在要求公司带回他们的卫星。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It consists of two spacecraft: a smaller “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser to dock with it. (它由两个航天器组成：一个小型的“客户”卫星和一个较大的“服务”卫星，或称“追逐者”。较小的卫星配备了使追踪器与之对接的板磁力板)”，第三段第一句“The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. (两个堆叠的航天器将在轨道上进行三次试验，每一次试验都将涉及释放服务卫星，然后重新捕获客户卫星)”以及第四段最后一句“All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion. (所有这些测试都将自动执行，一旦启动，几乎不需要人工输入)”可知，Astroscale公司会通过服务卫星找到客户卫星，服务卫星通过客户卫星上的磁力板连接上客户卫星，进而捕获客户卫星，整个过程都是自动执行的。通过这样的过程，就可以捕获太空中的垃圾。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. (两个堆叠的航天器将在轨道上进行三次试验，每一次试验都将涉及服务卫星释放，然后重新捕获客户卫星 )”可知，这个示范任务将会进行三个不同的测试。由此推知，演示任务会被分成三个不同阶段。故选B。
（22-23高一下·陕西渭南·期中）Whether it’s a tricky maths problem or an unexpected bill, life is full of stressful experiences. Now researchers have found that humans produce a different odour (气味) when under pressure and dogs can sniff it out.
While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up on human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they could detect (察觉) stress and if this could be done through scent.
Writing in the journal Plos One, Clara Wilson, a PhD student at Queens University Belfast and the first author of the research, and her colleagues report how they first constructed a stand bearing three containers, each topped by a lid with holes. The researchers were able to train four dogs to point out the container that was holding a particular breath and sweat sample taken at a different time of day, even when the lineup included unused gauze (纱布).
With the team confident that the dogs understood the approach, they turned to breath and sweat samples from 36 people who had been asked: to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17. The participants reported feeling stressed by the task and for the 27 who carried it out in the lab, their blood pressure and heart rate rose.
The dogs were taught to pick out samples taken just after the task from a lineup that included two containers holding unused gauze. The researchers then tested whether the dogs could do the same when the lineup included not only unused gauze but samples taken from the same participant just before the task, when they were more relaxed. Each set of samples was shown to a single dog in 20 trials. The results show that the dogs chose the “stressed” sample in 675 out of the 720 trials.
“It was pretty amazing to see them be so confident in telling me ‘nope, these two things definitely smell different’,” said Wilson. While it was unclear what chemicals the dogs were picking up on, the study shows humans produce a different odour when stressed. Wilson said it was possible that even untrained pet dogs might detect changes in odour when a human became stressed.
16．What did dogs detect human emotions by according to previous studies
A．Smell. B．Taste. C．Expression. D．Hearing.
17．Why did the researchers use three containers at first
A．To have the dogs more confused. B．To hold the breath more stably.
C．To let the dogs know the approach. D．To increase the reliability of containers.
18．What’s the attitude of Clara Wilson towards the result of the test
A．Doubtful. B．Convinced. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
19．Which may be the best title for the text
A．Your Smell Will Change When You Feel Nervous B．Dogs Know Why You Are Relaxed
C．Your Emotional State Can Be Detected by Odour D．Dogs Can Sniff out. When You Are Stressed
【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍实验证明狗狗可以嗅出人类的压力。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段的“While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up on human emotions,(虽然之前的研究表明，狗狗可能会通过嗅觉感知人类的情绪)”可知，之前的研究表明狗可以通过嗅觉感知人类的情绪。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据第三段的“and her colleagues report how they first constructed a stand bearing three containers, each topped by a lid with holes. The researchers were able to train four dogs to point out the container that was holding a particular breath and sweat sample taken at a different time of day, even when the lineup included unused gauze(纱布).(她的同事们报告了他们是如何首先建造一个支架的，支架上有三个容器，每个容器的顶部都有一个带孔的盖子。研究人员能够训练四只狗指出在一天中不同时间采集的特定呼吸和汗液样本所在的容器，即使队列中包括未使用的纱布)”和第四段的“With the team confident that the dogs understood the approach(研究小组确信狗狗们理解了这种方法)”推知，研究人员一开始用三个容器是为了确保狗狗理解识别气味的方法。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It was pretty amazing to see them be so confident in telling me ‘nope, these two things definitely smell different’,” said Wilson. While it was unclear what chemicals the dogs were picking up on, the study shows humans produce a different odour when stressed. Wilson said it was possible that even untrained pet dogs might detect changes in odour when a human became stressed.(威尔逊说:“看到他们如此自信地告诉我‘不，这两种东西闻起来肯定不一样’，真是太神奇了。”虽然尚不清楚狗狗闻到了什么化学物质，但研究表明，人类在压力下会产生不同的气味。威尔逊说，即使是未经训练的宠物狗，也有可能在人感到压力时察觉到气味的变化)”推知， Clara Wilson对研究结果是深信不疑的。故选B。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段的“Now researchers have found that humans produce a different odour(气味)when under pressure and dogs can sniff it out.(现在，研究人员发现，人类在压力下会发出一种不同的气味，而狗可以嗅出来)”可知，文章主要介绍实验证明狗狗可以嗅出人类的压力。D项“Dogs Can Sniff out When You Are Stressed(当你有压力的时候，狗会嗅出来)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
（22-23高一下·四川达州·期中）Look around you — how many plastic things can you find in your house Most homes today are almost full of plastic, from water bottles to clothes, chairs, and even computers. Regretfully, so are our rivers and oceans.
According to research, about 583 billion plastic bottles were produced in 2021. That is 100 billion more than just five years ago. In 2022, five trillion (万亿) plastic bags were used. That was 160,000 every second. Americans alone used half a million drinking straws (吸管) every day.
