人教版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Grammar省略易错题精练(含解析)

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名称 人教版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Grammar省略易错题精练(含解析)
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Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
重点语法 省略
1.We should be cautious and use good judgement when (make) decisions about cloning.
2.While/When (wander) through the garden, I caught sight of a bee.
3.Learning or working in a new environment, you need to have a good sense of judgment when (join) a discussion or making a decision.
4.We should keep the earth healthy while (use) its supply of natural resources.
5.He rushed out of the room as if (meet) some important person.
6.The research is designed in such a way that once (begin), it cannot be changed.
7.Though (lack) money, her parents managed to send her to college.
8.Most skin cancers are (cure) if (treat) early.
9.As a matter of fact, the sense of smell is used much more frequently than generally (assume).
10.Though (lack) money, his parents still managed to send him to university.
11.He lay still for a long time, as if (injure).
12.Though (stress)and anxious, he never wanted to give up.
13.The rail company makes every effort to ensure the trains run as (schedule).
14.Though (lack) cooking experience, the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.
15.It’s a shame to say it again, but I did tell a lie when (question) last time in my teacher’s office.
16.While (read) a newspaper, I heard the doorbell ring.
17.Only when (combine) with targets can great efforts help people realize their full potential.
18.While (wait) there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
19.Though very (intelligence), she is nevertheless rather modest.
20.Tom was attacked by cramp while (swim) across the river.
21.If (heat), water will boil.
22.If carefully (do), the experiment will be successful.
23.It’s our duty to protect our environment while (push) for economic development.
24.When (face) challenges, he remains brave and calm.
25.When (face) with the difficulties and failures, I must overcome them.
26.Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if not (handle) properly, may lead to spreading diseases.
27.The two boys bent their heads as if (study) something.
28.Li Ming often thinks of his hometown when (see) the picture.
29.Once (show), the TV play will be very popular with young people.
30.I will not go to the party unless (invite).
31.While (wait) for a bus, I came across my former English teacher.
32.I couldn’t find my key to the car when (leave) home.
33.I can’t help but (finish) the book based on a true story.
34.He will come here if (ask).
35.Chinal’s Silk Road Economic Belt, once (accomplish), will boost the economic growth of the countries along the route.
36.He opened his lips as if (say) something.
37.This machine is designed to burn up if (overuse).
38.The air in the factory is seriously polluted. If (breathe) in, it may result in illness or even death.
39.We should work extra hours on the project to complete it as (schedule) or even ahead of schedule.
40.The novels and non-fiction like biographies, autobiographies and comics will be available for purchase when (publish) next month.
41.Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still (respect)the privacy of your neighbour.
42.If (press), he will admit that he knew about the affair.
43.You should be careful while (cross) the road.
44.—Who should be responsible for the accident
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as (tell).
45.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if (carry) out regularly, can improve our health.
46.The problem proves harder than (expect).
47.In a word, when (travel) abroad, we should follow local habits.
48.Some diseases are not at all dangerous if (treat) in time.
49.After (encourage) by what Jane said, Peter walked to the centre of the stage.
50.You’d better keep silent until (speak) to.
51.When (interview), the scientist stared at the ceiling, thinking for a while.
52.Though (inspire) by the encouragement from his teacher, Frank still found it hard to push himself up to the stage to talk about his sufferings of depression.
53.Its walls were fresh as if (paint) yesterday; not a single color changed on the rich pattern of its floors.
54.To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when . (exercise)
55.He raised his fist as if (strike) me.
56.If properly (treat) waste will do no harm to the environment.
57.Although (do) his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.
58.When (consult) others about important decisions, you’d better keep two things in mind.
59.She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while (listen) patiently.
60.While (wait) for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work.
参考答案:
1.making
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意:当作出克隆的决定时我们应该谨慎,并使用良好的判断。此处为时间状语从句的省略,从句主语We和从句谓语动词make是主动关系,正在进行的动作,从句谓语动词make用be doing形式,在状语从句中,如果从句主语和主句主语一致,并且从句谓语中又含有be动词的形式,则从句主语和be动词可以省略,make应用现在分词表示主动。故填making。
2.wandering
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:当我在花园里漫步时,我看见了一只蜜蜂。分析句子可知,此处用了While/When引导时间状语从句,且从句的主语和主句的主语一致,从句中含有be动词,因此省略了主语和be动词,wander和被省略的主语I之间是主动关系,应用wander的现在分词形式wandering。故填wandering。
3.joining
【详解】考查非谓语动词和省略句。句意:在一个新的环境中学习或工作,在参加讨论或做决定时,你需要有良好的判断力。when引导的时间状语从句后面是省略句,省略了主语和be动词,逻辑主语you与join之间表示主动用现在分词,故填joining。
4.using
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:我们应该在利用自然资源的同时保持地球的健康。根据空格前的连词while和所给动词use可知,此处是考查状语从句的省略,while引导的时间状语从句的完整形式是we are using its supply of natural resources,从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中有be动词are,符合状语从句的省略的条件,省略从句的主语和be动词we are。故填using。
5.to meet
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意: 他冲出房间, 好像去见什么重要人物似的。本句为状语从句的省略,还原后为:as if he were to meet。省略了he were。故填to meet。
6.begun
【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意:这项研究是这样设计的,一旦开始,就不能改变。当once 或when, while, if, as if, though/although, as, until, until, whether, unless, since等引导状语从句时,若从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同(或从句中的主语为it),且从句的谓语中有be时,可省略从句中的主语和be,该从句可还原成once it/the research is begun,意为“一旦开始”,begin与逻辑主语the research之间是动宾关系,因此需使用过去分词。故填begun。
7.lacking
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:虽然缺钱,她父母还是设法送她上了大学。在though引导的状语从句中,主语和主句相同,所以可以省略从句的主语和系动词,动词lack意为“缺少”,和主语构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式。故填lacking。
8. curable treated
【详解】考查形容词和省略。句意:如果及早治疗,大多数的皮肤癌是可以治愈的。分析句子可知,第一空在句中为表语,所以此处用形容词curable;第二空所在处为if引导的条件句的省略,其完整形式为:if they are treated early,这里条件句的主语they指代主句主语 skin cancers ,同时从句使用了be动词are,使用中可以省略,故填①curable;②treated。
9.assumed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意为:事实上,嗅觉的使用频率比(人们)一般认为的要高得多。本句为状语从句的省略,原句为 it is assumed。省略了it is。故填assumed。
10.lacking
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:虽然缺钱,他父母还是设法送他上了大学。句子表示“当时他的父母缺钱”,由managed可知,句子描述过去的事情,因此用过去进行时,主语his parents是复数,因此though引导的从句是though they were lacking money,though引导的让步状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因此空格处是lacking。故填lacking。
11.injured
【详解】考查省略句。句意:他一动不动地躺了很久,好像受伤了一样。分析句子成分可知,应为as if引导的方式状语从句,且从句的主语应和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语动词为be动词,照应时态应为was,所以从句省略了he was,故空处应为形容词作表语。故填injured。
12.stressed
【详解】考查省略句和形容词。句意:尽管感到焦虑和不安,他从未想要放弃。分析句子结构可知,though引导的让步状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,结合“wanted”可知,从句省略了he was,此处的形容词作表语and连接设空处与后面的anxious, 设空处应与anxious形式一致,故用形容词stressed, 表示“(人感到)焦虑不安的”。故填stressed。
13.scheduled
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:铁路公司竭尽全力确保列车如期运行。分析句子结构结构,as引导一个方式状语从句,从句中省略了it is。as scheduled意为“按照安排的那样,如期”。故填scheduled。
14.lacking
【详解】考查省略句。句意:虽然这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验,但他们通过上网寻求一些建议来弥补这一不足。此处为状语从句的省略,从句省略和主句一样的主语和be动词,故填lacking。
15.questioned
【详解】考查省略句。句意:我很遗憾要再说一遍,但上次在老师办公室被询问时我确实撒了谎。when引导的时间状语从句和主句的主语一致,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,完整的从句是when I was questioned last time in my teacher’s office.,省略了I was。故填questioned。
16.reading
【详解】考查省略。句意:我正在看报纸时,听到门铃响了。分析句子,句中while doing构成状语从句省略结构,原句为While I was reading。省略了主语和be动词。故填reading。
17.combined