However, very little of the plastic that goes into recycling (回收利用) bins can make it through the recycling process. Experts think that only around 9 percent of plastic is recycled. About 16 percent is burned for electricity or heat. The rest ends up in landfills (废物填埋地) or bodies of water.
So how do you make sure plastic things you use are recycled Begin by making sure the things you put in your recycling bin can be recycled. And in most cases, plastic things can’t be used again if they have more than one kind of plastic in them. That’s because some plastics can’t be mixed together.
How about those plastic things that are able to be recycled at a recycling center First, workers make sure that each plastic is clean. After that, the plastic things are made into small pieces. At last, they are melted (熔化) and used to create new things. One of the commonly seen products is new plastic bottles. Recycled plastic can also be used to make clothes, pens, pencils, and building materials!
20．What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1
A．We can’t live without plastic. B．We shouldn’t make plastic things.
C．We should worry about plastic. D．We are making more and more plastic things.
21．How does the author show plastic is a problem in paragraph 2
A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking questions. D．By describing a scene.
22．According to paragraph 3, how much plastic can be reused
A．About 9%. B．About 16%.
C．About 25%. D．About 75%.
23．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．How people create plastic things.
B．What happens to recycled plastic things.
C．Why plastic things have to be recycled.
D．Where plastic things go after they are thrown away.
【答案】20．C 21．B 22．C 23．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了塑料垃圾如何被回收利用。
20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Look around you — how many plastic things can you find in your house Most homes today are almost full of plastic, from water bottles to clothes, chairs, and even computers. Regretfully, so are our rivers and oceans.”（看看你的周围，你在家里能找到多少塑料制品？现在大多数家庭几乎都是塑料，从水瓶到衣服，椅子，甚至电脑。遗憾的是，我们的河流和海洋也是如此。）可推知，作者在第一段想告诉我们应该担心塑料问题。故选C项。
21．推理判断题。根据第二段“According to research, about 583 billion plastic bottles were produced in 2021. That is 100 billion more than just five years ago. In 2022, five trillion (万亿) plastic bags were used. That was 160,000 every second. Americans alone used half a million drinking straws (吸管) every day.”（根据研究，2021年约生产5830亿个塑料瓶。这比五年前多了1000亿美元。2022年，全球使用了5万亿个塑料袋。也就是每秒16万。仅美国人每天就使用50万根吸管。）可推知，作者在第2段通过列出数字表明塑料是一个问题。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Experts think that only around 9 percent of plastic is recycled. About 16 percent is burned for electricity or heat. The rest ends up in landfills (废物填埋地) or bodies of water.”（专家认为，只有大约9%的塑料被回收利用。约16%的能源用于发电或供热。其余的则被填埋在垃圾填埋场或水体中。）可知，有大约9%+16%=25%的塑料可以重复使用。故选C项。
23．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“How about those plastic things that are able to be recycled at a recycling center First, workers make sure that each plastic is clean. After that, the plastic things are made into small pieces. At last, they are melted (熔化) and used to create new things. One of the commonly seen products is new plastic bottles. Recycled plastic can also be used to make clothes, pens, pencils, and building materials!”（那些可以在回收中心回收的塑料物品呢？首先，工人们要确保每个塑料都是干净的。在那之后，塑料的东西被做成小块。最后，它们被熔化(熔)，用来创造新的东西。最常见的产品之一是新塑料瓶。回收的塑料还可以用来做衣服、钢笔、铅笔和建筑材料！）可知，最后一段主要讲的是回收的塑料物品会发生什么？故选B项。
（22-23高一下·河北石家庄·期中）“Clothes Swapping(交换)” has become an increasingly popular activity for women in the United States. The women can give away unwanted clothing at a clothes swap event and get something different in return.
Recently about 300 women went to a clothes swap at a high school in Springfield, Virginia. It was the largest crowd ever for the area’s popular clothing-swapping group.
Daphne Steinberg was having a good day. “For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT, Ann Taylor is a really nice women’s designer and I will totally wear this to work. So I love that, I love that I can equip myself for work, have a good time in doing it, not totally bankrupt myself.”
Sandy Van Dusen likes the idea that clothes are finding new homes instead of being thrown away “Because it helps to keep the Earth green. There’s no point in my opinion in continuing to buy new clothes when we can reuse what’s already here. Give it a new home-let somebody else love what you used to love and no longer love.”
Kim Pratt organized the clothing-swapping event in Springfield. She also organized a money-raising activity for the high school’s debate team. It is one of several ways that her group gives to charitable causes. Another is by donating all of the “un-swapped” clothing to shelters for victims of domestic violence.
“I started doing this four years ago, and we’ve been doing it for four years, getting bigger and bigger each time we have a swap.”
She used the social media website to help publicize the events. The website has helped her group grow from 30 members to 1,300. Mrs. Pratt says most of the members respect the clothing swap rules. But she says competition for desirable fashion can be strong.
“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover (徘徊) over the new people coming in with their clothing. As they put it out, some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free-for-all. We try to avoid that as much as possible.”
24．At a clothes swap what can women do
A．Buy whatever clothing they want.
B．Have a social gathering and make friends.
C．Make money by selling unwanted clothes.
D．Exchange unwanted clothes for something different.
25．What can be learnt from what Daphne Steinberg said
A．She got some nice clothes at the clothes swap.
B．The clothes swap was the largest ever in the area.
C．It was the first time she had been to a clothes swap.
D．She saved much more money than she had expected.
26．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．How Kim Pratt started the clothing-swapping event.
B．What Kim Pratt did with the un-swapped clothes.
C．How Kim Pratt raised money to help charitable causes.
D．What Kim Pratt did to help people in need.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Clothes swaps often go out of control in the end.
B．Clothes-swapping is becoming increasingly popular with women.
C．Improper behavior at clothes swaps needs to be controlled.
D．More clothing swapping events need to be organized.
【答案】24．D 25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“交换衣服”活动变得越来越受欢迎。此外还介绍了该活动带来的好处，以及存在的问题。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The women can give away unwanted clothing at a clothes swap event and get something different in return. (女士们可以在衣服交换活动中把不想要的衣服送出去，并得到一些不同的回报)”可知，女士们可以用自己不需要的东西交换一些不同的东西。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段““For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT, Ann Taylor is a really nice women’s designer and I will totally wear this to work. So I love that, I love that I can equip myself for work, have a good time in doing it, not totally bankrupt myself.”(“对任何了解安·泰勒LOFT的人来说，安·泰勒是一位非常好的女装设计师，我绝对会穿这件去上班。所以我喜欢这样，我喜欢我可以为工作做好准备，享受工作的乐趣，而不是彻底破产。”)”可知，Daphne Steinberg在衣服交换时得到了著名设计师设计的衣服，她非常的高兴，所以从Daphne Steinberg的话中可知，她在衣服交换活动中得到了几件好衣服。故选A项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Kim Pratt organized the clothing-swapping event in Springfield. She also organized a money-raising activity for the high school’s debate team.( 金·普拉特（Kim Pratt）在斯普林菲尔德组织了换衣活动。她还为高中辩论队组织了一次筹款活动)”可知，Kim Pratt组织换衣服活动和给中学辩论队组织筹款活动，以及“Another is by donating all of the “un-swapped” clothing to shelters for victims of domestic violence. (另一种方式是将所有“未换”的衣服捐赠给家庭暴力受害者的庇护所) ”可知，她还组织把未被交换的衣服给避难所受家庭暴力伤害的人。由此可知，本段主要介绍了Kim Pratt为帮助有需要的人所做的事情。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据最尾段中的“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover over the new people coming in with their clothing. As they put it out, some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free-for-all. We try to avoid that as much as possible.(我们有时必须告诉人们不要在带着衣服进来的新人身边徘徊。当他们把它拿出来时，有些人倾向于直接从他们手中抢走这些东西，它变得像一场混战。我们尽量避免这种情况)”可知，本段在提醒人们在交换衣服时要注意的事项，有些不当的行为需要得到控制。故选C项。
（22-23高一下·湖南长沙·期中）As we all know, trees are always stationary: they stay more or less where you plant them, and no one worries about finding a tree wandering around a park or back yard.
However, there is one special exception, some say: the so-called walking palm tree (棕桐树) was found in the rainforests of Central and South America. Many people believe it can really walk around. This is because of its unusual root system: while most trees have one trunk, the palm breaks into many smaller roots a few feet off the ground, giving it the appearance of many little legs.
The amazing walking ability of the palm tree has always been told by rainforest guides to tourists for years, and appears in many sources of documents as an amazing plant adaptation. As journalist Sherry Seethaler writes in her book Curious Folks Ask 2: “Screen writers searching for the perfect B-movie (小成本电影) plant hero could take inspiration from the walking palm. The tree slowly walks from shade to sunlight by growing new roots toward the light.”
A tree that walks in search of the sun is a fascinating, strange story. And it’s not true either; the tree is real enough, but it doesn’t walk. It sits where it began to grow, not moving except under the force of wind or an axe.
Biologist Gerardo Avalos is one of the world’s top experts on the palm tree. His analysis of the plant and its roots shows that the walking tree can’t walk because its roots don’t move. A few roots on one side or another may die off, but the trunk itself remains, well, rooted to the spot.
“My paper proves that the belief of the walking palm is just a myth,” Avalos said. “Thinking that a palm tree could actually track the sunlight changes by moving slowly over the forest floor… is a myth that tourist guides find amusing to tell visitors to the rainforest.”
28．What is the reason for no worries about wandering trees
A．Trees are not always standing. B．Trees are not always moving.
C．Trees are not always growing. D．Trees are not always dying.
29．Why do people think the palm tree can walk around
A．It has no roots underground. B．It appears to have several trunks.
C．It grows a few feet off the ground. D．It appears to have many little legs.
30．What can we learn about the palm tree from the passage
A．It wanders around the rainforest at night.
B．It grows in Central and North America.
C．It is a popular attraction among visitors.
D．It grows well in the shade of the rainforests.
31．What does biologist Gerardo Avalos believe
A．The palm tree cannot actually walk at all.
B．The palm tree can move its roots.
C．The palm tree can track the sunlight.
D．The palm tree cannot keep its trunk growing.
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了许多人都相信中美洲和南美洲的热带雨林中的棕榈树会行走，而相关研究发现这些树实际上并不能行走。
28．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“And it’s not true either; the tree is real enough, but it doesn’t walk. It sits where it began to grow, not moving except under the force of wind or an axe.”（这也不是真的；这棵树是真的，但它不会走路。它待在它开始生长的地方，除非受到风或斧头的作用，否则它不会移动。）可知，不必担心行走的树的原因在于树并不总是在移动。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many people believe it can really walk around. This is because of its unusual root system: while most trees have one trunk, the palm breaks into many smaller roots a few feet off the ground, giving it the appearance of many little legs.”（许多人认为它真的可以到处走。这是因为它不寻常的根系：虽然大多数树木只有一个树干，但棕榈树在离地几英尺的地方分裂出许多小根，使它看起来像许多小腿。）可知，因为棕榈树看起来有很多小腿，所以人们认为棕榈树可以到处走动。故选D项。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The amazing walking ability of the palm tree has always been told by rainforest guides to tourists for years”（多年来，雨林导游总是向游客讲述棕榈树惊人的行走能力）和最后一段中“Thinking that a palm tree could actually track the sunlight changes by moving slowly over the forest floor… is a myth that tourist guides find amusing to tell visitors to the rainforest.”（认为棕榈树实际上可以通过在森林地面上缓慢移动来追踪阳光的变化……这是一个神话，导游们觉得这很有趣，会告诉去雨林的游客。）可知，导游因为觉得棕榈树能行走这件事非常有趣，常常会讲给游客听。由此推知，在导游的讲述和引导下，会行走的棕榈树会非常受游客的欢迎。故选C项。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“His analysis of the plant and its roots shows that the walking tree can’t walk because its roots don’t move. A few roots on one side or another may die off, but the trunk itself remains, well, rooted to the spot.”（他对植物及其根的分析表明，行走的树不能行走是因为它的根不动。一侧或另一侧的一些根可能会死亡，但树干本身仍然扎根在原地。）可知，生物学家Gerardo Avalos认为棕榈树实际上并不能行走。故选A项。
（22-23高一下·湖南邵阳·期中）Coaches have always taken into account the condition of players when scheduling training sessions. Now with the help of artificial intelligence, they can calculate more precisely the probability that individual athletes will get injured during the next match, the next week or the next month.