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:只有与目标结合,才能帮助人们发挥他们的全部潜力。在时间、条件和让步状语从句中,如过从句的主语与主句的主语相同,且谓语动词含有be时,可以省略从句的主语和be;本句中when引导的从句的主语是great efforts,与谓语动词combine构成被动关系,故可省略great efforts are,只保留过去分词combined。故填combined。
18.waiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他在那里等的时候,他看到两个漂亮的女孩从大楼里走出来。由连词“While”可知,该句为状语从句的省略句,省略了“he was”,故空处应为非谓语动词形式,作时间状语,与主语“he”之间为主动关系,表示“正在等待”,故应用现在分词形式。故填waiting。
19.intelligent
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:她虽然很聪明,但却相当谦虚。分析句子成分可知,“Though”引导的让步状语从句使用了省略原则,省略了主语和be动词。故填intelligent。
20.swimming
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:汤姆在游过河时抽筋了。分析句子结构,while引导时间状语从句,从句主语应为Tom,从句表示动作正在进行,应用现在进行时be swimming,状语从句中从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词,则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填swimming。
21.heated
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果加热,水会沸腾。根据提示词,heat与主语water之间是动宾关系,这里应是状语从句的省略,完整的句子应该是if it is heated,可以省略it is。故填heated。
22.done
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果做得仔细,实验就会成功。分析句子结构可知,此处使用了状语从句的省略,do与逻辑主语experiment之间为被动关系,要使用过去分词,完整表达应为If it is carefully done, the experiment will be successful.在条件状语从句中,主句主语与从句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,故填done。
23.pushing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:在推动经济发展的同时,保护环境是我们的责任。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词。It’s our duty to protect our environment隐含的主语是we,而while从句的完整句子为while we are pushing for economic development.可以省略从句中的we are,保留现在分词。故填pushing。
24.facing
【详解】考查省略句。句意:面对挑战时,他保持勇敢和冷静。分析可知,时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,完整的从句是when he is facing challenges ,此处省略he和be动词。故填facing。
25.faced
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当面对困难和失败时,我必须克服它们。分析句子可知,此处为when引导时间状语从句的省略,当主从句主语一致时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,该从句动词短语face with和主语I为被动关系,所以为过去分词形式,故可省略此处的主语和be动词,补充完整应为When I am faced with the difficulties and failures。故填faced。
26.handled
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:专家警告说,医院的医疗废物如果处理不当,可能会导致疾病传播。此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略,从句的主语是medical waste,和动词handle之间是被动关系,故此处使用一般现在时的被动语态,完整形式为if it (medical waste) is not handled properly,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,故填handled。
27. studying
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:那两个男孩子低着头,好像要研究什么。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查as if引导的方式状语从句的省略,主从句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词,主语The two boys,和study是主动关系,且此处表示过去某一时间正在做,应用过去进行时,从句谓语应该是were studying,省略从句的主语和be动词。故填studying。
28.seeing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:李明在看到这张照片时,经常会想起他的家乡。分析句子,when引导时间状语从句,从句主语和主语一致,且从句中谓语含be动词,可省略了从句主语和be,see和主语为主动关系,从句表示正在看照片,应用现在进行时,省略主语和be动词,故用动词的现在分词。故填seeing。
29.shown
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一旦播出,这部电视剧就会受到年轻人的欢迎。分析句子结构和意思可知,动词show和句子主语the TV play是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词,表示被动,作状语,此处是状语从句的省略,once引导条件状语从句,与主句主语一致,once shown=once it is shown,省略主语和be动词形式。故填shown。
30.invited
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非被邀请,否则我不会去参加聚会。unless引导省略的让步状语从句,即unless I am invited,其中invite与主语I之间是被动关系,使用过去分词形式invited,省略主语和be动词形式。故填invited。
31.waiting
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:在等公共汽车的时候,我遇到了我以前的英语老师。本句为状语从句的省略,还原为:While I was waiting for a bus,省略了I 和was,故填waiting。
32.leaving