“We follow a team for an entire season, recording GPS data during training and matches, “Rossi explains. He then uses machine learning to try to detect patterns. “This gives us the probability that a player will get injured in the next days or next weeks. ”
These data reveal an athlete’s workload-how often they train and how intensely. Just enough training can pave the way to medals, out too much puts pressure on the body and can lead to injuries.
Sport is gradually entering a new era, in which artificial intelligence might act as an assistant coach. Algorithms (算法)could enable a teenager to train smarter and avoid a career-ending injury. or help a professional athlete to compete for a few years longer. But the technology’s success depends, in part, on the ability of data scientists to convince coaches to include data in their decision-process.
The teams that McHugh has worked with have seen a reduction in injuries of between 5% and 40%. Yet not every coach is happy to join forces with AI. “Coaches sometimes don’t feel good, because it seems like trying to substitute the human element, ” Rossi says. But in reality, data is only a tool. “The interpretation of the results, the change of the training load, is done by coaches, “ he says.
McHugh agrees that people have to make the final call. “Once the injury probability for an athlete on a given day is output from an injury model. the athlete or coach must then decide whether the predicted risk is acceptable or not, usually depending on the context,” he says. There might be a big game that day, and the player might be especially important to the team. “Even though the predicted injury probability may be as high as 70%, the coach may be willing to take that chance,” he says.
32．What can be learned about GPS data
A．GPS data provide useful information for training athletes.
B．GPS data are collected during the final match.
C．GPS data use machine learning to detect patterns.
D．GPS data decide athletes’ workload.
33．What makes the technology’s success possible according to the text
A．Athletes’ training time.
B．Data accuracy.
C．Scientists’ judgment.
D．Coaches’ acceptance.
34．What does the last paragraph intend to tell us
A．It is up to people to make the final decision.
B．The coach tends to ignore the risk.
C．AI in sports has a bright future.
D．It is always wise to follow the advice of AI.
35．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Replacing coaches with AI
B．Embracing technology readily
C．Training athletes intensely
D．Predicting Injuries with an algorithm
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．A 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用人工智能计算，预测运动员在比赛中的伤病情况。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段中“We follow a team for an entire season, recording GPS data during training and matches (我们跟踪一支球队整个赛季，记录训练和比赛期间的GPS数据。)”和“This gives us the probability that a player will get injured in the next days or next weeks. (这给了我们一个球员在未来几天或几周受伤的概率。)”以及第三段中“These data reveal an athlete’s workload—how often they train and how intensely. (这些数据揭示了运动员的工作负荷——他们训练的频率和强度。)”可知，GPS数据为训练运动员提供有用的信息。故选A项。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“But the technology’s success depends, in part, on the ability of data scientists to convince coaches to include data in their decision process. (但这项技术的成功在一定程度上取决于数据科学家说服教练将数据纳入决策过程的能力。)”可知，是教练的接受度使得这项技术的成功成为可能。故选D项。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“McHugh agrees that people have to make the final call. (McHugh同意：人们必须做最后的决定。)”以及最后一句“‘Even though the predicted injury probability be as high as 70% , the coaches may be willing to take that chance,’ he says. (他说，尽管预测的受伤概率高达70%，但教练们可能愿意冒这个险。)”可推知，尽管人工智能可以提供有用的信息，但最终会不会参考这个数据，关键还得看教练们怎么决定。故选A项。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文。尤其根据第一段中“Now with the help of artificial intelligence, they can calculate more precisely the probability that individual athletes will get injured during the next match, the next week or the next month. (现在，在人工智能的帮助下，他们可以更精确地计算出个别运动员在下一场比赛、下周或下个月受伤的概率。)”可知，本文主要介绍了用人工智能计算，预测运动员在比赛中的伤病情况。D项Predicting Injuries with an algorithm (用算法预测伤病)符合主题。故选D项。
（22-23高一下·湖南·期中）For many of us, there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.
It may seem obvious that reading is good for us. It can be educational, and, as some say, it can “broaden the mind”. A good novel can make us happy or sad, or make us cry as we empathize with characters. The power of books was recognized a few years ago by the British charity Reading Agency, who published a list of books that doctors could offer to patients, dealing with topics from depression to dementia and chronic pain.
Professor Philip Davis studies the effects of literature at Liverpool University and is author of a book called Reading for Life. He studies people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature—written work thought to have artistic value, that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere and it gets excited, it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life.”
Of course, it’s easy in our smartphone generation to throw away a good book and get addicted to our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help boost or maintain our mental health. It’s thought they can help you set targets and find focus. And they may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s perspective.
If you’re not an eager reader it can be hard to know where to begin. If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be hooked! And if you still love your technology, you could always use an e-reader.
36．How can reading an appointed book help someone
A．Improve mental health. B．Increase reading speed.
C．Better studying desire. D．Achieve high grades.
37．Why does the author mention Professor Philip Davis’s interview to the BBC in Paragraph 3
A．To explain the details of research. B．To promote the benefits of relaxing.
C．To show the effects of reading literature. D．To introduce the ways of reading a book.
38．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The advantage of an e-reader. B．The reason for reading a good book.
C．The development of modern technology. D．The way of getting advice on what book to read.
39．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Power of Books B．Never Too Late to Read
C．Reading Makes a Full Man D．A Bridge to a New World
【答案】36．A 37．C 38．D 39．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了书籍的力量，通过阅读一本书来放松自己，来摆脱日常生活中的纷纷扰扰。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.(无论是引人注目的犯罪故事，还是某人精彩人生的传记，读书都是摆脱日常生活干扰、帮助我们放松的好方法。也许这就是为什么一些书实际上被指定为疾病的治疗方法)”可知，阅读指定的书有助于改善心理健康。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere and it gets excited, it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life.”(他告诉BBC，当为了乐趣而阅读时，“……大脑开始从不同的部分，从不同的半球开始工作，它变得兴奋，它变得情绪化——你可以看到大脑变得活跃起来。”)”可推知，提到Professor Philip Davis 采访是为了展示阅读文学作品的效果。故选C。
38．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If you’re not an eager reader it can be hard to know where to begin. If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be hooked! And if you still love your technology, you could always use an e-reader.(如果你不是一个热心的读者，可能很难知道从哪里开始。如果阅读机构的书单没有吸引力，你可以阅读书评，去图书馆或书店，或者问朋友。一旦你找到了合适的文本，你就会被吸引住!如果你仍然喜欢科技产品，你可以使用电子阅读器)”可知，最后一段主要讲了获得建议读什么书的方法。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。根据第一段“For many of us, there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.(对于我们中的许多人来说，没有什么比埋头读一本好书更好的了。无论是引人注目的犯罪故事，还是某人精彩人生的传记，读书都是摆脱日常生活干扰、帮助我们放松的好方法。也许这就是为什么他们中的一些人实际上被指定为疾病的治疗方法)”结合文章主要介绍了书籍的力量，通过阅读一本书来放松自己，来摆脱日常生活中的纷纷扰扰。故A选项“书籍的力量”最符合文章标题。故选A。考题猜想07 阅读理解之说明文
名校期中真题
（22-23高一下·四川成都·期中）Less than two months away from the Spring Festival, sales on travel websites start to hit a seasonal high. As the influence of Chinese New Year expands, international tourism also helps to introduce this indispensable cultural heritage to every corner of the world, which means in 2023, more Chinese people choose to spend their holidays overseas.
Big time for family trips
According to the statistics posted by Ctrip, one of the biggest platforms for travel products, the top 10 most visited countries by Chinese tourists will be Japan, Thailand, Singapore, Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia, the United States, Malaysia, Philippines and Italy.
Over 70 percent of travelers decide to have a family vacation abroad. “The bookings on our website have risen 32 percent compared with the Spring Festival season last year. And the prices are 10 percent higher,” said Zou Qingling, outbound tourism manager of Lvmama. “Some of our packages to Europe or the US have already been fully booked.”
Flexible schedules favored
Though the holiday officially spans Feb. 4 to 10, many choose to leave their office in advance or postpone the return date. In this way, they will manage to avoid the crowds at the airports, and save a considerable sum on hotels and flight tickets.
If you haven’t planned anything yet, here is an important tip — leave before Jan. 31 or after Feb. 6. The most expensive time to travel is between Feb. 2 and 6, with an average of over 10,000 yuan per person.
Different places, same customs
Family trips pay special attention to tradition and customs, especially during the most conventional holiday in Chinese culture. Many people still believe that the Spring Festival is about family and the joy of reunion. To create a homey experience overseas, travel agencies design a variety of events including a New Year’s Eve dinner on the Nile, making dumplings at a Parisian castle, and a Chinese New Year gala at a five-star hotel in Amman. World-famous landmarks also receive a Spring Festival makeover. From Feb. 2 to Feb. 17, Universal Studios Hollywood will dress its cartoon characters in traditional Chinese costumes.
If you are one of those who want to celebrate the Spring Festival at home, enjoy your homecoming. But if you haven’t made up your mind for the moment, it’s never too late to try something new and plan a family trip abroad during the New Year.
1．To save money, your family is most likely to travel abroad between ________.
A．Feb. 1 and 5. B．Feb. 2 and 6. C．Feb. 5 and 10. D．Feb. 7 and 11.
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage
A．India has been rated among the top 10 most visited countries by Chinese.
B．It is impossible to reserve any package tour to the US from Lvmama now.
C．One will find the trip fairly cheap as long as avoiding it between Feb 2 and 6.
D．A Chinese family may experience a festival atmosphere abroad during the New Year.
3．What’s the purpose of this text
A．To introduce the growing popularity of international tourism.
B．To give suggestions on appropriate time for traveling abroad.
C．To recommend making overseas tours in the Spring Festival.
D．To promote the role traveling plays in spreading Chinese culture.
（22-23高一下·甘肃金昌·期中）Artificial intelligence (AI) could help stop one of the biggest dangers to the Great Barrier Reef, amazingly saving huge areas of coral from a harmful starfish. Google has teamed with scientists from the CSIRO to create AI software that could pick out the dangerous starfish, which is one of the natural wonder’s three biggest killers.
The new way, using footage from an underwater camera to recognize starfish outbreaks on the Queensland reef, takes the place of an old method and early results show as well as cutting down man’s work, the new software has the advantage of correctly picking out more of the dangerous life on coral, stopping damaging outbreaks before they occur.