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:我离开家时找不到车钥匙了。分析句子可知,句子为“when”引导的时间状语从句,从句主语与主句主语一致,且谓语中包含“be”,此时可省略从句主语和“be”,省略前为“when I was leaving home”,故空格处应用“leave”的现在分词“leaving”。故填leaving。
33.finish
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我只能根据一个真实的故事来完成这本书。固定结构:can’t help but do sth.“只得做某事”。故填finish。
34.asked
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果请他来,他会来的。if引导的条件状语从句,当从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。if asked =if he is asked。故填asked。
35.accomplished
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:中国的丝绸之路经济带一旦建成,将促进沿线国家的经济发展。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“once (accomplish)”是时间状语从句,原句为“once Chinal’s Silk Road Economic Belt is accomplished”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略Chinal’s Silk Road Economic Belt is后,保留过去分词accomplished。故填accomplished。
36.to say
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他张开嘴唇,好像要说什么。分析句子,as if引导状语从句,此处构成了状语从句的省略结构,say的逻辑主语是he,同时表示将要去做某事。故应该使用to do不定式结构,完整的从句部分为:as if he was to say something。故填to say。
37.overused
【详解】考查省略句。句意:这台机器的设计是如果过度使用就会烧毁。当状语从句的主语和主句相同,且从句谓语含有be时,可以省略状语从句的主语和be。动词overuse意为“过度使用”,和主语构成被动关系,根据“This machine is designed to burn up”可知,完整的从句是“if it is overused”,省略主语和be应为“if overused”。故填overused。
38.breathed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:工厂里的空气污染严重。如果被吸入,它可能会导致疾病甚至死亡。此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略,从句主语是it(指代air),和动词breathe之间是被动关系,故完整形式为If it is breathed in,当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填breathed。
39.scheduled
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:为了按时甚至提前完成任务,我们应该加班加点。as scheduled“按照预定时间”是固定表达,是一个省略了的状语从句,原句为as it is scheduled。故填scheduled。
40.published
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:小说和传记、自传、漫画等非小说类作品将于下个月出版。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意分析子可知,“when    (publish) next month.”是时间状语从句,原句为“when the novels and non-fiction like biographies, autobiographies and comics are published next month.”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略the novels and non-fiction like biographies, autobiographies and comics are后,应保留过去分词invited。故填published。
41.respecting
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:让他们知道你在那里以任何可以接受的方式提供帮助,同时仍然尊重你邻居的隐私。在时间状语从句中主句主语与从句主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词,则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,从句的完整表达为while you are still respecting the privacy of your neighbour省略后为while still respecting the privacy of your neighbour,故填respecting。
42.pressed
【详解】考查省略句。句意:如果被追问,他会承认他知道这件事。if引导的条件状语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系,且省略了主语he和be动词,故填pressed。
43.crossing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:过马路时你应该小心。分析句子可知,设空处是时间状语从句的省略结构,完整从句应是while you are crossing the road,省略了主语和助动词be,动词cross和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系,应填现在分词。故填crossing。
44.told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:——谁应该对这次事故负责?——是老板,不是工人。他们只是执行了被告知的命令。as状语从句中省略了主语they和系动词were,故填told。
45.carried
【详解】考查状语从句的省略句。句意:这个实验表明,如果定期进行适量的锻炼,能够改善我们的健康。根据句意可知,从句的主语proper amounts of exercise与carry out是动宾关系,故用被动语态。当主从句的主语一致的情况,且从句谓语的助动词为be动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,句子if carried out可以还原为:if proper amounts of exercise are carried out。故填carried。
46.expected