Professor Russ Babcock, an expert with CSIRO, said Google’s AI technology, developed over 18 months, could be trained to find out starfish more easily than the old method developed in the 1970s. “We used to send out divers to count the starfish one by one. Now we just look at the images collected and the program can find 20 at a time,” he said.
Google CEO Sundar Pichai said he was excited about the company’s effort put into the reef project. “We have put a lot of effort into the engineering in Australia and we will continue to do more work around AI there,” he said. “There are other good ideas about the technology and you will see us build on it. Our goal with our AI research teams is to strike partnerships with other groups, like universities and governments, to give its full play.”
Professor Babcock said the AI software, which would be put into use on other reefs worldwide, was not the only solution to the starfish affecting the Great Barrier Reef, but one that could have an wide application.
4．What is the function of Google developing the AI software
A．To pick out a kind of starfish. B．To kill dangerous fishes.
C．To protect the environment. D．To test a new camera.
5．What advantage does the AI technology have over the old method
A．It is less likely to break down. B．It can be started more quickly.
C．It costs less for its development. D．It can do the work more easily.
6．What’s Sundar Pichai’s attitude towards the reef project
A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring.
C．Supportive. D．Disapproving.
7．It can be inferred form the passage that ________
A．The AI software is the best way to stop starfish outbreak.
B．The AI software can be applied widely.
C．The research teams won’t continue to do more work around the engineering in Australia.
D．The old method used to look at the images collected by an underground camera.
（22-23高一下·黑龙江·期中）Fastbrick Robotics, a company that specializes in (专攻) robotics, is responding to the increased demand for housing and a shortage of skilled construction labour with a bricklaying (砌砖) robot. The huge robot Hadrian X can lay a residential (住宅的) house from the ground up on site in a safer, faster and cheaper way.
Hadrian X is not the first large-scale outdoor construction robot. The trouble is that nothing’s happening outdoors. That’s because some weather conditions like wind, rain and temperature variations can make life difficult for robots outdoors. Most robots can’t adjust to small, quick changes in wind or temperature, which may lead to bricks being laid way out of position and get very dangerous. So now, any robot building has to be indoors in minutely controlled environments.
Hadrian X has overcome this problem using the precision (精确) technology Dynamic Stabilisation Technology (DST). The computer program measures environmental factors at a surprising rate of 2000 times per second, and then accounts for them in real bine that with a 3-D printer style building process based on CAD modelling, and you’ll get a robot that can lay bricks with a margin of error of just 1 millimetre and is much more precise than a human worker.
Hadrian X has got other things going for it than just precise, though. It’s also 15 to 20 times faster than human builders, and the use of CAD modelling reduces waste because every brick is planned and calculated. Plus, it removes the need for humans working at heights and in intensive labour. These aspects should lead to vastly reduced housing costs. Mike, CEO of Fastbrick Robotics, calls it a “social housing solution”.
Fastbrick’s technological innovations (创新) may be pioneering. but that doesn’t mean it’ll all be smooth sailing. Bricklaying is an old industry as old as the oldest cities we know of. In terms of technique, there will not be a lot to change. After 5,000 years of doing the same thing, such a big change is sure to meet with some resistance and challenges. “All the concerns can be removed by the potential rewards because everybody wants this to work... It’s an amazing thing to work in an organization where you have global support to be successful,” Mike said.
8．What was the disadvantage of previous outdoor construction robots
A．They failed to work well due to environmental factors.
B．They were restricted to building small structures.
C．They were unable to avoid the dangers of construction.
D．They would break down easily in rainy weather.
9．How can DST ensure Hadrian X’s working accurately
A．By connecting it with a 3-D printer.
B．By creating CAD models with human workers.
C．By operating it with a responsible and experienced worker.
D．By reminding it to adjust the bricks’ positions in time.
10．What do Mike’s words in the last paragraph imply
A．He is going to improve old bricklaying skills.
B．The new technology challenges traditional beliefs.
C．He is positive about Fastbrick Robotics’ future.
D．Fastbrick Robotics has removed the doubts of others.
11．What’s probably the best title for the text
A．New robotics technology will change the construction industry.
B．A major breakthrough in handling natural disasters.
C．Approaches to guaranteeing construction workers’ safety.
D．Hadrian X is threatening human workers.
（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·期中）A satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.
The firm’s End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smaller “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser to dock with it.
The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.
Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.
“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space — they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at Astroscale UK. “This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth’s atmosphere.
If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that could drag three or four out of orbit at once.
12．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “dock with” in Paragraph 2
A．Join together. B．Keep up with.
C．Deal with. D．Crash.
13．Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites
A．Because they can earn large profits from it.
B．Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.
C．Because of the growing space waste problem.
D．Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.
14．What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem
A．An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.
B．Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.
C．Tumbling to match the motion of “client” satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.
D．Finding the “client” satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.
15．What can we infer from the passage
A．people will burn the space junk up in Earth’s atmosphere in the future.
B．the demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.
C．These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.
D．Japan and Russia will conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.
（22-23高一下·陕西渭南·期中）Whether it’s a tricky maths problem or an unexpected bill, life is full of stressful experiences. Now researchers have found that humans produce a different odour (气味) when under pressure and dogs can sniff it out.
While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up on human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they could detect (察觉) stress and if this could be done through scent.
Writing in the journal Plos One, Clara Wilson, a PhD student at Queens University Belfast and the first author of the research, and her colleagues report how they first constructed a stand bearing three containers, each topped by a lid with holes. The researchers were able to train four dogs to point out the container that was holding a particular breath and sweat sample taken at a different time of day, even when the lineup included unused gauze (纱布).
With the team confident that the dogs understood the approach, they turned to breath and sweat samples from 36 people who had been asked: to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17. The participants reported feeling stressed by the task and for the 27 who carried it out in the lab, their blood pressure and heart rate rose.
The dogs were taught to pick out samples taken just after the task from a lineup that included two containers holding unused gauze. The researchers then tested whether the dogs could do the same when the lineup included not only unused gauze but samples taken from the same participant just before the task, when they were more relaxed. Each set of samples was shown to a single dog in 20 trials. The results show that the dogs chose the “stressed” sample in 675 out of the 720 trials.
“It was pretty amazing to see them be so confident in telling me ‘nope, these two things definitely smell different’,” said Wilson. While it was unclear what chemicals the dogs were picking up on, the study shows humans produce a different odour when stressed. Wilson said it was possible that even untrained pet dogs might detect changes in odour when a human became stressed.
16．What did dogs detect human emotions by according to previous studies
A．Smell. B．Taste. C．Expression. D．Hearing.
17．Why did the researchers use three containers at first
A．To have the dogs more confused. B．To hold the breath more stably.
C．To let the dogs know the approach. D．To increase the reliability of containers.
18．What’s the attitude of Clara Wilson towards the result of the test
A．Doubtful. B．Convinced. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
19．Which may be the best title for the text
A．Your Smell Will Change When You Feel Nervous B．Dogs Know Why You Are Relaxed
C．Your Emotional State Can Be Detected by Odour D．Dogs Can Sniff out. When You Are Stressed
（22-23高一下·四川达州·期中）Look around you — how many plastic things can you find in your house Most homes today are almost full of plastic, from water bottles to clothes, chairs, and even computers. Regretfully, so are our rivers and oceans.
According to research, about 583 billion plastic bottles were produced in 2021. That is 100 billion more than just five years ago. In 2022, five trillion (万亿) plastic bags were used. That was 160,000 every second. Americans alone used half a million drinking straws (吸管) every day.
However, very little of the plastic that goes into recycling (回收利用) bins can make it through the recycling process. Experts think that only around 9 percent of plastic is recycled. About 16 percent is burned for electricity or heat. The rest ends up in landfills (废物填埋地) or bodies of water.
So how do you make sure plastic things you use are recycled Begin by making sure the things you put in your recycling bin can be recycled. And in most cases, plastic things can’t be used again if they have more than one kind of plastic in them. That’s because some plastics can’t be mixed together.
How about those plastic things that are able to be recycled at a recycling center First, workers make sure that each plastic is clean. After that, the plastic things are made into small pieces. At last, they are melted (熔化) and used to create new things. One of the commonly seen products is new plastic bottles. Recycled plastic can also be used to make clothes, pens, pencils, and building materials!
20．What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1
A．We can’t live without plastic. B．We shouldn’t make plastic things.
C．We should worry about plastic. D．We are making more and more plastic things.
21．How does the author show plastic is a problem in paragraph 2
A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking questions. D．By describing a scene.
22．According to paragraph 3, how much plastic can be reused
A．About 9%. B．About 16%.
C．About 25%. D．About 75%.
23．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．How people create plastic things.
B．What happens to recycled plastic things.
C．Why plastic things have to be recycled.
D．Where plastic things go after they are thrown away.
（22-23高一下·河北石家庄·期中）“Clothes Swapping(交换)” has become an increasingly popular activity for women in the United States. The women can give away unwanted clothing at a clothes swap event and get something different in return.
Recently about 300 women went to a clothes swap at a high school in Springfield, Virginia. It was the largest crowd ever for the area’s popular clothing-swapping group.
Daphne Steinberg was having a good day. “For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT, Ann Taylor is a really nice women’s designer and I will totally wear this to work. So I love that, I love that I can equip myself for work, have a good time in doing it, not totally bankrupt myself.”
Sandy Van Dusen likes the idea that clothes are finding new homes instead of being thrown away “Because it helps to keep the Earth green. There’s no point in my opinion in continuing to buy new clothes when we can reuse what’s already here. Give it a new home-let somebody else love what you used to love and no longer love.”
Kim Pratt organized the clothing-swapping event in Springfield. She also organized a money-raising activity for the high school’s debate team. It is one of several ways that her group gives to charitable causes. Another is by donating all of the “un-swapped” clothing to shelters for victims of domestic violence.
“I started doing this four years ago, and we’ve been doing it for four years, getting bigger and bigger each time we have a swap.”
She used the social media website to help publicize the events. The website has helped her group grow from 30 members to 1,300. Mrs. Pratt says most of the members respect the clothing swap rules. But she says competition for desirable fashion can be strong.
“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover (徘徊) over the new people coming in with their clothing. As they put it out, some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free-for-all. We try to avoid that as much as possible.”
24．At a clothes swap what can women do
A．Buy whatever clothing they want.
B．Have a social gathering and make friends.
C．Make money by selling unwanted clothes.
D．Exchange unwanted clothes for something different.
25．What can be learnt from what Daphne Steinberg said
A．She got some nice clothes at the clothes swap.
B．The clothes swap was the largest ever in the area.
C．It was the first time she had been to a clothes swap.
D．She saved much more money than she had expected.
26．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．How Kim Pratt started the clothing-swapping event.
B．What Kim Pratt did with the un-swapped clothes.
C．How Kim Pratt raised money to help charitable causes.
D．What Kim Pratt did to help people in need.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Clothes swaps often go out of control in the end.
B．Clothes-swapping is becoming increasingly popular with women.
C．Improper behavior at clothes swaps needs to be controlled.
D．More clothing swapping events need to be organized.
（22-23高一下·湖南长沙·期中）As we all know, trees are always stationary: they stay more or less where you plant them, and no one worries about finding a tree wandering around a park or back yard.
However, there is one special exception, some say: the so-called walking palm tree (棕桐树) was found in the rainforests of Central and South America. Many people believe it can really walk around. This is because of its unusual root system: while most trees have one trunk, the palm breaks into many smaller roots a few feet off the ground, giving it the appearance of many little legs.