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这个问题比预期的更难。分析句子可知,句子为“than”引导的比较状语从句,从句主语和主句主语一致且谓语中含有“be”,故省略了从句的主语和“be”,“expect”意为“预期”,动词词性,“problem”和“expect”为被动关系,故应用“expect”的过去分词“expected”。故填expected。
47.travelling
【详解】考查时间状语从句省略。句意:总之,出国旅游时,我们应该遵循当地的习惯。当when 引导时间状语时,若主从句主语一致且从句谓语动词含be的形式时,可省略从句的主语及be ,完整的从句部分为:when we are travelling abroad,省略we和are。故填travelling。
48.treated
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:有些疾病如果能及时治疗就根本不危险。分析可知,此处为状语从句的省略,当从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语中有be时,可省略从句主语和be。Some diseases和动词treat之间是被动关系,完整的句子为if they are treated in time,省略了they和are。故填treated。
49.encouraged/being encouraged
【详解】考查状语从句的省略或者介词短语做状语。句意:在简所说的鼓励下,彼得走到舞台中央。当时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句主语和be动词,完整句子为After Peter was encouraged by what Jane said,此处省略Peter was,保留过去分词。故填encouraged。或者after作为介词,因为encourage与逻辑主语Peter是被动关系,且因为介词后需要使用doing形式,故填写being encouraged。
50.spoken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:当你要求被说话的时候你不应该保持沉默。此处是until引导的状语从句的省略,spoken to 前省略了you are, spoken与主语you是被动关系,故填spoken。
51.interviewed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:在接受采访时,这位科学家盯着天花板,思考了一会儿。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词,此处完整句子为When the scientist was interviewed,省略the scientist was,保留过去分词。故填interviewed。
52.inspired
【详解】考查省略句。句意:虽然受到了老师的鼓励,但弗兰克仍然很难把自己推上讲台,讲述他的抑郁症痛苦。在though引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为Though Frank was inspired by the encouragement from his teacher,相当于省略了Frank was。故填inspired。
53.painted
【详解】考查省略句。句意:它的墙壁是崭新的,就像昨天刚粉刷过一样;富丽堂皇的地板纹路丝毫没有改变。as if引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,省略了从句的主语和be动词,完整的从句是as if they were painted yesterday,省略了they were。故填painted。
54.exercising
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:为了防止软组织损伤,运动时一定要穿合适的衣服和设备。根据句型分析可知,这里考查状语从句的省略,补充完整从句应是when you are exercising,因从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句中还有be动词,所以可以把从句主语和be动词同时给省略掉写成when exercising。故填exercising。
55.to strike
【详解】考查省略句。句意:他举起拳头,好像要打我。此处为状语从句的省略句,主句的主语和as if引导的状语从句的主语一致,省略从句的主语和be动词,完整的句子是He raised his fist as if he were to strike me,此处省略he were。故填to strike。
56.treated
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和过去分词。句意:如果处理得当,废物不会对环境造成危害。在if引导的条件状语从句中,若谓语部分含有be动词,而从句主语又跟主句主语相同,则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。主语waste与treat之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故填treated。
57.doing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:尽管近来他一直在尽力学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词,或者省略主语it和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“Although       (do) his best in maths these days”是让步状语从句,原句为“Although he is doing his best in maths these days”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略he is后,应保留现在分词doing。故填doing。
58.consulting
【详解】考查省略。句意:当你向别人咨询重要决策时,你最好记住两件事。在when引导的状语从句中,若谓语部分含有be动词,而主语又跟主句主语相同或从句主语为it时,则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。主语you与consult之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填consulting。
59.listening
【详解】考查省略。句意:她给了我一个安慰的微笑,一边耐心地听一边点头。while引导时间状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词be都可以省略,表示某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中。根据句意,故填listening。
60.waiting
【详解】考查省略句。句意:在等火车的时候,我与姐姐就她的工作进行了长谈。在while引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为While I was waiting for the train,相当于省略了I was。故填waiting。