The amazing walking ability of the palm tree has always been told by rainforest guides to tourists for years, and appears in many sources of documents as an amazing plant adaptation. As journalist Sherry Seethaler writes in her book Curious Folks Ask 2: “Screen writers searching for the perfect B-movie (小成本电影) plant hero could take inspiration from the walking palm. The tree slowly walks from shade to sunlight by growing new roots toward the light.”
A tree that walks in search of the sun is a fascinating, strange story. And it’s not true either; the tree is real enough, but it doesn’t walk. It sits where it began to grow, not moving except under the force of wind or an axe.
Biologist Gerardo Avalos is one of the world’s top experts on the palm tree. His analysis of the plant and its roots shows that the walking tree can’t walk because its roots don’t move. A few roots on one side or another may die off, but the trunk itself remains, well, rooted to the spot.
“My paper proves that the belief of the walking palm is just a myth,” Avalos said. “Thinking that a palm tree could actually track the sunlight changes by moving slowly over the forest floor… is a myth that tourist guides find amusing to tell visitors to the rainforest.”
28．What is the reason for no worries about wandering trees
A．Trees are not always standing. B．Trees are not always moving.
C．Trees are not always growing. D．Trees are not always dying.
29．Why do people think the palm tree can walk around
A．It has no roots underground. B．It appears to have several trunks.
C．It grows a few feet off the ground. D．It appears to have many little legs.
30．What can we learn about the palm tree from the passage
A．It wanders around the rainforest at night.
B．It grows in Central and North America.
C．It is a popular attraction among visitors.
D．It grows well in the shade of the rainforests.
31．What does biologist Gerardo Avalos believe
A．The palm tree cannot actually walk at all.
B．The palm tree can move its roots.
C．The palm tree can track the sunlight.
D．The palm tree cannot keep its trunk growing.
（22-23高一下·湖南邵阳·期中）Coaches have always taken into account the condition of players when scheduling training sessions. Now with the help of artificial intelligence, they can calculate more precisely the probability that individual athletes will get injured during the next match, the next week or the next month.
“We follow a team for an entire season, recording GPS data during training and matches, “Rossi explains. He then uses machine learning to try to detect patterns. “This gives us the probability that a player will get injured in the next days or next weeks. ”
These data reveal an athlete’s workload-how often they train and how intensely. Just enough training can pave the way to medals, out too much puts pressure on the body and can lead to injuries.
Sport is gradually entering a new era, in which artificial intelligence might act as an assistant coach. Algorithms (算法)could enable a teenager to train smarter and avoid a career-ending injury. or help a professional athlete to compete for a few years longer. But the technology’s success depends, in part, on the ability of data scientists to convince coaches to include data in their decision-process.
The teams that McHugh has worked with have seen a reduction in injuries of between 5% and 40%. Yet not every coach is happy to join forces with AI. “Coaches sometimes don’t feel good, because it seems like trying to substitute the human element, ” Rossi says. But in reality, data is only a tool. “The interpretation of the results, the change of the training load, is done by coaches, “ he says.
McHugh agrees that people have to make the final call. “Once the injury probability for an athlete on a given day is output from an injury model. the athlete or coach must then decide whether the predicted risk is acceptable or not, usually depending on the context,” he says. There might be a big game that day, and the player might be especially important to the team. “Even though the predicted injury probability may be as high as 70%, the coach may be willing to take that chance,” he says.
32．What can be learned about GPS data
A．GPS data provide useful information for training athletes.
B．GPS data are collected during the final match.
C．GPS data use machine learning to detect patterns.
D．GPS data decide athletes’ workload.
33．What makes the technology’s success possible according to the text
A．Athletes’ training time.
B．Data accuracy.
C．Scientists’ judgment.
D．Coaches’ acceptance.
34．What does the last paragraph intend to tell us
A．It is up to people to make the final decision.
B．The coach tends to ignore the risk.
C．AI in sports has a bright future.
D．It is always wise to follow the advice of AI.
35．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Replacing coaches with AI
B．Embracing technology readily
C．Training athletes intensely
D．Predicting Injuries with an algorithm
（22-23高一下·湖南·期中）For many of us, there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a striking crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to break away from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax. Maybe that’s why some of them are actually being appointed as a cure of sickness.
It may seem obvious that reading is good for us. It can be educational, and, as some say, it can “broaden the mind”. A good novel can make us happy or sad, or make us cry as we empathize with characters. The power of books was recognized a few years ago by the British charity Reading Agency, who published a list of books that doctors could offer to patients, dealing with topics from depression to dementia and chronic pain.
Professor Philip Davis studies the effects of literature at Liverpool University and is author of a book called Reading for Life. He studies people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature—written work thought to have artistic value, that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, “…the brain begins to work from different parts, from a different hemisphere and it gets excited, it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life.”
Of course, it’s easy in our smartphone generation to throw away a good book and get addicted to our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help boost or maintain our mental health. It’s thought they can help you set targets and find focus. And they may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s perspective.
If you’re not an eager reader it can be hard to know where to begin. If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be hooked! And if you still love your technology, you could always use an e-reader.
36．How can reading an appointed book help someone
A．Improve mental health. B．Increase reading speed.
C．Better studying desire. D．Achieve high grades.
37．Why does the author mention Professor Philip Davis’s interview to the BBC in Paragraph 3
A．To explain the details of research. B．To promote the benefits of relaxing.
C．To show the effects of reading literature. D．To introduce the ways of reading a book.
38．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．The advantage of an e-reader. B．The reason for reading a good book.
C．The development of modern technology. D．The way of getting advice on what book to read.
39．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Power of Books B．Never Too Late to Read
C．Reading Makes a Full Man D．A Bridge to a New World
